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Kim J, Scroggins JK, Ledbetter L, De Gagne JC. Cyberincivility among Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024. [PMID: 38862410 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ubiquitous use of social media places adolescents at high risk for cyberincivility (disrespectful, insensitive, or disruptive online behaviors). Adolescents who experience cyberincivility can have mental health issues including depression and suicidal ideation. However, no reviews synthesized findings from qualitative studies on cyberincivility among adolescents, which was the aim of this review. METHODS Eleven articles were extracted from MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Education Full Text. Study qualities were assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. A meta-ethnographic framework guided the thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes were identified: forms of cyberincivility, platforms used for cyberincivility, perceptions and understanding of cyberincivility, adverse impact on health, and perceptions of seeking support. Social media was often used for cyberincivility, and common forms of cyberincivility included impersonation, aggressive verbal behaviors, and social exclusion. Adolescents perceived cyberincivility as persistent and relentless, with severe health impacts including depression, but they hesitate to seek support. CONCLUSIONS Considering the negative impact of cyberincivility on adolescents' physical and mental well-being, it is important to develop anti-cyberincivility programs in schools. Schools have opportunities to efficiently reach both perpetrators and victims of cyberincivility with anti-cyberincivility programs rooted in trust building and engagement from family, community, and peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Kim
- Plano Senior High School, Plano, TX, USA
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Francisco SM, Ferreira PC, Veiga Simão AM. Behind the scenes of cyberbullying: personal and normative beliefs across profiles and moral disengagement mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2022.2095215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M. Francisco
- Faculdade de Psicologia, CICPSI, Alameda da Universidade, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Foundation for Science and Technology of the Science and Education Ministry of Portugal (SFRH/BD/130982/2017), Portugal
- Research Center for Psychological Science of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal (CICPSI; UIDB/04527/2020 and UIDP/04527/2020)
| | - Paula C. Ferreira
- Faculdade de Psicologia, CICPSI, Alameda da Universidade, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Research Center for Psychological Science of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal (CICPSI; UIDB/04527/2020 and UIDP/04527/2020)
| | - Ana M. Veiga Simão
- Faculdade de Psicologia, CICPSI, Alameda da Universidade, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Research Center for Psychological Science of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Portugal (CICPSI; UIDB/04527/2020 and UIDP/04527/2020)
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Iqbal S, Jami H. Exploring Definition of Cyberbullying and its Forms From the Perspective of Adolescents Living in Pakistan. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2022; 67:514-523. [PMID: 36407972 PMCID: PMC9661466 DOI: 10.1007/s12646-022-00689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There exists a great disparity in the literature on the definition of cyberbullying. This research aimed to explore the definition and forms of cyberbullying from adolescents’ perspectives. Six focus groups (N = 36) were conducted with participants aged 16–21 years (M = 17.6, SD = 1.8). The focus group guide was used to gain an understanding of adolescents’ perceptions and experiences of cyberbullying. The thematic analysis revealed that, contrary to the literature, participants do not apply traditional bullying definition (intention, repetition, and power imbalance) to cyberbullying. They argue about the relevance of traditional bullying criteria in certain contexts. For example, they stressed upon the perception of the victim, if the victim perceives something emotionally damaging, then intention, repetition and power imbalance become completely irrelevant. Memes and cybermobs were also found to be novel forms of cyberbullying. The current research extends the literature by adding adolescents’ perceived definitions and novel forms of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Iqbal
- National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Jami
- National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Nagata JM, Trompeter N, Singh G, Ganson KT, Testa A, Jackson DB, Assari S, Murray SB, Bibbins-Domingo K, Baker FC. Social Epidemiology of Early Adolescent Cyberbullying in the United States. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:1287-1293. [PMID: 35840085 PMCID: PMC9969904 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among a racially, ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population-based sample of 11-12-year-old early adolescents. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2; N = 9429). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors (sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, country of birth, household income, parental education) and adolescent-reported cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. RESULTS In the overall sample, lifetime prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 9.6%, with 65.8% occurring in the past 12 months, while lifetime prevalence of cyberbullying perpetration was 1.1%, with 59.8% occurring in the past 12 months. Boys reported higher odds of cyberbullying perpetration (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.01-2.92) but lower odds of cyberbullying victimization (AOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68-0.94) than girls. Sexual minorities reported 2.83 higher odds of cyberbullying victimization (95% CI 1.69-4.75) than nonsexual minorities. Lower household income was associated with 1.64 (95% CI 1.34-2.00) higher odds of cyberbullying victimization than higher household income, however household income was not associated with cyberbullying perpetration. Total screen time, particularly on the internet and social media, was associated with both cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. CONCLUSIONS Nearly one in 10 early adolescents reported cyberbullying victimization. Pediatricians, parents, teachers, and online platforms can provide education to support victims and prevent perpetration for early adolescents at the highest risk of cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Nagata
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (JM Nagata and G Singh), University of California, San Francisco, Calif, USA.
| | - Nora Trompeter
- Department of Psychology (N Trompeter), Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gurbinder Singh
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (JM Nagata and G Singh), University of California, San Francisco, Calif, USA
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work (KT Ganson), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Testa
- Department of Management (A Testa), Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex, USA
| | - Dylan B Jackson
- Department of Population (DB Jackson), Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md, USA
| | - Shervin Assari
- Department of Family Medicine (S Assari), College of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, Calif, USA; Department of Urban Public Health (S Assari), Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, Calif, USA; Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Research Center (S Assari), Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
| | - Stuart B Murray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SB Murray), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
| | - Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K Bibbins-Domingo), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif, USA
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences (FC Baker), SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif, USA; School of Physiology (FC Baker), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Lu S, Zhao L, Lai L, Shi C, Jiang W. How Do Chinese People View Cyberbullying? A Text Analysis Based on Social Media. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031822. [PMID: 35162845 PMCID: PMC8834686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The rise of cyberbullying has been of great concern for the general public. This study aims to explore public attitudes towards cyberbullying on Chinese social media. Cognition and emotion are important components of attitude, and this study innovatively used text analysis to extract the cognition and emotion of the posts. We used a web crawler to collect 53,526 posts related to cyberbullying in Chinese on Sina Weibo in a month, where emotions were detected using the software “Text Mind”, a Chinese linguistic psychological text analysis system, and the content analysis was performed using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model. Sentiment analysis showed the frequency of negative emotion words was the highest in the posts; the frequency of anger, anxiety, and sadness words decreased in turn. The topic model analysis identified three common topics about cyberbullying: critiques on cyberbullying and support for its victims, rational expressions of anger and celebrity worship, and calls for further control. In summary, this study quantitatively reveals the negative attitudes of the Chinese public toward cyberbullying and conveys specific public concerns via three common topics. This will help us to better understand the demands of the Chinese public so that targeted support can be proposed to curb cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430056, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (W.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Lingbo Zhao
- Department of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Lizu Lai
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430056, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (W.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Congrong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430056, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (W.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Wanyue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430056, China; (S.L.); (L.L.); (C.S.); (W.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430056, China
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Bullying Across Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: A Prospective Cohort of Students Assessed Annually From Grades 3 to 8. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:344-351. [PMID: 33096287 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bullying is a well-established risk factor for common adolescent mental disorders. Yet there has been little published on how patterns of bullying change across late childhood and early adolescence. We estimated the prevalence and patterns of being a victim of bullying across this period including changes with the transition from primary to secondary school. METHODS A stratified random sample of 1239 Grade 3 students was recruited from 43 primary schools in Melbourne, Australia. Bullying frequency and form were assessed annually between Grades 3 and 8, and categorized into 5 groups: physical, verbal, spreading rumors, social exclusion, and cyber, together with multiform bullying. RESULTS Rates of bullying were high across these Grades with 86% of students reporting bullying at least once in the past 4 weeks at any wave, 66% reporting frequent bullying and 37% reporting frequent multiform bullying. The commonest form of bullying was teasing, with cyberbullying the least common. For boys, there were marked falls in bullying with increasing age whereas for girls, bullying persisted at high levels into secondary school, with relational bullying the dominant pattern and cyberbullying increasing sharply in the early teens. Generally, the transition to secondary education brought lower risks for all forms of bullying. CONCLUSIONS We found high rates of bullying across late childhood and early adolescence in both sexes, but more persistent bullying in girls. Declines across primary school and with the transition to secondary school suggest the potential for intervention across these grades to further reduce the prevalence of bullying.
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