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Gibon E, Takakubo Y, Zwingenberger S, Gallo J, Takagi M, Goodman SB. Friend or foe? Inflammation and the foreign body response to orthopedic biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1172-1187. [PMID: 37656958 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials and implants for joint replacement, fracture fixation, spinal stabilization and other orthopedic indications has revolutionized patient care by reliably decreasing pain and improving function. These surgical procedures always invoke an acute inflammatory reaction initially, that in most cases, readily subsides. Occasionally, chronic inflammation around the implant develops and persists; this results in unremitting pain and compromises function. The etiology of chronic inflammation may be specific, such as with infection, or be unknown. The histological hallmarks of chronic inflammation include activated macrophages, fibroblasts, T cell subsets, and other cells of the innate immune system. The presence of cells of the adaptive immune system usually indicates allergic reactions to metallic haptens. A foreign body reaction is composed of activated macrophages, giant cells, fibroblasts, and other cells often distributed in a characteristic histological arrangement; this reaction is usually due to particulate debris and other byproducts from the biomaterials used in the implant. Both chronic inflammation and the foreign body response have adverse biological effects on the integration of the implant with the surrounding tissues. Strategies to mitigate chronic inflammation and the foreign body response will enhance the initial incorporation and longevity of the implant, and thereby, improve long-term pain relief and overall function for the patient. The seminal research performed in the laboratory of Dr. James Anderson and co-workers has provided an inspirational and driving force for our laboratory's work on the interactions and crosstalk among cells of the mesenchymal, immune, and vascular lineages, and orthopedic biomaterials. Dr. Anderson's delineation of the fundamental biologic processes and mechanisms underlying acute and chronic inflammation, the foreign body response, resolution, and eventual functional integration of implants in different organ systems has provided researchers with a strategic approach to the use of biomaterials to improve health in numerous clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gibon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuya Takakubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center for Orthopaedics, Traumatology, and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and (by courtesy) Bioengineering, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, California, USA
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Zhao L, Uchtman M, Aretakis A, Selberg C, McCarthy JJ, Whitlock PW. Maintenance of acetabular correction following PAO: a multicenter study comparing stainless-steel and titanium screws. J Hip Preserv Surg 2024; 11:140-143. [PMID: 39070209 PMCID: PMC11272636 DOI: 10.1093/jhps/hnae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Stainless-steel screws are commonly used for fragment fixation during periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) at our institutions. Titanium is reserved for patients with documented nickel allergies. Titanium screws possess a significantly lower Young's modulus than stainless steel and, therefore, potentially less resistance to physiologic loading. Thus, we hypothesized that the use of titanium screws might be associated with changes in acetabular correction prior to healing. The aim of this study was to compare the maintenance of acetabular correction following PAO using stainless-steel or titanium screws. A documented nickel allergy was confirmed with an allergy specialist. Patients' age at surgery, gender and BMI were collected. The lateral center-edge angle of Wiberg (LCEA), medial center-edge angle (MCEA), anterior wall index (AWI), posterior wall index (PWI) and Tönnis angle were measured. The delta value for radiographic parameters was calculated as the difference between values immediately post-operation and at 6 months post-operation. Only age at surgery (P < 0.001) and the pre-operative LCEA (P = 0.013) were significantly different between groups (Tables I and II). The remaining pre- and post-operative radiological measurements were similar (Table II). Comparison of delta values at 6 months follow-up indicated no significant differences between screw types (Table III). No patients in the titanium group had a trans-iliac retrograde screw included in their construct (P = 0.003). All patients healed from their osteotomies. The use of titanium screws in patients with an allergy to nickel was not associated with differences in acetabular correction or the rate of osseous union rates despite its lower inherent mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Molly Uchtman
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Alexander Aretakis
- Orthopaedics Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, Aurora 80045, USA
| | - Courtney Selberg
- Orthopaedics Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13123 E 16th Ave, Aurora, Aurora 80045, USA
| | - James J McCarthy
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Patrick W Whitlock
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
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Kandaswamy E, Harsha M, Joshi VM. Titanium corrosion products from dental implants and their effect on cells and cytokine release: A review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127464. [PMID: 38703537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Titanium is considered to be an inert material owing to the ability of the material to form a passive titanium oxide layer. However, once the titanium oxide layer is lost, it can lead to exposure of the underlying titanium substructure and can undergo corrosion. SUMMARY The article explores the role of titanium ions and particles from dental implants on cells, cytokine release, and on the systemic redistribution of these particles as well as theories proposed to elucidate the effects of these particles on peri-implant inflammation based on evidence from in-vitro, human, and animal studies. Titanium particles and ions have a pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect on cells and promote the release of pro-inflammatory mediators like cytokines. Three theories to explain etiopathogenesis have been proposed, one based on microbial dysbiosis, the second based on titanium particles and ions and the third based on a synergistic effect between microbiome and titanium particles on the host. CONCLUSION There is clear evidence from in-vitro and limited human and animal studies that titanium particles released from dental implants have a detrimental effect on cells directly and through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Future clinical and translational studies are required to clarify the role of titanium particles and ions in peri-implant inflammation and the etiopathogenesis of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswar Kandaswamy
- Department of Periodontics, LSUHSC, School of Dentistry, 100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - M Harsha
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Yogita Dental College & Hospital, Naringi Riverside, At Post Tal Dist. SH104, Khed, Maharashtra 415709, India
| | - Vinayak M Joshi
- Department of Periodontics, LSUHSC, School of Dentistry, 100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
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Yang J, Gong X, Li T, Xia Z, He R, Song X, Wang X, Wu J, Chen J, Wang F, Xiong R, Lin Y, Chen G, Yang L, Cai K. Tantalum Particles Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization and Regulate Local Bone Metabolism via Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Influencing the Fates of BMSCs. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303814. [PMID: 38497832 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the regulatory role and mechanisms of tantalum (Ta) particles in the bone tissue microenvironment are explored. Ta particle deposition occurs in both clinical samples and animal tissues following porous Ta implantation. Unlike titanium (Ti) particles promoting M1 macrophage (Mϕ) polarization, Ta particles regulating calcium signaling pathways and promoting M2 Mϕ polarization. Ta-induced M2 Mϕ enhances bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation through exosomes (Exo) by upregulating miR-378a-3p/miR-221-5p and downregulating miR-155-5p/miR-212-5p. Ta particles suppress the pro-inflammatory and bone resorption effects of Ti particles in vivo and in vitro. In a rat femoral condyle bone defect model, artificial bone loaded with Ta particles promotes endogenous Mϕ polarization toward M2 differentiation at the defect site, accelerating bone repair. In conclusion, Ta particles modulate Mϕ polarization toward M2 and influence BMSCs osteogenic capacity through Exo secreted by M2 Mϕ, providing insights for potential bone repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Gong
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tao Li
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zengzilu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Rui He
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiongbo Song
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Center of Biomedical Analysis, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fangzheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ran Xiong
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yangjing Lin
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guangxing Chen
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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Chen Y, Luo Z, Meng W, Liu K, Chen Q, Cai Y, Ding Z, Huang C, Zhou Z, Jiang M, Zhou L. Decoding the "Fingerprint" of Implant Materials: Insights into the Foreign Body Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310325. [PMID: 38191783 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Foreign body reaction (FBR) is a prevalent yet often overlooked pathological phenomenon, particularly within the field of biomedical implantation. The presence of FBR poses a heavy burden on both the medical and socioeconomic systems. This review seeks to elucidate the protein "fingerprint" of implant materials, which is generated by the physiochemical properties of the implant materials themselves. In this review, the activity of macrophages, the formation of foreign body giant cells (FBGCs), and the development of fibrosis capsules in the context of FBR are introduced. Additionally, the relationship between various implant materials and FBR is elucidated in detail, as is an overview of the existing approaches and technologies employed to alleviate FBR. Finally, the significance of implant components (metallic materials and non-metallic materials), surface CHEMISTRY (charge and wettability), and physical characteristics (topography, roughness, and stiffness) in establishing the protein "fingerprint" of implant materials is also well documented. In conclusion, this review aims to emphasize the importance of FBR on implant materials and provides the current perspectives and approaches in developing implant materials with anti-FBR properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmengfan Chen
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zeyu Luo
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Weikun Meng
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiqing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Yongrui Cai
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zichuan Ding
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Orthopedic Research Institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Emergency and Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Liqiang Zhou
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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Giri PS, Rath SN. Macrophage Polarization Dynamics in Biomaterials: Implications for in Vitro Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2413-2422. [PMID: 38536097 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between biomaterials and the immune system plays a pivotal role in determining the success or failure of implantable devices. Macrophages, as key orchestrators of immune responses, exhibit diverse reactions that influence tissue integration or lead to implant failure. This study focuses on unraveling the intricate relationship between macrophage phenotypes and biomaterials, specifically hydrogels, by employing THP-1 cells as a model. Through a comprehensive investigation using polysaccharide, polymer, and protein-based hydrogels, our research sheds light on how the properties of hydrogels influence macrophage polarization. Phenotypic observations, biochemical assays, surface marker expression, and gene expression profiles collectively demonstrate the differential macrophage polarization abilities of polysaccharide-, polymer-, and protein-based hydrogels. Moreover, our indirect coculture studies reveal that hydrogels fostering M2 polarization exhibit exceptional wound-healing capabilities. These findings highlight the crucial role of the hydrogel microenvironment in adjusting macrophage polarization, offering a fresh avenue for refining biomaterials to bolster advantageous immune responses and improve tissue integration. This research contributes valuable insights for designing biomaterials with tailored properties that can guide macrophage behavior, ultimately improving the overall success of implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Shankar Giri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284 Telangana, India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284 Telangana, India
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Jiang H, Wang Y, Tang Z, Peng X, Li C, Dang Y, Ma R. Calycosin alleviates titanium particle-induced osteolysis by modulating macrophage polarization and subsequent osteogenic differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18157. [PMID: 38494857 PMCID: PMC10945085 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO) caused by wear particles is one of the leading causes of implant failure after arthroplasty. Macrophage polarization imbalance and subsequent osteogenic inhibition play a crucial role in PPO. Calycosin (CA) is a compound with anti-inflammatory and osteoprotective properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CA on titanium (Ti) particle-induced osteolysis, Ti particle-induced macrophage polarization and subsequent osteogenic deficits, and explore the associated signalling pathways in a Ti particle-stimulated calvarial osteolysis mouse model using micro-CT, ELISA, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and western blot techniques. The results showed that CA alleviated inflammation, osteogenic inhibition and osteolysis in the Ti particle-induced calvarial osteolysis mouse model in vivo. In vitro experiments showed that CA suppressed Ti-induced M1 macrophage polarization, promoted M2 macrophage polarization and ultimately enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, CA alleviated osteogenic deficits by regulating macrophage polarization homeostasis via the NF-κB signalling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. All these findings suggest that CA may prove to be an effective therapeutic agent for wear particle-induced osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhao Tang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xianjiang Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's HospitalAffiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's HospitalAffiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yangjie Dang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's HospitalAffiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's HospitalAffiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Güney Z, Karacaoglu F, Barıs E, Gezer KG, Akkaya MM. The relationship of peri-implant soft tissue wound healing with implant cover screw design: Cross-sectional study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024; 26:299-308. [PMID: 37712118 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental implants are frequently preferred method for oral rehabilitation all over the world. The incidence of various complications such as incorrect prosthesis, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis is high; premature loss of implants is encountered due to osteointegration process not being completed for some unexplained reasons. However, there is no study in the literature examining the nonfunctional period of implants. Closure screws of different implant companies have different designs like surface properties, and areas, where closure screws sit, are important reservoirs for microorganism colonization. Our study aims to evaluate the inflammatory response, epithelial maturation, and epithelial-connective tissue interaction around closure screws. METHODS For this purpose, 52 implants belonging to five different implant companies were included in the study. Tissues removed over the cover screw during fitting of healing caps were used as biopsy material and for epithelial proliferation Ki-67, for epithelium-connective tissue interaction Syndecan-1, and for macrophage activation CD-68 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes were performed to evaluate the presence of gap between the implant and the cover screw. RESULTS As a result of our study, intensity of subepithelial inflammation between groups wasn't statistically different. Differences in CD-68 and Syndecan-1 levels were obtained at the lamina propria level. H score of CD-68 was statistically significantly different in epithelium (p = 0.032), and H score of Syndecan-1 was different in lamina propria (p = 0.022). There wasn't a statistically significant difference between the groups for Ki-67 (p = 0.151). CONCLUSION Our study results indicate that in addition to the implant surface morphology, the design of the closure screws is important in the inflammatory response and epithelial maturation that develops during wound healing. Although the inflammatory response is required for healing, osteointegration, and implant survival, further investigation is needed to investigate the relationship between initial neck resorption and closure screws with radiographic and microbiological examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Güney
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Karacaoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Barıs
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - K Gökalp Gezer
- Güngören Oral and Dental Health Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Murat Akkaya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Rahnama-Hezavah M, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Skiba J, Krawiec K, Łobacz M, Grywalska E. How Can Imbalance in Oral Microbiota and Immune Response Lead to Dental Implant Problems? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17620. [PMID: 38139449 PMCID: PMC10743591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implantology is one of the most dynamically developing fields of dentistry, which, despite developing clinical knowledge and new technologies, is still associated with many complications that may lead to the loss of the implant or the development of the disease, including peri-implantitis. One of the reasons for this condition may be the fact that dental implants cannot yield a proper osseointegration process due to the development of oral microbiota dysbiosis and the accompanying inflammation caused by immunological imbalance. This study aims to present current knowledge as to the impact of oral microflora dysbiosis and deregulation of the immune system on the course of failures observed in dental implantology. Evidence points to a strong correlation between these biological disturbances and implant complications, often stemming from improper osseointegration, pathogenic biofilms on implants, as well as an exacerbated inflammatory response. Technological enhancements in implant design may mitigate pathogen colonization and inflammation, underscoring implant success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
- Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.R.-H.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Julia Skiba
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karol Krawiec
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Łobacz
- Chair and Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.R.-H.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (S.M.); (E.G.)
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Spinell T, Kröger A, Freitag L, Würfl G, Lauseker M, Hickel R, Kebschull M. Dental implant material related changes in molecular signatures in peri-implantitis - A systematic review of omics in-vivo studies. Dent Mater 2023; 39:1150-1158. [PMID: 37839998 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Titanium particles have been shown in in-vitro studies to lead to the activation of specific pathways, this work aims to systematically review in- vivo studies examining peri-implant and periodontal tissues at the transcriptome, proteome, epigenome and genome level to reveal implant material-related processes favoring peri-implantitis development investigated in animal and human trials. METHODS Inquiring three literature databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane) a systematic search based on a priori defined PICOs was conducted: '-omics' studies comparing molecular signatures in healthy and infected peri-implant sites and/or healthy and periodontitis-affected teeth in animals/humans. After risk of bias assessments, lists of differentially expressed genes and results of functional enrichment analyses were compiled whenever possible. RESULTS Out of 2187 screened articles 9 publications were deemed eligible. Both healthy and inflamed peri-implant tissues showed distinct gene expression patterns compared to healthy/diseased periodontal tissues in animal (n = 4) or human studies (n = 5), with immune response, bone metabolism and oxidative stress being affected the most. Due to the lack of available re-analyzable data and inconsistency in methodology of the eligible studies, integrative analyses on differential gene expression were not applicable CONCLUSION: The differences of transcriptomic signatures in between peri-implant lesions compared to periodontal tissue might be related to titanium particles arising from dental implants and are in line with the in-vitro data recently published by our group. Nevertheless, limitations emerge from small sample sizes of included studies and insufficient publication of re-analyzable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Spinell
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Kröger
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lena Freitag
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Kebschull
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University Collegeof Dental Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Parisi L, Bianchi MG, Ghezzi B, Maurizi E, Macaluso GM, Bussolati O, Lumetti S. Preparation of human primary macrophages to study the polarization from monocyte-derived macrophages to pro- or anti-inflammatory macrophages at biomaterial interface in vitro. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1630-1637. [PMID: 37799917 PMCID: PMC10547954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Testing of dental materials when in contact with innate immune cells has been so far hindered by the lack of proper in vitro models. Human primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) would be an excellent option to this aim. However, the inability to detach them from the tissue culture plates contrast the possibility to culture them on biomaterials. The goal of the present work is to present and validate an innovative protocol to obtain MDMs from peripheral blood monocytes, and to reseed them in contact with biomaterials without altering their viability and phenotype. Materials and methods We differentiated MDMs on ultra-low attachment tissue culture plastics and recovered them with specific detachment solution in order to be reseeded on a secondary substrate. Therefore, using biological assays (RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence) we compared their phenotype to MDMs differentiated on standard culture plates. Results Transferred MDMs keep their differentiated M0 resting state, as well as the ability to be polarized into M1 (pro-inflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages. Conclusion These data provide the dental material research community the unprecedented possibility to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of biomaterials for dental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Parisi
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Massimiliano Giovanni Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ghezzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maurizi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine “S.Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Guido Maria Macaluso
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Lumetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy
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12
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Sun Z, Kang J, Yang S, Zhang Y, Huang N, Zhang X, Du G, Jiang J, Ning B. CD73 inhibits titanium particle-associated aseptic loosening by alternating activation of macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110561. [PMID: 37451018 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Aseptic inflammation is a major cause of late failure in total joint arthroplasty, and the primary factor contributing to the development and perpetuation of aseptic inflammation is classical macrophage activation (M1 phenotype polarization) induced by wear particles. CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) is an immunosuppressive factor that establishes an adenosine-induced anti-inflammatory environment. Although CD73 has been shown to suppress inflammation by promoting alternate macrophage activation (M2 phenotype polarization), its role in wear particle-induced aseptic inflammation is currently unknown. Our experiments were based on metabolomic assay results in a mouse model of aseptic loosening, and studied the function of CD73 in vivo and in vitro using a mouse aseptic loosening model and a mouse bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) inflammation model. Results show that aseptic loosening (AL) reduces the purine metabolic pathway and decreases the native expression of the metabolite adenosine. In vivo, CD73 expression was low in the bone tissue surrounding the titanium nail and synovial-like interface tissue, while in vitro experiments demonstrated that CD73 knockdown promoted titanium particles-induced aseptic inflammation. CD73 overexpression mitigated the titanium particle-mediated enhancement of LPS-induced M1 polarization while promoting the titanium particle-mediated attenuation of IL-4-induced M2 polarization. In BMDM exposed to titanium particles, CD73 promotes M2 polarization via the p38 pathway. Meanwhile, local injection of recombinant mouse CD73 protein slightly alleviated the progression of AL. Collectively, our data suggest that CD73 alleviates the process of AL, and this function is achieved by promoting alternate activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfang Sun
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianning Kang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuye Yang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nana Huang
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gangqiang Du
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianhao Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Bin Ning
- Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Department of Spinal Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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13
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Pondman K, Le Gac S, Kishore U. Nanoparticle-induced immune response: Health risk versus treatment opportunity? Immunobiology 2023; 228:152317. [PMID: 36592542 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are not only employed in many biomedical applications in an engineered form, but also occur in our environment, in a more hazardous form. NPs interact with the immune system through various pathways and can lead to a myriad of different scenarios, ranging from their quiet removal from circulation by macrophages without any impact for the body, to systemic inflammatory effects and immuno-toxicity. In the latter case, the function of the immune system is affected by the presence of NPs. This review describes, how both the innate and adaptive immune system are involved in interactions with NPs, together with the models used to analyse these interactions. These models vary between simple 2D in vitro models, to in vivo animal models, and also include complex all human organ on chip models which are able to recapitulate more accurately the interaction in the in vivo situation. Thereafter, commonly encountered NPs in both the environment and in biomedical applications and their possible effects on the immune system are discussed in more detail. Not all effects of NPs on the immune system are detrimental; in the final section, we review several promising strategies in which the immune response towards NPs can be exploited to suit specific applications such as vaccination and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Pondman
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology & TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK; Department of Veterinary Medicine, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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14
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Li S, Wu C, Lin S, Wen Z, Luo W, Li C, Wang X, Li X, Gao L, Ding Y. HUCMSC-derived Exosomes Suppress the Titanium Particles-induced Osteolysis in Mice through Inhibiting CCL2 and CCL3. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:888-898. [PMID: 36720704 PMCID: PMC9977603 DOI: 10.1111/os.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wear particles induce inflammation and the further osteolysis around the prosthesis, has been proven to be the main cause of aseptic hip joint loosening. In this research, we aimed to clarify whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) could inhibit the titanium particles-induced osteolysis and shed light upon its mechanism. METHODS The expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) were examinjed in clinical specimens of aseptic hip prosthesis loosening patients. Local injection of lentivirus that knocked down CCL2 or CCL3 in a cranial osteolysis mice model were used to exam the effect of CCL2 and CCL3 on titanium particles-induced osteolysis in vivo. Transwell assay was used to examine the effect of CCL2 and CCL3 on titanium particles-induced activation of macrophage in vitro. Furthermore, the therapeutic effect of HUCMSCs, and exosomes from HUCMSCs were also examed in vivo and vitro. Immunohistochemical and real-time PCR were used to examine the expression of relative pathways. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc t test were used to analyze the results and determine the statistical significance of the differences. RESULTS Results showed that titanium particles caused the osteolysis at the mice cranial in vivo and a large number of macrophages that migrated, while local injection of HUCMSCs and exosomes did inhibit the cranial osteolysis and migration. An exosome inhibitor GW4869 significantly increased the osteolysis area in the mice cranium osteolysis model, and increased the number of migrated macrophages. Immunohistochemical results suggested that the expression of CCL2, CCL3 and CD68 in the cranial in Titanium particles mice increased significantly, but was significantly reduced by HUCMSCs or exosomes. HUCMSC and exosomes down-regulate the expression of CCL3 in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION HUCMSCs and HUCMSC-derived exosomes could suppress the titanium particles-induced osteolysis in mice through inhibiting chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuangran Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sipeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenkang Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenqiang Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Guangzhou Saliai Stem Cell Science and Technology Co., LTDGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuejia Li
- Guangzhou Saliai Stem Cell Science and Technology Co., LTDGuangzhouChina
| | - Liangbin Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgerySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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15
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Freitag L, Spinell T, Kröger A, Würfl G, Lauseker M, Hickel R, Kebschull M. Dental implant material related changes in molecular signatures in peri-implantitis - A systematic review and integrative analysis of omics in-vitro studies. Dent Mater 2023; 39:101-113. [PMID: 36526446 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since peri-implantitis differs clinically and histopathologically from periodontitis, implant wear debris is considered to play a role in the destructive processes. This work aims to systematically review if titanium particles affect oral-related cells through changes in molecular signatures (e.g., transcriptome, proteome, epigenome), thereby promoting peri-implantitis. METHODS Leveraging three literature databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane) a systematic search based on a priori defined PICOs was conducted: '-omics' studies examining titanium exposure in oral-related cells. After risk of bias assessments, lists of differentially expressed genes, proteins, and results of functional enrichment analyses were compiled. The significance of overlapping genes across multiple studies was assessed via Monte Carlo simulation and their ranking was verified using rank aggregation. RESULTS Out of 2104 screened articles we found 12 eligible publications. A significant overlap of gene expression in oral-related cells exposed to titanium particles was found in four studies. Furthermore, changes in biological processes like immune/inflammatory or stress response as well as toll-like receptor (TLR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were linked to titanium in transcriptome and proteome studies. Epigenetic changes caused by titanium were detected but inconsistent. CONCLUSION An influence of titanium implant wear debris on the development and progression of peri-implantitis is plausible but needs to be proven in further studies. Limitations arise from small sample sizes of included studies and insufficient publication of re-analyzable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Freitag
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Spinell
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Annika Kröger
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Michael Lauseker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Kebschull
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Pitchai M, Ipe D, Tadakamadla S, Hamlet S. Titanium Implant Surface Effects on Adherent Macrophage Phenotype: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7314. [PMID: 36295379 PMCID: PMC9609829 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Immunomodulatory biomaterials have the potential to stimulate an immune response able to promote constructive and functional tissue remodeling responses as opposed to persistent inflammation and scar tissue formation. As such, the controlled activation of macrophages and modulation of their phenotype through implant surface modification has emerged as a key therapeutic strategy. METHODS Online databases were searched for in vitro studies between January 1991 and June 2020 which examined the effect of titanium implant surface topography on the adherent macrophage phenotype at either the gene or protein level. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies were subsequently included for review. Although there was significant heterogeneity between studies, treatment of titanium surfaces increased the surface roughness or hydrophilicity, and hence increased macrophage attachment but decreased cell spreading. Physical coating of the titanium surface also tended to promote the formation of cell clusters. Titanium and titanium-zirconium alloy with a micro- or nano-scale rough topography combined with a hydrophilic surface chemistry were the most effective surfaces for inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype in adherent macrophages, as indicated by significant changes in cytokine gene expression and or cytokine secretion profiles. CONCLUSIONS The published data support the hypothesis that incorporation of specific topographical and physiochemical surface modifications to titanium can modulate the phenotypic response of adherent macrophages.
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17
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Evaluation of the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by titanium particles released during implantoplasty of dental implants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15790. [PMID: 36138061 PMCID: PMC9500064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantoplasty is a mechanical decontamination technique that consists of removing the threads and polishing and smoothing the dental implant surface. During implantoplasty there is a large release of titanium metal particles that might provoke a proinflammatory response and reduce the viability of osteogenic cells. We analyze the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by Ti6Al4V particles released during implantoplasty and by as-received commercially pure Ti particles. Macrophages stimulated with metal particles obtained by implantoplasty and with as-received Ti particles showed an increased proinflammatory expression of TNF-α and a decreased expression of TGF-β and CD206. Regarding cytokine release, there was an increase in IL-1β, while IL-10 decreased. The osteogenic response of Ti6Al4V extracts showed a significant decrease in Runx2 and OC expression compared to the controls and commercially pure Ti extracts. There were no relevant changes in ALP activity. Thus, implantoplasty releases metal particles that seems to induce a pro-inflammatory response and reduce the expression of osteogenic markers.
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18
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Cao J, Ma X, Liu L, Zhang G, Wu Y, Fu Y, Gong A, Yang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li Y. Cortistatin attenuates titanium particle-induced osteolysis through regulation of TNFR1-ROS-caspase-3 signaling in osteoblasts. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1513:140-152. [PMID: 35419858 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is a major complication of prosthetic joint surgery and is associated with impaired osteoblast homeostasis. Cortistatin (CST) is a neuropeptide that protects against inflammatory conditions. In this study, we found that expression of CST was diminished in patients with prosthetic joint loosening and in titanium (Ti) particle-induced animal models. A Ti particle-induced calvarial osteolysis model was established in wild-type and CST gene knockout mice; CST deficiency enhanced, while exogenously added CST attenuated, the severity of Ti particle-mediated osteolysis. CST protected against inflammation as well as apoptosis and maintained the osteogenic function of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts upon stimulation with Ti particles. Furthermore, CST antagonized reactive oxygen species production and suppressed caspase-3-associated apoptosis mediated by Ti particles in osteoblasts. Additionally, CST protects against Ti particle-induced osteolysis through tumor necrosis factor receptor 1. Taken together, CST might provide a therapeutic strategy for wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Cao
- Department of Pain, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Gaorui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Wu
- Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Ao Gong
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Zhongbo Yang
- Shandong Yellow River Hospital, Yellow River Shandong Bureau, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, P. R. China.,Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
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19
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Mills JA, Liu F, Jarrett TR, Fletcher NL, Thurecht KJ. Nanoparticle based medicines: approaches for evading and manipulating the mononuclear phagocyte system and potential for clinical translation. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3029-3053. [PMID: 35419582 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00181k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For decades, nanomedicines have been reported as a potential means to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems by reducing side effects, toxicity and the non-ideal pharmacokinetic behaviour typically exhibited by small molecule drugs. However, upon administration many nanoparticles prompt induction of host inflammatory responses due to recognition and uptake by macrophages, eliminating up to 95% of the administered dose. While significant advances in nanoparticle engineering and consequent therapeutic efficacy have been made, it is becoming clear that nanoparticle recognition by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) poses an impassable junction in the current framework of nanoparticle development. Hence, this has negative consequences on the clinical translation of nanotechnology with respect to therapeutic efficacy, systemic toxicity and economic benefit. In order to improve the translation of nanomedicines from bench-to-bedside, there is a requirement to either modify nanomedicines in terms of how they interact with intrinsic processes in the body, or modulate the body to be more accommodating for nanomedicine treatments. Here we provide an overview of the current standard for design elements of nanoparticles, as well as factors to consider when producing nanomedicines that have minimal MPS-nanoparticle interactions; we explore this landscape across the cellular to tissue and organ levels. Further, rather than designing materials to suit the body, a growing research niche involves modulating biological responses to administered nanomaterials. We here discuss how developing strategic methods of MPS 'pre-conditioning' with small molecule or biological drugs, as well as implementing strategic dosing regimens, such as 'decoy' nanoparticles, is essential to increasing nanoparticle therapeutic efficacy. By adopting such a perspective, we hope to highlight the increasing trends in research dedicated to improving nanomedicine translation, and subsequently making a positive clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Mills
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia
| | - Feifei Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
| | - Thomas R Jarrett
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
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20
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Wang S, Lu M, Wang W, Yu S, Yu R, Cai C, Li Y, Shi Z, Zou J, He M, Xie W, Yu D, Jin H, Li H, Xiao W, Fan C, Wu F, Li Y, Liu S. Macrophage Polarization Modulated by NF-κB in Polylactide Membranes-Treated Peritendinous Adhesion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104112. [PMID: 34816589 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Foreign body reactions (FBR) to implants seriously impair tissue-implant integration and postoperative adhesion. The macrophage, owing to its phenotypic plasticity, is a major regulator in the formation of the inflammatory microenvironment; NF-κB signaling also plays a vital role in the process. It is hypothesized that NF-κB phosphorylation exerts a proinflammatory regulator in FBR to polylactide membranes (PLA-M) and adhesion. First, in vitro and in vivo experiments show that PLA-M induces NF-κB phosphorylation in macrophages, leading to M1 polarization and release of inflammatory factors. The inflammatory microenvironment formed due to PLA-M accelerates myofibroblast differentiation and release of collagen III and MMP2, jointly resulting in peritendinous adhesion. Therefore, JSH-23 (a selective NF-κB inhibitor)-loaded PLA membrane (JSH-23/PLA-M) is fabricated by blend electrospinning to regulate the associated M1 polarization for peritendinous anti-adhesion. JSH-23/PLA-M specifically inhibits NF-κB phosphorylation in macrophages and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion properties. The findings demonstrate that NF-κB phosphorylation has a critical role in PLA-induced M1 polarization and aggravating FBR to PLA-M. Additionally, JSH-23/PLA-M precisely targets modulation of NF-κB phosphorylation in FBR to break the vicious cycle in peritendinous adhesion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Mingkuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ruyue Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chuandong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuange Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhongmin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Dengjie Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hongfu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Fei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China
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21
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Rakic M, Radunovic M, Petkovic-Curcin A, Tatic Z, Basta-Jovanovic G, Sanz M. Study on the immunopathological effect of titanium particles in peri-implantitis granulation tissue: a case-control study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2022; 33:656-666. [PMID: 35344630 PMCID: PMC9321593 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To identify titanium particles (TPs) in biopsy specimens harvested from peri‐implantitis lesions and secondarily to study the histopathological characteristics in peri‐implantitis compared to periodontitis, in order to evaluate whether the presence of TPs could alter respective inflammatory patterns. Material and methods Biopsies containing granulation tissue were harvested during routine surgical treatment in 39 peri‐implantitis cases and 35 periodontitis controls. Serial sections were obtained using titanium‐free microtome blades. The first and last sections of the peri‐implantitis specimens were used for identification of TPs by scanning electron microscopy coupled with dispersive X‐ray spectrometry. Intermediate sections and periodontitis specimens were processed for descriptive histological study using haematoxylin–eosin staining and for immunohistochemical analysis using CD68, IL‐6, Nf‐kB and VEGF markers. Results TPs were identified in all peri‐implantitis specimens as free metal bodies interspersed within granulation tissue. However, presence of macrophages or multinucleated giant cells engulfing the TPs were not identified in any specimen. Peri‐implantitis granulations were characterized by a chronic inflammatory infiltrate rich in neutrophils. About half of peri‐implantitis patients exhibited a subacute infiltrate characterized with lymphocytes interweaved with neutrophils and eosinophils. When compared to periodontitis, peri‐implantitis tissues showed higher proportions of macrophages and a more intense neovascularization, based on significantly higher expression of CD68 and VEGF respectively. Conclusion TPs were identified in all peri‐implantitis specimens, but without evidencing any foreign body reaction suggestive for direct pathological effects of TPs. The peri‐implantitis granulation tissue was characterized by intense neovascularization and presence of a chronic inflammatory infiltrate dominated by plasma cells, neutrophils and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Rakic
- Facultad de Odontologia, Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Milena Radunovic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Mariano Sanz
- Facultad de Odontologia, Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Goodman SB, Gibon E, Gallo J, Takagi M. Macrophage Polarization and the Osteoimmunology of Periprosthetic Osteolysis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:43-52. [PMID: 35133558 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Joint replacement has revolutionized the treatment of end-stage arthritis. We highlight the key role of macrophages in the innate immune system in helping to ensure that the prosthesis-host interface remains biologically robust. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoimmunology is of great interest to researchers investigating the fundamental biological and material aspects of joint replacement. Constant communication between cells of the monocyte/macrophage/osteoclast lineage and the mesenchymal stem cell-osteoblast lineage determines whether a durable prosthesis-implant interface is obtained, or whether implant loosening occurs. Tissue and circulating monocytes/macrophages provide local surveillance of stimuli such as the presence of byproducts of wear and can quickly polarize to pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes to re-establish tissue homeostasis. When these mechanisms fail, periprosthetic osteolysis results in progressive bone loss and painful failure of mechanical fixation. Immune modulation of the periprosthetic microenvironment is a potential intervention to facilitate long-term durability of prosthetic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart B Goodman
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Emmanuel Gibon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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23
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Silva-Bermudez LS, Sevastyanova TN, Schmuttermaier C, De La Torre C, Schumacher L, Klüter H, Kzhyshkowska J. Titanium Nanoparticles Enhance Production and Suppress Stabilin-1-Mediated Clearance of GDF-15 in Human Primary Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:760577. [PMID: 34975851 PMCID: PMC8714923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.760577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key innate immune cells that mediate implant acceptance or rejection. Titanium implants degrade over time inside the body, which results in the release of implant wear-off particles. Titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs) favor pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization (M1) and lower tolerogenic activation (M2). GDF-15 regulates immune tolerance and fibrosis and is endocytosed by stabilin-1. How TiNPs affect the healing activities of macrophages and their release of circulating cytokines is an open question in regenerative medicine. In this study for the first time, we identified the transcriptional program induced and suppressed by TiNPs in human pro-inflammatory and healing macrophages. Microarray analysis revealed that TiNPs altered the expression of 5098 genes in M1 (IFN-γ-stimulated) and 4380 genes in M2 (IL-4–stimulated) macrophages. 1980 genes were differentially regulated in both M1 and M2. Affymetrix analysis, confirmed by RT-PCR, demonstrated that TiNPs upregulate expression of GDF-15 and suppress stabilin-1, scavenger receptor of GDF-15. TiNPs also significantly stimulated GDF-15 protein secretion in inflammatory and healing macrophages. Flow cytometry demonstrated, that scavenging activity of stabilin-1 was significantly suppressed by TiNPs. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that TiNPs impair internalization of stabilin-1 ligand acLDL and its transport to the endocytic pathway. Our data demonstrate that TiNPs have a dual effect on the GDF-15/stabilin-1 interaction in macrophage system, by increasing the production of GDF-15 and suppressing stabilin-1-mediated clearance function. In summary, this process can result in a significant increase of GDF-15 in the extracellular space and in circulation leading to unbalanced pro-fibrotic reactions and implant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina S. Silva-Bermudez
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tatyana N. Sevastyanova
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christina Schmuttermaier
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- Microarray Analytics – NGS Core Facility (IKC), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Leonie Schumacher
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
- *Correspondence: Julia Kzhyshkowska,
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24
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Physicochemical and Biological Characterization of Ti6Al4V Particles Obtained by Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study. Part I. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216507. [PMID: 34772034 PMCID: PMC8585232 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantoplasty is a mechanical decontamination technique that consists of polishing the supra-osseous component of the dental implant with peri-implantitis. This technique releases metal particles in the form of metal swarf and dust into the peri-implant environment. In the present in vitro study, the following physicochemical characterization tests were carried out: specific surface area, granulometry, contact angle, crystalline structure, morphology, and ion release. Besides, cytotoxicity was in turn evaluated by determining the fibroblastic and osteoblastic cell viability. As a result, the metal debris obtained by implantoplasty presented an equivalent diameter value of 159 µm (range 6–1850 µm) and a specific surface area of 0.3 m2/g on average. The particle had a plate-like shape of different sizes. The release of vanadium ions in Hank’s solution at 37 °C showed no signs of stabilization and was greater than that of titanium and aluminum ions, which means that the alloy suffers from a degradation. The particles exhibited cytotoxic effects upon human osteoblastic and fibroblastic cells in the whole extract. In conclusion, metal debris released by implantoplasty showed different sizes, surface structures and shapes. Vanadium ion levels were higher than that those of the other metal ions, and cell viability assays showed that these particles produce a significant loss of cytocompatibility on osteoblasts and fibroblasts, which means that the main cells of the peri-implant tissues might be injured.
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25
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He Y, de Araújo Júnior RF, Cruz LJ, Eich C. Functionalized Nanoparticles Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1670. [PMID: 34683963 PMCID: PMC8540805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in regulating antitumor immune responses. As an important part of the TME, alternatively activated type 2 (M2) macrophages drive the development of primary and secondary tumors by promoting tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling and overall immunosuppression. Immunotherapy approaches targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in order to reduce the immunosuppressive state in the TME have received great attention. Although these methods hold great potential for the treatment of several cancers, they also face some limitations, such as the fast degradation rate of drugs and drug-induced cytotoxicity of organs and tissues. Nanomedicine formulations that prevent TAM signaling and recruitment to the TME or deplete M2 TAMs to reduce tumor growth and metastasis represent encouraging novel strategies in cancer therapy. They allow the specific delivery of antitumor drugs to the tumor area, thereby reducing side effects associated with systemic application. In this review, we give an overview of TAM biology and the current state of nanomedicines that target M2 macrophages in the course of cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on nanoparticles (NPs). We summarize how different types of NPs target M2 TAMs, and how the physicochemical properties of NPs (size, shape, charge and targeting ligands) influence NP uptake by TAMs in vitro and in vivo in the TME. Furthermore, we provide a comparative analysis of passive and active NP-based TAM-targeting strategies and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan He
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59064-720, Brazil
- Cancer and Inflammation Research Laboratory (LAICI), Postgraduate Program in Functional and Structural Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59064-720, Brazil
- Percuros B.V., 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J. Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
| | - Christina Eich
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (Y.H.); (R.F.d.A.J.)
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26
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Pajarinen J, Lin T, Nabeshima A, Sato T, Gibon E, Jämsen E, Khan TN, Yao Z, Goodman SB. Interleukin-4 repairs wear particle induced osteolysis by modulating macrophage polarization and bone turnover. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:1512-1520. [PMID: 33340244 PMCID: PMC8213865 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Periprosthetic osteolysis remains as a major complication of total joint replacement surgery. Modulation of macrophage polarization with interleukin-4 (IL-4) has emerged as an effective means to limit wear particle-induced osteolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local IL-4 delivery in treating preexisting particle-induced osteolysis. To this end, recently established 8 week modification of murine continuous femoral intramedullary particle infusion model was utilized. Subcutaneous infusion pumps were used to deliver polyethylene (PE) particles into mouse distal femur for 4 weeks to induce osteolysis. IL-4 was then added to the particle infusion for another 4 weeks. This delayed IL-4 treatment (IL-4 Del) was compared to IL-4 delivered continuously (IL-4 Cont) with PE particles from the beginning and to the infusion of particles alone for 8 weeks. Both IL-4 treatments were highly effective in preventing and repairing preexisting particle-induced bone loss as assessed by μCT. Immunofluorescence indicated a significant reduction in the number of F4/80 + iNOS + M1 macrophages and increase in the number of F4/80 + CD206 + M2 macrophages with both IL-4 treatments. Reduction in the number of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase + osteoclasts and increase in the amount of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) + osteoblasts was also observed with both IL-4 treatments likely explaining the regeneration of bone in these samples. Interesting, slightly more bone formation and ALP + osteoblasts were seen in the IL-4 Del group than in the IL-4 Cont group although these differences were not statistically significant. The study is a proof of principle that osteolytic lesions can be repaired via modulation of macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Pajarinen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Plastic Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tzuhua Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Akira Nabeshima
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Taishi Sato
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Emmanuel Gibon
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Eemeli Jämsen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tahsin N. Khan
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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27
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Effect of Titanium and Zirconium Oxide Microparticles on Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Macrophages under Induced Sterile Inflammation: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154166. [PMID: 34361359 PMCID: PMC8347735 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The wear-debris particles released by shearing forces during dental implant insertion may contribute to inflammatory reactions or osteolysis associated with peri-implantitis by stimulating inflammasome-activation. The study aim was to examine cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of titanium (TiO2) and zirconia (ZrO2) particles in macrophages regarding their nature/particle concentration over time under sterile lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation. Macrophages were exposed to TiO2 and ZrO2 particles (≤5 µm) in cell culture. Dental glass was used as inert control and LPS (1 μg/mL) was used to promote sterile inflammation. Cytotoxicity was determined using MTT assays and cytokine expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). Cytotoxicity was significantly increased when exposed to higher concentrations of glass, TiO2 and ZrO2 (≥107 particles/mL) compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Macrophages challenged with TiO2 particles expressed up to ≈3.5-fold higher upregulation than ZrO2 from 12 to 48 h. However, when exposed to LPS, TiO2 and ZrO2 particle-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression was further enhanced (p ≤ 0.05). Our data suggest that ZrO2 particles produce less toxicity/inflammatory cytokine production than TiO2. The present study shows that the biological reactivity of TiO2 and ZrO2 depends on the type and concentration of particles in a time-dependent manner.
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28
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Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Ge G, Xu N, Zheng D, Jiang S, Zhao G, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhu R, Geng D. Harmine Alleviates Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammatory Bone Destruction by Immunomodulatory Effect on the Macrophage Polarization and Subsequent Osteogenic Differentiation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657687. [PMID: 34079546 PMCID: PMC8165263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-prosthetic osteolysis (PPO) and following aseptic loosening are regarded as the prime reasons for implant failure after joint replacement. Increasing evidence indicated that wear-debris-irritated inflammatory response and macrophage polarization state play essential roles in this osteolytic process. Harmine, a β-carboline alkaloid primitively extracted from the Peganum harmala seeds, has been reported to have various pharmacological effects on monoamine oxidase action, insulin intake, vasodilatation and central nervous systems. However, the impact of harmine on debris-induced osteolysis has not been demonstrated, and whether harmine participates in regulating macrophage polarization and subsequent osteogenic differentiation in particle-irritated osteolysis remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of harmine on titanium (Ti) particle-induced osteolysis in vivo and in vitro. The results suggested harmine notably alleviated Ti particle-induced bone resorption in a murine PPO model. Harmine was also found to suppress the particle-induced inflammatory response and shift the polarization of macrophages from M1 phenotypes to M2 phenotypes in vivo and in vitro, which improved anti-inflammatory and bone-related cytokines levels. In the conditioned medium from Ti particle-stimulated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells treated with harmine, the osteoblast differentiation ability of mouse pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was greatly increased. And we also provided evidences that the immunomodulatory capacity of harmine might be attributed to the inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in wear particle-treated macrophages. All the results strongly show that harmine might be a promising therapeutic agent to treat PPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gaoran Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Nanwei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shijie Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Gongyin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.,Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Ruixia Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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29
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Kheder W, Soumya S, Samsudin AR. Impact of titanium dioxide particle size on macrophage production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 127:105133. [PMID: 33933922 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the response of THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages following exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and microparticles (TiO2 MPs) in an in vitro system. DESIGN THP-1 monocytes were maintained in RPMI medium and transformed into M0 macrophages using Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). TiO2 particle size characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) technology. A viability study using an XTT assay was performed by treating THP-1-derived macrophages with TiO2 NPs (<100 nm) and TiO2 MPs (<5 μm) at concentrations ranging from 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 μg/mL. Macrophages were then treated with three different concentrations of NPs and MPs (5, 20 or 100 μg/mL) for 24 h, and ROS production and TiO2 particle cellular uptake were measured using ROS assays and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS There was no significant change in the viability of THP-1 monocytes after treatment with TiO2 NPs and MPs. The uptake of both particles was confirmed and showed an increase in ROS generation, and the MPs produced more ROS than NPs. The increase in ROS generation with NPs was concentration-dependent. CONCLUSION Uptake of TiO2 NPs and MPs in macrophages at subcytotoxic levels generate ROS in a size- and dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waad Kheder
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - S Soumya
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - A R Samsudin
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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30
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Zhou Z, Shi Q, Wang J, Chen X, Hao Y, Zhang Y, Wang X. The unfavorable role of titanium particles released from dental implants. Nanotheranostics 2021; 5:321-332. [PMID: 33732603 PMCID: PMC7961127 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.56401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium is considered to be a metal material with the best biological safety. Studies have proved that the titanium implanted in the bone continuously releases titanium particles (Ti particles), significantly increasing the total titanium content in human body. Generally, Ti particles are released slowly without causing a systemic immune response. However, the continuous increased local concentration may result in damage to the intraepithelial homeostasis, aggravation of inflammatory reaction in the surrounding tissues, bone resorption and implant detachment. They also migrate with blood flow and aggregate in the distal organ. The release of Ti particles is affected by the score of the implant surface structure, microenvironment wear and corrosion, medical operation wear, and so on, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Thus, it difficult to prevent the release completely. This paper reviews the causes of the Ti particles formation, the damage to the surrounding tissue, and its mechanism, in particular, methods for reducing the release and toxicity of the Ti particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilan Zhou
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaohang Chen
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yujia Hao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Hayat SMG, Jaafari MR, Hatamipour M, Penson PE, Sahebkar A. Liposome Circulation Time is Prolonged by CD47 Coating. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 27:1029-1037. [PMID: 32282292 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200413100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bio-degradable nano-particles have many applications as drug delivery vehicles because of their good bio-availability, controlled release, low toxicity and potential for encapsulation. However, the most important obstacle to nanoparticulate drug delivery is elimination by macrophages which reduces the residence time of nanoparticles in the blood. To overcome this problem, the surface of the nanoparticle can be passivated by coating with Polyethylene glycol (PEG). However, the use of PEG has its own disadvantages. CD47 receptor acts as a self marker on the surface of many cells and inhibits phagocytosis. This study used a CD47 mimicry peptide as a substitute for PEG to fabricate "stealth" nanoliposome with reduced macrophage clearance. METHODS Doxorubibin was used as a model drug because of its inherent fluorescence. Doxorubicin- containing liposomes were coated with different percentages of CD47 mimicry peptide (0.5% and 1%). PEG-functionalized doxorubicin-containing liposomes, were used as a comparator. The liposomal formulations were intravenously injected into mice. Serum was collected at pre-defined time points and tissue samples were taken at 24 hours. Fluorescence was used to determine the concentration doxorubicin in serum, heart, spleen, kidney, liver and lung tissues. RESULTS Tissue biodistribution and serum kinetic studies indicated that compared with PEG, the use of CD47 mimicry peptide increased the circulation time of doxorubicin in the circulation. Moreover, unwanted accumulation of doxorubicin in the reticuloendothelial tissues (liver and spleen), kidney and heart was significantly decreased by the CD47 mimicry peptide. CONCLUSION The use of a CD47 mimicry peptide on the surface of nanoliposomes improved the residence time of liposomal doxorubicin in the circulation. The accumulation of drug in non-target tissues was reduced, thereby potentially reducing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud R Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran,Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hatamipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Immunological Aspects of Dental Implant Rejection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7279509. [PMID: 33376734 PMCID: PMC7744195 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7279509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, dental implants are a prominent therapeutic approach among dentists for replacing missing teeth. Failure in dental implants is a severe challenge recently. The factors which lead to dental implant failure are known. These factors can be categorized into different groups. In this article, we discussed the immunological aspects of implant failure as one of these groups. Cytokines and immune cells have extensive and various functions in peri-implantitis. The equilibrium between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cells, which involve in this orchestra, has a crucial role in implant prognosis. In conclusion, immune cells, especially macrophages and dendritic cells, almost increased in the patients with implant failure. Also, proinflammatory cytokines were proposed as diagnostic factors according to their higher levels in dental implant rejection.
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Duraisamy P, Ravi S, Krishnan M, Livya CM, Manikandan B, Arunagirinathan K, Ramar M. Dynamic Role of Macrophage Sub Types for Development of Atherosclerosis and Potential Use of Herbal Immunomodulators as Imminent Therapeutic Strategy. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:2-12. [PMID: 33334298 DOI: 10.2174/1871525718666201217163207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a major contributor to cardiovascular disease is a global alarm causing mortality worldwide. Being a progressive disease in the arteries, it mainly causes recruitment of monocytes to the inflammatory sites and subside pathological conditions. Monocyte-derived macrophage mainly acts in foam cell formation by engorging the LDL molecules, oxidizes it into Ox-LDL and leads to plaque deposit development. Macrophages in general differentiate, proliferate and undergo apoptosis at the inflammatory site. Frequently two subtypes of macrophages M1 and M2 has to act crucially in balancing the micro-environmental conditions of endothelial cells in arteries. The productions of proinflammatory mediators like IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α by M1 macrophage has atherogenic properties majorly produced during the early progression of atherosclerotic plaques. To counteract cytokine productions and M1-M2 balance, secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) from plants act as a therapeutic agent in alleviating atherosclerosis progression. This review summarizes the fundamental role of the macrophage in atherosclerotic lesion formation along with its plasticity characteristic as well as recent therapeutic strategies using herbal components and anti-inflammatory cytokines as potential immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sangeetha Ravi
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025. India
| | - Mahalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025. India
| | - Catherene M Livya
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025. India
| | - Beulaja Manikandan
- Department of Biochemistry, Annai Veilankanni's College for Women, Chennai - 600 015. India
| | | | - Manikandan Ramar
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025. India
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Fretwurst T, Müller J, Larsson L, Bronsert P, Hazard D, Castilho RM, Kohal R, Nelson K, Iglhaut G. Immunohistological composition of peri-implantitis affected tissue around ceramic implants-A pilot study. J Periodontol 2020; 92:571-579. [PMID: 32839977 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of the pilot study was the histologic classification of the inflamed peri-implant soft tissue around ceramic implants (CI) in comparison with titanium implants (TI). METHODS Peri-implant tissue were retrieved from 15 patients (aged 34 to 88 years, seven males/eight females) with severe peri-implantitis (eight CI, seven TI). The peri-implant soft tissue samples were retrieved from the sites during scheduled removal of the implant and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. Monoclonal antibodies (targeting CD3, CD20, CD138, and CD68) were used to identify T- and B-cells, plasma cells and macrophages. Quantitative assessment was performed by one histologically trained investigator. Linear mixed regression models were used. RESULTS A similar numerical distribution of the cell population was found in peri-implantitis around CI compared with TI. CD3 (TI, 17% to 85% versus CI, 20% to 70% of total cell number) and CD138 (TI, 1% to 73% versus CI, 12% to 69% of total cell number) were predominantly expressed. Notably, patient-individual differences of numerical cell distribution were detected. Co-localization of B- and T-lymphocytes was observed. CONCLUSIONS Peri-implantitis around CI in comparison with TI seems to have a similar histological appearance. Differences in cellular composition of peri-implantitis lesions might also depend on the patient's specific immune status and not only on the material used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Janina Müller
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany, Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Derek Hazard
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ralf Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Iglhaut
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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Interleukin-4 assisted calcium-strontium-zinc-phosphate coating induces controllable macrophage polarization and promotes osseointegration on titanium implant. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111512. [PMID: 33255069 PMCID: PMC7493725 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are believed to be promising scaffold materials for dental and orthopedic implantation due to their ideal mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the host immune response always causes implant failures in the clinic. Surface modification of the Ti scaffold is an important factor in this process and has been widely studied to regulate the host immune response and to further promote bone regeneration. In this study, a calcium-strontium-zinc-phosphate (CSZP) coating was fabricated on a Ti implant surface by phosphate chemical conversion (PCC) technique, which modified the surface topography and element constituents. Here, we envisioned an accurate immunomodulation strategy via delivery of interleukin (IL)-4 to promote CSZP-mediated bone regeneration. IL-4 (0 and 40 ng/mL) was used to regulate immune response of macrophages. The mechanical properties, biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated. The results showed that the CSZP coating exhibited a significant enhancement in surface roughness and hydrophilicity, but no obvious changes in proliferation or apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and macrophages. In vitro, the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic related factors in BMMSCs cultured on a CSZP coating, such as ALP and OCN, were significantly higher than those on bare Ti. In vivo, there was no enhanced bone formation but increased macrophage type 1 (M1) polarization on the CSZP coating. IL-4 could induce M2 polarization and promote osteogenesis of BMMSCs on CSZP in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, the CSZP coating is an effective scaffold for BMMSCs osteogenesis, and IL-4 presents the additional advantage of modulating the immune response for bone regeneration on the CSZP coating in vivo. A chemical conversion calcium-strontium-zinc-phosphate (CSZP) coating is prepared on titanium. The CSZP coating exhibits micellar lamellar crystal morphology in micro-nano scale. The CSZP coating has an optimal topography and element composition for osteogenesis. Interleukin-4 assisted CSZP coating can obtain better osteoimmunomodulation properties.
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36
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Chen L, Qiao P, Liu H, Shao L. Amorphous Calcium Phosphate NPs Mediate the Macrophage Response and Modulate BMSC Osteogenesis. Inflammation 2020; 44:278-296. [PMID: 32939669 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The potential risk associated with ACP nanoparticles (ACP NPs) cultured with immune cells and their indirect effects on osteogenesis have not been studied deeply. This project aims to evaluate the safety of ACP NPs in macrophages, the responses of macrophages (macrophage polarization, the cytokine secretion pattern of macrophages and intracellular homeostasis) to ACP NPs and the effect of ACP NPs/macrophage-modulated environments on the osteogenic ability of BMSCs. The cell proliferation rate and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 and Annexin V Apoptosis Detection kits. ROS and autophagy expression were evaluated by ROS test kits and Western blot (WB). Macrophage polarization and cytokine expression were determined by SEM, cytoskeletal staining, RT-PCR and ELISA. TMT™ quantitative protein analysis was used to evaluate protein expression. BMSC osteogenic differentiation was detected by ALP staining, Alizarin Red solution staining and RT-PCR. ACP NPs were safe to macrophages but promoted autophagy and induced ROS production at high concentrations. ACP NPs changed morphology of macrophages and induced polarization into M1 type, thus promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines. ACP NPs/macrophage-modulated environments weakened the osteogenic ability of BMSCs. ACP NPs polarize macrophages into the M1 phenotype and change the cytokine secretion pattern. ACP NPs/macrophage-modulated environments weaken the osteogenic ability of BMSCs. ACP NPs may cause aseptic inflammation and attenuate osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjiao Chen
- Institute of Stomatology & Oral Maxilla Facial Key Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affilicated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regeneartive Medicine, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Pengyan Qiao
- Institute of Stomatology & Oral Maxilla Facial Key Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongchen Liu
- Institute of Stomatology & Oral Maxilla Facial Key Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Gao XR, Ge J, Li WY, Zhou WC, Xu L, Geng DQ. miR-34a carried by adipocyte exosomes inhibits the polarization of M1 macrophages in mouse osteolysis model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:994-1003. [PMID: 32803914 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE After bone prosthesis replacement, M1-type macrophage polarization can be induced by titanium (Ti) particles and produce inflammatory, leading to osteolysis. Adipocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs) exert immune-modulatory impact on the macrophage, while whether it can inhibit the macrophage polarization induced by Ti is unclear. This study focuses on the M1-type macrophage and aims to determine the effect of ADEs on Ti-induced M1-type macrophage polarization in osteolytic mice and the involved mechanism. METHODS Ti particle-induced osteolysis mouse model was established and macrophages were isolated from the osteolysis site. The levels of NLRP3 and specific markers for M1-type macrophage were determined. ADEs isolated from adipocyte cell line 3T3-L1, or conditioned ADEs with low-expressed miR-34a isolated from 3T3-L1 transfected with miR-34a inhibitor were co-cultured with RAW 264.7 to determine their impact on the polarization of macrophage. RESULTS ADEs reduced the M1-type macrophage polarization and caused the upregulation of miR-34a in macrophage of the osteolysis site of the osteolysis mouse model. Also, the level of miR-34a in ADEs was higher than that in the adipocyte. The conditioned ADEs expressed a low level of miR-34a and boosted the Ti-induced M1-type polarization. MiR-34a could target NLRP3 and negatively regulated its expression. Moreover, NLRP3 knockdown in macrophage restricted the conditioned ADEs to promote macrophage towards to Ti-induced M1-type polarization. The inhibitory function of ADEs on M1-type macrophage polarization was abolished by miR-34a silencing in the mouse osteolysis model. CONCLUSION The miR-34a carried by ADEs reduced the polarization of M1-type macrophages by targeting macrophage NLRP3 during Ti particle-induced osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ren Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wang-Chen Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - De-Qin Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Wang S, Yang J, Lin T, Huang S, Ma J, Xu X. Excessive production of mitochondrion‑derived reactive oxygen species induced by titanium ions leads to autophagic cell death of osteoblasts via the SIRT3/SOD2 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:257-264. [PMID: 32468046 PMCID: PMC7248520 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of peri-implant bone loss is high, and is a difficult condition to treat. Previous studies have shown that titanium (Ti) ions released from implants can lead to osteoblast cell damage, but the specific mechanisms have not been elucidated. The present study established a Ti ion damage osteoblast cell model. The levels of mitochondrion-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS) and autophagy, cell viability and the sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)/superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway were examined in this model. It was found that Ti ions decreased osteoblast viability. Moreover, with increased Ti ion concentration, the expression levels of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3α (LC3) progressively increased, P62 decreased, autophagic flow increased and mROS levels increased. After the addition of an autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 and Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial antioxidant, the production of mROS was inhibited, the level of autophagy was decreased and cell activity was improved. In addition, with increased Ti ion concentration, the activity of SOD2 decreased, the acetylation level of SOD2 increased, the SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression levels decreased, and the activity of SIRT3 was significantly decreased. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SIRT3 overexpression reduced the acetylation of SOD2 and increased the activity of SOD2, as well as reducing the production of mROS and the expression level of LC3, thus increasing cell viability. Therefore, the present results suggested that excessive production of mROS induced by Ti ions led to autophagic cell death of osteoblasts, which is dependent on the SIRT3/SOD2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqian Wang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Lin
- Department of Prothodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Shengbing Huang
- Department of Prothodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Department of Prothodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Yin Y, Huang Q, Yang M, Xiao J, Wu H, Liu Y, Li Q, Huang W, Lei G, Zhou K. MgO Nanoparticles Protect against Titanium Particle-Induced Osteolysis in a Mouse Model Because of Their Positive Immunomodulatory Effect. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3005-3014. [PMID: 33463269 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qianli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Minghua Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Shenzhen Zhong Jin Ling Nan Nonfemet Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518040, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qingxiang Li
- Shenzhen Zhong Jin Ling Nan Nonfemet Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Jämsen E, Pajarinen J, Lin TH, Lo CW, Nabeshima A, Lu L, Nathan K, Eklund KK, Yao Z, Goodman SB. Effect of Aging on the Macrophage Response to Titanium Particles. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:405-416. [PMID: 31498470 PMCID: PMC6980287 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated inflammatory reaction to implant wear particles drives bone loss around total joint replacements (TJR). Although most TJR recipients are elderly, studies linking wear particle-activated macrophages and peri-implant osteolysis have not taken into account the multiple effects that aging has on the innate immune system and, in particular, on macrophages. To address this, we compared the wear particle responses of bone marrow macrophages obtained from young (2-month) and aged (18-month) mice. Macrophages were polarized to M0, M1, or M2 phenotypes in vitro, challenged with titanium particles, and their inflammatory response was characterized at multiple time points by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, age-dependent changes in activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-κB were analyzed by a lentiviral vector-based luciferase reporter system. The particle stimulation experiment was further repeated using human primary macrophages isolated from blood donors of different ages. We found that the pro-inflammatory responses were generally higher in macrophages obtained from young mice, but differences between the age groups remained small and of uncertain biological significance. Noteworthily, M2 polarization effectively suppressed the particle-induced inflammation in both young and aged macrophages. These results suggest that aging of the innate immune system per se plays no significant role in the response of macrophages to titanium particles, whereas induction of M2 polarization appears a promising strategy to limit macrophage-mediated inflammation regardless of age. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:405-416, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eemeli Jämsen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki,ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Orton Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Pajarinen
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki,ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Orton Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tzu-hua Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chi-Wen Lo
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Akira Nabeshima
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura Lu
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Nathan
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari K. Eklund
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki,ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Orton Foundation, Helsinki, Finland,University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Rheumatology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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41
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Souza JGS, Costa Oliveira BE, Bertolini M, Lima CV, Retamal-Valdes B, de Faveri M, Feres M, Barão VAR. Titanium particles and ions favor dysbiosis in oral biofilms. J Periodontal Res 2019; 55:258-266. [PMID: 31762055 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of titanium (Ti) particles and ions on oral biofilm growth and composition. BACKGROUND Particles and ions of Ti released from dental implants can trigger unfavorable biological responses in human cells. However, their effect on oral biofilms composition has not been tested. METHODS In this blind in situ study, volunteers wore a palatal appliance containing Ti disks for 7 days to allow biofilm formation. Disks were then collected and biofilms were treated, in vitro, with Ti particles (0.75% and 1%), ions (10 and 20 ppm), or a combination of both (1% particles + 20 ppm ions). Biofilms exposed only to medium was used as control group. After 24 hours, biofilms were collected and analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Direct effects of Ti particles and ions on biofilm/cellular morphology were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Ti particles affected biofilm composition, increasing population of four bacterial species (P < .05), while Ti ions showed higher levels of putative pathogens from the orange complex with reduction in species from the yellow complex (P < .05), compared with control. The combination of particles + ions increased green complex and reduced yellow complex proportions (P < .05). TEM showed clusters of particles agglomerated in extracellular environment, while Ti ions were precipitated in both extracellular and intracellular sites. CONCLUSIONS Ti products, especially Ti ions, have the potential to change the microbiological composition of biofilms formed on Ti surfaces. Therefore, the presence of Ti products around dental implants may contribute to microbial dysbiosis and peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- João G S Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bárbara E Costa Oliveira
- Department of Physiological Science, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Carolina Veloso Lima
- Department of Physiological Science, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdes
- Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Faveri
- Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
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Kumar G, Roger PM. From Crosstalk between Immune and Bone Cells to Bone Erosion in Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5154. [PMID: 31627424 PMCID: PMC6834200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone infection and inflammation leads to the infiltration of immune cells at the site of infection, where they modulate the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts by the secretion of various cytokines and signal mediators. In recent years, there has been a tremendous effort to understand the cells involved in these interactions and the complex pathways of signal transduction and their ultimate effect on bone metabolism. These crosstalk mechanisms between the bone and immune system finally emerged, forming a new field of research called osteoimmunology. Diseases falling into the category of osteoimmunology, such as osteoporosis, periodontitis, and bone infections are considered to have a significant implication in mortality and morbidity of patients, along with affecting their quality of life. There is a much-needed research focus in this new field, as the reported data on the immunomodulation of immune cells and their signaling pathways seems to have promising therapeutic benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Unité 576, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 06200 Nice, France.
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Pierre-Marie Roger
- Unité 576, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 06200 Nice, France.
- Service d'Infectiologie, Hôpital Archet 1, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 06200 Nice, France.
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43
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Pettersson M, Pettersson J, Molin Thorén M, Johansson A. Effect of cobalt ions on the interaction between macrophages and titanium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 106:2518-2530. [PMID: 29708655 PMCID: PMC6175091 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and bone reduction around dental implants are described as peri‐implantitis and can be caused by an inflammatory response against bacterial products and toxins. Titanium (Ti) forms aggregates with serum proteins, which activate and cause release of the cytokine interleukin (IL‐1β) from human macrophages. It was hypothesized that cobalt (Co) ions can interact in the formation of pro‐inflammatory aggregates, formed by titanium. To test this hypothesis, we differentiated THP‐1 cells into macrophages and exposed them to Ti ions alone or in combination with Co ions to investigate if IL‐1β release and cytotoxicity were affected. We also investigated aggregate formation, cell uptake and human biopsies with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Co at a concentration of 100 µM neutralized the IL‐1β release from human macrophages and affected the aggregate formation. The aggregates formed by Ti could be detected in the cytosol of macrophages. In the presence of Co, the Ti‐induced aggregates were located in the cytosol of the cultured macrophages, but outside the lysosomal structures. It is concluded that Co can neutralize the Ti‐induced activation and release of active IL‐1β from human macrophages in vitro. Also, serum proteins are needed for the formation of metal‐protein aggregates in cell medium. Furthermore, the structures of the aggregates as well as the localisation after cellular uptake differ if Co is present in a Ti solution. Phagocytized aggregates with a similar appearance seen in vitro with Ti present, were also visible in a sample from human peri‐implant tissue. © 2018 The Authors Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2518–2530, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Pettersson
- Analytic Chemistry, BMC, Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Johansson
- Molecular Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
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Miao W, Gao H, Hou X. Magnesium lithospermate B inhibits titanium particles-induced osteoclast formation by c-fos and inhibiting NFATc1 expression. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:487-494. [PMID: 30909748 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1593392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Titanium particle-induced osteolysis is one of the important causes of aseptic loosening of artificial joints. Previous studies have shown the potential of natural compounds in preventing Ti particle-induced bone resorption. In this study, we observed the effects of magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) on titanium particle-induced osteoclast activity in vitro. Materials and Methods: RAW264.7 cells were treated with titanium particles (0.1 mg/mL) in the presence or absence of MLB (200 nmol/L). We evaluated the osteoclast formation, bone pits formation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (Tracp5b) levels. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to evaluate osteoclast differentiation-related genes (TRAF6, NFATc1, and c-fos) and protein expression. Results: The number of osteoclasts, pit formation and Tracp5b levels were all the group treated with titanium particles compared to the control group (all p < 0.05). Titanium particles also promoted the expression of the TRAF6, NFATc1 and c-fos genes and protein expression. MLB significantly abolished the titanium particle-enhanced osteoclast and pits formation, and Traf6, NFATc1, and c-fos expression. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that MLB can suppress titanium-induced osteoclast activity via inhibiting c-fos and NFATc1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Miao
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Heze City Hospital , Heze city , Shandong province , China
| | - Huibing Gao
- b Department of Head and Neck Oncology , Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Xiaojin Hou
- c Department of Orthopedics , Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University , Xianyang city , Shanxi province , China
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45
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Macrophage polarization following three-dimensional porous PEEK. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109948. [PMID: 31499957 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in foreign body reaction (FBR), and exhibit a detrimental or beneficial function in tissue repair while polarized into different phenotypes. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of three-dimensional (3D) porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) on macrophage polarization through sulfonating PEEK and establishing a mouse air pouch model. The in vivo results show that the sulfonated PEEK induced higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine together with lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine. In addition, it was found that a relatively mild infiltration of inflammatory cells was caused and there were more M2 macrophages and less M1 ones when compared with PEEK. It indicates that 3D porous PEEK induces a shift to M2 macrophages and has large potential in regenerative medicine application.
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46
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Li S, Qiu J, Qin L, Peng P, Li C, Mao J, Fang G, Chen Z, Lin S, Fu Y, Cai W, Ding Y. NOD2 negatively regulated titanium particle-induced osteolysis in mice. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2702-2715. [PMID: 31065630 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For patients undergoing total joint replacement (TJR), one of the complications, aseptic loosening, could cause serious consequences, such as revision surgery. In early research, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) were reported to play vital roles in recognizing wear particles from the prosthesis and initiating an inflammation response. In this research, we aimed to clarify the role of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain containing protein 2 (NOD2), one of the PRRs, in macrophage-induced aseptic loosening in vivo and in vitro. High expressions of NOD2 and TNFα were observed from twenty patients who underwent primary or revision total hip replacements (THR). The effect of NOD2 on the activation of inflammation pathways was observed in RAW264.7 cells and CRISPR-Cas9 NOD2-knockout mice. The expressions of NOD2, the NF-κB pathway, the MAPK pathway and proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in macrophages stimulated by wear particles were up-regulated. Otherwise, inhibition of NOD2 further up-regulated the expressions of NOD2, the NF-κB pathway, the MAPK pathway and TNF-α. Knockdown of the NOD2 gene enhanced the cranial osteolysis induced by titanium particles in a mouse model. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that NOD2 plays a negative role in osteolysis induced by titanium particles in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Junxiong Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory Department of Orthopaedics & Taumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Changchuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jiaji Mao
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guibin Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Sipeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yuan Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Weibin Cai
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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47
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Kohno Y, Lin T, Pajarinen J, Jämsen E, Romero-Lopez M, Maruyama M, Lo CW, Ueno M, Nathan K, Yao Z, Goodman SB. Treating Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammation with Genetically Modified NF- κB Sensing IL-4 Secreting or Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3032-3038. [PMID: 32391436 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Titanium and titanium-based alloys are widely used in orthopaedic implants. Total joint replacement is very successful; however, the foreign body response and chronic inflammation caused by implant-derived biomaterial debris still remain as unsolved issues. Aseptic loosening accompanied by wear debris-induced osteolysis (bone loss) is one of the most frequent causes for late failure and revision surgery. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and IL-4 may be possible treatment strategies because of their immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the efficacy of novel MSC-based treatments on immunomodulation and osteogenic differentiation in an innovative cell coculture model of titanium particle-induced inflammation in the periprosthetic tissues. MSCs and macrophages were collected from the bone marrow of Balb/c mice. Both MSCs and macrophages (representing endogenous cells at the periprosthetic tissue) were seeded on the bottom wells of the 24-well transwell plates. We generated genetically modified NF-κB sensing IL-4 secreting MSCs (inflammatory responsive MSCs) and MSCs preconditioned by lipopolysaccharide and TNF-α to further enhance their immunomodulatory function. These modified MSCs (representing exogenous therapeutic cells implanted to the periprosthetic tissue) were seeded on the upper chambers of the transwell plates. These cocultures were then exposed to titanium particles for 7 days. NF-κB sensing IL-4 secreting MSCs showed strong immunomodulation (significantly reduced TNF-α and induced Arg1 expression) and promoted early osteogenesis (significantly induced Runx2, ALP, and β-catenin as well as reduced Smurf2 expression) at day 7. IL-4 secreting MSCs also decreased TNF-α protein secretion as early as day 3 and increased IL-1ra protein secretion at day 7, suggesting efficacious immunomodulation of particle-induced inflammation. Preconditioned MSCs did not show significant immunomodulation in this short-term experiment, but ALP and β-catenin expression were significantly induced at day 7. Our results suggest that genetically modified IL-4 secreting MSCs and preconditioned MSCs have the potential to optimize bone regeneration in inflammatory conditions including periprosthetic osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kohno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Tzuhua Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Jukka Pajarinen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Eemeli Jämsen
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Monica Romero-Lopez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Chi-Wen Lo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Karthik Nathan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94063, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Biguetti CC, Cavalla F, Silveira EV, Tabanez AP, Francisconi CF, Taga R, Campanelli AP, Trombone APF, Rodrigues DC, Garlet GP. HGMB1 and RAGE as Essential Components of Ti Osseointegration Process in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:709. [PMID: 31024546 PMCID: PMC6461067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of the prototypic DAMP High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) into extracellular environment and its binding to the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) has been described to trigger sterile inflammation and regulate healing outcome. However, their role on host response to Ti-based biomaterials and in the subsequent osseointegration remains unexplored. In this study, HMGB1 and RAGE inhibition in the Ti-mediated osseointegration were investigated in C57Bl/6 mice. C57Bl/6 mice received a Ti-device implantation (Ti-screw in the edentulous alveolar crest and a Ti-disc in the subcutaneous tissue) and were evaluated by microscopic (microCT [bone] and histology [bone and subcutaneous]) and molecular methods (ELISA, PCR array) during 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Mice were divided into 4 groups: Control (no treatment); GZA (IP injection of Glycyrrhizic Acid for HMGB1 inhibition, 4 mg/Kg/day); RAP (IP injection of RAGE Antagonistic Peptide, 4 mg/Kg/day), and vehicle controls (1.5% DMSO solution for GZA and 0.9% saline solution for RAP); treatments were given at all experimental time points, starting 1 day before surgeries. HMGB1 was detected in the Ti-implantation sites, adsorbed to the screws/discs. In Control and vehicle groups, osseointegration was characterized by a slight inflammatory response at early time points, followed by a gradual bone apposition and matrix maturation at late time points. The inhibition of HMGB1 or RAGE impaired the osseointegration, affecting the dynamics of mineralized and organic bone matrix, and resulting in a foreign body reaction, with persistence of macrophages, necrotic bone, and foreign body giant cells until later time points. While Control samples were characterized by a balance between M1 and M2-type response in bone and subcutaneous sites of implantation, and also MSC markers, the inhibition of HMGB1 or RAGE caused a higher expression M1 markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well chemokines and receptors for macrophage migration until later time points. In conclusion, HMGB1 and RAGE have a marked role in the osseointegration, evidenced by their influence on host inflammatory immune response, which includes macrophages migration and M1/M2 response, MSC markers expression, which collectively modulate bone matrix deposition and osseointegration outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cristina Biguetti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Franco Cavalla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elcia Varize Silveira
- Department of Biological and Allied Health Sciences, Universidade Sagrado Coração, Bauru, Brazil
| | - André Petenuci Tabanez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rumio Taga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Campanelli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danieli C Rodrigues
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Gustavo Pompermaier Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ye M, Zhou J, Zhong Y, Xu J, Hou J, Wang X, Wang Z, Guo D. SR-A-Targeted Phase-Transition Nanoparticles for the Detection and Treatment of Atherosclerotic Vulnerable Plaques. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:9702-9715. [PMID: 30785263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of sudden death and myocardial infarction, instigated by unstable plaques. Thus, the early detection of unstable plaques and corresponding treatment can improve the prognosis and reduce mortality. In this study, we describe a protocol for the preparation of nanoparticles (NPs) combined with the phase transitional material perfluorohexane (PFH) and with dextran sulfate (DS) targeting class A scavenger receptors (SR-A) for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. The results showed that the Fe-PFH-poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/chitosan (CS)-DS NPs were fabricated successfully, with the ability to undergo phase transition by low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) irradiation to achieve ultrasound imaging; a high carrier rate of Fe3O4 had a good negative enhancement effect on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The NPs had a high binding affinity for activated macrophages and could be endocytosed by the macrophages and notably induced apoptosis under LIFU irradiation by an acoustic droplet vaporization effect in vitro. Furthermore, in an ex vivo atherosclerotic plaque model of apolipoprotein E knockout (KO) (apoE-/-) mice induced by high cholesterol, the NPs selectively accumulated at the sites of SR-A expressed on the activated macrophages of the aortic region. This result was also confirmed by MRI in vivo, where the NPs could be targeted to the aortic plaque and reduced the T2* signal. The LIFU-induced phase transition could lead to the apoptosis of macrophages on plaques in vivo. In summary, Fe-PFH-PLGA/CS-DS NPs may be applied as multimodal and multifunctional probes and are expected to enable the specific diagnosis and targeted therapy of vulnerable plaques.
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50
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Li B, Gao P, Zhang H, Guo Z, Zheng Y, Han Y. Osteoimmunomodulation, osseointegration, and in vivo mechanical integrity of pure Mg coated with HA nanorod/pore-sealed MgO bilayer. Biomater Sci 2019; 6:3202-3218. [PMID: 30328849 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00901e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fast degradation of Mg-based implants results in the loss of mechanical integrity and poor osseointegration. Herein, a bilayer-structured coating (termed as HAT), comprising an outer layer of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorods and an inner layer of pores-sealed MgO with HA/Mg(OH)2, was formed on Mg using plasma electrolytic oxidation and hydrothermal treatment. Osteoimmunomodulation, osseointegration, mechanical integrity, and bone-implant interfacial structure evolution of the HAT-coated Mg were investigated by implantation in rabbit femora, together with Mg coated with plasma electrolytic oxidized porous MgO (termed as PEO0) and bare Mg. As compared to PEO0-coated and bare Mg, HAT-coated Mg greatly downregulated pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β, upregulated anti-inflammatory IL-10, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis, modulating the surrounding microenvironment toward favoring the recruitment of osteogenetic cells. Moreover, HAT-coated Mg accelerated bone sialoprotein and osteopontin secretion of osteogenetic cells and their mineralization to form a cement line matrix. It also promoted the differentiation of osteogenetic cells, secretion of collagen overlying on the cement line matrix, inducing an earlier and more pronounced bone matrix formation. The cement line matrix wrapped the HA nanorods and filled the interrod spaces of the HAT coating, forming strong interdigitation at the bone-coating interface, and therefore, yielding enhanced osseointegration by means of contact osteogenesis. Due to the considerably reduced corrosion of Mg by the pores-sealed bilayer structure of HAT coating, HAT-coated Mg maintained the mechanical integrity for a longer duration than PEO0-coated and bare Mg. It is clarified that the degradation of MgO and HA, rather than delamination, was the vanishing mode of PEO0 and HAT coatings during long-term implantation, avoiding osteolysis induced by the delamination-generated particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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