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Luo M, He N, Xu Q, Wen Z, Wang Z, Zhao J, Liu Y. Roles of prostaglandins in immunosuppression. Clin Immunol 2024:110298. [PMID: 38909972 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) play a crucial and multifaceted role in various physiological processes such as intercellular signaling, inflammation regulation, neurotransmission, vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and reproductive functions. The diversity and biological significance of these effects are contingent upon the specific types or subtypes of PGs, with each PG playing a crucial role in distinct physiological and pathological processes. Particularly within the immune system, PGs are essential in modulating the function of immune cells and the magnitude and orientation of immune responses. Hence, a comprehensive comprehension of the functions PG signaling pathways in immunosuppressive regulation holds substantial clinical relevance for disease prevention and treatment strategies. The manuscript provides a review of recent developments in PG signaling in immunosuppressive regulation. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications of PGs in immunosuppression are also discussed. While research into the immunosuppressive effects of PGs required further exploration, targeted therapies against their immunosuppressive pathways might open new avenues for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Nina He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongchi Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ziqin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Medicine Functional Experimental Teaching Center, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Li S, Huff RD, Rider CF, Yuen ACY, Carlsten C. Controlled human exposures to diesel exhaust or particle-depleted diesel exhaust with allergen modulates transcriptomic responses in the lung. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173688. [PMID: 38851342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The evidence associating traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) with allergic asthma is growing, but the underlying mechanisms for this association remain unclear. The airway epithelium is the primary tissue exposed to TRAP, hence understanding its interactions with TRAP and allergen is important. Diesel exhaust (DE), a paradigm of TRAP, consists of particulate matter (PM) and gases. Modern diesel engines often have catalytic diesel particulate filters to reduce PM output, but these may increase gaseous concentrations, and their benefits on human health cannot be assumed. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study using our unique in vivo human exposure system to investigate the effects of DE and allergen co-exposure, with or without particle depletion as a proxy for catalytic diesel particulate filters, on the airway epithelial transcriptome. Participants were exposed for 2 h before an allergen inhalation challenge, with each receiving filtered air and saline (FA-S), filtered air and allergen (FA-A), DE and allergen (DE-A), or particle-depleted DE and allergen (PDDE-A), over four different occasions, each separated by a 4-week washout period. Endobronchial brushings were collected 48 h after each exposure, and total RNA was sequenced. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using DESeq2, followed by GO enrichment and pathway analysis. FA-A, DE-A, and PDDE-A exposures significantly modulated genes relative to FA-S, with 462 unique DEGs identified. FA-A uniquely modulated the highest number (↑178, ↓155), followed by DE-A (↑44, ↓23), and then PDDE-A exposure (↑15, ↓2); 6 DEGs (↑4, ↓2) were modulated by all three conditions. Exposure to PDDE-A resulted in modulation of 285 DEGs compared to DE-A exposure, further revealing 26 biological process GO terms, including "cellular response to chemokine" and "inflammatory response". The transcriptional epithelial response to diesel exhaust and allergen co-exposure is enriched in inflammatory mediators, the pattern of which is altered upon particle depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Li
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Ryan D Huff
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Rider
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Agnes C Y Yuen
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory (APEL), Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Fakhimahmadi A, Roth-Walter F, Hofstetter G, Wiederstein M, Jensen SA, Berger M, Szepannek N, Bianchini R, Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E, Hufnagl K. Mould allergen Alt a 1 spiked with the micronutrient retinoic acid reduces Th2 response and ameliorates Alternaria allergy in BALB/c mice. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38818808 DOI: 10.1111/all.16181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the biological function of the mould allergen Alt a 1 as a carrier of micronutrients, such as the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) and the influence of RA binding on its allergenicity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Alt a 1-RA complex formation was analyzed in silico and in vitro. PBMCs from Alternaria-allergic donors were stimulated with Alt a 1 complexed with RA (holo-Alt a 1) or empty apo-Alt a 1 and analyzed for cytokine production and CD marker expression. Serum IgE-binding and crosslinking assays to apo- and holo-protein were correlated to B-cell epitope analysis. Female BALB/c mice already sensitized to Alt a 1 were intranasally treated with apo-Alt a 1, holo-Alt a 1 or RA alone before measuring anaphylactic response, serum antibody levels, splenic cytokines and CD marker expression. RESULTS In silico docking calculations and in vitro assays showed that the extent of RA binding depended on the higher quaternary state of Alt a 1. Holo-Alt a 1 loaded with RA reduced IL-13 released from PBMCs and CD3+CD4+CRTh2 cells. Complexing Alt a 1 to RA masked its IgE B-cell epitopes and reduced its IgE-binding capacity. In a therapeutic mouse model of Alternaria allergy nasal application of holo-Alt a 1, but not of apo-Alt a 1, significantly impeded the anaphylactic response, impaired splenic antigen-presenting cells and induced IL-10 production. CONCLUSION Holo-Alt a 1 binding to RA was able to alleviate Th2 immunity in vitro, modulate an ongoing Th2 response and prevent anaphylactic symptoms in vivo, presenting a novel option for improving allergen-specific immunotherapy in Alternaria allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aila Fakhimahmadi
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerlinde Hofstetter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Wiederstein
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sebastian A Jensen
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- AllergyCare Allergy Diagnosis Center, Private Clinic Döbling, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Berger
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Szepannek
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Pali-Schöll
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- AllergyCare Allergy Diagnosis Center, Private Clinic Döbling, Vienna, Austria
- Biomedical International R+D GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hufnagl
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- AllergyCare Allergy Diagnosis Center, Private Clinic Döbling, Vienna, Austria
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Diaz BL, Bandeira-Melo C. Parasitic infections: A new frontier for PGD 2 functions. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 5:100078. [PMID: 38826690 PMCID: PMC11140190 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2024.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG)D2 is produced and/or triggered by different parasites to modulate the course of the infection. These findings position PGD2 as a therapeutic target and suggest potential beneficial effects of repositioned drugs that target its synthesis or receptor engagement. However, recent in vivo data may suggest a more nuanced role and warrants further investigation of the role of PGD2 during the full course and complexity of parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L. Diaz
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Christianne Bandeira-Melo
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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Tran KN, Kwon JH, Kim MK, Nguyen NPK, Yang IJ. Intranasal delivery of herbal medicine for disease treatment: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155484. [PMID: 38442431 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intranasal administration has been adopted in traditional medicine to facilitate access to the bloodstream and central nervous system (CNS). In modern medicine, nasal drug delivery systems are valuable for disease treatment because of their noninvasiveness, good absorption, and fast-acting effects. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically organize preclinical and clinical studies on intranasal herbal medicines to highlight their potential in drug development. METHODS A comprehensive search for literature until February 2023 was conducted on PubMed and the Web of Science. From the selected publications, we extracted key information, including the types of herbal materials, target diseases, intranasal conditions, methods of toxicity evaluation, main outcomes, and mechanisms of action, and performed quality assessments for each study. RESULTS Of the 45 studies, 13 were clinical and 32 were preclinical; 28 studies used herbal extracts, 9 used prescriptions, and 8 used natural compounds. The target diseases were rhinosinusitis, influenza, fever, stroke, migraine, insomnia, depression, memory disorders, and lung cancer. The common intranasal volumes were 8-50 µl in mice, 20-100 µl in rats, and 100-500 µl in rabbits. Peppermint oil, Ribes nigrum folium, Melia azedarach L., Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Radix Bupleuri, Da Chuan Xiong Fang, Xingnaojing microemulsion, and Ginsenoside Rb1 emerged as potential candidates for rapid intranasal therapy. The in vivo toxicity assessments were based on mortality, body weight, behavioral changes, mucociliary activity, histopathology, and blood tests. Most intranasal treatments were safe, except for Cyclamen europaeum, Jasminum sambac, Punica granatum L., and violet oil, which caused mild adverse effects. At lower doses, intranasal herbal treatments often show greater effects than oral administration. The actions of intranasal herbal medicine mainly involve regulating inflammation and neurotransmission, with the olfactory bulb and anterior cingulate cortex to be relevant brain regions. CONCLUSION Intranasal delivery of herbal materials holds promise for enhancing drug delivery efficacy and reducing treatment duration, offering a potential future perspective for developing intranasal therapies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa Nguyen Tran
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kwon
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Kurz M, Ulrich M, Bittner A, Bünemann M. DP2 receptor activity sensor suited for antagonist screening and measurement of receptor dynamics in real-time. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8178. [PMID: 38589416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The DP2 receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor involved in allergic inflammation and is the target of recently developed antagonists already being tested in clinics. To get insights into DP2 receptor dynamics and to study its pharmacology on the level of the receptor, we constructed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based conformation sensor. The sensor reflects the selectivity profile of the DP2 receptor-wt and is suited for screening of agonists and antagonists due to its robust response. Furthermore, the sensor enables the direct measurement of DP2 receptor dynamics in real-time and revealed markedly distinct on- and off-rates of prostaglandin D2 between DP2 and DP1 receptors, suggesting a different mechanism of ligand receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kurz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Ulrich
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alwina Bittner
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Bünemann
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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Bao C, Abraham SN. Mast cell-sensory neuron crosstalk in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:939-953. [PMID: 38373476 PMCID: PMC10999357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells, well-positioned at the host-environment interface for detecting external antigens and playing a critical role in mobilizing innate and adaptive immune responses. Sensory neurons are afferent neurons innervating most areas of the body but especially in the periphery, where they sense external and internal signals and relay information to the brain. The significance of MC-sensory neuron communication is now increasingly becoming recognized, especially because both cell types are in close physical proximity at the host-environment interface and around major organs of the body and produce specific mediators that can activate each other. In this review, we explore the roles of MC-sensory neuron crosstalk in allergic diseases, shedding light on how activated MCs trigger sensory neurons to initiate signaling in pruritus, shock, and potentially abdominal pain in allergy, and how activated sensory neurons regulate MCs in homeostasis and atopic dermatitis associated with contact hypersensitivity and type 2 inflammation. Throughout the review, we also discuss how these 2 sentinel cell types signal each other, potentially resulting in a positive feedback loop that can sustain inflammation. Unraveling the mysteries of MC-sensory neuron crosstalk is likely to unveil their critical roles in various disease conditions and enable the development of new therapeutic approaches to combat these maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Bao
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Department of Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Bao H, Gong Z, Zhao J, Ren P, Yu Z, Su N, Gong L, Mao W, Liu B, Zhang S, Yang Y, Cao J. Prostaglandin D 2 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response in Staphylococcus aureus-infected mice macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111526. [PMID: 38295545 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most infamous and widespread bacterial pathogens, causing a hard-to-estimate number of uncomplicated skin infections and probably hundreds of thousands to millions of more severe, invasive infections globally per year. S. aureus may also be acquired from animals, especially in the livestock industry. The interaction mechanism of host and S. aureus has significance for finding ways to against S. aureus infection and control inflammatory response of host, while the molecular biological activities after S. aureus infection, particular in inflammatory and immune cells are not fully clear. The present study aimed to explore whether pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) mediate prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) synthesis and PGD2 participates in the regulation of inflammatory response in macrophages during S. aureus infection or synthetic bacterial lipopeptide (Pam2CSK4) stimulation. PGD2 secretion level was enhanced by mice peritoneal macrophages infected with the S. aureus. The results indicated that PGD2 secretion was impaired in S. aureus infected-macrophages from toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2)-deficient and NLR pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)-deficient mice. PGD2 synthetase (hematopoietic PGD synthase, HPGDS) inhibitors could reduce the activation of macrophage mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) signaling pathways. HPGDS inhibition impaired cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10 and RANTES) secretion and macrophage phagocytosis during S. aureus infection. In addition, inhibition of endogenous PGD2 synthesis was unable to affect the TLR2 and NLRP3 expression in S. aureus-infected macrophages. Taken together, macrophage PGD2 secretion after S. aureus infection depended on receptors TLR2 and NLRP3, and the induced PGD2 participated in the regulation of inflammatory response in S. aureus-infected macrophages. Interestingly, it was found that exogenous PGD2 down-regulated the cytokines secretion and had no effect on phagocytosis in the S. aureus-infected macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Bao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Key Lab of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Triticeae Crop, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Zhiguo Gong
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Jiamin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Peipei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Zhuoya Yu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Niri Su
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Linlin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Shuangyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China.
| | - Jinshan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China; Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 29, Erdosdong Road, Saihan District, 010011 Hohhot, China.
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Pitchai A, Buhman K, Shannahan JH. Lipid mediators of inhalation exposure-induced pulmonary toxicity and inflammation. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:57-74. [PMID: 38422051 PMCID: PMC11022128 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2318389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Many inhalation exposures induce pulmonary inflammation contributing to disease progression. Inflammatory processes are actively regulated via mediators including bioactive lipids. Bioactive lipids are potent signaling molecules involved in both pro-inflammatory and resolution processes through receptor interactions. The formation and clearance of lipid signaling mediators are controlled by multiple metabolic enzymes. An imbalance of these lipids can result in exacerbated and sustained inflammatory processes which may result in pulmonary damage and disease. Dysregulation of pulmonary bioactive lipids contribute to inflammation and pulmonary toxicity following exposures. For example, inhalation of cigarette smoke induces activation of pro-inflammatory bioactive lipids such as sphingolipids, and ceramides contributing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Additionally, exposure to silver nanoparticles causes dysregulation of inflammatory resolution lipids. As inflammation is a common consequence resulting from inhaled exposures and a component of numerous diseases it represents a broadly applicable target for therapeutic intervention. With new appreciation for bioactive lipids, technological advances to reliably identify and quantify lipids have occurred. In this review, we will summarize, integrate, and discuss findings from recent studies investigating the impact of inhaled exposures on pro-inflammatory and resolution lipids within the lung and their contribution to disease. Throughout the review current knowledge gaps in our understanding of bioactive lipids and their contribution to pulmonary effects of inhaled exposures will be presented. New methods being employed to detect and quantify disruption of pulmonary lipid levels following inhalation exposures will be highlighted. Lastly, we will describe how lipid dysregulation could potentially be addressed by therapeutic strategies to address inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Pitchai
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Kimberly Buhman
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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10
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Zeng C, Liu J, Zheng X, Hu X, He Y. Prostaglandin and prostaglandin receptors: present and future promising therapeutic targets for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respir Res 2023; 24:263. [PMID: 37915044 PMCID: PMC10619262 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), Group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH), is a type of pulmonary vascular disease characterized by abnormal contraction and remodeling of the pulmonary arterioles, manifested by pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and increased pulmonary arterial pressure, eventually leading to right heart failure or even death. The mechanisms involved in this process include inflammation, vascular matrix remodeling, endothelial cell apoptosis and proliferation, vasoconstriction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and hypertrophy. In this study, we review the mechanisms of action of prostaglandins and their receptors in PAH. MAIN BODY PAH-targeted therapies, such as endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, activators of soluble guanylate cyclase, prostacyclin, and prostacyclin analogs, improve PVR, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and the six-minute walk distance, cardiac output and exercise capacity and are licensed for patients with PAH; however, they have not been shown to reduce mortality. Current treatments for PAH primarily focus on inhibiting excessive pulmonary vasoconstriction, however, vascular remodeling is recalcitrant to currently available therapies. Lung transplantation remains the definitive treatment for patients with PAH. Therefore, it is imperative to identify novel targets for improving pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH. Studies have confirmed that prostaglandins and their receptors play important roles in the occurrence and development of PAH through vasoconstriction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. CONCLUSION Prostacyclin and related drugs have been used in the clinical treatment of PAH. Other prostaglandins also have the potential to treat PAH. This review provides ideas for the treatment of PAH and the discovery of new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-min Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-min Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xialei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-min Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-min Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhu He
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-min Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Tong J, Li Y, Cai X, Lou F, Sun Y, Wang Z, Zheng X, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Fang Z, Ding W, Deng S, Xu Z, Niu X, Wang H. CKBA suppresses mast cell activation via ERK signaling pathway in murine atopic dermatitis. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350374. [PMID: 37417726 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder. Mast cells play an important role in AD because they regulate allergic reactions and inflammatory responses. However, whether and how the modulation of mast cell activity affects AD has not been determined. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects and mechanisms of 3-O-cyclohexanecarbonyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (CKBA). This natural compound derivative alleviates skin inflammation by inhibiting mast cell activation and maintaining skin barrier homeostasis in AD. CKBA markedly reduced serum IgE levels and alleviated skin inflammation in calcipotriol (MC903)-induced AD mouse model. CKBA also restrained mast cell degranulation both in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq analysis revealed that CKBA downregulated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in BM-derived mast cells activated by anti-2,4-dinitrophenol/2,4-dinitrophenol-human serum albumin. We proved that CKBA suppressed mast cell activation via ERK signaling using the ERK activator (t-butyl hydroquinone) and inhibitor (selumetinib; AZD6244) in AD. Thus, CKBA suppressed mast cell activation in AD via the ERK signaling pathway and could be a therapeutic candidate drug for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tong
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Cai
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Lou
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xichen Zheng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Fang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiang Ding
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Deng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyao Xu
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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12
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Yin R, Huang KX, Huang LA, Ji M, Zhao H, Li K, Gao A, Chen J, Li Z, Liu T, Shively JE, Kandeel F, Li J. Indole-Based and Cyclopentenylindole-Based Analogues Containing Fluorine Group as Potential 18F-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography (PET) G-Protein Coupled Receptor 44 (GPR44) Tracers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1203. [PMID: 37765011 PMCID: PMC10534865 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, growing evidence of the relationship between G-protein coupled receptor 44 (GPR44) and the inflammation-cancer system has garnered tremendous interest, while the exact role of GPR44 has not been fully elucidated. Currently, there is a strong and urgent need for the development of non-invasive in vivo GPR44 positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers that can be used to aid the exploration of the relationship between inflammation and tumor biologic behavior. Accordingly, the choosing and radiolabeling of existing GPR44 antagonists containing a fluorine group could serve as a viable method to accelerate PET tracers development for in vivo imaging to this purpose. The present study aims to evaluate published (2000-present) indole-based and cyclopentenyl-indole-based analogues of the GPR44 antagonist to guide the development of fluorine-18 labeled PET tracers that can accurately detect inflammatory processes. The selected analogues contained a crucial fluorine nuclide and were characterized for various properties including binding affinity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile. Overall, 26 compounds with favorable to strong binding properties were identified. This review highlights the potential of GPR44 analogues for the development of PET tracers to study inflammation and cancer development and ultimately guide the development of targeted clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkai Yin
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kelly X. Huang
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lina A. Huang
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Melinda Ji
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hanyi Zhao
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kathy Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Anna Gao
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhixuan Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tianxiong Liu
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John E. Shively
- Department of Immunology & Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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13
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Wang J, Wang P, Shao Y, He D. Advancing Treatment Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Drug Delivery Innovations for Chronic Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2151. [PMID: 37631365 PMCID: PMC10458134 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis, present ongoing challenges in terms of effective treatment and management. These diseases are characterized by persistent inflammation in the airways, leading to structural changes and compromised lung function. There are several treatments available for them, such as bronchodilators, immunomodulators, and oxygen therapy. However, there are still some shortcomings in the effectiveness and side effects of drugs. To achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes while minimizing systemic side effects, targeted therapies and precise drug delivery systems are crucial to the management of these diseases. This comprehensive review focuses on the role of drug delivery systems in chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases, particularly nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), novel biologicals, gene therapy, and personalized medicine. By examining the latest advancements and strategies in these areas, we aim to provide a thorough understanding of the current landscape and future prospects for improving treatment outcomes in these challenging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Wang
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (J.W.); (P.W.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (J.W.); (P.W.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yiru Shao
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (J.W.); (P.W.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Daikun He
- Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (J.W.); (P.W.); (Y.S.)
- Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Zdziarski P, Ricciardi L, Paganelli R. Editorial: Case reports in respiratory pharmacology 2022. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1242273. [PMID: 37654611 PMCID: PMC10466123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1242273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Zdziarski
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Pulmonary Disease, Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Centre, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Luisa Ricciardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Internal Medicine, Saint Camillus International University of Medical and Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
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15
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Yang H, Fu L, Li L, Zhang D, Li Q, Zhou P. miR-665 overexpression inhibits the apoptosis of luteal cells in small ruminants suppressing HPGDS. Theriogenology 2023; 206:40-48. [PMID: 37178673 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that microRNA-665 (miR-665) is highly expressed in the mid-luteal phase compared with the early and end-luteal phase of the corpus luteum (CL) life cycle. However, whether miR-665 is a positive regulator of the life span of the CL is still unknown. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of miR-665 on the structural luteolysis in the ovarian CL. In this study, the targeting relationship between miR-665 and hematopoietic prostaglandin synthase (HPGDS) was firstly verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Then, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-665 and HPGDS in luteal cells. Following miR-665 overexpression, the apoptosis rate of the luteal cells was determined using flow cytometry; B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and caspase-3 mRNA and protein were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB) analysis. Finally, the DP1 and CRTH2 receptors of PGD2, a synthetic product of HPGDS, were localized using immunofluorescence. Results confirmed that HPGDS was a direct target gene of miR-665, and miR-665 expression was negatively correlated with HPGDS mRNA expression in luteal cells. Meanwhile, after miR-665 was overexpressed, the apoptotic rate of the luteal cells showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) and this was accompanied by elevated expression levels of anti-apoptotic factor BCL-2 mRNA and protein and decreased expression levels of apoptotic factor caspase-3 mRNA and protein (P < 0.01). Moreover, the immune fluorescence staining results showed that the DP1 receptor was also significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but the CRTH2 receptor was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in luteal cells. Overall, these results indicate that miR-665 reduces the apoptosis of luteal cells via inhibiting caspase-3 expression and promoting BCL-2 expression, and the biological function of miR-665 may be attributed to its target gene HPGDS which regulates the balance of DP1 and CRTH2 receptors expression in luteal cells. As a consequence, this study suggests that miR-665 might be a positive regulator of the life span of the CL rather than destroy the integrity of CL in small ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Lin Fu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Licai Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Dezhi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Qianyong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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16
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Hu L, Liu J, Wang L, Wang T, Zhang H, Cong L, Wang Q. Pathogenesis of allergic diseases and implications for therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:138. [PMID: 36964157 PMCID: PMC10039055 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic asthma (AAS), atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), and eczema are systemic diseases caused by an impaired immune system. Accompanied by high recurrence rates, the steadily rising incidence rates of these diseases are attracting increasing attention. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases is complex and involves many factors, including maternal-fetal environment, living environment, genetics, epigenetics, and the body's immune status. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases exhibits a marked heterogeneity, with phenotype and endotype defining visible features and associated molecular mechanisms, respectively. With the rapid development of immunology, molecular biology, and biotechnology, many new biological drugs have been designed for the treatment of allergic diseases, including anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE), anti-interleukin (IL)-5, and anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)/IL-4, to control symptoms. For doctors and scientists, it is becoming more and more important to understand the influencing factors, pathogenesis, and treatment progress of allergic diseases. This review aimed to assess the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic interventions of allergic diseases, including AR, AAS, AD, and FA. We hope to help doctors and scientists understand allergic diseases systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Zhou
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Linhan Hu
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Juntong Liu
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 1000210, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Linpeng Cong
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institute of TCM constitution and Preventive Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China.
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17
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Currie C, Framroze B, Singh D, Sharma D, Bjerknes C, Hermansen E. Pharmacological evaluation of the effects of enzymatically liberated fish oil on eosinophilic inflammation in animal models. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:157-163. [PMID: 35353942 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The inappropriate activation of eosinophils is a well-recognized driver of various human inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic rhinitis, and various gastrointestinal diseases, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Steroids, both topical and systemic, remain a cornerstone of treatment and can be highly effective. However, some individuals suffer side effects, unresolved symptoms, or both. OmeGo, an enzymatically liberated fish oil, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well the reduction of the activation, migration, and survival of eosinophils. Two animal models of eosinophilic inflammation were used to further assess OmeGo's profile. A house dust mite model of induced asthma showed a significant reduction in eosinophilic lung inflammation compared to the negative control, linoleic acid. The CRTH2 antagonist fevipiprant showed a similar eosinophilic inhibitory profile to OmeGo. In contrast, cod liver oil had no impact on any measure of inflammation. A guinea pig model of mild intraperitoneal eosinophilia showed a significant reduction in eosinophil activity by OmeGo, assessed by chemotaxis and chemokinesis. Apolipoprotein A-IV, an endogenous human protein with anti-inflammatory actions, showed a similar but numerically lower effect. OmeGo therefore combines a consistent antieosinophilic action with the known anti-inflammatory effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Proof-of-concept studies in asthma are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK & The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Erland Hermansen
- Hofseth BioCare, Ålesund, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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18
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Dong L, Wen S, Tang Y, Li F, He Y, Deng Y, Tao Z. Atorvastatin attenuates allergic inflammation by blocking prostaglandin biosynthesis in rats with allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109681. [PMID: 36634416 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandins (PGs) are bioactive lipid mediators derived from the nuclear and plasma membranes via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. PGs bridge the interactions between various immunomodulatory cells in allergic rhinitis (AR) and are considered key players in regulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. AA conversion to PGs involves rate-limiting enzymes that may be blocked by statins. The mechanisms by which statins regulate these enzymes in AR remain unclear. We investigated the effects of oral atorvastatin on PGs production in AR. METHODS An ovalbumin-induced AR rat model was constructed and the changes in nasal symptom score and nasal mucosa histopathological characteristics of AR rats under different atorvastatin doses were assessed. qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of rate-limiting enzymes and downstream molecules of AA metabolism in the nasal mucosa and liver. RESULTS Oral atorvastatin significantly alleviated symptoms and eosinophil infiltration in the nasal mucosa, inhibited goblet cell hyperplasia and mast cell recruitment, and decreased mucus secretion in AR rats. Increasing atorvastatin dose increased the anti-inflammatory effects. High-dose atorvastatin inhibited upregulation of the inflammatory mediator PGD2 in the nasal mucosa of AR rats. Compared to the control group, the mRNA and protein expression of the rate-limiting enzymes COX-2, PGDS, and PGES in AA metabolism in the AR group were upregulated but downregulated after the oral administration of high-dose atorvastatin. Atorvastatin also showed dose-dependent inhibition of ERK1/2 and downstream NF-κB phosphorylation in the nasal mucosa and liver of AR rats. CONCLUSIONS Atorvastatin inhibited allergic inflammation and attenuated AR nasal symptoms by downregulating PGD2 and rate-limiting enzyme expression in PGD2 biosynthesis, possibly by blocking the RAS/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Silu Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yulei Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Yuqin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jie-Fang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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19
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Zhou X, Zhang P, Tan H, Dong B, Jing Z, Wu H, Luo J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Sun X. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of difficult-to-treat asthma in children. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2023; 17:17534666231213637. [PMID: 38069568 PMCID: PMC10710755 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231213637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, medications containing inhaled corticosteroids (ICS-containing) are the keystones of asthma treatment. The majority of asthmatic children can significantly improve clinical outcomes with little worsening by standardized inhaled glucocorticoid treatment, but there is still a small proportion of children who are unable to achieve good symptom control even after the maximum standardized treatment, known as 'children with difficult-to-treat asthma (DA)'. The high heterogeneity of DA makes therapy challenging and expensive, which poses a serious risk to children's health and makes it extremely difficult for clinical physicians to accurately identify and treat children with DA. This article reviews the definition, evaluation, and treatment of this asthma in order to provide a reference for optimal clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zenghui Jing
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huajie Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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20
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Chen W, He S, Xie X, Yang X, Duan C, Ye P, Li X, Lawrence MG, Borish L, Feng X. Over-expression of CRTH2 indicates eosinophilic inflammation and poor prognosis in recurrent nasal polyps. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1046426. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1046426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is often characterized by recurrent nasal polyp (NP) growth following surgical removal, but the mechanisms are still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) receptor on NP and the role it plays in eosinophil inflammation and polyp recurrence.MethodsForty-one CRSwNPs patients and seventeen controls were enrolled in this study. mRNA was extracted from nasal tissues and evaluated for expression of CRTH2. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to confirm the distribution and expression of CRTH2 protein. CRTH2 expression on peripheral blood eosinophils was quantified by flow cytometry. The eosinophil count and clinical implications were also evaluated and their correlations with CRTH2 expression were analyzed.ResultsNasal polyps displayed increased expression of CRTH2 in mRNA level compared with control samples, with the highest expression observed in recurrent NP. Immunofluorescence confirmed over-expression of CRTH2 in recurrent NP and this was independent of the concurrent presence of asthma. CRTH2 expression was positively correlated with tissue eosinophil number (Spearman’s ρ=0.69, P<0.001) and the postoperative sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22) score (Spearman’s ρ=0.67, P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed CRTH2 was more predictive for NP recurrence compared to either eosinophil number and concomitant asthma, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.9107.ConclusionThe over-expression of CRTH2 in recurrent nasal polyps correlates with greater eosinophilic inflammation and poor prognosis which is independent of concomitant asthma.
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Currie C, Framroze B, Singh D, Lea S, Bjerknes C, Hermansen E. Assessing the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of an Orally Dosed Enzymatically Liberated Fish Oil in a House Dust Model of Allergic Asthma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102574. [PMID: 36289834 PMCID: PMC9599594 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are a major driver of inflammation in a number of human diseases, including asthma. Biologic therapies targeting IL-5 have enabled better control of severe eosinophilic asthma, but no such advances have been made for enhancing the control of moderate asthma. However, a number of moderate asthma sufferers remain troubled by unresolved symptoms, treatment side effects, or both. OmeGo, an enzymatically liberated fish oil, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties including the reduction of eosinophilia. A house dust mite model of induced asthma in mice was utilized in this study, and OmeGo showed a significant reduction in eosinophilic lung and systemic inflammation and reduced lung remodelling compared to cod liver oil. The CRTH2 antagonist fevipiprant showed an anti-inflammatory profile similar to that of OmeGo. OmeGo has the potential to be a pragmatic, cost-effective co-treatment for less severe forms of eosinophilic asthma. Proof-of-concept studies are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crawford Currie
- Hofseth BioCare, Kipervikgata 13, 6003 Ålesund, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Bomi Framroze
- Hofseth BioCare, Kipervikgata 13, 6003 Ålesund, Norway
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9QZ, UK
| | - Simon Lea
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9QZ, UK
| | | | - Erland Hermansen
- Hofseth BioCare, Kipervikgata 13, 6003 Ålesund, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
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22
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Ren M, Wang Y, Lin L, Li S, Ma Q. α-Linolenic Acid Screened by Molecular Docking Attenuates Inflammation by Regulating Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Ovalbumin-Induced Mice of Allergic Rhinitis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185893. [PMID: 36144628 PMCID: PMC9501164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is a natural essential fatty acid widely found in plant seed oils and beans, which shows positive anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. In our previous study, ALA was proven to bind tightly to the seven protein targets closely associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) by molecular docking, which indicates that ALA may have a potential role in the treatment of AR. A mouse model of AR induced by ovalbumin (OVA) was adopted in this study to explore the therapeutical effect and potential mechanism of ALA in treating AR. Results demonstrated that ALA remarkably relieved the nasal symptoms, reduced the OVA-sIgE level in the serum, relieved the histopathological injuries, and downregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the nasal mucosa. ALA also remarkably moderated the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells, increased the mRNA expression levels of T-bet and STAT1, and reduced GATA3 and STAT6. ALA was proven to have a substantial therapeutic effect on mice with AR, and the underlying mechanism was likely to be the regulation of Th1/Th2 imbalance through the JAK/T-bet/STAT1 and JAK/GATA3/STAT6 pathways. This study provides a specific experimental basis for the clinical use and drug development of ALA in the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Q.M.)
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Qinhai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Q.M.)
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Fernandez A, Asbell P, Roy N. Emerging therapies targeting eosinophil-mediated inflammation in chronic allergic conjunctivitis. Ocul Surf 2022; 26:191-196. [PMID: 35970432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ocular allergy remains a significant burden to the population while the treatment for the severe, chronic forms of allergic conjunctivitis remains largely limited to non-specific immunosuppressants. Eosinophils are central to the pathophysiology and sustaining the immunologic response found in the chronic forms of ocular allergy such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Several mediators of eosinophil recruitment, chemotaxis, adhesion, activation, and survival have been identified that offer potential therapeutic targets for ocular allergy. Based on preclinical and clinical data available in both ocular and non-ocular allergy studies, these emerging therapies warrant further investigation in reducing the severity of disease in patients with chronic ocular allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fernandez
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Penny Asbell
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Neeta Roy
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Now Affiliated with Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
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24
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Huang Z, Chu M, Chen X, Wang Z, Jiang L, Ma Y, Wang Y. Th2A cells: The pathogenic players in allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:916778. [PMID: 36003397 PMCID: PMC9393262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.916778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proallergic type 2 helper T (Th2A) cells are a subset of memory Th2 cells confined to atopic individuals, and they include all the allergen-specific Th2 cells. Recently, many studies have shown that Th2A cells characterized by CD3+ CD4+ HPGDS+ CRTH2+ CD161high ST2high CD49dhigh CD27low play a crucial role in allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). In this review, we summarize the discovery, biomarkers, and biological properties of Th2A cells to gain new insights into the pathogenesis of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Ming Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Chu, ; Yuedan Wang,
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yinchao Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yuedan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Chu, ; Yuedan Wang,
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Moss MH, Lugogo NL, Castro M, Hanania NA, Ludwig-Sengpiel A, Saralaya D, Dobek R, Ojanguren I, Vyshnyvetskyy I, Bruey JM, Osterhout R, Tompkins CA, Dittrich K, Raghupathi K, Ortega H. Results of a Phase 2b Trial With GB001, a Prostaglandin D2 Receptor 2 Antagonist, in Moderate to Severe Eosinophilic Asthma. Chest 2022; 162:297-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Sharma P, Dhanjal DS, Chopra C, Tambuwala MM, Sohal SS, van der Spek PJ, Sharma HS, Satija S. Targeting eosinophils in chronic respiratory diseases using nanotechnology-based drug delivery. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Kong D, Yu Y. Prostaglandin D2 signaling and cardiovascular homeostasis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 167:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Role of prostaglandin D2 receptors in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:309-321. [PMID: 35132998 PMCID: PMC8891815 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) released from immune cells or other cell types activates its receptors, D prostanoid receptor (DP)1 and 2 (DP1 and DP2), to promote inflammatory responses in allergic and lung diseases. Prostaglandin-mediated inflammation may also contribute to vascular diseases such as abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the role of DP receptors in the pathogenesis of AAA has not been systematically investigated. In the present study, DP1-deficient mice and pharmacological inhibitors of either DP1 or DP2 were tested in two distinct mouse models of AAA formation: angiotensin II (AngII) infusion and calcium chloride (CaCl2) application. DP1-deficient mice [both heterozygous (DP1+/-) and homozygous (DP1-/-)] were protected against CaCl2-induced AAA formation, in conjunction with decreased matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) activity and adventitial inflammatory cell infiltration. In the AngII infusion model, DP1+/- mice, but not DP1-/- mice, exhibited reduced AAA formation. Interestingly, compensatory up-regulation of the DP2 receptor was detected in DP1-/- mice in response to AngII infusion, suggesting a potential role for DP2 receptors in AAA. Treatment with selective antagonists of DP1 (laropiprant) or DP2 (fevipiprant) protected against AAA formation, in conjunction with reduced elastin degradation and aortic inflammatory responses. In conclusion, PGD2 signaling contributes to AAA formation in mice, suggesting that antagonists of DP receptors, which have been extensively tested in allergic and lung diseases, may be promising candidates to ameliorate AAA.
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Chiang KC, Rizk JG, Nelson DJ, Krishnamurti L, Subbian S, Imig JD, Khan I, Reddy ST, Gupta A. Ramatroban for chemoprophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19: David takes on Goliath. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:13-28. [PMID: 35068281 PMCID: PMC10119876 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2031975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In COVID-19 pneumonia, there is a massive increase in fatty acid levels and lipid mediators with a predominance of cyclooxygenase metabolites, notably TxB2 ≫ PGE2 > PGD2 in the lungs, and 11-dehydro-TxB2, a TxA2 metabolite, in the systemic circulation. While TxA2 stimulates thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptors, 11-dehydro-TxB2 is a full agonist of DP2 (formerly known as the CRTh2) receptors for PGD2. Anecdotal experience of using ramatroban, a dual receptor antagonist of the TxA2/TP and PGD2/DP2 receptors, demonstrated rapid symptomatic relief from acute respiratory distress and hypoxemia while avoiding hospitalization. AREAS COVERED Evidence supporting the role of TxA2/TP receptors and PGD2/DP2 receptors in causing rapidly progressive lung injury associated with hypoxemia, a maladaptive immune response and thromboinflammation is discussed. An innovative perspective on the dual antagonism of TxA2/TP and PGD2/DP2 receptor signaling as a therapeutic approach in COVID-19 is presented. This paper examines ramatroban an anti-platelet, immunomodulator, and antifibrotic agent for acute and long-haul COVID-19. EXPERT OPINION Ramatroban, a dual blocker of TP and DP2 receptors, has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of respiratory dysfunction, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and sepsis, as well as preliminary evidence for rapid relief from dyspnea and hypoxemia in COVID-19 pneumonia. Ramatroban merits investigation as a promising antithrombotic and immunomodulatory agent for chemoprophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John G. Rizk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Arizona State University, Edson College, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurti
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School and Public Health Research Institute, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - John D. Imig
- Drug Discovery Center and Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Departments of Medicine, and Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Charak Foundation, Orange, CA
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
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Cheung P, Eriksson O. The Current State of Beta-Cell-Mass PET Imaging for Diabetes Research and Therapies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1824. [PMID: 34944640 PMCID: PMC8698817 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease affecting over 400 million people worldwide and one of the leading causes of death, especially in developing nations. The disease is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, caused by defects in the insulin secretion or action pathway. Current diagnostic methods measure metabolic byproducts of the disease such as glucose level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin or C-peptide levels, which are indicators of the beta-cell function. However, they inaccurately reflect the disease progression and provide poor longitudinal information. Beta-cell mass has been suggested as an alternative approach to study disease progression in correlation to beta-cell function, as it behaves differently in the diabetes physiopathology. Study of the beta-cell mass, however, requires highly invasive and potentially harmful procedures such as pancreatic biopsies, making diagnosis and monitoring of the disease tedious. Nuclear medical imaging techniques using radiation emitting tracers have been suggested as strong non-invasive tools for beta-cell mass. A highly sensitive and high-resolution technique, such as positron emission tomography, provides an ideal solution for the visualization of beta-cell mass, which is particularly essential for better characterization of a disease such as diabetes, and for estimating treatment effects towards regeneration of the beta-cell mass. Development of novel, validated biomarkers that are aimed at beta-cell mass imaging are thus highly necessary and would contribute to invaluable breakthroughs in the field of diabetes research and therapies. This review aims to describe the various biomarkers and radioactive probes currently available for positron emission tomography imaging of beta-cell mass, as well as highlight the need for precise quantification and visualization of the beta-cell mass for designing new therapy strategies and monitoring changes in the beta-cell mass during the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cheung
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-75183 Uppsala, Sweden;
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Kulkarni S, Poller B, Drollmann A, Shah B, Gray C, Greco E, Rahmanzadeh G, Hanna I, Weiss HM. Fevipiprant (QAW039) does not affect the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine, its glucuronide, and penicillin G via inhibition of UGT2B7 and/or OAT3. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021; 72:102097. [PMID: 34800680 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swarupa Kulkarni
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
| | - Birk Poller
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bharti Shah
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Cathy Gray
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Imad Hanna
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - H Markus Weiss
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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DuBois J, Bruce S, Stewart D, Kempers S, Harutunian C, Boodhoo T, Weitzenfeld A, Chang-Lin JE. Setipiprant for Androgenetic Alopecia in Males: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2a Trial. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1507-1517. [PMID: 34703265 PMCID: PMC8526366 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s319676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate oral setipiprant versus placebo for scalp hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Patients and Methods Males aged 18 to 49 years with AGA were enrolled in a double-blind, multicenter, 32-week, phase 2a trial; randomized to twice-daily (BID) 1000-mg (2×500 mg for a total daily dose of 2000 mg) setipiprant tablets or placebo for 24 weeks; and assessed at weeks 4, 8, 16, and 24, with a week 32 follow-up. The study initially included a finasteride 1-mg once-daily group, removed by protocol amendment. Changes from baseline to week 24 in target area hair count (TAHC) and blinded Subject Self-Assessment (SSA) of target area photographs were coprimary efficacy endpoints. Hair growth was also evaluated using blinded Investigator Global Assessment (IGA). Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs) and clinical laboratory tests. Analysis of covariance models were used to test statistical significance for TAHC, SSA, and IGA. Data were summarized without statistical analysis for finasteride. Results Randomized subjects (N=169) included 74 placebo, 83 setipiprant, and 12 finasteride subjects; 117 (69.2%) and 113 (66.9%) subjects completed week 24 and 32 visits, respectively. Treatment groups had similar baseline characteristics. Neither coprimary efficacy endpoint was met. At week 24, TAHC and SSA findings indicated no hair growth improvements with setipiprant versus placebo. Setipiprant also did not improve hair growth versus placebo per the IGA. Treatment-related AEs, all mild or moderate in severity, occurred in 12.3%, 25.9%, and 25.0% of the placebo, setipiprant, and finasteride groups, respectively. Two treatment-emergent serious AEs (TESAEs), cellulitis and multiple sclerosis, were reported in the placebo group, both unrelated to treatment. No TESAEs were reported with setipiprant or finasteride. Conclusion Setipiprant 1000 mg BID was safe and well tolerated but did not demonstrate efficacy versus placebo for scalp hair growth in men with AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Stewart
- Midwest Center for Dermatology & Cosmetic Surgery, Clinton Township, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Terry Boodhoo
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, CA, USA
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Carstensen S, Gress C, Erpenbeck VJ, Kazani SD, Hohlfeld JM, Sandham DA, Müller M. Prostaglandin D 2 metabolites activate asthmatic patient-derived type 2 innate lymphoid cells and eosinophils via the DP 2 receptor. Respir Res 2021; 22:262. [PMID: 34620168 PMCID: PMC8499518 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) signaling via prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 (DP2) contributes to atopic and non-atopic asthma. Inhibiting DP2 has shown therapeutic benefit in certain subsets of asthma patients, improving eosinophilic airway inflammation. PGD2 metabolites prolong the inflammatory response in asthmatic patients via DP2 signaling. The role of PGD2 metabolites on eosinophil and ILC2 activity is not fully understood. METHODS Eosinophils and ILC2s were isolated from peripheral blood of atopic asthmatic patients. Eosinophil shape change, ILC2 migration and IL-5/IL-13 cytokine secretion were measured after stimulation with seven PGD2 metabolites in presence or absence of the selective DP2 antagonist fevipiprant. RESULTS Selected metabolites induced eosinophil shape change with similar nanomolar potencies except for 9α,11β-PGF2. Maximal values in forward scatter of eosinophils were comparable between metabolites. ILC2s migrated dose-dependently in the presence of selected metabolites except for 9α,11β-PGF2 with EC50 values ranging from 17.4 to 91.7 nM. Compared to PGD2, the absolute cell migration was enhanced in the presence of Δ12-PGD2, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGD2, PGJ2, Δ12-PGJ2 and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2. ILC2 cytokine production was dose dependent as well but with an average sixfold reduced potency compared to cell migration (IL-5 range 108.1 to 526.9 nM, IL-13 range: 125.2 to 788.3 nM). Compared to PGD2, the absolute cytokine secretion was reduced in the presence of most metabolites. Fevipiprant dose-dependently inhibited eosinophil shape change, ILC2 migration and ILC2 cytokine secretion with (sub)-nanomolar potencies. CONCLUSION Prostaglandin D2 metabolites initiate ILC2 migration and IL-5 and IL-13 cytokine secretion in a DP2 dependent manner. Our data indicate that metabolites may be important for in vivo eosinophil activation and ILC2 migration and to a lesser extent for ILC2 cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Carstensen
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Gress
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - David A Sandham
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Meike Müller
- Department of Biomarker Analysis and Development, Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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Schulte CA, Deaton DN, Diaz E, Do Y, Gampe RT, Guss JH, Hancock AP, Hobbs H, Hodgson ST, Holt J, Jeune MR, Kahler KM, Kramer HF, Le J, Mortenson PN, Musetti C, Nolte RT, Orband-Miller LA, Peckham GE, Petrov KG, Pietrak BL, Poole C, Price DJ, Saxty G, Shillings A, Smalley TL, Somers DO, Stewart EL, Stuart JD, Thomson SA. A knowledge-based, structural-aided discovery of a novel class of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide H-PGDS inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 47:128113. [PMID: 33991628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Through an internal virtual screen at GlaxoSmithKline a distinct class of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxamide H-PGDS inhibitors were discovered. Careful evaluation of crystal structures and SAR led to a novel, potent, and orally active imidazopyridine inhibitor of H-PGDS, 20b. Herein, describes the identification of 2 classes of inhibitors, their syntheses, and their challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie A Schulte
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States.
| | - David N Deaton
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Elsie Diaz
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Young Do
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Robert T Gampe
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Jeffrey H Guss
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, United States
| | - Ashley P Hancock
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Hobbs
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T Hodgson
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Holt
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Michael R Jeune
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Kirsten M Kahler
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - H Fritz Kramer
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Joelle Le
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul N Mortenson
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Musetti
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, United States
| | - Robert T Nolte
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, United States
| | - Lisa A Orband-Miller
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Gregory E Peckham
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Kim G Petrov
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Beth L Pietrak
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, United States
| | - Chuck Poole
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Daniel J Price
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Gordon Saxty
- Astex Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Shillings
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Terrence L Smalley
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Don O Somers
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene L Stewart
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - J Darren Stuart
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Stephen A Thomson
- GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, P.O. Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
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PTGDR2 Expression in Peripheral Blood as a Potential Biomarker in Adult Patients with Asthma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090827. [PMID: 34575604 PMCID: PMC8468563 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Precision medicine is a promising strategy to identify biomarkers, stratify asthmatic patients according to different endotypes, and match them with the appropriate therapy. This proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate whether gene expression in peripheral blood could provide a valuable noninvasive approach for the molecular phenotyping of asthma. Methods: We performed whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing on peripheral blood of 30 non-atopic non-asthmatic controls and 30 asthmatic patients. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation study of PTGDR2 that encodes for CRTH2 receptor, expressed in cells involved in T2 inflammation, was developed in a cohort of 361 independent subjects: 94 non-asthmatic non-atopic controls, 187 asthmatic patients [including 82 with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and 24 with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)], 52 with allergic rhinitis, and 28 with CRSwNP without asthma. Results: PTGDR2 was one of the most differentially overexpressed genes in asthmatic patients’ peripheral blood (p-value 2.64 × 106). These results were confirmed by qPCR in the validation study, where PTGDR2 transcripts were significantly upregulated in asthmatic patients (p < 0.001). This upregulation was mainly detected in some subgroups such as allergic asthma, asthma with CRSwNP, AERD, eosinophilic asthma, and severe persistent asthma. PTGDR2 expression was detected in different blood cell types, and its correlation with eosinophil counts showed differences in some groups of asthmatic patients. Conclusions: We found that PTGDR2 expression levels could identify asthma patients, introduce a minimally invasive biomarker for adult asthma molecular phenotyping, and add additional information to blood eosinophils. Although further studies are required, analyzing PTGDR2 expression levels in peripheral blood of asthmatics might assist in selecting patients for treatment with specific antagonists.
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Zuo S, Wang B, Liu J, Kong D, Cui H, Jia Y, Wang C, Xu X, Chen G, Wang Y, Yang L, Zhang K, Ai D, Du J, Shen Y, Yu Y. ER-anchored CRTH2 antagonizes collagen biosynthesis and organ fibrosis via binding LARP6. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107403. [PMID: 34223653 PMCID: PMC8365266 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, mainly collagen protein, is the hallmark of organ fibrosis. The molecular mechanisms regulating fibrotic protein biosynthesis are unclear. Here, we find that chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2), a plasma membrane receptor for prostaglandin D2, is trafficked to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in fibroblasts in a caveolin-1-dependent manner. ER-anchored CRTH2 binds the collagen mRNA recognition motif of La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6 (LARP6) and promotes the degradation of collagen mRNA in these cells. In line, CRTH2 deficiency increases collagen biosynthesis in fibroblasts and exacerbates injury-induced organ fibrosis in mice, which can be rescued by LARP6 depletion. Administration of CRTH2 N-terminal peptide reduces collagen production by binding to LARP6. Similar to CRTH2, bumetanide binds the LARP6 mRNA recognition motif, suppresses collagen biosynthesis, and alleviates bleomycin-triggered pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. These findings reveal a novel anti-fibrotic function of CRTH2 in the ER membrane via the interaction with LARP6, which may represent a therapeutic target for fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkai Zuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Bei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jiao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Deping Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghai Tech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yaonan Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chenyao Wang
- Department of Inflammation and ImmunityLerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Xin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Guilin Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ding Ai
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Yujun Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ying Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory BiologyCenter for Cardiovascular DiseasesKey Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of PharmacologyThe Province and Ministry Co‐sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical EpigeneticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
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Molecular basis for lipid recognition by the prostaglandin D 2 receptor CRTH2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102813118. [PMID: 34341104 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102813118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) signals through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) CRTH2 to mediate various inflammatory responses. CRTH2 is the only member of the prostanoid receptor family that is phylogenetically distant from others, implying a nonconserved mechanism of lipid action on CRTH2. Here, we report a crystal structure of human CRTH2 bound to a PGD2 derivative, 15R-methyl-PGD2 (15mPGD2), by serial femtosecond crystallography. The structure revealed a "polar group in"-binding mode of 15mPGD2 contrasting the "polar group out"-binding mode of PGE2 in its receptor EP3. Structural comparison analysis suggested that these two lipid-binding modes, associated with distinct charge distributions of ligand-binding pockets, may apply to other lipid GPCRs. Molecular dynamics simulations together with mutagenesis studies also identified charged residues at the ligand entry port that function to capture lipid ligands of CRTH2 from the lipid bilayer. Together, our studies suggest critical roles of charge environment in lipid recognition by GPCRs.
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38
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Schmid T, Brüne B. Prostanoids and Resolution of Inflammation - Beyond the Lipid-Mediator Class Switch. Front Immunol 2021; 12:714042. [PMID: 34322137 PMCID: PMC8312722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.714042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipid mediators play a major role in regulating inflammatory processes. Herein, early pro-inflammatory phases are characterized and regulated by prostanoids and leukotrienes, whereas specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM), including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, dominate during the resolution phase. While pro-inflammatory properties of prostanoids have been studied extensively, their impact on later phases of the inflammatory process has been attributed mainly to their ability to initiate the lipid-mediator class switch towards SPM. Yet, there is accumulating evidence that prostanoids directly contribute to the resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. In this mini review, we summarize the current knowledge of the resolution-regulatory properties of prostanoids and discuss potential implications for anti-inflammatory, prostanoid-targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
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39
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Sehanobish E, Asad M, Barbi M, Porcelli SA, Jerschow E. Aspirin Actions in Treatment of NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695815. [PMID: 34305932 PMCID: PMC8297972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is characterized by nasal polyposis, chronic rhinosinusitis, adult-onset asthma and hypersensitive reactions to cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors. Among the available treatments for this disease, a combination of endoscopic sinus surgery followed by aspirin desensitization and aspirin maintenance therapy has been an effective approach. Studies have shown that long-term aspirin maintenance therapy can reduce the rate of nasal polyp recurrence in patients with N-ERD. However, the exact mechanism by which aspirin can both trigger and suppress airway disease in N-ERD remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of aspirin effects in N-ERD, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and consider potential mechanistic pathways accounting for the effects of aspirin in N-ERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Sehanobish
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mohammad Asad
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mali Barbi
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Steven A. Porcelli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Elina Jerschow
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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40
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Novosad J, Krčmová I. Evolution of our view on the IgE molecule role in bronchial asthma and the clinical effect of its modulation by omalizumab: Where do we stand today? Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420942386. [PMID: 32689848 PMCID: PMC7375718 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420942386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease whose definition and treatment are based on evidence of variable airway obstruction and airway inflammation. Despite the enormous increase in the amount of information on the pathogenesis of this disease, diagnosis is still an unresolved problem, as we still lack sensitive and specific biomarkers. On the other hand, at the turn of the 20th and 21st century, there was a rapid development of therapeutic modalities based on the principle of biological therapy. The first authorized drug matching these characteristics was omalizumab – a monoclonal antibody directed against immunoglobulin E (IgE). It has been used for the treatment of severe forms of bronchial asthma for more than 15 years, which is a sufficient time to acquire ways of its effective use and to assess whether the treatment with omalizumab has met our expectations. However, we continue to discover new and surprising facts about the effects of omalizumab treatment which leads to widening of therapeutic indications. In this work, a basic overview of the very complex role of the IgE molecule in the organism (with a special emphasis on allergic asthma) is discussed, and the most important practical and clinical consequences resulting from its modulation by targeted therapy with omalizumab are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Novosad
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Krčmová
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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PET Imaging of GPR44 by Antagonist [ 11C]MK-7246 in Pigs. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040434. [PMID: 33923731 PMCID: PMC8073488 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A validated imaging marker for beta-cell mass would improve understanding of diabetes etiology and enable new strategies in therapy development. We previously identified the membrane-spanning protein GPR44 as highly expressed and specific to the beta cells of the pancreas. The selective GPR44 antagonist MK-7246 was radiolabeled with carbon-11 and the resulting positron-emission tomography (PET) tracer [11C]MK-7246 was evaluated in a pig model and in vitro cell lines. The [11C]MK-7246 compound demonstrated mainly hepatobiliary excretion with a clearly defined pancreas, no spillover from adjacent tissues, and pancreatic binding similar in magnitude to the previously evaluated GPR44 radioligand [11C]AZ12204657. The binding could be blocked by preadministration of nonradioactive MK-7246, indicating a receptor-binding mechanism. [11C]MK-7246 showed strong potential as a PET ligand candidate for visualization of beta-cell mass (BCM) and clinical translation of this methodology is ongoing.
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42
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Bertschi NL, Bazzini C, Schlapbach C. The Concept of Pathogenic TH2 Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2021. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2021; 182:365-380. [PMID: 33845475 DOI: 10.1159/000515144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (TH) cells have evolved into distinct subsets that mediate specific immune responses to protect the host against a myriad of infectious and noninfectious challenges. However, if dysregulated, TH-cell subsets can cause inflammatory disease. Emerging evidence now suggests that human allergic disease is caused by a distinct subpopulation of pathogenic TH2 cells. Pathogenic TH2 cells from different type-2-driven diseases share a core phenotype and show overlapping functional attributes. The unique differentiation requirements, activating signals, and metabolic characteristics of pathogenic TH2 cells are just being discovered. A better knowledge of this particular TH2 cell population will enable the specific targeting of disease-driving pathways in allergy. In this review, we introduce a rational for classifying TH cells into distinct subsets, discuss the current knowledge on pathogenic TH2 cells, and summarize their involvement in allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Bertschi
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Bazzini
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Schlapbach
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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43
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Huang LA, Huang KX, Tu J, Kandeel F, Li J. Ramatroban-Based Analogues Containing Fluorine Group as Potential 18F-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography (PET) G-Protein Coupled Receptor 44 (GPR44) Tracers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051433. [PMID: 33800801 PMCID: PMC7961607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes remains one of the fastest growing chronic diseases and is a leading source of morbidity and accelerated mortality in the world. Loss of beta cell mass (BCM) and decreased sensitivity to insulin underlie diabetes pathogenesis. Yet, the ability to safely and directly assess BCM in individuals with diabetes does not exist. Measures such as blood glucose provide only a crude indirect picture of beta cell health. PET imaging could, in theory, allow for safe, direct, and precise characterization of BCM. However, identification of beta cell-specific radiolabeled tracers remains elusive. G-protein coupled receptor 44 (GPR44) is a transmembrane protein that was characterized in 2012 as highly beta cell-specific within the insulin-positive islets of Langerhans. Accordingly, radiolabeling of existing GPR44 antagonists could be a viable method to accelerate PET tracer development. The present study aims to evaluate and summarize published analogues of the GPR44 antagonist ramatroban to develop 18F-labeled PET tracers for BCM analysis. The 77 corresponding ramatroban analogues containing a fluorine nuclide were characterized for properties including binding affinity, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile, and 32 compounds with favorable properties were identified. This review illustrates the potential of GPR44 analogues for the development of PET tracers.
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44
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Hon KL, Li JTS, Leung AKC, Lee VWY. Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for chronic spontaneous Urticaria: a focus on non-biological therapeutics. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:497-509. [PMID: 32990110 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1829593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) refers to urticaria (wheals) or angioedema, which occur for a period of six weeks or longer without an apparent cause. The condition may impair the patient's quality of life. AREAS COVERED Treatment for CSU is mainly symptomatic. Both AAAAI/ACAAI practice parameters and EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/WAO guidelines suggest CSU management in a stepwise manner. First-line therapy is with second-generation H1-antihistamines. Treatment should be stepped up along the algorithm if symptoms are not adequately controlled. Increasing the dosage of second-generation H1-antihistamines, with the addition of first-generation H1-antihistamines, H2 antagonist, omalizumab, ciclosporin A, or short-term corticosteroid may be necessary. New medications are being developed to treat refractory CSU. They include spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, prostaglandin D2 receptor inhibitor, H4-antihistamine, and other agents. The authors discuss these treatments and provide expert perspectives on the management of CSU. EXPERT OPINION Second-generation H1-antihistamines remain the first-line therapeutic options for the management of CSU. For patients not responding to higher-dose H1-antihistamines, international guidelines recommend the addition of omalizumab. Efficacy and safety data for newer agents are still pending. Large-scale, well-designed, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials will further provide evidence on the safety profile and efficacy of these agents in patients with CSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong & Department of Paediatrics and adolescent Medicine, the Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce T S Li
- Centre for Learning Enhancement and Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alexander K C Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary and The Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vivian W Y Lee
- Centre for Learning Enhancement and Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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45
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Aukema HM. Prostaglandins as potential targets for the treatment of polycystic kidney disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102220. [PMID: 33285393 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is characterized by the proliferation of fluid-filled kidney cysts that enlarge over time, causing damage to the surrounding kidney and ultimately resulting in kidney failure. Both increased cell proliferation and fluid secretion are stimulated by increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in PKD kidneys, so many treatments for the disease target cAMP lowering. Prostaglandins (PG) levels are elevated in multiple animal models of PKD and mediate many of their effects by elevating cAMP levels. Inhibiting the production of PG with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitors reduces PG levels and reduces disease progression. However, COX inhibitors also block beneficial PG and can cause nephrotoxicity. In an orthologous model of the main form of PKD, PGD2 and PGI2 were the two PG highest in kidneys and most affected by a COX2 inhibitor. Future studies are needed to determine whether specific blockage of PGD2 and/or PGI2 activity would lead to more targeted and effective treatments with fewer undesirable side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Pang J, Qi X, Luo Y, Li X, Shu T, Li B, Song M, Liu Y, Wei D, Chen J, Wang J, Wang C. Multi-omics study of silicosis reveals the potential therapeutic targets PGD 2 and TXA 2. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2381-2394. [PMID: 33500731 PMCID: PMC7797695 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Silicosis is a severe occupational lung disease. Current treatments for silicosis have highly limited availability (i.e., lung transplantation) or, do not effectively prolong patient survival time (i.e., lung lavage). There is thus an urgent clinical need for effective drugs to retard the progression of silicosis. Methods: To systematically characterize the molecular changes associated with silicosis and to discover potential therapeutic targets, we conducted a transcriptomics analysis of human lung tissues acquired during transplantation, which was integrated with transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of silicosis mouse lungs. The results from the multi-omics analyses were then verified by qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The effect of Ramatroban on the progression of silicosis was evaluated in a silica-induced mouse model. Results: Wide metabolic alterations were found in lungs from both human patients and mice with silicosis. Targeted metabolite quantification and validation of expression of their synthases revealed that arachidonic acid (AA) pathway metabolites, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), were significantly up-regulated in silicosis lungs. We further examined the effect of Ramatroban, a clinical antagonist of both PGD2 and TXA2 receptors, on treating silicosis using a mouse model. The results showed that Ramatroban significantly alleviated silica-induced pulmonary inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiopulmonary dysfunction compared with the control group. Conclusion: Our results revealed the importance of AA metabolic reprogramming, especially PGD2 and TXA2 in the progression of silicosis. By blocking the receptors of these two prostanoids, Ramatroban may be a novel potential therapeutic drug to inhibit the progression of silicosis.
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DP1 prostanoid receptor activation increases the severity of an acute lower respiratory viral infection in mice via TNF-α-induced immunopathology. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:963-972. [PMID: 33879829 PMCID: PMC8057290 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a leading cause of infant hospitalization and mortality. We previously identified that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), released following RSV infection of primary human airway epithelial cells or pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) infection of neonatal mice, elicits pro- or antiviral innate immune responses as a consequence of D-type prostanoid receptor 2 (DP2) or DP1 activation, respectively. Here, we sought to determine whether treatment with the DP1 agonist BW245c decreases the severity of bronchiolitis in PVM-infected neonatal mice. Consistent with previous findings, BW245c treatment increased IFN-λ production and decreased viral load in week 1 of the infection. However, unexpectedly, BW245c treatment increased mortality in week 2 of the infection. This increased morbidity was associated with viral spread to the parenchyma, an increased cellular infiltrate of TNF-α-producing cells (neutrophils, monocytes, and CD4+ T cells), and the heightened production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. These phenotypes, as well as the increased mortality, were significantly attenuated following the administration of anti-TNF-α to PVM-infected, BW245c-treated mice. In summary, pharmacological activation of the DP1 receptor in PVM-infected neonatal mice boosts antiviral innate and adaptive immunity, however, this is ultimately detrimental, as a consequence of increased TNF-α-induced morbidity and mortality.
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Sokolowska M, Rovati GE, Diamant Z, Untersmayr E, Schwarze J, Lukasik Z, Sava F, Angelina A, Palomares O, Akdis CA, O’Mahony L, Sanak M, Dahlen S, Woszczek G. Current perspective on eicosanoids in asthma and allergic diseases: EAACI Task Force consensus report, part I. Allergy 2021; 76:114-130. [PMID: 32279330 DOI: 10.1111/all.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are biologically active lipid mediators, comprising prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and lipoxins, involved in several pathophysiological processes relevant to asthma, allergies, and allied diseases. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are the most studied eicosanoids and established inducers of airway pathophysiology including bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation. Drugs inhibiting the synthesis of lipid mediators or their effects, such as leukotriene synthesis inhibitors, leukotriene receptors antagonists, and more recently prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists, have been shown to modulate features of asthma and allergic diseases. This review, produced by an European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) task force, highlights our current understanding of eicosanoid biology and its role in mediating human pathology, with a focus on new findings relevant for clinical practice, development of novel therapeutics, and future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - G. Enrico Rovati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Zuzana Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skane University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Thomayer Hospital Prague Czech Republic
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Jargen Schwarze
- Child Life and Health and Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Zuzanna Lukasik
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Florentina Sava
- London North Genomic Laboratory Hub Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne ‐ Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE) Davos Switzerland
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Sven‐Erik Dahlen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Allergy Research Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
| | - Grzegorz Woszczek
- MRC/Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences King's College London London UK
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Singh D, Bassi M, Balzano D, Lucci G, Emirova A, Anna Nandeuil M, Jellema G, Afolabi EK, Leaker B, Kornmann O, Michael Beeh K, Watz H, Govoni M. COPD patients with chronic bronchitis and higher sputum eosinophil counts show increased type-2 and PDE4 gene expression in sputum. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:905-918. [PMID: 33295083 PMCID: PMC7812250 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with higher eosinophil counts are associated with increased clinical response to phosphodiesterase‐4‐inhibitors (PDE4i). However, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms associated with this increased response is not yet elucidated. This post hoc analysis focused on sputum gene expression in patients with chronic bronchitis who underwent 32‐day treatment with two doses of the inhaled PDE4i CHF6001 (tanimilast) or placebo on top of triple therapy. Biological characterization and treatment effects were assessed between patients with different sputum eosinophil levels (eosinophilhigh ≥ 3%; eosinophillow < 3%) at baseline (primary samples) or at the end of the treatment of the placebo arm (validation samples). Forty‐one genes were differentially expressed in primary samples (p‐adjusted for false discovery rate < 0.05); all up‐regulated in eosinophilhigh patients and functionally enriched for type‐2 and PDE4 inflammatory processes. Eleven out of nineteen genes having immune system biological processes annotations including IL5RA, ALOX15, IL1RL1, CLC, GATA1 and PDE4D were replicated using validation samples. The expression of a number of these inflammatory mediators was reduced by tanimilast treatment, with greater effects observed in eosinophilhigh patients. These findings suggest that type‐2 and PDE4 overexpression in COPD patients with higher sputum eosinophil counts contribute to the differential clinical response to PDE4i observed in previous clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Singh
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Hospital Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Aida Emirova
- Global Clinical Development, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Kornmann
- IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Henrik Watz
- Pulmonary Research Institute at Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Mirco Govoni
- Global Clinical Development, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
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Brightling CE, Gaga M, Inoue H, Li J, Maspero J, Wenzel S, Maitra S, Lawrence D, Brockhaus F, Lehmann T, Brindicci C, Knorr B, Bleecker ER. Effectiveness of fevipiprant in reducing exacerbations in patients with severe asthma (LUSTER-1 and LUSTER-2): two phase 3 randomised controlled trials. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2020; 9:43-56. [PMID: 32979986 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fevipiprant, an oral antagonist of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 2, reduced sputum eosinophils and improved lung function in phase 2 trials of patients with asthma. We aimed to investigate whether fevipiprant reduces asthma exacerbations in patients with severe asthma. METHODS LUSTER-1 and LUSTER-2 were two phase 3 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, replicate 52-week studies; LUSTER-1 took place at 174 clinical sites in 25 countries and LUSTER 2 took place at 169 clinical sites in 19 countries. Fevipiprant or placebo was added to Global Initiative for Asthma Steps 4 and 5 therapy in adolescents and adults with severe asthma. Patients aged 12 years or older with uncontrolled asthma on dual or triple asthma therapy were randomly assigned by use of interactive response technology to one of three treatment groups (once-daily fevipiprant 150 mg, fevipiprant 450 mg, or placebo) in a 1:1:1 ratio within each of the randomisation strata: peripheral blood eosinophil counts (<250 cells per μL or ≥250 cells per μL), patient age (<18 years or ≥18 years), and use or non-use of oral corticosteroids as part of their standard of care asthma therapy. The primary efficacy endpoint was the annualised rate of moderate to severe asthma exacerbations with 150 mg or 450 mg doses of fevipiprant once daily compared with placebo over 52 weeks, in patients with high blood eosinophil counts (≥250 cells per μL) and in the overall study population. All patients who underwent randomisation and received at least one dose of study medication were included in efficacy and safety analyses. These trials are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02555683 (LUSTER-1) and NCT02563067 (LUSTER-2), and are complete and no longer recruiting. FINDINGS Between Dec 11, 2015, and Oct 25, 2018, 894 patients were randomly assigned to fevipiprant 150 mg (n=301), fevipiprant 450 mg (n=295), or placebo (n=298) in LUSTER-1. Between Dec 3, 2015, and July 10, 2018, 877 patients were randomly assigned to fevipiprant 150 mg (n=296), fevipiprant 450 mg (n=294), or placebo (n=287) in LUSTER-2. In the high eosinophil population, in LUSTER-1 the annualised rate ratio of moderate to severe exacerbations compared with placebo was 1·04 (95% CI 0·77-1·41) for fevipiprant 150 mg and 0·83 (0·61-1·14) for fevipiprant 450 mg, and in LUSTER-2 it was 0·69 (0·50-0·96) for fevipiprant 150 mg and 0·72 (0·52-1·01) for fevipiprant 450 mg. In the overall population, in LUSTER-1 the annualised rate ratio of moderate to severe exacerbations compared with placebo was 0·96 (95% CI 0·75-1·22) for fevipiprant 150 mg and 0·78 (0·61-1·01) for fevipiprant 450 mg and in LUSTER-2 it was 0·82 (0·62-1·07) for fevipiprant 150 mg and 0·76 (0·58-1·00) for fevipiprant 450 mg. In the overall pooled population of both studies, serious adverse events occurred in 53 (9%) patients in the fevipiprant 150 mg group, 50 (9%) in the fevipiprant 450 mg group, and 50 (9%) in the placebo group. Adverse events leading to death occurred in two (<1%) patients in the fevipiprant 450 mg group and three (<1%) in the placebo group. INTERPRETATION Although neither trial showed a statistically significant reduction in asthma exacerbations after adjusting for multiple testing, consistent and modest reductions in exacerbations rates were observed in both studies with the 450 mg dose of fevipiprant. FUNDING Novartis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Brightling
- Department of Respiratory Science, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Lung Health University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Mina Gaga
- 7th Respiratory Medicine Dept and Asthma Centre, Athens Chest Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - Hiromasa Inoue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jorge Maspero
- Fundación CIDEA (Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Alérgicas y Respiratorias), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sally Wenzel
- University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center-University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Knorr
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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