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Yuan Q, Luo M, Xie Y, Song W, Wang Y, Deng D, Chen S, Guo H. Chronic trans fatty acid consumption shortens lifespan in male Drosophila melanogaster on a high-sugar and high-fat diet. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10101-1. [PMID: 38582786 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Aging entails the progressive decline in the body's self-regulation and functionality over time. Notably, obesity and aging exhibit parallel phenotypes, with obesity further accelerating the aging process across multiple dimensions and diminishing lifespan. In this study, we explored the impact of trans fatty acid (TFA) consumption on the overall health and lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster under an isocaloric high-sugar and high-fat diet. Our results indicate that TFA intake results in a shortened lifespan, elevated body weight, and increased triglyceride levels in flies fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet with equivalent caloric intake. Additionally, TFA exposure induces oxidative stress, locomotor deficits, and damage to the intestinal barrier in flies. Collectively, chronic TFA consumption expedites the aging process and reduces the lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster. These results contribute supplementary evidence regarding the adverse health effects associated with TFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yutong Xie
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Wanhan Song
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Dazhang Deng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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2
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Sirakawin C, Lin D, Zhou Z, Wang X, Kelleher R, Huang S, Long W, Pires‐daSilva A, Liu Y, Wang J, Vinnikov IA. SKN-1/NRF2 upregulation by vitamin A is conserved from nematodes to mammals and is critical for lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14064. [PMID: 38100161 PMCID: PMC10928581 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is a micronutrient essential for the physiology of many organisms, but its role in longevity and age-related diseases remains unclear. In this work, we used Caenorhabditis elegans to study the impact of various bioactive compounds on lifespan. We demonstrate that VA extends lifespan and reduces lipofuscin and fat accumulation while increasing resistance to heat and oxidative stress. This resistance can be attributed to high levels of detoxifying enzymes called glutathione S-transferases, induced by the transcription factor skinhead-1 (SKN-1). Notably, VA upregulated the transcript levels of skn-1 or its mammalian ortholog NRF2 in both C. elegans, human cells, and liver tissues of mice. Moreover, the loss-of-function genetic models demonstrated a critical involvement of the SKN-1 pathway in longevity extension by VA. Our study thus provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of anti-aging and anti-oxidative effects of VA, suggesting that this micronutrient could be used for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaweewan Sirakawin
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dongfa Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ziyue Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | | | - Shangyuan Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weimiao Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | | | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ilya A. Vinnikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Gozalo AS, Elkins WR. A Review of the Effects of Some Extrinsic Factors on Mice Used in Research. Comp Med 2023; 73:413-431. [PMID: 38217072 PMCID: PMC10752364 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-23-000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Animals have been used in research for over 2,000 y. From very crude experiments conducted by ancient scholars, animal research, as a science, was refined over hundreds of years to what we know it as today. However, the housing conditions of animals used for research did not improve significantly until less than 100 years ago when guidelines for housing research animals were first published. In addition, it was not until relatively recently that some extrinsic factors were recognized as a research variable, even when animals were housed under recommended guidelines. For example, temperature, humidity, light, noise, vibration, diet, water, caging, bedding, etc., can all potentially affect research using mice, contributing the inability of others to reproduce published findings. Consequently, these external factors should be carefully considered in the design, planning, and execution of animal experiments. In addition, as recommended by others, the housing and husbandry conditions of the animals should be described in detail in publications resulting from animal research to improve study reproducibility. Here, we briefly review some common, and less common, external factors that affect research in one of the most popular animal models, the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso S Gozalo
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William R Elkins
- Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Owesny P, Grune T. The link between obesity and aging - insights into cardiac energy metabolism. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 216:111870. [PMID: 37689316 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and aging are well-established risk factors for a range of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Given the escalating prevalence of obesity, the aging population, and the subsequent increase in cardiovascular diseases, it is crucial to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Both aging and obesity have profound effects on the energy metabolism through various mechanisms, including metabolic inflexibility, altered substrate utilization for energy production, deregulated nutrient sensing, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we aim to present and discuss the hypothesis that obesity, due to its similarity in changes observed in the aging heart, may accelerate the process of cardiac aging and exacerbate the clinical outcomes of elderly individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Owesny
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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Cuciureanu M, Caratașu CC, Gabrielian L, Frăsinariu OE, Checheriță LE, Trandafir LM, Stanciu GD, Szilagyi A, Pogonea I, Bordeianu G, Soroceanu RP, Andrițoiu CV, Anghel MM, Munteanu D, Cernescu IT, Tamba BI. 360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1119. [PMID: 37374323 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Alarming statistics show that the number of people affected by excessive weight has surpassed 2 billion, representing approximately 30% of the world's population. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of one of the most serious public health problems, considering that obesity requires an integrative approach that takes into account its complex etiology, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Only an understanding of the connections between the many contributors to obesity and the synergy between treatment interventions can ensure satisfactory outcomes in reducing obesity. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated complications. Compounding factors such as the deleterious effects of stress, the novel challenge posed by the obesogenic digital (food) environment, and the stigma associated with obesity should not be overlooked. Preclinical research in animal models has been instrumental in elucidating these mechanisms, and translation into clinical practice has provided promising therapeutic options, including epigenetic approaches, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. However, more studies are necessary to discover new compounds that target key metabolic pathways, innovative ways to deliver the drugs, the optimal combinations of lifestyle interventions with allopathic treatments, and, last but not least, emerging biological markers for effective monitoring. With each passing day, the obesity crisis tightens its grip, threatening not only individual lives but also burdening healthcare systems and societies at large. It is high time we took action as we confront the urgent imperative to address this escalating global health challenge head-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cătălin-Cezar Caratașu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Levon Gabrielian
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Otilia Elena Frăsinariu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Elisabeta Checheriță
- 2nd Dental Medicine Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dumitrița Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Szilagyi
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ina Pogonea
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Gabriela Bordeianu
- Department of Biochemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Petru Soroceanu
- Department of Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Mihalache Anghel
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Munteanu
- Institute of Mother and Child, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2062 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Irina Teodora Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Duan G, Li L. Deciphering the mechanism of jujube vinegar on hyperlipoidemia through gut microbiome based on 16S rRNA, BugBase analysis, and the stamp analysis of KEEG. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1160069. [PMID: 37275638 PMCID: PMC10235701 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1160069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing data indicate that the gut microbiome may contribute to the rising incidence of hyperlipoidemia. Jujube vinegar lowers lipids, protects the liver, and reduces oxidant capacity, however, it is unknown whether this is due to the gut flora. To further research the role of the gut microbiome in treating hyperlipidemia with jujube vinegar, we looked into whether the action of jujube vinegar is related to the regulation of the gut microbiome. Method Thirty male ICR mice were used. The control group (CON), the high-fat diet (HFD) group, and the vinegar group (VIN) each consisted of ten female ICR mice fed consistently for eight weeks. For each treatment, we kept track of body mass, liver index, blood lipid levels, and oxidative stress state. We also analyzed mouse feces using high-throughput 16srRNA sequencing to examine the relationship between jujube vinegar's hypolipidemic effect and antioxidant activity and how it affects the gut microbiome. Results Jujube vinegar reduced body weight by 19.92%, serum TC, TG, and LDL-C by 25.09%, 26.83%, and 11.66%, and increased HDL-C by 1.44 times, serum AST and ALT decreased by 26.36% and 34.87% respectively, the blood levels of SOD and GSH-Px increased 1.35-fold and 1.60-fold, respectively. While blood MDA decreased 33.21%, the liver's SOD and GSH-Px increased 1.32-fold and 1.60-fold, respectively, and the liver's MDA decreased 48.96% in HFD mice. The gut microbiome analysis revealed that jujube vinegar increased the intestinal microbial ASV count by 13.46%, and the F/B (Firmicutes/Bacteroidota) ratio by 2.08-fold in high-fat diet mice, and the proportion was significantly inversely correlated with TC, TG, and LDL-C and positively correlated with HDL-C. Biomarker bacteria in the vinegar group included Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus, which correlated favorably with HDL-C, SOD, and GSH-Px and negatively with LDL-C, TC, and TG. Jujube vinegar increased the abundance of the Aerobic, Contains Mobile Elements, and Facultative Aerobic by 2.84 times, 1.45 times, and 2.40 times, while decreased the abundance of Potential pathogens by 44.72%, according to the BugBase study. The KEGG analysis showed that jujube vinegar was predominantly reflected in the biological process of gene function and related to signal transduction pathways, including glucagon signaling system, HIF-1 signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, amino sugar, and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and so forth. Conclusion Based on these findings, jujube vinegar may reduce hyperlipoidemia by controlling the gut microbiome and enhancing antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Duan
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Jinzhong College of Information, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Santos AL, Sinha S. Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:341-435. [PMID: 37120475 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The gradual ageing of the world population has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. The adipose tissue dysfunction associated with ageing and obesity shares many common physiological features, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity may help elucidate the processes that contribute to the metabolic disturbances that occur with ageing. This, in turn, may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and age-related metabolic disorders. Because oxidative stress plays a critical role in these pathological processes, antioxidant dietary interventions could be of therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases and obesity and their complications. In this chapter, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which obesity predisposes individuals to accelerated ageing. Additionally, we critically review the potential of antioxidant dietary interventions to counteract obesity and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- IdISBA - Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain.
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Murakami S, Hirazawa C, Mizutani T, Yoshikawa R, Ohya T, Ma N, Owaki Y, Owaki T, Ito T, Matsuzaki C. The anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of the edible seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels et Ruprecht) J. Agardh in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:599-610. [PMID: 36655073 PMCID: PMC9834850 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are serious, chronic medical conditions associated with a wide range of life-threatening conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the edible red seaweed Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels et Ruprecht) J. Agardh (G. furcata) on the development of obesity, diabetes and related metabolic diseases in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet (60% energy as fat), or an HF diet containing 2% (w/w) or 6% powdered G. furcata for 13 weeks. Polysaccharides of G. furcata were isolated and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The HF diet group showed greater weight gain, lipid accumulation in the body and liver, and increased serum levels of glucose and cholesterol in comparison to the normal group fed a normal diet (10% energy as fat). The treatment of HF diet mice with G. furcata reduced these changes and stimulated the fecal excretion of fat. In addition, G. furcata suppressed the HF diet-induced elevation of inflammation and oxidative stress markers in the serum and liver. The isolated sulfated polysaccharide from G. furcata inhibited pancreatic lipase activity and decreased the production of nitric oxide and TNF-α in the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7. These results show that G. furcata treatment can attenuate obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and dyslipidemia in mice fed an HF diet, which is associated with inhibited intestinal fat absorption and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress by a sulfated polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Murakami
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center (FBIC)Fukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Chihiro Hirazawa
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Toshiki Mizutani
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Rina Yoshikawa
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Takuma Ohya
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Ning Ma
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Health ScienceSuzuka UniversitySuzukaJapan
| | | | | | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
- Fukui Bioincubation Center (FBIC)Fukui Prefectural UniversityFukuiJapan
| | - Chiaki Matsuzaki
- Research Institute for Bioresources and BiotechnologyIshikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan
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Pinto BAS, Melo TM, Flister KFT, França LM, Moreira VR, Kajihara D, Mendes NO, Pereira SR, Laurindo FRM, Paes AMA. Hippocampal Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Hastens Motor and Cognitive Decline in Adult Male Rats Sustainedly Exposed to High-Sucrose Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071395. [PMID: 35883886 PMCID: PMC9311607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunctions, such as hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, have been associated to cognitive impairment and dementia regardless of advanced age, although the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Thus, this study investigates the deleterious effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) induced by long-term exposure to a high-sucrose diet on motor and cognitive functions of male adult rats and its relationship with hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Weaned Wistar male rats were fed a high-sucrose diet until adulthood (HSD; 6 months old) and compared to both age-matched (CTR; 6 months old) and middle-aged chow-fed rats (OLD; 20 months old). MetS development, serum redox profile, behavioral, motor, and cognitive functions, and hippocampal gene/protein expressions for ER stress pro-adaptive and pro-apoptotic pathways, as well as senescence markers were assessed. Prolonged exposure to HSD induced MetS hallmarked by body weight gain associated to central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, HSD rats showed motor and cognitive decline similar to that in OLD animals. Noteworthy, HSD rats presented marked hippocampal ER stress characterized by failure of pro-adaptive signaling and increased expression of Chop, p21, and Parp-1 cleavage, markers of cell death and aging. This panorama resembles that found in OLD rats. In toto, our data showed that early and sustained exposure to a high-sucrose diet induced MetS, which subsequently led to hippocampus homeostasis disruption and premature impairment of motor and cognitive functions in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Thamys Marinho Melo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Karla Frida Torres Flister
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Vanessa Ribeiro Moreira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (V.R.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Daniela Kajihara
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiiar, 44, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (D.K.); (F.R.M.L.)
| | - Nelmar Oliveira Mendes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
| | - Silma Regina Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (V.R.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiiar, 44, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil; (D.K.); (F.R.M.L.)
| | - Antonio Marcus Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (B.A.S.P.); (T.M.M.); (K.F.T.F.); (L.M.F.); (N.O.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(98)-3272-8557
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10
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Li Z, Wang S, Liu S, Xu Z, Yi X, Wang H, Dang J, Wei X, Feng B, Liu Z, Zhao M, Wu Q, Hu D. New insights into aging-associated characteristics of female subcutaneous adipose tissue through integrative analysis of multi-omics data. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2044-2057. [PMID: 35001792 PMCID: PMC8973830 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging could be critical in limiting the application of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in tissue repair and reconstruction. However, no systematic study on the characteristics of SAT aging has been conducted. In this study, a scanning electronic microscope was used to detect the structural and compositional changes of SAT collected from nine females in three age groups. Multi-omics data of SAT from 37 females were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database, and 1860 genes, 56 miRNAs, and 332 methylated genes were identified as being differentially expressed during aging among non-obese females. Using Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA), 1754 DEGs were defined as aging-associated genes for non-obese females, distributed among ten co-expression modules. Through Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Gene Set enrichment analysis on those aging-associated DEGs, SAT aging was observed to be characterized by variations in immune and inflammatory states, mitochondria, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and regulation of vascular development. SUPV3L1, OGT, and ARPC1B were identified as conserved and core SAT-aging-related genes, as verified by RT-qPCR among 18 samples in different age groups. Multi-omics regulatory networks of core aging-associated biological processes of SAT were also constructed. Based on WGCNA, we performed differential co-expression analysis to unveil the differences in aging-related co-expression patterns between obese and non-obese females and determined that obesity could be an important accelerating factor in aging processes. Our work provides a landscape of SAT aging, which could be helpful for further research in fields such as repair and reconstruction as well as aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shun Wang
- BD Life Science (Guangzhou) Co., Guangzhou Laidi Innovation and Technology Park, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziwen Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowei Yi
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanli Dang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxin Wei
- School of Stomatology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bingyue Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zinuo Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Arshad F, Umbreen H, Aslam I, Hameed A, Aftab K, Al-Qahtani WH, Aslam N, Noreen R. Therapeutic Role of Mango Peels in Management of Dyslipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Obese Females. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3094571. [PMID: 34725636 PMCID: PMC8557052 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3094571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic and noncommunicable disease that affects 50% of world population. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are interconnected with the obesity and several metabolic disorders, gaining the attention of scientific community to combat this problem naturally. Among various fruits, mango as a yellow fruit is rich in polyphenols, carotenoids, terpenes, and flavonoids that act as antioxidants to protect against free radicals produced in the body. The present study was performed to explore in vivo antioxidant potential of mango peels against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in overweight subjects. The female volunteers (n = 31) between 25 and 45 years of age having a body mass index (BMI) of 25.0-29.9 (overweight) were included in this study, while participants with complications as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular, and liver diseases were excluded. The treatment group consumed 1 g mango peel powder for 84 days. The subjects were analyzed for biochemical analysis, antioxidant status, and anthropometric measurements at baseline and end of the study period. Further, at the end of study, the safety evaluation tests were also performed. The results showed that upon consumption of mango peel powder, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, and creatinine levels were decreased and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was increased (P ≤ 0.05), while thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) showed increased antioxidant status (P ≤ 0.05) which suggests that mango peels have a strong management potential against oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhanda Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Huma Umbreen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Sialkot-, Pakistan
| | - Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Aftab
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nighat Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, Independent Medical College, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
| | - Razia Noreen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad-, Pakistan
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12
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Mishra A, Mirzaei H, Guidi N, Vinciguerra M, Mouton A, Linardic M, Rappa F, Barone R, Navarrete G, Wei M, Brandhorst S, Di Biase S, Morgan TE, Ram Kumar S, Conti PS, Pellegrini M, Bernier M, de Cabo R, Longo VD. Fasting-mimicking diet prevents high-fat diet effect on cardiometabolic risk and lifespan. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1342-1356. [PMID: 34650272 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Here, we show that a 5-d fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), administered every 4 weeks for a period of 2 years, ameliorates the detrimental changes caused by consumption of a high-fat, high-calorie diet (HFCD) in female mice. We demonstrate that monthly FMD cycles inhibit HFCD-mediated obesity by reducing the accumulation of visceral and subcutaneous fat without causing loss of lean body mass. FMD cycles increase cardiac vascularity and function and resistance to cardiotoxins, prevent HFCD-dependent hyperglycaemia, hypercholesterolaemia and hyperleptinaemia and ameliorate impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. The effect of monthly FMD cycles on gene expression associated with mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis in adipocytes and the sustained ketogenesis in HFCD-fed mice indicate a role for fat cell reprogramming in obesity prevention. These effects of an FMD on adiposity and cardiac ageing could explain the protection from HFCD-dependent early mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrendra Mishra
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Novella Guidi
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Mouton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marina Linardic
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosario Barone
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gerardo Navarrete
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min Wei
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Brandhorst
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefano Di Biase
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Ram Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter S Conti
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valter D Longo
- Longevity Institute and Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano, Italy.
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13
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Obesity and aging: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101268. [PMID: 33556548 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of fat tissue dysfunction in obesity could provide insights into the processes that contribute to the metabolic dysfunction associated with the aging process. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying both obesity and aging, and how obesity and aging can predispose individuals to chronic health complications. The potential of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to counter obesity and obesity-related pathologies, as well as aging, is also addressed.
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14
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Nissankara Rao LS, Kilari EK, Kola PK. Protective effect of Curcuma amada acetone extract against high-fat and high-sugar diet-induced obesity and memory impairment. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 24:212-225. [PMID: 31149894 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1616436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Curcuma amada Roxb. (Mango ginger) was evaluated for anti-obesity, anti-amnesic and neuroprotection using high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFHS)-induced obesity and cognitive impairment in rats. Methods: Animals were exposed to HFHS diet to evaluate lipid parameters and subjected to Y maze test and Pole climbing test to evaluate the memory. In addition, oxidative stress parameters, acetyl cholinesterase activity (AChE), neurochemicals and histopathology were assessed in the brain. Results: HFHS diet led to increased body weight and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein [LDL], and very low-density lipoprotein [VLDL], triglycerides [TG]) but not high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Elevated serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), oxidative biomarker, decreased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and reduced percentage of spontaneous alternation behaviour (% SAB in Y-maze test) as well as reduced serotonin and dopamine levels and neurodegeneration were observed in HFHS diet-fed rats. Curcuma amada (CAAE1, 100 mg/kg and CAAE2, 300 mg/kg) treatment to HFHS diet-fed rats (21 days after HFHS diet feeding alone) showed dose-dependent activity and ameliorated the HFHS diet-induced alterations in lipid parameters related to obesity, hepatological parameters, memory, oxidative stress, neurochemicals and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, 300 mg/kg of C. amada (CAAE2) augmented the memory by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity; it also ameliorated the effect of antioxidants such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total thiol and mitigated the effect of malondialdehyde (MDA). CAAE2 also controlled the level of dopamine and serotonin and reduced the neurodegeneration in the hippocampus CA1 region. Discussion: The results of the present study indicated that treatment with C. amada 300 mg/kg (CAAE2) attenuated the HFHS diet-induced obesity, memory loss, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. These study results indicated that the administration of C. amada offers a potential treatment option for obesity and memory loss, and it requires further preclinical and clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eswar Kumar Kilari
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Phani Kumar Kola
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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15
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McQuail JA, Dunn AR, Stern Y, Barnes CA, Kempermann G, Rapp PR, Kaczorowski CC, Foster TC. Cognitive Reserve in Model Systems for Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance of Longitudinal Studies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:607685. [PMID: 33551788 PMCID: PMC7859530 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.607685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function throughout life. We propose that forthcoming longitudinal studies will build upon a wealth of knowledge gleaned from prior cross-sectional designs to identify early predictors of variability in cognitive function during aging, and characterize fundamental neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability to, and the trajectory of, cognitive decline. Finally, we present examples of biological measures that may differentiate mechanisms of the cognitive reserve at the molecular, cellular, and network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Amy R. Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol A. Barnes
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- CRTD—Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter R. Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurocognitive Aging Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Thomas C. Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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16
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Pineapple Vinegar Regulates Obesity-Related Genes and Alters the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet (HFD) C57BL/6 Obese Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1257962. [PMID: 33029159 PMCID: PMC7530514 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1257962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic metabolic syndrome with increasing incidences every year. Among the significant factors that lead to obesity, overconsumption of high-fat food in daily intake is always the main contributor. Functional foods have shown a positive effect on disease prevention and provide health benefits, including counteracting obesity problem. Vinegar is one of the fermented functional beverages that have been consumed for many years, and different types of vinegar showed different bioactivities and efficacies. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of pineapple vinegar as an antiobesity agent on a high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced C57BL/6 obese mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated with pineapple vinegar (1 mL/kg BW and 0.08 mL/kg BW) for 12 weeks after 24 weeks of HFD incubation. Serum biochemistry profiles, antioxidant assays, qPCR, proteome profiler, and 16S metagenomic were done posttreatment. Our data showed that a high concentration of pineapple vinegar (1 mL/kg BW) treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the bodyweight (∼20%), restored lipid profiles, increased the antioxidant activities, and reduced the oxidative stress. Besides, significant (p < 0.05) regulation of several adipokines and inflammatory-related genes was recorded. Through the regulation of gut microbiota, we found a higher abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a microbiota reported to be associated with obesity in the high concentration of pineapple vinegar treatment. Collectively, these data established the mechanism of pineapple vinegar as antiobesity in mice and revealed the potential of pineapple vinegar as a functional food for obesity.
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17
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Yao H, Peterson AL, Li J, Xu H, Dennery PA. Heme Oxygenase 1 and 2 Differentially Regulate Glucose Metabolism and Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Respiration: Implications for Metabolic Dysregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197123. [PMID: 32992485 PMCID: PMC7582259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase (HO) consists of inducible (HO-1) and constitutive (HO-2) isoforms that are encoded by Hmox1 and Hmox2 genes, respectively. As an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecule, HO participates in the development of metabolic diseases. Whether Hmox deficiency causes metabolic abnormalities under basal conditions remains unclear. We hypothesized that HO-1 and HO-2 differentially affect global and adipose tissue metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we determined insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, energy expenditure, and respiratory exchange ratio in global Hmox1-/- and Hmox2-/- mice. Body weight was reduced in female but not male Hmox1-/- and Hmox2-/- mice. Reduced insulin sensitivity and physical activity were observed in Hmox1-/- but not Hmox2-/- mice. Deletion of either Hmox1 or Hmox2 had no effects on glucose tolerance, energy expenditure or respiratory exchange ratio. Mitochondrial respiration was unchanged in gonadal fat pads (white adipose tissue, WAT) of Hmox1-/- mice. Hmox2 deletion increased proton leak and glycolysis in gonadal, but not interscapular fat tissues (brown adipose tissue, BAT). Uncoupling protein and Hmox1 genes were unchanged in gonadal fat pads of Hmox2-/- mice. Conclusively, HO-1 maintains insulin sensitivity, while HO-2 represses glycolysis and proton leak in the WAT under basal condition. This suggests that HO-1 and HO-2 differentially modulate metabolism, which may impact the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA; (H.Y.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Abigail L. Peterson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA; (H.Y.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA; (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA; (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Phyllis A. Dennery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA; (H.Y.); (A.L.P.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-444-5648
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18
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Yuan H, Li Y, Ling F, Guan Y, Zhang D, Zhu Q, Liu J, Wu Y, Niu Y. The phytochemical epigallocatechin gallate prolongs the lifespan by improving lipid metabolism, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed obese rats. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13199. [PMID: 32729662 PMCID: PMC7511879 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently reported that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) could extend lifespan in healthy rats. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of a high dose of EGCG in extending the lifespan of obese rats. Ninety adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control (NC), high-fat (HF) and EGCG groups. Serum glucose and lipids, inflammation and oxidative stress were dynamically determined from adulthood to death, and the transcriptome and proteome of the liver were also examined. The median lifespans of the NC, HF and EGCG groups were 693, 599 and 683 days, respectively, and EGCG delayed death by 84 days in obese rats. EGCG improved serum glucose and lipids and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress associated with aging in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet. EGCG also significantly decreased the levels of total free fatty acids (FFAs), SFAs and the n-6/n-3 ratio but significantly increased the n-3 FFAs related to longevity. The joint study of the transcriptome and proteome in liver found that EGCG exerted its effects mainly by regulating the suppression of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen species metabolism, suppression of oxidative stress, activation of fatty acid transport and oxidation and cholesterol metabolism. EGCG significantly increased the protein expression of FOXO1, Sirt1, CAT, FABP1, GSTA2, ACSL1 and CPT2 but significantly decreased NF-κB, ACC1 and FAS protein levels in the livers of rats. All the results indicate that EGCG extends lifespan by improving FFA metabolism and reducing the levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yuan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
- Heilongjiang Health Development Research Center Heilongjiang China
| | - Yuqiao Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Fan Ling
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Qiushuang Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Jinxiao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
| | - Yucun Niu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene College of Public Health Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang China
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19
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Liu F, Fan LM, Michael N, Li J. In vivo and in silico characterization of apocynin in reducing organ oxidative stress: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00635. [PMID: 32761799 PMCID: PMC7406636 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apocynin has been widely used in vivo as a Nox2-contaninig nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor. However, its time-dependent tissue distribution and inhibition on organ reactive oxygen species (ROS) production remained unclear. In this study, we examined apocynin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PKPD) after intravenous (iv) injection (bolus, 5 mg/kg) of mice (CD1, 12-week). Apocynin was detected using a HPLC coupled to a linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometer. Apocynin peak concentrations were detected in plasma at 1 minute (5494 ± 400 ng/mL) (t1/2 = 0.05 hours, clearance = 7.76 L/h/kg), in urine at 15 minutes (14 942 ± 5977 ng/mL), in liver at 5 minutes (2853 ± 35 ng/g), in heart at 5 minutes (3161 ± 309 ng/g) and in brain at 1 minute (4603 ± 208 ng/g) after iv injection. These were accompanied with reduction of ROS production in the liver, heart and brain homogenates. Diapocynin was not detected in these samples. Therapeutic effect of apocynin was examined using a mouse model (C57BL/6J) of high-fat diet (HFD, 16 weeks)-induced obesity and accelerated aging. Apocynin (5 mmol/L) was supplied in drinking water during the HFD period and was detected at the end of treatment in the brain (5369 ± 1612 ng/g), liver (4818 ± 1340 ng/g) and heart (1795 ± 1487 ng/g) along with significant reductions of ROS production in these organs. In conclusion, apocynin PKPD is characterized by a short half-life, rapid clearance, good distribution and inhibition of ROS production in major organs. Diapocynin is not a metabolite of apocynin in vivo. Apocynin crosses easily the blood-brain barrier and reduces brain oxidative stress associated with metabolic disorders and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Liu
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | | | - Jian‐Mei Li
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
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20
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de Oliveira AR, Cruz KJ, Morais JB, Severo JS, Beserra JB, dos Santos LR, de Sousa Melo SR, Luz LM, de Sousa LA, de Matos Neto EM, de Jesus e Silva de Almendra Freitas B, do Nascimento Nogueira N, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666190730123842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in
obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes
involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress.
Objective:
To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case
group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of
body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed
by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was
measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric
acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined.
Results:
Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients
with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups
studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values
in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration
of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity
compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium
biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05).
Conclusion:
Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce
hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this
study was not influenced by magnesium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R.S. de Oliveira
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Kyria J.C. Cruz
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Jennifer B.S. Morais
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Juliana S. Severo
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Beserra
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Loanne R. dos Santos
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Stéfany R. de Sousa Melo
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Larissa M. Luz
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Leidejaira A. de Sousa
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Emídio M. de Matos Neto
- Departament of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | | | - Nadir do Nascimento Nogueira
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
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21
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The Influence of Body Mass Index on Characteristics of Falls in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research Study. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Tam BT, Morais JA, Santosa S. Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12991. [PMID: 32020741 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conditions and comorbidities of obesity mirror those of ageing and age-related diseases. Obesity and ageing share a similar spectrum of phenotypes such as compromised genomic integrity, impaired mitochondrial function, accumulation of intracellular macromolecules, weakened immunity, shifts in tissue and body composition, and enhanced systemic inflammation. Moreover, it has been shown that obesity reduces life expectancy by 5.8 years in men and 7.1 years in women after the age of 40. Shorter life expectancy could be because obesity holistically accelerates ageing at multiple levels. Besides jeopardizing nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA integrity, obesity modifies the DNA methylation pattern, which is associated with epigenetic ageing in different tissues. Additionally, other signs of ageing are seen in individuals with obesity including telomere shortening, systemic inflammation, and functional declines. This review aims to show how obesity and ageing are "two sides of the same coin" through discussing how obesity predisposes an individual to age-related conditions, illness, and disease. We will further demonstrate how the mechanisms that perpetuate the early-onset of chronic diseases in obesity parallel those of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn T Tam
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Metabolism, Obesity, and Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvia Santosa
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Metabolism, Obesity, and Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Centre intégré universitarie de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-I'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Monréal (CIUSS-NIM, HSCM), Quebec, Montreal, Canada
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23
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Machado I, Sousa N, Paredes H, Ferreira J, Abrantes C. Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise in Walking Performance of Patients With Intermittent Claudication: Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1538. [PMID: 31969830 PMCID: PMC6960137 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The short-term benefits of aerobic and resistance exercise in subjects affected by Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) are scarcely examined in interaction. This study aimed to identify the effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise programs on walking performance compared with isolated aerobic exercise or with the usual care in patients with intermittent claudication. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement. A total of five electronic databases were searched (until October 2019) for randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. The focus comprised PAD patients with intermittent claudication who performed a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program that assessed the walking performance. Results: Seven studies include combined aerobic and resistance exercise vs. isolated aerobic or vs. usual care. The studies represented a sample size of 337 participants. The follow-up ranged from 4 to 12 weeks, 2 to 5 times-per-week. The risk of bias in the trials was a deemed moderate-to-high risk. After the interventions, the percent change in walking performance outcomes had a large variation. In the combined and isolated aerobic programs, the walking performance always improved, while in the usual care group oscillates between the deterioration and the improvement in all outcomes. Combined exercise and isolated aerobic exercise improved the claudication onset distance from 11 to 396%, and 30 to 422%, the absolute claudication distance from 81 to 197%, and 53 to 121%, and the maximal walking distance around 23 and 10%, respectively. Conclusions: Currently, there is insufficient evidence about the effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise compared to isolated aerobic exercise or usual care on walking performance. However, despite the low quality of evidence, the combined aerobic and resistance exercise seems to be an effective strategy to improve walking performance in patients with intermittent claudication. These combined exercise modes or isolated aerobic exercise produce positive and significant results on walking performance. The usual care approach has a trend to deteriorate the walking performance. Thus, given the scarcity of data, new randomized controlled trial studies that include assessments of cardiovascular risk factors are urgently required to better determine the effect of this exercise combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Machado
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nelson Sousa
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Public Health Unit of Santo Tirso, ACES Grande Porto I-Santo Tirso/Trofa, Santo Tirso, Portugal
| | - Hugo Paredes
- Department of Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Ferreira
- Hospital of Senhora da Oliveira/EPE, Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Guimarães, Portugal.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina Abrantes
- Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
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24
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Towers AE, Oelschlager ML, Juda MB, Jain S, Gainey SJ, Freund GG. HFD refeeding in mice after fasting impairs learning by activating caspase-1 in the brain. Metabolism 2020; 102:153989. [PMID: 31697963 PMCID: PMC6906226 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.153989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets that include some aspect of fasting have dramatically increased in popularity. In addition, fasting reduces inflammasome activity in the brain while improving learning. Here, we examine the impact of refeeding a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) after fasting. METHODS Male wildtype (WT), caspase-1 knockout (KO) and/or IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) KO mice were fasted for 24 h or allowed ad libitum access to food (chow). Immediately after fasting, mice were allowed to refeed for 2 h in the presence of LFD, HFD or chow. Mouse learning was examined using novel object recognition (NOR) and novel location recognition (NLR). Caspase-1 activity was quantified in the brain using histochemistry (HC) and image analysis. RESULTS Refeeding with a HFD but not a LFD or chow fully impaired both NOR and NLR. Likewise, HFD when compared to LFD refeeding increased caspase-1 activity in the whole amygdala and, particularly, in the posterior basolateral nuclei (BLp) by 2.5-fold and 4.6-fold, respectively. When caspase-1 KO or IL-1R1 KO mice were examined, learning impairment secondary to HFD refeeding did not occur. Equally, administration of n-acetylcysteine to fasted WT mice prevented HFD-dependent learning impairment and caspase-1 activation in the BLp. Finally, the free-fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) antagonist, DC260126, mitigated learning impairment associated with HFD refeeding while blocking caspase-1 activation in the BLp. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of a HFD after fasting impairs learning by a mechanism that is dependent on caspase-1 and the IL-1R1 receptor. These consequences of a HFD refeeding on the BLP of the amygdala appear linked to oxidative stress and FFAR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert E Towers
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Michal B Juda
- Department of Pathology, Program in Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sparsh Jain
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen J Gainey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gregory G Freund
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, Program in Integrative Immunology and Behavior, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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25
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Shimizu C, Wakita Y, Kihara M, Kobayashi N, Tsuchiya Y, Nabeshima T. Association of Lifelong Intake of Barley Diet with Healthy Aging: Changes in Physical and Cognitive Functions and Intestinal Microbiome in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8 (SAMP8). Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081770. [PMID: 31374892 PMCID: PMC6723110 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley intake reportedly reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, but effects on the systemic phenotypes during healthy aging have not yet been examined. Therefore, we examined the effects of barley on the lifespan; behavioral phenotypes, such as locomotor activity, and cognitive functions, and intestinal microbiome in the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mouse. We prepared two mild high-fat diets by adding lard, in which the starch components of AIN-93G were replaced by rice or barley "Motchiriboshi." SAMP8 (four weeks old, male) mice were fed AIN-93G until eight weeks old, and then rice (rice group) or barley diet (rice: barley = 1:4, barley group) until death. Changes in aging-related phenotypes, object and spatial recognition, locomotor and balancing activities, and the intestinal microbiome were recorded. Moreover, plasma cholesterol levels were analyzed at 16 weeks old. Barley intake prolonged the lifespan by approximately four weeks, delayed locomotor atrophy, and reduced balancing ability and spatial recognition. Barley intake significantly increased the medium and small particle sizes of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is associated with a reduced risk of total stroke. The Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio in the barley group was significantly higher than that in the rice group during aging. Thus, lifelong barley intake may have positive effects on healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Shimizu
- Frontier Laboratories for Value Creation, SAPPORO HOLDINGS LTD, 10 Okatome, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0013, Japan.
| | - Yoshihisa Wakita
- Frontier Laboratories for Value Creation, SAPPORO HOLDINGS LTD, 10 Okatome, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0013, Japan
| | - Makoto Kihara
- Bioresources Research and Development Department, SAPPORO BREWERIES LTD, 37-1, Nittakizaki, Ota, Gunma 370-0393, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kobayashi
- Frontier Laboratories for Value Creation, SAPPORO HOLDINGS LTD, 10 Okatome, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0013, Japan
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Frontier Laboratories for Value Creation, SAPPORO HOLDINGS LTD, 10 Okatome, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0013, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
- NPO Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, 3-1509 Omoteyama, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0069, Japan
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26
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Benchoula K, Khatib A, Jaffar A, Ahmed QU, Sulaiman WMAW, Wahab RA, El-Seedi HR. The promise of zebrafish as a model of metabolic syndrome. Exp Anim 2019; 68:407-416. [PMID: 31118344 PMCID: PMC6842808 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster including hyperglycaemia, obesity, hypertension, and
hypertriglyceridaemia as a result of biochemical and physiological alterations and can
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Fundamental research on this
disease requires validated animal models. One potential animal model that is rapidly
gaining in popularity is zebrafish (Danio rerio). The use of zebrafish as
an animal model conveys several advantages, including high human genetic homology,
transparent embryos and larvae that allow easier visualization. This review discusses how
zebrafish models contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome studies. Different
diseases in the cluster of metabolic syndrome, such as hyperglycaemia, obesity, diabetes,
and hypertriglyceridaemia, have been successfully studied using zebrafish; and the model
is promising for hypertension and cardiovascular metabolic-related diseases due to its
genetic similarity to mammals. Genetic mutation, chemical induction, and dietary
alteration are among the tools used to improve zebrafish models. This field is expanding,
and thus, more effective and efficient techniques are currently developed to fulfil the
increasing demand for thorough investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Benchoula
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia.,Central Research and Animal Facility (CREAM), Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahamad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ashika Jaffar
- School of Biosciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Qamar Udin Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ridhwan Abd Wahab
- Kulliyah of Allied Health Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Sultan Ahmad Shah Street, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Alrayan Medical colleges, Medina 42541, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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27
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Csiszar A, Balasubramanian P, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Zhang XA, Springo Z, Benbrook D, Sonntag WE, Ungvari Z. Chemically induced carcinogenesis in rodent models of aging: assessing organismal resilience to genotoxic stressors in geroscience research. GeroScience 2019; 41:209-227. [PMID: 31037472 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is significant overlap between the cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and pathways contributing to carcinogenesis, including the role of genome maintenance pathways. In the field of geroscience analysis of novel genetic mouse models with either a shortened, or an extended, lifespan provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the synergistic roles of longevity assurance pathways in cancer resistance and regulation of lifespan and to develop novel targets for interventions that both delay aging and prevent carcinogenesis. There is a growing need for robust assays to assess the susceptibility of cancer in these models. The present review focuses on a well-characterized method frequently used in cancer research, which can be adapted to study resilience to genotoxic stress and susceptibility to genotoxic stress-induced carcinogenesis in geroscience research namely, chemical carcinogenesis induced by treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Recent progress in understanding how longer-living mice may achieve resistance to chemical carcinogenesis and how these pathways are modulated by anti-aging interventions is reviewed. Strain-specific differences in sensitivity to DMBA-induced carcinogenesis are also explored and contrasted with mouse lifespan. The clinical relevance of inhibition of DMBA-induced carcinogenesis for the pathogenesis of mammary adenocarcinomas in older human subjects is discussed. Finally, the potential role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the regulation of pathways responsible for cellular resilience to DMBA-induced mutagenesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Csiszar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xin A Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zsolt Springo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Doris Benbrook
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Department of Geriatric Medicine Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA. .,Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. .,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. .,Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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28
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Lier J, Winter K, Bleher J, Grammig J, Mueller WC, Streit W, Bechmann I. Loss of IBA1-Expression in brains from individuals with obesity and hepatic dysfunction. Brain Res 2019; 1710:220-229. [PMID: 30615888 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, exhibit constitutive expression of the ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1), a cytoplasmic protein with actin and calcium-binding functions involved in membrane ruffling. Microglia are long-lived cells that exhibit a senescent morphology (dystrophy) with aging, which may be indicative of cell dysfunction. It has been reported that dystrophy of IBA1-positive microglia is exacerbated in obese humans. Our own preliminary studies of microglia in the medial temporal lobe of obese subjects have revealed another microglial abnormality, which is the loss of IBA1 immunoreactivity that can create large areas in the brain seemingly devoid of all microglial cells. Here, we systematically compared microglial appearance in human hippocampi derived from obese individuals compared to controls (nobese = 33, nnon-obese = 30). In both groups, we found areas that were negative for IBA1, but contained P2YR12 and glutathione-peroxidase 1 (GPX)-positive microglia. The number and extent of IBA1-negative regions was increased in obese cases. Since some cases of non-obese individuals also exhibited loss of IBA-1 immunoreactivity, we searched for possible confounders and found that hepatic dysfunction strongly impacts the distribution of microglial cells: By computational analysis of scanned IBA1-stained sections, we detected increased Mean Empty Space distances (p = 0.016) and IBA1-negative areas (p = 0.090) which were independent from the cause of liver dysfunction, but also from aging. Thus, we report on a novel type of microglia pathological change, i.e. localized loss of IBA1 that is linked, at least in part, to obesity and hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lier
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | | | - Johannes Bleher
- University of Tuebingen - Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Germany
| | - Joachim Grammig
- University of Tuebingen - Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Germany
| | - Wolf C Mueller
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Streit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine and McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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29
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Effectiveness of Coelatura aegyptiaca Extract Combination with Atorvastatin on Experimentally Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9726137. [PMID: 30713580 PMCID: PMC6332942 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9726137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of clam extract in combination with atorvastatin against experimentally hyperlipidemia in rats. Method Forty male rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats /group): control, high fat diet (HFD), atorvastatin (AROR), clam extract (CE), and ATOR + CE. Results The treatments with ATOR and /or CE significantly reduced the body weight gain, AST, ALT, ALP, TL, TC, TG, LDL-C, urea, creatinine, and uric acid levels while they increased total proteins, albumin, and HDL-C. The treatment with ATOR only did not cause any significant change in CK and MDA along with antioxidant system, while the treatment with CE alone or with ATOR significantly decreased CK and MDA accompanied by improving the antioxidant system. Conclusion Combination of CE extract with atorvastatin improved the hyperlipidemic efficacy and reduced undesirable side effects especially on muscle.
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30
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Apelin/APJ system: A novel promising target for anti-aging intervention. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:233-240. [PMID: 30296443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Apelin, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, is widely expressed in various organs. Recent research has indicated that the Apelin/APJ system plays an important role in aging. Apelin and APJ receptor expression are down-regulated with increasing age. In murine models, Apelin and APJ knockouts exhibit accelerated senescence whereas Apelin-restoration results in enhanced vigor and rejuvenated behavioral and circadian phenotypes. Furthermore, aged Apelin knockout mice develop progressive impairment of cardiac contractility associated with systolic dysfunction. Apelin is crucial to maintain cardiac contractility in aging. Moreover, the Apelin/APJ system appears to be involved in regulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress which promotes aging. Likewise, the Apelin/APJ system regulates autophagy, stem cells and the sirtuin family thus contributing to anti-aging. In this review, we describe the relationship between Apelin/APJ system and aging. We elaborate on the role of the Apelin/APJ system in aging stimulators, aging inhibitors and age-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We conclude that Apelin/APJ system might become a novel promising therapeutic target for anti-aging.
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31
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Pappas LE, Nagy TR. The translation of age-related body composition findings from rodents to humans. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:172-178. [PMID: 30283153 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to highlight changes in body composition in rodent models as a result of healthy aging in order to enhance translational research. Aging is associated with alterations in body composition, particularly fat mass and fat-free mass, which may be accompanied by adverse health effects, especially nearing middle age to old age. In humans, it is generally understood that fat mass tends to increase while fat-free mass concurrently declines with aging. However, the effect of aging on body composition in rodent models is less well studied, and how these changes compare and contrast with observations in humans has not yet been fully elucidated. Though, it appears as though the constituent-level alterations occur in humans and rodents at different life phases thereby having a potential effect on the outcomes of basic biomedical research. Though highly strain-dependent, this review suggests that FM changes begin at a much earlier life phase in rodents than in humans. Conversely, FFM appears to increase throughout middle age and into old age in rodents, whereas middle age is associated with the initiation the subsequent decline of FFM in humans. Given the essentiality of rodent models in basic biomedical research, careful consideration of these differences in age-related BC findings is imperative when the research is aimed for human translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay E Pappas
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 421, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA
| | - Tim R Nagy
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Webb 421, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA.
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Koike M, Nojiri H, Kanazawa H, Yamaguchi H, Miyagawa K, Nagura N, Banno S, Iwase Y, Kurosawa H, Kaneko K. Superoxide dismutase activity is significantly lower in end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage than non-osteoarthritic cartilage. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203944. [PMID: 30222787 PMCID: PMC6141073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), SOD2, and SOD3 are significantly decreased in human osteoarthritic cartilage. SOD activity is a marker that can be used to comprehensively evaluate the enzymatic capacities of SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3; however, the trend of SOD activity in end-stage osteoarthritic tissues remains unknown. In the present study, we found that SOD activity in end-stage osteoarthritic synovium of the knee was significantly lower than that in control synovium without the influence of age. The SOD activity was significantly lower in the end-stage knee osteoarthritic cartilage than in the control, but a weak negative correlation was observed between aging and SOD activity. However, SOD activity in end-stage hip osteoarthritic cartilage was significantly lower than that in control cartilage without the influence of aging. The relationship between osteoarthritis and SOD activity was stronger than the relationship between aging and SOD activity. These results indicate that direct regulation of SOD activity in joint tissues may lead to suppression of osteoarthritis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Koike
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nojiri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroaki Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Miyagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nana Nagura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sammy Banno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Iwase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kurosawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP. Nutrients and Oxidative Stress: Friend or Foe? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9719584. [PMID: 29643982 PMCID: PMC5831951 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9719584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are different types of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress sources that trigger inflammation. Much information indicates that high intakes of macronutrients can promote oxidative stress and subsequently contribute to inflammation via nuclear factor-kappa B- (NF-κB-) mediated cell signaling pathways. Dietary carbohydrates, animal-based proteins, and fats are important to highlight here because they may contribute to the long-term consequences of nutritionally mediated inflammation. Oxidative stress is a central player of metabolic ailments associated with high-carbohydrate and animal-based protein diets and excessive fat consumption. Obesity has become an epidemic and represents the major risk factor for several chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of nutritionally mediated oxidative stress are complex and poorly understood. Therefore, this review aimed to explore how dietary choices exacerbate or dampen the oxidative stress and inflammation. We also discussed the implications of oxidative stress in the adipocyte and glucose metabolism and obesity-associated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Taken together, a better understanding of the role of oxidative stress in obesity and the development of obesity-related NCDs would provide a useful approach. This is because oxidative stress can be mediated by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, hence providing a plausible means for the prevention of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Dinesh Yadav DM, Muralidhar MN, Prasad SMVK, Rajender Rao K. Pre-pubertal diet restriction reduces reactive oxygen species and restores fertility in male WNIN/Obese rat. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. M. Dinesh Yadav
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - M. N. Muralidhar
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - S. M. V. K. Prasad
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - K. Rajender Rao
- Molecular Genetics; National Centre for Laboratory Animal Sciences; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
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Fan LM, Cahill-Smith S, Geng L, Du J, Brooks G, Li JM. Aging-associated metabolic disorder induces Nox2 activation and oxidative damage of endothelial function. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:940-951. [PMID: 28499911 PMCID: PMC5489050 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress attributable to the activation of a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is involved in the development of vascular diseases and in aging. However, the mechanism of Nox2 activation in normal aging remains unclear. In this study, we used age-matched wild-type (WT) and Nox2 knockout (KO) mice at 3-4 months (young); 11-12 months (middle-aged) and 21-22 months (aging) to investigate age-related metabolic disorders, Nox2 activation and endothelial dysfunction. Compared to young mice, middle-aged and aging WT mice had significant hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, increased systemic oxidative stress and higher blood pressure. Endothelium-dependent vessel relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly impaired in WT aging aortas, and this was accompanied by increased Nox2 and ICAM-1 expressions, MAPK activation and decreased insulin receptor expression and signaling. However, these aging-associated disorders were significantly reduced or absent in Nox2KO aging mice. The effect of metabolic disorder on Nox2 activation and endothelial dysfunction was further confirmed using high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in middle-aged WT mice treated with apocynin (a Nox2 inhibitor). In vitro experiments showed that in response to high glucose plus high insulin challenge, WT coronary microvascular endothelial cells increased significantly the levels of Nox2 expression, activation of stress signaling pathways and the cells were senescent, e.g. increased p53 and β-galactosidase activity. However, these changes were absent in Nox2KO cells. In conclusion, Nox2 activation in response to aging-associated hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia plays a key role in the oxidative damage of vascular function. Inhibition or knockout of Nox2 preserves endothelial function and improves global metabolism in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lampson M Fan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Li Geng
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Junjie Du
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Gavin Brooks
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK.
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Kapewangolo P, Knott M, Shithigona REK, Uusiku SL, Kandawa-Schulz M. In vitro anti-HIV and antioxidant activity of Hoodia gordonii (Apocynaceae), a commercial plant product. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:411. [PMID: 27776523 PMCID: PMC5078957 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Hoodia gordonii products are widely commercialized for anti-obesity purposes; however, minimal research is available on the other health properties demonstrated by this popular herbal plant. Methods H. gordonii crude extracts (ethanol and ethyl acetate) were assayed for in vitro anti-HIV-1 protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase activity. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assays were used for the antioxidant analysis. In addition, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses of the extracts were determined using standard methods. Results H. gordonii extract demonstrated good inhibition against HIV RT with IC50 values of 73.55 ± 0.04 and 69.81 ± 9.45 μg/mL for ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. Both extracts also demonstrated inhibitory activity against HIV PR with IC50 values of 97.29 ± 0.01 and 63.76 ± 9.01 μg/mL for ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. In addition, H. gordonii also showed good antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 124.6 ± 11.3 and 126.2 ± 3.15 μg/mL obtained for ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. The reducing power of H. gordonii extracts increased as the concentration increased which confirmed the presence of antioxidants (reductants) in the extracts. Phytochemical screening of H. gordonii revealed the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, cardiac glycosides and tannins in the ethanolic extract, while the ethyl acetate extract only showed the presence of phenolics, cardiac glycosides and steroids. The total phenolic content was 420 ± 0.17 and 319.9 ± 0.2 mg GAE/g for the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. The ethanol extract, which revealed the presence of tannins, had a tannin content of 330 ± 0.2 mg TAE/g extract. Conclusion This data suggests that H. gordonii has good in vitro inhibition against selected HIV-1 enzymes as well as antioxidant properties, suggesting new potential uses for this commercial plant.
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Agabiti-Rosei C, Favero G, De Ciuceis C, Rossini C, Porteri E, Rodella LF, Franceschetti L, Maria Sarkar A, Agabiti-Rosei E, Rizzoni D, Rezzani R. Effect of long-term treatment with melatonin on vascular markers of oxidative stress/inflammation and on the anticontractile activity of perivascular fat in aging mice. Hypertens Res 2016; 40:41-50. [PMID: 27534739 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Some reports have suggested that inflammation in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) may be implicated in vascular dysfunction by causing the disappearance of an anticontractile effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic melatonin treatment on the functional responses of the small mesenteric arteries and on the expression of markers of inflammation/oxidative stress in the aortas of senescence-accelerated prone mice (SAMP8), a model of age-related vascular dysfunction. We investigated seven SAMP8 and seven control senescence-accelerated resistant mice (SAMR1) treated for 10 months with melatonin, as well as equal numbers of age-matched untreated SAMP8 and SAMR1. The mesenteric small resistance arteries were dissected and mounted on a wire myograph, and the concentration-response to norepinephrine was evaluated in vessels with intact PVAT and after the removal of the PVAT. The expression of markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and aging in the aortas was evaluated by immunostaining. In addition, the adiponectin content and the expression of adiponectin receptor 1 were evaluated in the visceral adipose tissue. In untreated SAMP8 mice, we observed an overexpression of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the vasculature compared with the controls. No anticontractile effect of the PVAT was observed in untreated SAMP8 mice. Long-term treatment of SAMP8 mice with melatonin increased the expression of some markers of vasoprotection, decreased oxidative stress and inflammation and restored the anticontractile effect of the PVAT. Decreased expression of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 was also observed in visceral fat of untreated SAMP8, whereas a significant increase was observed after melatonin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Agabiti-Rosei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carolina De Ciuceis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Rossini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enzo Porteri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franceschetti
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Sarkar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Agabiti-Rosei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Damiano Rizzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Città di Brescia, Division of Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Lima AHRA, Correia MA, Soares AHG, Farah BQ, Forjaz CLM, Silva AS, Brasileiro-Santos MS, Santos AC, Ritti-Dias RM. Acute effects of walking and combined exercise on oxidative stress and vascular function in peripheral artery disease. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2016; 38:69-75. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aluísio H. R. A. Lima
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory; School of Physical Education and Sport; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marilia A. Correia
- Graduate Program in Physical Education; University of Pernambuco and University Federal of Paraiba; Paraiba Brazil
| | - Antônio H. G. Soares
- Graduate Program in Physical Education; University of Pernambuco and University Federal of Paraiba; Paraiba Brazil
| | - Breno Q. Farah
- Graduate Program in Physical Education; University of Pernambuco and University Federal of Paraiba; Paraiba Brazil
| | - Cláudia L. M. Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory; School of Physical Education and Sport; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alexandre S. Silva
- Israel Institute of Education and Research Albert Einstein; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria S. Brasileiro-Santos
- Graduate Program in Physical Education; University of Pernambuco and University Federal of Paraiba; Paraiba Brazil
| | - Amilton C. Santos
- Graduate Program in Physical Education; University of Pernambuco and University Federal of Paraiba; Paraiba Brazil
| | - Raphael M. Ritti-Dias
- Israel Institute of Education and Research Albert Einstein; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; São Paulo Brazil
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Pinto BAS, Melo TM, Flister KFT, França LM, Kajihara D, Tanaka LY, Laurindo FRM, Paes AMDA. Early and sustained exposure to high-sucrose diet triggers hippocampal ER stress in young rats. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:917-27. [PMID: 27154727 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Early-life environmental insults have been shown to promote long-term development of chronic non-communicable diseases, including metabolic disturbances and mental illnesses. As such, premature consumption of high-sugar foods has been associated to early onset of detrimental outcomes, whereas underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether early and sustained exposure to high-sucrose diet promotes metabolic disturbances that ultimately might anticipate neurological injuries. At postnatal day 21, weaned male rats started to be fed a standard chow (10 % sucrose, CTR) or a high-sucrose diet (25 % sucrose, HSD) for 9 weeks prior to euthanasia at postnatal day 90. HSD did not alter weight gain and feed efficiency between groups, but increased visceral, non-visceral and brown adipose tissue accumulation. HSD rats demonstrated elevated blood glucose levels in both fasting and fed states, which were associated to impaired glucose tolerance. Peripheral insulin sensitivity did not change, whereas hepatic insulin resistance was supported by increased serum triglyceride levels, as well as higher TyG index values. Assessment of hippocampal gene expression showed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways were activated in HSD rats, as compared to CTR. HSD rats had overexpression of unfolded protein response sensors, PERK and ATF6; ER chaperone, PDIA2 and apoptosis-related genes, CHOP and Caspase 3; but decreased expression of chaperone GRP78. Finally, HSD rats demonstrated impaired neuromuscular function and anxious behavior, but preserved cognitive parameters. In conclusion, our data indicate that early exposure to HSD promote metabolic disturbances, which disrupt hippocampus homeostasis and might precociously affect its neurobehavioral functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Thamys Marinho Melo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Karla Frida Torres Flister
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Daniela Kajihara
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Yuji Tanaka
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
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Salmon AB. Beyond Diabetes: Does Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress Drive the Aging Process? Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:E24. [PMID: 27438860 PMCID: PMC5039573 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous correlative data, a causative role for oxidative stress in mammalian longevity has remained elusive. However, there is strong evidence that increased oxidative stress is associated with exacerbation of many diseases and pathologies that are also strongly related to advanced age. Obesity, or increased fat accumulation, is one of the most common chronic conditions worldwide and is associated with not only metabolic dysfunction but also increased levels of oxidative stress in vivo. Moreover, obesity is also associated with significantly increased risks of cardiovascular disease, neurological decline and cancer among many other diseases as well as a significantly increased risk of mortality. In this review, we investigate the possible interpretation that the increased incidence of these diseases in obesity may be due to chronic oxidative stress mediating segmental acceleration of the aging process. Understanding how obesity can alter cellular physiology beyond that directly related to metabolic function could open new therapeutic areas of approach to extend the period of healthy aging among people of all body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Salmon
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.
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Han GM, Han XF. Serum lycopene is inversely associated with long-term all-cause mortality in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis: Result from the NHANES III. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Higher levels of serum lycopene are associated with reduced mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res 2016; 36:402-7. [PMID: 27101758 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of mortality. Increased oxidative stress and inflammation may play an important role in the high mortality of individuals with metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have suggested that lycopene intake might be related to the reduced oxidative stress and decreased inflammation. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the hypothesis that lycopene is associated with mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome. A total of 2499 participants 20 years and older with metabolic syndrome were divided into 3 groups based on their serum concentration of lycopene using the tertile rank method. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from years 2001 to 2006 was linked to the mortality file for mortality follow-up data through December 31, 2011, to determine the mortality rate and hazard ratios (HR) for the 3 serum lycopene concentration groups. The mean survival time was significantly higher in the group with the highest serum lycopene concentration (120.6 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 118.8-122.3) and the medium group (116.3 months; 95% CI, 115.2-117.4), compared with the group with lowest serum lycopene concentration (107.4 months; 95% CI, 106.5-108.3). After adjusting for possible confounding factors, participants in the highest (HR, 0.61; P = .0113) and in the second highest (HR, 0.67; P = .0497) serum lycopene concentration groups showed significantly lower HRs of mortality when compared with participants in the lower serum lycopene concentration. The data suggest that higher serum lycopene concentration has a significant association with the reduced risk of mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome.
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Krishnamurthy PK, Rajamohamedsait HB, Gonzalez V, Rajamohamedsait WJ, Ahmed N, Krishnaswamy S, Sigurdsson EM. Sex and Immunogen-Specific Benefits of Immunotherapy Targeting Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Transgenic and Wild-Type Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:62. [PMID: 27379014 PMCID: PMC4907063 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the deposition of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) as amyloid in islets, a process thought to be toxic to β-cells. To determine the feasibility of targeting these aggregates therapeutically, we vaccinated transgenic (Tg) mice that overexpress human IAPP and were fed a high-fat diet to promote their diabetic phenotype. Our findings indicate that prophylactic vaccination with IAPP and its derivative IAPP7-19-TT, protects wild-type female mice, but not males, from obesity-induced early mortality, and the derivative showed a strong trend for prolonging the lifespan of Tg females but not males. Furthermore, IAPP7-19-TT-immunized Tg females cleared a glucose bolus more efficiently than controls, while IAPP-immunized Tg females showed an impaired ability to clear a glucose bolus compared to their adjuvant injected Tg controls. Interestingly, IAPP or IAPP7-19-TT treatments had no effect on glucose clearance in Tg males. Overall, these beneficial effects of IAPP targeted immunization depend on Tg status, sex, and immunogen. Hence, future studies in this field should carefully consider these variables that clearly affect the therapeutic outcome. In conclusion, IAPP targeting immunotherapy may have benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veronica Gonzalez
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Nawal Ahmed
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Einar M. Sigurdsson
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- *Correspondence: Einar M. Sigurdsson,
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Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways in Age-Related Chronic Disease Processes. INFLAMMATION, AGING, AND OXIDATIVE STRESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33486-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yamamoto K, E S, Hatakeyama Y, Sakamoto Y, Tsuduki T. High-fat diet intake from senescence inhibits the attenuation of cell functions and the degeneration of villi with aging in the small intestine, and inhibits the attenuation of lipid absorption ability in SAMP8 mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015; 57:204-11. [PMID: 26566305 PMCID: PMC4639591 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.15-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of a high-fat diet from senescence as a means of preventing malnutrition among the elderly. The senescence-accelerated mouse P8 was used and divided into three groups. The 6C group was given a normal diet until 6 months old. The 12N group was given a normal diet until 12 months old. The 12F group was given a normal diet until 6 months old and then a high-fat diet until 12 months old. In the oral fat tolerance test, there was a decrease in area under the curve for serum triacylglycerol level in the 12N group and a significant increase in the 12F group, suggesting that the attenuation of lipid absorption ability with aging was delayed by a high-fat diet from senescence. To examine this mechanism, histological analysis in the small intestine was performed. As a result, the degeneration of villi with aging was inhibited by the high-fat diet. There was also a significant decrease in length of villus in the small intestine in the 12N group and a significant increase in the 12F group. The high-fat diet from senescence inhibited the degeneration of villi with aging in the small intestine, and inhibited the attenuation of lipid absorption ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Shuang E
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Yu Hatakeyama
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Yu Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tsuduki
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
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Liu R, Pulliam DA, Liu Y, Salmon AB. Dynamic differences in oxidative stress and the regulation of metabolism with age in visceral versus subcutaneous adipose. Redox Biol 2015; 6:401-408. [PMID: 26355396 PMCID: PMC4572386 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Once thought only as storage for excess nutrients, adipose tissue has been shown to be a dynamic organ implicated in the regulation of many physiological processes. There is emerging evidence supporting differential roles for visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue in maintaining health, although how these roles are modulated by the aging process is not clear. However, the proposed beneficial effects of subcutaneous fat suggest that targeting maintenance of this tissue could lead to healthier aging. In this study, we tested whether alterations in adipose function with age might be associated with changes in oxidative stress. Using visceral and subcutaneous adipose from C57BL/6 mice, we discovered effects of both age and depot location on markers of lipolysis and adipogenesis. Conversely, accumulation of oxidative damage and changes in enzymatic antioxidant expression with age were largely similar between these two depots. The activation of each of the stress signaling pathways JNK and MAPK/ERK was relatively suppressed in subcutaneous adipose tissue suggesting reduced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Similarly, pre-adipocytes from subcutaneous adipose were significantly more resistant than visceral-derived cells to cell death caused by oxidative stress. Cellular respiration in visceral-derived cells was dramatically higher than in cells derived from subcutaneous adipose despite little evidence for differences in mitochondrial density. Together, our data identify molecular mechanisms by which visceral and subcutaneous adipose differ with age and suggest potential targetable means to preserve healthy adipose aging. Aging alters metabolism differently in C57BL/6 visceral and subcutaneous fat. Oxidative stress and antioxidants show little difference between these fat depots. Age-induced activation of JNK and ERK/MAPK is elevated in visceral fat. Preadipocytes from visceral fat have relatively higher metabolic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Liu
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A Pulliam
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Departments of Cellular & Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yuhong Liu
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Adam B Salmon
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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