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Tian M, Salmon Y, Lintunen A, Oren R, Hölttä T. Seasonal dynamics and punctuated carbon sink reduction suggest photosynthetic capacity of boreal silver birch is reduced by the accumulation of hexose. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:894-908. [PMID: 38853424 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The 'assimilates inhibition hypothesis' posits that accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in leaves reduces leaf net photosynthetic rate, thus internally regulating photosynthesis. Experimental work provides equivocal support mostly under controlled conditions without identifying a particular NSC as involved in the regulation. We combined 3-yr in situ leaf gas exchange observations (natural dynamics) in the upper crown of mature Betula pendula simultaneously with measurements of concentrations of sucrose, hexoses (glucose and fructose), and starch, and similar measurements during several one-day shoot girdling (perturbation dynamics). Leaf water potential and water and nitrogen content were measured to account for their possible contribution to photosynthesis regulation. Leaf photosynthetic capacity (A/Ci) was temporally negatively correlated with NSC accumulation under both natural and perturbation states. For developed leaves, leaf hexose concentration explained A/Ci variation better than environmental variables (temperature history and daylength); the opposite was observed for developing leaves. The weaker correlations between NSCs and A/Ci in developing leaves may reflect their strong internal sink strength for carbohydrates. By contrast, the strong decline in photosynthetic capacity with NSCs accumulation in mature leaves, observed most clearly with hexose, and even more tightly with its constituents, provides support for the role of assimilates in regulating photosynthesis under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Tian
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Yann Salmon
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Anna Lintunen
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Ram Oren
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Teemu Hölttä
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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Gross N, Maestre FT, Liancourt P, Berdugo M, Martin R, Gozalo B, Ochoa V, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Maire V, Saiz H, Soliveres S, Valencia E, Eldridge DJ, Guirado E, Jabot F, Asensio S, Gaitán JJ, García-Gómez M, Martínez P, Martínez-Valderrama J, Mendoza BJ, Moreno-Jiménez E, Pescador DS, Plaza C, Pijuan IS, Abedi M, Ahumada RJ, Amghar F, Arroyo AI, Bahalkeh K, Bailey L, Ben Salem F, Blaum N, Boldgiv B, Bowker MA, Branquinho C, van den Brink L, Bu C, Canessa R, Castillo-Monroy ADP, Castro H, Castro P, Chibani R, Conceição AA, Darrouzet-Nardi A, Davila YC, Deák B, Donoso DA, Durán J, Espinosa C, Fajardo A, Farzam M, Ferrante D, Franzese J, Fraser L, Gonzalez S, Gusman-Montalvan E, Hernández-Hernández RM, Hölzel N, Huber-Sannwald E, Jadan O, Jeltsch F, Jentsch A, Ju M, Kaseke KF, Kindermann L, le Roux P, Linstädter A, Louw MA, Mabaso M, Maggs-Kölling G, Makhalanyane TP, Issa OM, Manzaneda AJ, Marais E, Margerie P, Hughes FM, Messeder JVS, Mora JP, Moreno G, Munson SM, Nunes A, Oliva G, Oñatibia GR, Peter G, Pueyo Y, Quiroga RE, Ramírez-Iglesias E, Reed SC, Rey PJ, Reyes Gómez VM, Rodríguez A, Rolo V, Rubalcaba JG, Ruppert JC, Sala O, Salah A, Sebei PJ, Stavi I, Stephens C, Teixido AL, Thomas AD, Throop HL, Tielbörger K, Travers S, Undrakhbold S, Val J, Valkó O, Velbert F, Wamiti W, Wang L, Wang D, Wardle GM, Wolff P, Yahdjian L, Yari R, Zaady E, Zeberio JM, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y. Unforeseen plant phenotypic diversity in a dry and grazed world. Nature 2024; 632:808-814. [PMID: 39112697 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Earth harbours an extraordinary plant phenotypic diversity1 that is at risk from ongoing global changes2,3. However, it remains unknown how increasing aridity and livestock grazing pressure-two major drivers of global change4-6-shape the trait covariation that underlies plant phenotypic diversity1,7. Here we assessed how covariation among 20 chemical and morphological traits responds to aridity and grazing pressure within global drylands. Our analysis involved 133,769 trait measurements spanning 1,347 observations of 301 perennial plant species surveyed across 326 plots from 6 continents. Crossing an aridity threshold of approximately 0.7 (close to the transition between semi-arid and arid zones) led to an unexpected 88% increase in trait diversity. This threshold appeared in the presence of grazers, and moved toward lower aridity levels with increasing grazing pressure. Moreover, 57% of observed trait diversity occurred only in the most arid and grazed drylands, highlighting the phenotypic uniqueness of these extreme environments. Our work indicates that drylands act as a global reservoir of plant phenotypic diversity and challenge the pervasive view that harsh environmental conditions reduce plant trait diversity8-10. They also highlight that many alternative strategies may enable plants to cope with increases in environmental stress induced by climate change and land-use intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gross
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Pierre Liancourt
- Botany Department, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Miguel Berdugo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Martin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Beatriz Gozalo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Vincent Maire
- Département des Sciences de l'Environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugo Saiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y Medio Natural, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Santiago Soliveres
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Enrique Valencia
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David J Eldridge
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emilio Guirado
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Franck Jabot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sergio Asensio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan J Gaitán
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto de Suelos-CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel García-Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería y Morfología del Terreno, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez-Valderrama
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Betty J Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - David S Pescador
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Plaza
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Santaolaria Pijuan
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramon Margalef", Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mehdi Abedi
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Rodrigo J Ahumada
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Fateh Amghar
- Laboratoire de Recherche: Biodiversité, Biotechnologie, Environnement et Développement Durable (BioDev), Faculté des Sciences, Université M'hamed Bougara de Boumerdès, Boumerdès, Algérie
| | | | - Khadijeh Bahalkeh
- Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Lydia Bailey
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Farah Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Promotion of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Micro-Organisms, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA) Médenine, University of Gabes, Zrig Eddakhlania, Tunisia
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bazartseren Boldgiv
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Matthew A Bowker
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liesbeth van den Brink
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- ECOBIOSIS, Departmento of Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Chongfeng Bu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Rafaella Canessa
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Helena Castro
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patricio Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del Paisaje, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Roukaya Chibani
- Laboratory of Eremology and Combating Desertification, Institut des Régions Arides (IRA) Médenine, University of Gabes, Zrig Eddakhlania, Tunisia
| | - Abel Augusto Conceição
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brasil
| | | | - Yvonne C Davila
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Balázs Deák
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - David A Donoso
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Durán
- Misión Biolóxica de Galicia, CSIC, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carlos Espinosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
- Limits of Life (LiLi), Instituto Milenio, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Mohammad Farzam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Franzese
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquen, Argentina
| | - Lauchlan Fraser
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sofía Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquen, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth Gusman-Montalvan
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Rosa Mary Hernández-Hernández
- Instituto de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos (IDECYT); Centro de Estudios de Agroecología Tropical (CEDAT), Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez (UNESR), Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Oswaldo Jadan
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, Grupo de Agroforestería, Manejo y Conservación del Paisaje, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Mengchen Ju
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Kudzai F Kaseke
- Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Liana Kindermann
- Biodiversity Research, Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter le Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anja Linstädter
- Biodiversity Research, Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michelle A Louw
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mancha Mabaso
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, DSI/NRF SARChI in Marine Microbiomics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Thulani P Makhalanyane
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Oumarou Malam Issa
- Institut d'Écologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (iEES-Paris), Sorbonne Université, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, Université Paris Est Creteil, Université de Paris, Centre IRD de France Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Antonio J Manzaneda
- Departamento Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Eugene Marais
- Gobabeb, Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia
| | - Pierre Margerie
- Normandie Universite, UNIROUEN, INRAE, ECODIV, Rouen, France
| | - Frederic Mendes Hughes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia and Conselho de Curadores das Coleções Científicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Brazil
| | - João Vitor S Messeder
- Biology Department and Ecology Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Juan P Mora
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Seth M Munson
- Southwest Biological Science Center, US Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Alice Nunes
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Oliva
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Santa Cruz, Río Gallegos, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río Gallegos, Argentina
| | - Gaston R Oñatibia
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Peter
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CEANPa, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Pueyo
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R Emiliano Quiroga
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Catamarca, Argentina
- Cátedra de Manejo de Pastizales Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | | | - Sasha C Reed
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Pedro J Rey
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación del Sistema Tierra de Andalucía, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | - Victor Rolo
- Forestry School, INDEHESA, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Juan G Rubalcaba
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan C Ruppert
- Plant Ecology Group, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Osvaldo Sala
- Global Drylands Center,School of Life Sciences and School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Phokgedi Julius Sebei
- Mara Research Station, Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Ilan Stavi
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Yotvata, Israel
| | - Colton Stephens
- Department of Natural Resource Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alberto L Teixido
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew D Thomas
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Heather L Throop
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Samantha Travers
- Department of Planning and Environment, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sainbileg Undrakhbold
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - James Val
- Department of Planning and Environment, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Orsolya Valkó
- Lendület Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Frederike Velbert
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wanyoike Wamiti
- Zoology Department, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis (IUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Glenda M Wardle
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Wolff
- Department of Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- Cátedra de Ecología, Facultad de Agronomía Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Reza Yari
- Forest and Rangeland Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Eli Zaady
- Gilat Research Center, Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Juan Manuel Zeberio
- CEANPa, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Sede Atlántica, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Yuanling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Berlino M, Mangano MC, Di Bona G, Lucchese M, Terzo SMC, De Vittor C, D'Alessandro M, Esposito V, Gambi MC, Del Negro P, Sarà G. Functional diversity and metabolic response in benthic communities along an ocean acidification gradient. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106520. [PMID: 38685145 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Altered ocean chemistry caused by ocean acidification (OA) is expected to have negative repercussions at different levels of the ecological hierarchy, starting from the individual and scaling up to the community and ultimately to the ecosystem level. Understanding the effects of OA on benthic organisms is of primary importance given their relevant ecological role in maintaining marine ecosystem functioning. The use of functional traits represents an effective technique to investigate how species adapt to altered environmental conditions and can be used to predict changes in the resilience of communities faced with stresses associated with climate change. Artificial supports were deployed for 1-y along a natural pH gradient in the shallow hydrothermal systems of the Bottaro crater near Panarea (Aeolian Archipelago, southern Tyrrhenian Sea), to explore changes in functional traits and metabolic rates of benthic communities and the repercussions in terms of functional diversity. Changes in community composition due to OA were accompanied by modifications in functional diversity. Altered conditions led to higher oxygen consumption in the acidified site and the selection of species with the functional traits needed to withstand OA. Calcification rate and reproduction were found to be the traits most affected by pH variations. A reduction in a community's functional evenness could potentially reduce its resilience to further environmental or anthropogenic stressors. These findings highlight the ability of the ecosystem to respond to climate change and provide insights into the modifications that can be expected given the predicted future pCO2 scenarios. Understanding the impact of climate change on functional diversity and thus on community functioning and stability is crucial if we are to predict changes in ecosystem vulnerability, especially in a context where OA occurs in combination with other environmental changes and anthropogenic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berlino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90149, Palermo, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - M C Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90149, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Di Bona
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Lucchese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - S M C Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale Fernando Stagno d'Alcontres 3, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via A.F. Acton, Molosiglio, Napoli, 80133, Italy
| | - C De Vittor
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - M D'Alessandro
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - V Esposito
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources Department, Via Po 25, 00198, Roma, Italy
| | - M C Gambi
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy; Previous at the Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Integrative Ecology (EMI), Ischia Marine Center, Ischia Napoli, Italy
| | - P Del Negro
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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4
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Luo Y, Du L, Zhang J, Ren H, Shen Y, Zhang J, Li N, Tian R, Wang S, Liu H, Xu Z. Nitrogen addition alleviates the adverse effects of drought on plant productivity in a temperate steppe. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e2969. [PMID: 38562107 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Drought and nitrogen enrichment could profoundly affect the productivity of semiarid ecosystems. However, how ecosystem productivity will respond to different drought scenarios, especially with a concurrent increase in nitrogen availability, is still poorly understood. Using data from a 4-year field experiment conducted in a semiarid temperate steppe, we explored the responses of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) to different drought scenarios and nitrogen addition, and the underlying mechanisms linking soil properties, plant species richness, functional diversity (community-weighted means of plant traits, functional dispersion) and phylogenetic diversity (net relatedness index) to ANPP. Our results showed that completely excluding precipitation in June (1-month intense drought) and reducing half the precipitation amount from June to August (season-long chronic drought) both significantly reduced ANPP, with the latter having a more negative impact on ANPP. However, reducing half of the precipitation frequency from June to August (precipitation redistribution) had no significant effect on ANPP. Nitrogen addition increased ANPP irrespective of drought scenarios. ANPP was primarily determined by soil moisture and nitrogen availability by regulating the community-weighted means of plant height, rather than other aspects of plant diversity. Our findings suggest that precipitation amount is more important than precipitation redistribution in influencing the productivity of temperate steppe, and nitrogen supply could alleviate the adverse impacts of drought on grassland productivity. Our study advances the mechanistic understanding of how the temperate grassland responds to drought stress, and implies that management strategies to protect tall species in the community would be beneficial for maintaining the productivity and carbon sequestration of grassland ecosystems under climate drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lan Du
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haiyan Ren
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ru Tian
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heyong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhuwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, China
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5
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Enquist BJ, Erwin D, Savage V, Marquet PA. Scaling approaches and macroecology provide a foundation for assessing ecological resilience in the Anthropocene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230010. [PMID: 38583479 PMCID: PMC10999275 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the Anthropocene, intensifying ecological disturbances pose significant challenges to our predictive capabilities for ecosystem responses. Macroecology-which focuses on emergent statistical patterns in ecological systems-unveils consistent regularities in the organization of biodiversity and ecosystems. These regularities appear in terms of abundance, body size, geographical range, species interaction networks, or the flux of matter and energy. This paper argues for moving beyond qualitative resilience metaphors, such as the 'ball and cup', towards a more quantitative macroecological framework. We suggest a conceptual and theoretical basis for ecological resilience that integrates macroecology with a stochastic diffusion approximation constrained by principles of biological symmetry. This approach provides an alternative novel framework for studying ecological resilience in the Anthropocene. We demonstrate how our framework can effectively quantify the impacts of major disturbances and their extensive ecological ramifications. We further show how biological scaling insights can help quantify the consequences of major disturbances, emphasizing their cascading ecological impacts. The nature of these impacts prompts a re-evaluation of our understanding of resilience. Emphasis on regularities of ecological assemblages can help illuminate resilience dynamics and offer a novel basis to predict and manage the impacts of disturbance in the Anthropocene more efficiently. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Enquist
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Arizona, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Doug Erwin
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Paleobiology, MRC-121, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Van Savage
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pablo A. Marquet
- The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
- Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Valparaíso (ISCV), CP 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciemcias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, CP 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Modelamiento Matemático (CMM), Universidad de Chile, International Research Laboratory, 2807, CNRS, CP 8370456 Santiago, Chile
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6
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Hu Y, Li X, Wang S, Lv P, Yue P, Chen M, Zuo X. Patterns and driving factors of functional traits of desert species with different elevational distributions in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:371. [PMID: 38724940 PMCID: PMC11080261 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Variations in functional traits serve as measures of plants' ability to adapt to environment. Exploring the patterns of functional traits of desert plants along elevational gradients is helpful to understand the responses and adaptation strategies of species to changing environments. However, it is unknown whether the relationship between functional traits and elevation is affected by differences in the species' elevational distributions (elevation preference and species' range). Importantly, most researches have concerned with differences in mean trait values and ignored intraspecific trait variation. Here, we measured functional traits of desert plants along a wide elevational gradient in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas and explored functional trait patterns over elevation in species with different elevational distributions. We decomposed trait variation and further investigated characterizations of intraspecific variation. Ultimately, the main drivers of trait variation were identified using redundancy analysis. We found that species' elevational distributions significantly influenced the relationship of functional traits such as plant height, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, leaf nitrogen and carbon content with elevation. Species with a lower elevational preference showed greater trait variation than species with a higher elevational preference, suggesting that species that prefer high elevation are more conservative facing environmental changes. We provide evidence that interspecific trait variation in leaf thickness and leaf carbon content decreased with increasing species' range, indicating that increased variations in resistance traits within species make greater responsiveness to environmental changes, enabling species a wider range. Elevation, temperature and precipitation were the main drivers of trait variation in species with a low elevational preference, while the effect of precipitation on trait variation in species with a high elevational preference was not significant. This study sheds new insights on how plants with different elevational distributions regulate their ecological strategies to cope with changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Hu
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Shaokun Wang
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Min Chen
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaoan Zuo
- Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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7
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Enquist BJ, Kempes CP, West GB. Developing a predictive science of the biosphere requires the integration of scientific cultures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2209196121. [PMID: 38640256 PMCID: PMC11087787 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209196121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing the speed of scientific progress is urgently needed to address the many challenges associated with the biosphere in the Anthropocene. Consequently, the critical question becomes: How can science most rapidly progress to address large, complex global problems? We suggest that the lag in the development of a more predictive science of the biosphere is not only because the biosphere is so much more complex, or because we do not have enough data, or are not doing enough experiments, but, in large part, because of unresolved tension between the three dominant scientific cultures that pervade the research community. We introduce and explain the concept of the three scientific cultures and present a novel analysis of their characteristics, supported by examples and a formal mathematical definition/representation of what this means and implies. The three cultures operate, to varying degrees, across all of science. However, within the biosciences, and in contrast to some of the other sciences, they remain relatively more separated, and their lack of integration has hindered their potential power and insight. Our solution to accelerating a broader, predictive science of the biosphere is to enhance integration of scientific cultures. The process of integration-Scientific Transculturalism-recognizes that the push for interdisciplinary research, in general, is just not enough. Unless these cultures of science are formally appreciated and their thinking iteratively integrated into scientific discovery and advancement, there will continue to be numerous significant challenges that will increasingly limit forecasting and prediction efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Enquist
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM87501
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8
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Silliman BR, Hensel MJS, Gibert JP, Daleo P, Smith CS, Wieczynski DJ, Angelini C, Paxton AB, Adler AM, Zhang YS, Altieri AH, Palmer TM, Jones HP, Gittman RK, Griffin JN, O'Connor MI, van de Koppel J, Poulsen JR, Rietkerk M, He Q, Bertness MD, van der Heide T, Valdez SR. Harnessing ecological theory to enhance ecosystem restoration. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R418-R434. [PMID: 38714175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Ecosystem restoration can increase the health and resilience of nature and humanity. As a result, the international community is championing habitat restoration as a primary solution to address the dual climate and biodiversity crises. Yet most ecosystem restoration efforts to date have underperformed, failed, or been burdened by high costs that prevent upscaling. To become a primary, scalable conservation strategy, restoration efficiency and success must increase dramatically. Here, we outline how integrating ten foundational ecological theories that have not previously received much attention - from hierarchical facilitation to macroecology - into ecosystem restoration planning and management can markedly enhance restoration success. We propose a simple, systematic approach to determining which theories best align with restoration goals and are most likely to bolster their success. Armed with a century of advances in ecological theory, restoration practitioners will be better positioned to more cost-efficiently and effectively rebuild the world's ecosystems and support the resilience of our natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Silliman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
| | - Marc J S Hensel
- Biological Sciences Department, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA; Nature Coast Biological Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Cedar Key, FL 32625, USA
| | - Jean P Gibert
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pedro Daleo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), FCEyN, UNMdP-CONICET, CC 1260 Correo Central, B7600WAG, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carter S Smith
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | | | - Christine Angelini
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Avery B Paxton
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Alyssa M Adler
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Y Stacy Zhang
- Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Andrew H Altieri
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Todd M Palmer
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Holly P Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Study of the Environment, Sustainability, and Energy, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Rachel K Gittman
- Department of Biology and Coastal Studies Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - John N Griffin
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Mary I O'Connor
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6R 1W4, Canada
| | - Johan van de Koppel
- Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Yerseke, The Netherlands; Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John R Poulsen
- The Nature Conservancy, 2424 Spruce Street, Boulder, CO 80302, USA; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, PO Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Max Rietkerk
- Department Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Qiang He
- Coastal Ecology Lab, MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mark D Bertness
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 90 Witman Street, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tjisse van der Heide
- Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Den Burg, The Netherlands; Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie R Valdez
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
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9
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Gonçalves‐Souza T, Milz B, Sanders NJ, Reich PB, Maitner B, Chaves LS, Boldorini GX, Ferreira N, Gusmão RAF, Perônico PB, Teresa FB, Umaña MN. ZooTraits: An R shiny app for exploring animal trait data for ecological and evolutionary research. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11334. [PMID: 38694759 PMCID: PMC11056955 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal trait data are scattered across several datasets, making it challenging to compile and compare trait information across different groups. For plants, the TRY database has been an unwavering success for those ecologists interested in addressing how plant traits influence a wide variety of processes and patterns, but the same is not true for most animal taxonomic groups. Here, we introduce ZooTraits, a Shiny app designed to help users explore and obtain animal trait data for research in ecology and evolution. ZooTraits was developed to tackle the challenge of finding in a single site information of multiple trait datasets and facilitating access to traits by providing an easy-to-use, open-source platform. This app combines datasets centralized in the Open Trait Network, raw data from the AnimalTraits database, and trait information for animals compiled by Gonçalves-Souza et al. (2023, Ecology and Evolution 13, e10016). Importantly, the ZooTraits app can be accessed freely and provides a user-friendly interface through three functionalities that will allow users to easily visualize, compare, download, and upload trait data across the animal tree of life-ExploreTrait, FeedTrait, and GetTrait. By using ExploreTrait and GetTrait, users can explore, compare, and extract 3954 trait records from 23,394 species centralized in the Open Traits Network, and trait data for ~2000 species from the AnimalTraits database. The app summarizes trait information for numerous taxonomic groups within the Animal Kingdom, encompassing data from diverse aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and various geographic regions worldwide. Moreover, ZooTraits enables researchers to upload trait information, serving as a hub for a continually expanding global trait database. By promoting the centralization of trait datasets and offering a platform for data sharing, ZooTraits is facilitating advancements in trait-based ecological and evolutionary studies. We hope that other trait databases will evolve to mirror the approach we have outlined here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Gonçalves‐Souza
- Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Departmento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
| | - Beatriz Milz
- Pós‐graduação em Ciência Ambiental, Instituto de Energia e AmbienteUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Nathan J. Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Peter B. Reich
- Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Forest ResourcesUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Brian Maitner
- Department of GeographyUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Leonardo S. Chaves
- Comparative BioCognition, Institute of Cognitive ScienceUniversity of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany
| | - Gabriel X. Boldorini
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Departmento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
| | - Natália Ferreira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade, Departmento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
| | - Reginaldo A. F. Gusmão
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Departmento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
| | - Phamela Bernardes Perônico
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Recursos Naturais do CerradoUniversidade Estadual de GoiásAnápolisBrazil
- Laboratório de Biogeografia e Ecologia AquáticaUniversidade Estadual de GoiásAnápolisBrazil
| | - Fabrício B. Teresa
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Recursos Naturais do CerradoUniversidade Estadual de GoiásAnápolisBrazil
- Laboratório de Biogeografia e Ecologia AquáticaUniversidade Estadual de GoiásAnápolisBrazil
| | - María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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10
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Kambach S, Attorre F, Axmanová I, Bergamini A, Biurrun I, Bonari G, Carranza ML, Chiarucci A, Chytrý M, Dengler J, Garbolino E, Golub V, Hickler T, Jandt U, Jansen J, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Karger DN, Lososová Z, Rašomavičius V, Rūsiņa S, Sieber P, Stanisci A, Thuiller W, Welk E, Zimmermann NE, Bruelheide H. Climate regulation processes are linked to the functional composition of plant communities in European forests, shrublands, and grasslands. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17189. [PMID: 38375686 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Terrestrial ecosystems affect climate by reflecting solar irradiation, evaporative cooling, and carbon sequestration. Yet very little is known about how plant traits affect climate regulation processes (CRPs) in different habitat types. Here, we used linear and random forest models to relate the community-weighted mean and variance values of 19 plant traits (summarized into eight trait axes) to the climate-adjusted proportion of reflected solar irradiation, evapotranspiration, and net primary productivity across 36,630 grid cells at the European extent, classified into 10 types of forest, shrubland, and grassland habitats. We found that these trait axes were more tightly linked to log evapotranspiration (with an average of 6.2% explained variation) and the proportion of reflected solar irradiation (6.1%) than to net primary productivity (4.9%). The highest variation in CRPs was explained in forest and temperate shrubland habitats. Yet, the strength and direction of these relationships were strongly habitat-dependent. We conclude that any spatial upscaling of the effects of plant communities on CRPs must consider the relative contribution of different habitat types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kambach
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Fabio Attorre
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Irena Axmanová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ariel Bergamini
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Idoia Biurrun
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Maria Laura Carranza
- Envixlab, Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiarucci
- BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milan Chytrý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jürgen Dengler
- Vegetation Ecology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
- Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Hickler
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Physical Geography, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ute Jandt
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Jansen
- Department of Ecology and Physiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Borja Jiménez-Alfaro
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ. Oviedo-CSIC-Princ. Asturias), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Zdeňka Lososová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Solvita Rūsiņa
- Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Petra Sieber
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Stanisci
- Envixlab, Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Erik Welk
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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11
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Yu J, Lee JYY, Tang SN, Lee PKH. Niche differentiation in microbial communities with stable genomic traits over time in engineered systems. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae042. [PMID: 38470313 PMCID: PMC10987969 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Microbial communities in full-scale engineered systems undergo dynamic compositional changes. However, mechanisms governing assembly of such microbes and succession of their functioning and genomic traits under various environmental conditions are unclear. In this study, we used the activated sludge and anaerobic treatment systems of four full-scale industrial wastewater treatment plants as models to investigate the niches of microbes in communities and the temporal succession patterns of community compositions. High-quality representative metagenome-assembled genomes revealed that taxonomic, functional, and trait-based compositions were strongly shaped by environmental selection, with replacement processes primarily driving variations in taxonomic and functional compositions. Plant-specific indicators were associated with system environmental conditions and exhibited strong determinism and trajectory directionality over time. The partitioning of microbes in a co-abundance network according to groups of plant-specific indicators, together with significant between-group differences in genomic traits, indicated the occurrence of niche differentiation. The indicators of the treatment plant with rich nutrient input and high substrate removal efficiency exhibited a faster predicted growth rate, lower guanine-cytosine content, smaller genome size, and higher codon usage bias than the indicators of the other plants. In individual plants, taxonomic composition displayed a more rapid temporal succession than functional and trait-based compositions. The succession of taxonomic, functional, and trait-based compositions was correlated with the kinetics of treatment processes in the activated sludge systems. This study provides insights into ecological niches of microbes in engineered systems and succession patterns of their functions and traits, which will aid microbial community management to improve treatment performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Yu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Justin Y Y Lee
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siang Nee Tang
- Facility Management and Environmental Engineering, TAL Group, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick K H Lee
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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12
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de Tomás Marín S, Galán Díaz J, Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Prieto I, de la Riva EG. Linking functional composition moments of the sub-Mediterranean ecotone with environmental drivers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1303022. [PMID: 38143583 PMCID: PMC10748396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1303022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Functional trait-based approaches are extensively applied to the study of mechanisms governing community assembly along environmental gradients. These approaches have been classically based on studying differences in mean values among species, but there is increasing recognition that alternative metrics of trait distributions should be considered to decipher the mechanisms determining community assembly and species coexistence. Under this framework, the main aim of this study is to unravel the effects of environmental conditions as drivers of plant community assembly in sub-Mediterranean ecotones. Methods We set 60 plots in six plant communities of a sub-Mediterranean forest in Central Spain, and measured key above- and belowground functional traits in 411 individuals belonging to 19 species, along with abiotic variables. We calculated community-weighted mean (CWM), skewness (CWS) and kurtosis (CWK) of three plant dimensions, and used maximum likelihood techniques to analyze how variation in these functional community traits was driven by abiotic factors. Additionally, we estimated the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover to variation in CWM. Results and discussion The first three axes of variation of the principal component analyses were related to three main plant ecological dimensions: Leaf Economics Spectrum, Root Economics Spectrum and plant hydraulic architecture, respectively. Type of community was the most important factor determining differences in the functional structure among communities, as compared to the role of abiotic variables. We found strong differences among communities in their CWMs in line with their biogeographic origin (Eurosiberian vs Mediterranean), while differences in CWS and CWK indicate different trends in the functional structure among communities and the coexistence of different functional strategies, respectively. Moreover, changes in functional composition were primarily due to intraspecific variability. Conclusion We observed a high number of strategies in the forest with the different communities spreading along the acquisitive-conservative axis of resource-use, partly matching their Eurosiberian-Mediterranean nature, respectively. Intraspecific trait variability, rather than species turnover, stood as the most relevant factor when analyzing functional changes and assembly patterns among communities. Altogether, our data support the notion that ecotones are ecosystems where relatively minor environmental shifts may result in changes in plant and functional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio de Tomás Marín
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Javier Galán Díaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada
- Functioning of Forest Systems in a Changing Environment Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Prieto
- Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Enrique G. de la Riva
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
- Ecology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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13
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Fortunel C. Winds of change. A commentary on 'Demographic trade-offs and functional shifts in a hurricane-impacted tropical forest'. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:iii-v. [PMID: 37462966 PMCID: PMC10457024 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:
María Natalia Umaña, Jessica Needham, Jimena Forero-Montaña, Christopher J. Nytch, Nathan G. Swenson, Jill Thompson, María Uriarte and Jess K. Zimmerman. Demographic trade-offs and functional shifts in a hurricane-impacted tropical forest, Annals of Botany, Volume 131, Issue 7, 6 June 2023, Pages 1051–1060, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad004
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Fortunel
- AMAP (Botanique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations), Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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14
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Lü XT, Reed SC, Hou SL, Yang GJ. Assessing community assembly controls over community-scale nutrient resorption responses to nitrogen deposition. Oecologia 2023:10.1007/s00442-023-05415-9. [PMID: 37454309 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient resorption is a fundamental physiological process in plants, with important ecological controls over numerous ecosystem functions. However, the role of community assembly in driving responses of nutrient resorption to perturbation remains largely unknown. Following the Price equation framework and the Community Assembly and Ecosystem Function framework, we quantified the contribution of species loss, species gain, and shared species to the reduction of community-level nutrient resorption efficiency in response to multi-level nitrogen (N) addition in a temperate steppe, after continuous N addition for seven years. Reductions of both N and phosphorus (P) resorption efficiency (NRE and PRE, respectively) were positively correlated with N addition levels. The dissimilarities in species composition between N-enriched and control communities increased with N addition levels, and N-enriched plots showed substantial species losses and gains. Interestingly, the reduction of community-scale NRE and PRE mostly resulted from N-induced decreases in resorption efficiency for the shared species in the control and N-enriched communities. There were negative correlations between the contributions of species richness effect and species identity effect and between the number and identity of species gained for the changes in both NRE and PRE following N enrichment. By simultaneously considering N-induced changes in species composition and in species-level resorption, our work presents a more complete picture of how different community assembly processes contribute to N-induced changes in community-level resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao Lü
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Liaoning Province, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Sasha C Reed
- U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Shuang-Li Hou
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Liaoning Province, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guo-Jiao Yang
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Liaoning Province, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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15
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Da R, Fan C, Zhang C, Zhao X, von Gadow K. Are absorptive root traits good predictors of ecosystem functioning? A test in a natural temperate forest. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:75-86. [PMID: 36978285 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches provide a useful framework to predict ecosystem functions under intensifying global change. However, our current understanding of trait-functioning relationships mainly relies on aboveground traits. Belowground traits (e.g. absorptive root traits) are rarely studied although these traits are related to important plant functions. We analyzed four pairs of analogous leaf and absorptive root traits of woody plants in a temperate forest and examined how these traits are coordinated at the community-level, and to what extent the trait covariation depends on local-scale environmental conditions. We then quantified the contributions of leaf and absorptive root traits and the environmental conditions in determining two important forest ecosystem functions, aboveground carbon storage, and woody biomass productivity. The results showed that both morphological trait pairs and chemical trait pairs exhibited positive correlations at the community level. Absorptive root traits show a strong response to environmental conditions compared to leaf traits. We also found that absorptive root traits were better predictors of the two forest ecosystem functions than leaf traits and environmental conditions. Our study confirms the important role of belowground traits in modulating ecosystem functions and deepens our understanding of belowground responses to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihan Da
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyu Fan
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiuhai Zhao
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Klaus von Gadow
- Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 5, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
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16
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Berlino M, Sarà G, Mangano MC. Functional Trait-Based Evidence of Microplastic Effects on Aquatic Species. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:811. [PMID: 37372096 PMCID: PMC10294819 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics represent an ever-increasing threat to aquatic organisms. We merged data from two global scale meta-analyses investigating the effect of microplastics on benthic organisms' and fishes' functional traits. Results were compared, allowing differences related to vertebrate and invertebrate habitat, life stage, trophic level, and experimental design to be explored. Functional traits of aquatic organisms were negatively affected. Metabolism, growth, and reproduction of benthic organisms were impacted, and fish behaviour was significantly affected. Responses differed by trophic level, suggesting negative effects on trophic interactions and energy transfer through the trophic web. The experimental design was found to have the most significant impact on results. As microplastics impact an organism's performance, this causes indirect repercussions further up the ecological hierarchy on the ecosystem's stability and functioning, and its associated goods and services are at risk. Standardized methods to generate salient targets and indicators are urgently needed to better inform policy makers and guide mitigation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Berlino
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (Complesso Roosevelt), 90149 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - G. Sarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, DiSTeM, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - M. C. Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Centre, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (Complesso Roosevelt), 90149 Palermo, Italy;
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17
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Bernard C, Santos GS, Deere JA, Rodriguez-Caro R, Capdevila P, Kusch E, Gascoigne SJL, Jackson J, Salguero-Gómez R. MOSAIC - A Unified Trait Database to Complement Structured Population Models. Sci Data 2023; 10:335. [PMID: 37264011 PMCID: PMC10235418 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite exponential growth in ecological data availability, broader interoperability amongst datasets is needed to unlock the potential of open access. Our understanding of the interface of demography and functional traits is well-positioned to benefit from such interoperability. Here, we introduce MOSAIC, an open-access trait database that unlocks the demographic potential stored in the COMADRE, COMPADRE, and PADRINO open-access databases. MOSAIC data were digitised and curated through a combination of existing datasets and new trait records sourced from primary literature. In its first release, MOSAIC (v. 1.0.0) includes 14 trait fields for 300 animal and plant species: biomass, height, growth determination, regeneration, sexual dimorphism, mating system, hermaphrodism, sequential hermaphrodism, dispersal capacity, type of dispersal, mode of dispersal, dispersal classes, volancy, and aquatic habitat dependency. MOSAIC includes species-level phylogenies for 1,359 species and population-specific climate data. We identify how database integration can improve our understanding of traits well-quantified in existing repositories and those that are poorly quantified (e.g., growth determination, modularity). MOSAIC highlights emerging challenges associated with standardising databases and demographic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Bernard
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Gabriel Silva Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Ecology, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of the Atlantic Forest (INMA), 29650-000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jacques A Deere
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Caro
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández. Av. Universidad, s/n, 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Pol Capdevila
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Kusch
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Arhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Arhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Samuel J L Gascoigne
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Jackson
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Salguero-Gómez
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Evolutionary Demography Laboratory, Max Plank Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
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18
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Williamson JL, Linck EB, Bautista E, Smiley A, McGuire JA, Dudley R, Witt CC. Hummingbird blood traits track oxygen availability across space and time. Ecol Lett 2023. [PMID: 37178017 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Predictable trait variation across environments suggests shared adaptive responses via repeated genetic evolution, phenotypic plasticity or both. Matching of trait-environment associations at phylogenetic and individual scales implies consistency between these processes. Alternatively, mismatch implies that evolutionary divergence has changed the rules of trait-environment covariation. Here we tested whether species adaptation alters elevational variation in blood traits. We measured blood for 1217 Andean hummingbirds of 77 species across a 4600-m elevational gradient. Unexpectedly, elevational variation in haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) was scale independent, suggesting that physics of gas exchange, rather than species differences, determines responses to changing oxygen pressure. However, mechanisms of [Hb] adjustment did show signals of species adaptation: Species at either low or high elevations adjusted cell size, whereas species at mid-elevations adjusted cell number. This elevational variation in red blood cell number versus size suggests that genetic adaptation to high altitude has changed how these traits respond to shifts in oxygen availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L Williamson
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ethan B Linck
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Emil Bautista
- Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, Peru
| | - Ashley Smiley
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jimmy A McGuire
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Robert Dudley
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher C Witt
- Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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19
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Kou X, Liu H, Chen H, Xu Z, Yu X, Cao X, Liu D, Wen L, Zhuo Y, Wang L. Multifunctionality and maintenance mechanism of wetland ecosystems in the littoral zone of the northern semi-arid region lake driven by environmental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161956. [PMID: 36737024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (BEMF) has become an ecological research hot spot in recent years. Changes in biodiversity are non-randomly distributed in space and time in natural ecosystems, and the BEMF relationship is affected by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors. These complex, uncertain relationships are affected by research scale and quantification and measurement indicators. This paper took the Daihai littoral zone wetlands in Inner Mongolia as the research object to reveal the dynamic succession of wetland vegetation and ecosystem function change characteristics and processes during the shrinkage of the lake. The main findings were as follows: the combined effect of aboveground (species and functions) and belowground (bacteria and fungi) diversity was greater than the effect of single components on ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) (R2 = 80.00 %). Soil salinity (EC) had a direct negative effect on EMF (λ = -0.22), and soil moisture (SM) had a direct positive effect on EMF (λ = 0.19). The results of the hierarchical partitioning analysis showed that plant species richness (Margalef index) was the ideal indicator to explain the EMF and C, N, and P cycling functions in littoral zone wetlands with explanations of 12.25 %, 7.31 %, 7.83 %, and 5.33 %, respectively. The EMF and C and P cycles were mainly affected by bacterial diversity, and the N cycle was mainly affected by fungal abundance in belowground biodiversity. Margalef index and sand content affected EMF through cascading effects of multiple nutrients (FDis, CWMRV, CWMLCC, and bacterial and fungal abundance and diversity) in littoral zone wetlands. This paper provides a reference for exploring the multifunctionality maintenance mechanisms of natural littoral zone wetland ecosystems in the context of global change, and it also provides important theoretical support and basic data for the implementation of ecological restoration in Daihai lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Kou
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Han Chen
- School of Business Administration and Humanities, Mongolian University of Science & Technology, Ulaanbaatar 46/520, Mongolia
| | - Zhichao Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiaoai Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yi Zhuo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security (Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), Hohhot 010021, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Hohhot 010021, China.
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20
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da Silva CRB, Beaman JE, Youngblood JP, Kellermann V, Diamond SE. Vulnerability to climate change increases with trophic level in terrestrial organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161049. [PMID: 36549538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The resilience of ecosystem function under global climate change is governed by individual species vulnerabilities and the functional groups they contribute to (e.g. decomposition, primary production, pollination, primary, secondary and tertiary consumption). Yet it remains unclear whether species that contribute to different functional groups, which underpin ecosystem function, differ in their vulnerability to climate change. We used existing upper thermal limit data across a range of terrestrial species (N = 1701) to calculate species warming margins (degrees distance between a species upper thermal limit and the maximum environmental temperature they inhabit), as a metric of climate change vulnerability. We examined whether species that comprise different functional groups exhibit differential vulnerability to climate change, and if vulnerability trends change across geographic space while considering evolutionary history. Primary producers had the broadest warming margins across the globe (μ = 18.72 °C) and tertiary consumers had the narrowest warming margins (μ = 9.64 °C), where vulnerability tended to increase with trophic level. Warming margins had a nonlinear relationship (second-degree polynomial) with absolute latitude, where warming margins were narrowest at about 33°, and were broader at lower and higher absolute latitudes. Evolutionary history explained significant variation in species warming margins, as did the methodology used to estimate species upper thermal limits. We investigated if variation in body mass across the trophic levels could explain why higher trophic level organisms had narrower warming margins than lower trophic level organisms, however, we did not find support for this hypothesis. This study provides a critical first step in linking individual species vulnerabilities with whole ecosystem responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R B da Silva
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Julian E Beaman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jacob P Youngblood
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR, USA
| | | | - Sarah E Diamond
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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21
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Yan P, He N, Yu K, Xu L, Van Meerbeek K. Integrating multiple plant functional traits to predict ecosystem productivity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:239. [PMID: 36869238 PMCID: PMC9984401 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying and predicting variation in gross primary productivity (GPP) is important for accurate assessment of the ecosystem carbon budget under global change. Scaling traits to community scales for predicting ecosystem functions (i.e., GPP) remain challenging, while it is promising and well appreciated with the rapid development of trait-based ecology. In this study, we aim to integrate multiple plant traits with the recently developed trait-based productivity (TBP) theory, verify it via Bayesian structural equation modeling (SEM) and complementary independent effect analysis. We further distinguish the relative importance of different traits in explaining the variation in GPP. We apply the TBP theory based on plant community traits to a multi-trait dataset containing more than 13,000 measurements of approximately 2,500 species in Chinese forest and grassland systems. Remarkably, our SEM accurately predicts variation in annual and monthly GPP across China (R2 values of 0.87 and 0.73, respectively). Plant community traits play a key role. This study shows that integrating multiple plant functional traits into the TBP theory strengthens the quantification of ecosystem primary productivity variability and further advances understanding of the trait-productivity relationship. Our findings facilitate integration of the growing plant trait data into future ecological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Kailiang Yu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Daxing'anling, 165200, China
| | - Koenraad Van Meerbeek
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Chacón-Labella J, Hinojo-Hinojo C, Bohner T, Castorena M, Violle C, Vandvik V, Enquist BJ. How to improve scaling from traits to ecosystem processes. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:228-237. [PMID: 36435672 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Scaling approaches in ecology assume that traits are the main attributes by which organisms influence ecosystem functioning. However, several recent empirical papers have found only weak links between traits and ecosystem functioning, questioning the usefulness of trait-based ecology (TBE). We argue that these studies often suffer from one or more widespread misconceptions. Specifically, these studies often (i) conflict with the conceptual foundations of TBE, (ii) lack theory- or hypothesis-driven selection and use of traits, (iii) tend to ignore intraspecific variation, and (iv) use experimental or study designs that are not well suited to make strong tests of TBE assumptions. Addressing these aspects could significantly improve our ability to scale from traits to ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Chacón-Labella
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Biology (Botany), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cesar Hinojo-Hinojo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; School of Geography and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Teresa Bohner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Matiss Castorena
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Brian J Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
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23
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Zheng S, Hu J, Ma Z, Lindenmayer D, Liu J. Increases in intraspecific body size variation are common among North American mammals and birds between 1880 and 2020. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:347-354. [PMID: 36690729 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have documented the average body size of animals declining over time. Compared to mean body size, less is known about long-term changes in intraspecific trait variation (ITV), which is also important to understanding species' ability to cope with environmental challenges. On the basis of 393,499 specimen records from 380 species collected in North America between 1880 and 2020, we found that body size ITV increased by 9.59% for mammals (n = 302) and 30.67% for birds (n = 78); human-harvested species had higher probability of ITV increase. The observed increasing ITV in many species suggests possible niche expansion and potential buffering effects against downsizing but it risks increased maladaptation to rapidly changing environments. The results demonstrate that trait mean and variance do not necessarily respond in similar ways to anthropogenic pressures and both should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - David Lindenmayer
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, China.
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24
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García FC, Clegg T, O'Neill DB, Warfield R, Pawar S, Yvon-Durocher G. The temperature dependence of microbial community respiration is amplified by changes in species interactions. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:272-283. [PMID: 36732470 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory release of CO2 by microorganisms is one of the main components of the global carbon cycle. However, there are large uncertainties regarding the effects of climate warming on the respiration of microbial communities, owing to a lack of mechanistic, empirically tested theory that incorporates dynamic species interactions. We present a general mathematical model which predicts that thermal sensitivity of microbial community respiration increases as species interactions change from competition to facilitation (for example, commensalism, cooperation and mutualism). This is because facilitation disproportionately increases positive feedback between the thermal sensitivities of species-level metabolic and biomass accumulation rates at warmer temperatures. We experimentally validate our theoretical predictions in a community of eight bacterial taxa and show that a shift from competition to facilitation, after a month of co-adaptation, caused a 60% increase in the thermal sensitivity of respiration relative to de novo assembled communities that had not co-adapted. We propose that rapid changes in species interactions can substantially change the temperature dependence of microbial community respiration, which should be accounted for in future climate-carbon cycle models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca C García
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
- Red Sea Research Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tom Clegg
- Georgina Mace Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, UK
| | | | - Ruth Warfield
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Samraat Pawar
- Georgina Mace Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, UK.
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25
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Costa FRC, Schietti J, Stark SC, Smith MN. The other side of tropical forest drought: do shallow water table regions of Amazonia act as large-scale hydrological refugia from drought? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:714-733. [PMID: 35037253 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forest function is of global significance to climate change responses, and critically determined by water availability patterns. Groundwater is tightly related to soil water through the water table depth (WT), but historically neglected in ecological studies. Shallow WT forests (WT < 5 m) are underrepresented in forest research networks and absent in eddy flux measurements, although they represent c. 50% of the Amazon and are expected to respond differently to global-change-related droughts. We review WT patterns and consequences for plants, emerging results, and advance a conceptual model integrating environment and trait distributions to predict climate change effects. Shallow WT forests have a distinct species composition, with more resource-acquisitive and hydrologically vulnerable trees, shorter canopies and lower biomass than deep WT forests. During 'normal' climatic years, shallow WT forests have higher mortality and lower productivity than deep WT forests, but during moderate droughts mortality is buffered and productivity increases. However, during severe drought, shallow WT forests may be more sensitive due to shallow roots and drought-intolerant traits. Our evidence supports the hypothesis of neglected shallow WT forests being resilient to moderate drought, challenging the prevailing view of widespread negative effects of climate change on Amazonian forests that ignores WT gradients, but predicts they could collapse under very strong droughts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R C Costa
- Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Av André Araújo 2223, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Juliana Schietti
- Departmento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Scott C Stark
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Marielle N Smith
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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26
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Cheng T, Pan Y, Wang X, Li Y. Community plant height modulated by aridity promotes spatial vegetation patterns in Alxa plateau in Northwest China. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9823. [PMID: 36818527 PMCID: PMC9929261 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial vegetation patterns are associated with ecosystem stability and multifunctionality in drylands. Changes in patch size distributions (PSDs) are generally driven by both environmental and biological factors. However, the relationships between these factors in driving PSDs are not fully understood. We investigated 80 vegetation plots along an aridity gradient in the Alxa plateau, Northwest China. The sizes of vegetation patches were obtained from aerial images, and the heights of patch-forming species were measured in the field. Soil samples were collected on the bare ground between patches for determination of physiochemical properties. Point pattern analysis was used to infer plant-plant interactions. A model selection procedure was employed to select the best predictors for the shape of PSDs and biological factors (vegetation total cover, community plant height, and plant-plant interactions). We then used structural equation modeling to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of environmental and biological factors on the shape of PSDs. In our study area, two types of PSDs coexisted, namely those that best fit to power law distributions and those that best fit to lognormal distributions. Aridity was the main environmental factor, while community mean height and competition between plants were the main biological factors for the shape of PSDs. As aridity and community mean height increased, power law-like PSDs were exhibited, whereas competition led to deviations of PSDs from power laws. Aridity affected the shape of PSDs indirectly through changes in community mean height. Community mean height was correlated with competition, thereby indirectly affecting the shape of PSDs. Our results suggest the use of community functional traits as a link between the environment and plant-plant interactions, which may improve the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PSD dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐liang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
- Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Yan‐xia Pan
- Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Xin‐ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
- Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical SilvicultureZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina
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27
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Sytiuk A, Hamard S, Céréghino R, Dorrepaal E, Geissel H, Küttim M, Lamentowicz M, Tuittila ES, Jassey VEJ. Linkages between Sphagnum metabolites and peatland CO 2 uptake are sensitive to seasonality in warming trends. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1164-1178. [PMID: 36336780 PMCID: PMC10108112 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a wide diversity of metabolites. Yet, our understanding of how shifts in plant metabolites as a response to climate change feedback on ecosystem processes remains scarce. Here, we test to what extent climate warming shifts the seasonality of metabolites produced by Sphagnum mosses, and what are the consequences of these shifts for peatland C uptake. We used a reciprocal transplant experiment along a climate gradient in Europe to simulate climate change. We evaluated the responses of primary and secondary metabolites in five Sphagnum species and related their responses to gross ecosystem productivity (GEP). When transplanted to a warmer climate, Sphagnum species showed consistent responses to warming, with an upregulation of either their primary or secondary metabolite according to seasons. Moreover, these shifts were correlated to changes in GEP, especially in spring and autumn. Our results indicate that the Sphagnum metabolome is very plastic and sensitive to warming. We also show that warming-induced changes in the seasonality of Sphagnum metabolites have consequences on peatland GEP. Our findings demonstrate the capacity for plant metabolic plasticity to impact ecosystem C processes and reveal a further mechanism through which Sphagnum could shape peatland responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sytiuk
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE)Université Paul Sabatier, CNRSF‐31000ToulouseFrance
| | - Samuel Hamard
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE)Université Paul Sabatier, CNRSF‐31000ToulouseFrance
| | - Régis Céréghino
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE)Université Paul Sabatier, CNRSF‐31000ToulouseFrance
| | - Ellen Dorrepaal
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐981 07AbiskoSweden
| | - Honorine Geissel
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE)Université Paul Sabatier, CNRSF‐31000ToulouseFrance
| | - Martin Küttim
- Institute of Ecology, School of Natural Sciences and HealthTallinn UniversityUus‐Sadama 510120TallinnEstonia
| | - Mariusz Lamentowicz
- Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological SciencesAdam Mickiewicz University in PoznańBogumiła Krygowskiego 1061‐680PoznańPoland
| | - Eeva Stiina Tuittila
- School of Forest SciencesUniversity of Eastern FinlandJoensuu CampusFI‐80100JoensuuFinland
| | - Vincent E. J. Jassey
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE)Université Paul Sabatier, CNRSF‐31000ToulouseFrance
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28
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Temporal dynamics in alpine snowpatch plants along a snowmelt gradient explained by functional traits and strategies. Oecologia 2023; 201:155-171. [PMID: 36472669 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alpine snowpatches are characterised by persistent snow cover, short growing seasons and periglacial processes, which has resulted in highly specialised plant communities. Hence, these snowpatch communities are among the most threatened from climate change. However, temporal dynamics in snowpatch microclimate and plant composition are rarely explored, especially in the marginal alpine environments of Australia. Seven snowpatches were categorised into early, mid and late snowmelt zones based on growing season length, with soil temperatures recorded from 2003 to 2020 and plant composition surveyed in 84 1 m2 quadrats in 2007, 2013 and 2020. Microclimate, species diversity, plant cover and composition, along with community-weighted trait means and plant strategies were assessed to understand snowpatch dynamics in response to climate change. We found that growing season length and temperatures have increased in late melt zones, while changes were less consistent in early and mid melt zones. There were few changes in species diversity, but increases in graminoids and declines in snowpatch specialists in mid and late melt zones. Community-weighted plant height, leaf area and leaf weight also increased, particularly in mid and late melt zones, while plant strategies shifted from compositions of ruderal-tolerant to stress-tolerant. Here, we show that snowpatch communities are rapidly changing in response to longer growing seasons and warmer temperatures, with the greatest changes occurring where snow persists the longest. The results highlight the climate-induced loss of defining biotic and abiotic characteristics of snowpatches, as temporal convergence of compositions along snowmelt gradients threatens the distinctiveness of snowpatch plant communities.
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29
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He N, Yan P, Liu C, Xu L, Li M, Van Meerbeek K, Zhou G, Zhou G, Liu S, Zhou X, Li S, Niu S, Han X, Buckley TN, Sack L, Yu G. Predicting ecosystem productivity based on plant community traits. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:43-53. [PMID: 36115777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid accumulation of plant trait data, major opportunities have arisen for the integration of these data into predicting ecosystem primary productivity across a range of spatial extents. Traditionally, traits have been used to explain physiological productivity at cell, organ, or plant scales, but scaling up to the ecosystem scale has remained challenging. Here, we show the need to combine measures of community-level traits and environmental factors to predict ecosystem productivity at landscape or biogeographic scales. We show how theory can extend the production ecology equation to enormous potential for integrating traits into ecological models that estimate productivity-related ecosystem functions across ecological scales and to anticipate the response of terrestrial ecosystems to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Koenraad Van Meerbeek
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyi Zhou
- Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shirong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, China's State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenggong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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30
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Beier S, Werner J, Bouvier T, Mouquet N, Violle C. Trait-trait relationships and tradeoffs vary with genome size in prokaryotes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:985216. [PMID: 36338105 PMCID: PMC9634001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.985216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report genomic traits that have been associated with the life history of prokaryotes and highlight conflicting findings concerning earlier observed trait correlations and tradeoffs. In order to address possible explanations for these contradictions we examined trait-trait variations of 11 genomic traits from ~18,000 sequenced genomes. The studied trait-trait variations suggested: (i) the predominance of two resistance and resilience-related orthogonal axes and (ii) at least in free living species with large effective population sizes whose evolution is little affected by genetic drift an overlap between a resilience axis and an oligotrophic-copiotrophic axis. These findings imply that resistance associated traits of prokaryotes are globally decoupled from resilience related traits and in the case of free-living communities also from traits associated with resource availability. However, further inspection of pairwise scatterplots showed that resistance and resilience traits tended to be positively related for genomes up to roughly five million base pairs and negatively for larger genomes. Genome size distributions differ across habitats and our findings therefore point to habitat dependent tradeoffs between resistance and resilience. This in turn may preclude a globally consistent assignment of prokaryote genomic traits to the competitor - stress-tolerator - ruderal (CSR) schema that sorts species depending on their location along disturbance and productivity gradients into three ecological strategies and may serve as an explanation for conflicting findings from earlier studies. All reviewed genomic traits featured significant phylogenetic signals and we propose that our trait table can be applied to extrapolate genomic traits from taxonomic marker genes. This will enable to empirically evaluate the assembly of these genomic traits in prokaryotic communities from different habitats and under different productivity and disturbance scenarios as predicted via the resistance-resilience framework formulated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Beier
- Department of Biological Oceanography, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Rostock, Germany
- UMR 7621 Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Johannes Werner
- Department of Biological Oceanography, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Rostock, Germany
- High Performance and Cloud Computing Group, Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung (ZDV), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thierry Bouvier
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Mouquet
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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31
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Sentis A, Hemptinne J, Magro A, Outreman Y. Biological control needs evolutionary perspectives of ecological interactions. Evol Appl 2022; 15:1537-1554. [PMID: 36330295 PMCID: PMC9624075 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
While ecological interactions have been identified as determinant for biological control efficiency, the role of evolution remains largely underestimated in biological control programs. With the restrictions on the use of both pesticides and exotic biological control agents (BCAs), the evolutionary optimization of local BCAs becomes central for improving the efficiency and the resilience of biological control. In particular, we need to better account for the natural processes of evolution to fully understand the interactions of pests and BCAs, including in biocontrol strategies integrating human manipulations of evolution (i.e., artificial selection and genetic engineering). In agroecosystems, the evolution of BCAs traits and performance depends on heritable phenotypic variation, trait genetic architecture, selection strength, stochastic processes, and other selective forces. Humans can manipulate these natural processes to increase the likelihood of evolutionary trait improvement, by artificially increasing heritable phenotypic variation, strengthening selection, controlling stochastic processes, or overpassing evolution through genetic engineering. We highlight these facets by reviewing recent studies addressing the importance of natural processes of evolution and human manipulations of these processes in biological control. We then discuss the interactions between the natural processes of evolution occurring in agroecosystems and affecting the artificially improved BCAs after their release. We emphasize that biological control cannot be summarized by interactions between species pairs because pests and biological control agents are entangled in diverse communities and are exposed to a multitude of deterministic and stochastic selective forces that can change rapidly in direction and intensity. We conclude that the combination of different evolutionary approaches can help optimize BCAs to remain efficient under changing environmental conditions and, ultimately, favor agroecosystem sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Sentis
- INRAEAix Marseille University, UMR RECOVERAix‐en‐ProvenceFrance
| | - Jean‐Louis Hemptinne
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité biologiqueUMR 5174 CNRS/UPS/IRDToulouseFrance
- Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi‐Pyrénées – ENSFEACastanet‐TolosanFrance
| | - Alexandra Magro
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité biologiqueUMR 5174 CNRS/UPS/IRDToulouseFrance
- Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi‐Pyrénées – ENSFEACastanet‐TolosanFrance
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32
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Báez S, Cayuela L, Macía MJ, Álvarez-Dávila E, Apaza-Quevedo A, Arnelas I, Baca-Cortes N, Bañares de Dios G, Bauters M, Ben Saadi C, Blundo C, Cabrera M, Castaño F, Cayola L, de Aledo JG, Espinosa CI, Fadrique B, Farfán-Rios W, Fuentes A, Garnica-Díaz C, González M, González D, Hensen I, Hurtado AB, Jadán O, Lippok D, Loza MI, Maldonado C, Malizia L, Matas-Granados L, Myers JA, Norden N, Oliveras Menor I, Pierick K, Ramírez-Angulo H, Salgado-Negret B, Schleuning M, Silman M, Solarte-Cruz ME, Tello JS, Verbeeck H, Vilanova E, Weithmann G, Homeier J. FunAndes – A functional trait database of Andean plants. Sci Data 2022; 9:511. [PMID: 35987763 PMCID: PMC9392769 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce the FunAndes database, a compilation of functional trait data for the Andean flora spanning six countries. FunAndes contains data on 24 traits across 2,694 taxa, for a total of 105,466 entries. The database features plant-morphological attributes including growth form, and leaf, stem, and wood traits measured at the species or individual level, together with geographic metadata (i.e., coordinates and elevation). FunAndes follows the field names, trait descriptions and units of measurement of the TRY database. It is currently available in open access in the FIGSHARE data repository, and will be part of TRY’s next release. Open access trait data from Andean plants will contribute to ecological research in the region, the most species rich terrestrial biodiversity hotspot. Measurement(s) | Bark thickness • Leaf area • Leaf aluminium (Al) content per leaf dry mass • Specific leaf area • Leaf calcium (Ca) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf carbon (C) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf carbon (C) isotope signature (delta 13 C) • Leaf compoundness • Leaf dry mass per leaf fresh mass (leaf dry matter content, LDMC) • Leaf magnesium (Mg) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf nitrogen (N) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf nitrogen (N) isotope signature (delta 15 N) • Leaf phosphorus (P) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf potassium (K) content per leaf dry mass • Leaf texture (sclerophylly, physical strength, toughness) • leaf thickness • Plant growth form • Stem conduit cross-sectional area (vessels and tracheids) • Stem conduit density (vessels and tracheids) • Sapwood specific conductivity | Technology Type(s) | bark gauge • Scanner Device • inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy • Calculated from area and mass • CN analyzer • Isotope analyzer • in vivo visual assessment • Ratio of fresh to dry mass • punch tester • micrometer • optical analysis of cross sections with specific software • weight and volume measurement • estimated with equations from wood anatomy | Factor Type(s) | Country • Lat • Long • Elevation • Collection_year | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Tracheophyta | Sample Characteristic - Environment | Andean ecosystems • cloud forest • tropical upper montane forest • tropical lower montane forest • Paramo • Andes | Sample Characteristic - Location | South America • Venezuela • Colombia • Ecuador • Peru • Bolivia • Argentina |
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Garcia FC, Warfield R, Yvon-Durocher G. Thermal traits govern the response of microbial community dynamics and ecosystem functioning to warming. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:906252. [PMID: 36060759 PMCID: PMC9428465 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.906252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological processes that underpin the dynamics of community turnover in response to environmental change is critical to predicting how warming will influence ecosystem functioning. Here, we quantify the effect of changing temperature on community composition and ecosystem functioning via the action of ecological selection on population-level thermal traits. To achieve this, we use microbes isolated from a network of geothermal streams in Iceland where in situ temperatures span 8–38°C within a single catchment. We first quantified variability in thermal tolerance between taxa, and then assembled synthetic communities along a broad thermal gradient to explore how temperature-driven selection on thermal tolerance traits shaped the emergent community structures and functions. We found marked changes in community structure and composition with temperature, such that communities exposed to extreme temperatures (10, 35°C) had highly asymmetric biomass distributions and low taxonomic richness. Thermal optima were a good predictor of the presence and relative abundance of taxa in the high-temperature treatments. We also found that the evenness of the abundance distribution was related to ecosystem production, such that communities with more equitable abundance distribution were also the most productive. Our results highlight the utility of using a multi-level approach that links population-level traits with community structure and ecosystem functioning to better understand how ecological communities will respond to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca C. Garcia
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Francisca C. Garcia,
| | - Ruth Warfield
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom
- Gabriel Yvon-Durocher,
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Lee J, Gambi MC, Kroeker KJ, Munari M, Peay K, Micheli F. Resilient consumers accelerate the plant decomposition in a naturally acidified seagrass ecosystem. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:4558-4576. [PMID: 35583009 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic stressors are predicted to alter biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide. However, scaling up from species to ecosystem responses poses a challenge, as species and functional groups can exhibit different capacities to adapt, acclimate, and compensate under changing environments. We used a naturally acidified seagrass ecosystem (the endemic Mediterranean Posidonia oceanica) as a model system to examine how ocean acidification (OA) modifies the community structure and functioning of plant detritivores, which play vital roles in the coastal nutrient cycling and food web dynamics. In seagrass beds associated with volcanic CO2 vents (Ischia, Italy), we quantified the effects of OA on seagrass decomposition by deploying litterbags in three distinct pH zones (i.e., ambient, low, extreme low pH), which differed in the mean and variability of seawater pH. We replicated the study in two discrete vents for 117 days (litterbags sampled on day 5, 10, 28, 55, and 117). Acidification reduced seagrass detritivore richness and diversity through the loss of less abundant, pH-sensitive species but increased the abundance of the dominant detritivore (amphipod Gammarella fucicola). Such compensatory shifts in species abundance caused more than a threefold increase in the total detritivore abundance in lower pH zones. These community changes were associated with increased consumption (52%-112%) and decay of seagrass detritus (up to 67% faster decomposition rate for the slow-decaying, refractory detrital pool) under acidification. Seagrass detritus deployed in acidified zones showed increased N content and decreased C:N ratio, indicating that altered microbial activities under OA may have affected the decay process. The findings suggest that OA could restructure consumer assemblages and modify plant decomposition in blue carbon ecosystems, which may have important implications for carbon sequestration, nutrient recycling, and trophic transfer. Our study highlights the importance of within-community response variability and compensatory processes in modulating ecosystem functions under extreme global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyung Lee
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Kristy J Kroeker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia, Naples, Italy
| | - Kabir Peay
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Pacific Grove, California, USA
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Variations in Functional Richness and Assembly Mechanisms of the Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest Communities along Geographical and Environmental Gradients. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13081206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Linking functional trait space and environmental conditions can help to understand how species fill the functional trait space when species increase along environmental gradients. Here, we examined the variations in functional richness (FRic) and their correlations with key environmental variables in forest communities along latitudinal, longitudinal, and elevational gradients, by measuring seven functional traits of woody plants in 250 forest plots of 0.04 ha across five locations in the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests (SEBLF) of China. On this basis, we explored whether environmental filtering constrained the functional volume by using a null model approach. Results showed that FRic decreased with increasing elevation and latitude, while it increased with increasing longitude, mirroring the geographical gradients in species richness. FRic was significantly related to precipitation of driest quarter, soil pH, and total phosphorus. Negative SES.FRic was prevalent (83.2% of the communities) in most SEBLF communities and was negatively related to mean diurnal range. Our study suggested that the geographical variation in the functional space occupied by SEBLF communities was affected mainly by climate and soil conditions. The results of the null model revealed that niche packing was dominant in SEBLF communities, highlighting the importance of environmental filtering in defining functional volume within SEBLF communities.
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Brown JH, Burger JR, Hou C, Hall CAS. The Pace of Life: Metabolic Energy, Biological Time, and Life History. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:icac058. [PMID: 35903994 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
New biophysical theory and electronic databases raise the prospect of deriving fundamental rules of life, a conceptual framework for how the structures and functions of molecules, cells and individual organisms give rise to emergent patterns and processes of ecology, evolution and biodiversity. This framework is very general, applying across taxa of animals from 10-10 g protists to 108 g whales, and across environments from deserts and abyssal depths to rain forests and coral reefs. It has several hallmarks: 1) Energy is the ultimate limiting resource for organisms and the currency of biological fitness. 2) Most organisms are nearly equally fit, because in each generation at steady state they transfer an equal quantity of energy (22.4 kJ/g) and biomass (1 g/g) to surviving offspring. This is the equal fitness paradigm (EFP) of Brown et al. (2018). 3) The enormous diversity of life histories is due largely to variation in metabolic rates (e.g., energy uptake and expenditure via assimilation, respiration and production) and biological times (e.g., generation time). As in standard allometric and metabolic theory, most physiological and life history traits scale approximately as quarter-power functions of body mass, m (rates as ∼m-1/4 and times as ∼m1/4), and as exponential functions of temperature. 4) Time is the fourth dimension of life. Generation time is the pace of life. 5) There is, however, considerable variation not accounted for by the above scalings and existing theories. Much of this "unexplained" variation is due to natural selection on life history traits to adapt the biological times of generations to the clock times of geochronological environmental cycles. 7) Most work on biological scaling and metabolic ecology has focused on respiration rate. The emerging synthesis applies conceptual foundations of energetics and the EFP to shift the focus to production rate and generation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Brown
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131USA
| | - Joseph R Burger
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506USA
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Biological Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409USA
| | - Charles A S Hall
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology and Program in Environmental Science, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse NY, 13210, USA
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Metabolic Scaling in Birds and Mammals: How Taxon Divergence Time, Phylogeny, and Metabolic Rate Affect the Relationship between Scaling Exponents and Intercepts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071067. [PMID: 36101445 PMCID: PMC9312277 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study is based on a large dataset and re-evaluates data on the metabolic rate, providing new insights into the similarities and differences across different groups of birds and mammals. We compared six taxonomic groups of mammals and birds according to their energetic characteristics and the geological time of evolutionary origin. The overall metabolic rate of a taxonomic group increases with the geological time of evolutionary origin. The terrestrial mammals and flightless birds have almost equal metabolic levels. The higher the metabolic rate in a group, the less it increases within increasing body size in this group. Abstract Analysis of metabolic scaling in currently living endothermic animal species allowed us to show how the relationship between body mass and the basal metabolic rate (BMR) has evolved in the history of endothermic vertebrates. We compared six taxonomic groups according to their energetic characteristics and the time of evolutionary divergence. We transformed the slope of the regression lines to the common value and analyzed three criteria for comparing BMR of different taxa regardless of body size. Correlation between average field metabolic rate (FMR) of the group and its average BMR was shown. We evaluated the efficiency of self-maintenance in ordinary life (defined BMR/FMR) in six main groups of endotherms. Our study has shown that metabolic scaling in the main groups of endothermic animals correlates with their evolutionary age: the younger the group, the higher the metabolic rate, but the rate increases more slowly with increasing body weight. We found negative linear relationship for scaling exponents and the allometric coefficient in five groups of endotherms: in units of mL O2/h per g, in relative units of allometric coefficients, and also in level or scaling elevation. Mammals that diverged from the main vertebrate stem earlier have a higher “b” exponent than later divergent birds. A new approach using three criteria for comparing BMR of different taxa regardless of body mass will be useful for many biological size-scaling relationships that follow the power function.
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Wang J, Wang Y, Qu M, Feng Y, Wu B, Lu Q, He N, Li J. Testing the Functional and Phylogenetic Assembly of Plant Communities in Gobi Deserts of Northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952074. [PMID: 35923883 PMCID: PMC9340061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism governing plant community assembly across large-scale Gobi deserts remains unclear. Here, we inferred the roles of different assembly processes in structuring plant communities in the Gobi deserts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by using a phylogenetic tree, and leaf and root traits. The functional and phylogenetic structures of 183 plant communities were assessed, and their distributions were linked with environmental gradients. Our results demonstrated that functional convergence was prevalent in most functional traits (75% of the traits) and accentuated when all traits were combined. The phylogenetic structure exhibited significant divergence. We observed the contrasting response of functional and phylogenetic assembly structures to environmental gradients. More importantly, we found that the shifts in the functional assembly along environmental gradients were trait-specific, with dominant roles of local factors, such as gravel coverage and soil attributes, in determining the distribution patterns of most traits. However, the distribution patterns of leaf P concentration (LPC), root N concentration (RNC), and root P concentration (RPC) were mainly driven by climatic factors. These results reveal that niche-based processes, such as abiotic filtering and weaker competitive exclusion, are the major drivers of species co-occurrence, which results in the widespread coexistence of phylogenetically distinct but functionally similar species within the Gobi plant community. Our findings could improve the understanding of plant community assembly processes and biodiversity maintenance in extremely harsh drylands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjun Qu
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Feng
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Ecology Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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39
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Oliveira BF, Moore FC, Dong X. Biodiversity mediates ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability. Commun Biol 2022; 5:628. [PMID: 35761028 PMCID: PMC9237054 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rich body of evidence from local-scale experiments and observational studies has revealed stabilizing effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, whether these effects emerge across entire regions and continents remains largely overlooked. Here we combine data on the distribution of more than 57,500 plant species and remote-sensing observations throughout the entire Western Hemisphere to investigate the role of multiple facets of plant diversity (species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity) in mediating the sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability at the regional-scale over the past 20 years. We show that, across multiple biomes, regions of greater plant diversity exhibit lower sensitivity (more stable over time) to temperature variability at the interannual and seasonal-scales. While these areas can display lower sensitivity to interannual variability in precipitation, they emerge as highly sensitive to precipitation seasonality. Conserving landscapes of greater diversity may help stabilize ecosystem functioning under climate change, possibly securing the continuous provisions of productivity-related ecosystem service to people. With the help of spatial autoregressive models, the relationship between multiple facets of plant biodiversity and ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability is explored on a landscape-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunno F Oliveira
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. .,Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB), FRB, Montpellier, France.
| | - Frances C Moore
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Zhang J, Hedin LO, Li M, Xu L, Yan P, Dai G, He N. Leaf N:P ratio does not predict productivity trends across natural terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology 2022; 103:e3789. [PMID: 35718750 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are crucial nutrients for regulating plant growth. The classic growth rate hypothesis (GRH) proposes that fast-growing organisms have lower N:P ratios, and it is promising to predict net primary productivity (NPP) using the leaf N:P ratio at the community level (N:PCom ). However, whether leaf N:P ratio can predict NPP in natural ecosystems on a large scale remains nebulous. Here, we systematically calculated leaf N:PCom (community biomass-weighted mean and species-arithmetic mean) using the consistently measured data of 2,192 plant species-site combinations and productivity (biomass-based aboveground NPP and flux-based NPP) in 66 natural ecosystems in China. Unexpectedly, leaf N:PCom hardly predicted productivity in natural ecosystems due to their weak correlation, although significantly negative or positive relationships across different ecosystems were observed. The ambiguous relationship between leaf N:P and species dominance reflected a luxury consumption of N and P in turnover and structure in natural communities, unlike what GRH suggests. Climate, soil, and leaf nutrients (rather than N:P) influenced productivity, which highlighted the importance of external environment and nutrient constrains. Our findings pose a major challenge for leaf N:PCom as a direct parameter in productivity models and further question the direct application of classic hypotheses in short-term experiments or model species to long-term and complex natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lars O Hedin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Dai
- Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Antu, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Castorena M, Olson ME, Enquist BJ, Fajardo A. Toward a general theory of plant carbon economics. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:829-837. [PMID: 35717415 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant life-history variation reflects different outcomes of natural selection given the strictures of resource allocation trade-offs. However, there is limited theory of selection predicting how leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive organs should evolve in concert across environments. Here, we synthesize two optimality theories to offer a general theory of plant carbon economics, named as Gmax theory, that shows how life-history variation is limited to phenotypes that have an approximately similar lifetime net carbon gain per body mass. In consequence, fast-slow economics spectra are the result of trait combinations obtaining similar lifetime net carbon gains from leaves and similar net carbon investment costs in stems, roots, and reproductive organs. Gmax theory also helps explain ecosystem and crop productivity and even helps guide carbon conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matiss Castorena
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
| | - Mark E Olson
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Brian J Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Alex Fajardo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinario (I3), Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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Da R, Hao M, Qiao X, Zhang C, Zhao X. Unravelling Trait-Environment Relationships at Local and Regional Scales in Temperate Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:907839. [PMID: 35707613 PMCID: PMC9189410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.907839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the trait-environment relationships has been a core ecological research topic in the face of global climate change. However, the strength of trait-environment relationships at the local and regional scales in temperate forests remains poorly known. In this study, we investigated the local and regional scale forest plots of the natural broad-leaved temperate forest in northeastern China, to assess what extent community-level trait composition depends on environmental drivers across spatial scales. We measured five key functional traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf carbon content, leaf nitrogen content, and wood density) of woody plant, and quantified functional compositions of communities by calculating the "specific" community-weighted mean (CWM) traits. The sum of squares decomposition method was used to quantify the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variation to total trait variation among communities. Multiple linear regression model was then used to explore the community-level trait-environment relationships. We found that (i) intraspecific trait variation contributed considerably to total trait variation and decreased with the spatial scale from local to regional; (ii) functional composition was mainly affected by soil and topography factors at the local scale and climate factor at the regional scale, while explaining that variance of environment factors were decreased with increasing spatial scale; and (iii) the main environment driver of functional composition was varied depending on the traits and spatial scale. This work is one of the few multi-scale analyses to investigate the environmental drivers of community functional compositions. The extent of intraspecific trait variation and the strength of trait-environment relationship showed consistent trends with increasing spatial scale. Our findings demonstrate the influence of environmental filtering on both local- and regional-scale temperate forest communities, and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of trait-environment relationships across spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiuhai Zhao
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Castro AFD, Medeiros-Sarmento PSD, Caldeira CF, Ramos SJ, Gastauer M. Phylogenetic clustering of tree communities decreases with stand age and environmental quality along a mineland rehabilitation chronosequence. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Thakur D, Münzbergová Z. Rhizome trait scaling relationships are modulated by growth conditions and are linked to plant fitness. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:529-540. [PMID: 35180294 PMCID: PMC9007095 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Rhizomes are important organs allowing many clonal plants to persist and reproduce under stressful climates with longer rhizomes, indicating enhanced ability of the plants to spread vegetatively. We do not, however, know either how rhizome construction costs change with increasing length or how they vary with environmental conditions. METHODS We analysed the rhizome length vs. mass scaling relationship, the plasticity in the scaling relationships, their genetic basis and how scaling relationships are linked to plant fitness. We used data from 275 genotypes of a clonal grass Festuca rubra originating from 11 localities and cultivated under four contrasting climates. Data were analysed using standard major axis regression, mixed-effect regression models and a structural equation model. KEY RESULTS Rhizome construction costs increased (i.e. lower specific rhizome length) with increasing length. The trait scaling relationships were modulated by cultivation climate, and its effects also interacted with the climate of origin of the experimental plants. With increasing length, increasing moisture led to a greater increase in rhizome construction costs. Plants with lower rhizome construction costs showed significantly higher fitness. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that rhizome scaling relationships are plastic, but also show genetic differentiation and are linked to plant fitness. Therefore, to persist under variable environments, modulation in scaling relationships could be an important plant strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Thakur
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lourenço J, Enquist BJ, von Arx G, Sonsin-Oliveira J, Morino K, Thomaz LD, Milanez CRD. Hydraulic tradeoffs underlie local variation in tropical forest functional diversity and sensitivity to drought. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:50-63. [PMID: 34981534 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forests are important to the regulation of climate and the maintenance of biodiversity on Earth. However, these ecosystems are threatened by climate change, as temperatures rise and droughts' frequency and duration increase. Xylem anatomical traits are an essential component in understanding and predicting forest responses to changes in water availability. We calculated the community-weighted means and variances of xylem anatomical traits of hydraulic and structural importance (plot-level trait values weighted by species abundance) to assess their linkages to local adaptation and community assembly in response to varying soil water conditions in an environmentally diverse Brazilian Atlantic Forest habitat. Scaling approaches revealed community-level tradeoffs in xylem traits not observed at the species level. Towards drier sites, xylem structural reinforcement and integration balanced against hydraulic efficiency and capacitance xylem traits, leading to changes in plant community diversity. We show how general community assembly rules are reflected in persistent fiber-parenchyma and xylem hydraulic tradeoffs. Trait variation across a moisture gradient is larger between species than within species and is realized mainly through changes in species composition and abundance, suggesting habitat specialization. Modeling efforts to predict tropical forest diversity and drought sensitivity may benefit from adding hydraulic architecture traits into the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehová Lourenço
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geography, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QE, UK
| | - Brian J Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 87501, USA
| | - Georg von Arx
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Julia Sonsin-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação (PPG) em Botânica, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade de Brasília - UNB, Brasília, DF, 70919-970, Brazil
| | - Kiyomi Morino
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Luciana Dias Thomaz
- Herbário VIES, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Camilla Rozindo Dias Milanez
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
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46
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Cooley SS, Fisher JB, Goldsmith GR. Convergence in water use efficiency within plant functional types across contrasting climates. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:341-345. [PMID: 35422082 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water use efficiency (WUE) provides a direct measure of the inextricable link between plant carbon uptake and water loss, and it can be used to study how ecosystem function varies with climate. We analysed WUE data from the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS), leveraging the high spatial resolution of ECOSTRESS to study the distribution of WUE values both within and among regions with different plant functional types. Our results indicate that despite wide local variability of WUE estimates, WUE tended to converge to common global optima (peaked distributions with variance <0.5 g C per kg H2O, kurtosis >3.0) for five of nine plant functional types (grassland, permanent wetland, savannah, deciduous broadleaf and deciduous needleleaf forest), and this convergence occurred in functional types that spanned distinct geographic regions and climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah S Cooley
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua B Fisher
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA.
| | - Gregory R Goldsmith
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
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47
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Brun P, Violle C, Mouillot D, Mouquet N, Enquist BJ, Munoz F, Münkemüller T, Ostling A, Zimmermann NE, Thuiller W. Plant community impact on productivity: Trait diversity or key(stone) species effects? Ecol Lett 2022; 25:913-925. [PMID: 35064626 PMCID: PMC9305544 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Outside controlled experimental plots, the impact of community attributes on primary productivity has rarely been compared to that of individual species. Here, we identified plant species of high importance for productivity (key species) in >29,000 diverse grassland communities in the European Alps, and compared their effects with those of community-level measures of functional composition (weighted means, variances, skewness and kurtosis). After accounting for the environment, the five most important key species jointly explained more deviance of productivity than any measure of functional composition alone. Key species were generally tall with high specific leaf areas. By dividing the observations according to distinct habitats, the explanatory power of key species and functional composition increased and key-species plant types and functional composition-productivity relationships varied systematically, presumably because of changing interactions and trade-offs between traits. Our results advocate for a careful consideration of species' individual effects on ecosystem functioning in complement to community-level measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Brun
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
| | | | - David Mouillot
- UMR 9190 MARBECUniv MontpellierCNRSIfremer, IRDMontpellier, Cedex 5France
- Institut Universitaire de FranceIUFParisFrance
| | - Nicolas Mouquet
- UMR 9190 MARBECUniv MontpellierCNRSIfremer, IRDMontpellier, Cedex 5France
- CESAB – FRBMontpellierFrance
| | - Brian J. Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - François Munoz
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de PhysiqueUniv. Grenoble AlpesSaint‐Martin‐d'HeresFrance
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48
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Tobias JA. A bird in the hand: Global-scale morphological trait datasets open new frontiers of ecology, evolution and ecosystem science. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:573-580. [PMID: 35199920 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
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49
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Tobias JA, Sheard C, Pigot AL, Devenish AJM, Yang J, Sayol F, Neate-Clegg MHC, Alioravainen N, Weeks TL, Barber RA, Walkden PA, MacGregor HEA, Jones SEI, Vincent C, Phillips AG, Marples NM, Montaño-Centellas FA, Leandro-Silva V, Claramunt S, Darski B, Freeman BG, Bregman TP, Cooney CR, Hughes EC, Capp EJR, Varley ZK, Friedman NR, Korntheuer H, Corrales-Vargas A, Trisos CH, Weeks BC, Hanz DM, Töpfer T, Bravo GA, Remeš V, Nowak L, Carneiro LS, Moncada R AJ, Matysioková B, Baldassarre DT, Martínez-Salinas A, Wolfe JD, Chapman PM, Daly BG, Sorensen MC, Neu A, Ford MA, Mayhew RJ, Fabio Silveira L, Kelly DJ, Annorbah NND, Pollock HS, Grabowska-Zhang AM, McEntee JP, Carlos T Gonzalez J, Meneses CG, Muñoz MC, Powell LL, Jamie GA, Matthews TJ, Johnson O, Brito GRR, Zyskowski K, Crates R, Harvey MG, Jurado Zevallos M, Hosner PA, Bradfer-Lawrence T, Maley JM, Stiles FG, Lima HS, Provost KL, Chibesa M, Mashao M, Howard JT, Mlamba E, Chua MAH, Li B, Gómez MI, García NC, Päckert M, Fuchs J, Ali JR, Derryberry EP, Carlson ML, Urriza RC, Brzeski KE, Prawiradilaga DM, Rayner MJ, Miller ET, Bowie RCK, Lafontaine RM, Scofield RP, Lou Y, Somarathna L, Lepage D, Illif M, Neuschulz EL, Templin M, Dehling DM, Cooper JC, Pauwels OSG, Analuddin K, Fjeldså J, Seddon N, Sweet PR, DeClerck FAJ, Naka LN, Brawn JD, Aleixo A, Böhning-Gaese K, Rahbek C, Fritz SA, Thomas GH, Schleuning M. AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:581-597. [PMID: 35199922 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Functional traits offer a rich quantitative framework for developing and testing theories in evolutionary biology, ecology and ecosystem science. However, the potential of functional traits to drive theoretical advances and refine models of global change can only be fully realised when species-level information is complete. Here we present the AVONET dataset containing comprehensive functional trait data for all birds, including six ecological variables, 11 continuous morphological traits, and information on range size and location. Raw morphological measurements are presented from 90,020 individuals of 11,009 extant bird species sampled from 181 countries. These data are also summarised as species averages in three taxonomic formats, allowing integration with a global phylogeny, geographical range maps, IUCN Red List data and the eBird citizen science database. The AVONET dataset provides the most detailed picture of continuous trait variation for any major radiation of organisms, offering a global template for testing hypotheses and exploring the evolutionary origins, structure and functioning of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine Sheard
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alex L Pigot
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Ferran Sayol
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Montague H C Neate-Clegg
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nico Alioravainen
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Natural Resources Institute Finland, Natural resources - Migratory fish and regulated rivers, Oulu, Finland
| | - Thomas L Weeks
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Robert A Barber
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Patrick A Walkden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Hannah E A MacGregor
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Samuel E I Jones
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
| | - Claire Vincent
- UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna G Phillips
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicola M Marples
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Flavia A Montaño-Centellas
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia.,Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Victor Leandro-Silva
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Aves, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Santiago Claramunt
- Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bianca Darski
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Benjamin G Freeman
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tom P Bregman
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Future-Fit Foundation, Spitalfields, London, UK
| | | | - Emma C Hughes
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Elliot J R Capp
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Zoë K Varley
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
| | - Nicholas R Friedman
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Heiko Korntheuer
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Corrales-Vargas
- Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Christopher H Trisos
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,African Climate and Development Initiative, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for Statistics in Ecology, the Environment and Conservation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brian C Weeks
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dagmar M Hanz
- Biogeography and Biodiversity Lab, Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt, , Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Till Töpfer
- Ornithology Section, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gustavo A Bravo
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vladimír Remeš
- Department of Zoology, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Larissa Nowak
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lincoln S Carneiro
- Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Amilkar J Moncada R
- CATIE (Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza), Cartago, Turrialba, Costa Rica
| | | | | | | | - Jared D Wolfe
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Marjorie C Sorensen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Neu
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael A Ford
- South African Ringing Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rebekah J Mayhew
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Luis Fabio Silveira
- Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David J Kelly
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nathaniel N D Annorbah
- Department of Biological, Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Henry S Pollock
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jay P McEntee
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Juan Carlos T Gonzalez
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Museum of Natural History, University of the Philippines Los, Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.,Animal Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Los, Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Camila G Meneses
- Museum of Natural History, University of the Philippines Los, Baños, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Marcia C Muñoz
- Programa de Biología, Universidad de la Salle, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luke L Powell
- Institute of Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Biodiversity Initiative, Houghton, Michigan, USA.,CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Gabriel A Jamie
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Matthews
- GEES (School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences) and Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,CE3C (Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade, dos Açores), Depto de Ciências Agráriase Engenharia do Ambiente, Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal
| | - Oscar Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisina, USA
| | - Guilherme R R Brito
- Depto. de Ecologia e Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Kristof Zyskowski
- Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ross Crates
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Michael G Harvey
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biodiversity Collections, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | - Peter A Hosner
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - James M Maley
- Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - F Gary Stiles
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hevana S Lima
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Kaiya L Provost
- Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Moses Chibesa
- Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | | | - Jeffrey T Howard
- Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisina, USA.,Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisina, USA
| | - Edson Mlamba
- Department of Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marcus A H Chua
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Bicheng Li
- Natural History Research Center, Shanghai Natural History Museum, Shanghai, China
| | - M Isabel Gómez
- Colección Boliviana de Fauna - Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Agua, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Natalia C García
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Päckert
- Senckenberg Natural History Collections, Museum of Zoology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jérôme Fuchs
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, Paris, France
| | - Jarome R Ali
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Derryberry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Monica L Carlson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rolly C Urriza
- Ornithology Section, Zoology Division, Philippine National Museum, Rizal Park, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kristin E Brzeski
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Dewi M Prawiradilaga
- Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Matt J Rayner
- Auckland Museum, Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Rauri C K Bowie
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - René-Marie Lafontaine
- Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Yingqiang Lou
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lankani Somarathna
- Natural History Section, Department of National Museum, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - Eike Lena Neuschulz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mathias Templin
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Matthias Dehling
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier S G Pauwels
- Department of Recent Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kangkuso Analuddin
- Department of Biotechnology, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
| | - Jon Fjeldså
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nathalie Seddon
- Nature-based Solutions Initiative, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul R Sweet
- Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fabrice A J DeClerck
- Bioversity International, CGIAR, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, Montpellier, France
| | - Luciano N Naka
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Aves, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey D Brawn
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexandre Aleixo
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katrin Böhning-Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carsten Rahbek
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Susanne A Fritz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gavin H Thomas
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Tring, UK
| | - Matthias Schleuning
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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50
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Lee J, Hughes BB, Kroeker KJ, Owens A, Wong C, Micheli F. Who wins or loses matters: Strongly interacting consumers drive seagrass resistance under ocean acidification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151594. [PMID: 34826463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global stressors are increasingly altering ecosystem resistance, resilience, and functioning by reorganizing vital species interactions. However, our predictive understanding of these changes is hindered by failures to consider species-specific functional roles and stress responses within communities. Stressor-driven loss or reduced performance of strongly interacting species may generate abrupt shifts in ecosystem states and functions. Yet, empirical support for this prediction is scarce, especially in marine climate change research. Using a marine assemblage comprising a habitat-forming seagrass (Phyllospadix torreyi), its algal competitor, and three consumer species (algal grazers) with potentially different functional roles and pH tolerance, we investigated how ocean acidification (OA) may, directly and indirectly, alter community resistance. In the field and laboratory, hermit crabs (Pagurus granosimanus and P. hirsutiusculus) and snails (Tegula funebralis) displayed distinct microhabitat use, with hermit crabs more frequently grazing in the area of high algal colonization (i.e., surfgrass canopy). In mesocosms, this behavioral difference led to hermit crabs exerting ~2 times greater per capita impact on algal epiphyte biomass than snails. Exposure to OA variably affected the grazers: snails showed reduced feeding and growth under extreme pH (7.3 and 7.5), whereas hermit crabs (P. granosimanus) maintained a similar grazing rate under all pH levels (pH 7.3, 7.5, 7.7, and 7.95). Epiphyte biomass increased more rapidly under extreme OA (pH 7.3 and 7.5), but natural densities of snails and hermit crabs prevented algal overgrowth irrespective of pH treatments. Finally, grazers and acidification additively increased surfgrass productivity and delayed the shoot senescence. Hence, although OA impaired the function of the most abundant consumers (snails), strongly interacting and pH-tolerant species (hermit crabs) largely maintained the top-down pressure to facilitate seagrass dominance. Our study highlights significant within-community variation in species functional and response traits and shows that this variation has important ecosystem consequences under anthropogenic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyung Lee
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA.
| | - Brent B Hughes
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Kristy J Kroeker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Ava Owens
- Santa Catalina School, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
| | | | - Fiorenza Micheli
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA; Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
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