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Meng R, Du X, Ge K, Wu C, Zhang Z, Liang X, Yang J, Zhang H. Does climate change increase the risk of marine toxins? Insights from changing seawater conditions. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2743-2762. [PMID: 38795135 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Marine toxins produced by marine organisms threaten human health and impose a heavy public health burden on coastal countries. Lately, there has been an emergence of marine toxins in regions that were previously unaffected, and it is believed that climate change may be a significant factor. This paper systematically summarizes the impact of climate change on the risk of marine toxins in terms of changes in seawater conditions. From our findings, climate change can cause ocean warming, acidification, stratification, and sea-level rise. These climatic events can alter the surface temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrient conditions of seawater, which may promote the growth of various algae and bacteria, facilitating the production of marine toxins. On the other hand, climate change may expand the living ranges of marine organisms (such as algae, bacteria, and fish), thereby exacerbating the production and spread of marine toxins. In addition, the sources, distribution, and toxicity of ciguatoxin, tetrodotoxin, cyclic imines, and microcystin were described to improve public awareness of these emerging marine toxins. Looking ahead, developing interdisciplinary cooperation, strengthening monitoring of emerging marine toxins, and exploring more novel approaches are essential to better address the risks of marine toxins posed by climate change. Altogether, the interrelationships between climate, marine ecology, and marine toxins were analyzed in this study, providing a theoretical basis for preventing and managing future health risks from marine toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Meng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kangfeng Ge
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chunrui Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zongxin Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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2
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Lemon C, Rizer N, Bradshaw J. Climate Change. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2024; 42:679-693. [PMID: 38925782 DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
As human-induced climate change warms the planet, its health impacts will affect all populations, but certain groups will be more vulnerable to its impacts. Given its role as a health care safety net, emergency medicine will play a crucial role in addressing these health conditions. Additionally, with its expertise in disaster medicine, interdisciplinary collaboration, and health care systems knowledge, emergency medicine has the potential to lead the health care sector's response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lemon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Davis Building, Suite 3220, Smith Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA.
| | - Nicholas Rizer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Davis Building, Suite 3220, Smith Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA
| | - Jace Bradshaw
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Davis Building, Suite 3220, Smith Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine
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3
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Cao Y, Guo Y, Long Z, Wu Y, Pei B, Ye J, Zhang M, Yuan H, Jia Y, Liu X, Wang F, Zhao Y. The Global Burden of Gynecological Diseases from 1990 to 2019. Am J Prev Med 2024:S0749-3797(24)00222-8. [PMID: 38945179 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gynecological diseases ranked second among new cases of noncommunicable diseases in women of reproductive age in 1990 and 2019 globally. The aim of this study was to estimate the disease burden of gynecological diseases and describe their trends in women of all ages from 1990 to 2019. METHODS Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019), authors examined the incidence, disability-adjusted life years, and deaths from gynecological diseases by age in 204 countries and territories worldwide from 1990 to 2019. Analyses were conducted in 2022. RESULTS Globally, the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR) of gynecological diseases decreased by -0.176% and -0.245%, respectively from 1990 to 2019. Low socioeconomic development index countries had the highest age-standardized incidence rate and ASDR in 2019. The age-specific incidence rate of gynecological diseases in women aged 15-29 years increased from 1990 to 2019, and the 20-24-year age group increased the greatest by 0.21%. Polycystic ovary syndrome and other types of benign disorders contributed to the major increase. CONCLUSIONS Although the disease burden of gynecological diseases decreased slightly between 1990 and 2019 globally, it remained highest in low socioeconomic development index countries. The disease burden in 20-24-year age group exhibited the fastest growth, with polycystic ovary syndrome and other types of benign disorders playing a significant role. Urgent and effective measures should be taken to target different age groups, types of gynecological disease, and regions with high disease burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yufeng Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhiping Long
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bing Pei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingyu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Heli Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yashuang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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4
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Hopwood CJ, Zizer JN, Nissen AT, Dillard C, Thompkins AM, Graça J, Waldhorn DR, Bleidorn W. Paradoxical gender effects in meat consumption across cultures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13033. [PMID: 38871837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Men tend to eat more meat than women, but it is not clear why. We tested three hypotheses in a cross-cultural design (20,802 individuals in 23 countries across four continents): that gender differences are (a) universal, (b) related to gender roles and thus weaker in countries with higher gender equality and human development, or (c) related to opportunities to express gender roles and thus stronger in countries with higher gender equality and human development. Across all countries, men tended to consume more meat than women. However, this difference increased significantly in countries with greater human development and gender equality. The paradoxical gender gap in meat consumption aligns with previous research that suggests greater differences in behavior across genders in contexts that are more developed and gender equal. We discuss implications for theories of culture and gender as well as practical implications for global meat reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joāo Graça
- University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Sorcher R, Ochieng Arunda M. Key considerations for research into how climate change affects sexual and reproductive health and rights. Lancet Planet Health 2024; 8:e347-e348. [PMID: 38849174 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Sorcher
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wang J, Wang P, Liu B, Kinney PL, Huang L, Chen K. Comprehensive evaluation framework for intervention on health effects of ambient temperature. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH 2024; 3:154-164. [PMID: 38646097 PMCID: PMC11031729 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the existence of many interventions to mitigate or adapt to the health effects of climate change, their effectiveness remains unclear. Here, we introduce the Comprehensive Evaluation Framework for Intervention on Health Effects of Ambient Temperature to evaluate study designs and effects of intervention studies. The framework comprises three types of interventions: proactive, indirect, and direct, and four categories of indicators: classification, methods, scope, and effects. We trialed the framework by an evaluation of existing intervention studies. The evaluation revealed that each intervention has its own applicable characteristics in terms of effectiveness, feasibility, and generalizability scores. We expanded the framework's potential by offering a list of intervention recommendations in different scenarios. Future applications are then explored to establish models of the relationship between study designs and intervention effects, facilitating effective interventions to address the health effects of ambient temperature under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Patrick L. Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Prina M, Khan N, Akhter Khan S, Caicedo JC, Peycheva A, Seo V, Xue S, Sadana R. Climate change and healthy ageing: An assessment of the impact of climate hazards on older people. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04101. [PMID: 38783708 PMCID: PMC11116931 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Climate change not only directly impacts older people's longevity but also healthy ageing, which is the process of maintaining physical and mental capacities while optimising functional abilities. The urgency to address both population ageing and climate change necessitates a rethink and assessment of the impact of climate change on older people. This includes identifying what can be done to anticipate, mitigate and adapt to climate change and engage older persons. Methods A review of climate change and healthy ageing forms the basis of evidence in this report. We developed a comprehensive search to assess current literature, combining terms related to ageing and climate change across four major data sets and assessing articles published up to the end of 2021. Results We summarised the current and future impact of climate change on older people and developed a framework identifying climate change impacts on older persons, recognising social and environmental determinants of healthy ageing. Major hazards and some key exposure pathways include extreme temperatures, wildfire, drought, flooding, storm and sea level rise, air quality, climate-sensitive infectious diseases, food and water insecurities, health and social care system displacement, migration, and relocation. Strategies to address climate change require interventions to improve systems and infrastructure to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience. As a heterogeneous group, older people's perceptions of climate change should be integrated into climate activism. Increasing climate change literacy among older people and enabling them to promote intergenerational dialogue will drive the development and implementation of equitable solutions. Pathways may operate via direct or indirect exposures, requiring longitudinal studies that enable assessment of exposures and outcomes at multiple time points, and analyses of cumulative impacts of hazards across the life course. Conclusions The lack of systematic reviews and primary research on the impact of most climate hazards, except for heat, on older people is apparent. Future research should include outcomes beyond mortality and morbidity and assess how older people interact with their environment by focusing on their capacities and optimising abilities for being and doing what they value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Prina
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - Nusrat Khan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - Samia Akhter Khan
- Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, King’s College London, London, England, UK
- Department of Health Service & Population Health, King’s College London, London, England, UK
| | | | - Anna Peycheva
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, England, UK
| | - Veri Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Siqi Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ritu Sadana
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Ahdoot S, Baum CR, Cataletto MB, Hogan P, Wu CB, Bernstein A. Climate Change and Children's Health: Building a Healthy Future for Every Child. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023065504. [PMID: 38374809 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-065504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The warming of our planet matters to every child. Driven by fossil fuel-generated greenhouse gas emissions, climate conditions stable since the founding of modern pediatrics in the mid-nineteenth century have shifted, and old certainties are falling away. Children's physical and mental health are threatened by climate change through its effects on temperature, precipitation, and extreme weather; ecological disruption; and community disruption. These impacts expose and amplify existing inequities and create unprecedented intergenerational injustice. Fossil fuel extraction and combustion cause harm today and reach centuries into the future, jeopardizing the health, safety, and prosperity of today's children and future generations. Appreciating the unique vulnerability of their patients, pediatricians have become leading health advocates for climate actions necessary to protect all living and future children. Policies that reduce reliance on fossil fuels and promote cleaner air, facilitate walking and bicycling, encourage more sustainable diets, increase access to nature, and develop more connected communities lead to immediate gains in child health and equity, and build a foundation for generations of children to thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ahdoot
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Carl R Baum
- Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary Bono Cataletto
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Patrick Hogan
- Pediatric Residency Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christina B Wu
- O'Neill Center for Global and National Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kadja K, Rodríguez-Arias D. Global Environmental Justice and Bioethics: Overcoming Beneficence and Individual Responsibility. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2024; 24:55-57. [PMID: 38393998 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2303143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
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10
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Ahdoot S, Baum CR, Cataletto MB, Hogan P, Wu CB, Bernstein A. Climate Change and Children's Health: Building a Healthy Future for Every Child. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023065505. [PMID: 38374808 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-065505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Observed changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, sea level, and extreme weather are destabilizing major determinants of human health. Children are at higher risk of climate-related health burdens than adults because of their unique behavior patterns; developing organ systems and physiology; greater exposure to air, food, and water contaminants per unit of body weight; and dependence on caregivers. Climate change harms children through numerous pathways, including air pollution, heat exposure, floods and hurricanes, food insecurity and nutrition, changing epidemiology of infections, and mental health harms. As the planet continues to warm, climate change's impacts will worsen, threatening to define the health and welfare of children at every stage of their lives. Children who already bear higher burden of disease because of living in low-wealth households and communities, lack of access to high quality education, and experiencing racism and other forms of unjust discrimination bear greater risk of suffering from climate change hazards. Climate change solutions, advanced through collaborative work of pediatricians, health systems, communities, corporations, and governments lead to immediate gains in child health and equity and build a foundation for generations of children to thrive. This technical report reviews the nature of climate change and its associated child health effects and supports the recommendations in the accompanying policy statement on climate change and children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ahdoot
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Carl R Baum
- Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mary Bono Cataletto
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Patrick Hogan
- Pediatric Residency Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christina B Wu
- O'Neill Center for Global and National Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Garber PA, Dolins F, Lappan S. Scientific activism to protect the world's primates and their environments from extinction: Introduction to the special issue. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23601. [PMID: 38284477 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates and their habitats are facing an impending extinction crisis. Approximately 69% of primate species are listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as threatened and 93% have declining populations. Human population growth (expected to reach 10.9 billion by the year 2100), the unsustainable demands of a small number of consumer nations for forest-risk commodities, deforestation and habitat conversion, the expansion of roads and rail networks, cattle ranching, the hunting and trapping of wild primate populations, and the potential spread of infectious diseases are among the primary drivers of primate population decline. Climate change will only exacerbate the current situation. The time to act to protect primate populations is now! In this special issue of the American Journal of Primatology, we present a series of commentaries, formulated as "Action Letters." These are designed to educate and inform primatologists, conservation biologists, wildlife ecologists, political leaders, and global citizens about the conservation challenges faced by particular primate taxa and particular world regions, and present examples of specific actions that one can take, individually and collectively, to promote the persistence of wild primate populations and environmental justice for local human populations and impacted ecological communities. As scientists, researchers, and educators, primatologists are in a unique position to lead local, national, and international efforts to protect biodiversity. In this special issue, we focus on primates of the Brazilian Amazon, lemurs of northeast Madagascar, Temminck's red colobus monkey (Piliocolobus badius temminckii), night monkeys (Aotus spp.), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), the primate pet trade, and professional capacity building to foster conservation awareness and action. We encourage primatologists, regardless of their research focus, to engage in both advocacy and activism to protect wild primate populations worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Garber
- Department of Anthropology, and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- International Centre of Biodiversity and Primate Conservation, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Francine Dolins
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Michigan, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Susan Lappan
- Department of Anthropology, Malaysian Primatological Society, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA
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Nogueira L, Florez N. The Impact of Climate Change on Global Oncology. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:105-121. [PMID: 37580192 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is the greatest threat to human health of our time, with significant implications for global cancer control efforts. The changing frequency and behavior of climate-driven extreme weather events results in more frequent and increasingly unanticipated disruptions in access to cancer care. Given the significant threat that climate change poses to cancer control efforts, oncology professionals should champion initiatives that help protect the health and safety of patients with cancer, such as enhancing emergency preparedness and response efforts and reducing emissions from our own professional activities, which has health cobenefits for the entire population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Sciences, American Cancer Society, Palm Harbor, FL, USA.
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13
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Wright RJ, Demain JG. Growing Impact of Climate Change on Respiratory Health and Related Allergic Disorders: Need for Health Systems to Prepare. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2024; 44:xi-xv. [PMID: 37973264 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine, and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at, Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Jeffrey G Demain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA; WWAMI School of Medicine, University of Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99516, USA.
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Fan L, Wang Y, Wu C, Ding Z. A commentary on "barriers and facilitators to sustainable operating theatres: a systematic review using the Theoretical Domains Framework". Int J Surg 2024; 110:01279778-990000000-00989. [PMID: 38241303 PMCID: PMC11020095 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Fan
- Postgraduate School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, China, 730000
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Postgraduate School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, China, 730000
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Department of Endocrine Nephrology, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital
| | - Zhixia Ding
- Operating Room, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Barrett B, Walters S, Checovich MM, Grabow ML, Middlecamp C, Wortzel B, Tetrault K, Riordan KM, Goldberg S. Mindful Eco-Wellness: Steps Toward Personal and Planetary Health. GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2024; 13:27536130241235922. [PMID: 38410151 PMCID: PMC10896055 DOI: 10.1177/27536130241235922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Rising greenhouse gas levels heat the earth's surface and alter climate patterns, posing unprecedented threats to planetary ecology and human health. At the same time, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease have reached epidemic proportions across the globe, caused in part by decreases in physical activity and by over-consumption of carbon-intensive foods. Thus, interventions that support active transportation (walking or cycling rather than driving) and healthier food choices (eating plant-based rather than meat-based diets) would yield health and sustainability "co-benefits." Emerging research suggests that mindfulness-based practices might be effective means toward these ends. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, we have developed a mindfulness-based group program, Mindful Eco-Wellness: Steps Toward Healthier Living. Loosely based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction course, our curriculum teaches mindfulness practices in tandem with sustainability principles, following weekly themes of Air, Water, Food, Energy, Transportation, Consumption, Nature Experience, and Ethics. For example, the "Air" class offers participants practice in guided breath meditations while they learn about the benefits of clean air. The theme of "Food" is presented through mindful eating, accompanied by educational videos highlighting the consequences of food production and consumption. "Transportation" includes walking/movement meditations and highlights the health benefits of physical activity and detriments of fossil-fueled transportation. Pedagogical lessons on energy, ecological sustainability, and the ethics of planetary health are intertwined with mindful nature experience and metta (loving-kindness) meditation. Curricular materials, including teaching videos, are freely available online. Pilot testing in community settings (n = 30) and in group medical visits (n = 34) has demonstrated feasibility; pilot data suggests potential effectiveness. Rigorous evaluation and testing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Barrett
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sarah Walters
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mary M. Checovich
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Maggie L. Grabow
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cathy Middlecamp
- Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Beth Wortzel
- Harmonia Center for Psychotherapy, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaitlin Tetrault
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin M. Riordan
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Simon Goldberg
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Pandipati S, Leong M, Basu R, Abel D, Hayer S, Conry J. Climate change: Overview of risks to pregnant persons and their offspring. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151836. [PMID: 37863676 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is one of the greatest challenges confronting humanity. Pregnant persons, their unborn children, and offspring are particularly vulnerable, as evidenced by adverse perinatal outcomes and increased rates of childhood illnesses. Environmental inequities compound the problem of maternal health inequities, and have given rise to the environmental justice movement. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics and other major medical societies have worked to heighten awareness and address the deleterious health effects of climate change and toxic environmental exposures. As part of routine prenatal, neonatal, and pediatric care, neonatal-perinatal care providers should incorporate discussions with their patients and families on potential harms and also identify actions to mitigate climate change effects on their health. This article provides clinicians with an overview of how climate change affects their patients, practical guidance in caring for them, and a frame setting of the articles to follow. Clinicians have a critical role to play, and the time to act is now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Pandipati
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Obstetrix of San Jose, e-Lōvu Health, United States.
| | - Melanie Leong
- Attending Neonatologist, Neonatal ECMO Services, The Regional Neonatal Center of Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, United States; Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, United States
| | - Rupa Basu
- Air and Climate Epidemiology Section, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California EPA, United States
| | - David Abel
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, United States
| | - Sarena Hayer
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health Sciences University, United States
| | - Jeanne Conry
- International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, United States
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17
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Ziegler C, Muchira J. Climate Change: The Ultimate Determinant of Health. Prim Care 2023; 50:645-655. [PMID: 37866837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Climate change ubiquitously influences social determinants of health via various pathways. Disproportionately burdening communities who have contributed the least to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and benefitted the least from economic benefits obtained through high-emission activities that cause climate change, climate justice must be centered in any discussion of health equity. This article will explore how climate change contributes to health disparities in vulnerable populations, why this is a justice issue for primary care to address, and what we can do to promote equity, resilience, and adaption in our current economic system while mitigating GHG emissions, leveraging the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ziegler
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
| | - James Muchira
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. https://twitter.com/JamesMuturi5
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18
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Taff SD, Yoo MG, Carlson KA, Bakhshi P. Climate Change and Occupational Therapy: Meeting the Urgent Need for Adaptation, Mitigation, and Resilience. Occup Ther Health Care 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37975196 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2023.2277220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change may be the most pressing existential threat to human health and wellbeing in the twenty first century. In this paper, the authors provide context and critique on barriers to climate action in the United States and other high-income countries, including the profit-driven approach to health, consumerism, and the climate change countermovement. The reciprocal connections between occupational engagement and climate damage are examined from a lens of collective and irresponsible occupations and subsequent accountability. The authors propose the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals as a basis for recommendations occupational therapy practitioners could implement within the priorities of adaptation, mitigation, and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Taff
- Program in Occupational Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Madelyn G Yoo
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelly A Carlson
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Parul Bakhshi
- Program in Occupational Therapy and Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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19
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Tulve NS, Guiseppi-Elie A, Geller AM, Ward-Caviness CK, Paul SJ, Lavoie ET, Rivers L, Frey HC. Redefining exposure science to advance research supporting cumulative impacts, environmental justice, and decision-making. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 33:843-845. [PMID: 37945924 PMCID: PMC10733134 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle S Tulve
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Annette Guiseppi-Elie
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Andrew M Geller
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Cavin K Ward-Caviness
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sean J Paul
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emma T Lavoie
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Louie Rivers
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - H Christopher Frey
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
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20
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Zhu Y, He C, Gasparrini A, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Liu C, Bachwenkizi J, Zhou L, Cheng Y, Kan L, Chen R, Kan H. Global warming may significantly increase childhood anemia burden in sub-Saharan Africa. ONE EARTH (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 6:1388-1399. [PMID: 37904727 PMCID: PMC7615260 DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Childhood anemia constitutes a global public health problem, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, it remains unknown whether global warming has an impact on childhood anemia. Here, we examined the association between annual temperatures and childhood anemia prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and then projected childhood anemia burden attributable to climate change. Each 1°C increment in annual temperature was associated with increased odds of childhood anemia (odd ratio = 1.138, 95% confidence interval: 1.134-1.142). Compared with the baseline period (1985-2014), the attributable childhood anemia cases would increase by 7,597 per 100,000 person-years under a high-emission scenario in the 2090s, which would be almost 2-fold and over 3-fold more than those projected in moderate- and low-emission scenarios. Our results reveal the vulnerabilities and inequalities of children for the excess burden of anemia due to climate warming and highlight the importance of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Zhu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng He
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Helmholtz Zentrum Mu€nchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antonio Gasparrini
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre for Statistical Methodology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jovine Bachwenkizi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuexin Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, China
| | - Lena Kan
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children’s Health, Shanghai, China
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21
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Bleckmann C, Leyendecker B, Busch J. Sexual and Gender Minorities Facing the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Systematic Review of the Distinctive Psychosocial and Health-Related Impact. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2023; 70:2741-2762. [PMID: 35576127 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2022.2074335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual and gender minorities (SGM) constitute vulnerable groups in many countries. Thus, they might be affected to a different extent than heterosexual and cisgender individuals by the Coronavirus pandemic. This systematic review aimed to summarize the state of international research on the mental and physical health-related as well as socioeconomic effects of the Coronavirus pandemic on SGM individuals. Following the PRISMA protocol, we identified 35 publications, including different article formats. We considered minority stress theory and intersectionality in synthesizing the reviewed literature. Our key finding implicates that both minority- and pandemic-specific adversities have increased the vulnerabilities of SGM individuals during the Coronavirus pandemic. Minority-specific stressors include discrimination experiences, poorer mental and physical health, and fewer socioeconomic resources. Pandemic-specific challenges such as the deferral and delay of medication or school closing have exposed certain SGM subgroups (transgender individuals, young SGM) to particularly high risk. Moreover, the reviewed evidence suggests distinctive interactive effects of minority-specific stressors with pandemic-specific challenges (e.g., being forced to stay close to rejecting others during lockdown periods). A significant share of the included literature was US-based, while research from other countries remained scarce. The specific mechanisms still deserve to be better understood to protect SGM in future crises, especially during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bleckmann
- Child and Family Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Julian Busch
- Child and Family Research, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Center for Research on Education and School Development, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
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22
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White BP, Breakey S, Brown MJ, Smith JR, Tarbet A, Nicholas PK, Ros AMV. Mental Health Impacts of Climate Change Among Vulnerable Populations Globally: An Integrative Review. Ann Glob Health 2023; 89:66. [PMID: 37810609 PMCID: PMC10558031 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.4105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Climate change has been shown to be directly linked to multiple physiological sequelae and to impact health consequences. However, the impact of climate change on mental health globally, particularly among vulnerable populations, is less well understood. Objective To explore the mental health impacts of climate change in vulnerable populations globally. Methods We performed an integrative literature review to identify published articles that addressed the research question: What are the mental health impacts of climate change among vulnerable populations globally? The Vulnerable Populations Conceptual Model served as a theoretical model during the review process and data synthesis. Findings/Results One hundred and four articles were selected for inclusion in this review after a comprehensive review of 1828 manuscripts. Articles were diverse in scope and populations addressed. Land-vulnerable persons (either due to occupation or geographic location), Indigenous persons, children, older adults, and climate migrants were among the vulnerable populations whose mental health was most impacted by climate change. The most prevalent mental health responses to climate change included solastalgia, suicidality, depression, anxiety/eco-anxiety, PTSD, substance use, insomnia, and behavioral disturbance. Conclusions Mental health professionals including physicians, nurses, physician assistants and other healthcare providers have the opportunity to mitigate the mental health impacts of climate change among vulnerable populations through assessment, preventative education and care. An inclusive and trauma-informed response to climate-related disasters, use of validated measures of mental health, and a long-term therapeutic relationship that extends beyond the immediate consequences of climate change-related events are approaches to successful mental health care in a climate-changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Patrick White
- MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, US
| | - Suellen Breakey
- MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, US
| | - Margaret J. Brown
- MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, US
| | - Jenny Rand Smith
- MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, US
| | - Amanda Tarbet
- SFPE Foundation, 9711 Washingtonian Blvd, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, US
| | - Patrice K. Nicholas
- Center for Climate Change, Climate Justice, and Health, MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, 36 1@st Avenue, Boston, MA 02129, US
| | - Ana M. Viamonte Ros
- Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, US
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23
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Garcia Diaz LV, Richardson J. Occupational therapy's contributions to combating climate change and lifestyle diseases. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:992-999. [PMID: 34663164 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2021.1989484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interdependence between human occupations, lifestyle diseases and climate change provides an opportunity to address them simultaneously. Occupational therapists' training in lifestyle modification and knowledge about the impact of the physical environment on daily occupations puts them in a unique position to contribute to global efforts of combating climate change and lifestyle diseases through the promotion of sustainable occupations. AIM To illustrate how occupational therapists can contribute to global efforts of combating climate change and lifestyle diseases by framing climate change from a personal and public health perspective. METHOD In this discussion paper we argue that occupational therapists can use education and lifestyle modification to support individuals in the prevention and management of lifestyle diseases and that they can help design and advocate for environments that promote sustainable occupations. RESULT This discussion paper highlights the contributions that occupational therapists can make to how we understand and address climate change and lifestyle diseases. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE We argue that by framing the climate change discourse from a health perspective, occupational therapists can contribute to global efforts of combating climate change and lifestyle diseases by supporting individuals to engage in sustainable occupations and communities to facilitate this engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V Garcia Diaz
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Julie Richardson
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Abstract
The climate crisis is a major public health threat for children, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable populations. Climate change causes a myriad of health issues for children, including respiratory illness, heat stress, infectious disease, the effects of weather-related disasters, and psychological sequelae. Pediatric clinicians must identify and address these issues in the clinical setting. Strong advocacy from pediatric clinicians is needed to help prevent the worst effects of the climate crisis and to support the elimination of use of fossil fuels and enactment of climate-friendly policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth A Etzel
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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25
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Lemon SC, Joseph HA, Williams S, Brown C, Aytur S, Catalano K, Chacker S, Goins KV, Rudolph L, Whitehead S, Zimmerman S, Schramm PJ. Reimagining the Role of Health Departments and Their Partners in Addressing Climate Change: Revising the Building Resilience against Climate Effects (BRACE) Framework. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6447. [PMID: 37568988 PMCID: PMC10419192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Public health departments have important roles to play in addressing the local health impacts of climate change, yet are often not well prepared to do so. The Climate and Health Program (CHP) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the Building Resilience Against Climate Effects (BRACE) framework in 2012 as a five-step planning framework to support public health departments and their partners to respond to the health impacts of climate change. CHP has initiated a process to revise the framework to address learnings from a decade of experience with BRACE and advances in the science and practice of addressing climate and health. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the methodology for revising the BRACE framework and the expected outputs of this process. Development of the revised framework and associated guidance and tools will be guided by a multi-sector expert panel, and finalization will be informed by usability testing. Planned revisions to BRACE will (1) be consistent with the vision of Public Health 3.0 and position health departments as "chief health strategists" in their communities, who are responsible for facilitating the establishment and maintenance of cross-sector collaborations with community organizations, other partners, and other government agencies to address local climate impacts and prevent further harm to historically underserved communities; (2) place health equity as a central, guiding tenet; (3) incorporate greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, in addition to its previous focus on climate adaptation; and (4) feature a new set of tools to support BRACE implementation among a diverse set of users. The revised BRACE framework and the associated tools will support public health departments and their partners as they strive to prevent and reduce the negative health impacts of climate change for everyone, while focusing on improving health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephenie C. Lemon
- Prevention Research Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Heather A. Joseph
- Climate and Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (H.A.J.); (S.W.); (C.B.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Samantha Williams
- Climate and Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (H.A.J.); (S.W.); (C.B.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Claudia Brown
- Climate and Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (H.A.J.); (S.W.); (C.B.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Semra Aytur
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Health and Human Services, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
| | - Katherine Catalano
- Center for Climate, Health and Equity, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC 20001, USA;
| | | | - Karin V. Goins
- Prevention Research Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Linda Rudolph
- Center for Climate Change and Health, Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA 94607, USA;
| | - Sandra Whitehead
- College of Professional Studies, Sustainable Urban Planning Program, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | | | - Paul J. Schramm
- Climate and Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (H.A.J.); (S.W.); (C.B.); (P.J.S.)
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26
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Deivanayagam TA, English S, Hickel J, Bonifacio J, Guinto RR, Hill KX, Huq M, Issa R, Mulindwa H, Nagginda HP, de Morais Sato P, Selvarajah S, Sharma C, Devakumar D. Envisioning environmental equity: climate change, health, and racial justice. Lancet 2023; 402:64-78. [PMID: 37263280 PMCID: PMC10415673 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a broad range of health impacts and tackling climate change could be the greatest opportunity for improving global health this century. Yet conversations on climate change and health are often incomplete, giving little attention to structural discrimination and the need for racial justice. Racism kills, and climate change kills. Together, racism and climate change interact and have disproportionate effects on the lives of minoritised people both within countries and between the Global North and the Global South. This paper has three main aims. First, to survey the literature on the unequal health impacts of climate change due to racism, xenophobia, and discrimination through a scoping review. We found that racially minoritised groups, migrants, and Indigenous communities face a disproportionate burden of illness and mortality due to climate change in different contexts. Second, this paper aims to highlight inequalities in responsibility for climate change and the effects thereof. A geographical visualisation of responsibility for climate change and projected mortality and disease risk attributable to climate change per 100 000 people in 2050 was conducted. These maps visualise the disproportionate burden of illness and mortality due to climate change faced by the Global South. Our third aim is to highlight the pathways through which climate change, discrimination, and health interact in most affected areas. Case studies, testimony, and policy analysis drawn from multidisciplinary perspectives are presented throughout the paper to elucidate these pathways. The health community must urgently examine and repair the structural discrimination that drives the unequal impacts of climate change to achieve rapid and equitable action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagawathi Abi Deivanayagam
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
| | - Sonora English
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jason Hickel
- Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; International Inequalities Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Jon Bonifacio
- Youth Advocates for Climate Action Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Renzo R Guinto
- Planetary and Global Health Program, St Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H Quasha Memorial, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kyle X Hill
- Department of Indigenous Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Mita Huq
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rita Issa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK; School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Chetna Sharma
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Delan Devakumar
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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27
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Melaku G, Belay Getahun S, Abebe M, Shumye S, Semagn S. The Association Between Domestic Violence and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women Seeking Antenatal Care at Public Hospitals in Gedeo Zone: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1833-1843. [PMID: 37404958 PMCID: PMC10317523 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s419473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Domestic violence is any harmful behavior by an intimate partner, such as physical, sexual, or psychological abuse. In Ethiopia, domestic violence is a serious and widespread problem. It affects two-thirds (64.6%) of pregnant women and increases the risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Domestic violence during pregnancy is a growing public health problem that may contribute to maternal and perinatal mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to assess the association between domestic violence during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Gedeo Zone Public Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia. Material and Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study on 142 pregnant women in their third trimester who attended public health institutions in Gedeo Zone for antenatal care. We compared 47 women who were exposed to domestic violence with 95 who were not and followed them until 24 hours after delivery or drop-out. We used SPSS version-24 to analyze data and logistic regression to examine the association between domestic violence and pregnancy outcomes. We reported the results using an adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value. Results Out of 142 women, who completed the follow-up, 47 were exposed to domestic violence and 95 were not. We found a strong link between domestic violence and preterm birth. Women exposed to domestic violence had a four-fold higher risk of preterm birth (AOR= 4.392, 95% CI: 1.117, 6.588) than those who were not. They also had a 2.5-fold higher risk of perinatal death (AOR= 2.562, 95% CI: 1.041, 6.308). Conclusion Domestic violence during pregnancy affects many pregnant women in southern Ethiopia and harms their babies. It leads to preterm birth and perinatal death, which can be prevented. The Ethiopian government and other stakeholders need to protect pregnant women from intimate partner violence urgently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getnet Melaku
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Senait Belay Getahun
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Abebe
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Seid Shumye
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Selamawit Semagn
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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28
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Melton CC, De Fries CM, Smith RM, Mason LR. Wildfires and Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Impacts, Risks, and Interventions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6252. [PMID: 37444100 PMCID: PMC10341407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is leading to worsening disasters that disproportionately impact older adults. While research has begun to measure disparities, there is a gap in examining wildfire-specific disasters. To address this gap, this scoping review analyzed literature to explore the nexus of wildfires and older adults. We searched peer-reviewed literature using the following inclusion criteria: (1) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) available in English; (3) examines at least one topic related to wildfires; and (4) examines how criterion three relates to older adults in at least one way. Authors screened 261 titles and abstracts and 138 were reviewed in full, with 75 articles meeting inclusion criteria. Findings heavily focused on health impacts of wildfires on older adults, particularly of smoke exposure and air quality. While many articles mentioned a need for community-engaged responses that incorporate the needs of older adults, few addressed firsthand experiences of older adults. Other common topics included problems with evacuation, general health impacts, and Indigenous elders' fire knowledge. Further research is needed at the nexus of wildfires and older adults to highlight both vulnerabilities and needs as well as the unique experience and knowledge of older adults to inform wildfire response strategies and tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lisa Reyes Mason
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA; (C.C.M.); (C.M.D.F.); (R.M.S.)
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Belzer A, Parker ER. Climate Change, Skin Health, and Dermatologic Disease: A Guide for the Dermatologist. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023:10.1007/s40257-023-00770-y. [PMID: 37336870 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a pervasive impact on health and is of clinical relevance to every organ system. Climate change-related factors impact the skin's capacity to maintain homeostasis, leading to a variety of cutaneous diseases. Stratospheric ozone depletion has led to increased risk of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas due to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pemphigus, acne vulgaris, melasma, and photoaging are all associated with rising levels of air pollution. Elevated temperatures due to global warming induce disruption of the skin microbiome, thereby impacting atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and psoriasis, and high temperatures are associated with exacerbation of skin disease and increased risk of heat stroke. Extreme weather events due to climate change, including floods and wildfires, are of relevance to the dermatologist as these events are implicated in cutaneous injuries, skin infections, and acute worsening of inflammatory skin disorders. The health consequences as well as the economic and social burden of climate change fall most heavily on vulnerable and marginalized populations due to structural disparities. As dermatologists, understanding the interaction of climate change and skin health is essential to appropriately manage dermatologic disease and advocate for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Belzer
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eva Rawlings Parker
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 719 Thompson Lane, Suite 26-300, Nashville, TN, 37204, USA.
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Schulte PA, Jacklitsch BL, Bhattacharya A, Chun H, Edwards N, Elliott KC, Flynn MA, Guerin R, Hodson L, Lincoln JM, MacMahon KL, Pendergrass S, Siven J, Vietas J. Updated assessment of occupational safety and health hazards of climate change. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2023; 20:183-206. [PMID: 37104117 PMCID: PMC10443088 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2023.2205468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Workers, particularly outdoor workers, are among the populations most disproportionately affected by climate-related hazards. However, scientific research and control actions to comprehensively address these hazards are notably absent. To assess this absence, a seven-category framework was developed in 2009 to characterize the scientific literature published from 1988-2008. Using this framework, a second assessment examined the literature published through 2014, and the current one examines literature from 2014-2021. The objectives were to present literature that updates the framework and related topics and increases awareness of the role of climate change in occupational safety and health. In general, there is substantial literature on worker hazards related to ambient temperatures, biological hazards, and extreme weather but less on air pollution, ultraviolet radiation, industrial transitions, and the built environment. There is growing literature on mental health and health equity issues related to climate change, but much more research is needed. The socioeconomic impacts of climate change also require more research. This study illustrates that workers are experiencing increased morbidity and mortality related to climate change. In all areas of climate-related worker risk, including geoengineering, research is needed on the causality and prevalence of hazards, along with surveillance to identify, and interventions for hazard prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Schulte
- Advanced Technologies and Laboratories International, Inc, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - B. L. Jacklitsch
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - A. Bhattacharya
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - H. Chun
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, Georgia
| | - N. Edwards
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - K. C. Elliott
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Anchorage, Alaska
| | - M. A. Flynn
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R. Guerin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - L. Hodson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (retired), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J. M. Lincoln
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - K. L. MacMahon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - S. Pendergrass
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (retired), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J. Siven
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - J. Vietas
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio
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Khalid A, Babry JA, Vearey J, Zenner D. TURNING UP THE HEAT: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE MIGRATION AND HEALTH IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE. J Migr Health 2023; 7:100172. [PMID: 37034244 PMCID: PMC10074782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2023.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The triangular relationship between climate change-related events, patterns of human migration and their implications for health is an important yet understudied issue. To improve understanding of this complex relationship, a comprehensive, interdisciplinary conceptual model will be useful. This paper investigates relationships between these factors and considers their impacts for affected populations globally. Methods A desk review of key literature was undertaken. An open-ended questionnaire consisting of 11 items was designed focusing on three themes: predicting population migration by understanding key variables, health implications, and suggestions on policy and research. After using purposive sampling we selected nine experts, reflecting diverse regional and professional backgrounds directly related to our research focus area. All responses were thematically analysed and key themes from the survey were synthesised to construct the conceptual model focusing on describing the relationship between global climate change, migration and health implications and a second model focusing on actionable suggestions for organisations working in the field, academia and policymakers. Results Key themes which constitute our conceptual model included: a description of migrant populations perceived to be at risk; health characteristics associated with different migratory patterns; health implications for both migrants and host populations; the responsibilities of global and local governance actors; and social and structural determinants of health. Less prominent themes were aspects related to slow-onset migratory patterns, voluntary stay, and voluntary migration. Actionable suggestions include an interdisciplinary and innovative approach to study the phenomenon for academicians, preparedness and globalized training and awareness for field organisations and migrant inclusive and climate sensitive approach for policymakers. Conclusion Contrary to common narratives, participants framed the impacts of climate change-related events on migration patterns and their health implications as non-linear and indirect, comprising many interrelated individual, social, cultural, demographic, geographical, structural, and political determinants. An understanding of these interactions in various contexts is essential for risk reduction and preventative measures. The way forward broadly includes inclusive and equity-based health services, improved and faster administrative systems, less restrictive (im)migration policies, globally trained staff, efficient and accessible research, and improved emergency response capabilities. The focus should be to increase preventative and adaptation measures in the face of any environmental changes and respond efficiently to different phases of migration to aim for better "health for all and promote universal well-being" (WHO) (World Health Organization 1999).
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Lao J, Ding G, Liu Y, Tang F. Association between cold spells and serum lipid levels among the elders: a distributed-lagged effects analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:32957-32964. [PMID: 36472734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Little evidence about the effects of cold spells on serum lipid levels is available. The aim of this study was to explore the association between cold spells and serum lipid levels among the elders in Jinan, China. Data of old adults from health check-up program in Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital was collected for this study. Linear mixed models combined with distributed lag nonlinear models were used to examine the relationship between cold spells and serum lipid levels, considering the confounding effects of age, sex, blood pressure, body mass index, and other meteorological factors. Subgroup analysis by gender and analysis based on different definitions of cold spells were also conducted. Increased TG levels in lag 0-lag 2 days and decreased TG levels in lag 5-lag 8 days after cold spells were observed among the elders. The largest increase was 0.363 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.184 ~ 0.543) in lag 0 day, while the largest decreased TG levels was 0.083 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.147 ~ 0.019) in lag 6 day. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of different sex and based on different definitions of cold spells. However, no significant association was found between cold spells with TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C. This study indicates that cold spells were significantly associated with serum TG levels in the elders. Effective preventive measures should be implemented around the cold spells to reduce the volatility of serum lipid levels and the occurrence of subsequent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jingshi Road 16766, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jingshi Road 16766, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
- Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jingshi Road 16766, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Inwald JF, Bruine de Bruin W, Yaggi M, Árvai J. Public Concern about Water Safety, Weather, and Climate: Insights from the World Risk Poll. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2075-2083. [PMID: 36695818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water safety refers to the quality of one's drinking water and whether it lacks dangerous contaminants. Limited access to safe water is projected to impact approximately 5 billion people worldwide by 2050. Climate change and worsening severe weather events pose increasing threats to global water safety. However, people may not perceive links between climate change and water safety, potentially undermining their willingness to implement behaviors that improve water safety. Existing studies on water safety risk perceptions have mostly been conducted in single-country contexts, which limits researchers' ability to make cross-national comparisons. Here, we assessed the extent to which people's severe weather concern and climate change concern predict their water safety concern. Our analyses used survey data from the 142-country 2019 Lloyd's Register Foundation World Risk Poll, including 21 low-income and 34 lower-middle-income countries. In mixed-effects models, severe weather concern was significantly more predictive of water safety concern than was climate change concern, although both resulted in positive associations. Worldwide, this finding was robust, insensitive to key model specifications and countries' varying protection against unsafe drinking water. We suggest communicators and policymakers improve messaging about water safety and other environmental threats by explaining how they are impacted by worsening severe weather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Inwald
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
| | - Wändi Bruine de Bruin
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
| | - Marc Yaggi
- Waterkeeper Alliance, New York, New York 10038, United States
| | - Joseph Árvai
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Wrigley Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
- Decision Research, Eugene, Oregon 97401, United States
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Chen LJ, Li ZZ, Zhou XW, Xing XY, Lv B. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals molecular responses of spider to single and combined high temperature and drought stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120763. [PMID: 36503821 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High temperature and drought are abiotic stresses restricting many arthropods' survival and growth. Wolf spiders are poikilothermic arthropods that are vital in managing insects and pests. Nonetheless, investigating changes in spiders under temperature and drought stress are limited, especially at the molecular and gene expression levels. The study found that the combined effects of high temperature and drought stress significantly reduced survival rates and raised superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels in the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. An integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes and metabolites were highly enriched in pathways involved in the proteolysis and oxidation-reduction process. The gene expression profiles displayed that heat shock protein (HSP) families (i.e., small heat shock protein, HSP70, HSP90, and HSP beta protein) were up-regulated under temperature and/or drought stresses. Additionally, a conjoint analysis revealed that under the combined stress, several important enzymes, including maltase-glucoamylase, glycerol-6-phosphate transporter, alanine-glyoxylate transaminase, and prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase, were altered, affecting the metabolism of starch, sucrose, amino acids, and arachidonic acid. The protein interaction network further confirmed that under the combined stress, metabolic processes, peptide metabolic processes, and ATP generation from ADP were up-regulated, indicating that spiders could accelerate the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins to combat stress and maintain homeostasis. Overall, this work showed that exposure to a combination of pressures might cause distinct defensive reactions in spiders and offered novel perspectives to research the molecular underpinnings of spider adaptation to a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Chen
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099, Shaoyang, China.
| | - Zhe-Zhi Li
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099, Shaoyang, China
| | - Xuan-Wei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Xing
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, 422099, Shaoyang, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, 65211, Columbia, USA
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Deivanayagam TA, Selvarajah S, Hickel J, Guinto RR, de Morais Sato P, Bonifacio J, English S, Huq M, Issa R, Mulindwa H, Nagginda HP, Sharma C, Devakumar D. Climate change, health, and discrimination: action towards racial justice. Lancet 2023; 401:5-7. [PMID: 36343651 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thilagawathi Abi Deivanayagam
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
| | - Sujitha Selvarajah
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Jason Hickel
- Institute for Environmental Science and Technology and Department of Anthropology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; International Inequalities Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Renzo R Guinto
- Planetary and Global Health Program, St Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H Quasha Memorial, Quezon City, Philippines; Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Jon Bonifacio
- Youth Advocates for Climate Action Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Sonora English
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mita Huq
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Rita Issa
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | | | - Chetna Sharma
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Delan Devakumar
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Al-Jawaldeh A, Nabhani M, Taktouk M, Nasreddine L. Climate Change and Nutrition: Implications for the Eastern Mediterranean Region. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192417086. [PMID: 36554966 PMCID: PMC9779613 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is considered among the world's most vulnerable to the dire impacts of climate change. This review paper aims at (1) characterizing climate change in countries of the EMR; (2) examining the potential effects of climate change on the nutritional and health status of the population; and (3) identifying the most vulnerable population groups. The paper explored several climate change indicators including daily temperatures, extreme temperature, daily precipitation, extreme precipitation (flooding, drought, storms, etc.), humidity, CO2 concentrations and sea surface temperature in EMR countries. Findings suggest that climate change will exert a significant adverse effect on water and food security and showed that the nutritional status of the population, which is already characterized by the triple burden of malnutrition, is likely to worsen via three main pathways mediated by climate change, namely, its impact on food security, care and health. Women, infants, children, those living in poor households and those experiencing displacement will be among the most vulnerable to the nutritional impacts of climate change. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations from the Initiative on Climate Action and Nutrition, which can support the region in tackling the critical nexus of climate change and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), World Health Organization (WHO), Cairo 7608, Egypt
| | - Maya Nabhani
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Mandy Taktouk
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
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Wigand ME, Timmermann C, Scherp A, Becker T, Steger F. Climate Change, Pollution, Deforestation, and Mental Health: Research Trends, Gaps, and Ethical Considerations. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2022GH000632. [PMID: 36330078 PMCID: PMC9623432 DOI: 10.1029/2022gh000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, pollution, and deforestation have a negative impact on global mental health. There is an environmental justice dimension to this challenge as wealthy people and high-income countries are major contributors to climate change and pollution, while poor people and low-income countries are heavily affected by the consequences. Using state-of-the art data mining, we analyzed and visualized the global research landscape on mental health, climate change, pollution and deforestation over a 15-year period. Metadata of papers were exported from PubMed®, and both relevance and relatedness of terms in different time frames were computed using VOSviewer. Co-occurrence graphs were used to visualize results. The development of exemplary terms over time was plotted separately. The number of research papers on mental health and environmental challenges is growing in a linear fashion. Major topics are climate change, chemical pollution, including psychiatric medication in wastewater, and neurobiological effects. Research on specific psychiatric syndromes and diseases, particularly on their ethical and social aspects is less prominent. There is a growing body of research literature on links between mental health, climate change, pollution, and deforestation. This research provides a graphic overview to mental healthcare professionals and political stakeholders. Social and ethical aspects of the climate change-mental health link have been neglected, and more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz E. Wigand
- Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of MedicineUlm UniversityUlmGermany
- Department of Psychiatry IIUlm University and Bezirkskrankenhaus GünzburgGünzburgGermany
- Department of PsychiatryImland Klinik Rendsburg/EckernfördeRendsburgGermany
| | - Cristian Timmermann
- Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of MedicineUlm UniversityUlmGermany
- Ethics of Medicine, Medical FacultyUniversity of AugsburgAugsburgGermany
| | - Ansgar Scherp
- Data Science and Big Data Analytics GroupUlm UniversityUlmGermany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Psychiatry IIUlm University and Bezirkskrankenhaus GünzburgGünzburgGermany
| | - Florian Steger
- Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of MedicineUlm UniversityUlmGermany
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Shi L, Fisher A, Brenner RM, Greiner-Safi A, Shepard C, Vanucchi J. Equitable buyouts? Learning from state, county, and local floodplain management programs. CLIMATIC CHANGE 2022; 174:29. [PMID: 36320326 PMCID: PMC9607794 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-022-03453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-exacerbated flooding has renewed interest in property buyouts as a pillar of managed retreat from coastal zones and floodplains in the United States. However, federal buyout programs are widely critiqued for being inaccessible and inequitable. To learn whether and how subnational buyout programs overcome these limitations, we examined five leading US state, county, and local buyout programs to see what they teach us about redesigning future federal policies. Our mixed-methods research used interviews and document analysis to develop case studies, juxtaposed subnational strategies against a review of critiques of federal buyouts, and focus group discussions with subnational buyout managers and experts to identify limitations of their programs. We find that subnational programs can be more inclusive and better respond to resident needs as compared to existing federal programs due to their access to dedicated, non-federal funding and their standing institutional status, which allows them to learn and evolve over time. Nevertheless, these programs lack coordination with and control over agencies that permit development and produce affordable housing. This gives buyout programs limited power in shaping the overall equity of who lives in floodplains and who has access to affordable, resilient housing after a buyout. Their experiences suggest federal programs can support managed retreat nationwide by increasing support for institutional and staff capacity at state and county levels, encouraging efforts to bridge institutional silos at subnational levels, and holistically mainstream climate considerations into regional floodplain development, affordable housing production, and flood risk mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Shi
- Department of City and Regional Planning, Cornell University, 213 West Sibley Hall, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | - Rebecca M. Brenner
- Jeb E. Brooks School of Public Policy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Amelia Greiner-Safi
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health and Department of Communication, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | - Jamie Vanucchi
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
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Meier BM, Bustreo F, Gostin LO. Climate Change, Public Health and Human Rights. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13744. [PMID: 36360623 PMCID: PMC9658854 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change poses a cataclysmic threat to public health and human rights [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mason Meier
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- O’Neill Institute for National & Global Health Law, Georgetown Law, Washington, DC 20001, USA
| | - Flavia Bustreo
- Fondation Botnar, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
- Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lawrence O. Gostin
- O’Neill Institute for National & Global Health Law, Georgetown Law, Washington, DC 20001, USA
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40
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Peters F. The role of critical methodologies in climate psychology scholarship: themes, gaps, and futures. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00812463221130158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is a global problem caused by humans. Climate psychology scholarship aims to assist human beings in mitigating and adapting to this problem’s consequences. A brief scoping review was conducted first. The findings indicated that most of the literature was quantitative and theoretical in orientation, with only two qualitatively focused. A dearth of information exploring qualitative methodologies was found. The brief scoping review justified the need for this narrative review that explored the critical methodologies used by climate psychology scholars. The narrative review covered the period 2009–2022. Search terms included ‘climate psychology’ and ‘climate change and psychology’. A critical transformative paradigm informed the analysis. The narrative review found that climate psychology scholars in the selected articles actively addressed social justice and represented marginalised peoples’ voices through participatory action research, grounded theory, narrative theory, capabilities theory, discursive psychology, and strengths-based approaches. Three authors presented their positionality statements. Ten articles used a qualitative approach, while three used a quantitative approach. The use of interviews and thematic analysis was dominant. Researchers demonstrated an awareness of power and its influence on the research process. The methodology could be enhanced if they provided more detail on how they addressed power as a guide for future researchers. Furthermore, it would be beneficial to explore their perceptions of how critical methodologies can be more actively incorporated into climate psychology scholarship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Peters
- Department of Psychology, University of Venda, South Africa
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Constantino SM, Sparkman G, Kraft-Todd GT, Bicchieri C, Centola D, Shell-Duncan B, Vogt S, Weber EU. Scaling Up Change: A Critical Review and Practical Guide to Harnessing Social Norms for Climate Action. Psychol Sci Public Interest 2022; 23:50-97. [DOI: 10.1177/15291006221105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic carbon emissions have the potential to trigger changes in climate and ecosystems that would be catastrophic for the well-being of humans and other species. Widespread shifts in production and consumption patterns are urgently needed to address climate change. Although transnational agreements and national policy are necessary for a transition to a fully decarbonized global economy, fluctuating political priorities and lobbying by vested interests have slowed these efforts. Against this backdrop, bottom-up pressure from social movements and shifting social norms may offer a complementary path to a more sustainable economy. Furthermore, norm change may be an important component of decarbonization policies by accelerating or strengthening the impacts of other demand-side measures. Individual actions and policy support are social processes—they are intimately linked to expectations about the actions and beliefs of others. Although prevailing social norms often reinforce the status quo and unsustainable development pathways, social dynamics can also create widespread and rapid shifts in cultural values and practices, including increasing pressure on politicians to enact ambitious policy. We synthesize literature on social-norm influence, measurement, and change from the perspectives of psychology, anthropology, sociology, and economics. We discuss the opportunities and challenges for the use of social-norm and social-tipping interventions to promote climate action. Social-norm interventions aimed at addressing climate change or other social dilemmas are promising but no panacea. They require in-depth contextual knowledge, ethical consideration, and situation-specific tailoring and testing to understand whether they can be effectively implemented at scale. Our review aims to provide practitioners with insights and tools to reflect on the promises and pitfalls of such interventions in diverse contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Constantino
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University
- School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University
| | - Gregg Sparkman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College
| | | | - Cristina Bicchieri
- Center for Social Norms and Behavioral Dynamics, University of Pennsylvania
- Departments of Philosophy and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania
- Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Damon Centola
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania
- School of Engineering, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Sonja Vogt
- Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC), University of Lausanne
- Centre for Development and Environment, University of Bern
- Centre for Experimental Social Sciences, Nuffield College, University of Oxford
| | - Elke U. Weber
- School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University
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Ayalon L, Roy S. The Role of Ageism in Climate Change Worries and Willingness to Act. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 42:1305-1312. [PMID: 36189610 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221130323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the association of negative ageist prescriptive expectations regarding older people with worries about climate change and willingness to act. An online survey was completed by 250 Australians over the age 18. Higher levels of ageism (e.g., negative prescriptive views towards older people) were associated with fears about the impact of climate change on one's life, worries about the impact of climate change on older members of the family, and willingness to pay higher taxes to fight climate change. Holding more negative prescriptive views towards older people can serve as an incentive to act and at the same time carries an emotional negative valence associated with concerns and worries about the impact of climate change. Although willingness to act and concerns about climate change may inspire adaptation and mitigation efforts, it is important to ensure that they are not tied to ageism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Ayalon
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, 26731Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Senjooti Roy
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, 26731Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Mannebach K, Dressel A, Eason L. Pediatric tuberculosis in India: Justice and human rights. Public Health Nurs 2022; 39:1058-1064. [PMID: 35152480 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest infectious disease across the world, with the greatest burden occurring in India. Pregnant women and children are especially vulnerable to adverse effects from infection, and they tend to have diminished ability to protect themselves. Malnutrition, HIV, and other causes of immune suppression such as exposure to air pollution make one more prone to serious illness or death from TB infection. Risk factors are influenced by maternal education, access to health care, poverty, nutrition, healthcare stigma, and sanitation, among others. Current literature is heavily clinical, lacking focus on upstream factors, with a skew toward secondary and tertiary prevention strategies (i.e., case finding and treatment), and less emphasis on primary prevention (e.g., wealth equity and environmental regulation). Given concerns with extremely drug resistant TB and because infectious diseases can permeate National borders, public health nurses, and other healthcare professionals must educate themselves and advocate on behalf of vulnerable populations such as children in India. Improved sanitation, air quality monitoring, women's education, and increased access to health care are cost-effective and evidence-based strategies to address pediatric TB in India, a challenge which is grounded in human rights and justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinsey Mannebach
- Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anne Dressel
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Leighann Eason
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Lichter KE, Anderson J, Sim AJ, Baniel CC, Thiel CL, Chuter R, Collins A, Carollo E, Berg CD, Coleman CN, Abdel-Wahab M, Grover S, Singer L, Mohamad O. Transitioning to Environmentally Sustainable, Climate-Smart Radiation Oncology Care. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022; 113:915-924. [PMID: 35841919 PMCID: PMC10024638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Lichter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California.
| | - Justin Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Austin J Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida; Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Claire C Baniel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Cassandra L Thiel
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Robert Chuter
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom; Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Heath, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Collins
- Health Care Without Harm, Reston, Virginia; Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Erin Carollo
- Loyola University Chicago-Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - C Norman Coleman
- Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May Abdel-Wahab
- Division of Human Health, Radiation Oncology, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Surbhi Grover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa Singer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, California; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California
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In Search of the Innovative Digital Solutions Enhancing Social Pro-Environmental Engagement. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: In this paper, we analyze the potential of various digital tools such as gamification-based applications or digital currencies in enabling the social engagement in climate change mitigation processes by encouraging pro-environmental behaviors. Therefore, as a result of this study, we aim to develop a conceptual framework for a green digital tool, dedicated to cities seeking to shape their resilience by supporting bottom-up initiatives and encouraging residents to join the effort through educational interventions. Methods: The study was divided into four steps using a variety of methodological approaches, including a review of the SLR literature, analysis of the successes and failures of existing solutions, and qualitative workshops with stakeholders. Findings: The conceptual basis of the proposed solution has been developed based on the existing knowledge on pro-environmental nudging and lessons learnt from existing solutions. Value/originality: The developed conceptual framework can contribute to local economies while promoting social solidarity. It has the potential to build communities which can act together for the purpose of urban climate resilience because, from the very beginning, it is co-created together with residents. Practical implementation and beneficiaries: The concept described in this paper can serve cities as a supportive solution, shaping climate change awareness and attitudes toward active engagement.
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Theron E, Bills CB, Calvello Hynes EJ, Stassen W, Rublee C. Climate change and emergency care in Africa: A scoping review. Afr J Emerg Med 2022; 12:121-128. [PMID: 35371912 PMCID: PMC8958270 DOI: 10.1016/j.afjem.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Climate change is a global public health emergency with implications for access to care and emergency care service disruptions. The African continent is particularly vulnerable to climate-related extreme weather events due to an already overburdened health system, lack of early warning signs, poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and variable adaptive capacity. Emergency care services are not only utilized during these events but also threatened by these hazards. Considering that the effects of climate change are expected to increase in intensity and prevalence, it is increasingly important for emergency care to prepare to respond to the changes in presentation and demand. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review of the available literature on the relationship between climate change and emergency care on the African continent. Methods A scoping review was completed using five databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, GreenFILE, Africa Wide Information, and Google Scholar. A 'grey' literature search was done to identify key reports and references from included articles. Two independent reviewers screened articles and a third reviewer decided conflicts. A total of 1,382 individual articles were initially screened with 17 meeting full text review. A total of six articles were included in the final analysis. Data from four countries were represented including Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Results Analysis of the six articles yielded three key themes that were identified: climate-related health impacts that contribute to surges in demand and resource utilization, opportunities for health sector engagement, and solutions to improve emergency preparedness. Authors used the outcomes of the review to propose 10 recommendations for decision-makers and leaders. DXDiscussion Incorporating these key recommendations at the local and national level could help improve preparedness and adaptation measures in highly vulnerable, populated areas on the African continent.
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Ioannou LG, Foster J, Morris NB, Piil JF, Havenith G, Mekjavic IB, Kenny GP, Nybo L, Flouris AD. Occupational heat strain in outdoor workers: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 9:67-102. [PMID: 35655665 PMCID: PMC9154804 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2030634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present comprehensive review (i) summarizes the current knowledge on the impacts of occupational heat stress on outdoor workers, (ii) provides a historical background on this issue, (iii) presents a meta-analysis of published data, (iv) explores inter-individual and intra-individual factors, (v) discusses the available heat mitigation strategies, (vi) estimates physical work capacity, labour productivity, and metabolic rate for the year 2030, and (vii) provides an overview of existing policy and legal frameworks on occupational heat exposure. Meta-analytic findings from 38 field studies that involved monitoring 2,409 outdoor workers across 41 jobs in 21 countries suggest that occupational heat stress increases the core (r = 0.44) and skin (r = 0.44) temperatures, as well as the heart rate (r = 0.38) and urine specific gravity (r = 0.13) of outdoor workers (all p < 0.05). Moreover, it diminishes the capacity of outdoor workers for manual labour (r = -0.82; p < 0.001) and is responsible for more than two thirds of the reduction in their metabolic rate. Importantly, our analysis shows that physical work capacity is projected to be highly affected by the ongoing anthropogenic global warming. Nevertheless, the metabolic rate and, therefore, labour productivity are projected to remain at levels higher than the workers' physical work capacity, indicating that people will continue to work more intensely than they should to meet their financial obligations for food and shelter. In this respect, complementary measures targeting self-pacing, hydration, work-rest regimes, ventilated garments, and mechanization can be adopted to protect outdoor workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Josh Foster
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nathan B. Morris
- Department of Human Physiology & Nutrition, University of Colorado, Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Jacob F. Piil
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Havenith
- Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Igor B. Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Integrating Youth Perspectives: Adopting a Human Rights and Public Health Approach to Climate Action. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084840. [PMID: 35457706 PMCID: PMC9029808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is a multidimensional issue that affects all aspects of society, including public health and human rights. Climate change is already severely impacting people’s health and threatening people’s guaranteed fundamental rights, including those to life, health, self-determination, and education, among others. Across geographical regions, population groups and communities who are already marginalized due to age, gender, ethnicity, income, and other socioeconomic factors, are those who are disproportionately affected by climate impacts despite having contributed the least to global emissions. Although scholars have been calling for a human rights-based approach and a health perspective to climate action, the literature looking at this multidisciplinary intersection is still nascent, and governments have yet to implement such intersectoral policies. This commentary begins to reflect on the relationship between climate change, human rights, and public health from the perspective of young people engaged in climate action and discourse at the national and international levels. It presents a way forward on what we, as youth climate advocates and researchers, believe is a priority to bring intersectoral integration of human rights and public health approaches to climate change to fruition. First, scholars and practitioners should examine and support youth-led climate interventions that tackle human rights and public health violations incurred by the climate crisis. Second, participatory approaches to climate change must be designed by working synergistically with climate-vulnerable groups, including children and young people, practitioners and scholars in public health and human rights sectors to holistically address the social, health, and environmental impacts of the climate crisis and root causes of injustice. Finally, we recommend more holistic data collection to better inform evidence-based climate policies that operationalize human rights and public health co-benefits.
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Abstract
Stable housing is essential for health. Over 580,000 Americans experienced homelessness during one night in 2020, and over 37 million households spend over 30% of their income on housing. Unstable housing has been associated with mortality, acute care utilization, communicable and non-communicable diseases, a higher risk of kidney disease, and kidney disease progression. In this review, we define various forms of unstable housing, provide an overview of the interaction between unstable housing and health, and discuss existing evidence associating housing and kidney disease. We provide historical context for unstable housing in the United States, and detail policy, community, and individual-level factors that contribute to the risk of unstable housing. Unstable housing likely affects kidney health via a complex interplay of individual and structural factors. Various screening tools are available for use by providers. Special considerations should be made when working with individuals experiencing unstable housing to meet their unique needs, facilitate health care engagement, and optimize outcomes. Housing interventions have been shown to improve outcomes and should be examined for their role in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa K. Novick
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, TX
| | - Margot Kushel
- Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Deidra Crews
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Klein S, Lee JS, Courtney S, Morehead-Hillman L, Lau S, Lewis-Smith B, Sarna-Wojcicki D, Woelfle-Hazard C. Transforming Restoration Science: Multiple Knowledges and Community Research Cogeneration in the Klamath and Duwamish Rivers. Am Nat 2022; 200:156-167. [DOI: 10.1086/720153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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