1
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Yong T, Kim D, Kim S. Simultaneous multiple target detection platform based on vertical flow immunoassay. J Immunol Methods 2024; 530:113690. [PMID: 38759863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
In general, vertical flow assay (VFA) has a disadvantage of requiring a complex analysis process that involves manually injecting various reagents (target analyte, washing buffer, detection conjugate, etc.) sequentially. However, in this study, we have developed an innovative paper-based VFA device that replaces the complex analysis process with one-step and enables the detection of multiple targets. The fabrication process of the multi-target detection VFA device is as follows: preparation and pre-treatment of the strip materials, design of strip cartridge, design of the multiple detection VFA device, optimization experiments for strip sample flow rates, determination of device analysis time, determination of device limit of detection (LOD), multiple target signal uniformity experiment, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) antigen-antibody multiple detection experiment, and data extraction and analysis method. The use of paper-based materials enables the device to be produced at cost-effective, and cartridge production allowed for uniform array formation. IgG and CRP are used to evaluate the performance of the device as common biomarkers. The device proposed in this study is currently under research. To validate multiple target detection capability of the VFA device proposed in this study, two types of antigens-antibodies (Human IgG and Human CRP) were employed. The detection limit is 0.15 μg/mL for IgG and 0.19 μg/mL for CRP in naked eye. Furthermore, it was confirmed that there is no cross-reactivity caused by the device structure through IgG and CRP antigens. In conclusion, the VFA device proposed in this study consists of a one-step analysis process, and it has been confirmed that it can detect multiple targets simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taek Yong
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Dami Kim
- Philmedi R&D Center, Philmedi Incorporation, 33, Sagimakgol-ro 62beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam 13211, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea; Philmedi R&D Center, Philmedi Incorporation, 33, Sagimakgol-ro 62beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam 13211, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Sen S, Bhowmik P, Tiwari S, Peleg Y, Bandyopadhyay B. Versatility of reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) from diagnosis of early pathological infection to mutation detection in organisms. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:211. [PMID: 38270670 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a rapid, state-of-the-art DNA amplification technology, used primarily for the quick diagnosis and early identification of microbial infection, caused by pathogens such as virus, bacteria and malaria. A target DNA can be amplified within 30 min using the LAMP reaction, taking place at a steady temperature. The LAMP method uses four or six primers to bind eight regions of a target DNA and has a very high specificity. The devices used for conducting LAMP are usually simple since the LAMP method is an isothermal process. When LAMP is coupled with Reverse Transcription (RT), it allows direct detection of RNA in a sample. This greatly enhances the efficiency of diagnosis of RNA viruses in a sample. Recently, the rampant spread of COVID-19 demanded such a rapid, simple, and cost-effective Point of Care Test (PoCT) for the accurate diagnosis of this pandemic. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays are not only used for the detection of microbial pathogens, but there are various other applications such as detection of genetic mutations in food and various organisms. In this review, various implementations of RT-LAMP techniques would be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Sen
- School of Bioscience, Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Bhowmik
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India
| | - Shubhangi Tiwari
- School of Bioscience, Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yoav Peleg
- Structural Proteomics Unit (SPU), Life Sciences Core Facilities (LSCF), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Boudhayan Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India.
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3
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Huang L, Zhang C, Ye R, Yan B, Zhou X, Xu W, Guo J. Capacitive biosensors for label-free and ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers. Talanta 2024; 266:124951. [PMID: 37487266 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive biosensors are label-free capacitors that can detect biomarkers with the outstanding advantages of simplicity, low cost, and ultrahigh sensitivity. A typical capacitive biosensor consists of a bioreceptor and a transducer, where the bioreceptor captures the biomarker to form a bioreceptor/biomarker conjugate and the transducer generates a detectable signal. In general, antibodies, aptamers, or proteins are exploited as the bioreceptor, while various electrodes including carbon electrodes (CEs), gold electrodes (AuEs), or interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) may serve as the transducer. Because the formation of bioreceptor/biomarker conjugates often leads to a change in capacitance, the capacitive signal is then employed for biomarker detection. This review summarizes recent advances in capacitive biosensors for the detection of biomarkers over the last five years. With a focus on the three common types of bioreceptors, i.e., antibodies, aptamers, and proteins, capacitive biosensors using CEs, AuEs, and IDEs as the transducers are discussed in detail. The immobilization of bioreceptors and signal amplification strategies are described to provide a robust overview of capacitive biosensors for biomarker detection. In addition, analytical methods and future prospects are given to support the application of capacitive biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China; School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China
| | - Run Ye
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China.
| | - Xiaojia Zhou
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, China.
| | - Wenbo Xu
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhong Guo
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Nourizad A, Golmohammadi S, Aghanejad A, Tohidkia MR. Recent trends in aptamer-based nanobiosensors for detection of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) biomarker: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116726. [PMID: 37495062 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a remarkable cytokine that plays an important role in regulating vascular formation during the angiogenesis process. Therefore, real-time detection and quantification of VEGF is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment due to its overexpression in various tumors. Among various sensing strategies, the aptamer-based sensors in combination with biological molecules improve the detection ability VEGFs. Aptamers are suitable biological recognition agents for the preparation of sensitive and reproducible aptasensors (Apt-sensors) due to their low immunogenicity, simple and straightforward chemical modification, and high resistance to denaturation. Here, a summary of the strategies for immobilization of aptamers (e.g., direct or self-assembled monolayer (SAM) attachment, etc.) on different types of electrodes was provided. Moreover, we discussed nanoparticle deposition techniques and surface modification methods used for signal amplification in the detection of VEGF. Furthermore, we are investigating various types of optical and electrochemical Apt-sensors used to improve sensor characterization in the detection of VEGF biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Nourizad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Golmohammadi
- Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza General Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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5
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Lee SY, Kim EO, Jang D, Hwang S, Rhee KJ, Yun M. Method to Determine the Optimal Aptamer-to-Bead Ratio by Using Flow Cytometry. SCIENTIFICA 2023; 2023:5842652. [PMID: 37469438 PMCID: PMC10353897 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5842652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Research on the effective attachment of aptamers to beads, which is essential for using aptamers, has made relatively little progress. Here, we demonstrate a new method based on flow cytometry to determine the optimal aptamer-to-bead ratio for aptamer immobilization. The fluorescence intensity increased with a gradual two-fold increase in the aptamer fluorescence concentration, peaked at an aptamer-to-bead ratio of 2.56 × 105, and tended to decrease at higher ratios. A similar pattern was observed in an additional analysis using fluorescence microscopy. However, measurement of the free aptamer concentration after the aptamer-bead conjugation reaction revealed a large aptamer loss compared to the 1.28 × 105 aptamer-bead ratio. In addition, the binding efficiency of the aptamer/bead to the target was highest at the aptamer-to-bead ratio of 1.28 × 105. Taken together, our data suggest that the proposed method is the best and easiest for determining the optimal aptamer-to-bead ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Lee
- Lab of Functional Aptamer, Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Resource Upcycling and Discovery Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ok Kim
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyuk Jang
- Lab of Functional Aptamer, Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Resource Upcycling and Discovery Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonjae Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Software & Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyong Yun
- Lab of Functional Aptamer, Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Resource Upcycling and Discovery Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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6
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Atay E, Altan A. Nanomaterial interfaces designed with different biorecognition elements for biosensing of key foodborne pathogens. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3151-3184. [PMID: 37222549 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases caused by pathogen bacteria are a serious problem toward the safety of human life in a worldwide. Conventional methods for pathogen bacteria detection have several handicaps, including trained personnel requirement, low sensitivity, laborious enrichment steps, low selectivity, and long-term experiments. There is a need for precise and rapid identification and detection of foodborne pathogens. Biosensors are a remarkable alternative for the detection of foodborne bacteria compared to conventional methods. In recent years, there are different strategies for the designing of specific and sensitive biosensors. Researchers activated to develop enhanced biosensors with different transducer and recognition elements. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide a topical and detailed review on aptamer, nanofiber, and metal organic framework-based biosensors for the detection of food pathogens. First, the conventional methods, type of biosensors, common transducer, and recognition element were systematically explained. Then, novel signal amplification materials and nanomaterials were introduced. Last, current shortcomings were emphasized, and future alternatives were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Atay
- Department of Food Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Aylin Altan
- Department of Food Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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7
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Kaur J, Deng F, Morris MJ, Goldys E. QDs-based fluorescent lateral flow assays for Point-of-care testing of insulin. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38082853 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) can be performed near the site of the patient to achieve results in a few minutes. Different POCT devices are available in the market, such as microfluidic chips and paper-based lateral flow assays (LFAs). The paper-based LFAs have certain advantages, such as being cheap and disposable, able to detect a wide range of biomolecules, and the fluid flows through them via capillary action eliminating the need for external forces. The LFAs can be optimized for the sensitive and rapid detection of biomolecules. In this study, paper-based fluorescent LFAs platforms using aptamers as the biorecognition molecules were developed for the POCT of insulin. Various parameters were optimized such as concentrations of aptamers, the type of reporter molecules, the volume of sample, and the assay time to quantify insulin levels using a standard LFA reader. The fluorescent LFAs exhibited a linear detection range of 0.1-4 ng.mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) 0.1 ng.mL-1. The developed LFAs will help to achieve insulin measurement in a few minutes and will be easy to perform by end-users without the requirement of sophisticated instruments, laboratory set-up, and trained personnel. The developed device will be useful for the measurement of insulin levels in biological samples without the need for pretreatment, reducing the overall cost and time of testing. Moreover, the POCT device were fabricated using paper which is a low-cost (approximately AUD 2 per strip) option and is disposable.Clinical Relevance- POCT monitoring of insulin can facilitate both disease diagnosis and management. The developed LFAs have the capability of rapidly testing insulin concentration within several minutes. It will benefit both patients for at-home daily insulin monitoring and clinicians for hospital rapid insulin testing.
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Chen C, Song X, Yu Y, Wang X, Xu H, Ji W, Ma J, Zhao C, Feng S, Wang Y, Su XD, Wang W. Aptamer-based nanointerferometer enables amplification-free ultrasensitive detection and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1260:341207. [PMID: 37121656 PMCID: PMC10085716 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The state-of-the-art SARS-CoV-2 detection methods include qRT-PCR and antibody-based lateral flow assay (LFA) point-of-care tests. Despite the high sensitivity and selectivity, qRT-PCR is slow, expensive and needs well-trained operators. On the other extreme, LFA suffers from low sensitivity albeit its fast detection speed, low detection cost and ease of use. Therefore, the continuing COVID-19 pandemic calls for a SARS-CoV-2 detection method that is rapid, convenient and cost-effective without compromise in sensitivity. Here we provide a proof-of-principle demonstration of an optimized aptamer-based nanointerferometer that enables rapid and amplification-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-coated pseudovirus directly from human saliva with the limit of detection (LOD) of about 400 copies per mL. This LOD is on par with that of qRT-PCR, making it 1000 to 100,000-fold more sensitive than commercial LFA tests. Using various combinations of negative selections during the screens for the aptamer targeting the receptor binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, we isolated two aptamers that can distinguish the Omicron and Delta variants. Integrating these two aptamers with LFA strips or the nanointerferometer sensors allows both detection and differentiation of the Omicron and Delta variants which has the potential to realize rapid triage of patients infected different SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changtian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaohui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, And Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuanling Yu
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Xingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, And Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weiwei Ji
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Hubei, 435002, China
| | - Jingchen Ma
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chenyan Zhao
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Silu Feng
- School of Integrated Circuits, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, 102629, China; Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, And Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Chen W, Liu F, Zhang C, Duan Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Chen G. A review of advances in aptamer-based cell detection technology. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5425-5438. [PMID: 37101007 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Since cells are the basic structural and functional units of organisms, the detection or quantitation of cells is one of the most common basic problems in life science research. The established cell detection techniques mainly include fluorescent dye labeling, colorimetric assay, and lateral flow assay, all of which employ antibodies as cell recognition elements. However, the widespread application of the established methods generally dependent on antibodies is limited, because the preparation of antibodies is complicated and time-consuming, and unrecoverable denaturation is prone to occur with antibodies. By contrast, aptamers that are generally selected through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment can avoid the disadvantages of antibodies due to their controllable synthesis, thermostability, and long shelf life, etc. Accordingly, aptamers may serve as novel molecular recognition elements like antibodies in combination with various techniques for cell detection. This paper reviews the developed aptamer-based cell detection methods, mainly including aptamer-fluorescent labeling, aptamer-isothermal amplification assay, electrochemical aptamer sensor, aptamer-based lateral flow analysis, and aptamer-colorimetric assay. The principles, advantages, progress of application in cell detection and future development trend of these methods were specially discussed. Overall, different assays are suitable for different detection purposes, and the development of more accurate, economical, efficient, and rapid aptamer-based cell detection methods is always on the road in the future. This review is expected to provide a reference for achieving efficient and accurate detection of cells as well as improving the usefulness of aptamers in the field of analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Chen
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jinju Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Guofu Chen
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Wenhua West Road, 2#, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
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10
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Cao X, Chen C, Zhu Q. Biosensors based on functional nucleic acids and isothermal amplification techniques. Talanta 2023; 253:123977. [PMID: 36201957 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, with the in-depth research of functional nucleic acids and isothermal amplification techniques, their applications in the field of biosensing have attracted great interest. Since functional nucleic acids have excellent flexibility and convenience in their structural design, they have significant advantages as recognition elements in biosensing. At the same time, isothermal amplification techniques have higher amplification efficiency, so the combination of functional nucleic acids and isothermal amplification techniques can greatly promote the widespread application of biosensors. For the purpose of further improving the performance of biosensors, this review introduces several widely used functional nucleic acids and isothermal amplification techniques, as well as their classification, basic principles, application characteristics, and summarizes their important applications in the field of biosensing. We hope to provide some references for the design and construction of new tactics to enhance the detection sensitivity and detection range of biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuen Cao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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11
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Rubio-Monterde A, Quesada-González D, Merkoçi A. Toward Integrated Molecular Lateral Flow Diagnostic Tests Using Advanced Micro- and Nanotechnology. Anal Chem 2023; 95:468-489. [PMID: 36413136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rubio-Monterde
- Paperdrop Diagnostics S.L., MRB, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Arben Merkoçi
- Paperdrop Diagnostics S.L., MRB, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.,Nanobioelectronics and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, 08036 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain.,ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Feng J, Wu Y, Zhang J, Jin R, Li Y, Shen Q. An aptamer lateral flow assay for visual detection of Microcystins-LR residue in fish. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Wu W, Sun Q, Li T, Liu K, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Yang Y. Selection and characterization of bispecific aptamers against malachite green and leucomalachite green. Anal Biochem 2022; 658:114849. [PMID: 36150472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop multi-residues rapid detection, the bispecific aptamers against malachite green (MG) and leucomalachite green (LMG) were isolated by the capture systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (Capture-SELEX). After thirteen rounds of selection, the enriched ssDNA pools were sent for high-throughput sequencing. Nine aptamer candidates (A1-A9) were picked out to test their specificity by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) colorimetric assay. Three aptamers (A2, A3, A5) with good selectivity were truncated to verify their affinity by fluorescence assay. Finally, three truncated aptamers (A2-a, A3-a, A5-a) with bispecificity and high affinity were identified. For LMG, the dissociation constant (Kd) of them were 8.4 ± 0.8 nM, 8.2 ± 1.2 nM, and 13.7 ± 1.4 nM, respectively. For MG, Kd of them were 3.4 ± 0.3 μM, 2.3 ± 0.2 μM, 3.0 ± 0.2μM. Among them, A3-a is the best. Our work will provide novel probes for the development of multi-residues rapid detection as well as opportunities for multiple target aptamer discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Wu
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Qifeng Sun
- Beijing Hightrust Medical Laboratory Co., LTD, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Tiansong Li
- College of Science, Beihua University, Jilin, 132001, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Science, Beihua University, Jilin, 132001, China.
| | - Yongjie Yang
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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14
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Sena-Torralba A, Álvarez-Diduk R, Parolo C, Piper A, Merkoçi A. Toward Next Generation Lateral Flow Assays: Integration of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14881-14910. [PMID: 36067039 PMCID: PMC9523712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are currently the most used
point-of-care
sensors for both diagnostic (e.g., pregnancy test, COVID-19 monitoring)
and environmental (e.g., pesticides and bacterial monitoring) applications.
Although the core of LFA technology was developed several decades
ago, in recent years the integration of novel nanomaterials as signal
transducers or receptor immobilization platforms has brought improved
analytical capabilities. In this Review, we present how nanomaterial-based
LFAs can address the inherent challenges of point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics
such as sensitivity enhancement, lowering of detection limits, multiplexing,
and quantification of analytes in complex samples. Specifically, we
highlight the strategies that can synergistically solve the limitations
of current LFAs and that have proven commercial feasibility. Finally,
we discuss the barriers toward commercialization and the next generation
of LFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeo Sena-Torralba
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ruslan Álvarez-Diduk
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Parolo
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Piper
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Chen J, Liu Z, Yang R, Liu M, Feng H, Li N, Jin M, Zhang M, Shui L. A liquid crystal-based biosensor for detection of insulin driven by conformational change of an aptamer at aqueous-liquid crystal interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:215-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Mao M, Xie Z, Ma P, Peng C, Wang Z, Wei X, Liu G. Design and optimizing gold nanoparticle-cDNA nanoprobes for aptamer-based lateral flow assay: Application to rapid detection of acetamiprid. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Pundir M, Papagerakis S, De Rosa MC, Chronis N, Kurabayashi K, Abdulmawjood S, Prince MEP, Lobanova L, Chen X, Papagerakis P. Emerging biotechnologies for evaluating disruption of stress, sleep, and circadian rhythm mechanism using aptamer-based detection of salivary biomarkers. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Chen XF, Zhao X, Yang Z. Aptasensors for the detection of infectious pathogens: design strategies and point-of-care testing. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:443. [PMID: 36350388 PMCID: PMC9643942 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic of infectious diseases caused by contagious pathogens is a life-threatening hazard to the entire human population worldwide. A timely and accurate diagnosis is the critical link in the fight against infectious diseases. Aptamer-based biosensors, the so-called aptasensors, employ nucleic acid aptamers as bio-receptors for the recognition of target pathogens of interest. This review focuses on the design strategies as well as state-of-the-art technologies of aptasensor-based diagnostics for infectious pathogens (mainly bacteria and viruses), covering the utilization of three major signal transducers, the employment of aptamers as recognition moieties, the construction of versatile biosensing platforms (mostly micro and nanomaterial-based), innovated reporting mechanisms, and signal enhancement approaches. Advanced point-of-care testing (POCT) for infectious disease diagnostics are also discussed highlighting some representative ready-to-use devices to address the urgent needs of currently prevalent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pressing issues in aptamer-based technology and some future perspectives of aptasensors are provided for the implementation of aptasensor-based diagnostics into practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, People's Republic of China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, 510005, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Jia Y, Sun H, Tian J, Song Q, Zhang W. Paper-Based Point-of-Care Testing of SARS-CoV-2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:773304. [PMID: 34912791 PMCID: PMC8667078 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.773304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant global social and economic disruption. The highly transmissive nature of the disease makes rapid and reliable detection critically important. Point-of-care (POC) tests involve performing diagnostic tests outside of a laboratory that produce a rapid and reliable result. It therefore allows the diagnostics of diseases at or near the patient site. Paper-based POC tests have been gaining interest in recent years as they allow rapid, low-cost detection without the need for external instruments. In this review, we focus on the development of paper-based POC devices for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The review first introduces the principles of detection methods that are available to paper-based devices. It then summarizes the state-of-the-art paper devices and their analytical performances. The advantages and drawbacks among methods are also discussed. Finally, limitations of the existing devices are discussed, and prospects are given with the hope to identify research opportunities and directions in the field. We hope this review will be helpful for researchers to develop a clinically useful and economically efficient paper-based platform that can be used for rapid, accurate on-site diagnosis to aid in identifying acute infections and eventually contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jia
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Tian
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuming Song
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenwei Zhang
- Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Sande MG, Rodrigues JL, Ferreira D, Silva CJ, Rodrigues LR. Novel Biorecognition Elements against Pathogens in the Design of State-of-the-Art Diagnostics. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11110418. [PMID: 34821636 PMCID: PMC8615483 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Infectious agents, especially bacteria and viruses, account for a vast number of hospitalisations and mortality worldwide. Providing effective and timely diagnostics for the multiplicity of infectious diseases is challenging. Conventional diagnostic solutions, although technologically advanced, are highly complex and often inaccessible in resource-limited settings. An alternative strategy involves convenient rapid diagnostics which can be easily administered at the point-of-care (POC) and at low cost without sacrificing reliability. Biosensors and other rapid POC diagnostic tools which require biorecognition elements to precisely identify the causative pathogen are being developed. The effectiveness of these devices is highly dependent on their biorecognition capabilities. Naturally occurring biorecognition elements include antibodies, bacteriophages and enzymes. Recently, modified molecules such as DNAzymes, peptide nucleic acids and molecules which suffer a selective screening like aptamers and peptides are gaining interest for their biorecognition capabilities and other advantages over purely natural ones, such as robustness and lower production costs. Antimicrobials with a broad-spectrum activity against pathogens, such as antibiotics, are also used in dual diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Other successful pathogen identification strategies use chemical ligands, molecularly imprinted polymers and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated nuclease. Herein, the latest developments regarding biorecognition elements and strategies to use them in the design of new biosensors for pathogens detection are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Sande
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.G.S.); (J.L.R.); (D.F.)
| | - Joana L. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.G.S.); (J.L.R.); (D.F.)
| | - Débora Ferreira
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.G.S.); (J.L.R.); (D.F.)
| | - Carla J. Silva
- CENTI—Center for Nanotechnology and Smart Materials, Rua Fernando Mesquita 2785, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal;
- CITEVE—Technological Center for the Textile and Clothing Industries of Portugal, Rua Fernando Mesquita 2785, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Ligia R. Rodrigues
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.G.S.); (J.L.R.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253601978
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21
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Earnest KG, McConnell EM, Hassan EM, Wunderlich M, Hosseinpour B, Bono BS, Chee MJ, Mulloy JC, Willmore WG, DeRosa MC, Merino EJ. Development and characterization of a DNA aptamer for MLL-AF9 expressing acute myeloid leukemia cells using whole cell-SELEX. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19174. [PMID: 34580387 PMCID: PMC8476576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current classes of cancer therapeutics have negative side effects stemming from off-target cytotoxicity. One way to avoid this would be to use a drug delivery system decorated with targeting moieties, such as an aptamer, if a targeted aptamer is available. In this study, aptamers were selected against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells expressing the MLL-AF9 oncogene through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Twelve rounds of SELEX, including two counter selections against fibroblast cells, were completed. Aptamer pools were sequenced, and three candidate sequences were identified. These sequences consisted of two 23-base primer regions flanking a 30-base central domain. Binding studies were performed using flow cytometry, and the lead sequence had a binding constant of 37.5 + / - 2.5 nM to AML cells, while displaying no binding to fibroblast or umbilical cord blood cells at 200 nM. A truncation study of the lead sequence was done using nine shortened sequences, and showed the 5' primer was not important for binding. The lead sequence was tested against seven AML patient cultures, and five cultures showed binding at 200 nM. In summary, a DNA aptamer specific to AML cells was developed and characterized for future drug-aptamer conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin G Earnest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Erin M McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eman M Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Bianca S Bono
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa J Chee
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Maria C DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Edward J Merino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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22
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Identification and Engineering of Aptamers for Theranostic Application in Human Health and Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189661. [PMID: 34575825 PMCID: PMC8469434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An aptamer is a short sequence of synthetic oligonucleotides which bind to their cognate target, specifically while maintaining similar or higher sensitivity compared to an antibody. The in-vitro selection of an aptamer, applying a conjoining approach of chemistry and molecular biology, is referred as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX). These initial products of SELEX are further modified chemically in an attempt to make them stable in biofluid, avoiding nuclease digestion and renal clearance. While the modification is incorporated, enough care should be taken to maintain its sensitivity and specificity. These modifications and several improvisations have widened the window frame of aptamer applications that are currently not only restricted to in-vitro systems, but have also been used in molecular imaging for disease pathology and treatment. In the food industry, it has been used as sensor for detection of different diseases and fungal infections. In this review, we have discussed a brief history of its journey, along with applications where its role as a therapeutic plus diagnostic (theranostic) tool has been demonstrated. We have also highlighted the potential aptamer-mediated strategies for molecular targeting of COVID-19. Finally, the review focused on its future prospective in immunotherapy, as well as in identification of novel biomarkers in stem cells and also in single cell proteomics (scProteomics) to study intra or inter-tumor heterogeneity at the protein level. Small size, chemical synthesis, low batch variation, cost effectiveness, long shelf life and low immunogenicity provide advantages to the aptamer over the antibody. These physical and chemical properties of aptamers render them as a strong biomedical tool for theranostic purposes over the existing ones. The significance of aptamers in human health was the key finding of this review.
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23
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Perju A, Wongkaew N. Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021. [PMID: 33913001 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03301-y/published] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA's performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Perju
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nongnoot Wongkaew
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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24
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Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review of biosensing with DNAzymes, providing an overview of different sensing applications while highlighting major progress and seminal contributions to the field of portable biosensor devices and point-of-care diagnostics. Specifically, the field of functional nucleic acids is introduced, with a specific focus on DNAzymes. The incorporation of DNAzymes into bioassays is then described, followed by a detailed overview of recent advances in the development of in vivo sensing platforms and portable sensors incorporating DNAzymes for molecular recognition. Finally, a critical perspective on the field, and a summary of where DNAzyme-based devices may make the biggest impact are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M McConnell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
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25
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Huang L, Tian S, Zhao W, Liu K, Ma X, Guo J. Aptamer-based lateral flow assay on-site biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 186:113279. [PMID: 33979718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The lateral flow assay (LFA) is a widely used paper-based on-site biosensor that can detect target analytes and obtain test results in several minutes. Generally, antibodies are utilized as the biorecognition molecules in the LFA. However, antibodies selected using an in vivo process not only may risk killing the animal hosts and causing errors between different batches but also their range is restricted by the refrigerated conditions used to store them. To avoid these limitations, aptamers screened by an in vitro process have been studied as biorecognition molecules in LFAs. Based on the sandwich or competitive format, the aptamer-based LFA can accomplish on-site detection of target analytes. Since aptamers have a distinctive ability to undergo conformational changes, the adsorption-desorption format has also been exploited to detect target analytes in aptamer-based LFAs. This paper reviews developments in aptamer-based LFAs in the last three years for the detection of target analytes. Three formats of aptamer-based LFAs, i.e., sandwich, competitive, and adsorption-desorption, are described in detail. Based on these formats, signal amplification strategies and multiplexed detection are discussed in order to provide an overview of aptamer-based LFAs for on-site detection of target analytes. In addition, the potential commercialization and future perspectives of aptamer-based LFAs for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 are given to support the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Shulin Tian
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Wenhao Zhao
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Xing Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No.9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Jinhong Guo
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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26
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Di Nardo F, Chiarello M, Cavalera S, Baggiani C, Anfossi L. Ten Years of Lateral Flow Immunoassay Technique Applications: Trends, Challenges and Future Perspectives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:5185. [PMID: 34372422 PMCID: PMC8348896 DOI: 10.3390/s21155185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) is by far one of the most successful analytical platforms to perform the on-site detection of target substances. LFIA can be considered as a sort of lab-in-a-hand and, together with other point-of-need tests, has represented a paradigm shift from sample-to-lab to lab-to-sample aiming to improve decision making and turnaround time. The features of LFIAs made them a very attractive tool in clinical diagnostic where they can improve patient care by enabling more prompt diagnosis and treatment decisions. The rapidity, simplicity, relative cost-effectiveness, and the possibility to be used by nonskilled personnel contributed to the wide acceptance of LFIAs. As a consequence, from the detection of molecules, organisms, and (bio)markers for clinical purposes, the LFIA application has been rapidly extended to other fields, including food and feed safety, veterinary medicine, environmental control, and many others. This review aims to provide readers with a 10-years overview of applications, outlining the trends for the main application fields and the relative compounded annual growth rates. Moreover, future perspectives and challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (S.C.); (C.B.); (L.A.)
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27
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Recent Advances in Conventional Methods and Electrochemical Aptasensors for Mycotoxin Detection. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071437. [PMID: 34206168 PMCID: PMC8307942 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs and feedstuffs is a serious concern for human health. The detection of mycotoxins is therefore necessary as a preventive action to avoid the harmful contamination of foodstuffs and animal feed. In comparison with the considerable expense of treating contaminated foodstuffs, early detection is a cost-effective way to ensure food safety. The high affinity of bio-recognition molecules to mycotoxins has led to the development of affinity columns for sample pre-treatment and the development of biosensors for the quantitative analysis of mycotoxins. Aptamers are a very attractive class of biological receptors that are currently in great demand for the development of new biosensors. In this review, the improvement in the materials and methodology, and the working principles and performance of both conventional and recently developed methods are discussed. The key features and applications of the fundamental recognition elements, such as antibodies and aptamers are addressed. Recent advances in aptasensors that are based on different electrochemical (EC) transducers are reviewed in detail, especially from the perspective of the diagnostic mechanism; in addition, a brief introduction of some commercially available mycotoxin detection kits is provided.
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28
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Naseri M, Ziora ZM, Simon GP, Batchelor W. ASSURED‐compliant point‐of‐care diagnostics for the detection of human viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Naseri
- Department of Chemical Engineering Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA) Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Zyta M Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - George P Simon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Warren Batchelor
- Department of Chemical Engineering Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA) Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
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29
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Wang L, Wang X, Cheng L, Ding S, Wang G, Choo J, Chen L. SERS-based test strips: Principles, designs and applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113360. [PMID: 34051383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Test strips represent a class of point-of-care testing (POCT) tools for analysis of a variety of biomarkers towards diagnostics. Conventional test strips offer benefits of simple operation, visualization, and short detection time, along with the drawbacks of relatively low sensitivity and unavailability of quantitative analysis. Recently, the combination of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and test strips have evolved to provide a powerful platform capable of ultrasensitive and multiplex detection of extensive analytes of interest. In this review, we focus on the working principles, design strategies and POCT applications of SERS-based test strips. Initially, both lateral and vertical flow test strips are briefly introduced, followed by presentation of various strategies for reforming SERS-based test strips with better detection performance. Applications of SERS-based test strips in diagnosis of disease biomarkers, nucleic acids and toxins are reviewed, with an emphasis on SERS tag design, sensitivity and analytical applicability. Finally, conclusions are made and perspectives on futuristic research directions are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shansen Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
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Singhal C, Bruno JG, Kaushal A, Sharma TK. Recent Advances and a Roadmap to Aptamer-Based Sensors for Bloodstream Infections. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3962-3984. [PMID: 35006817 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present review is intended to describe bloodstream infections (BSIs), the major pathogens responsible for BSIs, conventional tests and their limitations, commercially available methods used, and the aptamer and nanomaterials-based approaches developed so far for the detection of BSIs. The advantages associated with aptamers and the aptamer-based sensors, the comparison between the aptamers and the antibodies, and the various types of aptasensors developed so far for the detection of bloodstream infections have been described in detail in the present review. Also, the future outlook and roadmap toward aptamer-based sensors and the challenges associated with the aptamer development have also been concluded in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitali Singhal
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostic Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - John G Bruno
- Nanohmics, Inc., Austin, Texas 78741, United States
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Tarun K Sharma
- Aptamer Technology and Diagnostic Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Clinical and Translational Research Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
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Perju A, Wongkaew N. Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5535-5549. [PMID: 33913001 PMCID: PMC8410735 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA’s performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Perju
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nongnoot Wongkaew
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Birader K, Kumar P, Tammineni Y, Barla JA, Reddy S, Suman P. Colorimetric aptasensor for on-site detection of oxytetracycline antibiotic in milk. Food Chem 2021; 356:129659. [PMID: 33812186 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), one of the largely used antibiotic in veterinary practice has been banned due to its potential side effects. Development of a field applicable and affordable kit to detect OTC will help to eliminate such milk from human consumption. An aptamer has been designed (27 nt; Kd = 29.2 ± 19.4 nM) through rational truncation. OTC interacts with this aptamer in G rich regions as confirmed by molecular modelling and circular dichroism spectroscopy. To develop a lateral flow based aptasensor, OTC was conjugated with a 7 kDa carrier protein to immobilize onto the nitrocellulose membrane. Using 0.125 µM aptamer-gold conjugate, assay could visually detects upto 5 ng/mL of OTC in spiked milk within 10 mins [Limit of quantitation (LOQ)-0.254 ± 1.62 ng/mL; permissible limit 100 ng/mL]. It showed no cross reactivity with components of milk and data correlated with analysis done through HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Birader
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Yathirajarao Tammineni
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Jeannie Alice Barla
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Shashidhar Reddy
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India
| | - Pankaj Suman
- Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology Hyderabad, 500032, India.
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Brazaca LC, Dos Santos PL, de Oliveira PR, Rocha DP, Stefano JS, Kalinke C, Abarza Muñoz RA, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC, Carrilho E. Biosensing strategies for the electrochemical detection of viruses and viral diseases - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1159:338384. [PMID: 33867035 PMCID: PMC9186435 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are the causing agents for many relevant diseases, including influenza, Ebola, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. Its rapid replication and high transmissibility can lead to serious consequences not only to the individual but also to collective health, causing deep economic impacts. In this scenario, diagnosis tools are of significant importance, allowing the rapid, precise, and low-cost testing of a substantial number of individuals. Currently, PCR-based techniques are the gold standard for the diagnosis of viral diseases. Although these allow the diagnosis of different illnesses with high precision, they still present significant drawbacks. Their main disadvantages include long periods for obtaining results and the need for specialized professionals and equipment, requiring the tests to be performed in research centers. In this scenario, biosensors have been presented as promising alternatives for the rapid, precise, low-cost, and on-site diagnosis of viral diseases. This critical review article describes the advancements achieved in the last five years regarding electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of viral infections. First, genosensors and aptasensors for the detection of virus and the diagnosis of viral diseases are presented in detail regarding probe immobilization approaches, detection methods (label-free and sandwich), and amplification strategies. Following, immunosensors are highlighted, including many different construction strategies such as label-free, sandwich, competitive, and lateral-flow assays. Then, biosensors for the detection of viral-diseases-related biomarkers are presented and discussed, as well as point of care systems and their advantages when compared to traditional techniques. Last, the difficulties of commercializing electrochemical devices are critically discussed in conjunction with future trends such as lab-on-a-chip and flexible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Pãmyla Layene Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Pessoa Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Santos Stefano
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kalinke
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza Muñoz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Juliano Alves Bonacin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil.
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Wang T, Chen L, Chikkanna A, Chen S, Brusius I, Sbuh N, Veedu RN. Development of nucleic acid aptamer-based lateral flow assays: A robust platform for cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis. Theranostics 2021; 11:5174-5196. [PMID: 33859741 PMCID: PMC8039946 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assay (LFA) has made a paradigm shift in the in vitro diagnosis field due to its rapid turnaround time, ease of operation and exceptional affordability. Currently used LFAs predominantly use antibodies. However, the high inter-batch variations, error margin and storage requirements of the conventional antibody-based LFAs significantly impede its applications. The recent progress in aptamer technology provides an opportunity to combine the potential of aptamer and LFA towards building a promising platform for highly efficient point-of-care device development. Over the past decades, different forms of aptamer-based LFAs have been introduced for broad applications ranging from disease diagnosis, agricultural industry to environmental sciences, especially for the detection of antibody-inaccessible small molecules such as toxins and heavy metals. But commercial aptamer-based LFAs are still not used widely compared with antibodies. In this work, by analysing the key issues of aptamer-based LFA design, including immobilization strategies, signalling methods, and target capturing approaches, we provide a comprehensive overview about aptamer-based LFA design strategies to facilitate researchers to develop optimised aptamer-based LFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Lanmei Chen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nature Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Arpitha Chikkanna
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Suxiang Chen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Isabell Brusius
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Nabayet Sbuh
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Rakesh N. Veedu
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth 6009, Australia
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Shirshahi V, Liu G. Enhancing the analytical performance of paper lateral flow assays: From chemistry to engineering. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Analytical devices for point-of-care diagnoses are highly desired and would improve quality of life when first diagnoses are made early and pathologies are recognized soon. Lateral flow tests (LFTs) are such tools that can be easily performed without specific equipment, skills, or experiences. This review is focused on the use of LFT in point-of-care diagnoses. The principle of the assay is explained, and new materials like nanoparticles for labeling, new recognition molecules for interaction with an analyte, and new additional instrumentation like signal scaling by a smartphone camera are described and discussed. Advantages of the LFT devices as well as their limitations are described and discussed here considering actual papers that are properly cited.
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Sachdeva S, Davis RW, Saha AK. Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing: Commercial Landscape and Future Directions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:602659. [PMID: 33520958 PMCID: PMC7843572 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.602659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) allows physicians to detect and diagnose diseases at or near the patient site, faster than conventional lab-based testing. The importance of POCT is considerably amplified in the trying times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous point-of-care tests and diagnostic devices are available in the market including, but not limited to, glucose monitoring, pregnancy and infertility testing, infectious disease testing, cholesterol testing and cardiac markers. Integrating microfluidics in POCT allows fluid manipulation and detection in a singular device with minimal sample requirements. This review presents an overview of two technologies - (a.) Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) and (b.) Nucleic Acid Amplification - upon which a large chunk of microfluidic POCT diagnostics is based, some of their applications, and commercially available products. Apart from this, we also delve into other microfluidic-based diagnostics that currently dominate the in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) market, current testing landscape for COVID-19 and prospects of microfluidics in next generation diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit K. Saha
- Genome Technology Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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An ultrasensitive K+ fluorescence/absorption di-mode assay based on highly co-catalysiscarbon dot nanozyme and DNAzyme. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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39
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Shatunova EA, Korolev MA, Omelchenko VO, Kurochkina YD, Davydova AS, Venyaminova AG, Vorobyeva MA. Aptamers for Proteins Associated with Rheumatic Diseases: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110527. [PMID: 33266394 PMCID: PMC7700471 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers capable of affine and specific binding to their molecular targets have now established themselves as a very promising alternative to monoclonal antibodies for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Although the main focus in aptamers’ research and development for biomedicine is made on cardiovascular, infectious, and malignant diseases, the use of aptamers as therapeutic or diagnostic tools in the context of rheumatic diseases is no less important. In this review, we consider the main features of aptamers that make them valuable molecular tools for rheumatologists, and summarize the studies on the selection and application of aptamers for protein biomarkers associated with rheumatic diseases. We discuss the progress in the development of aptamer-based diagnostic assays and targeted therapeutics for rheumatic disorders, future prospects in the field, and issues that have yet to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta A. Shatunova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (A.S.D.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Maksim A. Korolev
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (V.O.O.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Vitaly O. Omelchenko
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (V.O.O.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Yuliya D. Kurochkina
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (V.O.O.); (Y.D.K.)
| | - Anna S. Davydova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (A.S.D.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Alya G. Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (A.S.D.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Mariya A. Vorobyeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (A.S.D.); (A.G.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Puzari U, Mukherjee AK. Recent developments in diagnostic tools and bioanalytical methods for analysis of snake venom: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1137:208-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Selection and characterization of an ssDNA aptamer against thyroglobulin. Talanta 2020; 223:121690. [PMID: 33303143 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a significant biomarker for the diagnose and postoperative monitoring of differentiated thyroid cancer, and its recognition is urgent due to the rising prevalence. In this study, an ssDNA aptamer against Tg was obtained by capillary electrophoresis-systematic evolution of ligands via exponential enrichment (CE-SELEX). Under the optimized conditions, the sub-library was enriched well through two selection rounds. After high-throughput sequencing, eight candidate sequences were picked out and their affinities towards Tg were observed not in accordance with the order of their frequencies, whereas sequence homology played a significant role in binding affinity. The high-affinity sequence Seq.T-2 with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 3.18 μM was finally selected as the aptamer, and its affinity was confirmed qualitatively by gold nanoparticles colorimetric and quantitatively by thin film interferometry (Kd, 4.51 nM). Besides, molecular docking and dynamics simulation were performed for their binding sites prediction and affinity confirmation. Furthermore, the aptamer was applied for Tg detection, which delivered a detection limit of 5.0 nM as well as with good selectivity, and showed a good linear relationship within a wide range of 10 nM-6.4 μM of Tg spiked into the serum matrix. This study first reported Tg's aptamer which also exhibited the potential in real applications.
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Iwasaki RS, Batey RT. SPRINT: a Cas13a-based platform for detection of small molecules. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e101. [PMID: 32797156 PMCID: PMC7515716 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts in biological engineering have made detection of nucleic acids in samples more rapid, inexpensive and sensitive using CRISPR-based approaches. We expand one of these Cas13a-based methods to detect small molecules in a one-batch assay. Using SHERLOCK-based profiling of in vitrotranscription (SPRINT), in vitro transcribed RNA sequence-specifically triggers the RNase activity of Cas13a. This event activates its non-specific RNase activity, which enables cleavage of an RNA oligonucleotide labeled with a quencher/fluorophore pair and thereby de-quenches the fluorophore. This fluorogenic output can be measured to assess transcriptional output. The use of riboswitches or proteins to regulate transcription via specific effector molecules is leveraged as a coupled assay that transforms effector concentration into fluorescence intensity. In this way, we quantified eight different compounds, including cofactors, nucleotides, metabolites of amino acids, tetracycline and monatomic ions in samples. In this manner, hundreds of reactions can be easily quantified in a few hours. This increased throughput also enables detailed characterization of transcriptional regulators, synthetic compounds that inhibit transcription, or other coupled enzymatic reactions. These SPRINT reactions are easily adaptable to portable formats and could therefore be used for the detection of analytes in the field or at point-of-care situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman S Iwasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
| | - Robert T Batey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
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Yu S, Sun W, Zhang P, Chen Y, Yan L, Geng L, Yulin D. High Sensitive Visual Protein Detection by Microfluidic Lateral Flow Assay with On-Stripe Multiple Concentration. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Fellows T, Ho L, Flanagan S, Fogel R, Ojo D, Limson J. Gold nanoparticle-streptavidin conjugates for rapid and efficient screening of aptamer function in lateral flow sensors using novel CD4-binding aptamers identified through Crossover-SELEX. Analyst 2020; 145:5180-5193. [PMID: 32567629 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00634c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To decrease the burden of laborious and reagent-intensive screening of modified aptamers, their binding function requires assessment in assay formats compatible with the end diagnostic application. Here, we report on the use of an alternative and cost-effective approach: a rapid lateral flow assay (LFA) utilising streptavidin-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as reporter molecules to screen novel ssDNA aptamers for their ability to detect CD4. Crossover-SELEX was employed to identify CD4-targeting aptamers from a ssDNA library enriched against a recombinant human CD4 protein (hCD4) conjugated to magnetic-beads and to endogenous CD4 expressed by U937 cells. Counter-selection with IgG-conjugated beads and CD4-negative Ramos RA-1 cells was employed. Following SELEX, four sequences (U4, U14, U20 and U26) were selected for candidate screening. Fluorescence confocal microscopy showed comparable localization of the Cy5-labeled aptamer U26, compared to antibodies binding CD4's cytoplasmic domain. Aptamer-hCD4 binding kinetics were evaluated by a qPCR-based magnetic-bead binding assay to unmodified aptamers. U26 exhibited the highest binding affinity (Kd = 2.93 ± 1.03 nM) to hCD4-conjugated beads. Citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (mean particle diameter, 10.59 ± 1.81 nm) were functionalized with streptavidin to allow immobilization of biotin-labeled aptamers. Except for U4, the aptamer-gold nanoparticle conjugates (Apt-AuNP) remained stable under physiological conditions with their size (approx. 15 nm) appropriate for use in the LFAs. Lateral-flow based screening was used to evaluate the suitability of the Apt-AuNPs as CD4-detecting reporter molecules by immobilizing hCD4 and flowing the nanoparticle conjugates across the LFA. Using this approach, two novel sequences were identified as being suitable for the detection of hCD4: visual detection at 9 min was obtained using U20 or U26. After 20 min, equivalent colorimetric hCD4 responses were observed between anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (ΔI = 94.19 ± 3.71), an existing CD4 aptamer F1-62 (ΔI = 90.31 ± 19.31) and U26 (ΔI = 100.14 ± 14.61) LFA's, each demonstrating high specificity to hCD4 compared to IgG. From the above, Crossover-SELEX allowed for the successful identification of ssDNA aptamers able to detect hCD4. Streptavidin-conjugated AuNPs, when bound to candidate aptamers, show potential application here as screening tools for the rapid evaluation of aptamer performance in low-cost lateral flow diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamika Fellows
- Rhodes University Biotechnology Innovation Centre, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
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Marques AC, Pinheiro T, Martins GV, Cardoso AR, Martins R, Sales MG, Fortunato E. Non-enzymatic lab-on-paper devices for biosensing applications. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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