1
|
Carvalho RPR, Carvalho IRD, Costa RVD, Guimarães-Ervilha LO, Machado-Neves M. The effects of eugenol on histological, enzymatic, and oxidative parameters in the major salivary glands and pancreas of healthy male Wistar rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 154:105764. [PMID: 37454526 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of eugenol on histological, enzymatic, and oxidative parameters in the pancreas, parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands of healthy male rats. DESIGN Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were assigned into four groups (n = 6/group). Control rats received 2% Tween-20 (eugenol vehicle), whereas the other animals received 10, 20, and 40 mg kg-1 eugenol through gavage daily for 60 d. Major salivary and pancreatic glands were weighed and preserved fixed for microscopic analysis and frozen for in vitro assays. RESULTS Eugenol did not alter glands' weight and serum amylase activity regardless of the concentration. The highest dose of eugenol caused an increase in pancreatic amylase activity and a reduction of lipase activity from serum and pancreas. Eugenol at 40 mg kg-1 diminished the activity of SOD and FRAP in the submandibular gland and CAT and FRAP in the sublingual gland. However, it did not exert any effect on GST regardless of the gland. Additionally, 40 mg kg-1 eugenol increased MDA levels in pancreatic, parotid, and submandibular glands and NO levels in the sublingual. The concentrations of eugenol induced distinct responses in the glands regarding the activity of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and total ATPase activity. They also affected histomorphometrical and histochemistrical parameters in the submandibular gland only. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that 40 mg kg-1 eugenol altered most of the biochemical and oxidatived parameters of digestive glands. Only submandibular glands presented histological changes after eugenol exposure suggesting potential implications for its function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosiany Vieira da Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mehra S, Ahsan AU, Sharma M, Budhwar M, Chopra M. Neuroprotective Efficacy of Fisetin Against VPA-Induced Autistic Neurobehavioral Alterations by Targeting Dysregulated Redox Homeostasis. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:403-422. [PMID: 37261645 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition, and it's associated pathophysiology, viz., oxidative stress and altered cellular homeostasis, has been extensively intertwined with behavioral impairments. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress and redox cellular homeostasis could be beneficial in relieving autistic-like symptoms. For this purpose, we examined a library of nutraceutical compounds that led us to a bioflavonoid fisetin. Autism-like neurobehavior was induced by subjecting the pregnant rodents to valproic acid at the time of neural tube closure (GD12.5). In this novel study, fisetin was evaluated for its neuroprotective potential at gestational (GD13 until delivery) and post-weaning developmental windows (PND 23-32) in VPA-induced rodent model of autism. Developmental VPA exposure increased intracellular ROS production, oxidative stress, altered AChE and ATPases in brain regions, and induced autistic-like behavioral impairments (social, repetitive, stereotyped, and sensorimotor). The present findings suggested that gestational and post-weaning fisetin treatment significantly improved the behavioral impairments by attenuating elevated oxidative stress, ROS, lipid peroxidation, and re-establishing redox homeostasis. Also, it effectively reinstated the reduced levels of endogenous antioxidants, glutathione, AChE, and ATPases by its antioxidant potential. Therefore, fisetin with its properties could be used as a potential therapeutic agent in overcoming the symptoms associated with autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweety Mehra
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Aitizaz Ul Ahsan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Muskan Budhwar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mani Chopra
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Seshadri VD, Jiang Q. Ameliorative Effects of Ponicidin Against the Isoproterenol-induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221139010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of heart disorders, which is a major cause of noncommunicable disease-related mortalities worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute disorder due to the poor supply of oxygen and blood to the myocardium. MI is the foremost form of CVD, which is the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Objectives Here, we intended to discover the ameliorative properties of the ponicidin against the isoproterenol (ISO)-stimulated MI in rats. Methodology About 85 mg/kg of ISO was administered to the rats to trigger the MI and then treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg of ponicidin. The body weight and heart weight of all rats were determined. The total protein, c-reactive protein (CRP), and uric acid levels were examined. The activities of cardiac function markers such as creatine kinase (CK), ALT, AST, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were examined. The antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH), GST, and GPx were examined by the previous methods. The status of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase activities was assessed using kits. The status of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions and inflammatory makers such as TNF-α and IL-6 were investigated using respective kits. The histopathological analysis was performed on the heart tissues to detect the histological changes. Results The results revealed that ponicidin increased body weight and decreased heart weight in MI rats. The status of CRP and uric acid was decreased and total protein was augmented in the ponicidin-treated MI rats. The AST, ALT, CK, and GGT activities were appreciably decreased in serum and elevated in the cardiac tissues of the ponicidin-administered MI rats. Furthermore, the ponicidin improved the antioxidant levels, decreased the TNF-α and IL-6, and regulated the Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ion transports in the MI rats. The activities of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase enzymes were remarkably increased in the heart tissues by the ponicidin-treated MI rats. Ponicidin treatment also ameliorated the ISO-stimulated histological alterations in the heart tissue of the MI rats. Conclusion Ponicidin treatment appreciably improved the antioxidants, Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase enzyme activities, decreased the inflammatory markers, and regulated the cardiac marker enzyme activities in the MI rats. Hence, it can be a talented therapeutic candidate in the future to treat MI.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lian W, Liu S, Li Y, Wang L, Gong J. Celastrol Improves Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Failure by Reducing Inflammation, Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. INT J PHARMACOL 2023. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2023.89.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Puvula J, Maddu N, Gutam N, Parimal A, Raghavendra PB. The role of pyrethroid derivatives in autophagy and apoptosis crosstalk signaling and potential risk for malignancies. Oncotarget 2022; 13:1323-1340. [PMID: 36528879 PMCID: PMC9760267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrethroids and its derivatives widespread and uncontrolled continuous use has influenced multiple deleterious effects resulting in as a potential risk factor causing damage to the organ systems. Allethrin and prallethrin are extensively used yet their influences on human primary cells are very limited or under reported. The potential mechanisms by which allethrin and prallethrin modulates human primary cells, especially the molecular mechanisms or interconnectivity of autophagy-apoptosis, their clinical relevance in human subjects or patients are not well defined. In this current study, we've furnished the evidence that both allethrin and prallethrin user samples significantly induced Ccl2 mRNA expression, increased amount of reactive oxygen intermediate, inhibited membrane bound enzymes and altered membrane fluidity. Pyrethroid derivative users had induced levels of lipid peroxidation and induced binding activities of transcription factors(tfs) like CEBP-β and NF-AT. Pyrethroid derivatives induced autophagy, elicited intracellular Ca2+ concentration, calcineurin and regulated proapoptotic genes, DAPK1, Bim. Our current study presumably comprises the initial investigation of a very new mechanism of pyrethroid derivatives-moderated programed cell death in various cell sets or types, like human primary cells where-in this is a late event, is documented. Hence, current research-study might be significant in the various pyrethroid derivatives-allied hematological-related cancers and immunosuppressant or auto-immune disorders. In the foremost instance, we present data stating that pyrethroid derivatives induces multiple cell signaling cascades, like CEBP-β, NF-AT, ERK and MAPK having a role in autophagy thereby; synchronously effectively impact on the apoptosis, therefore causing hematological tumors and toxic or immune related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Puvula
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Narendra Maddu
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India,*These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Nagajothi Gutam
- 2Department Corporate Secretaryship-Biostatistics, Queen Mary’s College, Chennai 600004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asha Parimal
- 3School of Regenerative Medicine (SORM) - Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be Manipal University, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Pongali B. Raghavendra
- 3School of Regenerative Medicine (SORM) - Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be Manipal University, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India,4National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani 741251, West Bengal, India,Correspondence to:Pongali B. Raghavendra, email:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Seth E, Chopra M. Neuroprotective efficacy of berberine following developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos in F1 generation of Wistar rats: Apoptosis-autophagy interplay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155292. [PMID: 35439518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate insecticide commonly used in agriculture and household applications, is considered a developmental neurotoxicant. This study aimed to explain the neuroprotective role of Berberine (BBR) against CPF-induced autophagy dysfunction and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing hippocampus. F1 generation of Wistar rats was exposed to CPF (3 mg/kg b.wt.) and co-treated with BBR (10 mg/kg b.wt) in two different exposure regimens, gestational (GD9-12 and GD17-21) and lactational (PND1-20). Our results demonstrated that CPF intoxication instigated cognitive and neurobehavioral impairment, oxidant-antioxidant imbalance, and histomorphological alterations in CA1, CA3, and DG regions of the offsprings. Furthermore, mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (caspase3 and Bax) was upregulated, and that of anti-apoptotic BCl2 was downregulated. In addition, exposure to CPF also activated the autophagy inhibitor (mTOR) transcription and subsequently downregulated the expression of autophagy markers beclin1 and LC3-II. In contrast, gestational and lactational co-treatment of BBR significantly upregulated the enzymatic anti-oxidant bar of the hippocampus and attenuated histological alterations. Moreover, BBR co-treatments reduced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the hippocampal region by regulating the expression of apoptotic genes and upregulated the levels of autophagy, confirmed by ultrastructural studies, decreased gene expression and immunostaining of mTOR and increased, and increased expression gene expression and immunostaining of LC3-II positive cells. Our results confirm that treatment with BBR induces autophagy, which plays a neuroprotective role in CPF-induced developmental neuronal apoptosis in the F1 generation of Wistar rats by regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Era Seth
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mani Chopra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aoiadni N, Chiab N, Jdidi H, Gargouri Bouzid R, El Feki A, Fetoui H, Ghorbel Koubaa F. The pyrethroid insecticide permethrin confers hepatotoxicity through DNA damage and mitochondria-associated apoptosis induction in rat: Palliative benefits of Fumaria officinalis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23172. [PMID: 35861702 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Permethrin (PER) is a pyrethroid pesticide that is extensively used as an insecticide in world because of its high activity and its low mammalian toxicity. The current study was conducted to investigate the protective action of Fumaria officinalis against PER-induced liver injury in male rats. However, HPLC-DAD showed the richness of 6 components in F. officinalis (F) including quercetin, ferulic acid, and naringenin which were the most abundant. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were studied by phytochemical screening. In vitro, antioxidant properties showed that F. officinalis exhibited the highest DPPH radical, FRAP, and H2 O2 tests and total antioxidant capacity. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: negative control group (C), positive control group (F) (200 mg F. officinalis/kg BW), PER group (34.05 mg permethrin/kg BW), and PER + F group (34.05 mg permethrin/kg BW and 200 mg F. officinalis/kg BW). Oral administration of PER led to promote a decrease of body weight and Ca2+ -ATPases and Mg2+ -ATPases activities and an increase of plasma C-reactive protein level, transaminases, and hepatic ϒ-GT activities as well as hepatic and mitochondrial oxidative stress. An increase in plasma lactate-to pyruvate ratio and a reduction in complexes enzymes I, III, and IV activities were also observed. In addition, histoarchitecture of liver in PER-treated rats showed apoptosis and necrosis as confirmed by DNA fragmentation. F. officinalis significantly exerted hepatoprotective effect by modulating hepatic alteration and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as genotoxicity. This effect could be attributed to phenolics compounds such as polyphenols, condensed tannins, and flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nissaf Aoiadni
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nour Chiab
- Laboratory of Plant improvement and Agri-Resources Valorization, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhia Gargouri Bouzid
- Laboratory of Plant improvement and Agri-Resources Valorization, National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LR17ES06), Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
High doses of eugenol cause structural and functional damage to the rat liver. Life Sci 2022; 304:120696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
9
|
ul haq Shah MZ, Soni M, Shrivastava VK, Mir MA, Muzamil S. Gallic acid reverses ovarian disturbances in mice with letrozole-induced PCOS via modulating Adipo R1 expression. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1938-1949. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
10
|
Seth E, Ahsan AU, Kaushal S, Mehra S, Chopra M. Berberine affords protection against oxidative stress and apoptotic damage in F1 generation of wistar rats following lactational exposure to chlorpyrifos. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 179:104977. [PMID: 34802527 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (0,0-diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)-phosphorothioate; (CPF)) is a widely used lipophilic organophosphorus insecticide that primarily manifests into central and peripheral nervous system toxicity. However, it is poorly investigated as a developmental neurotoxicant and thus remains less explored for pharmacological interventions as well. Berberine (BBR) is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, primarily found in the plants of Berberidaceae family, and is used for the synthesis of several bioactive derivatives. The goal of this study was to evaluate the CPF-induced neuronal damage through lactational route and analyze the neuroprotective efficacy of berberine (BBR), a potent antioxidant compound in the F1 generation. The environmentally relevant dose of CPF (3 mg/kg b.wt.) was administered via gavage to pregnant dams from postnatal day 1 to day 20 (PND 1-20). BBR (10 mg/kg b.wt.) was administered concurrently with CPF for the same duration as a co-treatment. Levels of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, membrane bound ATPases (Na+K+ATPase, Ca2+ATPase, and Mg2+ATPase), DNA damage, histomorphological alterations, cellular apoptosis were increased, and activities of glutathione reductase, endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST, and GR) were decreased in cerebellum and cerebrum regions of CPF exposed pups. CPF triggered neuronal apoptosis by upregulating Bax and caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. Co-treatment of BBR significantly attenuated these effects of CPF signifying oxidative stress mediated chlorpyrifos induced neuronal apoptosis. Berberine treatment ameliorated the CPF-induced downregulation of Bcl-2, Bax translocation, and up-regulation of caspase-3 in F1 pups. Therefore, BBR owing to its multiple pharmacological properties can be further explored for its therapeutic potential as an alternative neuroprotective agent against lactational exposure of chlorpyrifos-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Era Seth
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Aitizaz Ul Ahsan
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Surbhi Kaushal
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sweety Mehra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mani Chopra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kaur P, Shergill R, Mehta RG, Singh B, Arora S. Biofunctional significance of multi-herbal combination against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61021-61046. [PMID: 34165748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A multi-herbal combination (MHC) of five herbs, namely Punica granatum L., Putranjiva roxburghii Wall., Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers and Trigonella corniculata L. was assessed against the paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in female Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assorted into seven groups with six animals in each group. The rats were pre-treated with MHC (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw) and silymarin (50 mg/kg bw) once daily for seven consecutive days via oral route followed by administration of paracetamol (3 g/kg bw) on day 7, an hour after the last administration of MHC and silymarin. It was observed that MHC administration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) overturned the paracetamol-induced increase in serum liver function biomarkers (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin), phase I reaction enzymes (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase), and oxidant biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides, and protein content). MHC administration also reinstated the paracetamol-induced significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in haematological indices (haematocrit, haemoglobin, red and white blood cells, and platelets), phase II reaction enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and DT-diaphorase), membrane-bound enzymes (Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase), and antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). Overall, MHC at 200 mg/kg bw dose significantly (p ≤ 0.05) sheltered the red blood cells from the assault of free radicals, stabilized the structural and functional integrity of hepatocytes, hindered acetaminophen (APAP) biotransformation to its toxic metabolites, and endorsed conjugating abilities to detoxify toxic entities. Furthermore, MHC significantly (p ≤ 0.05) activated enzymatic machinery to scavenge/inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, regulated nucleic acid metabolism, surface potential, and membrane fluidity, attenuated tissue breakdown, quenched peroxyl radicals, and provided protection against tissue injury. The necroinflammatory scores revealed strong evidence of MHC (200 mg/kg bw) effectiveness against the paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats at p ≤ 0.05. The synergistic effect of major inherent phytoconstituents (kaempferol, ellagic acid, and gallic acid), detected by HPLC-PDA, in MHC might have overturned the paracetamol-induced biochemical toxic alterations in rat liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Robin Shergill
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
- Khalsa College for Women, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002, India.
| | - Rajendra G Mehta
- Cancer Biology Division, IIT Research Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Purushothaman B, Sumathi T. Research Paper5,6,7 trihydroxy flavone armoured neurodegeneration caused by Quinolinic acid induced huntington's like disease in rat striatum - reinstating the level of brain neurotrophins with special reference to cognitive-socio behaviour, biochemical and histopathological aspects. Neurosci Res 2021; 174:25-35. [PMID: 34416310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Huntington Disease (HD), a predominant Neurodegenerative Disorder which might be induced by endogenous neurotoxin called Quinolinic Acid (QA), an N-methyl-D aspartate receptor (NMDAR) agonist, the bilaterally intrastriatal administration (200 nm/2 μL of saline) offers rise to the toxic events like neuronal death, neuroinflammation by inflicting excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in the striatum of male Wistar rats by exhibiting the behavioural changes which was accessed by rotarod, open field analysis. In this study, the neuropharmacological effect of Baicalein (BC) against QA induced HD was evaluated. Baicalein (BC), scientifically 5,6,7 trihydroxy flavone present naturally in the edible plants like Scutellaria baicalensis and Oroxylum indicum possess a better neuroprotective effect in the dosage of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally in the striatum of HD induced rats. This study proved that BC is efficient to revive the level of enzymatic & non-enzymatic antioxidants and mitochondrial complexes by decreasing the number of inflammatory mediators such as MDA, protein carbonyls and Nitric Oxide at the significance of P < 0.01 and restores the amount of BDNF and GDNF thereby preventing the neurophysiological changes which were analysed by haematoxylin & eosin staining. Thus finally, the protective effect of Baicalein displays the up-gradation of psychological and behavioural changes induced by QA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Purushothaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangarajan Sumathi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brahmi N, Hamed H, Kallel C, Elleuch A, Ayadi FM, Allagui MS. Modulatory Effect of Chaetomorpha gracilis on Erythrocytes Functions and Metabolic Disorders in Mice Fed a High-cholesterol Diet. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:837-848. [PMID: 34078760 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was carried out to estimate the protective effect of methanolic extract of Chaetomorpha gracilis (MECG) against High Cholesterol Diet (HCD) induced erythrocyte damage in mice. The results of the in vitro assay showed that MECG have higher antioxidant capacities in the DPPH, TAC, ABTS, NBT, NO. inhibition assays. The HPLC analysis confirmed that this potential antioxidant seems to be due to the active compounds, in particular polyphenols, flavonoids. HCD promoted oxidative stress with a rise the level of malonaldehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) levels and a significant decrease of the Vitamin C content, as well the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, HCD treatment caused significant lipid profile disorders via increase the cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels and reduction HDL-Ch level. A statistically significant decrease of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ATPase activities accompanied with a severe damage in the erythrocytes structure and hematological parameters alterations were also noted in hypercholesterolemic mice. Pre-treatment with MECG significantly restored biochemical markers and pathological lesions. It can be suggest that supplementation of MECG displays high potential to quench free radicals and attenuates high cholesterol diet induced erythrocytes oxidative stress and related damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura Brahmi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax
| | - Houda Hamed
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oyovwi MO, Ben-Azu B, Tesi EP, Oyeleke AA, Uruaka CI, Rotu RA, Aya-Ebi EO. Repeated endosulfan exposure induces changes in neurochemicals, decreases ATPase transmembrane ionic-pumps, and increased oxidative/nitrosative stress in the brains of rats: Reversal by quercetin. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 175:104833. [PMID: 33993958 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neurochemical and ATPase deregulations play important role in toxicant-induced neurodegeneration. Previous studies have shown that loss of ATPase ionic-pumps alters neurochemical balance via increased ammonia, oxidative and nitrosative stress. Thus, this study investigated the ameliorative potentials of quercetin on neurochemical, ATPase changes, hyperammonemia and oxidative/nitrosative status in the brains of Wistar rats exposed to endosulfan, a known toxic environmental pesticide that is casually used in many developing countries. Adult rats were divided into five treatment groups (n = 5). Groups 1-2 received normal saline and corn oil (vehicle) (10 mL/kg/day), group 3 received quercetin (20 mg/kg/day) orally for 28 days consecutively. However, animals in groups 4-5 were given endosulfan (5 mg/kg/day, p.o) for 28 days. But, from the 14th to 28th day, group 4 additionally received vehicle (10 mL/kg/day, p.o.), while group 5 was treated with quercetin (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Thereafter, brain levels of neurochemicals, ATPase activities, ammonia and oxidative/nitrosative stress were investigated by employing standardized biochemical assay protocols. Quercetin increased endosulfan-induced decreased levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, GABA, and decreased elevated concentrations of glutamate and serotonin. Quercetin normalized the increased levels of acetylcholinesterase and ammonia. Furthermore, quercetin significantly reversed the decrease in Na+/K+, Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activities induced by endosulfan. Also, quercetin increased superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and reduced nitrite and peroxynitrite levels in brains of rats. These findings further provide evidence of the ameliorative potential of quercetin against endosulfan-induced neurotoxicity via attenuation of neurochemical, ATPase changes, and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, ammonia release and oxidative/nitrosative stress in rat brains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mega O Oyovwi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
| | - Edesiri P Tesi
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Abioye A Oyeleke
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Christian I Uruaka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Rotu A Rotu
- Department of Industrial safety and Environmental Management, School of Maritime Technology, Burutu, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Eneni Okubo Aya-Ebi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Meeran MFN, Laham F, Azimullah S, Sharma C, Al Kaabi AJ, Tariq S, Adeghate E, Goyal SN, Ojha S. β-Caryophyllene, a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene attenuates β-adrenergic agonist-induced myocardial injury in a cannabinoid receptor-2 dependent and independent manner. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:348-366. [PMID: 33588052 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The downregulation of cannabinoid type-2 receptors (CB2R) have been reported in numerous diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The activation of CB2R has recently emerged as an important therapeutic target to mitigate myocardial injury. We examined whether CB2R activation can protect against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury (MI) in rats. In the present study, we investigated the cardioprotective effect of β-caryophyllene (BCP), a naturally occurring dietary cannabinoid in rat model of MI. Rats were pre- and co-treated with BCP (50 mg/kg, orally) twice daily for 10 days along with subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 h for two days (9th and 10th days). AM630 (1 mg/kg), a CB2 receptor antagonist, was injected intraperitoneal as a pharmacological challenge prior to BCP treatment to reveal CB2R-mediated cardioprotective mechanisms of BCP. Desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling, receptor phosphorylation and recruitment of adapter β-arrestins were observed in ISO-induced MI in rats. ISO injections caused impaired cardiac function, elevated the levels of serum cardiac marker enzymes, and enhanced oxidative stress markers along with altered PI3K/Akt and NrF2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathways. ISO also promoted lysosomal dysfunction along with activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4-NFκB/MAPK signaling and triggered rise in proinflammatory cytokines. There was a concomitant mitochondrial dysfunction followed by the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated Hippo signaling and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis as well as altered autophagic flux/mTOR signaling in ISO-induced MI. Furthermore, ISO also triggered dyslipidemia evidenced by altered lipids, lipoproteins and lipid marker enzymes along with ionic homeostasis malfunction. However, treatment with BCP resulted in significant protective effects on all biochemical and molecular parameters analyzed. The cardioprotective effects were further strengthened by preservation of cardiomyocytes and cell organelles as observed in histopathological and ultrastructural studies. Interestingly, treatment with AM630, a CB2R antagonist was observed to abrogate the protective effects of BCP on the biochemical and molecular parameters except hyperlipidemia and ionic homeostasis in ISO-induced MI in rats. The present study findings demonstrate that BCP possess the potential to protect myocardium against ISO-induced MI in a CB2-dependent and independent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Laham
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sheikh Azimullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Juma Al Kaabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Tariq
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meeran MFN, Azimullah S, Adeghate E, Ojha S. Nootkatone attenuates myocardial oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:153405. [PMID: 33636578 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is a lethal manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and subsequent cell death are known to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of MI. Despite tremendous developments in interventional cardiology, there is need for novel drugs for the prevention and treatment of MI. For the development of novel drugs, usage of natural products has gained attention as a therapeutic approach for ischemic myocardial injury. Among many popular plant-derived compounds, Nootkatone (NKT), a natural bioactive sesquiterpene, abundantly found in grapefruit, has attracted attention for its plausible health benefits and pharmacological properties. PURPOSE The present study investigated the cardioprotective effects of NKT in rats against MI induced by isoproterenol (ISO), a synthetic catecholamine and β-adrenergic agonist that produces MI in a physiologically relevant manner. METHODS MI was induced in male Wistar albino rats by subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg body weight) on 9th and 10th day. Rats were pre- and co-treated with NKT (10 mg/kg) through daily oral administration for eleven days. RESULTS ISO-induced MI was characterized by a significant decline in cardiac function, increased serum levels of cardiomyocyte injury markers, enhanced oxidative stress, and altered PI3K/Akt and NrF2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathways. ISO also elevated the levels of myocardial pro-inflammatory cytokines, promoted lysosomal dysfunction, altered TLR4-NFκB/MAPK signaling, and triggered intrinsic apoptotic pathway in heart tissues. However, NKT administration significantly restored or modulated majority of the altered biochemical and molecular parameters in ISO-treated rats. Furthermore, histopathological observations confirmed the myocardial restoring effect of NKT. CONCLUSION The present study concludes the cardioprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of NKT against ISO-induced MI in rats, and suggests that NKT or plants containing NKT could be an alternative to cardioprotective agents in ischemic heart diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Sheikh Azimullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box - 17666, Al Ain, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aoiadni N, Ayadi H, Jdidi H, Naifar M, Maalej S, Makni FA, El Feki A, Fetoui H, Koubaa FG. Flavonoid-rich fraction attenuates permethrin-induced toxicity by modulating ROS-mediated hepatic oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction ex vivo and in vivo in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9290-9312. [PMID: 33136269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the antioxidant, anti-microbial, and hepatoprotective potentials of flavonoid-rich fractions from Fumaria officinalis against permethrin-induced liver damage ex vivo/in vivo in rat. However, HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the richness of 6 components in ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) where ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and myricetin are the most abundant. The in vitro assays showed that EAFs have impressive antioxidant and anti-microbial properties. Ex vivo, permethrin (PER) (100 μM) induced a decrease of hepatic AST and ALT activities and 25-OH vitamin D and vitamin C levels and an increase of ALP and LDH activities, TBARS, and ϒ-GT levels with a disturbance of oxidative status. The hepatoprotective effect of EAF (1 mg/mL) against PER was confirmed by the amelioration of oxidative stress profile. In vivo, permethrin was found to increase absolute and relative liver weights, plasma transaminase activities, lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, hepatic and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation levels. This pesticide triggered a decrease of Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases and mitochondrial enzyme activities. The co-treatment with EAF reestablished the hepatic and mitochondrial function, which could be attributed to its richness in phenolic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nissaf Aoiadni
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Houda Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Naifar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Maalej
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao C, Yang Y, An Y, Yang B, Li P. Cardioprotective role of phyllanthin against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation with increased adenosine triphosphate levels in the mice model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:33-44. [PMID: 32798296 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease is an imperative cause of high morbidity and mortality globally. The cardiac ischemia/reperfusion damage occur in both reperfusion and ischemia. OBJECTIVE In this exploration, we have planned to examine the cardio-protective action of phyllanthin against the myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury (MI-RI) stimulated via coronary artery occlusion, followed by the 10 mg/kg of phyllanthin treatment. The serum cardiac markers and pro-inflammatory markers level was investigated by using the assay kits. The expressions of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers level were investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and ATPase levels level was examined by standard methods. The expression of oxidative stress markers were inspected by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique. The heart histology was investigated microscopically. RESULTS The phyllanthin treatment increased the body weight, and heart weight also diminished the infarct size in the MI/RI mice. Cardiac markers status was diminished and the blood pressure markers were augmented by the phyllanthin. Histological analysis revealed the protective role of phyllanthin. Suppressed lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant enzymes were noted in the phyllanthin treated mice MI-RI mice. Phyllanthin appreciably suppressed the pro-inflammatory regulators that is, NF-αB p65, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and enhanced the antioxidant marker expressions. ATPase levels were improved by the phyllanthin in the MI-RI mice. CONCLUSION These novel findings were confirmed the therapeutic role of phyllanthin against the MI-RI in mice. Hence, it can be a promising agent to treat the MI-RI induced cardiac dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Singaravelu A, Venkatachalam K, Jayaraj RL, Jayabalan P, Nadanam S. Morin treatment for acute ethanol exposure in rats. Biotech Histochem 2020; 96:230-241. [PMID: 32597243 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1785548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol intoxication increases oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory proteins, which cause neurodegeneration. Morin is a natural flavonoid obtained from plants of the Moraceae family that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anticancer and cardioprotective properties. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of morin on ethanol intoxicated rats. Rats exposed to ethanol exhibit increased cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, and lipid oxidative byproducts, and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and membrane ATPase. We found that ethanol increased activation of microglia and astrocytes in the brain. Administration of morin to rats exposed to ethanol significantly decreased lipid oxidative byproducts, enhanced antioxidant enzymes, normalized lipid levels and decreased microglia and astrocyte activation. Morin exhibits neuroprotective properties against ethanol intoxication by increasing the antioxidant defense mechanism and decreasing the inflammatory response caused by neuroglia and astrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anbu Singaravelu
- PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Tirupattur, India
| | - Karthikkumar Venkatachalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard L Jayaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Padma Jayabalan
- Government Seed Testing Laboratory, Vengikkal, Tiruvannamalai, India
| | - Saravanan Nadanam
- Division of Biochemistry, Rani Meyyammai College of Nursing, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Giribabu N, Karim K, Kilari EK, Nelli SR, Salleh N. Oral administration of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb leave aqueous extract ameliorates cerebral oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male rats with type-2 diabetes. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1599-1622. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
21
|
Modulation of Nrf2 by quercetin in doxorubicin-treated rats. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03803. [PMID: 32337383 PMCID: PMC7177035 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOXO), a potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agent, causes irreversible heart failure by increasing oxidative stress, which limits its clinical utility. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 -like 2 (Nrf2) is a prominent central regulator of cellular impenetrable to oxidants. The purpose of the study is to assess the ameliorative outcome of quercetin in cardiomyopathic rats induced by doxorubicin. Cardiomyopathy was produced in rats by single intraperitoneal weekly with DOXO (2 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The rats were divided into five groups: (I) control group; (II) DOXO (2 mg/kg, i.p.) group; (III-V) DOXO + quercetin (10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, orally), and were treated for 7 weeks. At the end of the treatment duration, cardiac function and biochemical parameters were assessed. Quercetin (10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, orally) treatment reduced the raised blood pressure (BP) and left ventricular dysfunction. Withal, it prevented the rise in CKMB and LDH, suggesting the effect of quercetin in the maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane Besides, it also prevented the alteration in electrolyte levels, the activity of ATPase, and antioxidant status. Quercetin increased Nrf2 mRNA expression and reduced histological abnormalities compared to the DOXO control group. In conclusion, quercetin protected against DOXO- induced cardiomyopathy, by increasing expression of NRF2, and thereby increasing antioxidant defense and restoring biochemical and histological abnormalities.
Collapse
|
22
|
Olaniyan OT, Bamidele O, Uche S, Femi A, Ayobami D, Ayoola O, Builders M, Mali PC. Ovarian Metabolic activity in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary in Wistar rats Treated with Aspirin. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:41-54. [PMID: 31608617 PMCID: PMC6993170 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20190059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents 75% of the cases of anovulatory infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of aspirin on dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - induced polycystic ovary syndrome in Wistar rats. METHODS Twenty eight (28) pre-pubertal female Wistar rats of 21 days old weighing 16 - 21 g were divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) and treated as follows; group I received distilled water and served as Control; Group II received 6 mg/100 g body weight DHEA in 0.2 ml of oil subcutaneously to induce PCOS. Group III received 7.5 mg/kg of aspirin orally; Group IV received 6 mg/100kg of body weight of DHEA in 0.2ml of oil subcutaneously and 7.5 mg/kg of aspirin orally. After 15 days of administration, the rats were slaughtered by cervical dislocation. Blood samples and ovaries were collected for reproductive hormonal analysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expressions of mRNA androgen receptor (AR) gene in the ovary were determined by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All the data was analyzed using one way ANOVA with the Graph pad prism software version 6. A p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The results obtained showed that dehydroepiandrosterone treatment caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in total protein, superoxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s- transferase (GST), Ca2+ ATPase, and significant increase (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde, vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and estrogen as compared to Controls. The group co-administered with DHEA and aspirin showed significant increases in SOD, GST, CAT, GSH, Progesterone, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+ ATPase, H+ ATPase and significant reduction (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde, VEGF, TNF-α and estrogen as compared with the DHEA group. The histopathological analysis showed reductions in cystic fibrosis, atretic ovaries, increased expression of Bcl-2 and E- Cadherin and reduced Bax expression in the group that received Aspirin and DHEA. CONCLUSION This study clearly demonstrates that Aspirin has ameliorating effects against polycystic ovary syndrome via anti-inflammatory and hormonal modulatory pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olugbemi T Olaniyan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Biology and Developmental Programming, Department of Physiology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Okoli Bamidele
- Institute of Chemical and Biotechnology, Vaal University of Technology, Southern Gauteng Science and Technology Park, Sebokeng, South Africa
| | - Silas Uche
- Department of Physiology, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Adebayo Femi
- Department of Physiology, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Dare Ayobami
- Department of Physiology, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Ayoola
- Pan African School of Health Technology, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Modupe Builders
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bingham University Karu, Nigeria
| | - Pratap Chand Mali
- Reproductive Biomedicine and Natural Product Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nayagam AAJ, Gunasekaran S, Rangarajan S, Muthaiah S. Myocardial potency of Caesalpinia bonducella Linn. on doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-019-0146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Caesalpinia bonducella L. is well known and extremely valuable herb in ayurvedic system of medicine. The present study is aimed to design the evaluation of aqueous extract of Caesalpinia bonducella L. on doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction in wistar strains of albino rats of both sex.
Materials and methods
The experimental animals are divided in to 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I (Normal Control), Group II (Negative Control, 2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.), Group III (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + AECB (150 mg/kgbw), Group IV (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + AECB (300 mg/kgbw), Group V (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + standard drug (Propranolol 5 mg/kgbw). Doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction was confirmed by disturbances in levels of cardiac markers (Lactate Dehydrogenase, Troponin-T, Creatine Kinase-MB Isoenzyme, Creatine Phosphokinase), nucleic acid contents (DNA and RNA), Challenged levels of Membrane bound enzymes such as Na+/K + ATPase, Ca2 + ATPase and Mg2 + ATPase, Decreased tissue protein and altered lipid profile markers.
Results
Doxorubicin induced rats significantly showed increase in the activities of LDH, CK-MB, CPK, Troponin-T, nucleic acids, membrane bound enzymes, lipid profiles and decrease in the serum HDL. Treatment with AECB simultaneously at two different doses such as 150 mg/kg bw, 300 mg/kg bw prevented the leakage of myocardium markers and altered the levels of Protein, DNA, RNA and membrane bound enzymes. The AECB prevented the altered variations in Cholesterol, Triacylglycerols, Phospholipids and Free Fatty Acids. This extract also brought back the levels of Lipoproteins like HDL, LDL and VLDL which were varied in disease control animals.
Conclusion
The present study concludes that AECB is effective in controlling the cardiac markers and lipid levels which could be due to its ability to maintain the membrane stability and repair the myocardial damage.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sammeturi M, Shaik AH, Bongu SBR, Cheemanapalli S, Mohammad A, Kodidhela LD. Protective effects of syringic acid, resveratrol and their combination against isoprenaline administered cardiotoxicity in wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1429-1435. [PMID: 31762605 PMCID: PMC6864382 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the cardio-protection of syringic acid (SA) in combination with resveratrol (RV) in isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarcted (MI) rats. Methods Groups of all rats were subjected oral pre-treatment at the beginning of the study with SA (50 mg/kg), RV (50 mg/kg) and combination (COMB) of SA (25 mg/kg) and RV (25 mg/kg) along with gallic acid (GA) (50 mg/kg) for 30 days. After sacrification, homogenate of heart tissue along with serum were utilized for further biochemical investigations. The effects on creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were studied in serum and heart tissues. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and reduced glutathione (GSH), membrane bound enzymes and electrolytes were tested in heart tissues. Body weights and heart weights were also observed along with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid and total protein content (TPC) in serum. Results CK, AST, ALT and GGT levels in serum were augmented significantly while these enzymes are decreased in cardiac tissue samples of ISO-treated rats. GST, GPX, GSH, Na+/K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ ATPases, K+ ions were significantly decreased while Na+ and Ca2+ ions were increased in the heart tissues of ISO-injected rats. Loss and gain of body and heart weights were noticed significantly in rats having ISO administration. ISO group showed significant increase in hs-CRP and Uric acid while significant decrease in TPC. All of actions of ISO were ameliorated by COMB. Conclusions COMB suppressed ISO induced MI in rats and exhibited cardio-protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha Sammeturi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Althaf Hussain Shaik
- Central Laboratory, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sasi Bhusana Rao Bongu
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Altaf Mohammad
- Central Laboratory, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Devi Kodidhela
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Saha S, Mahalanobish S, Dutta S, Sil PC. Mangiferin ameliorates collateral neuropathy in tBHP induced apoptotic nephropathy by inflammation mediated kidney to brain crosstalk. Food Funct 2019; 10:5981-5999. [PMID: 31478545 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00329k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The kidneys and brain share similarities in anatomy and vaso-regulation and exhibit clinical interactions in various diseases. To investigate the probable mechanism of kidney to brain crosstalk, we developed an in vivo model of renal injury in mice through intoxication with the oxidative stress inducer, tBHP. Proteinuria, abnormalities in the renal tubules and KIM1 activation were found in tBHP intoxicated animals. Due to this renal pathophysiology, various pro-inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) especially TNF-α, entered into the brain from kidneys, triggering cerebral inflammatory cascades leading to behavioral anomalies in association with membrane lipid peroxidation, BBB disruption and brain morphological alterations. Moreover, increased levels of reactive oxygen species, decreased antioxidant enzyme activity and an altered GSH/GSSG ratio were found in both these organs. Here, we introduced mangiferin as a protective molecule because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Mangiferin via inhibition of apoptosis and activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway protected the kidneys. It restored the deleterious phenomena in the damaged brain by downregulating the JNK and p38MAPK mediated pro-apoptotic cascade and activating the intracellular antioxidant thioredoxin, thereby protecting against tBHP induced nephropathy mediated neuropathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India.
| | - Sushweta Mahalanobish
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India.
| | - Sayanta Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India.
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata-700054, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Brahmi N, Saoudi M, Kadri Y, Kallel C, Euch AE, Ayadi FM, Harrath AH, El Feki A, Allagui MS. Protective effect of Chaetomorpha gracilis aqueous extract against erythrocytes oxidative damage induced by high fat diet in treated mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:220-227. [PMID: 29544357 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1448997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) exposure is associated with various pathological dysfunctions, including haematological disorders and oxidative stress. The in vitro analysis of AECG revealed the presence of important levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, and denoted antioxidant capacities confirmed by nitric oxide radical (NO•), reducing the power and HPLC chemical components' determinations. The animals exposed to HFD revealed a severe damage in the blood cells structure and haematological parameters accompanied with a significant decrease in serum Mg2+ and Ca2+ ATPase activities. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) and the advanced oxidation of protein products (AOPP) levels were significantly increased, while vitamin C level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were markedly reduced in the erythrocytes and platelets of HFD-treated mice. However, the co-administration of AECG with HFD-treated animals restored the parameters cited above to near-normal values. Therefore, our investigation revealed that Chaetomorpha gracilis extract was a useful element preventing HFD-induced blood cells damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura Brahmi
- a Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mongi Saoudi
- a Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Yamina Kadri
- a Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Chomous Kallel
- b Hematology Laboratory , CHU habibbourguibaof Sfax, University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Aida El Euch
- c Biochemistry Laboratory , CHU Habib Bourguiba of Sfax , Tunisia
| | | | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- d Zoology Department , College of Sciences, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelfatah El Feki
- a Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salah Allagui
- a Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Sfax Faculty of Sciences , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Affects Behaviour and Monoamine Levels in Mice. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1533-1548. [PMID: 30941547 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) attract the attention of clinicians for its unique magnetic and paramagnetic properties, which are exclusively used in neurodiagnostics and therapeutics among the other biomedical applications. Despite numerous research findings has already proved neurotoxicity of Fe2O3-NPs, factors affecting neurobehaviour has not been elucidated. In this study, mice were exposed to Fe2O3-NPs (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) by oral intubation daily for 30 days. It was observed that Fe2O3-NPs remarkably impair motor coordination and memory. In the treated brain regions, mitochondrial damage, depleted energy level and decreased ATPase (Mg2+, Ca2+ and Na+/K+) activities were observed. Disturbed ion homeostasis and axonal demyelination in the treated brain regions contributes to poor motor coordination. Increased intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and decreased expression of growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) impairs vesicular exocytosis could result in insufficient signal between neurons. In addition, levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EP) were found to be altered in the subjected brain regions in correspondence to the expression of monoamine oxidases (MAO). Along with all these factors, over expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) confirms the neuronal damage, suggesting the evidences for behavioural changes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Aswar U, Mahajan U, Kandhare A, Aswar M. Ferulic acid ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:659-668. [PMID: 30734092 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity. The objective of the study was to study the protective effects of FA on doxorubicin (Dox)-induced myocardial toxicity in rats. Wistar rats received vehicle (control) or Dox (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or telmisartan (Tel; 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or ferulic acid (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days followed by treatment with Dox (20) on the fifth day of treatment, except the control group. On day 8, electrocardiographic parameters were recorded followed by blood withdrawal and then the animals were sacrificed for histopathology. Administration of Dox showed prolonged RR, QTc interval, and QRS complex. The levels of serum CK-MB, LDH, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Similarly, levels of Ca+2, Mg+2 ATPase, and Ca+2 ATPase and expression of ANP and BNP were significantly higher as compared to the control. In the FA-treated group, ECG was normal. The serum levels of CK-MB, LDH, IL-1β, and IL-6 were not elevated. Heart tissue Ca+2, Mg+2 ATPase, and Ca+2 ATPase did not show a statistical difference compared to the control group. The FA treatment attenuated the expression of ANP and BNP. FA (20 and 40) augmented myocardial GSH and Na+/K+ ATPase. Histopathology of the heart confirmed the cardioprotective effect of FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Aswar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra, 411038, India.
| | - Umesh Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India
| | - Amit Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Manoj Aswar
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune, Maharashtra, 411041, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
The molecular and biochemical insight view of grape seed proanthocyanidins in ameliorating cadmium-induced testes-toxicity in rat model: implication of PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 signaling. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180515. [PMID: 30355647 PMCID: PMC6331675 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) on cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely control, GSP (100 mg/kg BW), Cd (5 mg/kg BW), and Cd+GSP. Cd-treated rat testes exhibited a significant increment in oxidative stress mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Pre-administration of GSP exhibit significant protection against the apoptotic and inflammatory damages elicited by Cd and uphold the intercellular antioxidant status in testes. Histological changes were studied and the immunohistochemical staining for caspase 3, HSP70, and eNOS protein expressions were also analyzed to justify the protective action of GSP. Furthermore, GSP prevented DNA damage, and enhanced the expression of antioxidant responsive elements Nrf2/HO-1 by PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway. Therefore, our results suggest that GSP acts as a multipotent antioxidant entity against Cd-induced oxidative testicular toxicity in rats.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sivalingam K, Amirthalingam V, Ganasan K, Huang CY, Viswanadha VP. Neferine suppresses diethylnitrosamine-induced lung carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:385-398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
31
|
Baskaran R, Priya LB, Sathish Kumar V, Padma VV. Tinospora cordifolia extract prevents cadmium-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 9:252-257. [PMID: 30316725 PMCID: PMC6314239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cadmium (Cd) pollution is of serious concern due to its toxic effects in both humans and animals. The study investigates the protective effect of Tinospora cordifolia stem methanolic extract (TCME) on Cd induced hepatotoxicity. Objective(s) The objective of the study was to explore the hepatoprotective effects of T. cordifolia extract. Materials and methods Rats were administered orally with Cd (5 mg/kg) and TCME (100 mg/kg) for 28 days. At the end of the treatment period, serum and liver tissues homogenates were subjected to biochemical analysis. Results Cd treated rats showed increased activities of the serum marker enzymes of liver damage such as AST and ALT along with increased levels of LPO and protein carbonyl content in liver tissues. Cd treatment also leads to decreased activities of endogenous antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx and GST), membrane ATPases (Na+K+ATPase, Ca2+ATPase and Mg2+K+ATPase) and the tissue glycoprotein levels (hexose, fucose, hexosamine and sialic acid). Histological analysis revealed vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes with focal necrosis upon Cd administration. TCME co-treatment restored the biochemical and histological alterations caused by Cd intoxication to near normal levels. Conclusion The results of the present investigation reveal the hepatoprotective nature of T.cordifolia against Cd induced hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Baskaran
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Lohanathan Bharathi Priya
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Sathish Kumar
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Viswanadha Vijaya Padma
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ramachandran S, Thangarajan S. Thymoquinone loaded solid lipid nanoparticles counteracts 3-Nitropropionic acid induced motor impairments and neuroinflammation in rat model of Huntington's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1459-1470. [PMID: 29855977 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Defect in gene transcription, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are the dominant disease process that causes striatal cell loss with motor abnormalities in Huntington's disease (HD). Homogeneous pathological reminiscent of HD was extrapolated in the present study using a potent mitochondrial toxin, 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Administration of 3-NP for 14 days in the present study portends glial cell activation, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation, neuroinflammation and motor deficits. The therapeutic strategy in the present study was improvised by formulating thymoquinone, a biologically active compound into a colloidal carrier namely solid lipid nanoparticles. Treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w of thymoquinone loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (TQ-SLNs) and 80 mg/kg b.w of thymoquinone suspension (TQ-S) showed a significant (P < 0.01) improvement in ATPases function in 3-NP induced animals than TQ-S (40 mg/kg b.w) treated group. TQ-SLNs (10 and 20 mg/kg) treatment also attenuated the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), pro-inflammatory cytokines and p-p65 NFκB nuclear translocation in 3-NP exposed animals. Further, TQ-SLNs treatment desensitizes NR2B-subtype NMDA receptor, improves tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immune reactive neurons and ameliorated the motor abnormalities in 3-NP intoxicated animals than TQ-S treated group. Hence, the study signifies that the treatment with lower doses of nanoformulated thymoquinone than thymoquinone suspension can efficiently culminate 3-NP induced HD progression in the striatum of male wistar rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surekha Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - Sumathi Thangarajan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu J, Chen L, Lu H. Asiatic Acid Enhances Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity to Suppress Isoproterenol Induced Cardiotoxicity. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.1038.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
34
|
Ajilore BS, Adewuyi AE, Oluwadairo TO. Gentamicin and magnesium chloride normalizes cholinesterase and ATPase activities in rats acutely exposed to dichlorvos (DDVP) pesticide. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj90.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
35
|
Dedeke GA, Owagboriaye FO, Ademolu KO, Olujimi OO, Aladesida AA. Comparative Assessment on Mechanism Underlying Renal Toxicity of Commercial Formulation of Roundup Herbicide and Glyphosate Alone in Male Albino Rat. Int J Toxicol 2018; 37:285-295. [PMID: 29890881 DOI: 10.1177/1091581818779553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There have been major concerns that the nephrotoxicity of commercial formulations of Roundup herbicide is due to the active ingredient glyphosate. We therefore investigated and compared the mechanisms underlining the nephrotoxicity of Roundup herbicide and glyphosate alone in rat. Fifty-six adult male rats randomized into 7 groups of 8 rats per group were exposed to Roundup formulation and glyphosate alone daily by gavage at 3.6, 50.4, and 248.4 mg/kg body weight (bw) of glyphosate concentrations for 12 weeks with distilled water administered to the control group. Kidney biomarker (serum urea and creatinine, plasma cystatin-C, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), oxidative stress indices in the kidney tissue, activities of kidney membrane-bound enzymes (Mg-adenosine triphosphatase [ATPase], Ca-ATPase, Na/K-ATPase, and total ATPase), and histopathological changes in the kidney were monitored. Glyphosate concentration in the kidney was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Significant ( P < 0.05) alterations in the levels of the kidney biomarker, oxidative stress markers, and membrane-bound enzymes were observed in the rats exposed to Roundup compared to the rats exposed to glyphosate alone. Rats exposed to Roundup accumulated more glyphosate residue in their kidney tissue. Severe histopathological lesions were only seen in the kidneys of rats exposed to Roundup. The nephrotoxicity observed cannot be due to the active ingredient in the Roundup formulation, as glyphosate alone has virtually no effect on the renal function of the exposed animals. Therefore, the general claim attributing nephrotoxicity of a glyphosate-based herbicide to its active ingredient should be discouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Dedeke
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Sango Ota-Idiroko Road, Ogun State, Nigeria
- 2 Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Folarin O Owagboriaye
- 3 Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde O Ademolu
- 2 Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju O Olujimi
- 4 Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, College of Environmental Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka A Aladesida
- 2 Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, College of Bioscience, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saha S, Sadhukhan P, Mahalanobish S, Dutta S, Sil PC. Ameliorative role of genistein against age-dependent chronic arsenic toxicity in murine brains via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling cascades. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:26-40. [PMID: 29331881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
37
|
Oxidative stress evoked damages leading to attenuated memory and inhibition of NMDAR–CaMKII–ERK/CREB signalling on consumption of aspartame in rat model. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:903-916. [PMID: 29567262 PMCID: PMC9322224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many controversial reports are available on the use of aspartame as it releases methanol as one of its metabolite during metabolism. The present study proposes to investigate whether long term (90 days) aspartame (40 mg/kg b.wt) administration could induce oxidative stress and alter the memory in Wistar strain male albino rats. To mimic the human methanol metabolism, methotrexate (MTX)-treated rats were included as a model to study the effects of aspartame. Wistar strain albino rats were administered with aspartame (40 mg/kg b.wt) orally and studied along with controls and MTX-treated controls. Aspartame interfered in the body weight and corticosterone levels in the rats. A marked increase in the mRNA and protein expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which resulted in the increased nitric oxide radical’s level indicating that aspartame is a stressor. These reactive nitrogen species could be responsible for the altered cell membrane integrity and even cause death of neurons by necrosis or apoptosis. The animals showed a marked decrease in learning, spatial working and spatial recognition memory deficit in the Morris water maze and Y-maze performance task which could have resulted due to reduced hippocampal acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity. The animal brain homogenate also revealed the decrease in the phosphorylation of NMDAR1–CaMKII–ERK/CREB signalling pathway, which well documents the inhibition of phosphorylation leads to the excitotoxicity of the neurons and memory decline. This effect may be due to methanol which may also activate the NOS levels, microglia and astrocytes, inducing neurodegeneration in brain. Neuronal shrinkage of hippocampal layer due to degeneration of pyramidal cells revealed the abnormal neuronal morphology of pyramidal cell layers in the aspartame treated animals. These findings demonstrate that aspartame metabolites could be a contributing factor for the development of oxidative stress in the brain.
Collapse
|
38
|
Sabarimuthu SQ, Ponnian SMP, John B. Diosmin prevents left ventricular hypertrophy, adenosine triphosphatases dysfunction and electrolyte imbalance in experimentally induced myocardial infarcted rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 814:124-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
39
|
Miltonprabu S, Sumedha NC, Senthilraja P. Diallyl trisulfide, a garlic polysulfide protects against As-induced renal oxidative nephrotoxicity, apoptosis and inflammation in rats by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:107-120. [PMID: 28648972 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) contamination is an extremely dangerous global environmental problem as it can enter into the food chain and become bio-accumulated, endangering human health. Chronic As intoxication leads to undesirable toxic effects in various organ systems of the body, especially the kidney. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is an organosulfur compound which has been widely known for its uses as antibacterial, antitumorogenic, antioxidant agent and has been also reported to have anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. PURPOSE In the present work, we intend to investigate the protective role of DATS, a garlic organosulfur compound in preventing the As-induced oxidative stress mediated renal injury in rats. Study design The activity of DATS to antagonize As-induced renal oxidative toxicity was analyzed using rats as an in vivo model. METHODS We investigated the nephroprotective effect of DATS on As treated rats by performing various serological, biochemical, molecular and histological studies. The activation of Nrf2 was investigated using western blot. RESULTS The data showed that As exposure significantly increased the serum and urine nephritic, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory markers in the renal tissue of rats. As intoxication also decreased the antioxidant status of the renal tissue along with the disturbances in the membrane bound ATPases. As nephrotoxicity was further confirmed with the altered morphological and ultrastructural changes in the renal tissue. Conversely, the DATS pre-administration effectively recuperate the altered renal variables by As, which has been further supported by the histological and ultrastructural observations. This counteraction was achieved partially via the activation of Nrf2-ARE pathway through the activation of Akt. CONCLUSION These findings explicate the prospective use of DATS as a promising organosulfur compound against As-induced renal oxidative dysfunction in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miltonprabu
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - N C Sumedha
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Senthilraja
- Division of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
In vivo and molecular docking studies using whole extract and phytocompounds of Aegle marmelos fruit protective effects against Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial infarction in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:880-889. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
41
|
Lobo RO, Chandrasekhar Sagar B, Shenoy CK. Bio-tea prevents membrane destabilization during Isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2017; 5:146-154. [PMID: 30023249 PMCID: PMC6025722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to determine the membrane-stabilizing effect of Bio-tea in the prevention of myocardial injury caused by isoproterenol in rats. The efficiency of Bio-tea pretreatment was compared against black tea pretreatment and the positive control (rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction) and negative control (normal control rats). For this purpose, biochemical analysis of the in vivo antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione), glycoprotein components (hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid, and fucose), lipids (total, ester and free cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids), and transmembrane protein activities (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, and Mg2+ ATPase) was carried out along with the histological and ultrastructural study of the myocardial tissue. Induction of myocardial infarction using isoproterenol resulted in a significant decrease in tissue antioxidants and an increase in the levels of total, ester and free cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and glycoprotein components in plasma and heart. The phospholipid content showed an increase in plasma and a simultaneous decrease in the heart tissue, while the Na+/K+ ATPase activity decreased and Ca2+ ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase activities increased, resulting in destabilization of the membranes. Pretreatment with Bio-tea was able to bring these components to near normal, indicating its reactive-oxygen-species-scavenging, lipid-lowering, membrane-stabilizing and glycoprotein-modulating effects and lending credibility to the regular use of Bio-tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reema Orison Lobo
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - B.K. Chandrasekhar Sagar
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Chandrakala K. Shenoy
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jacob S, Thangarajan S. Effect of Gestational Intake of Fisetin (3,3',4',7-Tetrahydroxyflavone) on Developmental Methyl Mercury Neurotoxicity in F 1 Generation Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:297-315. [PMID: 27815688 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methyl mercury (MeHg) is a developmental neurotoxin that causes irreversible cognitive damage in offspring of gestationally exposed mothers. Currently, no preventive drugs are established against MeHg developmental neurotoxicity. The neuroprotective effect of gestational administration of a flavanoid against in utero toxicity of MeHg is not explored much. Hence, the present study validated the effect of a bioactive flavanoid, fisetin, on MeHg developmental neurotoxicity outcomes in rat offspring at postnatal weaning age. Pregnant Wistar rats were simultaneously given MeHg (1.5 mg/kg b.w.) and two doses of fisetin (10 and 50 mg/kg b.w. in two separate groups) orally from gestational day (GD) 5 till parturition. Accordingly, after parturition, on postnatal day (PND) 24, weaning F1 generation rats were studied for motor and cognitive behavioural changes. Biochemical and histopathological changes were also studied in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus on PND 25. Administration of fisetin during pregnancy prevented behavioural impairment due to transplacental MeHg exposure in weaning rats. Fisetin decreased the levels of oxidative stress markers, increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels and increased the activity of membrane-bound ATPases and cholinergic function in F1 generation rats. In light microscopic studies, fisetin treatment protected the specific offspring brain regions from significant morphological aberrations. Between the two doses of fisetin studied, 10 mg/kg b.w. was found to be more satisfactory and effective than 50 mg/kg b.w. The present study shows that intake of fisetin during pregnancy in rats ameliorated in utero MeHg exposure-induced neurotoxicity outcomes in postnatal weaning F1 generation rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Jacob
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - Sumathi Thangarajan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kaur P, Kaur R, Arora R, Arora S. Effect of 3, hydroxy-lup- 20(29)-en-28-oic acid on 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene impaired cellular homeostasis in extrahepatic organs of Sprague Dawley rats. J Xenobiot 2017; 7:6475. [PMID: 30701057 PMCID: PMC6325307 DOI: 10.4081/xeno.2017.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
3β, hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (Betulinic acid), a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene has diverse pharmacological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The present study focuses its protective effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (7,12- Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene or DMBA) induced alterations in membrane bound ATPases, detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in stomach and lungs of female Sprague Dawley rats. Healthy female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assorted into six groups and the treatments were given orally for 7 weeks on alternate days. It was observed that betulinic acid facilitated the downregulation of elevated membrane bound ATPases (Na+/K+- ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase) in DMBA administered rats. Likewise, the detoxification enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes were modulated to normalcy in rats. Overall, betulinic acid was seen to be effective modulator of DMBA induced alterations in biochemical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
| | - Rajbir Kaur
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Ropar, India
| | - Rohit Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dhivya V, Priya LB, Chirayil HT, Sathiskumar S, Huang CY, Padma VV. Piperine modulates isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia through antioxidant and anti-dyslipidemic effect in male Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:705-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
45
|
Bhaskaran SK, Kannappan P. Protective effect of Azolla microphylla on biochemical, histopathological and molecular changes induced by isoproterenol in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:473-481. [PMID: 28249249 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Azolla microphylla is an important fast-growing aquatic plant trusted for its agronomic, nutritious and therapeutic uses. The present work is undertaken to investigate the protective effect of the ethanolic extract of Azolla microphylla (EAM) against the Isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Rats were pre-treated with EAM (250 and 500mg/kg b.w.) for 28 days along with ISO (85mg/kg; s.c.) on the 29th and 30th days. ISO-induced rats displayed significant diminution in cardiac antioxidant enzymes activities, increased lipid peroxidation and alteration in cardiac marker enzymes. The same group also displayed an increase in levels of serum lipid profiles and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) accompanied with a significant reduction in the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-10). Moreover, the histopathological investigations in the heart tissue of ISO-induced group exhibited myocardial necrosis and inflammation, which correlated with the increased immunoreactivity for Bax/iNOS, whereas an absence of reactivity for Bcl-2 proteins. However, in EAM pre-treated rats, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, cardiac marker enzymes, membrane-bound ATPases together with the levels of lipid profile, non-enzymatic antioxidants, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines were maintained at normalcy that was further supported by improving histopathological changes and myocardial architecture. The IHC results of EAM pre-treated rats indicate up-regulated and down-regulated expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax/iNOS proteins, respectively. Thus, the present study reveals that A. microphylla alleviates myocardial damage in ISO-induced cardiac injury and demonstrates cardioprotective potential which could be attributed to its potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. A possible mechanism for the protective effect is the elevated expression of endogenous antioxidant defense enzymes, anti-inflammatory cytokines, degraded lipid peroxidation products and improved energy metabolism of cardiac mitochondria, thus attenuating necrosis of the myocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenath Kunnathupara Bhaskaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Poornima Kannappan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam University, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Naik B, Nirwane A, Majumdar A. Pterostilbene ameliorates intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced memory decline in rats. Cogn Neurodyn 2017; 11:35-49. [PMID: 28174611 PMCID: PMC5264756 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-016-9413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction mediated oxidative stress results in aging and energy metabolism deficits thus playing a prime role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, neuronal death and cognitive dysfunction. Evidences accrued in empirical studies suggest the antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of the phytochemical pterostilbene (PTS). PTS also exhibits favourable pharmacokinetic attributes compared to other stilbenes. Hence, in the present study, we explored the neuroprotective role of PTS in ameliorating the intracerebroventricular administered streptozotocin (STZ) induced memory decline in rats. PTS at doses of 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg, was administered orally to STZ administered Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The learning and memory tests, Morris water maze test and novel object recognition test were performed which revealed improved cognition on PTS treatment. Further, there was an overall improvement in brain antioxidant parameters like elevated catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, GSH levels, lowered levels of nitrites, lipid peroxides and carbonylated proteins. There was improved cholinergic transmission as evident by decreased acetylcholinesterase activities. The action of ATPases (Na+ K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) indicating the maintenance of cell membrane potential was also augmented. mRNA expression of battery of genes involved in cellular mitochondrial biogenesis and inflammation showed variations which extrapolate to hike in mitochondrial biogenesis and abated inflammation. The histological findings corroborated the effective role of PTS in countering STZ induced structural aberrations in brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyashree Naik
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, 400098 India
| | - Abhijit Nirwane
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, 400098 India
| | - Anuradha Majumdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, 400098 India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Priya LB, Baskaran R, Elangovan P, Dhivya V, Huang CY, Padma VV. Tinospora cordifolia extract attenuates cadmium-induced biochemical and histological alterations in the heart of male Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:280-287. [PMID: 28063409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistence of cadmium (Cd) in the environment causes serious ecological problems. Tinospora cordifolia is a medicinal herb used in Ayurveda for treating various metabolic disorders and toxic conditions. The present study investigates the protective effect of T. cordifolia stem methanolic extract (TCME) on a heavy metal, Cd-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=6). The animals after treatment for 28days with Cd and TCME were analysed for biochemical and histological changes in the serum and heart tissues. Cd induced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation was significantly reduced by TCME. TCME also reduced the histological alterations induced by Cd treatment in the heart tissues with diminished loss of myocardial fibers. Administration of TCME effectively prevented the altered levels of serum marker enzymes (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase), antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase, and glycoproteins contents such as hexose, hexoseamine, fucose, and sialic acid by Cd intoxication. TCME also offered protection against the change in levels of Na+K+ATPase, Mg2+ATPase and Ca2+ATPase activities against Cd toxicity. The study suggests TCME as a potent cardioprotective agent against Cd induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lohanathan Bharathi Priya
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; DRDO-BU Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pitchai Elangovan
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Velumani Dhivya
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Viswanadha Vijaya Padma
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; DRDO-BU Centre for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Shagirtha K, Bashir N, MiltonPrabu S. Neuroprotective efficacy of hesperetin against cadmium induced oxidative stress in the brain of rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 33:454-468. [PMID: 27803291 DOI: 10.1177/0748233716665301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of hesperetin (Hp) against cadmium (Cd)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Cadmium (3 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), subcutaneous) administration for 3 weeks demonstrated neurotoxicity in rats by the decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase in the brain. The oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyls) were significantly increased with decreased enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, total sulphydryl groups and vitamin C). The proteolytic and membrane-bound enzymes (Na+ K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase) were also decreased with increased apoptotic markers (Bcl2 Associated X Protein (Bax), cytochrome C, caspase 3 and 9) and decreased anti-apoptotic marker (B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)) in the brain of Cd-treated rats. Moreover, Cd administration significantly decreased the mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (I, II, III and IV) in the brain of rats. Preadministration of Hp (40 mg/kg b.w., oral) significantly attenuated the Cd-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, restored the antioxidant and membrane-bound enzyme activities and decreased apoptosis in the brain of rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalist Shagirtha
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nazima Bashir
- 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Selvaraj MiltonPrabu
- 2 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Raghu R, Karthikeyan S. Zidovudine and isoniazid induced liver toxicity and oxidative stress: Evaluation of mitigating properties of silibinin. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 46:217-226. [PMID: 27497728 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV/AIDS patients are more prone for opportunistic TB infections and they are administered the combined regimen of anti-retroviral drug zidovudine (AZT) and isoniazid (INH) for therapy. However, AZT+INH treatment has been documented to induce injury and remedial measures to prevent this adversity are not clearly defined. Silibinin (SBN) is a natural hepatoprotective principle isolated from medicinal plant Silybum marianum and is currently used for therapy of various liver diseases. This study investigate the hepatotoxic potentials of AZT alone, INH alone and AZT+INH treatments and the mitigating potentials of SBN against these drugs induced toxic insults of liver in rats. Separate groups of rats (n=6 in each group) were administered AZT alone (50mg/kg b.w.), INH alone (25mg/kg, b.w.), AZT+INH (50mg/kg, b.w. and 25mg/kg, b.w.), SBN alone (100mg/kg, b.w.) and SBN+AZT+INH daily for sub-chronic period of 45days orally. The control rats received saline/propylene glycol. INH alone and AZT+INH-induced parenchymal cell injury and cholestasis of liver was evidenced by highly significant increase in the activities of marker enzymes (aspartate and alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, argino succinic acid lyase), bilirubin, protein, oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, vitamins C and E) and membrane bound ATPases were evaluated in serum/liver tissue homogenates. Histopathological studies show ballooning degradation, inflammatory lesions, lipid deposition and hydropic changes in the liver tissue. All the above biochemical and pathological changes induced by AZT+INH treatments were mitigated in rats receiving SBN simultaneously with these hepatotoxins, indicating its hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials against AZT+INH-induced hepatotoxicity. The moderate hepatoprotective and oxidant potentials of SBN could be due to its low bioavailability and this deficiency could be prevented by supplementation of phosphatidylcholines and studies are warranted on these lines to improve the therapeutic efficiency of SBN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Raghu
- Food and Hepatotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. ALM. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sivanesan Karthikeyan
- Food and Hepatotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. ALM. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Vedi M, Sabina EP. Assessment of hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potential of withaferin A on bromobenzene-induced injury in Swiss albino mice: possible involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:373-90. [PMID: 27250656 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bromobenzene is a well-known environmental toxin which causes liver and kidney damage through CYP450-mediated bio-activation to generate reactive metabolites and, consequently, oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible protective role of withaferin A against bromobenzene-induced liver and kidney damage in mice. Withaferin A (10 mg/kg) was administered orally to the mice for 8 days before intragastric intubation of bromobenzene (10 mmol/kg). As results of this experiment, the levels of liver and kidney functional markers, lipid peroxidation, and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) presented an increase and there was a decrease in anti-oxidant activity in the bromobenzene-treated group of mice. Pre-treatment with withaferin A not only significantly decreased the levels of liver and kidney functional markers and cytokines but also reduced oxidative stress, as evidenced by improved anti-oxidant status. In addition, the mitochondrial dysfunction shown through the decrease in the activities of mitochondrial enzymes and imbalance in the Bax/Bcl-2 expression in the livers and kidneys of bromobenzene-treated mice was effectively prevented by pre-administration of withaferin A. These results validated our conviction that bromobenzene caused liver and kidney damage via mitochondrial pathway and withaferin A provided significant protection against it. Thus, withaferin A may have possible usage in clinical liver and kidney diseases in which oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may be existent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Vedi
- SBST, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | | |
Collapse
|