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Zhang T, Yao C, Zhou X, Liu S, Qi L, Zhu S, Zhao C, Hu D, Shen W. Glutathione‑degrading enzymes in the complex landscape of tumors (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:72. [PMID: 38847236 PMCID: PMC11173371 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH)‑degrading enzymes are essential for starting the first stages of GSH degradation. These enzymes include extracellular γ‑glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and intracellular GSH‑specific γ‑glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (ChaC1) and 2. These enzymes are essential for cellular activities, such as immune response, differentiation, proliferation, homeostasis regulation and programmed cell death. Tumor tissue frequently exhibits abnormal expression of GSH‑degrading enzymes, which has a key impact on the development and spread of malignancies. The present review summarizes gene and protein structure, catalytic activity and regulation of GSH‑degrading enzymes, their vital roles in tumor development (including regulation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, control of programmed cell death, promotion of inflammation and tumorigenesis and modulation of drug resistance in tumor cells) and potential role as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Chongjie Yao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Shimin Liu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Shiguo Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunology Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Dan Hu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Shen
- Department of Acupuncture, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Jiang Y, Glandorff C, Sun M. GSH and Ferroptosis: Side-by-Side Partners in the Fight against Tumors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:697. [PMID: 38929136 PMCID: PMC11201279 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), a prominent antioxidant in organisms, exhibits diverse biological functions and is crucial in safeguarding cells against oxidative harm and upholding a stable redox milieu. The metabolism of GSH is implicated in numerous diseases, particularly in the progression of malignant tumors. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting the regulation of GSH synthesis and metabolism to modulate GSH levels represent a promising avenue for future research. This study aimed to elucidate the intricate relationship between GSH metabolism and ferroptosis, highlighting how modulation of GSH metabolism can impact cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis and consequently influence the development of tumors and other diseases. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological functions of GSH, including its structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, sources, and metabolic pathways, as well as investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying GSH regulation of ferroptosis and potential therapeutic interventions. Unraveling the biological role of GSH holds promise for individuals afflicted with tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulang Jiang
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.J.); (C.G.)
- Internal Medicine in Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Christian Glandorff
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.J.); (C.G.)
- Internal Medicine in Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- University Clinic of Hamburg at the HanseMerkur Center of TCM, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.J.); (C.G.)
- Internal Medicine in Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Zheng Z, Mei J, Guan R, Zhang J, Xiong X, Gan J, Li S, Guo R. A novel liver-function-indicators-based prognosis signature for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:158. [PMID: 38834790 PMCID: PMC11150358 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver function reserve has a significant impact on the therapeutic effects of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the ability of liver-function-based indicators to predict prognosis and construct a novel prognostic score for HCC patients with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. METHODS Between July 2018 and January 2020, patients diagnosed with HCC who received anti-PD-1 treatment were screened for inclusion in the study. The valuable prognostic liver-function-based indicators were selected using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to build a novel liver-function-indicators-based signature (LFIS). Concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were utilized to access the predictive performance of LFIS. RESULTS A total of 434 HCC patients who received anti-PD-1 treatment were included in the study. The LFIS, based on alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio index, Child-Pugh score, platelet-albumin score, aspartate aminotransferase-to-lymphocyte ratio index, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-lymphocyte ratio index, was constructed and identified as an independent risk factor for patient survival. The C-index of LFIS for overall survival (OS) was 0.692, which was higher than the other single liver-function-based indicator. The AUC of LFIS at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month were 0.74, 0.714, 0.747, and 0.865 for OS, respectively. Patients in the higher-risk LFIS group were associated with both worse OS and PFS. An online and easy-to-use calculator was further constructed for better application of the LFIS signature. CONCLUSION The LFIS score had an excellent prognosis prediction ability superior to every single liver-function-based indicator for anti-PD-1 treatment in HCC patients. It is a reliable, easy-to-use tool to stratify risk for OS and PFS in HCC patients who received anti-PD-1 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renguo Guan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiqi Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhao Xiong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Gan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhi S, Huang M, Cheng K. Enzyme-responsive design combined with photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103965. [PMID: 38552778 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive cancer treatment that has garnered significant attention in recent years. However, its application is still hampered by certain limitations, such as the hydrophobicity and low targeting of photosensitizers (PSs) and the hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, the fusion of enzyme-responsive drugs with PDT offers novel solutions to overcome these challenges. Utilizing the attributes of enzyme-responsive drugs, PDT can deliver PSs to the target site and selectively release them, thereby enhancing therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we spotlight recent advances in enzyme-responsive materials for cancer treatment and primarily delineate their application in combination with PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Meixin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Zepeda-Rivera M, Minot SS, Bouzek H, Wu H, Blanco-Míguez A, Manghi P, Jones DS, LaCourse KD, Wu Y, McMahon EF, Park SN, Lim YK, Kempchinsky AG, Willis AD, Cotton SL, Yost SC, Sicinska E, Kook JK, Dewhirst FE, Segata N, Bullman S, Johnston CD. A distinct Fusobacterium nucleatum clade dominates the colorectal cancer niche. Nature 2024; 628:424-432. [PMID: 38509359 PMCID: PMC11006615 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a bacterium present in the human oral cavity and rarely found in the lower gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals1, is enriched in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tumours2-5. High intratumoural Fn loads are associated with recurrence, metastases and poorer patient prognosis5-8. Here, to delineate Fn genetic factors facilitating tumour colonization, we generated closed genomes for 135 Fn strains; 80 oral strains from individuals without cancer and 55 unique cancer strains cultured from tumours from 51 patients with CRC. Pangenomic analyses identified 483 CRC-enriched genetic factors. Tumour-isolated strains predominantly belong to Fn subspecies animalis (Fna). However, genomic analyses reveal that Fna, considered a single subspecies, is instead composed of two distinct clades (Fna C1 and Fna C2). Of these, only Fna C2 dominates the CRC tumour niche. Inter-Fna analyses identified 195 Fna C2-associated genetic factors consistent with increased metabolic potential and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. In support of this, Fna C2-treated mice had an increased number of intestinal adenomas and altered metabolites. Microbiome analysis of human tumour tissue from 116 patients with CRC demonstrated Fna C2 enrichment. Comparison of 62 paired specimens showed that only Fna C2 is tumour enriched compared to normal adjacent tissue. This was further supported by metagenomic analysis of stool samples from 627 patients with CRC and 619 healthy individuals. Collectively, our results identify the Fna clade bifurcation, show that specifically Fna C2 drives the reported Fn enrichment in human CRC and reveal the genetic underpinnings of pathoadaptation of Fna C2 to the CRC niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Zepeda-Rivera
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel S Minot
- Data Core, Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Heather Bouzek
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hanrui Wu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aitor Blanco-Míguez
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Manghi
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Dakota S Jones
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ying Wu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elsa F McMahon
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Soon-Nang Park
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun K Lim
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Amy D Willis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Ewa Sicinska
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Floyd E Dewhirst
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Christopher D Johnston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Alrashedi SS, Almasmoum HA, Eldiasty JG. The effect of dietary eugenol nano-emulsion supplementation on growth performance, serum metabolites, redox homeostasis, immunity, and pro-inflammatory responses of growing rabbits under heat stress. Open Vet J 2024; 14:830-839. [PMID: 38682150 PMCID: PMC11052630 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heat stress (HS) is a main abiotic stress factor for the health and welfare of animals. Recently, the use of nano-emulsion essential oils exhibited a promising approach to mitigate the detrimental impacts of abiotic and biotic stresses, ultimately contributing to the global aim of sustainable livestock production. Aim The current study was piloted to assess the impact of eugenol nano-emulsion (EUGN) supplementation on growth performance, serum metabolites, redox homeostasis, immune response, and pro-inflammatory reactions in growing rabbits exposed to HS. Methods A total of 100 male weaning rabbits aged 35 days were divided into 4 treatments. Rabbits were fed the diet with EUGN at different concentrations: 0 (control group; EUGN0), 50 (EUGN50), 100 (EUGN100), and 150 (EUGN150) mg/kg diet for 8 weeks under summer conditions. Results Dietary EUGN levels significantly improved (p < 0.05) the body weight, body weight gain, carcass weights, and improved feed conversion ratio of rabbits. EUGN supplementation significantly increased Hb, platelets, and red blood cells , while the mean corpuscular hemoglobin and eosinophils were significantly decreased compared to the control one. Compared with EUGN0 stressed rabbits, all EUGN-experimental groups had a reduction in levels of total glycerides (p < 0.01), uric acid, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (p < 0.01). Total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase were significantly improved by EUGN treatment when compared to the control one (p < 0.01), while the EUGN100 exhibited the greatest levels of catalase. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) was significantly decreased in EUGN-treated groups. All pro-inflammatory cytokines serum interleukin 4, Interleukin 1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were considerably decreased after dietary EUGN supplementation (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) were significantly improved in rabbits of the EUGN150 group. Conclusion This study shows that EUGN can be used as a novel feed additive to enhance the growth performance, immune variables, and antioxidants, and reduce the inflammatory response of growing rabbits exposed to thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyghah S. Alrashedi
- Department of Biology, Science College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hibah A. Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jayda G. Eldiasty
- Department of Biology, University College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Qiao W, Li J, Wang Q, Jin R, Zhang H. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Patients with AFP and DCP Double-Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Local Ablation. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:271-284. [PMID: 38333222 PMCID: PMC10849917 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s442366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) have a certain predictive ability for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there are still some cases of aggressive recurrence among patients with AFP and DCP double-negative HCC (DNHC) after local ablation. However, prediction models to forecast the prognosis of DNHC patients are still lacking. Thus, this retrospective study aims to explore the prognostic factors in DNHC patients and develop a nomogram to predict recurrence. Patients and methods 493 DNHC patients who underwent the local ablation at Beijing You'an Hospital between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2022, were enrolled. A part that was admitted from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018, was designated to the training cohort (n = 307); others from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022, were allocated to the validation cohort (n = 186). Lasso regression and Cox regression were employed with the aim of screening risk factors and developing the nomogram. The nomogram outcome was assessed by discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Independent prognostic factors selected by Lasso-Cox analysis included age, tumor size, tumor number, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) of the training and validation groups (0.738, 0.742, 0.836, and 0.758, 0.821) exhibited the excellent predicted outcome of the nomogram. Calibration plots and DCA plots suggest desirable calibration performance and clinical utility. Patients were stratified into three risk groups by means of the nomogram: low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk, respectively. There exists an obvious distinction in recurrence-free survival (RFS) among three groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion In conclusion, we established and validated a nomogram for DNHC patients who received local ablation. The nomogram showed excellent predictive power for the recurrence of HCC and could contribute to guiding clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Qiao
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Di’tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- Beijing Di’tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Di’tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Di’tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghai Zhang
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Brzozowa-Zasada M, Piecuch A, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Gołąbek K, Michalski M, Matysiak N, Czuba Z. A Prognostic Activity of Glutaredoxin 1 Protein (Grx1) in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1007. [PMID: 38256082 PMCID: PMC10816104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) is an essential enzyme that regulates redox signal transduction and repairs protein oxidation by reversing S-glutathionylation, an oxidative modification of protein cysteine residues. Grx1 removes glutathione from proteins to restore their reduced state (protein-SH) and regulate protein-SSG levels in redox signaling networks. Thus, it can exert an influence on the development of cancer. To further investigate this problem, we performed an analysis of Grx1 expression in colon adenocarcinoma samples from the Polish population of patients with primary colon adenocarcinoma (stages I and II of colon cancer) and those with regional lymph node metastasis (stage III of colon cancer). Our study revealed a significant correlation between the expression of Grx1 protein through immunohistochemical analysis and various clinical characteristics of patients, such as histological grade, depth of invasion, angioinvasion, staging, regional lymph node invasion, and PCNA expression. It was found that almost 88% of patients with stage I had high levels of Grx1 expression, while only 1% of patients with stage III exhibited high levels of Grx1 protein expression. Furthermore, the study discovered that high levels of Grx1 expression were present in samples of colon mucosa without any pathological changes. These results were supported by in vitro analysis conducted on colorectal cancer cell lines that corresponded to stages I, II, and III of colorectal cancer, using qRT-PCR and Western blot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Brzozowa-Zasada
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Piecuch
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Michalski
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Centre in Zabrze, Silesia LabMed—Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Matysiak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland;
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Qiao W, Fan Z, Wang Q, Jin R, Hu C. Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict the Recurrence of HCC Patients Undergoing CECT After Ablation. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:65-79. [PMID: 38235069 PMCID: PMC10793121 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s441540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We first aimed to compare the prognostic difference between the application of Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and Non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients with early-stage immediately after ablation. We secondly propose to explore the risk factors for recurrence in patients undergoing CECT, and then develop a nomogram. Patients and Methods Clinical data were collected from 711 patients who received TACE combined with ablation from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022, at Beijing Youan Hospital. According to the imaging methods applied after ablation, patients were categorized into the CECT group and the NECT group and then were compared by Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves. Lasso regression is used to screen risk factors for recurrence and the nomogram was plotted. Finally, discrimination, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to measure the performance of the nomogram. Results The KM curve indicates that recurrence-free survival (RFS) was longer in the CECT group than in the NECT group (HR =0.759, 95% CI 0.606-0.951, P=0.016). Six variables were selected to construct the nomogram. 1-, 3-, and 5-year area under the curves (AUCs) (0.867, 0.731, 0.773 and 0.896, 0.784, 0.773) of the training and validation cohorts proved the good predictive performance of the nomogram. Calibration curves and DCA curves suggested accuracy and net clinical benefit rates. The nomogram enabled to classify of patients into three groups according to the risk of recurrence: low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk. There was a statistically significant difference in RFS between the two groups in the training and validation cohorts (P<0.001). Conclusion We demonstrated that HCC patients who underwent CECT evaluation after ablation had a better prognosis, making this evaluation method highly recommended for guiding clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Qiao
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zibo Fan
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caixia Hu
- Interventional Therapy Center for Oncology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Wang H, Zheng H, Cao X, Meng P, Liu J, Zuo H, Zhang T, Wang Z. Association between serum γ-glutamyl transferase and advanced colorectal adenoma among inpatients: a case-control study. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1188017. [PMID: 38282678 PMCID: PMC10816217 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1188017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests a link between γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and various malignancies. However, the relationship between GGT and advanced colorectal adenoma, a critical precursor to colorectal cancer, remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate this relationship. We conducted a single-center retrospective study from April 2015 to June 2022, enrolling 3534 inpatients including 525 cases and 3009 controls. Data were extracted from the electronic medical records, encompassing clinicodemographic characteristics, co-morbidities, and several blood biochemical indicators. Utilizing logistic regression and curve fitting, we explored the relationship between GGT and advanced colorectal adenoma. After adjustment for confounding factors, we found that for each 20-unit increase in GGT, the risk of advanced colorectal adenoma increased by 6% (OR= 1.06 [1.01-1.12]). Moreover, individuals with high GGT levels (≥50 U/L) had a 61% higher risk of advanced colorectal adenoma compared to those with low GGT levels (<50 U/L) (OR=1.61 [1.13-2.31]). Subgroup analysis demonstrated the robustness of these findings across subjects with different characteristics. High GGT levels were associated with higher odds of advanced colorectal adenoma. Our findings suggest that elevated GGT levels may serve as a potential diagnostic marker for advanced colorectal adenoma, providing new insights into its screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huanwei Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinli Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Shijiazhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haiying Zuo
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
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11
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Ahmadi M, Shahbahrami R, Khajeh F, Khodaeivandi S, Kakavandi E, Raziabad RH, Ghanati K. Aflatoxin B1 and viruses' combined pathogenesis: A mini systematics review of invitro and invivo studies. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152116. [PMID: 38101290 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combined pathogenesis of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and several viruses such as HBV, EBV and influenza virus have been investigated yet the molecular mechanism of their interaction and possible synergistic effects is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES The aim of the current systematic review was to review in-vitro and in-vivo studies investigating the combined pathogenesis of aflatoxins and viruses. METHODS This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PECO (Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcome) criteria for invitro and invivo studies were used to evaluate the eligibility of the studies for systematic review. RESULTS 21 studies were eligible for qualitative analysis based on the inclusion criteria. Of all the included studies, 9 (42.9 %) were invivo, 7 (33.3 %) were invitro-invivo and 5(23.8) articles conducted only invitro assay. Furthermore 14 (66.6 %) article explored hepatitis B virus (HBV) combination with AFB1, 4 (19 %) studied influenza A virus (SIV), 2 (9.7 %) were about Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and only 1 (4.7 %) included hepatitis C virus (HCV). CONCLUSION The limited collected evidence suggests that AFB1 enhanced EBV and influenza virus pathogenesis. AFB1 also operated as a cofactor for HBV and EBV-mediated carcinogenesis. On the other hand HBV and HCV also induced AFB-1 carcinogenesis. Due to the limited amount of included studies and the inconsistency of their results further studies especially on HBV and SIV are essential for better understanding of their combined mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, (Department and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Shahbahrami
- Department of Medical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khajeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khodaeivandi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Afagh Higher Education institute, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kakavandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hazrati Raziabad
- Student Research Committee, (Department and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiandokht Ghanati
- Student Research Committee, (Department and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Ren XW, Chen K, Wu J, Yang ZL, Ji T, Zhang QH. Distinctive biochemistry profiles associated with hyperuricemia between Tibetans and Hans in China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1229659. [PMID: 38089618 PMCID: PMC10715267 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1229659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We sought to identify distinct risk factors for hyperuricemia in native Tibetan and immigrant Han populations in Tibet, China. Methods Three cohorts of male participants aged between 20 and 40 years were enrolled in this study. Biochemical parameters including serum uric acid (UA), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), thyroxin, blood cell count, aminotransferase, and lipid profiles were analyzed. The association of risk factors with UA levels was evaluated using a multivariable line regression model. The effect of UA level on the biochemical parameters between the Hans and Tibetans was evaluated by two-way ANOVA. Results The prevalence of hyperuricemia (≥420 μmol/L) was 24.8% (62/250) in the Hans, similar to 23.8% (29/136) in the Tibetans. In the regression analysis, the risk factors that were significantly associated with UA in Hans did not apply to Tibetans. Tibetans had higher fasting insulin (P<0.05) and LDH (P<0.01) levels, in contrast with lower levels of triglycerides (P<0.05), total cholesterol (P<0.01), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P<0.01) than Hans in normal UA populations. Biochemistry analysis revealed lower albumin levels (P<0.001) and higher levels of all aminotransaminase and especially alkaline phosphatase (P<0.01) in Tibetans than in Hans in both populations. Compared with Hans, Tibetans had lower serum levels of urea, creatinine, and electrolytes in the normal UA population, which were further exacerbated in the high UA population. Tibetans had comparable white blood cell counts as Hans in both normal and high UA populations. In contrast, the red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration were much lower in Tibetans than in Hans under high UA conditions. Conclusions The distinctive biochemistry between Tibetans and Hans may underlie the different etiologies of hyperuricemia in Tibet, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wen Ren
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang-Lin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Ji
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Medical Center of General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Hong Zhang
- Trauma Repair and Tissue Regeneration Center, Department of Medical Innovation Study, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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13
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Zhang YB, Yang G, Bu Y, Lei P, Zhang W, Zhang DY. Development of a machine learning-based model for predicting risk of early postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5804-5817. [PMID: 38074914 PMCID: PMC10701309 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i43.5804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, studies indicate that nearly 70% of patients experience HCC recurrence within five years following hepatectomy. The earlier the recurrence, the worse the prognosis. Current studies on postoperative recurrence primarily rely on postoperative pathology and patient clinical data, which are lagging. Hence, developing a new pre-operative prediction model for postoperative recurrence is crucial for guiding individualized treatment of HCC patients and enhancing their prognosis. AIM To identify key variables in pre-operative clinical and imaging data using machine learning algorithms to construct multiple risk prediction models for early postoperative recurrence of HCC. METHODS The demographic and clinical data of 371 HCC patients were collected for this retrospective study. These data were randomly divided into training and test sets at a ratio of 8:2. The training set was analyzed, and key feature variables with predictive value for early HCC recurrence were selected to construct six different machine learning prediction models. Each model was evaluated, and the best-performing model was selected for interpreting the importance of each variable. Finally, an online calculator based on the model was generated for daily clinical practice. RESULTS Following machine learning analysis, eight key feature variables (age, intratumoral arteries, alpha-fetoprotein, pre-operative blood glucose, number of tumors, glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio, liver cirrhosis, and pre-operative platelets) were selected to construct six different prediction models. The XGBoost model outperformed other models, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the training, validation, and test datasets being 0.993 (95% confidence interval: 0.982-1.000), 0.734 (0.601-0.867), and 0.706 (0.585-0.827), respectively. Calibration curve and decision curve analysis indicated that the XGBoost model also had good predictive performance and clinical application value. CONCLUSION The XGBoost model exhibits superior performance and is a reliable tool for predicting early postoperative HCC recurrence. This model may guide surgical strategies and postoperative individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yang Bu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dan-Yang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750003, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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14
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Georgiou-Siafis SK, Tsiftsoglou AS. The Key Role of GSH in Keeping the Redox Balance in Mammalian Cells: Mechanisms and Significance of GSH in Detoxification via Formation of Conjugates. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1953. [PMID: 38001806 PMCID: PMC10669396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous tripeptide that is biosynthesized in situ at high concentrations (1-5 mM) and involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis via multiple mechanisms. The main known action of GSH is its antioxidant capacity, which aids in maintaining the redox cycle of cells. To this end, GSH peroxidases contribute to the scavenging of various forms of ROS and RNS. A generally underestimated mechanism of action of GSH is its direct nucleophilic interaction with electrophilic compounds yielding thioether GSH S-conjugates. Many compounds, including xenobiotics (such as NAPQI, simvastatin, cisplatin, and barbital) and intrinsic compounds (such as menadione, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and dopamine), form covalent adducts with GSH leading mainly to their detoxification. In the present article, we wish to present the key role and significance of GSH in cellular redox biology. This includes an update on the formation of GSH-S conjugates or GSH adducts with emphasis given to the mechanism of reaction, the dependence on GST (GSH S-transferase), where this conjugation occurs in tissues, and its significance. The uncovering of the GSH adducts' formation enhances our knowledge of the human metabolome. GSH-hematin adducts were recently shown to have been formed spontaneously in multiples isomers at hemolysates, leading to structural destabilization of the endogenous toxin, hematin (free heme), which is derived from the released hemoglobin. Moreover, hemin (the form of oxidized heme) has been found to act through the Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway as an epigenetic modulator of GSH metabolism. Last but not least, the implications of the genetic defects in GSH metabolism, recorded in hemolytic syndromes, cancer and other pathologies, are presented and discussed under the framework of conceptualizing that GSH S-conjugates could be regarded as signatures of the cellular metabolism in the diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asterios S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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15
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Mitrić A, Castellano I. Targeting gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: A pleiotropic enzyme involved in glutathione metabolism and in the control of redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:672-683. [PMID: 37739139 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is an enzyme located on the outer membrane of the cells where it regulates the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular antioxidant thiol. GGT plays a key role in the control of redox homeostasis, by hydrolyzing extracellular GSH and providing the cell with the recovery of cysteine, which is necessary for de novo intracellular GSH and protein biosynthesis. Therefore, the upregulation of GGT confers to the cell greater resistance to oxidative stress and the advantage of growing fast. Indeed, GGT is upregulated in inflammatory conditions and in the progression of various human tumors and it is involved in many physiological disorders related to oxidative stress, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Currently, increased GGT expression is considered a marker of liver damage, cancer, and low-grade chronic inflammation. This review addresses the current knowledge on the structure-function relationship of GGT, focusing on human GGT, and provides information on the pleiotropic biological role and relevance of the enzyme as a target of drugs aimed at alleviating oxidative stress-related diseases. The development of new GGT inhibitors is critically discussed, as are the advantages and disadvantages of their potential use in clinics. Considering its pleiotropic activities and evolved functions, GGT is a potential "moonlighting protein".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mitrić
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Immacolata Castellano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy.
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16
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Sun L, Wu Z, Lin Y, Xu S, Ye Y, Yin W, Zhou L, Lu J. Genetic polymorphisms of GGT1 gene (rs8135987, rs5751901 and rs2017869) are associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy and toxicities in breast cancer patients. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:267. [PMID: 37891571 PMCID: PMC10612355 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study illustrated the predictive value of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) sensitivity in breast cancer patients. In this study we aim to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 (GGT1) gene are related to the NAC response and adverse events and to find out a genetic marker in predicting NAC sensitivity. METHODS Three SNP loci (rs8135987, rs5751901, rs2017869) of GGT1 gene were selected and tested among breast cancer patients reciving NAC. Four genotype models were used in SNP analysis: co-dominant model compared AA vs. Aa vs. aa; dominant model compared AA vs. Aa + aa; recessive model compared AA + Aa vs. aa; over-dominant model compared AA + aa vs. Aa. Chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed between SNP genotypes, haplotypes and pathological complete response(pCR), adverse events as well as serum GGT level. RESULTS A total of 143 patients were included in the study. For SNP rs8135987 (T > C), the TC genotype in over-dominant model was inversely related with pCR (adjusted OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.10-0.88, p = 0.029) as well as the risk of peripheral neuropathy (adjusted OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.15-0.96, p = 0.042). The TC genotype in dominant model was significantly associated with elevated serum GGT level (OR = 3.11, 95% CI 1.07-9.02, p = 0.036). For rs2017869 (G > C), the occurrence of grade 2 or greater neutropenia (OR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.08-0.84, p = 0.025) and leukopenia (OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.78, p = 0.017) were both significantly reduced in patients with CC genotypes. For rs5751901(T > C), the CC genotype could significantly reduce the risk of grade 2 or greater neutropenia (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.96, p = 0.036) and leukopenia (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.84, p = 0.024) in recessive model. CONCLUSIONS The GGT1 gene SNPs might be an independent risk factor for poor response of NAC in breast cancer patients, providng theoretical basis for further precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziping Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanping Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yumei Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wenjin Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jingsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, NO.160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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17
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Chen Y, Mendez K, Begum S, Dean E, Chatelaine H, Braisted J, Fangal VD, Cote M, Huang M, Chu SH, Stav M, Chen Q, Prince N, Kelly R, Christopher KB, Diray-Arce J, Mathé EA, Lasky-Su J. The value of prospective metabolomic susceptibility endotypes: broad applicability for infectious diseases. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104791. [PMID: 37734204 PMCID: PMC10518609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As new infectious diseases (ID) emerge and others continue to mutate, there remains an imminent threat, especially for vulnerable individuals. Yet no generalizable framework exists to identify the at-risk group prior to infection. Metabolomics has the advantage of capturing the existing physiologic state, unobserved via current clinical measures. Furthermore, metabolomics profiling during acute disease can be influenced by confounding factors such as indications, medical treatments, and lifestyles. METHODS We employed metabolomic profiling to cluster infection-free individuals and assessed their relationship with COVID severity and influenza incidence/recurrence. FINDINGS We identified a metabolomic susceptibility endotype that was strongly associated with both severe COVID (ORICUadmission = 6.7, p-value = 1.2 × 10-08, ORmortality = 4.7, p-value = 1.6 × 10-04) and influenza (ORincidence = 2.9; p-values = 2.2 × 10-4, βrecurrence = 1.03; p-value = 5.1 × 10-3). We observed similar severity associations when recapitulating this susceptibility endotype using metabolomics from individuals during and after acute COVID infection. We demonstrate the value of using metabolomic endotyping to identify a metabolically susceptible group for two-and potentially more-IDs that are driven by increases in specific amino acids, including microbial-related metabolites such as tryptophan, bile acids, histidine, polyamine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine metabolism, as well as carbohydrates involved in glycolysis. INTERPRETATIONS These metabolites may be identified prior to infection to enable protective measures for these individuals. FUNDING The Longitudinal EMR and Omics COVID-19 Cohort (LEOCC) and metabolomic profiling were supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Intramural Research Program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Mendez
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sofina Begum
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Dean
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haley Chatelaine
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Science, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John Braisted
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Science, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Vrushali D Fangal
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Cote
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Su H Chu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meryl Stav
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qingwen Chen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Prince
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth B Christopher
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joann Diray-Arce
- Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ewy A Mathé
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Science, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Zhou Q, Xiang J, Qiu N, Wang Y, Piao Y, Shao S, Tang J, Zhou Z, Shen Y. Tumor Abnormality-Oriented Nanomedicine Design. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10920-10989. [PMID: 37713432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer nanomedicines have been proven effective in mitigating the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, challenges remain in augmenting their therapeutic efficacy. Nanomedicines responsive to the pathological abnormalities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are expected to overcome the biological limitations of conventional nanomedicines, enhance the therapeutic efficacies, and further reduce the side effects. This Review aims to quantitate the various pathological abnormalities in the TME, which may serve as unique endogenous stimuli for the design of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines, and to provide a broad and objective perspective on the current understanding of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines for cancer treatment. We dissect the typical transport process and barriers of cancer drug delivery, highlight the key design principles of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines designed to tackle the series of barriers in the typical drug delivery process, and discuss the "all-into-one" and "one-for-all" strategies for integrating the needed properties for nanomedicines. Ultimately, we provide insight into the challenges and future perspectives toward the clinical translation of stimuli-responsive nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Xiang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yechun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ying Piao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiqun Shao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbin Tang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Center for Bionanoengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Long H, Zhu W, Wei L, Zhao J. Iron homeostasis imbalance and ferroptosis in brain diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e298. [PMID: 37377861 PMCID: PMC10292684 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain iron homeostasis is maintained through the normal function of blood-brain barrier and iron regulation at the systemic and cellular levels, which is fundamental to normal brain function. Excess iron can catalyze the generation of free radicals through Fenton reactions due to its dual redox state, thus causing oxidative stress. Numerous evidence has indicated brain diseases, especially stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, are closely related to the mechanism of iron homeostasis imbalance in the brain. For one thing, brain diseases promote brain iron accumulation. For another, iron accumulation amplifies damage to the nervous system and exacerbates patients' outcomes. In addition, iron accumulation triggers ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent type of programmed cell death, which is closely related to neurodegeneration and has received wide attention in recent years. In this context, we outline the mechanism of a normal brain iron metabolism and focus on the current mechanism of the iron homeostasis imbalance in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Meanwhile, we also discuss the mechanism of ferroptosis and simultaneously enumerate the newly discovered drugs for iron chelators and ferroptosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Long
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wangshu Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jungong Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
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20
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Guan H, Liu K, Fan X, Yu H, Qin Y, Yang J, Zhu Z, Shen C, Pan E, Lu Y, Zhou J, Su J, Wu M. Association of gamma-glutamyl transferase concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes 2023; 15:674-684. [PMID: 37161588 PMCID: PMC10415869 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence links gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) to mortality in the general population. However, the relationship of GGT with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk has been little explored in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS We recruited 20 340 community-dwelling T2DM patients between 2013 and 2014 in Jiangsu, China. Cox regression models were used to assess associations of GGT with all-cause and specific-cause mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze dose-response relationships between GGT and mortality. Stratified analysis was conducted to examine potential interaction effects by age, sex, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 7.04 years (interquartile range: 6.98-7.08), 2728 deaths occurred, including 902 (33.09%) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and 754 (27.58%) due to cancer. GGT concentrations were positively associated with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest (Q5) vs. the lowest quintile (Q1) were 1.63 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.44-1.84) for all-cause mortality, 1.87 (95% CI: 1.49-2.35) for CVD mortality, and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13-1.81) for cancer mortality. Effect modification by BMI and dyslipidemia was observed for all-cause mortality (both p for interaction <.05), and HRs were stronger in the BMI <25 kg/m2 group and those without dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that, in Chinese T2DM patients, elevated serum GGT concentrations were associated with mortality for all-cause, CVD, and cancer, and further research is needed to elucidate the role of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and lipids in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Guan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xikang Fan
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Enchun Pan
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and ControlHuai'an City Center for Disease Control and PreventionHuai'anChina
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and ControlSuzhou City Center for Disease Control and PreventionSuzhouChina
| | - Jinyi Zhou
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Jian Su
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Non‐communicable Chronic Disease ControlProvincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNanjingChina
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21
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Chen ZR, Zeng QT, Shi N, Han HW, Chen ZH, Zou YP, Zhang YP, Wu F, Xu LQ, Jin HS. Laboratory scoring system to predict hepatic indocyanine green clearance ability during fluorescence imaging-guided laparoscopic hepatectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1442-1453. [PMID: 37555108 PMCID: PMC10405101 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i7.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence played an important role in tumor localization and margin delineation in hepatobiliary surgery. However, the preoperative regimen of ICG administration was still controversial. Factors associated with tumor fluorescence staining effect were unclear. AIM To investigate the preoperative laboratory indexes corelated with ICG fluorescence staining effect and establish a novel laboratory scoring system to screen specifical patients who need ICG dose adjustment. METHODS To investigate the predictive indicators of ICG fluorescence characteristics in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy from January 2018 to January 2021 were included. Blood laboratory tests were completed within 1 wk before surgery. All patients received 5 mg ICG injection 24 h before surgery for preliminary tumor imaging. ImageJ software was used to measure the fluorescence intensity values of regions of interest. Correlation analysis was used to identify risk factors. A laboratory risk model was established to identify individuals at high risk for high liver background fluorescence. RESULTS There were 110 patients who were enrolled in this study from January 2019 to January 2021. The mean values of fluorescence intensity of liver background (FI-LB), fluorescence intensity of gallbladder, and fluorescence intensity of target area were 18.87 ± 17.06, 54.84 ± 33.29, and 68.56 ± 36.11, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that FI-LB was a good indicator for liver clearance ability [area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.984]. Correlation analysis found pre-operative aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, adenosine deaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase were positively associated with FI-LB and red blood cell, cholinesterase, and were negatively associated with FI-LB. Total laboratory risk score (TLRS) was calculated according to ROC curve (AUC = 0.848, sensitivity = 0.773, specificity = 0.885). When TLRS was greater than 6.5, the liver clearance ability of ICG was considered as poor. CONCLUSION Preoperative laboratory blood indicators can predict hepatic ICG clearance ability. Surgeons can adjust the dose and timing of ICG preoperatively to achieve better liver fluorescent staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Rong Chen
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Teng Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Han
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Ping Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan-Peng Zhang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lian-Qun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Sheng Jin
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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22
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Bist G, Luong NT, Mahabubur Rahman KM, Ruszaj DM, Li C, Hanigan MH, You Y. SAR of L-ABBA analogs for GGT1 inhibitory activity and L-ABBA's effect on plasma cysteine and GSH species. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023:129406. [PMID: 37423504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transferase 1 (GGT1) is a critical enzyme involved in the hydrolysis and/or transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups of glutathione, which helps maintain cysteine levels in plasma. In this study, we synthesized L-ABBA analogs to investigate their inhibitory effect on GGT1 hydrolysis and transpeptidase activity, with the goal of defining the pharmacophore of L-ABBA. Our structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that an α-COO- and α-NH3+ group, as well as a two-CH2 unit distance between α-C and boronic acid, are essential for the activity. The addition of an R (alkyl) group at the α-C reduced the activity of GGT1 inhibition, with L-ABBA being the most potent inhibitor among the analogs. Next, we investigated the impact of L-ABBA on plasma levels of cysteine and GSH species, with the expectation of observing reduced cysteine levels and enhanced GSH levels due to its GGT1 inhibition. We administered L-ABBA intraperitoneally and determined the plasma levels of cysteine, cystine, GSH, and GSSG using LCMS. Our results showed time- and L-ABBA dose-dependent changes in total plasma cysteine and GSH levels. This study is the first to demonstrate the regulation of plasma thiol species upon GGT1 inhibition, with plasma cystine levels reduced by up to ∼75% with L-ABBA (0.3 mg/dose). Cancer cells are highly dependent on the uptake of cysteine from plasma for maintaining high levels of intracellular glutathione. Thus, our findings suggest that GGT1 inhibitors, such as L-ABBA, have a potential to be used for GSH reduction thereby inducing oxidative stress in cancer cells and reducing their resistance to many chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Bist
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Nguyen T Luong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Kazi Md Mahabubur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Donna M Ruszaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Marie H Hanigan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - Youngjae You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
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23
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Dickerson BL, Sowinski R, Kreider RB, Wu G. Impacts of microgravity on amino acid metabolism during spaceflight. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:380-393. [PMID: 36775855 PMCID: PMC10281620 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221139189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight exerts an extreme and unique influence on human physiology as astronauts are subjected to long-term or short-term exposure to microgravity. During spaceflight, a multitude of physiological changes, including the loss of skeletal muscle mass, bone resorption, oxidative stress, and impaired blood flow, occur, which can affect astronaut health and the likelihood of mission success. In vivo and in vitro metabolite studies suggest that amino acids are among the most affected nutrients and metabolites by microgravity (a weightless condition due to very weak gravitational forces). Moreover, exposure to microgravity alters gut microbial composition, immune function, musculoskeletal health, and consequently amino acid metabolism. Appropriate knowledge of daily protein consumption, with a focus on specific functional amino acids, may offer insight into potential combative and/or therapeutic effects of amino acid consumption in astronauts and space travelers. This will further aid in the successful development of long-term manned space mission and permanent space habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broderick L Dickerson
- Department of Kinesiology and Sports
Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Ryan Sowinski
- Department of Kinesiology and Sports
Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Richard B Kreider
- Department of Kinesiology and Sports
Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science and
Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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24
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Pérez-Sala D, Pajares MA. Appraising the Role of Astrocytes as Suppliers of Neuronal Glutathione Precursors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098059. [PMID: 37175763 PMCID: PMC10179008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism and intercellular transfer of glutathione or its precursors may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, a common hallmark of neurodegeneration. In the 1990s, several studies in the Neurobiology field led to the widely accepted notion that astrocytes produce large amounts of glutathione that serve to feed neurons with precursors for glutathione synthesis. This assumption has important implications for health and disease since a reduction in this supply from astrocytes could compromise the capacity of neurons to cope with oxidative stress. However, at first glance, this shuttling would imply a large energy expenditure to get to the same point in a nearby cell. Thus, are there additional underlying reasons for this expensive mechanism? Are neurons unable to import and/or synthesize the three non-essential amino acids that are the glutathione building blocks? The rather oxidizing extracellular environment favors the presence of cysteine (Cys) as cystine (Cis), less favorable for neuronal import. Therefore, it has also been proposed that astrocytic GSH efflux could induce a change in the redox status of the extracellular space nearby the neurons, locally lowering the Cis/Cys ratio. This astrocytic glutathione release would also increase their demand for precursors, stimulating Cis uptake, which these cells can import, further impacting the local decline of the Cis/Cys ratio, in turn, contributing to a more reduced extracellular environment and subsequently favoring neuronal Cys import. Here, we revisit the experimental evidence that led to the accepted hypothesis of astrocytes acting as suppliers of neuronal glutathione precursors, considering recent data from the Human Protein Atlas. In addition, we highlight some potential drawbacks of this hypothesis, mainly supported by heterogeneous cellular models. Finally, we outline additional and more cost-efficient possibilities by which astrocytes could support neuronal glutathione levels, including its shuttling in extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Pajares
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Zhang Y, Ma S, Zhang J, Lou L, Liu W, Gao C, Miao L, Sun F, Chen W, Cao X, Wei J. MicroRNA-142-3p promotes renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting RhoBTB3 to regulate HIF-1 signaling and GGT/GSH pathways. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5935. [PMID: 37045834 PMCID: PMC10097650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a critical regulatory role in different cancers, but their functions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not been elucidated. Reportedly, miR-142-3p is involved in the tumorigenesis and the development of RCC in vitro and is clinically correlated with the poor prognosis of RCC patients. However, the molecular target of miR-142-3p and the underlying mechanism are unclear. In this study, we found that miR-142-3p was upregulated in RCC tumor tissues and downregulated in exosomes compared to normal tissues. The expression of miR-142-3p was inversely associated with the survival of patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). RhoBTB3 was reduced in RCC, and miR-142-3p plays an inverse function with RhoBTB3 in KIRC. The direct interaction between RhoBTB3 and miR-142-3p was demonstrated by a dual luciferase reporter assay. miR-142-3p promoted metastasis in the xenograft model, and the suppression of miR-142-3p upregulated RhoBTB3 protein expression and inhibited the mRNAs and proteins of HIF1A, VEGFA, and GGT1. Also, the miR-142-3p overexpression upregulated the mRNA of HIF1A, VEGFA, and GGT1. In conclusion, miR-142-3p functions as an oncogene in RCC, especially in KIRC, by targeting RhoBTB3 to regulate HIF-1 signaling and GGT/GSH pathways, which needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Zhang
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Hematopathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Lu Lou
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Liu
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Long Miao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fanghao Sun
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiliang Cao
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Urology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
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26
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Liao W, Yang Y, Yang H, Qu Y, Song H, Li Q. Circulating gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and risk of pancreatic cancer: A prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. Cancer Med 2023; 12:7877-7887. [PMID: 36583230 PMCID: PMC10134379 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level is associated with pancreatic cancer risk in a large prospective cohort. METHODS The study analyzed serum GGT concentration at baseline of 421,032 participants recruited in the UK Biobank since 2006 through 2010. Information on incidence of pancreatic cancer was obtained from cancer and death registers, updated until 2015 in Scotland or 2016 in England and Wales. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to measure the association between serum GGT and pancreatic cancer risk. RESULTS The study identified 586 cases of pancreatic cancer over a median follow-up period of 7.16 years. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox model, serum GGT level was associated with 14% higher pancreatic cancer risk (hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation increment of log2 GGT level = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.28, p = 0.025). In the total population, the HR for the highest GGT group was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.22-2.30) versus the lowest GGT group. The HR for the highest GGT group in men (≥50.2 U/L) was 1.72 (95%CI: 1.14-2.61) and that in women (≥31.6 U/L) was 1.75 (95%CI: 1.06-2.88) versus the lowest GGT group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested a positive association of serum GGT in pancreatic cancer etiology, implying the potential of monitoring GGT level for identifying at-risk individuals for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Liao
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huazhen Yang
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Medical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- West China Biomedical Big Data CenterSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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27
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Carr BI, Guerra V. Serum Inflammation Parameters and Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: Importance of Albumin and Gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase. Oncology 2023; 101:313-320. [PMID: 36878197 PMCID: PMC10238618 DOI: 10.1159/000527650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many single and combination blood tests that reflect local or systemic inflammation have been shown to be useful prognosticators in patients with a variety of tumor types. To try to clarify, this issue in patients with nonsurgically treatable hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple serum parameters were evaluated for their relationship to survival. METHODS A prospectively collected database was interrogated of 487 patients with known hepatocellular carcinoma and documented survival and having all the inflammation parameters of interest in this study, together with baseline tumor characteristics from CT scans. Serum parameters included NLR, PLR, CRP, ESR, albumin, and GGT. RESULTS All the parameters had significant hazard ratios on Cox regression model. Combination double parameters with hazard ratios >2.0 were: ESR plus GGT, albumin plus GGT, albumin plus ESR. The triplet combination of albumin plus GGT plus ESR had a hazard ratio of 6.33. Using Harrell's concordance index (C-index), the highest inflammation-based 2-parameter prognostic score was for albumin plus GGT. When clinical characteristics of patients with high values for albumin plus low values for GGT were compared to low values for albumin plus high values for GGT (worse prognosis), statistically significant differences were found for tumor size, tumor focality, macroscopic portal vein invasion, and serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. Addition of ESR did not provide additional tumor information. CONCLUSION The combination of serum albumin plus GGT levels was the most prognostically useful among the inflammation parameters that were tested, and reflected significant differences in tumor aggressiveness characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian I. Carr
- Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Vito Guerra
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, S. de Bellis Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
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28
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Ma C, Cao Y, Zhang G, Qiu J, Zhou Y, Wang P, Wang S, Yan D, Ma D, Jiang C, Wang Z. Novel Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Hepatectomy. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:217-230. [PMID: 36798739 PMCID: PMC9925392 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s391755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prediction of prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great significance in improving disease outcome and optimizing clinical management, while reliable prognostic indicators are lacking. This study was conducted to develop readily-to-use nomograms for prognosis prediction of HCC after hepatectomy. Materials and Methods Data of eligible patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Independent prognostic factors were identified by Cox regression, and nomograms for the prediction of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were developed. The performance of the nomograms was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, C-indexes and calibration curves and was verified by the validation cohort. The predictive value of the nomograms was also compared with the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) and the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging systems. Results In total, 599 patients were enrolled in the analysis: 420 in the training cohort and 179 in the validation cohort. The optimal cut-off value of Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (GLR) was 19.5. GLR contributed significantly to the nomograms with good predictive power. In ROC analyses, the areas under curve (AUCs) of the nomograms for 1-, 3- and 5-year DFS and OS prediction were 0.758, 0.756, 0.734 and 0.810, 0.799, 0.758, respectively. The C-indexes of the DFS nomogram were 0.697 (95% CI 0.665-0.729) in the training cohort and 0.710 (95% CI 0.664-0.756) in the validation cohort. For OS prediction, the C-indexes were 0.741 (95% CI 0.704-0.778) and 0.758 (95% CI 0.705-0.811) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves demonstrated satisfactory agreement between nomogram predictions and actual observations. The nomograms demonstrated superior predictive performance to the TNM and the BCLC staging systems. Conclusion Our novel nomograms showed adequate performance in the prediction of HCC prognosis after hepatectomy, which may facilitate the risk stratification and individualized management of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhongxia Wang; Chunping Jiang, Email ;
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Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase: A Friend against Cholestatic Itch? A Retrospective Observational Data Analysis in Patients with Extrahepatic Cholestasis. Int J Hepatol 2023; 2023:2903171. [PMID: 36816714 PMCID: PMC9931488 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2903171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods We included 235 patients with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis due to pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, or papillary carcinoma. Results GGT was significantly higher in patients without pruritus (median 967, IQR 587-1571) compared to patients with pruritus (median 561 IQR 266-1084 IU/l) (p < 0.01). In contrast, median alkaline phosphatase (AP) was 491 U/L (IQR; 353-684) in patients with pruritus and was not significantly different from 518 U/L (IQR; 353-726) in patients without pruritus (p = 0.524). Direct bilirubin was significantly higher in patients with pruritus compared to patients without pruritus (168 μmol/L (IQR; 95-256) vs. 120 μmol/L (IQR; 56.75-185.5)) (p < 0.01). After correcting for the extent of cholestasis via direct bilirubin, the negative association between GGT and pruritus remained significant and became stronger (p < 0.001). Conclusion Serum GGT activity is inversely associated with the presence of cholestatic itch in patients with chronic extrahepatic cholestasis.
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Vašková J, Kočan L, Vaško L, Perjési P. Glutathione-Related Enzymes and Proteins: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031447. [PMID: 36771108 PMCID: PMC9919958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripeptide glutathione is found in all eukaryotic cells, and due to the compartmentalization of biochemical processes, its synthesis takes place exclusively in the cytosol. At the same time, its functions depend on its transport to/from organelles and interorgan transport, in which the liver plays a central role. Glutathione is determined as a marker of the redox state in many diseases, aging processes, and cell death resulting from its properties and reactivity. It also uses other enzymes and proteins, which enables it to engage and regulate various cell functions. This paper approximates the role of these systems in redox and detoxification reactions such as conjugation reactions of glutathione-S-transferases, glyoxylases, reduction of peroxides through thiol peroxidases (glutathione peroxidases, peroxiredoxins) and thiol-disulfide exchange reactions catalyzed by glutaredoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (P.P.); Tel.: +42-155-234-3232 (J.V.)
| | - Ladislav Kočan
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Vaško
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pál Perjési
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pécs, 7600 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (P.P.); Tel.: +42-155-234-3232 (J.V.)
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Gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality: a nationwide cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1751. [PMID: 36720971 PMCID: PMC9888340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25970-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-based data regarding the prognostic implication of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have been inconsistent. We examined the association of GGT with all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Using the Korean nationwide database, we included 9,687,066 subjects without viral hepatitis or cirrhosis who underwent a health examination in 2009. Subjects were classified into three groups by sex-specific tertile of serum GGT levels. The underlying causes of death were classified by 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases codes. During the median follow-up period of 8.3 years, 460,699 deaths were identified. All-cause mortality increased as serum GGT levels became higher (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 1.04-1.05 in the middle tertile, and 1.33, 1.32-1.34 in the high tertile) compared to the low tertile of serum GGT levels. Similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR, 95% CI 1.07, 1.05-1.09 in the middle tertile, 1.29, 1.26-1.31 in the high tertile), cancer (HR, 95% CI 1.08, 1.07-1.10 in the middle tertile, 1.38, 1.36-1.39 in the high tertile), respiratory disease (HR, 95% CI 1.10, 1.08-1.13 in the middle tertile, 1.39, 1.35-1.43 in the high tertile), and liver disease mortality (HR, 95% CI 1.74, 1.66-1.83 in the middle tertile, 6.73, 6.46-7.01 in the high tertile). Regardless of smoking, alcohol consumption and history of previous CVD and cancer, a higher serum GGT levels were associated with a higher risk of mortality. Serum GGT levels may be useful for risk assessment of all-cause and disease-specific mortality in general population.
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Combining Preoperative Clinical and Imaging Characteristics to Predict MVI in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020246. [PMID: 36836479 PMCID: PMC9968216 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare form of primary liver malignancy. Microvascular invasion (MVI) indicates poor postsurgical prognosis in cHCC-CCA. The objective of this study was to investigate preoperative predictors of MVI in hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related cHCC-CCA patients. METHODS A total of 69 HBV-infected patients with pathologically confirmed cHCC-CCA who underwent hepatectomy were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine independent risk factors that were then incorporated into the predictive model associated with MVI. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the predictive performance of the new model. RESULTS For the multivariate analysis, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (OR, 3.69; p = 0.034), multiple nodules (OR, 4.41; p = 0.042) and peritumoral enhancement (OR, 6.16; p = 0.004) were independently associated with MVI. Active replication of HBV indicated by positive HBeAg showed no differences between MVI-positive and MVI-negative patients. The prediction score using the independent predictors achieved an area under the curve of 0.813 (95% CI 0.717-0.908). A significantly lower recurrence-free survival was observed in the high-risk group with a score of ≥1 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, peritumoral enhancement and multiple nodules were independent preoperative predictors of MVI in HBV-related cHCC-CCA patients. The established prediction score demonstrated satisfactory performance in predicting MVI pre-operatively and may facilitate prognostic stratification.
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Xu L, Chen L, Zhang B, Liu Z, Liu Q, Liang H, Chen Y, Chen X, Leng C, Zhang B. Alkaline phosphatase combined with γ-glutamyl transferase is an independent predictor of prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving programmed death-1 inhibitors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1115706. [PMID: 36761721 PMCID: PMC9905229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy plays an increasingly critical role in the systemic treatment of HCC. This current study aimed to establish a novel prognostic predictor of Programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) independent of Child-Pugh grade. Methods Our study screened patients with HCC who received PD-1 inhibitors at Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2018 to December 2020. ALG grade was determined by the patient's serum ALP and GGT levels before the initiation of PD-1 inhibitors. The endpoints of our study were overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Follow-up ended at May 31, 2022. Results Eighty- five patients (77 with Child-Pugh grade A, 8 with Child-Pugh grade B at baseline) were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria. Patients with Child-Pugh grade A achieved longer PFS and OS than those with Child-Pugh grade B. Patients with ALG grade 3 at baseline showed worse tumor response and poorer survival, and ALG grade could stratify patients with Child-Pugh grade A into subgroups with significantly different prognosis. Conclusions ALG grade, combining ALP and GGT, is a novel and readily available prognostic marker and the predictive effect of ALG grade on patient prognosis is independent of Child-Pugh grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhichen Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yifa Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoping Chen, ; Chao Leng, ; Bixiang Zhang,
| | - Chao Leng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoping Chen, ; Chao Leng, ; Bixiang Zhang,
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoping Chen, ; Chao Leng, ; Bixiang Zhang,
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Liu L, Wang Q, Zhao X, Huang Y, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Fang Z, Li S. Establishment and validation of nomogram model for the diagnosis of AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1131892. [PMID: 36890811 PMCID: PMC9986420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1131892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As one of the most common malignant tumors in clinical practice, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major threat to human health, where alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is widely used for early screening and diagnoses. However, the level of AFP would not elevate in about 30-40% of HCC patients, which is clinically referred to as AFP-negative HCC, with small tumors at an early stage and atypical imaging features, making it difficult to distinguish benign from malignant by imaging alone. Methods A total of 798 patients, with the majority being HBV-positive, were enrolled in the study and were randomized 2:1 to the training and validation groups. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the ability of each parameter to predict HCC. A nomogram model was constructed based on the independent predictors. Results A unordered multicategorical logistic regression analyses showed that the age, TBIL, ALT, ALB, PT, GGT and GPR help identify non-hepatic disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the gender, age, TBIL, GAR, and GPR were independent predictors for the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC. And an efficient and reliable nomogram model (AUC=0.837) was constructed based on independent predictors. Discussion Serum parameters help reveal intrinsic differences between non-hepatic disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC. The nomogram based on clinical and serum parameters could be used as a marker for the diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC, providing an objective basis for the early diagnosis and individualized treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyi Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zheping Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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Xie W, Cao B, Zhu H, Raza A, Juckel N, Xie J, Jiang R, Vince R, Lee MK, More SS. Orally Bioavailable Prodrugs of ψ-GSH: A Potential Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14441-14455. [PMID: 36353871 PMCID: PMC9662183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addressing glycation-induced oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an emerging pharmacotherapeutic strategy. Restoration of the brain glyoxalase enzyme system that neutralizes reactive dicarbonyls is one such approach. Toward this end, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase-resistant glyoxalase substrate, ψ-GSH. Although mechanistically successful, the oral efficacy of ψ-GSH appeared as an area in need of improvement. Herein, we describe our rationale for the creation of prodrugs that mask the labile sulfhydryl group. In vitro and in vivo stability studies identified promising prodrugs that could deliver pharmacologically relevant brain levels of ψ-GSH. When administered orally to a mouse model generated by the intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42, the compounds conferred cognitive benefits. Biochemical and histological examination confirmed their effects on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Collectively, we have identified orally efficacious prodrugs of ψ-GSH that are able to restore brain glyoxalase activity and mitigate inflammatory and oxidative pathology associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bin Cao
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Haizhou Zhu
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Abbas Raza
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicholas Juckel
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rongrong Jiang
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Robert Vince
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael K. Lee
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Institute
for Translational Neuroscience, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Swati S. More
- Center
for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Maheshwari N, Khan AA, Ali A, Mahmood R. Oral administration of pentachlorophenol impairs antioxidant system, inhibits enzymes of brush border membrane, causes DNA damage and histological changes in rat intestine. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:616-627. [PMID: 36051662 PMCID: PMC9424705 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a broad spectrum biocide that has many domestic and industrial applications. PCP enters the environment due to its wide use, especially as a wood preservative. Human exposure to PCP is through contaminated water and adulterated food products. PCP is highly toxic and is classified as class 2B or probable human carcinogen. In this study, we explored the effect of PCP on rat intestine. Adult rats were orally given different doses of PCP (25-150-mg/kg body weight/day) in corn oil for 5 days, whereas controls were given similar amount of corn oil. The rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment. A marked increase in lipid peroxidation, carbonyl content, and hydrogen peroxide level was seen. The glutathione and sulfhydryl group content was decreased in all PCP treated groups. This strongly suggests the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the intestine. PCP administration suppressed carbohydrate metabolism, inhibited enzymes of brush border membrane (BBM), and antioxidant defense system. It also led to increase in DNA damage, which was evident from comet assay, DNA-protein cross-linking, and DNA fragmentation. Histological studies supported the biochemical results showing marked dose-dependent tissue damage in intestines from PCP treated animals. This study reports for the first time that oral administration of PCP induces ROS, impairs the antioxidant system, damages DNA, and alters the enzyme activities of BBM and metabolic pathways in rat intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Maheshwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Aijaz Ahmed Khan
- Departments of Anatomy, J. N. Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Asif Ali
- Departments of Biochemistry, J. N. Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P., India
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Amaryllidaceae, Lycopodiaceae Alkaloids and Coumarins—A Comparative Assessment of Safety and Pharmacological Activity. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154291. [PMID: 35893381 PMCID: PMC9332316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the safety and pharmacological activity Amaryllidaceae, Lycopodiaceae alkaloids and coumarins obtained from Narcissus triandrus L., Lycopodium clavatum L., Lycopodium annotinum L., Huperzia selago L. and Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Franch. & Sav. In the in vivo studies. The influence of the tested compounds on the central nervous system of rats was assessed in behavioral tests (locomotor activity, Y-maze, passive avoidance). In order to investigate the mechanisms of action, biochemical determinations were performed (AChE activity, BChE activity, IL-1β, IL-6 concentration). In order to assess safety, the concentrations of AST, ALT, GGT and urea and creatinine were determined. The results of the conducted studies indicate a high safety profile of the tested compounds. Behavioral tests showed that they significantly improved rodent memory in a passive avoidance test. The results of biochemical studies showed that by reducing the activity of AChE and BChE and lowering the concentration of IL-1β and IL-6, the coumarin-rich Angelica dahurica extract shows the most promising potential for future therapeutic AD strategies.
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Yang Y, Yang S, Tang J, Ren G, Shen J, Huang B, Lei C, Chen H, Qu K. Comparisons of Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Brahman and Yunling Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141813. [PMID: 35883360 PMCID: PMC9311853 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brahman cattle are tolerant to parasite challenges and heat stress. Yunling cattle are three-way hybrids that are half Brahman cattle, a fourth Murray Grey cattle and a fourth Yunnan Yellow cattle, with good beef performance. The hematological and biochemical parameters can reflect the physiology and metabolic conditions of cattle, and there are valuable indicators of production performance and adaptability that can be found by studying the cattle. To assess the health status and differences, we compared 55 hematological and biochemical parameters of 28 Brahman cattle and 65 Yunling cattle using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Our results showed that 27 hematological and biochemical indices of Brahman cattle were lower than those of Yunling cattle, whereas the other parameters were higher. There are 20 indices with significant differences that were detected between Brahman and Yunling cattle (with p ≤ 0.01 or 0.01 ≤ p ≤ 0.05, respectively), and no significant differences were found for other indices (p > 0.05). Based on these results, Yunling cattle may have a better physical condition than Brahman cattle, may be better at adapting to local environments, and can maintain a good production and reproduction performance. As a new breed that is half Brahman, the abilities of Yunling cattle, including adaptability, stress resistance and tolerance to crude feed, were better than Brahman cattle under the same management conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- Academy of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Shuling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Jia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Gang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Jiafei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Bizhi Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming 650212, China;
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (Y.Y.); (S.Y.); (J.T.); (G.R.); (J.S.); (C.L.)
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (K.Q.)
| | - Kaixing Qu
- Academy of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (K.Q.)
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Genetic Disruption of the γ-Glutamylcysteine Ligase in PDAC Cells Induces Ferroptosis-Independent Cell Death In Vitro without Affecting In Vivo Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133154. [PMID: 35804926 PMCID: PMC9264981 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The newly described form of iron-dependent cell death, called ferroptosis, has emerged as a powerful strategy for eradicating cancer cells. This is of particular importance for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has been shown to be one of the most aggressive tumors, with a five-year overall survival of less than 8%. The aim of the present study is to identify the most potent and selective target for the induction of ferroptosis in PDAC cells. The results presented here are of great importance not only for the development of novel and more effective anti-cancer therapeutics, but also anticipate potential resistant mechanisms that cancer cells might deploy. This way, ferroptosis-based therapeutics may be a step ahead of highly adaptable cancer cells. Abstract The conceptualization of a novel type of cell death, called ferroptosis, opens new avenues for the development of more efficient anti-cancer therapeutics. In this context, a full understanding of the ferroptotic pathways, the players involved, their precise role, and dispensability is prerequisite. Here, we focused on the importance of glutathione (GSH) for ferroptosis prevention in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. We genetically deleted a unique, rate-limiting enzyme for GSH biosynthesis, γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (GCL), which plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Surprisingly, although glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) has been described as a guardian of ferroptosis, depletion of its substrate (GSH) led preferentially to apoptotic cell death, while classical ferroptotic markers (lipid hydroperoxides) have not been observed. Furthermore, the sensitivity of PDAC cells to the pharmacological/genetic inhibition of GPx4 revealed GSH dispensability in this context. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the complete dissection of the xCT-GSH-GPx4 axis in PDAC cells has been investigated in great detail. Collectively, our results revealed the necessary role of GSH in the overall redox homeostasis of PDAC cells, as well as the dispensability of this redox-active molecule for a specific, antioxidant branch dedicated to ferroptosis prevention.
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The Diagnostic Value of GGT-Based Biochemical Indicators for Choledocholithiasis with Negative Imaging Results of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:7737610. [PMID: 35949700 PMCID: PMC9348969 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7737610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To reveal the relationship between a group of preoperative biochemical indicators such as GGT, ALP, ALT, AST, TB, and DB and the occurrence of common bile duct stones in patients with negative results of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, a retrospective diagnostic accuracy clinical test is conducted in this study. In order to reduce the missed diagnosis rate of choledocholithiasis and perform more accurate common bile duct exploration, 466 patients who underwent surgical treatment of cholelithiasis from January 2014 to December 2015 have been analyzed retrospectively. Firstly, the confounding factors are corrected through Binary Logistic regression. Then, the diagnostic efficacy of each indicator is measured by the ROC curve among different types of patients. In all patients, the top three individual indicators with the greatest AUC curve area for predicting common bile duct stones can be observed from the results of MRCP, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase. Besides, the diagnostic efficiency of the comprehensive evaluation is higher than that of all individual indicators. For MRCP-negative patients, the top three largest AUC curve area of the diagnostic efficacy for choledocholithiasis were GGT, ALP, and DB. For patients who have a suspected diagnosis of secondary choledocholithiasis, the diagnostic efficacy of the combination of imaging results, biochemical indexes, common bile duct width, and other abnormal indicators for choledocholithiasis is much higher than that of the single abnormal biochemical indexes for the prediction of choledocholithiasis. For MRCP-negative patients, GGT, ALP, DB, and the width of common bile duct diameter are valuable for the prediction of common bile duct stones, and GGT is the most valuable diagnostic predictor.
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Dipeptide of ψ-GSH Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061075. [PMID: 35739972 PMCID: PMC9219802 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of glutathione (GSH) levels through varying formulations or precursors has thus far appeared to be a tenable strategy to ameliorate disease-associated oxidative stress. Metabolic liability of GSH and its precursors, i.e., hydrolysis by the ubiquitous γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), has limited successful clinical translation due to poor bioavailability. We addressed this problem through the design of γ-GT-resistant GSH analogue, ψ-GSH, which successfully substituted in GSH-dependent enzymatic systems and also offered promise as a therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease (AD). With the aim to improve its bioavailability, we studied the utility of a ψ-GSH precursor, dipeptide 2, as a potential AD therapeutic. Compound 2 retains the γ-GT stable ureide linkage and the thiol group for antioxidant property. By engaging glutathione synthetase, compound 2 was able to generate ψ-GSH in vivo. It was found to be a modest cofactor of glutathione peroxidase and prevented cytotoxicity of Aβ1-42-aggregates in vitro. Studies of compound 2 in an acute AD model generated by intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42 showed cognitive benefits, which were augmented by its combination with glycine along with mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathology. Collectively, these results support further optimization and evaluation of ψ-GSH dipeptide as a potential therapeutic in transgenic AD models.
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Kalamkar S, Acharya J, Kolappurath Madathil A, Gajjar V, Divate U, Karandikar-Iyer S, Goel P, Ghaskadbi S. Randomized Clinical Trial of How Long-Term Glutathione Supplementation Offers Protection from Oxidative Damage and Improves HbA1c in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051026. [PMID: 35624890 PMCID: PMC9137531 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D) arise from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Here, we examined the effectiveness of supplementation with the endogenous antioxidant glutathione (GSH) during anti-diabetic treatment. A total of 104 non-diabetic and 250 diabetic individuals on anti-diabetic therapy, of either sex and aged between 30 and 78 years, were recruited. A total of 125 diabetic patients were additionally given 500 mg oral GSH supplementation daily for a period of six months. Fasting and PP glucose, insulin, HbA1c, GSH, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) were measured upon recruitment and after three and six months of supplementation. Statistical significance and effect size were assessed longitudinally across all arms. Blood GSH increased (Cohen’s d = 1.01) and 8-OHdG decreased (Cohen’s d = −1.07) significantly within three months (p < 0.001) in diabetic individuals. A post hoc sub-group analysis showed that HbA1c (Cohen’s d = −0.41; p < 0.05) and fasting insulin levels (Cohen’s d = 0.56; p < 0.05) changed significantly in diabetic individuals above 55 years. GSH supplementation caused a significant increase in blood GSH and helped maintain the baseline HbA1c overall. These results suggest GSH supplementation is of considerable benefit to patients above 55 years, not only supporting decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and 8-OHdG but also increasing fasting insulin. The clinical implication of our study is that the oral administration of GSH potentially complements anti-diabetic therapy in achieving better glycemic targets, especially in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kalamkar
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; (S.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Jhankar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; (S.K.); (J.A.)
| | | | - Vijay Gajjar
- Department of Medicine, Jehangir Hospital, Pune 411001, India;
| | - Uma Divate
- Jehangir Clinical Development Centre, Pune 411001, India;
| | | | - Pranay Goel
- Biology Division, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India;
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (S.G.); Tel.: +91-202-569-0617 (S.G.)
| | - Saroj Ghaskadbi
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; (S.K.); (J.A.)
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (S.G.); Tel.: +91-202-569-0617 (S.G.)
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Xie Z, Kawasaki T, Zhou H, Okuzaki D, Okada N, Tachibana M. Targeting GGT1 Eliminates the Tumor-Promoting Effect and Enhanced Immunosuppressive Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Caused by G-CSF. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:873792. [PMID: 35548341 PMCID: PMC9081766 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.873792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are major immunosuppressive cells that accumulate in tumor-bearing hosts. Since MDSCs suppress anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression, they are promising targets for cancer immunotherapy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an agent used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients with cancer. However, several reports have revealed that G-CSF plays crucial immune-related adverse roles in tumor progression through MDSCs. In this study, we showed that MDSCs differentiated in the presence of G-CSF in vitro exhibited enhanced proliferation and immunosuppressive activity compared to those differentiated without G-CSF. RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that G-CSF enhanced the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs by upregulating gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) 1. Moreover, in the EL4 lymphoma-bearing neutropenic mouse model, administration of recombinant G-CSF increased the number of MDSCs and attenuated the anti-cancer effect of chemotherapy. We showed that the combination of GGsTop, a GGT inhibitor, could prevent G-CSF-induced tumor growth, without affecting the promotion of myelopoiesis by G-CSF. These results suggest that targeting GGT1 can mitigate G-CSF-induced enhanced immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs and can eliminate the tumor-promoting effect of G-CSF. Furthermore, GGsTop could be an attractive combination agent during G-CSF treatment for FN in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Xie
- Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawasaki
- Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haoyang Zhou
- Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Okada
- Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Tachibana
- Project for Vaccine and Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Li H, Liu R, Li J, Li J, Wu H, Wang G, Li Z, Li D. Prognostic significance of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to albumin ratio in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after hepatectomy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3196-3202. [PMID: 35481993 PMCID: PMC9170822 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been reported to play an important role in tumour progression and prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) to albumin ratio (GAR) in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after hepatectomy. We retrospectively analysed 650 ICC patients underwent hepatectomy at three Chinese medical centres between January 2009 and September 2017. Patients were classified into derivation cohort (n = 509) and validation cohort (n = 141). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value for GAR. Survival curve and cox regression analysis were applied to assess the prognostic power of GAR. The prognostic accuracy of GAR was compared with other variables by ROC curve. The optimal cut-off value for GAR was 1.3655. Preoperative high GAR was closely related to tumour number, lymph node invasion and GGT. The survival curve of derivation and validation cohorts showed that patients in the high GAR group had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) than patients in the low GAR group. Multivariate analysis in the derivation cohort confirmed that GAR was an independent prognostic factor for survival outcomes. Moreover, the ROC curve revealed that GAR had better predictive accuracy than other variables. High GAR predicted poor OS and DFS in ICC patients after hepatectomy. GAR may be a novel, simple and effective prognostic marker for ICC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongqiang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Genshu Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dewei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Li JH, Chen T, Xing H, Li RD, Shen CH, Zhang QB, Tao YF, Wang ZX. The AGH score is a predictor of disease-free survival and targeted therapy efficacy after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 22:245-252. [PMID: 35534342 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation (LT) is the "cure" therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some patients encounter HCC recurrence after LT. Unfortunately, there is no effective methods to identify the LT patients who have high risk of HCC recurrence and would benefit from adjuvant targeted therapy. The present study aimed to establish a scoring system to predict HCC recurrence of HCC patients after LT among the Chinese population, and to evaluate whether these patients are suitable for adjuvant targeted therapy. METHODS Clinical data of HCC patients who underwent LT from March 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 201 patients were included in the study. The multivariate Cox analysis suggested that preoperative alpha fetoprotein (AFP) > 200 µg/L (HR = 2.666, 95% CI: 1.515-4.690; P = 0.001), glutamyl transferase (GGT) > 96 U/L (HR = 1.807, 95% CI: 1.012-3.224; P = 0.045), and exceeding the Hangzhou criteria (HR = 2.129, 95% CI: 1.158-3.914; P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for poor disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with HCC who underwent LT. We established an AFP-GGT-Hangzhou (AGH) scoring system based on these factors, and divided cases into high-, moderate-, and low-risk groups. The differences in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates among the three groups were significant (P < 0.05). The efficacy of the AGH scoring system to predict DFS was better than that of the Hangzhou criteria, UCSF criteria, Milan criteria, and TNM stage. Only in the high-risk group, we found that lenvatinib significantly improved prognosis compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The AGH scoring system provides a convenient and effective way to predict HCC recurrence after LT in HCC patients in China. Patients with a high-risk AGH score may benefit from lenvatinib adjuvant therapy after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Rui-Dong Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Cong-Huan Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Quan-Bao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yi-Feng Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zheng-Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road(M), Shanghai 200040, China.
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Wu Y, Wu H, Lu X, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ju J, Zhang D, Zhu B, Huang S. Development and Evaluation of Targeted Optical Imaging Probes for Image‐Guided Surgery in Head and Neck Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xue Zhang
- University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Jiandong Ju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
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Oliveri V. Selective Targeting of Cancer Cells by Copper Ionophores: An Overview. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:841814. [PMID: 35309510 PMCID: PMC8931543 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.841814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer therapies suffer from severe off-target effects because most of them target critical facets of cells that are generally shared by all rapidly proliferating cells. The development of new therapeutic agents should aim to increase selectivity and therefore reduce side effects. In addition, these agents should overcome cancer cell resistance and target cancer stem cells. Some copper ionophores have shown promise in this direction thanks to an intrinsic selectivity in preferentially inducing cuproptosis of cancer cells compared to normal cells. Here, Cu ionophores are discussed with a focus on selectivity towards cancer cells and on the mechanisms responsible for this selectivity. The proposed strategies, to further improve the targeting of cancer cells by copper ionophores, are also reported.
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Huang L, Mao X, Sun C, Li T, Song X, Li J, Gao S, Zhang R, Chen J, He J, Abliz Z. Molecular Pathological Diagnosis of Thyroid Tumors Using Spatially Resolved Metabolomics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041390. [PMID: 35209182 PMCID: PMC8876246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathological diagnosis of benign and malignant follicular thyroid tumors remains a major challenge using the current histopathological technique. To improve diagnosis accuracy, spatially resolved metabolomics analysis based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) technique was used to establish a molecular diagnostic strategy for discriminating four pathological types of thyroid tumor. Without any specific labels, numerous metabolite features with their spatial distribution information can be acquired by AFADESI-MSI. The underlying metabolic heterogeneity can be visualized in line with the cellular heterogeneity in native tumor tissue. Through micro-regional feature extraction and in situ metabolomics analysis, three sets of metabolic biomarkers for the visual discrimination of benign follicular adenoma and differentiated thyroid carcinomas were discovered. Additionally, the automated prediction of tumor foci was supported by a diagnostic model based on the metabolic profile of 65 thyroid nodules. The model prediction accuracy was 83.3% when a test set of 12 independent samples was used. This diagnostic strategy presents a new way of performing in situ pathological examinations using small molecular biomarkers and provides a model diagnosis for clinically indeterminate thyroid tumor cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Xinxin Mao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Chenglong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Tiegang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Xiaowei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Jiangshuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiuming He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Zeper Abliz
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (L.H.); (C.S.); (T.L.); (X.S.); (J.L.); (S.G.); (R.Z.); (Z.A.)
- Center for Imaging and Systems Biology, School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
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Probing Cell Redox State and Glutathione-Modulating Factors Using a Monochlorobimane-Based Microplate Assay. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020391. [PMID: 35204274 PMCID: PMC8869332 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiol compounds including predominantly glutathione (GSH) are key components of redox homeostasis, which are involved in the protection and regulation of mammalian cells. The assessment of cell redox status by means of in situ analysis of GSH in living cells is often preferable over established assays in cell lysates due to fluctuations of the GSH pool. For this purpose, we propose a microplate assay with monochlorobimane (MCB) as an available fluorescent probe for GSH, although poorly detected in the microplate format. In addition to the new procedure for improved MCB-assisted GSH detection in plate-grown cells and its verification with GSH modulators, this study provides a useful methodology for the evaluation of cell redox status probed through relative GSH content and responsiveness to both supplemented thiols and variation in oxygen pressure. The roles of extracellular interactions of thiols and natural variability of cellular glutathione on the assay performance were emphasized and discussed. The results are of broad interest in cell biology research and should be particularly useful for the characterization of pathological cells with decreased GSH status and increased oxidative status as well as redox-modulating factors.
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50
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Nadri T, Towhidi A, Zeinoaldini S, Riazi G, Sharafi M, Zhandi M, Kastelic J, Gholami D. Supplementation of freezing medium with encapsulated or free glutathione during cryopreservation of bull sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:515-523. [PMID: 35088462 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to compare effects of encapsulated or free glutathione (GSH) on quality of frozen-thawed bull sperm. Ejaculates were collected via artificial vagina from six mature Holstein bulls once weekly for 6 weeks. All ejaculates had motility ≥70%, sperm concentration ≥1.0 × 109 /mL and ≤15% morphologically abnormal sperm. Each week, semen was pooled and diluted with lecithin-based extenders containing various concentrations of encapsulated (E0, E1, E2.5 and E5 mM) or free (F0, F1, F2.5 and F5 mM) GSH, with total glutathione content determined before and after cryopreservation. Total GSH in fresh semen was (mean+SEM) 4.8 ± 0.2 nmol/108 sperm, whereas in frozen-thawed semen of group F0 (control), it decreased to 1.4 ± 0.2 nmol/108 sperm, a 70.8% reduction (P<0.05). In addition, total GSH in frozen-thawed semen from groups E2.5, E5 and F5 were 2.4 ± 0.2, 2.8 ± 0.2 and 1.8 ± 0.2 nmol/108 sperm, respectively (E5 vs. F0, P<0.05). Compared to group F0, frozen-thawed sperm from group E2.5 had greater (P<0.05) percentages of sperm that were viable (Annexin-V) (61.1 ± 1.8 vs 71.1 ± 1.8) and that had cell membrane integrity (eosin-nigrosin) (64.5 ± 3.1 vs 80.0 ± 3.1). Furthermore, frozen-thawed sperm from group E2.5 had the numerically highest total and progressive motility (CASA) and cell membrane functionality (HOS) and the lowest percentage of early apoptotic sperm (Annexin-V). However, acrosome membrane integrity (PSA) of E5 had the lowest mean (P<0.05), whereas E2.5 caused a small nonsignificant decrease (69.1 ± 1.4%) compared to E0 and F0. In conclusion, 2.5 mM encapsulated GSH in semen extender significantly improved the quality of frozen-thawed bull sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touba Nadri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Armin Towhidi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Zeinoaldini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zhandi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - John Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dariush Gholami
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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