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Fioretto L, Gallo C, Mercogliano M, Ziaco M, Nuzzo G, d'Ippolito G, Follero O, DellaGreca M, Giaccio P, Nittoli V, Ambrosino C, Sordino P, Soluri A, Soluri A, Massari R, D'Amelio M, De Palma R, Fontana A, Manzo E. BODIPY-Based Analogue of the TREM2-Binding Molecular Adjuvant Sulfavant A, a Chemical Tool for Imaging and Tracking Biological Systems. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3362-3372. [PMID: 38348659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we described synthetic sulfolipids named Sulfavants as a novel class of molecular adjuvants based on the sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglycerol skeleton. The members of this family, Sulfavant A (1), Sulfavant R (2), and Sulfavant S (3), showed important effects on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-induced differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (hDC), through a novel cell mechanism underlying the regulation of the immune response. As these molecules are involved in biological TREM2-mediated processes crucial for cell survival, here, we report the synthesis and application of a fluorescent analogue of Sulfavant A bearing the 4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene moiety (Me4-BODIPY). The fluorescent derivative, named PB-SULF A (4), preserving the biological activity of Sulfavants, opens the way to chemical biology and cell biology experiments to better understand the interactions with cellular and in vivo organ targets and to improve our comprehension of complex molecular mechanisms underlying the not fully understood ligand-induced TREM2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Fioretto
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Carmela Gallo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Marcello Mercogliano
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80136 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marcello Ziaco
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Giuliana d'Ippolito
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Olimpia Follero
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
| | - Marina DellaGreca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80136 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Giaccio
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Valeria Nittoli
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, Via Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Sordino
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Sicily Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Consolare Pompea 29, 98167 Messina,Italy
| | - Alessandro Soluri
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Soluri
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Molecular Neurosciences, University Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Massari
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), c/o International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso″, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), Via E. Ramarini, 32, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Molecular Neurosciences, University Campus Bio-Medico, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Palma
- Clinica di Medicina Interna, Immunologia Clinica e Medicina Traslazionale, Ospedale San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova,Italy
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II″, via Cinthia, Bldg.7, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Emiliano Manzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli , Italy
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2
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Gao YG, Zhai X, Boldyrev IA, Molotkovsky JG, Patel DJ, Malinina L, Brown RE. Ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein (CPTP) regulation by phosphoinositides. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100600. [PMID: 33781749 PMCID: PMC8091061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide-1-phosphate transfer proteins (CPTPs) are members of the glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) superfamily that shuttle ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) between membranes. CPTPs regulate cellular sphingolipid homeostasis in ways that impact programmed cell death and inflammation. CPTP downregulation specifically alters C1P levels in the plasma and trans-Golgi membranes, stimulating proinflammatory eicosanoid production and autophagy-dependent inflammasome-mediated cytokine release. However, the mechanisms used by CPTP to target the trans-Golgi and plasma membrane are not well understood. Here, we monitored C1P intervesicular transfer using fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) and showed that certain phosphoinositides (phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PI-(4,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI-4P)) increased CPTP transfer activity, whereas others (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI-3P) and PI) did not. PIPs that stimulated CPTP did not stimulate GLTP, another superfamily member. Short-chain PI-(4,5)P2, which is soluble and does not remain membrane-embedded, failed to activate CPTP. CPTP stimulation by physiologically relevant PI-(4,5)P2 levels surpassed that of phosphatidylserine (PS), the only known non-PIP stimulator of CPTP, despite PI-(4,5)P2 increasing membrane equilibrium binding affinity less effectively than PS. Functional mapping of mutations that led to altered FRET lipid transfer and assessment of CPTP membrane interaction by surface plasmon resonance indicated that di-arginine motifs located in the α-6 helix and the α3-α4 helix regulatory loop of the membrane-interaction region serve as PI-(4,5)P2 headgroup-specific interaction sites. Haddock modeling revealed specific interactions involving the PI-(4,5)P2 headgroup that left the acyl chains oriented favorably for membrane embedding. We propose that PI-(4,5)P2 interaction sites enhance CPTP activity by serving as preferred membrane targeting/docking sites that favorably orient the protein for function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guang Gao
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiuhong Zhai
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ivan A Boldyrev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Julian G Molotkovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dinshaw J Patel
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lucy Malinina
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
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In Vitro Measurement of Sphingolipid Intermembrane Transport Illustrated by GLTP Superfamily Members. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1949:237-256. [PMID: 30790260 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9136-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe methodological approaches for measuring in vitro transfer of sphingolipids (SLs) between membranes. The approaches rely on direct tracking of the lipid. Typically, direct tracking involves lipid labeling via attachment of fluorophores or introduction of radioactivity. Members of the GlycoLipid Transfer Protein (GLTP) superfamily are used to illustrate two broadly applicable methods for direct lipid tracking. One method relies on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) that enables continuous assessment of fluorophore-labeled SL transfer in real time between lipid donor and acceptor vesicles. The second method relies on tracking of radiolabeled SL transfer by separation of lipid donor and acceptor vesicles at discrete time points. The assays are readily adjustable for assessing lipid transfer (1) between various model membrane assemblies (vesicles, micelles, bicelles, nanodiscs), (2) involving other lipid types by other lipid transfer proteins, (3) with protein preparations that are either crudely or highly purified, and (4) that is spontaneous and occurs in the absence of protein.
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4
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Schwarzmann G. Labeled gangliosides: their synthesis and use in biological studies. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3992-4006. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Günter Schwarzmann
- LIMES c/o Kekulé‐Institut f. Organische Chemie und Biochemie Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Germany
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5
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Ochoa-Lizarralde B, Gao YG, Popov AN, Samygina VR, Zhai X, Mishra SK, Boldyrev IA, Molotkovsky JG, Simanshu DK, Patel DJ, Brown RE, Malinina L. Structural analyses of 4-phosphate adaptor protein 2 yield mechanistic insights into sphingolipid recognition by the glycolipid transfer protein family. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16709-16723. [PMID: 30206120 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) fold defines a superfamily of eukaryotic proteins that selectively transport sphingolipids (SLs) between membranes. However, the mechanisms determining the protein selectivity for specific glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are unclear. Here, we report the crystal structure of the GLTP homology (GLTPH) domain of human 4-phosphate adaptor protein 2 (FAPP2) bound with N-oleoyl-galactosylceramide. Using this domain, FAPP2 transports glucosylceramide from its cis-Golgi synthesis site to the trans-Golgi for conversion into complex GSLs. The FAPP2-GLTPH structure revealed an element, termed the ID loop, that controls specificity in the GLTP family. We found that, in accordance with FAPP2 preference for simple GSLs, the ID loop protrudes from behind the SL headgroup-recognition center to mitigate binding by complex GSLs. Mutational analyses including GLTP and FAPP2 chimeras with swapped ID loops supported the proposed restrictive role of the FAPP2 ID loop in GSL selectivity. Comparative analysis revealed distinctly designed ID loops in each GLTP family member. This analysis also disclosed a conserved H-bond triplet that "clasps" both ID-loop ends together to promote structural autonomy and rigidity. The findings indicated that various ID loops work in concert with conserved recognition centers to create different specificities among family members. We also observed four bulky, conserved hydrophobic residues involved in "sensor-like" interactions with lipid chains in protein hydrophobic pockets and FF motifs in GLTP and FAPP2, well-positioned to provide acyl chain-dependent SL selectivity for the hydrophobic pockets. In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into sphingolipid recognition by the GLTP fold and uncovers the elements involved in this recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Ochoa-Lizarralde
- From the Structural Biology Unit of CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Yong-Guang Gao
- the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | | | - Valeria R Samygina
- From the Structural Biology Unit of CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain.,the Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of FSRC Crystallography and Photonics RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiuhong Zhai
- the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Shrawan K Mishra
- the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ivan A Boldyrev
- the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia, and
| | - Julian G Molotkovsky
- the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 117997 Moscow, Russia, and
| | - Dhirendra K Simanshu
- the Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021
| | - Dinshaw J Patel
- the Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021
| | - Rhoderick E Brown
- the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912,
| | - Lucy Malinina
- From the Structural Biology Unit of CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain, .,the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
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6
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Hunter CD, Guo T, Daskhan G, Richards MR, Cairo CW. Synthetic Strategies for Modified Glycosphingolipids and Their Design as Probes. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8188-8241. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmanah D. Hunter
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Tianlin Guo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Gour Daskhan
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michele R. Richards
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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7
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Zhai X, Gao YG, Mishra SK, Simanshu DK, Boldyrev IA, Benson LM, Bergen HR, Malinina L, Mundy J, Molotkovsky JG, Patel DJ, Brown RE. Phosphatidylserine Stimulates Ceramide 1-Phosphate (C1P) Intermembrane Transfer by C1P Transfer Proteins. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:2531-2541. [PMID: 28011644 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.760256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic models for studying localized cell suicide that halt the spread of pathogen infection and immune response activation in plants include Arabidopsis accelerated-cell-death 11 mutant (acd11). In this mutant, sphingolipid homeostasis is disrupted via depletion of ACD11, a lipid transfer protein that is specific for ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) and phyto-C1P. The C1P binding site in ACD11 and in human ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein (CPTP) is surrounded by cationic residues. Here, we investigated the functional regulation of ACD11 and CPTP by anionic phosphoglycerides and found that 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidic acid or 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (≤15 mol %) in C1P source vesicles depressed C1P intermembrane transfer. By contrast, replacement with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylserine stimulated C1P transfer by ACD11 and CPTP. Notably, "soluble" phosphatidylserine (dihexanoyl-phosphatidylserine) failed to stimulate C1P transfer. Also, none of the anionic phosphoglycerides affected transfer action by human glycolipid lipid transfer protein (GLTP), which is glycolipid-specific and has few cationic residues near its glycolipid binding site. These findings provide the first evidence for a potential phosphoglyceride headgroup-specific regulatory interaction site(s) existing on the surface of any GLTP-fold and delineate new differences between GLTP superfamily members that are specific for C1P versus glycolipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Zhai
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912,
| | - Yong-Guang Gao
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Shrawan K Mishra
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Dhirendra K Simanshu
- the Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Ivan A Boldyrev
- the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Linda M Benson
- the Medical Genomic Facility-Proteomics Core, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, and
| | - H Robert Bergen
- the Medical Genomic Facility-Proteomics Core, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, and
| | - Lucy Malinina
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - John Mundy
- the Department of Biology, BioCenter, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Julian G Molotkovsky
- the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dinshaw J Patel
- the Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Rhoderick E Brown
- From the Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912,
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8
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Samygina VR, Ochoa-Lizarralde B, Popov AN, Cabo-Bilbao A, Goni-de-Cerio F, Molotkovsky JG, Patel DJ, Brown RE, Malinina L. Structural insights into lipid-dependent reversible dimerization of human GLTP. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2013; 69:603-16. [PMID: 23519669 PMCID: PMC3606038 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444913000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human glycolipid transfer protein (hsGLTP) forms the prototypical GLTP fold and is characterized by a broad transfer selectivity for glycosphingolipids (GSLs). The GLTP mutation D48V near the `portal entrance' of the glycolipid binding site has recently been shown to enhance selectivity for sulfatides (SFs) containing a long acyl chain. Here, nine novel crystal structures of hsGLTP and the SF-selective mutant complexed with short-acyl-chain monoSF and diSF in different crystal forms are reported in order to elucidate the potential functional roles of lipid-mediated homodimerization. In all crystal forms, the hsGLTP-SF complexes displayed homodimeric structures supported by similarly organized intermolecular interactions. The dimerization interface always involved the lipid sphingosine chain, the protein C-terminus (C-end) and α-helices 6 and 2, but the D48V mutant displayed a `locked' dimer conformation compared with the hinge-like flexibility of wild-type dimers. Differences in contact angles, areas and residues at the dimer interfaces in the `flexible' and `locked' dimers revealed a potentially important role of the dimeric structure in the C-end conformation of hsGLTP and in the precise positioning of the key residue of the glycolipid recognition centre, His140. ΔY207 and ΔC-end deletion mutants, in which the C-end is shifted or truncated, showed an almost complete loss of transfer activity. The new structural insights suggest that ligand-dependent reversible dimerization plays a role in the function of human GLTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria R. Samygina
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | | | | | - Aintzane Cabo-Bilbao
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Felipe Goni-de-Cerio
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Julian G. Molotkovsky
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Dinshaw J. Patel
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | - Lucy Malinina
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
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9
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The glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) domain of phosphoinositol 4-phosphate adaptor protein-2 (FAPP2): structure drives preference for simple neutral glycosphingolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:417-27. [PMID: 23159414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositol 4-phosphate adaptor protein-2 (FAPP2) plays a key role in glycosphingolipid (GSL) production using its C-terminal domain to transport newly synthesized glucosylceramide away from the cytosol-facing glucosylceramide synthase in the cis-Golgi for further anabolic processing. Structural homology modeling against human glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) predicts a GLTP-fold for FAPP2 C-terminal domain, but no experimental support exists to warrant inclusion in the GLTP superfamily. Here, the biophysical properties and glycolipid transfer specificity of FAPP2-C-terminal domain have been characterized and compared with other established GLTP-folds. Experimental evidence for a GLTP-fold includes: i) far-UV circular dichroism (CD) showing secondary structure with high alpha-helix content and a low thermally-induced unfolding transition (~41°C); ii) near-UV-CD indicating only subtle tertiary conformational change before/after interaction with membranes containing/lacking glycolipid; iii) Red-shifted tryptophan (Trp) emission wavelength maximum (λ(max)~352nm) for apo-FAPP2-C-terminal domain consistent with surface exposed intrinsic Trp residues; iv) 'signature' GLTP-fold Trp fluorescence response, i.e., intensity decrease (~30%) accompanied by strongly blue-shifted λ(max) (~14nm) upon interaction with membranes containing glycolipid, supporting direct involvement of Trp in glycolipid binding and enabling estimation of partitioning affinities. A structurally-based preference for other simple uncharged GSLs, in addition to glucosylceramide, makes human FAPP2-GLTP more similar to fungal HET-C2 than to plant AtGLTP1 (glucosylceramide-specific) or to broadly GSL-selective human GLTP. These findings along with the distinct mRNA exon/intron organizations originating from single-copy genes on separate human chromosomes suggest adaptive evolutionary divergence by these two GLTP-folds.
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10
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Samygina VR, Popov AN, Cabo-Bilbao A, Ochoa-Lizarralde B, Goni-de-Cerio F, Zhai X, Molotkovsky JG, Patel DJ, Brown RE, Malinina L. Enhanced selectivity for sulfatide by engineered human glycolipid transfer protein. Structure 2012; 19:1644-54. [PMID: 22078563 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Human glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) fold represents a novel structural motif for lipid binding/transfer and reversible membrane translocation. GLTPs transfer glycosphingolipids (GSLs) that are key regulators of cell growth, division, surface adhesion, and neurodevelopment. Herein, we report structure-guided engineering of the lipid binding features of GLTP. New crystal structures of wild-type GLTP and two mutants (D48V and A47D‖D48V), each containing bound N-nervonoyl-sulfatide, reveal the molecular basis for selective anchoring of sulfatide (3-O-sulfo-galactosylceramide) by D48V-GLTP. Directed point mutations of "portal entrance" residues, A47 and D48, reversibly regulate sphingosine access to the hydrophobic pocket via a mechanism that could involve homodimerization. "Door-opening" conformational changes by phenylalanines within the hydrophobic pocket are revealed during lipid encapsulation by new crystal structures of bona fide apo-GLTP and GLTP complexed with N-oleoyl-glucosylceramide. The development of "engineered GLTPs" with enhanced specificity for select GSLs provides a potential new therapeutic approach for targeting GSL-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria R Samygina
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio-Bilbao, Spain
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11
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Tuuf J, Kjellberg MA, Molotkovsky JG, Hanada K, Mattjus P. The intermembrane ceramide transport catalyzed by CERT is sensitive to the lipid environment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:229-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Monitoring glycolipid transfer protein activity and membrane interaction with the surface plasmon resonance technique. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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13
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Polyakova SM, Belov VN, Yan SF, Eggeling C, Ringemann C, Schwarzmann G, de Meijere A, Hell SW. New GM1 Ganglioside Derivatives for Selective Single and Double Labelling of the Natural Glycosphingolipid Skeleton. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Nylund M, Fortelius C, Palonen EK, Molotkovsky JG, Mattjus P. Membrane curvature effects on glycolipid transfer protein activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:11726-11733. [PMID: 17915897 DOI: 10.1021/la701927u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) is monomeric in aqueous solutions, and it binds weakly to membrane interfaces with or without glycolipids. GLTP is a surface-active protein and adsorbs to exert a maximal surface pressure value of 19 mN/m. The change in surface pressure following GLTP adsorption decreased linearly with initial surface pressure. The exclusion pressure for different phospholipids and sphingolipids was between 23 and 31 mN/m, being clearly highest for the negatively charged dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylserine. This can be explained by electrostatic forces when GLTP is positively charged at neutral pH (isoelectric point = 9.0) and by phosphatidylserine being negatively charged. If GLTP is injected under a palmitoyl-galactosylceramide monolayer above 30 mN/m, the presence of GLTP leads to a decrease in the surface pressure as a function of time. This suggests that GLTP is able to remove glycolipids from the monolayer without penetrating the monolayer. On the other hand, if phospholipid vesicles with or without glycolipids are also present in the subphase, no change in the surface pressure takes place. This suggests that GLTP in the presence of curved membranes is not able to transfer from or to planar membranes. We also show that transfer of fluorescently labeled galactosylceramide is faster from small highly curved palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine bilayer vesicles but not from palmitoyl-sphingomyelin vesicles regardless of the size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matts Nylund
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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15
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West G, Nylund M, Peter Slotte J, Mattjus P. Membrane interaction and activity of the glycolipid transfer protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:1732-42. [PMID: 16908009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2006] [Revised: 05/29/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have addressed the ability of the glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) to transfer anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide at different pH and sodium chloride concentrations, and the ability of three different mutants to transfer the fluorescently labeled galactosylceramide between donor and acceptor model membranes. We constructed single tryptophan mutants with site-directed mutagenesis where two of the three tryptophan (W) of wild-type human GLTP were substituted with phenylalanine (F) and named W85 GLTP (W96F and W142F), W96 GLTP (W85F and W142F) and W142 GLTP (W85F and W96F) accordingly. Wild-type GLTP and W96 GLTP were both able to transfer anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide, but the two variants W85 GLTP and W142 GLTP did not show any glycolipid transfer activity, indicating that the tryptophan in position 96 is crucial for transfer activity. Tryptophan fluorescence emission showed a blue shift of the maximal emission wavelength upon interaction of glycolipid containing vesicle with wild-type GLTP and W96 GLTP, while no blue shift was recorded for the protein variants W85 GLTP and W142 GLTP. The quantum yield of tryptophan emission was highest for the W96 GLTP protein whereas W85 GLTP, W142 GLTP and wild-type GLTP showed a lower and almost similar quantum yield. The lifetime and anisotropy decay of the different tryptophan mutants also changed upon binding to vesicles containing galactosylceramide. Again wild-type GLTP and W96 GLTP showed similar behavior in the presence of vesicles containing glycolipids. Taken together, our data show that the W96 is involved not only in the activity of the protein but also in the interaction between the protein and glycolipid containing membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun West
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
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16
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Nylund M, Kjellberg MA, Molotkovsky JG, Byun HS, Bittman R, Mattjus P. Molecular features of phospholipids that affect glycolipid transfer protein-mediated galactosylceramide transfer between vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:807-12. [PMID: 16777057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP)-mediated movement of galactosylceramide from model membrane donor vesicles to acceptor vesicles is sensitive to the membrane environment surrounding the glycolipid. GLTP can catalyze the transfer of a fluorescently labeled GSL, anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide (AV-GalCer), from vesicles composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine matrices, but not from vesicles prepared from N-palmitoylsphingomyelin, regardless of the cholesterol content of the vesicles. In this study, we have examined the structural features of sphingomyelin (SM) that are responsible for its inhibition of the rate of GLTP-catalyzed transfer of AV-GalCer. The rate of glycolipid transfer was enhanced when the N-palmitoyl chain of SM was replaced with an N-oleoyl chain. Analogs of N-palmitoyl-SM in which the 4,5-double bond of the long-chain base is reduced or the 3-hydroxy group is removed did not inhibit GLTP-catalyzed transfer of AV-GalCer. When the donor vesicles were prepared with phosphatidylcholines or ether-linked phosphatidylcholine analogs, the transfer rates of AV-GalCer increased with increasing degree of unsaturation. The rate of AV-GalCer transfer was strongly dependent on the unsaturation degree of the acyl and/or alkyl chains. For ester-linked PCs, the transfer rate increased in the order DPPC<POPC<DOPC, which have 0, 1, and 2 cis double bonds, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matts Nylund
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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17
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Rao CS, Chung T, Pike HM, Brown RE. Glycolipid transfer protein interaction with bilayer vesicles: modulation by changing lipid composition. Biophys J 2005; 89:4017-28. [PMID: 16169991 PMCID: PMC1366967 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.105.070631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are important constituents of lipid rafts and caveolae, are essential for the normal development of cells, and are adhesion sites for various infectious agents. One strategy for modulating GSL composition in lipid rafts is to selectively transfer GSL to or from these putative membrane microdomains. Glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) catalyzes selective intermembrane transfer of GSLs. To enable effective use of GLTP as a tool to modify the glycolipid content of membranes, it is imperative to understand how the membrane regulates GLTP action. In this study, GLTP partitioning to membranes was analyzed by monitoring the fluorescence resonance energy transfer from tryptophans and tyrosines of GLTP to N-(5-dimethyl-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl)-1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine present in bilayer vesicles. GLTP partitioned to POPC vesicles even when no GSL was present. GLTP interaction with model membranes was nonpenetrating, as assessed by protein-induced changes in lipid monolayer surface pressure, and nonperturbing in that neither membrane fluidity nor order were affected, as monitored by anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and 6-dodecanoyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-naphthylamine, even though the tryptophan anisotropy of GLTP increased in the presence of vesicles. Ionic strength, vesicle packing, and vesicle lipid composition affected GLTP partitioning to the membrane and led to the following conclusion: Conditions that increase the ratio of bound/unbound GLTP do not guarantee increased transfer activity, but conditions that decrease the ratio of bound/unbound GLTP always diminish transfer. A model of GLTP interaction with the membrane, based on the partitioning equilibrium data and consistent with the kinetics of GSL transfer, is presented and solved mathematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan S Rao
- University of Minnesota, Hormel Institute, Austin, Minnesota 55912, USA
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18
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Nylund M, Mattjus P. Protein mediated glycolipid transfer is inhibited FROM sphingomyelin membranes but enhanced TO sphingomyelin containing raft like membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2005; 1669:87-94. [PMID: 15893510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Revised: 12/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/29/2004] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian glycolipid transfer protein, GLTP, catalyzes the transfer in vitro of glycolipids between membranes. In this study we have examined on one hand the effect of the variations in the donor vesicle composition and on the other hand the effects of variations in the acceptor vesicle composition on the GLTP-catalyzed transfer kinetics of galactosylceramide between bilayer vesicles. For this purpose a resonance energy transfer assay was used, the energy donor being anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide and the energy acceptor DiO-C16. First, we show that the transfer of anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide from palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine donor vesicles was faster than from dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine vesicles, and that there is no transfer from palmitoyl-sphingomyelin vesicles regardless of the cholesterol amount. In this setup the acceptor vesicles were always 100% palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine. We also showed that the transfer in general is faster from small highly curved vesicles compared to that from larger vesicles. Secondly, by varying the acceptor vesicle composition we showed that the transfer is faster to mixtures of sphingomyelin and cholesterol compared to mixtures of phosphatidylcholines and cholesterol. Based on these experiments we conclude that the GLTP mediated transfer of anthrylvinyl-galactosylceramide is sensitive to the matrix lipid composition and membrane bending. We postulate that a tightly packed membrane environment is most effective in preventing GLTP from accessing its substrates, and cholesterol is not required to protect the glycosphingolipid in the membrane from being transferred by GLTP. On the other hand GLTP can more easily transfer glycolipids to 'lipid raft' like membranes, suggesting that the protein could be involved in raft assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matts Nylund
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Abo Akademi University, P.O. Box 66, FIN 20521 Turku, Finland
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19
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Kalinin SV, Molotkovsky JG. Anion binding to lipid bilayers: determination using fluorescent membrane probe by direct quenching or by competitive displacement approaches. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2000; 46:39-51. [PMID: 11086193 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(00)00125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An approach is described that enables anion binding to liposomal membranes to be assessed from the resulting quenching of fluorescent lipid probes included in the membranes. Lipid derivatives such as anthrylvinyl-labeled phosphatidylcholine (ApPC) and methyl 4-pyrenylbutyrate (MPB) were used because they bear nonpolar fluorophores that localize in the bilayer close to polar heads. Association constants (K(a)) of iodide binding to bilayers of different composition were determined on the basis of direct quenching experiments. For anions that are non-quenchers or weak quenchers (thiocyanate, perchlorate and trichloroacetate), K(a) values were obtained from the data of competitive displacement of iodide by these anions. This approach increases possibilities of fluorescence studies of ion-membrane interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Kalinin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117871, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia
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20
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Grechishnikova IV, Bergström F, Johansson LBÅ, Brown RE, Molotkovsky JG. New fluorescent cholesterol analogs as membrane probes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1420:189-202. [PMID: 10446302 PMCID: PMC4004019 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(99)00088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
New fluorescent cholesterol analogs, (22E, 20R)-3beta-hydroxy-23-(9-anthryl)-24-norchola-5,22-die ne (R-AV-Ch), and the 20S-isomer (S-AV-Ch) were synthesized, their spectral and membrane properties were characterized. The probes bear a 9-anthrylvinyl (AV) group instead of C22-C27 segment of the cholesterol alkyl chain. Computer simulations show that both of the probes have bulkier tail regions than cholesterol and predict some perturbation in the packing of membranes, particularly for R-AV-Ch. In monolayer experiments, the force-area behavior of the probes was compared with that of cholesterol, pure and in mixtures with palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and N-stearoyl sphingomyelin (SSM). The results show that pure R-AV-Ch occupies 35-40% more cross-sectional area than cholesterol at surface pressures below film collapse (0-22 mN/m); whereas S-AV-Ch occupies nearly the same molecular area as cholesterol. Isotherms of POPC or SSM mixed with 0.1 mol fraction of either probe are similar to isotherms of the corresponding mixtures of POPC or SSM with cholesterol. The probes show typical AV absorption (lambda 386, 368, 350 and 256 nm) and fluorescence (lambda 412-435 nm) spectra. Steady-state anisotropies of R-AV-Ch and S-AV-Ch in isotropic medium or liquid-crystalline bilayers are higher than the values obtained for other AV probes reflecting hindered intramolecular mobility of the fluorophore and decreased overall rotational rate of the rigid cholesterol derivatives. This suggestion is confirmed by time-resolved fluorescence experiments which show also, in accordance with monolayer data, that S-AV-Ch is better accommodated in POPC-cholesterol bilayers than R-AV-Ch. Model and natural membranes can be labeled by either injecting the probes via a water-soluble organic solvent or by co-lyophilizing probe and phospholipid prior to vesicle production. Detergent-solubilization studies involving 'raft' lipids showed that S-AV-Ch almost identically mimicked the behavior of cholesterol and that of R-AV-Ch was only slightly inferior. Overall, the data suggest that the AV-labeled cholesterol analogs mimic cholesterol behavior in membrane systems and will be useful in related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Grechishnikova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russian Federation
| | - Fredric Bergström
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Julian G. Molotkovsky
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. Fax: +7-095-330-6601;
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21
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Oskolkova OV, Shvets VI, Hermetter A, Paltauf F. Synthesis and intermembrane transfer of pyrene-labelled liponucleotides: ceramide phosphothymidines. Chem Phys Lipids 1999; 99:73-86. [PMID: 10377964 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-3084(99)00006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid conjugates of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) show activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Here we report on the synthesis and characterization of two pyrene containing conjugates: 2-N-(4-(pyren-1-yl)butanoyl)ceramide 5'-phosphothymidine (Pbs-Cer-P-T) (XII) and 2-N-(10-(pyren-1-yl)decanoyl)ceramide 5'-phosphothymidine (Pds-Cer-P-T) (XIII). These fluorescent labelled conjugates served as model compounds to study incorporation of sphingoliponucleotides into membranes. The complex compounds were prepared by condensation of 3'-acetylthymidine and labelled ceramides using the phosphite triester coupling procedure. UV absorption, fluorimetry as well as 1H-, 31P-, 13C-NMR analyses were used for structure confirmation of the synthesized substances. When incorporated into small unilamellar 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerophosphatidyl-choline (POPC) vesicles and incubated with unlabelled acceptor POPC vesicles, the compounds (XII) and (XIII) exhibited spontaneous transfer. Kinetic data suggest that transfer from donor to acceptor vesicles occurred via the intervening aqueous phase. The non-specific lipid transfer protein from bovine liver stimulated the transfer of Pds-Cer-P-T between phospholipid vesicles in a concentration dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Oskolkova
- Department of Biotechnology, Moscow Lomonosov State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology, Russia
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22
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Brown RE. Sphingolipid organization in biomembranes: what physical studies of model membranes reveal. J Cell Sci 1998; 111 ( Pt 1):1-9. [PMID: 9394007 PMCID: PMC4043137 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.111.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent cell biological studies suggest that sphingolipids and cholesterol may cluster in biomembranes to form raft-like microdomains. Such lipid domains are postulated to function as platforms involved in the lateral sorting of certain proteins during their trafficking within cells as well as during signal transduction events. Here, the physical interactions that occur between cholesterol and sphingolipids in model membrane systems are discussed within the context of microdomain formation. A model is presented in which the role of cholesterol is refined compared to earlier models.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Brown
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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23
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Koynova R, Caffrey M. Phases and phase transitions of the sphingolipids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1255:213-36. [PMID: 7734437 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(94)00202-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
LIPIDAT is a computerized database providing access to the wealth of information scattered throughout the literature concerning synthetic and biologically derived polar lipid polymorphic and mesomorphic phase behavior. Herein, we present a review of the LIPIDAT data subset referring to sphingolipids together with an analysis of these data. It includes data collected over a 40-year period and consists of 867 records obtained from 112 articles in 25 different journals. An analysis of these data has allowed us to identify trends in hydrated sphingolipid phase behavior reflecting differences in fatty acyl chain length, saturation and hydroxylation, head group type, and sphingoid base identity. Information on the mesomorphism of biologically-derived and dry sphingolipids is also presented. This review includes 161 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Koynova
- Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210-1173, USA
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24
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Abstract
Receptor occupation by specific ligands induces changes in the dynamic domain organization of surrounding lipids. Such changes were observed by measuring changes in the fluorescence parameters of fluorescent-labelled lipids incorporated into plasma membranes of intact cells, membrane vesicles or lipoprotein particles in response to specific binding of a broad range of biologically active agents, including drugs, prostaglandins, neuropeptides, antibodies and viruses. The high sensitivity of the fluorescence response allowed us to register changes in lipid heterogeneity induced in a multitude of discrete targets by transient weak binding of a single rapidly translocating molecule. To explain these observations a non-equilibrium model of ligand-receptor interaction based on low relaxation phenomena in heterogeneous lipid matrixes is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Bergelson
- School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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25
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Influence of fluorescent lipid probes on the packing of their environment. A monolayer study. Chem Phys Lipids 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(92)90066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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