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Hedayati-Moghadam M, Razazpour F, Pourfridoni M, Mirzaee F, Baghcheghi Y. Ethanol's impact on the brain: a neurobiological perspective on the mechanisms of memory impairment. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:782. [PMID: 38918289 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is known to have detrimental effects on memory function, with various studies implicating ethanol in the impairment of cognitive processes related to memory retention and retrieval. This review aims to elucidate the complex neurobiological mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced memory impairment. Through a thorough search of existing literature using electronic databases, relevant articles focusing on the neurobiological mechanisms of ethanol on memory were identified and critically evaluated. This review focuses on the molecular and neural pathways through which ethanol exerts its effects on memory formation, consolidation, and recall processes. Key findings from the included studies shed light on the impact of ethanol on neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation in relation to memory impairment. This review contributes to a better understanding of the intricate mechanisms by which alcohol impairs memory function, offering insights for future research directions and the development of targeted interventions to alleviate these cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Fateme Razazpour
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourfridoni
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mirzaee
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Yousef Baghcheghi
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran.
- Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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2
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Brammanathan S, Jain R, Sarkar S, Raghav R, Sagar R. Serum BDNF Levels Among Patients with Alcohol Dependence, Depression and Alcohol Dependence with Comorbid Depression - A Comparative Study. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024; 56:225-233. [PMID: 36972422 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2192985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess and compare the serum brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with alcohol dependence, depression and alcohol dependence with comorbid depression. Three groups each of 30 alcohol-dependent, depressive and alcohol-dependent with comorbid depressive patients seeking treatment were included. BDNF levels were estimated, and scales were administered to assess severity of alcohol dependence (using severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire, SADQ) and depressive symptoms (using Hamilton depression rating scale, HDRS). The mean BDNF value in ADS, depression and ADS with comorbid depression group was 16.4 ng/mL, 14.4 ng/mL and 12.29 ng/mL respectively, and the differences were statistically significant. In ADS group and ADS with comorbid depression groups significant negative association existed between BDNF and SADQ scores (r = -0.371, p = .043 and r = -0.0474, p = .008 respectively). There were significant negative association between BDNF and HDRS scores in depression and comorbid ADS and depression group (r = -0.400, p = .029 and r = -0.408, p = .025 respectively). The BDNF level was significantly lower in the ADS with comorbid depression group and was associated with severity of dependence and depression across the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subathra Brammanathan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Raka Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Raghav
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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3
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Jaehne EJ, McInerney E, Sharma R, Genders SG, Djouma E, van den Buuse M. A Rat Model of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism Shows Attenuated Motivation for Alcohol Self-Administration and Diminished Propensity for Cue-Induced Relapse in Females. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:799. [PMID: 37372084 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in alcohol use disorder. The Val66Met polymorphism is a common variant of the BDNF gene (rs6265) which reduces activity-dependent BDNF release, and has been suggested as a risk factor for psychiatric disorders and substance use. Using an operant self-administration paradigm, this study aimed to investigate ethanol preference and ethanol seeking in a novel rat model of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, Val68Met rats. Male and female BDNF Val68Met rats of three genotypes (Val/Val, Val/Met and Met/Met) were trained to lever press for a 10% ethanol solution. There was no effect of Val68Met genotype on acquisition of stable response to ethanol or its extinction. Met/Met rats of both sexes had a slight, but significantly lower breakpoint during progressive ratio sessions while female rats with the Met/Met genotype demonstrated a lower propensity for reinstatement of responding to cues. There were no effects of Val68Met genotype on anxiety-like behaviour or locomotor activity. In conclusion, Met/Met rats showed lower motivation to continue to press for a reward, and also a decreased propensity to relapse, suggesting a possible protective effect of the Met/Met genotype against alcohol use disorder, at least in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Jaehne
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Elizabeth McInerney
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Ronan Sharma
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Shannyn G Genders
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Elvan Djouma
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3052, Australia
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4
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Simon L, Edwards S, Molina PE. Pathophysiological Consequences of At-Risk Alcohol Use; Implications for Comorbidity Risk in Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Front Physiol 2022; 12:758230. [PMID: 35115952 PMCID: PMC8804300 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
At-risk alcohol use is a significant risk factor associated with multisystemic pathophysiological effects leading to multiorgan injury and contributing to 5.3% of all deaths worldwide. The alcohol-mediated cellular and molecular alterations are particularly salient in vulnerable populations, such as people living with HIV (PLWH), diminishing their physiological reserve, and accelerating the aging process. This review presents salient alcohol-associated mechanisms involved in exacerbation of cardiometabolic and neuropathological comorbidities and their implications in the context of HIV disease. The review integrates consideration of environmental factors, such as consumption of a Western diet and its interactions with alcohol-induced metabolic and neurocognitive dyshomeostasis. Major alcohol-mediated mechanisms that contribute to cardiometabolic comorbidity include impaired substrate utilization and storage, endothelial dysfunction, dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and hypertension. Neuroinflammation and loss of neurotrophic support in vulnerable brain regions significantly contribute to alcohol-associated development of neurological deficits and alcohol use disorder risk. Collectively, evidence suggests that at-risk alcohol use exacerbates cardiometabolic and neurocognitive pathologies and accelerates biological aging leading to the development of geriatric comorbidities manifested as frailty in PLWH.
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Low-Molecular-Weight Mimetic of BDNF Loop 2 Reduces Ethanol Consumption in Female Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:441-444. [PMID: 34542746 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05245-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the effect of GTS-201, a low-molecular weight mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) loop 2, on persistent alcohol craving in outbred male and female albino rats with ethanol preference score ~50% developed in the free choice paradigm between 10% ethanol and water over 24 weeks. Both single and subchronic (5 days) injections of GTS-201 in a daily dose of 5 μg/kg reduced alcohol deprivation effect in female, but not in male rats. The possibility of in vivo sex-dependent regulation of modeled alcohol craving with a low-molecular-weight dipeptide mimetic of BDNF loop 2 was demonstrated and sex-related differences in this effect were revealed.
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Maxi JK, Foret BL, Amedee AM, McDaniel LS, Nelson S, Simon L, Edwards S, Molina PE. Antiretroviral therapy administration reduces neuroinflammation without restoring brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in alcohol-administered simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques. AIDS 2021; 35:1343-1353. [PMID: 33813553 PMCID: PMC8243820 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined interactions between simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), chronic binge alcohol (CBA), and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on growth factor signaling, neuroinflammatory markers, viral loads (VL), and CD4+ cell counts. DESIGN Adult male rhesus macaques were administered CBA (13-14 g ethanol (EtOH)/kg per week) or sucrose (SUC) 3 months prior to SIVmac251 infection until the study endpoint. At viral setpoint, a subset of CBA/SIV+ and SUC/SIV+ macaques were randomized to receive daily ART (9-[2-Phosphonyl-methoxypropyly]adenine [PMPA] 20 mg/kg, 2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine (FTC), 30 mg/kg). Frontal cortex (FC) and basal ganglia (BG) were collected for gene and protein expression. METHODS Relationships between brain and plasma VL or CD4+ cell counts were determined using linear regression. Effects of SIV, CBA, and ART on markers of neuroinflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling were determined by ANOVA and linear regression. RESULTS SIV increased FC and BG neuroinflammatory and glial cell gene expression (CX3CR1, B2M), and reduced FC protein kinase B phosphorylation. CBA decreased FC and BG tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) phosphorylation, and increased full-length TrkB (TrkB-FL) and SLC1A3 expression in FC and BG, respectively. ART suppressed plasma and brain VL, reduced neuroinflammatory gene expression in FC (IBA1, CX3CR1, and GFAP), and BG (CD74 and CD11ß), and did not restore FC or BG BDNF signaling deficits. CONCLUSIONS Results show ART-mediated reduction in VL and neuroinflammatory gene expression, irrespective of CBA administration. ART did not attenuate SIV- and CBA-mediated BDNF signaling deficits, suggesting these deficits, despite effective neuroinflammation suppression, may explain CBA- and SIV-associated neurocognitive deficits. Therapeutics targeting growth factor signaling may be important adjuvants in treating HIV-associated neurocognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Maxi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
| | - Brittany L Foret
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
| | - Angela M Amedee
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, School of Medicine
| | - Lee S McDaniel
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
| | - Scott Edwards
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center
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Alvarez Cooper I, Beecher K, Chehrehasa F, Belmer A, Bartlett SE. Tumour Necrosis Factor in Neuroplasticity, Neurogenesis and Alcohol Use Disorder. Brain Plast 2020; 6:47-66. [PMID: 33680846 PMCID: PMC7903009 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-190095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a pervasive and detrimental condition that involves changes in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Alcohol activates the neuroimmune system and alters the inflammatory status of the brain. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a well characterised neuroimmune signal but its involvement in alcohol use disorder is unknown. In this review, we discuss the variable findings of TNF's effect on neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Acute ethanol exposure reduces TNF release while chronic alcohol intake generally increases TNF levels. Evidence suggests TNF potentiates excitatory transmission, promotes anxiety during alcohol withdrawal and is involved in drug use in rodents. An association between craving for alcohol and TNF is apparent during withdrawal in humans. While anti-inflammatory therapies show efficacy in reversing neurogenic deficit after alcohol exposure, there is no evidence for TNF's essential involvement in alcohol's effect on neurogenesis. Overall, defining TNF's role in alcohol use disorder is complicated by poor understanding of its variable effects on synaptic transmission and neurogenesis. While TNF may be of relevance during withdrawal, the neuroimmune system likely acts through a larger group of inflammatory cytokines to alter neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Understanding the individual relevance of TNF in alcohol use disorder awaits a more comprehensive understanding of TNF's effects within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignatius Alvarez Cooper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kate Beecher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Chehrehasa
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Arnauld Belmer
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Selena E. Bartlett
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Kethawath SM, Jain R, Dhawan A, Sarkar S, Kumar M. An Observational Study of Serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Patients with Alcohol Dependence during Withdrawal. J Psychoactive Drugs 2020; 52:440-446. [PMID: 32748710 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2020.1795327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a neuropeptide that plays an important role in Central Nervous System development, plasticity, learning, and memory. Its role has been explored in alcohol-dependent patients, though the results have been inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to compare serum BDNF levels in alcohol-dependent patients during withdrawal with age and gender matched controls, and assess changes in BDNF levels in the initial abstinence period. BDNF levels of alcohol-dependent patients (n = 25) were compared with controls (n = 25) at baseline. Additionally, BDNF levels were measured in cases on days 5 and 10 of inpatient detoxification. BDNF levels of controls did not differ with cases on day 1, 5, or 10. But BDNF levels increased significantly during alcohol abstinence from baseline to day 10 (Pillai's Trace F = 3.753, p = .039, partial η2 = 0.246), which may suggest its protective role. Thus, serum BDNF values may be potentially used as a biomarker to assess the abstinence state. However, longitudinal studies in different body samples is essential to better understand the role of BDNF in alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Mohan Kethawath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi, India
| | - Raka Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi, India
| | - Anju Dhawan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Lab Technician of National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) , New Delhi, India
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Silva J, Yu X, Moradian R, Folk C, Spatz MH, Kim P, Bhatti AA, Davies DL, Liang J. Dihydromyricetin Protects the Liver via Changes in Lipid Metabolism and Enhanced Ethanol Metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1046-1060. [PMID: 32267550 PMCID: PMC7211127 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Excess alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) consumption is a significant cause of chronic liver disease, accounting for nearly half of the cirrhosis‐associated deaths in the United States. EtOH‐induced liver toxicity is linked to EtOH metabolism and its associated increase in proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and the subsequent activation of Kupffer cells. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a bioflavonoid isolated from Hovenia dulcis, can reduce EtOH intoxication and potentially protect against chemical‐induced liver injuries. But there remains a paucity of information regarding the effects of DHM on EtOH metabolism and liver protection. As such, the current study tests the hypothesis that DHM supplementation enhances EtOH metabolism and reduces EtOH‐mediated lipid dysregulation, thus promoting hepatocellular health. Methods The hepatoprotective effect of DHM (5 and 10 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection) was evaluated using male C57BL/6J mice and a forced drinking ad libitum EtOH feeding model and HepG2/VL‐17A hepatoblastoma cell models. EtOH‐mediated lipid accumulation and DHM effects against lipid deposits were determined via H&E stains, triglyceride measurements, and intracellular lipid dyes. Protein expression of phosphorylated/total proteins and serum and hepatic cytokines was determined via Western blot and protein array. Total NAD+/NADH Assay of liver homogenates was used to detect NAD + levels. Results DHM reduced liver steatosis, liver triglycerides, and liver injury markers in mice chronically fed EtOH. DHM treatment resulted in increased activation of AMPK and downstream targets, carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)‐1a, and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC)‐1. DHM induced expression of EtOH‐metabolizing enzymes and reduced EtOH and acetaldehyde concentrations, effects that may be partly explained by changes in NAD+. Furthermore, DHM reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in sera and cell models. Conclusion In total, these findings support the utility of DHM as a dietary supplement to reduce EtOH‐induced liver injury via changes in lipid metabolism, enhancement of EtOH metabolism, and suppressing inflammation responses to promote liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Silva
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xin Yu
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Renita Moradian
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carson Folk
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Maximilian H Spatz
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Phoebe Kim
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adil A Bhatti
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daryl L Davies
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jing Liang
- From the, Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a large family of proteins that transduce extracellular signals to the inside of the cell to ultimately affect important cellular functions such as cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, differentiation, and migration. They are expressed in the nervous system and can regulate behavior through modulation of neuronal and glial function. As a result, RTKs are implicated in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders such as depression and addiction. Evidence has emerged that 5 RTKs (tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), RET proto-oncogene (RET), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) modulate alcohol drinking and other behaviors related to alcohol addiction. RTKs are considered highly "druggable" targets and small-molecule inhibitors of RTKs have been developed for the treatment of various conditions, particularly cancer. These kinases are therefore attractive targets for the development of new pharmacotherapies to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). This review will examine the preclinical evidence describing TrkB, RET, ALK, FGFR, and EGFR modulation of alcohol drinking and other behaviors relevant to alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Hamada
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, MC 912, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, MC 912, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, USA.
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Silva-Peña D, García-Marchena N, Alén F, Araos P, Rivera P, Vargas A, García-Fernández MI, Martín-Velasco AI, Villanúa MÁ, Castilla-Ortega E, Santín L, Pavón FJ, Serrano A, Rubio G, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Suárez J. Alcohol-induced cognitive deficits are associated with decreased circulating levels of the neurotrophin BDNF in humans and rats. Addict Biol 2019; 24:1019-1033. [PMID: 30277635 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with neurocognitive and memory deficits, dramatically affecting plasticity and connectivity, with maximal expression as dementia. Neurotrophic factors may contribute to alcohol-related cognitive decline. For further investigation, a cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the association of cognitive impairment, by using frontal assessment battery, and memory loss, using memory failures everyday, with the circulating levels of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) in abstinent subjects with alcohol use disorders (AUDs, N = 58, average of 17.9 years of problematic use and 4.3 months of abstinence) compared with healthy control subjects (N = 22). This association was also explored in a pre-clinical model of adolescent rats chronically exposed to alcohol up to adulthood (~77 days old) in a three-bottle free-choice (5-10-20 percent), repeated abstinence and relapse paradigm. AUD subjects had low educational level and cognitive impairment associated with teenage consumption and lower circulating levels of BDNF and NT-3. Only BDNF concentration showed a positive correlation with frontal assessment battery in AUD patients. In the ethanol-exposed rats, the plasma levels of BDNF and NT-3 were also decreased, and a negative correlation between hippocampal Bdnf mRNA levels and recognition memory was found. The ethanol-exposed rat hippocampus showed a decrease in the mRNA levels of neurotrophic (Bdnf and Ntf-3) and neurogenic (Mki67, Sox2, Dcx, Ncam1 and Calb1) factors, associated to a deactivation of the neurogenic regulator mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Results suggest a relevant role of BDNF/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 signaling in alcohol-induced cognitive impairment and suggest that early alcohol exposure-derived effects on cognition are associated with neurotrophin signaling deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silva-Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Nuria García-Marchena
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Francisco Alén
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Pedro Araos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Patricia Rivera
- Departamento de Endocrinología; Fundación Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús; Spain
| | - Antonio Vargas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | | | | | | | - Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Luis Santín
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, IBIMA, Facultad de Psicología; Universidad de Málaga; Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Departamento de Psiquiatría; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología; Universidad Complutense; Spain
| | - Juan Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental; Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga; Spain
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12
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Carito V, Ceccanti M, Ferraguti G, Coccurello R, Ciafrè S, Tirassa P, Fiore M. NGF and BDNF Alterations by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:308-317. [PMID: 28847297 PMCID: PMC6482479 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170825101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is now widely established that the devastating effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the embryo and fetus development cause marked cognitive and neurobiological deficits in the newborns. The negative effects of the gestational alcohol use have been well documented and known for some time. However, also the subtle role of alcohol consumption by fathers prior to mating is drawing special attention. Objective Both paternal and maternal alcohol exposure has been shown to affect the neurotrophins' signalling pathways in the brain and in target organs of ethanol intoxication. Neurotrophins, in particular nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are molecules playing a pivotal role in the survival, development and function of the peripheral and central nervous systems but also in the pathogenesis of developmental defects caused by alcohol exposure. Methods New researches from the available literature and experimental data from our laboratory are presented in this review to offer the most recent findings regarding the effects of maternal and paternal prenatal ethanol exposure especially on the neurotrophins' signalling pathways. Results NGF and BDNF changes play a subtle role in short- and long-lasting effects of alcohol in ethanol target tissues, including neuronal cell death and severe cognitive and physiological deficits in the newborns. Conclusion The review suggests a possible therapeutic intervention based on the use of specific molecules with antioxidant properties in order to induce a potential prevention of the harmful effects of the paternal and/or maternal alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carito
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Ceccanti
- Center for Alcohol Abuse (Centro Riferimento Alcologico Regione Lazio-CRARL), Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Ferraguti
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Ciafrè
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, (IFT-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Tirassa
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN-CNR), Rome, Italy
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A. Quinteros D, Witt Hansen A, Bellaver B, Bobermin LD, R. Pulcinelli R, Bandiera S, Caletti G, Bitencourt PER, Quincozes-Santos A, Gomez R. Combined Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco Smoke Changes Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Neurotrophic Parameters in Different Areas of the Brains of Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1336-1346. [PMID: 30653286 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Devastating effects of exposure to alcohol and tobacco smoke on health are extensively reported in the literature. However, few studies have attempted to elucidate the consequences of their combined use on the central nervous system. Here we studied the effect of this combined use on some oxidative, inflammatory, and neurotrophic parameters in the hippocampus, striatum, and frontal cortex of rats. Adult Wistar rats were allocated into control (CT), alcohol (AL), tobacco smoke (TB), or combined (ALTB) groups. Rats were exposed to environmental air (CT and AL groups) or to the smoke from six cigarettes (TB and ALTB groups) immediately after tap water (CT and TB) or 2 g of alcohol/kg (AL and ALTB) oral gavage administration, twice a day, for 4 weeks. On day 28, rats were euthanized and areas of the brain were dissected to evaluate some cellular redox parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. A one-way analysis of variance showed that the ALTB combined treatment significantly increased oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus. ALTB also increased interleukin-1β levels in the striatum and frontal cortex and tumoral necrosis factor-α levels in the frontal cortex compared with those of AL, TB, and CT rats. Combined treatment also decreased the BDNF levels in the frontal cortex of rats. Oxidative damage was found, more importantly, in the hippocampus, and inflammatory parameters were extended to all areas of the brain that were studied. Our results showed an interaction between alcohol and tobacco smoke according to the area of the brain, suggesting an additional risk of neural damage in alcoholics who smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane A. Quinteros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Alana Witt Hansen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Larissa D. Bobermin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Rianne R. Pulcinelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Solange Bandiera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Greice Caletti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Paula E. R. Bitencourt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Rosane Gomez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica (PPGFT), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
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Xu Z, Wang C, Dong X, Hu T, Wang L, Zhao W, Zhu S, Li G, Hu Y, Gao Q, Wan J, Liu Z, Sun J. Chronic alcohol exposure induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and its correlations with neuropsychic behaviors and brain BDNF/Gabra1 changes in mice. Biofactors 2019; 45:187-199. [PMID: 30417952 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol addiction can cause brain dysfunction and many other diseases. Recently, increasing evidences have suggested that gut microbiota plays a vital role in regulating alcohol addiction. However, the exact mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Here, our study focused on the intestinal bacteria alternations and their correlations with alcohol-induced neuropsychic behaviors. When consuming alcohol over 3-week period, animals gradually displayed anxiety/depression-like behaviors. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing showed significant intestinal microflora dysbiosis and distinct community composition. Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were both increased at the phylum level. At the genus level, Adlercreutzia spp., Allobaculum spp., and Turicibacter spp. were increased whereas Helicobacter spp. was decreased. We also found that the distances in inner zone measured by open field test and 4% (v/v) alcohol preference percentages were significantly correlated with Adlercreutzia spp. The possible mechanisms were explored and we found the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and α1 subunit of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor (Gabra1) were both decreased in prefrontal cortex (PFC). Especially, further correlation analyses demonstrated that decreased Adlercreutzia spp. was positively correlated with alcohol preference and negatively correlated with anxiety-like behavior and BDNF/Gabra1 changes in PFC. Similar relationships were observed between Allobaculum spp. and alcohol preference and BDNF changes. Helicobacter spp. and Turicibacter spp. were also correlated with PFC BDNF and hippocampus Gabra1 level. Taken together, our study showed that gut microbiota dysbiosis during chronic alcohol exposure was closely correlated with alcohol-induced neuropsychic behaviors and BDNF/Gabra1 expression, which provides a new perspective for understanding underlying mechanisms in alcohol addiction. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(2):187-199, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Dong
- Department of Orthopedic, Osteological Hospital of Yishengjian, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Orthopedic, Osteological Hospital of Yishengjian, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Hematology, School of Nursing Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaowei Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guibao Li
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlai Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiale Wan
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zengxun Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) determines a sex difference in cue-conditioned alcohol seeking in rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 339:73-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Kim HH, Choi SC, Chae MK, Min YG. Neuroprotective effect of ethanol in acute carbon monoxide intoxication: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9569. [PMID: 29505539 PMCID: PMC5943126 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication, treatment of neurologic injury and prevention of neurological sequelae are primary concerns. Ethanol is the one of the frequent substances which is co-ingested in intentional CO poisoning. Neuroprotective effect of ethanol was highlighted and demonstrated in isolated brain injury recently. We assessed the neuroprotective effect of ethanol in acute CO intoxication using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).We retrospectively reviewed medical records for patients who visited an emergency medical center of a university-affiliated hospital during a period of 73 months, from March 2009 to April 2015. Enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups, patients with or without abnormal brain lesion in brain MRI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with brain injury in MRI.A total of 109 patients with acute CO intoxication were evaluated of which 66 (60.55%) tested positive in brain MRI. MRI lesion-positive patients were more likely to have electrocardiogram change, elevation of serum troponin I and s100 protein level and lower serum ethanol level. Serum ethanol positivity was an independent factor for prevalence of brain injury in MRI in acute CO poisoning.This study revealed that ethanol which is co-ingested in acute CO intoxication may work the neuroprotective effect and could consequence more favorable neurological outcome in acute CO intoxication.
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Règue-Guyon M, Lanfumey L, Mongeau R. Neuroepigenetics of Neurotrophin Signaling: Neurobiology of Anxiety and Affective Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 158:159-193. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Taurine restores the exploratory behavior following alcohol withdrawal and decreases BDNF mRNA expression in the frontal cortex of chronic alcohol-treated rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 161:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Yang JW, Ma W, Yang YL, Wang XB, Li XT, Wang TT, Wang XP, Gao W, Li JY, Zhou XF, Guo JH, Li LY. Region-specific expression of precursor and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factors after chronic alcohol exposure. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2017; 43:602-608. [PMID: 28032807 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2016.1263642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse is a serious health problem worldwide that causes a variety of physical and mental disorders. Research has shown that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in alcohol addiction. The BDNF precursor (proBDNF) exhibits different actions than BDNF through separate receptors and pathways in the central nervous system. However, the effects of proBDNF and BDNF in alcohol addiction are not fully known. OBJECTIVES The objective was to identify the expression patterns and effects of proBDNF and BDNF after chronic alcohol exposure. METHODS A total of 40 male adult mice were studied. A mouse psychomotor sensitization (PS) model was established to explore the effects of BDNF and proBDNF treatment following chronic alcohol exposure. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to measure mRNA levels for BDNF, TrkB, P75NTR, and sortilin in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and dorsal striatum of Kunming mice after chronic alcohol exposure. RESULTS In Kunming mice, chronic alcohol exposure up-regulated BDNF and TrkB mRNA levels in the prefrontal cortex, but decreased sortilin and P75 mRNA levels in the dorsal striatum. No changes in mRNA levels were found in other measured brain regions in the alcohol and control groups. CONCLUSION Chronic alcohol exposure induced the region-specific expression of BDNF and proBDNF and their respective receptors in the brain. These results suggest that BDNF and proBDNF signaling pathways may play major roles in alcohol preference and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Yang
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
- b Second Department of General Surgery , First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Wei Ma
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Yan-Lei Yang
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
- c First People's Hospital of Honghe State , Yunnan Mengzi , China
| | - Xian-Bin Wang
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Xing-Tong Li
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Tong-Tong Wang
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Xiang-Peng Wang
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
- d Department of Neurosurgery , First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Wei Gao
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Jun-Yan Li
- e Department of Neurosurgery , First People's Hospital of Kunming City , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- f School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Jian-Hui Guo
- b Second Department of General Surgery , First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Yunnan Kunming , China
| | - Li-Yan Li
- a Institute of Neuroscience , Kunming Medical University , Yunnan Kunming , China
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20
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Lobeline attenuates ethanol abstinence-induced depression-like behavior in mice. Alcohol 2017; 61:63-70. [PMID: 28554528 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that the brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) ligand lobeline reduces depression-like behaviors, ethanol drinking, and nicotine withdrawal-induced depression-like behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of lobeline on ethanol abstinence-induced depression-like behavior and associated neuroadaptive changes in mice. Adult C57BL/6J male mice were allowed to drink 10% ethanol for 4 weeks using a two-bottle choice procedure. Mice were tested after 24 h and 14 days of ethanol abstinence in a forced swim test (FST), a measure for depression-like behavior. Acute lobeline treatment (1 mg/kg) significantly reduced immobility time compared to controls after 24 h and 14 days of abstinence. In addition, abstinence from chronic ethanol exposure reduced serotonin levels in the hippocampus, which was reversed by acute lobeline treatment. Repeated lobeline treatment (1 mg/kg, once daily) for 14 days during ethanol abstinence also significantly reduced FST immobility in mice exposed to ethanol. Chronic ethanol exposure significantly reduced the number of 5-bromo 2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, indicating decreased hippocampal cell proliferation. Abstinence from chronic ethanol exposure also decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the dentate gyrus and CA3 region of the hippocampus. In contrast, repeated lobeline treatment significantly increased both BrdU- and BDNF-positive cells. Taken together, our results indicate that lobeline produced antidepressant-like effects, likely by targeting brain β2-containing nAChRs, serotonergic neurotransmission, and/or hippocampal cell proliferation. Therefore, lobeline may have therapeutic utility to treat alcohol abstinence-induced depression.
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21
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Roni MA, Rahman S. Lobeline attenuates ethanol abstinence-induced depression-like behavior in mice. Alcohol 2017. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Scheidt L, Fries GR, Stertz L, Cabral JCC, Kapczinski F, de Almeida RMM. Ethanol during adolescence decreased the BDNF levels in the hippocampus in adult male Wistar rats, but did not alter aggressive and anxiety-like behaviors. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2016; 37:143-51. [PMID: 26630405 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of ethanol exposure in adolescent rats during adulthood by assesssing aggression and anxiety-like behaviors and measuring the levels of inflammatory markers. METHODS Groups of male Wistar rats (mean weight 81.4 g, n = 36) were housed in groups of four until postnatal day (PND) 60. From PNDs 30 to 46, rats received one of three treatments: 3 g/kg of ethanol (15% w/v, orally, n = 16), 1.5 g/kg of ethanol (12.5% w/v, PO, n = 12), or water (n = 12) every 48 hours. Animals were assessed for aggressive behavior (resident x intruder test) and anxiety-like behaviors (elevated plus maze) during adulthood. RESULTS Animals that received low doses of alcohol showed reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus as compared to the control group. No significant difference was found in prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent exposure to alcohol during adolescence is associated with lower levels of BDNF in the hippocampus, probably due the episodic administration of alcohol, but alcohol use did not alter the level agression toward a male intruder or anxiety-like behaviors during the adult phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Scheidt
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Laura Stertz
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Cavus SY, Dilbaz N, Darcin AE, Eren F, Kaya H, Kaya O. Alterations in Serum BDNF Levels in Early Alcohol Withdrawal and Comparison with Healthy Controls. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5455/bcp.20120731055756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nesrin Dilbaz
- Uskudar University, Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Istanbul - Turkey
| | - Asli Enez Darcin
- Psychiatry Service of Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri - Turkey
| | - Fatma Eren
- Psychiatry Service of Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum - Turkey
| | - Hasan Kaya
- Psychiatry Service of Merzifon State Hospital, Amasya - Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kaya
- Psychiatry Service of Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara - Turkey
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Bazovkina DV, Tsybko AS, Filimonova EA, Ilchibaeva TV, Naumenko VS. Influence of chronic alcohol treatment on the expression of the Bdnf, Bax, Bcl-xL, and CASP3 genes in the mouse brain: Role of the C1473G polymorphism in the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase 2. Mol Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893316010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Fernandez GM, Stewart WN, Savage LM. Chronic Drinking During Adolescence Predisposes the Adult Rat for Continued Heavy Drinking: Neurotrophin and Behavioral Adaptation after Long-Term, Continuous Ethanol Exposure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149987. [PMID: 26930631 PMCID: PMC4773001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has found that adolescent ethanol (EtOH) exposure alters drug seeking behaviors, cognition and neuroplasticity. Using male Sprague Dawley rats, differences in spatial working memory, non-spatial discrimination learning and behavioral flexibility were explored as a function of age at the onset (mid-adolescent vs. adult) of chronic EtOH exposure (CET). Concentrations of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) and beta-nerve growth factor (β-NGF) in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were also assessed at different time-points: during CET, following acute abstinence (48-hrs), and after protracted abstinence (6-8 wks). Our results revealed that an adolescent onset of CET leads to increased EtOH consumption that persisted into adulthood. In both adult and adolescent onset CET groups, there were significant long-term reductions in prefrontal cortical mBDNF and β-NGF levels. However, only adult onset CET rats displayed decreased hippocampal BDNF levels. Spatial memory, assessed by spontaneous alternation and delayed alternation, was not significantly affected by CET as a function of age of drinking onset, but higher blood-EtOH levels were correlated with lower spontaneous alternation scores. Regardless of the age of onset, EtOH exposed rats were impaired on non-spatial discrimination learning and displayed inflexible behavioral patterns upon reversal learning. Our results indicate that adolescent EtOH exposure changes long-term consumption patterns producing behavioral and neural dysfunctions that persist across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M. Fernandez
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, United States of America
| | - William N. Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, United States of America
| | - Lisa M. Savage
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York, United States of America
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Alcohol dependence-induced regulation of the proliferation and survival of adult brain progenitors is associated with altered BDNF-TrkB signaling. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 221:4319-4335. [PMID: 26659122 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effects of withdrawal from ethanol drinking in chronic intermittent ethanol vapor (CIE)-exposed dependent rats and air-exposed nondependent rats on proliferation and survival of progenitor cells in the hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were investigated. Rats were injected with 5'-Bromo 2-deoxyuridine 72 h post-CIE to measure proliferation (2 h-old cells) and survival (29-day-old cells) of progenitors born during a time-point previously reported to elicit a proliferative burst in the hippocampus. Hippocampal and mPFC brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor (TrkB) expression were measured 3 h or 21d post-CIE to evaluate neurotrophic signaling during a time point preceding the proliferative burst and survival of newly born progenitors. CIE rats demonstrated elevated drinking compared to nondependent rats and CIE rats maintained elevated drinking following protracted abstinence. Withdrawal from CIE increased BDNF levels in the hippocampus and mPFC, and subsequently increased proliferation in the hippocampus and mPFC compared to nondependent rats and controls. Protracted abstinence from CIE reduced BDNF expression to control levels, and subsequently reduced neurogenesis compared to controls and nondependent rats in the hippocampus. In the mPFC, protracted abstinence reduced BDNF expression to control levels, whereas increased oligodendrogenesis in dependent rats compared to nondependent rats and controls. These results suggest a novel relationship between BDNF and progenitors in the hippocampus and mPFC, in which increased ethanol drinking may alter hippocampal and cortical function in alcohol dependent subjects by altering the cellular composition of newly born progenitors in the hippocampus and mPFC.
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27
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Ethanol-induced epigenetic regulations at the Bdnf gene in C57BL/6J mice. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:405-12. [PMID: 24776738 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High ethanol intake is well known to induce both anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects, in correlation with chromatin remodeling in the amygdaloid brain region and deficits in cell proliferation and survival in the hippocampus of rodents. Whether only moderate but chronic ethanol intake in C57BL/6J mice could also have an impact on chromatin remodeling and neuroplasticity was addressed here. Chronic ethanol consumption in a free choice paradigm was found to induce marked changes in the expression of genes implicated in neural development and histone post-translational modifications in the mouse hippocampus. Transcripts encoding neural bHLH activators and those from Bdnf exons II, III and VI were upregulated, whereas those from Bdnf exon VIII and Hdacs were downregulated by ethanol compared with water consumption. These ethanol-induced changes were associated with enrichment in both acetylated H3 at Bdnf promoter PVI and trimethylated H3 at PII and PIII. Conversely, acetylated H3 at PIII and PVIII and trimethylated H3 at PVIII were decreased in ethanol-exposed mice. In parallel, hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and TrkB-mediated neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus were significantly enhanced by ethanol consumption. These results suggest that, in C57BL/6J mice, chronic and moderate ethanol intake produces marked epigenetic changes underlying BDNF overexpression and downstream hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Han C, Bae H, Won SD, Roh S, Kim DJ. The relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cognitive functions in alcohol-dependent patients: a preliminary study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2015; 14:30. [PMID: 26405456 PMCID: PMC4581104 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-015-0065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a neurotoxic substance, alcohol can induce neurodegenesis in the brain. Alcohol-dependent patients' cognitive functioning can be affected by chronic alcohol use. In addition, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to reflect the status of neuroadaptive changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and BDNF in alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS The subjects were 39 alcohol-dependent patients. BDNF was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. We examined clinical features and administered the Korean version of Alcohol Dependence Scale. We also used the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) to measure cognitive functioning. Then, we determined the relationships between BDNF and various parts of the CERAD. RESULTS The performance of alcohol-dependent patients proved stable in most parts of the CERAD. Within the different parts of the CERAD, only Trail Making Test B correlated with BDNF. Trail Making Test specifically assesses executive functions. CONCLUSIONS BDNF might play an important role in the detection of neurocognitive function among individuals with alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwoo Han
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Hwallip Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Seonam University, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Doo Won
- Keyo Medical Foundation, Keyo Hospital, Uiwang, Korea
| | - Sungwon Roh
- Department of Mental Health Research, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, 137-701 Korea
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Barker JM, Taylor JR, De Vries TJ, Peters J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and addiction: Pathological versus therapeutic effects on drug seeking. Brain Res 2014; 1628:68-81. [PMID: 25451116 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many abused drugs lead to changes in endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in neural circuits responsible for addictive behaviors. BDNF is a known molecular mediator of memory consolidation processes, evident at both behavioral and neurophysiological levels. Specific neural circuits are responsible for storing and executing drug-procuring motor programs, whereas other neural circuits are responsible for the active suppression of these "seeking" systems. These seeking-circuits are established as associations are formed between drug-associated cues and the conditioned responses they elicit. Such conditioned responses (e.g. drug seeking) can be diminished either through a passive weakening of seeking- circuits or an active suppression of those circuits through extinction. Extinction learning occurs when the association between cues and drug are violated, for example, by cue exposure without the drug present. Cue exposure therapy has been proposed as a therapeutic avenue for the treatment of addictions. Here we explore the role of BDNF in extinction circuits, compared to seeking-circuits that "incubate" over prolonged withdrawal periods. We begin by discussing the role of BDNF in extinction memory for fear and cocaine-seeking behaviors, where extinction circuits overlap in infralimbic prefrontal cortex (PFC). We highlight the ability of estrogen to promote BDNF-like effects in hippocampal-prefrontal circuits and consider the role of sex differences in extinction and incubation of drug-seeking behaviors. Finally, we examine how opiates and alcohol "break the mold" in terms of BDNF function in extinction circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Barker
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jane R Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Taco J De Vries
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie Peters
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Geil CR, Hayes DM, McClain JA, Liput DJ, Marshall SA, Chen KY, Nixon K. Alcohol and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: promiscuous drug, wanton effects. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 54:103-13. [PMID: 24842804 PMCID: PMC4134968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is now widely accepted as an important contributor to hippocampal integrity and function but also dysfunction when adult neurogenesis is affected in neuropsychiatric diseases such as alcohol use disorders. Excessive alcohol consumption, the defining characteristic of alcohol use disorders, results in a variety of cognitive and behavioral impairments related wholly or in part to hippocampal structure and function. Recent preclinical work has shown that adult neurogenesis may be one route by which alcohol produces hippocampal neuropathology. Alcohol is a pharmacologically promiscuous drug capable of interfering with adult neurogenesis through multiple mechanisms. This review will discuss the primary mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis including alcohol's effects on neurotransmitters, CREB and its downstream effectors, and the neurogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kimberly Nixon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
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31
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Hall JM, Vetreno RP, Savage LM. Differential cortical neurotrophin and cytogenetic adaptation after voluntary exercise in normal and amnestic rats. Neuroscience 2014; 258:131-46. [PMID: 24215977 PMCID: PMC3947177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Voluntary exercise (VEx) has profound effects on neural and behavioral plasticity, including recovery of CNS trauma and disease. However, the unique regional cortical adaption to VEx has not been elucidated. In a series of experiments, we first examined whether VEx would restore and retain neurotrophin levels in several cortical regions (frontal cortex [FC], retrosplenial cortex [RSC], occipital cortex [OC]) in an animal model (pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency [PTD]) of the amnestic disorder Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. In addition, we assessed the time-dependent effect of VEx to rescue performance on a spontaneous alternation task. Following 2-weeks of VEx or stationary housing conditions (Stat), rats were behaviorally tested and brains were harvested either the day after VEx (24-h) or after an additional 2-week period (2-wk). In both control pair-fed (PF) rats and PTD rats, all neurotrophin levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], nerve growth factor [NGF], and vascular endothelial growth factor) increased at the 24-h period after VEx in the FC and RSC, but not OC. Two-weeks following VEx, BDNF remained elevated in both FC and RSC, whereas NGF remained elevated in only the FC. Interestingly, VEx only recovered cognitive performance in amnestic rats when there was an additional 2-wk adaptation period after VEx. Given this unique temporal profile, Experiment 2 examined the cortical cytogenetic responses in all three cortical regions following a 2-wk adaptation period after VEx. In healthy (PF) rats, VEx increased the survival of progenitor cells in both the FC and RSC, but only increased oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OLPs) in the FC. Furthermore, VEx had a selective effect of only recovering OLPs in the FC in PTD rats. These data reveal the therapeutic potential of exercise to restore cortical plasticity in the amnestic brain, and that the FC is one of the most responsive cortical regions to VEx.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Hall
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York, United States
| | - R P Vetreno
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York, United States
| | - L M Savage
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York, United States.
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Popa-Wagner A, Furczyk K, Richter J, Irmisch G, Thome J. Neurotrophin levels at admission did not change significantly upon alcohol deprivation and were positively correlated with the BMI and LDL levels. J Mol Psychiatry 2013; 1:20. [PMID: 25408911 PMCID: PMC4223886 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9256-1-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophic factor 3 (NT3) could play a role in addictive behavior. Interactions between BDNF and dopamine transmission influence the alcohol intake. It has been hypothesized that extensive alcohol consumption leads to diminished circulating BDNF levels and impaired BDNF-mediated protective mechanisms. What is more, alcohol dependency causes changes in lipid metabolism which in turn may influence the neurotrophin system. METHODS In this study, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol withdrawal increases the serum levels of BDNF in alcoholic patients and investigated correlations between serum BDNF and NT3 and alcohol in breath as well as with the body-mass-index (BMI), lipoprotein profiles and lifestyle factors in 110 male in-patients diagnosed with alcohol addiction on the first day after admission and at discharge. RESULTS The intoxication level (alcohol in breath at admission) was significantly correlated with liver enzymes and BDNF concentrations (R = .28; p = .004). Patients with positive breath-alcohol test at admission had about 9 times higher NT3 levels and higher liver enzyme concentration levels than nonintoxicated subjects. Alcohol intoxicated patients with pathological aspartate aminase (ASAT) levels had even higher NT3 level (F = 5.41; p = .022). The concentration of NT3 was positively associated with the (BMI) (admission R = .36; p = .004; discharge R = .33; p = .001), and the obese patients had 3 to 5 times higher NT3 concentration than the others. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration levels were found to positively correlate with NT3 concentration levels (admission R = .025; p = .015 discharge R = .24; p = .23). CONCLUSION Other than expected, the levels of NT3 and to a lesser extent BDNF levels, were found to be significantly increased in acute alcohol abuse. Alcohol deprivation did not significantly change the serum neurotrophin levels at admission. NT3 levels were positively correlated with the BMI and LDL levels. Because of expected difference between genders, we recommend investigating these correlations further in patients of both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotheraphy, University of Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karolina Furczyk
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotheraphy, University of Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Joerg Richter
- Norway Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, 0405 Norway
| | - Gisela Irmisch
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotheraphy, University of Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Thome
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotheraphy, University of Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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33
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Kim JH, Kim SJ, Lee WY, Cheon YH, Lee SS, Ju A, K M, Kim DJ. The Effects of Alcohol Abstinence on BDNF, Ghrelin, and Leptin Secretions in Alcohol-Dependent Patients with Glucose Intolerance. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 37 Suppl 1:E52-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01921.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JH Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science; The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - SJ Kim
- Department of Psychiatry; Seoul St Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul; South Korea
| | - WY Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism; Department of Internal Medicine; Kangbuk Samsung Hospital; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - YH Cheon
- Department of Psychiatry; Incheon Chamsarang Hospital; Seojin Medical Research Institute; Incheon; South Korea
| | - SS Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism; Department of Internal Medicine; Bucheon St Mary's Hospital; The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine; Bucheon; South Korea
| | - A Ju
- Department of Biomedical Science; The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine; Seoul; South Korea
| | - Min K
- Department of Psychiatry; Seoul St Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul; South Korea
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D'Sa C, Dileone RJ, Anderson GM, Sinha R. Serum and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in abstinent alcoholics and social drinkers. Alcohol 2012; 46:253-9. [PMID: 22364688 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the effects of alcohol on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been extensively studied in rodents, BDNF levels have rarely been measured in abstinent, alcohol-dependent (AD) individuals. Interpretation of reported group comparisons of serum BDNF levels is difficult due to limited information regarding analytical variance, biological variability, and the relative contribution of platelet and plasma pools to serum BDNF. Analytical variance (intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation) of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was characterized. Within- and between-subject variability, and group differences in serum and plasma BDNF, was assessed on three separate days in 16, 4-week abstinent AD individuals (7M/9F) and 16 social drinkers (SDs; 8M/8F). Significantly higher mean (±sd) serum BDNF levels were observed for the AD group compared to the SD (p = 0.003). No significant difference in mean baseline plasma BDNF levels was observed between AD and SD groups. The low analytical variance, high day-to-day within-individual stability and the high degree of individuality demonstrates the potential clinical utility of measuring serum BDNF levels. The low correlations that we observed between plasma and serum levels are congruent with their representing separate pools of BDNF. The observation of higher basal serum BDNF in the AD group without a concomitant elevation in plasma BDNF levels indicates that the elevated serum BDNF in AD patients is not due to greater BDNF exposure. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate mechanisms underlying this alteration and determine the utility of serum BDNF as a predictor or surrogate marker of chronic alcohol abuse.
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35
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Hauser SR, Getachew B, Taylor RE, Tizabi Y. Alcohol induced depressive-like behavior is associated with a reduction in hippocampal BDNF. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:253-8. [PMID: 21930150 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Strong positive correlation between depression and alcoholism is evident in epidemiological reports. However, a causal relationship for this co-morbidity has not been established. We have observed that chronic daily exposure to a relatively high dose of alcohol can induce depressive-like behavior in rats and that pretreatment with nomifensine or imipramine can block the "depressogenic" effects of alcohol. Since brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is considered to play an important role in depressive-like behaviors and its elevation, particularly in the hippocampus, appears to be critical for the action of many antidepressants, we hypothesized that: 1. WKY rats, a putative animal model of depression, will show a lower hippocampal BDNF compared to their control Wistar rats, 2. Alcohol-induced depressive like behavior will be associated with a significant decrease in hippocampal BDNF and 3. Treatments with antidepressants will normalize hippocampal BDNF. These postulates were verified by measuring hippocampal BDNF in Wistar and WKY rats at baseline, following chronic (10 day) treatment with alcohol and combination of alcohol with nomifensine or imipramine. Alcohol was administered via inhalation chamber (3 h/day) such that a blood alcohol level of approximately 150 mg% was achieved. Nomifensine (10 mg/kg) or imipramine (10 mg/kg) was administered i.p. daily immediately after alcohol exposure. BDNF was measured by standard ELISA kit. The results support a role for central BDNF in depressogenic effects of alcohol and antidepressant effects of nomifensine and imipramine. Moreover, depression per se as manifested in WKY rats may be associated with a reduction in hippocampal BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheketha R Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States
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36
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Pisu MG, Mostallino MC, Dore R, Maciocco E, Secci PP, Serra M. Effects of voluntary ethanol consumption on emotional state and stress responsiveness in socially isolated rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2011; 21:414-25. [PMID: 21067904 PMCID: PMC3044778 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation of rats immediately after weaning is thought to represent an animal model of anxiety-like disorders. This mildly stressful condition reduces the cerebrocortical and plasma concentrations of 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (3α,5α-TH PROG) as well as increases the sensitivity of rats to the effects of acute ethanol administration on the concentrations of this neuroactive steroid. We further investigated the effects of voluntary consumption of ethanol at concentrations increasing from 2.5 to 10% over 4 weeks of isolation. Isolated rats showed a reduced ethanol preference compared with group-housed animals. Ethanol consumption did not affect the isolation-induced down-regulation of BDNF or Arc, but it attenuated the increase in the cerebrocortical concentration of 3α,5α-TH PROG induced by foot-shock stress in both isolated and group-housed animals as well as increased the percentage of number of entries made by socially isolated rats into the open arms in the elevated plus-maze test. Ethanol consumption did not affect expression of the α₄ subunit of the GABA(A) receptor in the hippocampus of group-housed or isolated rats, whereas it up-regulated the δ subunit throughout the hippocampus under both conditions. The results suggest that low consumption of ethanol may ameliorate some negative effects of social isolation on stress sensitivity and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Riccardo Dore
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariangela Serra
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Neurobiology of Dependence, University of Cagliari, Cagliari 09100, Italy
- C.N.R., Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari 09100, Italy
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Trophic and proliferative perturbations of in vivo/in vitro cephalic neural crest cells after ethanol exposure are prevented by Neurotrophin 3. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2011; 33:422-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Chronic ethanol ingestion, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rats. Neurosci Lett 2011; 487:149-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Huang MC, Chen CH, Liu HC, Chen CC, Ho CC, Leu SJ. Differential patterns of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in alcoholic patients with and without delirium tremens during acute withdrawal. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2010; 35:126-31. [PMID: 21039634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with alcohol addiction and withdrawal-related neurotoxicity. Delirium tremens (DT) is the most serious complication of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). In this study, we explored the differences in serum BDNF levels, measured at baseline and 1 week after alcohol withdrawal among alcoholic patients with and without DT. METHODS Sixty-five inpatients, fulfilling the DSM-IV criteria of alcohol dependence and admitted for alcohol detoxification, as well as 39 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The alcoholic patients were divided by the appearance of DTs into the DT group (n = 25) and non-DT group (n = 40). We collected blood samples of the patient groups on the first and seventh days of alcohol withdrawal and measured serum BDNF levels by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Serum BDNF levels differed significantly among the three groups: (i) control group 14.8 ± 4.7 ng/ml; (ii) non-DT group 12.3 ± 3.3 ng/ml; (iii) DT group 6.2 ± 2.6 ng/ml (p < 0.001). One week after alcohol withdrawal, the BDNF levels increased significantly for both alcoholic groups. While non-DT group had comparable BDNF levels (13.4 ± 3.5 ng/ml) with controls, the DT group still exhibited lower levels (8.9 ± 4.4 ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests chronic drinking leads to a reduction in BDNF levels, and patients with more deficient BDNF expression are vulnerable to the development of DTs. Additionally, BDNF levels elevated after prompt alcohol detoxification treatment. These findings indicate that BDNF could involve modifying the phenotypes of AWS as well as the pertinent neuroadaptive processes of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chyi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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40
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Short-term exposure to ethanol causes a differential response between nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ligand/receptor systems in the mouse cerebellum. Neuroscience 2010; 165:485-91. [PMID: 19861148 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol ingestion affects both neuropsychological and motor functions. We hypothesized that one of the key factors involved in such functions are neurotrophins and their receptors. We have therefore examined the effects of short-term ethanol exposure on the mRNA expression and protein levels of neurotrophin ligands and receptors in the cerebellum using real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting techniques. Male BALB/C mice were fed a liquid diet containing 5% (v/v) ethanol. The pair-fed control mice were fed an identical liquid diet except that sucrose was substituted isocalorically for ethanol. The cerebellum of mice exhibiting intoxication signs of stage 1 or 2 were used in the present study. We found that exposure to ethanol resulted in elevated levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and TrkA mRNA expression but a decreased level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression. The expression of TrkB and p73 mRNA was unchanged. Changes in the level of these proteins were found to mirror these mRNA expression levels. We conclude that exposure to ethanol for a short period can cause a differential responsive in the various neurotrophin ligand/receptor systems. The functional consequences of these changes are unknown at present.
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Moonat S, Starkman BG, Sakharkar A, Pandey SC. Neuroscience of alcoholism: molecular and cellular mechanisms. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:73-88. [PMID: 19756388 PMCID: PMC3747955 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use and abuse appear to be related to neuroadaptive changes at functional, neurochemical, and structural levels. Acute and chronic ethanol exposure have been shown to modulate function of the activity-dependent gene transcription factor, cAMP-responsive element binding (CREB) protein in the brain, which may be associated with the development of alcoholism. Study of the downstream effectors of CREB have identified several important CREB-related genes, such as neuropeptide Y, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein, and corticotrophin-releasing factor, that may play a crucial role in the behavioral effects of ethanol and molecular changes in the specific neurocircuitry that underlie both alcohol addiction and a genetic predisposition to alcoholism. Brain chromatin remodeling due to histone covalent modifications may also be involved in mediating the behavioral effects and neuroadaptive changes that occur during ethanol exposure. This review outlines progressive neuroscience research into molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Moonat
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Bela G. Starkman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Amul Sakharkar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Subhash C. Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820 S. Damen Avenue (M/C 151), Chicago, IL 60612 USA
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Kumar S, Porcu P, Werner DF, Matthews DB, Diaz-Granados JL, Helfand RS, Morrow AL. The role of GABA(A) receptors in the acute and chronic effects of ethanol: a decade of progress. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 205:529-64. [PMID: 19455309 PMCID: PMC2814770 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-009-1562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has brought many advances in our understanding of GABA(A) receptor-mediated ethanol action in the central nervous system. We now know that specific GABA(A) receptor subtypes are sensitive to ethanol at doses attained during social drinking while other subtypes respond to ethanol at doses attained by severe intoxication. Furthermore, ethanol increases GABAergic neurotransmission through indirect effects, including the elevation of endogenous GABAergic neuroactive steroids, presynaptic release of GABA, and dephosphorylation of GABA(A) receptors promoting increases in GABA sensitivity. Ethanol's effects on intracellular signaling also influence GABAergic transmission in multiple ways that vary across brain regions and cell types. The effects of chronic ethanol administration are influenced by adaptations in GABA(A) receptor function, expression, trafficking, and subcellular localization that contribute to ethanol tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal hyperexcitability. Adolescents exhibit altered sensitivity to ethanol actions, the tendency for higher drinking and longer lasting GABAergic adaptations to chronic ethanol administration. The elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie adaptations to ethanol exposure are leading to a better understanding of the regulation of inhibitory transmission and new targets for therapies to support recovery from ethanol withdrawal and alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 3027 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB #7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178, USA
| | - Patrizia Porcu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 3027 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB #7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178, USA
| | - David F. Werner
- Department of Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 3027 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB #7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca S. Helfand
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - A. Leslie Morrow
- Department of Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 3027 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB #7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178, USA, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 3027 Thurston-Bowles Building, CB #7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178, USA
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Lee BC, Choi IG, Kim YK, Ham BJ, Yang BH, Roh S, Choi J, Lee JS, Oh DY, Chai YG. Relation between plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in the male patients with alcohol dependence. Alcohol 2009; 43:265-9. [PMID: 19560628 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) are thought to be related to neuroprotection in cell culture and animal studies. Our aim was to verify the changes in human plasma BDNF and NGF concentrations induced by chronic alcohol use. Forty-one male patients with alcohol dependence were sampled the next morning of admission and compared with 41 healthy male subjects. Plasma BDNF and NGF were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mean plasma BDNF level was significantly higher in the patients with alcohol dependence (3502.21+/-1726.9 pg/mL) compared with the healthy subjects (861.75+/-478.9 pg/mL) (P=.000). Mean plasma NGF level was also significantly higher in patients with alcohol dependence (137.64+/-32.7 pg/mL) than in healthy subjects (112.61+/-90.2 pg/mL) (P=.012). Plasma BDNF and NGF levels showed significant negative correlation in alcohol dependence group (r=-0.388, P=.012). Increased plasma BDNF and NGF with negative correlation in alcohol-dependent patients may have some role in the regeneration of damage done by chronic alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boung Chul Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Fiore M, Laviola G, Aloe L, di Fausto V, Mancinelli R, Ceccanti M. Early exposure to ethanol but not red wine at the same alcohol concentration induces behavioral and brain neurotrophin alterations in young and adult mice. Neurotoxicology 2009; 30:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
The immediate early gene, activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc), has been implicated in synaptic plasticity. However, the role of Arc in alcoholism is unknown. Here, we report that the anxiolytic effects of acute ethanol were associated with increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (trkB) expression, increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (Erk1/2), Elk-1, and cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB), increased Arc expression, and increased dendritic spine density (DSD) in both the central amygdala (CeA) and medial amygdala (MeA) but not in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) of rats. Conversely, the anxiogenic effects of withdrawal after long-term ethanol exposure were associated with decreased BDNF and trkB expression, decreased phosphorylation of Erk1/2, Elk-1, and CREB, decreased Arc expression, and decreased DSD in both the CeA and MeA but not in the BLA of rats. We also showed that BDNF infusion into the CeA normalized phosphorylation of Erk1/2, Elk-1, and CREB, and normalized Arc expression, thereby protecting against the onset of ethanol withdrawal-related anxiety. We further demonstrated that arresting Arc expression in the CeA decreased DSD, thereby increasing anxiety-like and alcohol-drinking behaviors in control rats. These results revealed that BDNF-Arc signaling and the associated DSD in the CeA, and possibly in the MeA, may be involved in the molecular processes of alcohol dependence and comorbidity of anxiety and alcohol-drinking behaviors.
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46
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Davis MI. Ethanol-BDNF interactions: still more questions than answers. Pharmacol Ther 2008; 118:36-57. [PMID: 18394710 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a regulator of development, plasticity and, recently, addiction. Decreased neurotrophic activity may be involved in ethanol-induced neurodegeneration in the adult brain and in the etiology of alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders. This can occur through decreased expression of BDNF or through inability of the receptor to transduce signals in the presence of ethanol. In contrast, recent studies implicate region-specific up-regulation of BDNF and associated signaling pathways in anxiety, addiction and homeostasis after ethanol exposure. Anxiety and depression are precipitating factors for substance abuse and these disorders also involve region-specific changes in BDNF in both pathogenesis and response to pharmacotherapy. Polymorphisms in the genes coding for BDNF and its receptor TrkB are linked to affective, substance abuse and appetitive disorders and therefore may play a role in the development of alcoholism. This review summarizes historical and pre-clinical data on BDNF and TrkB as it relates to ethanol toxicity and addiction. Many unresolved questions about region-specific changes in BDNF expression and the precise role of BDNF in neuropsychiatric disorders and addiction remain to be elucidated. Resolution of these questions will require significant integration of the literature on addiction and comorbid psychiatric disorders that contribute to the development of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret I Davis
- Section on Synaptic Pharmacology, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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47
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Bruns MB, Miller MW. Neurotrophin ligand-receptor systems in somatosensory cortex of adult rat are affected by repeated episodes of ethanol. Exp Neurol 2007; 204:680-92. [PMID: 17320080 PMCID: PMC1995597 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol exposure profoundly affects learning and memory and neural plasticity. Key players underlying these functions are neurotrophins. The present study explored the effects of ethanol on the distribution of neurotrophins in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat. Age- and weight-matched pairs of adult male, Long-Evans rats were fed a liquid, ethanol-containing (6.7% v/v) diet or pair-fed an isocaloric control diet three consecutive days per week for 6, 12, 18, or 24 weeks. Brains were processed immunohistochemically for nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and for the expression of three neurotrophin receptors, p75, trkA, and trkB. Total numbers of immunolabeled neurons in specific layers of somatosensory cortex of ethanol- and control-fed animals were determined stereologically. Ethanol exposure induced an increase in the numbers of NGF- or BDNF-expressing neurons and in neurotrophin content per somata. These changes were (a) time and (b) laminar dependent. In contrast, the number of receptor-expressing neurons did not change due to ethanol exposure or to length of time on the ethanol diet. Thus, ethanol induces the recruitment of cortical neurons to express neurotrophins and an increase in the amount of neurotrophin expression per neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla B. Bruns
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse NY 13210 USA
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, State University of New York, Binghamton NY 13902 USA and Syracuse NY 13210 USA
| | - Michael W. Miller
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse NY 13210 USA
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, State University of New York, Binghamton NY 13902 USA and Syracuse NY 13210 USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse NY 13210 USA
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Bruns MB, Miller MW. THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTED: Functional nerve growth factor and trkA autocrine/paracrine circuits in adult rat cortex are revealed by episodic ethanol exposure and withdrawal. J Neurochem 2006; 100:1155-68. [PMID: 17316397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis tested is that cortical neurotrophins communicate through an inducible autocrine/paracrine mechanism. As ethanol (Et) can induce cortical nerve growth factor (NGF) expression, adult rats were challenged with Et on three consecutive days per week for 6 weeks. The focus of the study was layer V, the chief repository of receptor-expressing neuronal cell bodies. Brains were collected immediately after the sixth Et exposure or 72 h later [i.e., following withdrawal (WD)]. Double-label in situ hybridization-immunohistochemistry studies showed that many neuronal somata co-expressed NGF mRNA with NGF, trkA, or phosphorylated trk (p-trk), essential components of an inducible autocrine system. The frequencies of co-labeling were affected by neither Et nor WD. On the contrary, Et increased the number of NGF mRNA-expressing neurons and the amount of NGF mRNA expressed per cell. Et also increased total cortical concentration of NGF protein, the number of layer V neurons expressing trkA transcript, the amount of trkA mRNA expressed per neuron, and trkA phosphorylation. Following WD, the frequency of NGF-mRNA-expressing cells increased, although transcript and protein content fell. WD induced an increase in trkA mRNA and protein expression, however, p-trk expression was unaffected. Thus, Et treatment reveals that layer V has inducible autocrine/paracrine and anterograde neurotrophin systems. WD unveils the dynamism and recruitability of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla B Bruns
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York-Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
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Rodd ZA, Bertsch BA, Strother WN, Le-Niculescu H, Balaraman Y, Hayden E, Jerome RE, Lumeng L, Nurnberger JI, Edenberg HJ, McBride WJ, Niculescu AB. Candidate genes, pathways and mechanisms for alcoholism: an expanded convergent functional genomics approach. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2006; 7:222-56. [PMID: 17033615 DOI: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe a comprehensive translational approach for identifying candidate genes for alcoholism. The approach relies on the cross-matching of animal model brain gene expression data with human genetic linkage data, as well as human tissue data and biological roles data, an approach termed convergent functional genomics. An analysis of three animal model paradigms, based on inbred alcohol-preferring (iP) and alcohol-non-preferring (iNP) rats, and their response to treatments with alcohol, was used. A comprehensive analysis of microarray gene expression data from five key brain regions (frontal cortex, amygdala, caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens and hippocampus) was carried out. The Bayesian-like integration of multiple independent lines of evidence, each by itself lacking sufficient discriminatory power, led to the identification of high probability candidate genes, pathways and mechanisms for alcoholism. These data reveal that alcohol has pleiotropic effects on multiple systems, which may explain the diverse neuropsychiatric and medical pathology in alcoholism. Some of the pathways identified suggest avenues for pharmacotherapy of alcoholism with existing agents, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Experiments we carried out in alcohol-preferring rats with an ACE inhibitor show a marked modulation of alcohol intake. Other pathways are new potential targets for drug development. The emergent overall picture is that physical and physiological robustness may permit alcohol-preferring individuals to withstand the aversive effects of alcohol. In conjunction with a higher reactivity to its rewarding effects, they may able to ingest enough of this nonspecific drug for a strong hedonic and addictive effect to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Yoon SJ, Roh S, Lee H, Lee JY, Lee BH, Kim YK, Kim DJ. Possible role of nerve growth factor in the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30:1060-5. [PMID: 16737466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have raised the possibility that nerve growth factor (NGF) is abnormally regulated in the central nervous system (CNS) of animal models of chronic ethanol treatment. The goals of this study were to determine whether prolonged alcohol consumption is associated with the plasma NGF levels and to assess the effect of a positive family history of alcohol dependence on plasma NGF levels in the alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS We used the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the concentrations of peripheral NGF in patients with alcohol dependence and in a control group. RESULTS The plasma NGF concentrations in the alcohol-dependent patients were significantly lower than in the controls (71.9 vs 110.5 pg/mL, respectively). Moreover, the alcohol-dependent patients with positive family histories showed a greater decrease in their NGF levels than those subjects with negative family histories (64.7 vs 83.3 pg/mL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the NGF levels may be a trait marker for the development of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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