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Lesica S, Skeel R, Fust BE, Jepsen A. Further validation of the Parent-Reported ADHD Symptom Infrequency Scale (PRASIS) in parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39072667 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2383701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to validate a novel parent-report measure of ADHD symptom inflation, the Parent-Reported ADHD Symptom Infrequency Scale (PRASIS), in a clinical sample. The PRASIS is composed of an Infrequency subscale and an ADHD subscale. Online participants were assigned to one of three groups: mothers of children with diagnosed ADHD (n = 110), mothers of children with diagnosed ODD and/or anxiety (n = 116), and mothers of children without ADHD, ODD, or anxiety. The third group was then randomized to either receive instructions to complete the questionnaire honestly (controls, n = 164) or to complete the questionnaire as if they were trying to convince a provider that their child has ADHD (simulators, n = 141). Results indicated good to excellent internal consistency (INF α = .83, ADHD Total α = .93); strong convergent validity of the PRASIS ADHD scale with the ADHD Rating Scale-5 (r(529) = .85, p < .001); excellent group discrimination of the PRASIS Infrequency scale and the PRASIS ADHD scale (η2 = 0.38-0.42); and specificity of 86.7, sensitivity of 67.4%, and an AUC of .86 for the Infrequency scale. Overall, these outcomes supported the utility of the PRASIS in samples including mothers of children with psychiatric diagnoses of ODD and/or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lesica
- Clinical Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Reid Skeel
- Clinical Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | | | - Arianna Jepsen
- Clinical Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
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Gong Y, Feng X, Chan MHM, Slesnick N. Prospective Associations of Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Emotion Dysregulation with Children's Internalizing Problems: The Moderating Role of Fathers. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4209113. [PMID: 38659889 PMCID: PMC11042429 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4209113/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of internalizing symptoms is prevalent among young children and can be observed as early as preschool years. Using a longitudinal approach, this study examined the moderating role of paternal depressive symptoms/emotion dysregulation in the prospective associations between maternal depressive symptoms/emotion dysregulation and children's internalizing problems (depressive and anxiety symptoms). Ninety-four preschoolers and their mothers and fathers participated in the study. Mothers and fathers completed online questionnaires for all variables when their children were 4 years old and one year later. The results indicated that paternal depressive symptoms moderated the association between maternal emotion dysregulation and children's later depressive, but not anxiety, symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of depressive symptoms in fathers exacerbated the negative influence of maternal emotion dysregulation on children's later depressive symptoms, whereas fathers with low levels of depressive symptoms served a protective role. The findings enhance our understanding of the interaction between maternal and paternal psychological characteristics in contributing to children's anxiety and depressive symptoms.
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Turner SE, Roos L, Nickel N, Pei J, Mandhane PJ, Moraes TJ, Turvey SE, Simons E, Subbarao P, Azad MB. Examining psychosocial pathways to explain the link between breastfeeding practices and child behaviour in a longitudinal cohort. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:675. [PMID: 38439033 PMCID: PMC10910759 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breastfeeding is associated with reduced postpartum depression, stronger parent-child relationships, and fewer behavioral disorders in early childhood. We tested the mediating roles of postpartum depression and parent-child relationship in the association between breastfeeding practices and child behavior. STUDY DESIGN We used standardized questionnaire data from a subset of the CHILD Cohort Study (n = 1,573) to measure postpartum depression at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years, parent-child relationship 1 year and 2 years, and child behavior at 5 years using the Child Behavior Checklist (range 0-100). Breastfeeding practices were measured at 3 months (none, partial, some expressed, all direct at the breast), 6 months (none, partial, exclusive), 12 months, and 24 months (no, yes). Confounders included birth factors, maternal characteristics, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS Breast milk feeding at 3 or 6 months was associated with - 1.13 (95% CI: -2.19-0.07) to -2.14 (95% CI: -3.46, -0.81) lower (better) child behavior scores. Reduced postpartum depression at 6 months mediated between 11.5% and 16.6% of the relationship between exclusive breast milk feeding at 3 months and better child behavior scores. Together, reduced postpartum depression at 1 year and reduced parent-child dysfunction at 2 years mediated between 21.9% and 32.1% of the relationship between breastfeeding at 12 months and better child behavior scores. CONCLUSION Postpartum depression and parent-child relationship quality partially mediate the relationship between breastfeeding practices and child behavior. Breastfeeding, as well as efforts to support parental mental health and parent-child relationships, may help to improve child behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Turner
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Leslie Roos
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nathan Nickel
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Pei
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elinor Simons
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Pediatrics, Physiology & Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meghan B Azad
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Zheng S, Mansolf M, McGrath M, Churchill ML, Bekelman TA, Brennan PA, Margolis AE, Nozadi SS, Bastain TM, Elliott AJ, LeWinn KZ, Hofheimer JA, Leve LD, Rennie B, Zimmerman E, Marable CA, McEvoy CT, Liu C, Sullivan A, Woodruff TJ, Ghosh S, Leventhal B, Ferrara A, Lewis J, Bishop S. Measurement bias in caregiver-report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO-wide diverse sample. JCPP ADVANCES 2024; 4:e12198. [PMID: 38486952 PMCID: PMC10933609 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver-report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology. While studies have shown that demographic variables influence caregiver ratings of behavior problems, the extent to which the CBCL/1.5-5 functions equivalently at the item level across diverse samples is unknown. Methods Item-level data of CBCL/1.5-5 from a large sample of young children (N = 9087) were drawn from 26 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program. Factor analyses and the alignment method were applied to examine measurement invariance (MI) and differential item functioning (DIF) across child (age, sex, bilingual status, and neurodevelopmental disorders), and caregiver (sex, education level, household income level, depression, and language version administered) characteristics. Child race was examined in sensitivity analyses. Results Items with the most impactful DIF across child and caregiver groupings were identified for Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems. The robust item sets, excluding the high DIF items, showed good reliability and high correlation with the original Internalizing and Total Problems scales, with lower reliability for Externalizing. Language version of CBCL administration, education level and sex of the caregiver respondent showed the most significant impact on MI, followed by child age. Sensitivity analyses revealed that child race has a unique impact on DIF over and above socioeconomic status. Conclusions The CBCL/1.5-5, a caregiver-report measure of early childhood behavior problems, showed bias across demographic groups. Robust item sets with less DIF can measure Internalizing and Total Problems equally as well as the full item sets, with slightly lower reliability for Externalizing, and can be crosswalked to the metric of the full item set, enabling calculation of normed T scores based on more robust item sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Maxwell Mansolf
- Department of Medical Social SciencesFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Monica McGrath
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Marie L. Churchill
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Traci A. Bekelman
- Department of EpidemiologyColorado School of Public HealthAuroraCOUSA
| | | | - Amy E. Margolis
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Sara S. Nozadi
- Community Environmental HealthCollege of PharmacyHealth Sciences CenterUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Theresa M. Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Kaja Z. LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Julie A. Hofheimer
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatal‐Perinatal MedicineNorth Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Leslie D. Leve
- Prevention Science InstituteUniversity of OregonEugeneORUSA
| | - Brandon Rennie
- Health Sciences CenterDepartment of PediatricsCenter for Development and DisabilityUniversity of New MexicoNavajo Birth Cohort StudyAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Emily Zimmerman
- Communication Sciences & DisordersNortheastern UniversityBostonMAUSA
| | - Carmen A. Marable
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillNeuroscience CurriculumChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Cindy T. McEvoy
- Department of PediatricsPape Pediatric Research InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of PsychologyWashington State UniversityPullmanWAUSA
| | - Alexis Sullivan
- Center for Health and CommunityUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Samiran Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science & Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials (CCCT)University of Texas School of Public HealthHoustonTXUSA
| | - Bennett Leventhal
- University of ChicagoNavajo Birth Cohort StudyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Johnnye Lewis
- Navajo Birth Cohort StudyCommunity Environmental Health ProgramCollege of PharmacyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Somer Bishop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesWeill Institute for NeurosciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
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5
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Meca A, Peraza JA, Riedel MC, Hale W, Pettit JW, Musser ED, Salo T, Flannery JS, Bottenhorn KL, Dick AS, Pintos Lobo R, Ucros LM, Greaves CA, Hawes SW, Sanchez M, Gonzalez MR, Sutherland MT, Gonzalez R, Laird AR. Acculturative Orientations Among Hispanic/Latinx Caregivers in the ABCD Study: Associations With Caregiver and Youth Mental Health and Youth Brain Function. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:785-796. [PMID: 37881576 PMCID: PMC10593892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Population-based neuroscience offers opportunities to examine important but understudied sociocultural factors such as acculturation. Acculturation refers to the extent to which an individual retains their cultural heritage and/or adopts the receiving society's culture and is particularly salient among Hispanic/Latinx immigrants. Specific acculturative orientations have been linked to vulnerability to substance use, depression, and suicide and are known to influence family dynamics between caregivers and their children. Methods Using data from first- and second-generation Hispanic/Latinx caregivers in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 1057), we examined how caregivers' acculturative orientation affects their mental health, as well as the mental health and brain function of their children. Neuroimaging analyses focused on regions associated with self- and affiliation-based social processing (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and temporoparietal junction). Results We identified 2 profiles of caregiver acculturation: bicultural (retains heritage culture while adopting U.S. culture) and detached (discards heritage culture and rejects U.S. culture). Bicultural caregivers exhibited fewer internalizing and externalizing problems than detached caregivers; furthermore, youth exhibited similar internalizing effects across caregiver profiles. In addition, youth with bicultural caregivers displayed increased resting-state brain activity (i.e., fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and regional homogeneity) in the left insula, which has been linked to psychopathology; however, differences in long-range functional connectivity were not significant. Conclusions Caregiver acculturation is an important familial factor that has been linked to significant differences in youth mental health and insula activity. Future work should examine sociocultural and neurodevelopmental changes across adolescence to assess health outcomes and determine whether localized, corticolimbic brain effects are ultimately translated into long-range connectivity differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Meca
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Julio A. Peraza
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Michael C. Riedel
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Willie Hale
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jeremy W. Pettit
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Erica D. Musser
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Taylor Salo
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Jessica S. Flannery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Katherine L. Bottenhorn
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anthony S. Dick
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Laura M. Ucros
- School of Integrated Science and Humanities, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Chelsea A. Greaves
- School of Integrated Science and Humanities, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Samuel W. Hawes
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Mariana Sanchez
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | | | | | - Raul Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
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6
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Laifer LM, DiLillo D, Brock RL. Prenatal negative affectivity and trauma-related distress predict mindful parenting during toddler age: Examining parent-infant bonding as a mechanism. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1036-1050. [PMID: 34649640 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421000894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite findings demonstrating the importance of parental present-centered awareness, factors undermining mindful parenting have received less attention. Increasingly, evidence points to parental psychopathology as a salient risk factor for parenting difficulties. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate specific dimensions of parental trauma-related distress and general negative affectivity during pregnancy as predictors of mindful parenting during toddler age. Parental psychopathology, parent-infant bonding, and mindful parenting were assessed in a sample of heterosexual couples (N = 159) across four waves of data collection spanning pregnancy to child age two. Data were analyzed using path analysis within a dyadic framework. Results demonstrated the unique impact of maternal trauma-related distress during pregnancy (e.g., intrusions and avoidance) on facets of mindful parenting more than two years later. Further, among both mothers and fathers, general negative affectivity common across internalizing disorders undermined mindful parenting through impaired parent-infant bonding. Findings highlight the need for early intervention efforts that incorporate mindfulness strategies to reduce subthreshold symptoms of prenatal psychopathology, promote healthy bonding, and improve parental awareness and self-regulation, thereby enhancing the overall parent-child relationship.
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Liu C, Ystrom E, McAdams TA. Long-Term Maternal and Child Outcomes Following Postnatal SSRI Treatment. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2331270. [PMID: 37642961 PMCID: PMC10466165 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recommended for postnatal depression treatment, there is a lack of evidence regarding long-term maternal and child outcomes following postnatal SSRI treatment. Objective To examine whether postnatal SSRI treatment moderated postnatal depression-associated maternal and child outcomes across early childhood years. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used longitudinal data from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Participating women were recruited in weeks 17 to 18 of pregnancy from 1999 to 2008 and were prospectively followed up after childbirth. Data analysis was performed between December 2021 to October 2022. Exposure Postnatal depression diagnosis (a binary indicator of eligibility for treatment) was defined as a score of 7 or greater on the 6-item version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist was used as a continuous indicator of and postnatal depressive symptomology at postpartum month 6. Postnatal SSRI treatment was identified using self-reported data at postpartum month 6. Main Outcomes and Measures Maternal outcomes included self-reported depression symptomology and relationship satisfaction from childbirth to postpartum year 5. Child outcomes included maternal-report internalizing and externalizing problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, and motor and language development at ages 1.5, 3, and 5 years. A propensity score adjustment method was used to control for prenatal factors associated with postnatal SSRI exposure probability. Results Among a total of 61 081 mother-child dyads, 8671 (14.2%) (mean [SD] age, 29.93 [4.76] years) met the criteria for postnatal depression diagnosis, 177 (2.0%) (mean [SD] age, 30.20 [5.01] years) of whom received postnatal SSRI treatment. More severe postnatal depression symptomology was associated with a range of adverse maternal and child outcomes. Focusing analyses only on the postnatal depression dyads indicated that postnatal SSRI treatment attenuated negative associations between postnatal depression and maternal relationship satisfaction at postpartum month 6 (moderation β, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.07-0.19), years 1.5 (moderation β, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.05-0.18) and 3 (moderation β, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.04-0.19), and for child ADHD at age 5 years (moderation β, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.24 to -0.05). Postnatal SSRI treatment mitigated the negative associations between postnatal depression and maternal depression, partner relationship satisfaction, child externalizing problems, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder up to 5 years after childbirth. Conclusions and Relevance The results of this large prospective cohort study suggest that postnatal SSRI treatment was associated with a reduced risk of postnatal depression-associated maternal mental health problems and child externalizing behaviors across early childhood years. These findings suggest that postnatal SSRI treatment may bring benefits in the long term to women with postnatal depression and their offspring. This study potentially provides valuable information for clinicians and women with postnatal depression to make informed treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Liu
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, England
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Pharmaco-Epidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom A McAdams
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, England
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Costantini I, Sallis H, Tilling K, Major‐Smith D, Pearson RM, Kounali D. Childhood trajectories of internalising and externalising problems associated with a polygenic risk score for neuroticism in a UK birth cohort study. JCPP ADVANCES 2023; 3:e12141. [PMID: 37431323 PMCID: PMC10241477 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroticism represents a personality disposition towards experiencing negative emotions more frequently and intensely. Longitudinal studies suggest that neuroticism increases risk of several psychological problems. Improved understanding of how this trait manifests in early life could help inform preventative strategies in those liable to neuroticism. Methods This study explored how a polygenic risk score for neuroticism (NEU PRS) is expressed from infancy to late childhood across various psychological outcomes using multivariable linear and ordinal regression models. In addition, we employed a three-level mixed-effect model to characterise child internalising and externalising trajectories and estimate how a child PRS associated with both their overall levels and rates of change in 5279 children aged 3-11 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort. Results We found evidence that the NEU PRS was associated with a more emotionally sensitive temperament in early infancy in addition to higher emotional and behavioural problems and a higher risk of meeting diagnostic criteria for a variety of clinical disorders, particularly anxiety disorders, in childhood. The NEU PRS was associated with overall levels of internalising and externalising trajectories, with a larger magnitude of association on the internalising trajectory. The PRS was also associated with slower rates of reduction of internalising problems across childhood. Conclusions Our findings using a large, well-characterised birth cohort study suggest that phenotypic manifestations of a PRS for adult neuroticism can be detected as early as in infancy and that this PRS associates with several mental health problems and differences in emotional trajectories across childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Costantini
- Centre for Academic Mental HealthUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Hannah Sallis
- Centre for Academic Mental HealthUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Kate Tilling
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Daniel Major‐Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Centre for Academic Child HealthBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Rebecca M. Pearson
- Centre for Academic Mental HealthUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology UnitUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of PsychologyManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Daphne‐Zacharenia Kounali
- Centre for Academic Mental HealthUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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9
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Brown KL, Fairclough D, Noll RB, Barrera M, Kupst MJ, Gartstein MA, Egan AM, Bates CR, Gerhardt CA, Vannatta K. Emotional Well-Being of Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors and Comparison Peers: Perspectives From Children and Their Parents. J Pediatr Psychol 2023; 48:166-175. [PMID: 36190446 PMCID: PMC9941833 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the emotional well-being of pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS) from the perspective of children's self-reports and parents' reports relative to matched comparison peers (COMP) and their parents. It was hypothesized that PBTS would self-report more depression symptoms, loneliness, and lower self-concept than COMP. We also hypothesized that mothers and fathers of PBTS would report more internalizing symptoms and lower total competence for their children. Age and sex effects were examined in exploratory analyses. METHODS Families of 187 PBTS and 186 COMP participated across 5 sites. Eligible children in the PBTS group were 8-15 years of age and 1-5 years post-treatment for a primary intracranial tumor without progressive disease. COMP were classmates matched for sex, race, and age. RESULTS PBTS self-reported lower scholastic, athletic, and social competence, but not more depression, loneliness, or lower global self-worth than COMP. Parents of PBTS reported more internalizing symptoms and lower total competence than parents of COMP. With few exceptions, group differences did not vary as a function of child age and sex. CONCLUSION PBTS reported diminished self-concept in scholastic, athletic, and social domains, while their parents reported broader challenges with internalizing symptoms and total competence. Discrepancies between self-report and parent report require further study to inform targeted interventions for PBTS. Screening survivors for emotional challenges in follow-up clinic or in school setting may help with the allocation of psychosocial support and services for PBTS and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, USA
| | - Diane Fairclough
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, USA
| | - Robert B Noll
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA
| | - Maru Barrera
- Psychology Department, The Hospital for Sick Children, USA
| | - Mary Jo Kupst
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Anna M Egan
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Mercy Kansas City, USA
- University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bates
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, USA
| | - Cynthia A Gerhardt
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Kathryn Vannatta
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, USA
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10
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Rasmussen IS, Wilson P, Overbeck G, Strandberg-Larsen K. Association of self-reported mother-infant relationship with child and adolescent mental health. BJPsych Open 2023; 9:e39. [PMID: 36804106 PMCID: PMC9970168 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of the relationship between mother and infant may have profound implications for the development of a child. Early indicators of psychological vulnerability may allow targeting of support for the child's cognitive, emotional and social development. A challenging mother-infant relationship could be one indicator of risk. AIMS This study examined variations in psychological well-being and psychopathology among boys and girls according to early maternal perception of the mother-infant relationship. METHOD This study is based on 64 663 mother-infant pairs from the Danish National Birth Cohort, for which data on the mother-infant relationship were collected at 6 months postpartum. Behavioural problems were assessed with the Danish version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at child ages 7, 11 and 18 years, and we retrieved information on diagnosed childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders and prescriptions of psychotropic drugs from Danish registries. RESULTS Children in the challenging mother-infant relationship group had higher odds of behavioural problems at age 7 among both boys and girls. The same pattern of elevated estimates was identified for boys across all SDQ domains and for girls in three of five SDQ domains. All associations were attenuated at age 18, but increased odds of behavioural problems still existed. A challenging early mother-infant relationship increased the offspring's risk of being diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder or being prescribed a psychotropic drug before the age of 18. CONCLUSION A challenging self-reported mother-infant relationship was associated with later psychopathological difficulties. Routine clinical enquiry may be useful in identification of future vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Scheel Rasmussen
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philip Wilson
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and Centre for Rural Health, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Gritt Overbeck
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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The Differential Impact of Parenting on Adolescent Externalizing Behaviors in the Context of Maternal Stress. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1459-1470. [PMID: 36807232 PMCID: PMC9940679 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of parenting on child outcomes may be dependent on other contextual factors. To date, few studies have focused on the potential moderating effect of maternal stress on the relationship between parenting and youth externalizing behaviors. This study extends prior work by assessing how the relationship between parenting and youth outcomes varies by the presence of maternal stress, while focusing on the developmental period of adolescence and two dimensions of parenting, parental knowledge and maternal warmth. Data were collected from 278 Mother-adolescent dyads (Madolescent age = 14.05; 53.2% females; 61.9% minority) on maternal stress, maternal warmth and parental knowledge, and youth aggression and delinquency. Multi-level regression models found significant two-way interactions between parental knowledge and maternal stress on aggression and between maternal warmth and maternal stress on both outcomes. Parental knowledge was associated with lower aggression in the context of high maternal stress, but warmth only attenuated the risk of youth outcomes among low maternal stress. This study highlights the importance of considering how contextual factors impact the relationship between parenting and youth externalizing behaviors.
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12
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Lesica S, Skeel R, Fust B. The parent-reported ADHD symptom infrequency scale (PRASIS): a parent report measure of ADHD symptom exaggeration. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:255-275. [PMID: 35618325 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2081676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The present article outlines the development of the parent-reported ADHD symptom infrequency scale (PRASIS), a novel stand-alone questionnaire designed to discriminate between parents exaggerating ratings of ADHD symptoms of their child from parents more accurately reporting symptoms. The PRASIS includes an Infrequency scale (INF) to measure infrequently reported symptoms of ADHD and a clinical scale to measure Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (DSM-5) defined ADHD symptoms (ADHD Total). An initial list of infrequency and clinical items was revised over the course of three studies, each conducted on a different sample of participants (n1 = 154, n2 = 203, n3 = 167) recruited via CloudResearch and consisting of mothers of children 4-12 years old. Analyses on the final version of the measure demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency (INF α = .87 , ADHD Total α = .94) and high convergent validity of the PRASIS ADHD Total scores with ADHD Rating Scale-5 Total scores (r = .87, p < .001). Omnibus ANOVA comparisons demonstrated excellent group discrimination of both the PRASIS Infrequency scale and the PRASIS ADHD scale (Cohen's f = 0.81-0-90). Specificity was above the minimum requirement set a priori (≥.80) and resulting sensitivity was similar or higher than other non-ADHD measures in the symptom validity literature. Specificity and sensitivity are reported for multiple cutoff scores, and positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) are presented for several base rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lesica
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Reid Skeel
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Brittany Fust
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
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13
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Zacher M, Arkin M, Rhodes J, Lowe SR. The Effects of Maternal Disaster Exposure on Adolescent Mental Health 12 Years Later. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1191-1205. [PMID: 35316440 PMCID: PMC9910088 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural disasters adversely impact children's mental health, with increased parent or child exposure and subsequent parental distress predicting poorer outcomes. It remains unknown, however, whether the psychological consequences of disasters for children persist long-term, and if so, why and for whom. We therefore examined the effects of mothers' exposure to Hurricane Katrina on adolescent children's mental health 12 years later, distinguishing between direct effects of disaster exposure and effects mediated by maternal distress, and evaluating moderation by child age and gender. Data were from a 2003-2018 study of young, low-income, primarily African American mothers living in New Orleans when Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005 (n = 328). Mothers rated their mental health about one year pre-Katrina and one, four, and 12 years afterwards. They reported on an adolescent child's (ages 10-17, mean = 14.46) internalizing and externalizing symptoms 12 years post-Katrina using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Path analytic models adjusting for mothers' pre-disaster distress showed that, whereas the direct effects of maternal hurricane exposures on child mental health were not significant, the indirect effects were. Specifically, mothers who experienced more Katrina-related stressors had higher distress thereafter, which predicted poorer child outcomes. Results did not differ significantly by child age. Gender differences are discussed. Findings suggest that disasters can affect child mental health for many years, even for those who were very young or not yet born at the time, due to parents' disaster-related distress. Addressing parents' mental health needs in the aftermath of disasters may improve child well-being long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Zacher
- Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Data Science Initiative, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Monica Arkin
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean Rhodes
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah R Lowe
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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14
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Pine AE, Liu Q, Abitante G, Sutherland S, Garber J. Predictors of Sleep-Problem Trajectories Across Adolescence. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:959-971. [PMID: 35092529 PMCID: PMC9246962 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Stress and sleep problems are significantly correlated in adolescents. Few longitudinal studies, however, have evaluated possible correlates and predictors of sleep problems at multiple points across adolescence. The current study examined the relation between stress and sleep problems across four years in a sample of adolescents who varied in risk for psychopathology. Participants included 223 adolescents (55% female) and 223 mothers (77% with a history of a mood disorder during their child's life). Youth were evaluated in grade 7 (M = 12.69 years, SD = 0.61) and again in grades 8, 9, and 11. Sleep problems were assessed as part of a clinical interview, and weekly stressful events were measured with the Life Events Interview for Adolescents. Multi-group latent growth curve analyses were conducted. Among youth whose mothers had a history of depression (high-risk), sleep problems significantly increased over time (p < .001). Second, among high-risk youth, at each time point, higher stress levels during the prior three months significantly predicted higher levels of sleep problems (p < .001). Finally, across the entire sample, at each time point a greater level of sleep problems predicted higher stress ratings a year later (p ≤ .001). Thus, stress was a significant predictor of sleep problems across multiple years of adolescence, particularly among offspring of mothers with a history of depression. Results highlight targets for preventive interventions for sleep problems in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Pine
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - George Abitante
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Susanna Sutherland
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
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15
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Parental Depression Symptoms and Internalizing Mental Health Problems in Autistic Children. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 53:2373-2383. [PMID: 35325339 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Autistic youth are at risk for internalizing mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Similarly, parents of autistic youth report higher levels of depression than parents of typically developing children. The goal of this study was to examine bidirectional associations between parent depression symptoms and the internalizing problems of autistic youth in 188 families across four time points (T1-T4; spaced 12 months apart). A cross-lagged panel model revealed that mother (T1 and T2) and father (T1) depression symptoms positively predicted the youth's internalizing problems 12 months later. The youth's internalizing problems at T3 positively predicted maternal depression symptoms at T4. Future research should explore genetic and environmental pathways that link parent depression and internalizing problems in autistic youth.
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16
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Burns S, Jegatheeswaran C, Perlman M. I Felt Like I was Going Crazy: Understanding Mother's and Young Children's Educational Experiences at Home During COVID-19. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION JOURNAL 2022; 51:469-482. [PMID: 35153466 PMCID: PMC8817636 DOI: 10.1007/s10643-022-01306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 disruptions to children's education have been a major issue for families. This study examined how demographic, family, and mental health characteristics of 375 low-income children and their mothers from the City of Toronto were associated with children's educational experiences at home during COVID-19. Many mothers (82.3%) reported that they and their children (80.0%) experienced challenges related to children's education at home during the pandemic. However, a small percentage of mothers (1.1%) reported that this mode of learning was better for them and their children (4.3%). The most frequently reported challenges faced by mothers was taking on the role of a teacher (43.7%) and balancing their children's remote learning with other responsibilities (19.4%). The most frequently mentioned challenges faced by children was that children lacked both motivation (21.1%) and socialization (21.1%) and had difficulty focusing (26.9%). White mothers from households with higher income and with a higher number of adults in the home reported that their children experienced higher levels of challenges related to their education at home. Maternal and child challenges with children's education at home were also related to higher levels of maternal and child mental health challenges. Our findings suggest that the online educational experiences set up following the onset of the pandemic were difficult for many children and mothers to implement in the home. Given the significant associations of these challenges with child and maternal mental health, we encourage educators to provide flexibility, empathy, and support with learning from home to both children and mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Burns
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education - University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, M5S 1V6 Canada
| | - Calpanaa Jegatheeswaran
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education - University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, M5S 1V6 Canada
| | - Michal Perlman
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education - University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, M5S 1V6 Canada
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17
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Moreau AL, Voss M, Hansen I, Paul SE, Barch DM, Rogers CE, Bogdan R. Prenatal Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Exposure, Depression and Brain Morphology in Middle Childhood: Results from the ABCD Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 3:243-254. [PMID: 37124359 PMCID: PMC10140451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure has been inconsistently linked to depression, and little is known about neural correlates. We examined whether prenatal SSRI exposure is associated with depressive symptoms and brain structure during middle childhood. Methods Prenatal SSRI exposure (retrospective caregiver report), depressive symptoms (caregiver-reported Child Behavior Checklist), and brain structure (magnetic resonance imaging-derived subcortical volume; cortical thickness and surface area) were assessed in children (analytic ns = 5420-7528; 235 with prenatal SSRI exposure; 9-10 years of age) who completed the baseline Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study session. Linear mixed-effects models nested data. Covariates included familial, pregnancy, and child variables. Matrix spectral decomposition adjusted for multiple testing. Results Prenatal SSRI exposure was not independently associated with depression after accounting for recent maternal depressive symptoms. Prenatal SSRI exposure was associated with greater left superior parietal surface area (b = 145.3 mm2, p = .00038) and lateral occipital cortical thickness (b = 0.0272 mm, p = .0000079); neither was associated with child depressive symptoms. Child depression was associated with smaller global brain structure. Conclusions Our findings, combined with adverse outcomes of exposure to maternal depression and the utility of SSRIs for treating depression, suggest that risk for depression during middle childhood should not discourage SSRI use during pregnancy. Associations between prenatal SSRI exposure and brain structure were small in magnitude and not associated with depression. It will be important for future work to examine associations between prenatal SSRI exposure and depression through young adulthood, when risk for depression increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L. Moreau
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Allison Moreau, M.A.
| | - Michaela Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Isabella Hansen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sarah E. Paul
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cynthia E. Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Address correspondence to Ryan Bogdan, Ph.D.
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18
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Pointet Perizzolo VC, Glaus J, Stein CR, Willheim E, Vital M, Arnautovic E, Kaleka K, Rusconi Serpa S, Pons F, Moser DA, Schechter DS. Impact of mothers' IPV-PTSD on their capacity to predict their child's emotional comprehension and its relationship to their child's psychopathology. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2008152. [PMID: 35111283 PMCID: PMC8803052 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.2008152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated that when the violence-exposed child becomes a mother and interacts with her own child during early sensitive periods for social-emotional development, she may have difficulties providing sensitive responsiveness to the child's emotional communication. Such difficulties place the child's development of emotional comprehension (EC) and related self-regulation at risk. The aim of this study was to examine how mothers' interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic disorder (IPV-PTSD) would affect their children's EC and their own ability to predict their children's EC. We also investigated how mothers' predictive ability would correlate with child psychopathology. METHODS Sixty-one mother-child dyads (36 with IPV-PTSD) participated in this study. Children's (mean age = 7.0 years, SD = 1.1) EC was assessed with the Test of Emotion Comprehension (child TEC) and their psychopathology as reported by the mother was assessed with the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and as evaluated by a clinician using selected modules of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS). Mothers were measured for IPV-PTSD with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and for their capacity to predict their child's emotional comprehension (mother-responding-as-child TEC; mTEC). RESULTS We found no significant between-group differences in children's level of EC. Maternal PTSD was associated with lower scores on the mTEC, however. Reduced maternal scores on the mTEC were significantly associated with maternal report of increased aggressive child behaviour and with depression symptoms on the K-SADS. Further, scores on the mTEC interacted with maternal report of child aggression on child oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms on the K-SADS. CONCLUSION These findings support that improving maternal emotional comprehension may help reduce child risk for psychiatric morbidity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Pointet Perizzolo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Glaus
- Department of Psychiatry, University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lausanne University Medical Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C R Stein
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - E Willheim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Vital
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Arnautovic
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Kaleka
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - S Rusconi Serpa
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Pons
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dominik A Moser
- Department of Psychiatry, University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lausanne University Medical Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D S Schechter
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lausanne University Medical Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Schellhas L, Haan E, Easey KE, Wootton RE, Sallis HM, Sharp GC, Munafò MR, Zuccolo L. Maternal and child genetic liability for smoking and caffeine consumption and child mental health: an intergenerational genetic risk score analysis in the ALSPAC cohort. Addiction 2021; 116:3153-3166. [PMID: 33891774 PMCID: PMC9376939 DOI: 10.1111/add.15521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous studies suggest an association between maternal tobacco and caffeine consumption during and outside of pregnancy and offspring mental health. We aimed to separate effects of the maternal environment (intrauterine or postnatal) from pleiotropic genetic effects. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a longitudinal study. We (i) validated smoking and caffeine genetic risk scores (GRS) derived from published genome-wide association study (GWAS) for use during pregnancy, (ii) compared estimated effects of maternal and offspring GRS on childhood mental health outcomes and (iii) tested associations between maternal and offspring GRS on their respective outcomes. SETTING We used data from a longitudinal birth cohort study from England, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). PARTICIPANTS Our sample included 7921 mothers and 7964 offspring. MEASUREMENTS Mental health and non-mental health phenotypes were derived from questionnaires and clinical assessments: 79 maternal phenotypes assessed during and outside of pregnancy and 71 offspring phenotypes assessed in childhood (<10 years) and adolescence (11-18 years). FINDINGS The maternal smoking and caffeine GRS were associated with maternal smoking and caffeine consumption during pregnancy (2nd trimester: Psmoking = 3.0 × 10-7 , Pcaffeine = 3.28 × 10-5 ). Both the maternal and offspring smoking GRS showed evidence of association with reduced childhood anxiety symptoms (βmaternal = -0.033; βoffspring = -0.031) and increased conduct disorder symptoms (βmaternal = 0.024; βoffspring = 0.030), after correcting for multiple testing. Finally, the maternal and offspring smoking GRS were associated with phenotypes related to sensation seeking behaviours in mothers and adolescence (e.g. increased symptoms of externalising disorders, extraversion and monotony avoidance). The caffeine GRS showed weaker evidence for associations with mental health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We did not find strong evidence that maternal smoking and caffeine genetic risk scores have a causal effect on offspring mental health outcomes. Our results confirm that the smoking genetic risk scores also captures liability for sensation seeking personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schellhas
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Elis Haan
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Kayleigh E. Easey
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Robyn E. Wootton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Hannah M. Sallis
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Gemma C. Sharp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Marcus R. Munafò
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Luisa Zuccolo
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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20
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Black SR, Evans ML, Aaron L, Brabham DR, Kaplan RM. Covariance Between Parent and Child Symptoms Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:1182-1194. [PMID: 34405876 PMCID: PMC8385985 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 has had unprecedented effects on American families, including increases in depression, anxiety, and irritability for both parents and children. While parents and children influence each other's psychological functioning during non-disaster times, this effect may be amplified during times of disaster. The current study investigated how COVID-19 influenced covariance of depressive symptoms and irritability in children and their parents. METHODS Three hundred and ninety-one parents and their 8- to 17-year-old children (Mage = 10.68 years old, 70% male, 86% White) from a large sample of children and parents, primarily from Southeastern Louisiana, completed self-report measures of depression and irritability approximately 6 weeks into the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as providing retrospective reports of their symptoms prior to the pandemic. Actor-partner interdependence models were used to measure the reciprocal effects of parent symptoms on children and vice versa, both before and during the pandemic. RESULTS Actor effects in both the depressive symptoms and irritability models suggested that pre-COVID-19 depressive symptoms and irritability were robust predictors of early-COVID-19 depressive symptoms and irritability for both parents and children. Partner effects were also detected in the irritability model, in that parental irritability prior to COVID-19 was associated with decreased child irritability during the pandemic. Both before and during the pandemic, associations between parent and child depressive symptoms and irritability scores were weaker in families evidencing greater dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that COVID-19-related stress is associated with increases in both parent and child symptomatology, and that family relationships likely influence associations between these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Black
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, USA
| | | | - Lauren Aaron
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, USA
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21
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Olino TM, Michelini G, Mennies RJ, Kotov R, Klein DN. Does maternal psychopathology bias reports of offspring symptoms? A study using moderated non-linear factor analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:1195-1201. [PMID: 33638150 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood-state biases in maternal reports of emotional and behavioral problems in their children have been a major concern for the field. However, few studies have addressed this issue from a measurement invariance perspective. METHODS Using data from baseline assessment of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (n = 8,507 mother-child dyads; youth aged 9-11 years), we examined how dimensions of maternal psychopathology, including internalizing problems, were associated with indices of bias in reports of their children's dimensions of internalizing, externalizing, neurodevelopmental, detachment, somatoform psychopathology using moderated non-linear factor analysis. Moderated non-linear factor analyses examined multiple potential biases in maternal reports of youth psychopathology. RESULTS Across analyses, we found very small magnitudes of associations between dimensions of maternal psychopathology and biases in reports of child emotional and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we find little psychometric evidence for maternal psychopathology biasing reports of child behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roman Kotov
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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22
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Kuhn J, Levinson J, Udhnani MD, Wallis K, Hickey E, Bennett A, Fenick AM, Feinberg E, Broder-Fingert S. What Happens After a Positive Primary Care Autism Screen Among Historically Underserved Families? Predictors of Evaluation and Autism Diagnosis. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2021; 42:515-523. [PMID: 33631787 PMCID: PMC8380258 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Families, pediatric providers, and service systems would benefit from expanded knowledge regarding (1) who is most likely to receive a recommended diagnostic evaluation after a positive primary care-administered autism screen and (2) of those who screen positive, who is most likely to be diagnosed with autism? METHOD Participants included 309 predominantly low-income, racial/ethnic minority parents and their child, aged 15 to 27 months, who screened positive on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F). Generalized estimating equations were used to fit models of predictors for each binary outcome: receiving a diagnostic evaluation and receiving an autism diagnosis on evaluation. RESULTS Significant predictors of diagnostic evaluation receipt included the parent being older or non-Hispanic and the child having private insurance, lower child communication functioning, or receiving Early Intervention services. Significant predictors of an autism diagnosis on evaluation included male child, lower child communication functioning, screening directly in the parent's preferred language, White/non-Hispanic parent, and no parent history of mood disorder. CONCLUSION Children with younger parents, Hispanic ethnicity, relatively higher communication skills, public insurance, and no Early Intervention services were less likely to receive recommended diagnostic care. Reduced likelihood of autism diagnosis after a positive screen in non-White/non-Hispanic subgroups supports previous research indicating issues with M-CHAT-R/F positive predictive power for racial/ethnic minorities. The use of telephonic interpreters to administer screens, as opposed to directly screening in families' preferred languages, may lead to identification of fewer true autism cases. Thus, multilingual clinical staff capacity may improve positive predictive power of autism screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kate Wallis
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Emily Feinberg
- Boston University School of Public Health
- Boston University School of Medicine
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Liskola K, Raaska H, Lapinleimu H, Lipsanen J, Sinkkonen J, Elovainio M. The effects of maternal depression on their perception of emotional and behavioral problems of their internationally adopted children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2021; 15:41. [PMID: 34425862 PMCID: PMC8383450 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-021-00396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though child psychopathology assessment guidelines emphasize comprehensive multi-method, multimodal, and multi-informant methodologies, maternal-report symptom-rating scales often serve as the predominant source of information. Research has shown that parental mood symptomatology affects their reports of their offspring's psychopathology. For example, the depression-distortion hypothesis suggests that maternal depression promotes a negative bias in mothers' perceptions of their children's behavioral and emotional problems. We investigated this difference of perception between adoptive mothers and internationally adopted children. Most previous studies suffer from the potential bias caused by the fact that parents and children share genetic risks. METHODS Data were derived from the Finnish Adoption (FinAdo) survey study (a subsample of adopted children aged between 9 and 12 years, n = 222). The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess emotional and behavioral problems and competences of the adopted children. The CBCL was filled in by the adopted children and the adoptive mothers, respectively. Maternal depressive symptoms were measured using the short version of the General Health Questionnaire. RESULTS On average, mothers reported less total CBCL symptoms in their children than the children themselves (0.25 vs 0.38, p-value < 0.01 for difference). Mothers' depressive symptoms moderated the discrepancy in reporting internalizing symptoms (β = - 0.14 and p-value 0.01 for interaction) and the total symptoms scores (β = - 0.22 and p-value < 0.001 for interaction) and externalizing symptoms in girls in the CBCL. LIMITATIONS The major limitation of our study is its cross-sectional design and the fact that we only collected data in the form of questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS The results of our research support the depression-distortion hypothesis concerning the association of maternal depressive symptoms and child internalizing symptoms and externalizing symptoms in girls in a sample without genetic bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Liskola
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 590, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hanna Raaska
- grid.15485.3d0000 0000 9950 5666Department of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 590, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Lapinleimu
- grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jari Lipsanen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Sinkkonen
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Recent decades have seen increases in the variability of family income, tepid income growth rates for all but the richest families, and widening income inequality. These trends are concerning for child well-being, given the importance of income to parental investments and parenting practices. Growing evidence suggests that a high level of change is disruptive to family processes and that chronic stress affects physiology as well as psychology. This study used the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement to estimate associations between three dimensions of childhood income dynamics-level, variability, and trend-and child achievement and behavior. After income level was controlled for, income variability during childhood was not associated with child achievement or behavior, but an increasing five-year trend in income-to-needs was modestly beneficial to behavior measures. Subgroup analysis suggests some adverse effects of income variability and trend on reading and behavior for non-White children but no clear patterns by child's age or family income or wealth levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D Hill
- Daniel J. Evans School of Public Policy & Governance, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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25
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Owais S, Faltyn M, Zou H, Hill T, Kates N, Burack JA, Van Lieshout RJ. Psychopathology in the Offspring of Indigenous Parents with Mental Health Challenges: A Systematic Review: Psychopathologie des descendants de parents autochtones ayant des problèmes de santé mentale: Une revue systématique. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2021; 66:517-536. [PMID: 33064564 PMCID: PMC8138737 DOI: 10.1177/0706743720966447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parental psychopathology is a significant risk factor for mental health challenges in offspring, but the nature and magnitude of this link in Indigenous Peoples is not well understood. This systematic review examined the emotional and behavioral functioning of the offspring of Indigenous parents with mental health challenges. METHOD We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science from their inceptions until April 2020. Studies were included if they included assessments of emotional, behavioral, or other psychological outcomes in the offspring of Indigenous parents with a mental health challenge. RESULTS The 14 studies eligible for review were focused on parental substance misuse (n = 8), maternal internalizing (i.e., depression, anxiety) issues (n = 5), and poor overall parental mental health (n = 4). In 11 studies, parental substance misuse, depression, and/or overall mental health challenges were associated with 2 to 4 times the odds of offspring externalizing and internalizing behaviors as compared to offspring of Indigenous parents without mental health challenges. CONCLUSION The findings suggest higher risks of mental health challenges among offspring of Indigenous parents with psychiatric difficulties than among Indigenous children of parents without similar difficulties. Knowledge of these phenomena would be improved by the use of larger, more representative samples, culturally appropriate measures, and the engagement of Indigenous communities. Future studies should be focused on both risk and resilience mechanisms so that cycles of transmission can be interrupted and resources aimed at detection, prevention, and treatment optimally allocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawayra Owais
- MD/PhD Program, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mateusz Faltyn
- Arts & Science Undergraduate Program, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanyan Zou
- Department of Medical Sciences, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Troy Hill
- Department of Education, 3710Brock University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nick Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob A Burack
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, 5620McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ryan J Van Lieshout
- MD/PhD Program, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, 3710McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Liang SHY, Lee YC, Kelsen BA, Chen VCH. Health-related quality of life in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Taiwan: The roles of child, parent, and family characteristics. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 113:103944. [PMID: 33836402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has examined how child and maternal psychopathological difficulties and family factors contribute to the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD). AIMS To investigate the impact of children's diagnosis of ADHD, children's and maternal psychopathology and significant sociodemographic variables of the children, parents and family on HRQOL of mothers of children with ADHD and those of children with typical development (TD) in Taiwan. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Children with ADHD (n = 257) and children with typical development (n = 324) and their mothers were recruited from a psychiatric clinic of a medical center and 10 elementary schools and four high schools in northern Taiwan. Maternal HRQOL was assessed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF, while the other factors were screened using the Chinese version of the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test for autistic traits, the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV scale for ADHD symptoms, the Child Behavior Checklist for behavioral and emotional problems, The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for maternal depression and interpersonal problems, the Adult ADHD Self-report Scale for maternal ADHD symptoms, and the Family APGAR for family support. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Mothers of children with ADHD had significantly worse HRQOL in all four domains compared with those of children with typical development. Multiple regressions found that factors consistently related to the HRQOL of mothers of children with ADHD and those of children with TD were maternal depression and perceived family support after controlling for several familial, parental and child variables. HRQOL of mothers of children with ADHD and those of children with TD was more closely related to her own and family factors rather than mother- or teacher-rated ADHD symptoms, clinical diagnosis of ADHD or psychopathology of the child. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Screening for maternal HRQOL, depressive symptoms and family support systems and mental health services for mothers of children with ADHD are warranted based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hsin-Yi Liang
- Section of Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | - Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Bates RA, Singletary B, Dynia JM, Justice LM. Maternal Mental Health Symptoms and Clusters Predict Toddler Sleep in Low-Income Homes. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2021; 182:252-268. [PMID: 33949281 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1910125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The authors examined the association of maternal mental health symptoms and symptom clusters with the sleeping behaviors of toddlers living in low-income homes. The sample is comprised of 174 racially diverse mother and toddler (15-19 months old) dyads who were participating in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Dyads were initially recruited from Women, Infant, and Children clinics in a Midwestern county of the United States. Maternal mental health symptoms were measured with self-reports of depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression), parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index Very Short Form), and parenting self-efficacy. Toddler sleeping behaviors were measured with an adaptation of the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire that assessed toddler difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep (DIMS). Maternal mental health symptom clusters were identified with latent profile analysis and toddler DIMS were regressed on maternal mental health symptoms. We found that 1 SD worse maternal depression, parenting stress, or parenting self-efficacy predicted 0.18-0.24 SD worse toddler DIMS (p < .05). Moreover, we found that the cluster of adverse maternal mental health symptoms predicted nearly 0.75 SD worse toddler DIMS as compared with the cluster of good maternal mental health symptoms (p < .05). These findings provide insight into how maternal mental health symptom clusters may be important in understanding sleep behaviors in early toddlerhood, a sensitive period of sleep development, and underscore the need to support mothers with co-occurring adverse mental health symptoms, as their children may be at higher risk for DIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi A Bates
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Britt Singletary
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Dynia
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura M Justice
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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28
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A latent class analysis of parent-child discrepancies in reports of peer victimization: Associations to child sexual abuse status and psychological adjustment. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 34:889-900. [PMID: 33478619 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420001522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Researchers face an important challenge when assessing peer victimization in children, since self-reports are often discrepant with parent-reports. A latent class analysis identified patterns of response to items assessing peer victimization, which were either divergent or convergent between the parent and the child. Classes were then compared on the child sexual abuse status and on various behavioral and social outcomes. Participants were 720 school-aged child victims of sexual abuse and a comparison group of 173 nonvictims and their caregivers. We identified two discordant subgroups (self-identified and parent-identified) and two concordant groups (nonvictims and concordant victims of peer victimization). Compared to children of the comparison group, sexually abused children were five times more likely to be identified as targets of peer victimization solely by their parent than the contrary. Sexually abused children with concordant reports of peer victimization showed the poorest adjustment on all studied outcomes assessed 6 months later. Children who discounted experiencing peer victimization while their parent reported it were also at risk of maladjustment. Results underscore the importance of supplementing self-reports with other available sources of information, especially in young and vulnerable populations who may be inclined to discount their victimization experiences.
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29
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Martin CA, Papadopoulos N, Rinehart N, Sciberras E. Associations Between Child Sleep Problems and Maternal Mental Health in Children with ADHD. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:12-25. [PMID: 31760782 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2019.1696346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective/Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience more sleep problems than typically developing children. In addition, higher rates of depression are experienced by mothers of children with ADHD compared to mothers of children without ADHD. This study aimed to determine whether particular sleep problems in children with ADHD are associated with specific maternal mental health difficulties. Participants: Female caregivers of 379 children with ADHD (5-13 years) participated. The child's ADHD diagnosis was reconfirmed during recruitment by caregivers completing the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Method: Caregivers reported on their mental health using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and their child's sleep using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Unadjusted and adjusted regression analyzes were undertaken. Results: In the adjusted analyzes, there were small significant associations between most aspects of child sleep (i.e. Bedtime Resistance, Night Waking, Parasomnias, Sleep Duration, Daytime Sleepiness and Total Sleep Problems) and maternal Anxiety and Stress, with the exception of Sleep-Onset Delay. Bedtime Resistance, Sleep Duration, Daytime Sleepiness and Total Sleep Problems also had small significant associations with maternal Depression. Sleep Anxiety had a small significant association with maternal Anxiety only. Conclusions: This study demonstrates important connections between many child sleep problems and particular aspects of maternal mental health, suggesting adaptations to behavioral sleep interventions for children and mental health interventions for parents to take a family approach may be beneficial. Future research should consider the longitudinal associations between child sleep and parent mental health in an effort to inform future intervention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Papadopoulos
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole Rinehart
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Health Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC, Australia
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30
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Brown DMY, Kwan MYW, King-Dowling S, Cairney J. Cross-Sectional Associations Between Wake-Time Movement Compositions and Mental Health in Preschool Children With and Without Motor Coordination Problems. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:752333. [PMID: 34917559 PMCID: PMC8669814 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.752333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement behaviors have been found to be important correlates of health for children and may be particularly important for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) who often experience greater mental health problems. To date, however, little research has investigated the daily movement composition of preschool children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and/or its association with mental health. The purpose of the current study was to: (1) examine whether differences in movement compositions (i.e., sedentary time, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) exist between typically developing (TD) preschool-age children and those at risk for DCD (rDCD); and (2) investigate associations between movement compositions and mental health indicators. This cross-sectional study used the baseline cohort data from the Coordination and Activity Tracking in CHildren (CATCH) study. A total of 589 preschool-age children (Mage = 4.94 ± 0.59 years; 57.4% boys) were included in this analysis, of which 288 scored at or below the 16th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 and were thus classified as rDCD. Wake time movement behaviors were measured using accelerometers and parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist to assess their child's mental health (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems). Compositional data analysis techniques were used. After adjusting for potential confounders, the results demonstrated similar movement compositions between TD and rDCD children. Among the full sample, findings revealed a significant association between sedentary time and externalizing problems, however, each of the other associations did not reach statistical significance. These results are consistent with emerging evidence demonstrating similar patterns of physical activity and sedentary time among TD children and those classified as rDCD during the preschool years. Although movement behaviors explained little variance in mental health during this period, future research should investigate when movement compositions diverge, and how these changes may impact the mental health of TD children and those classified as rDCD later in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver M Y Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Infant, Child and Youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Y W Kwan
- Infant, Child and Youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catherines, ON, Canada
| | - Sara King-Dowling
- Infant, Child and Youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John Cairney
- Infant, Child and Youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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31
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Chorbadjian TN, Deavenport-Saman A, Higgins C, Chao SM, Yang JH, Koolwijk I, Vanderbilt DL. Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Developmental Delay at Age 2: A Diverse Population-Based Longitudinal Study. Matern Child Health J 2020; 24:1267-1277. [PMID: 32780269 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-02990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children raised by depressed mothers perform lower on measures of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral skills, compared to children of non-depressed mothers. It is unclear how maternal depressive symptoms (MDS), which persist and accrue over time, impact child development. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cumulative MDS from pre-pregnancy to postpartum influences child development in children by age 2.5. METHODS Using a longitudinal population-based study design, 2679 racially and ethnically diverse mothers completed the 2014 Los Angeles Mommy and Baby (LAMB) and 2016 Follow-Up surveys. A total MDS score was created based on responses to standardized questions, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Data was collected for before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 4 months postpartum in the 2014 survey, and at 2.5 years postpartum in the 2016 survey. Child development was measured using the CDC's Learn the Signs. Act Early Milestones Checklist. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. RESULTS The prevalence of any cumulative MDS was 45.2%. Language, cognitive/adaptive, motor, and social-emotional delays for surveyed toddlers were 7.7%, 4.0%, 1.2%, and 14.2%. After adjusting for covariates, mothers reporting depressive symptoms at all four time points were significantly more likely to report a social-emotional delay in their child (aOR = 4.39, 95% CI - 1.72 to 11.18). CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE Mothers with cumulative depressive symptoms are at-risk of reporting social-emotional delays by age 2.5. Understanding these effects may help direct resources to target interventions that support mothers with depressive symptoms early-on and promote positive developmental outcomes among their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Nazerian Chorbadjian
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
- Kaiser Permanente Baldwin Park, 1011 Baldwin Park Blvd., Baldwin Park, CA, 91706, USA.
| | - Alexis Deavenport-Saman
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Chandra Higgins
- Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health Programs, 600 S. Commonwealth Av #800, Los Angeles, CA, 90005, USA
| | - Shin Margaret Chao
- Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health Programs, 600 S. Commonwealth Av #800, Los Angeles, CA, 90005, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Yang
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Irene Koolwijk
- Department of General Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 Medical Plaza, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Douglas L Vanderbilt
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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He T, Su J, Jiang Y, Qin S, Chi P, Lin X. Parenting Stress and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Parents of Children With and Without Oppositional Defiant Disorder: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:855-867. [PMID: 32212023 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-00974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) experience greater stress in parenting and more parental depressive symptoms. The study examined the longitudinal and bidirectional associations between three dimensions of parenting stress (i.e., parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction, and difficult child) and parental depressive symptoms from a sample of Chinese parents of children with or without ODD. The sample included 256 parents of children with ODD and 265 parents of children without ODD, along with children's teachers. Using a three wave, cross-lagged design, results showed that parents of children with ODD suffered higher levels of parenting stress across three dimensions. For both groups, the links between parental depressive symptoms and subsequent parental distress and difficult child were unidirectional, whereas the relation between parental depressive symptoms and parent-child dysfunctional interaction was bidirectional. Multi-group analysis found that there was no significant difference in the relations between parenting stress and depressive symptoms between the ODD and non-ODD groups. The findings indicated that children with ODD require comprehensive services to address the stress of their parents. The study also provided support for the dynamic and longitudinal relations between specific dimensions of parenting stress and depressive symptoms among parents of children with or without ODD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yongqiang Jiang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Peilian Chi
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Associations Between Child Sleep Problem Severity and Maternal Well-Being in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:2500-2510. [PMID: 33033970 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether sleep problem severity in children with autism spectrum disorder was associated with maternal well-being. Mothers of 234 children reported on their mental health (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index-4-SF), health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Assessment of Quality of Life-4D) and their child's sleep (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire-ASD). Analyses revealed sleep initiation and duration problem severity scores were associated with increased mental health difficulties. Specific child sleep problems were not associated with parenting stress or HRQoL. This study revealed the importance of considering sleep and the family system when assessing maternal well-being. Future research considering parent, child and family factors will be important to informing a family focused approach to mental health.
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34
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Wesselhoeft R, Davidsen K, Sibbersen C, Kyhl H, Talati A, Andersen MS, Bilenberg N. Maternal prenatal stress and postnatal depressive symptoms: discrepancy between mother and teacher reports of toddler psychological problems. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 56:559-570. [PMID: 32995941 PMCID: PMC8005495 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01964-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Maternal prenatal stress and postnatal depression are reported to increase the risk for early offspring psychological problems. We examined whether these two stressors predicted toddler emotional or behavioral problems based on the mother and teacher reports, respectively. METHODS A longitudinal study within the Odense Child Cohort (OCC). Prenatal stress was assessed (gestation week 28) using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Depressive symptoms were assessed (3 months after birth) using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Behavioral and emotional problems were assessed by mothers using the preschool version of Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and by teachers using the caregiver-teacher report form (CTR-F). RESULTS N = 1302 mother-child dyads were included. CBCL (N = 1302) was collected at 29 months (SD 5.3) and C-TRF (N = 989) at 32.6 months (SD 6.9). N = 70 mothers (5.4%) were at high risk for postnatal depression (EPDS score > 12). Generalized additive models showed that prenatal stress (increase of + 1 on PSS-10 total score) predicted an increase in CBCL (+ 0.011) and C-TRF (+ 0.015) total scores. Postnatal depressive symptoms (increase of + 1 on EPDS total score) only predicted an increase in CBCL total score (+ 0.026). CONCLUSION Prenatal maternal stress was a significant predictor of both mother and teacher reported toddler emotional and behavioral problems, although effect sizes were small. Postnatal depressive symptoms were associated with increased maternal (but not teacher) reporting of toddler problems. Mothers reported more toddler psychological problems than teachers, and the mother-teacher discrepancy was positively correlated to maternal postnatal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wesselhoeft
- Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Institute for Clinical Research, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - K Davidsen
- Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Institute for Clinical Research, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - C Sibbersen
- Research Unit of E-Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - H Kyhl
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, University of Southern Denmark and Odense Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
| | - A Talati
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - M S Andersen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - N Bilenberg
- Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Institute for Clinical Research, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Levinson S, Neuspiel J, Eisenhower A, Blacher J. Parent-Teacher Disagreement on Ratings of Behavior Problems in Children with ASD: Associations with Parental School Involvement Over Time. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:1966-1982. [PMID: 32909166 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
ASD symptomology and behavioral problems pose challenges for children with ASD in school. Disagreement between parents and teachers in ratings of children's behavior problems may provide clinically relevant information. We examined parent-teacher disagreement on ratings of behavior problems among children with ASD during the fall and spring of the school year. When child, teacher, and class characteristics were considered simultaneously, only ASD symptom severity predicted informant disagreement on internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. We also examined associations between informant disagreement and parent school involvement. Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed that higher informant disagreement on children's behavior problems in the fall predicted lower parent school involvement in the spring, suggesting that greater informant agreement may foster parental school involvement over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Levinson
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA.
| | - Juliana Neuspiel
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA
| | - Abbey Eisenhower
- University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA
| | - Jan Blacher
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Perinatal anxiety and depressive symptoms and perception of child behavior and temperament in early motherhood. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 12:513-522. [PMID: 32907691 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The perinatal period is a vulnerable time for the development of psychopathology, particularly mood and anxiety disorders. In the study of maternal anxiety, important questions remain regarding the association between maternal anxiety symptoms and subsequent child outcomes. This study examined the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms, namely social anxiety, panic, and agoraphobia disorder symptoms during the perinatal period and maternal perception of child behavior, specifically different facets of development and temperament. Participants (N = 104) were recruited during pregnancy from a community sample. Participants completed clinician-administered and self-report measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 16 months postpartum; child behavior and temperament outcomes were assessed at 16 months postpartum. Child development areas included gross and fine motor skills, language and problem-solving abilities, and personal/social skills. Child temperament domains included surgency, negative affectivity, and effortful control. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that elevated prenatal social anxiety symptoms significantly predicted more negative maternal report of child behavior across most measured domains. Elevated prenatal social anxiety and panic symptoms predicted more negative maternal report of child effortful control. Depressive and agoraphobia symptoms were not significant predictors of child outcomes. Elevated anxiety symptoms appear to have a distinct association with maternal report of child development and temperament. Considering the relative influence of anxiety symptoms, particularly social anxiety, on maternal report of child behavior and temperament can help to identify potential difficulties early on in mother-child interactions as well as inform interventions for women and their families.
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Wiggins LD, Rubenstein E, Daniels J, DiGuiseppi C, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Schieve LA, Tian LH, Sabourin K, Moody E, Pinto-Martin J, Reyes N, Levy SE. A Phenotype of Childhood Autism Is Associated with Preexisting Maternal Anxiety and Depression. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:731-740. [PMID: 30128718 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study explored whether ASD phenotypes in the child were associated with a history of anxiety or depression in the mother. We hypothesized that an ASD profile in children characterized by mild delays and increased rates of dysregulation would be associated with preexisting maternal anxiety or depression. Participants were 672 preschool children with ASD and their mothers. Children were classified as ASD after a comprehensive developmental evaluation. Mothers reported whether a healthcare provider ever diagnosed them with anxiety or depression before the birth of their child. Four child ASD phenotypes were derived from latent class analysis: Mild Language Delay with Cognitive Rigidity (Type 1), Significant Developmental Delay with Repetitive Motor Behaviors (Type 2), General Developmental Delay (Type 3), and Mild Language and Motor Delay with Dysregulation (i.e., aggression, anxiety, depression, emotional reactivity, inattention, somatic complaints, and sleep problems) (Type 4). Type 2 ASD served as the referent category in statistical analyses. Results showed that 22.6% of mothers reported a diagnosis of anxiety or depression before the birth of their child. Maternal anxiety or depression was associated with 2.7 times the odds (95% confidence interval: 1.4, 5.3) of Type 4 or Dysregulated ASD in the child; maternal anxiety and depression was associated with 4.4 times the odds (95% confidence interval: 1.4, 14.0) of Type 4 or Dysregulated ASD in the child. Our findings suggest an association between Dysregulated ASD in the child and anxiety and depression in the mother. These findings can enhance screening methods and inform future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Wiggins
- NCBDDD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp
- NCBDDD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Laura A Schieve
- NCBDDD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Lin H Tian
- NCBDDD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | | | - Eric Moody
- University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Nuri Reyes
- University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan E Levy
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Allen TA, Oshri A, Rogosch FA, Toth SL, Cicchetti D. Offspring Personality Mediates the Association between Maternal Depression and Childhood Psychopathology. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 47:345-357. [PMID: 29959661 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Offspring of mothers diagnosed with major depression are at increased risk for a wide range of psychological problems. Previous research has shown that individual differences in personality development can be informative for predicting risk and resilience to psychopathology, especially within at-risk populations. In the present study, we examined whether individual differences in offspring personality development during early to middle childhood could account for the association between maternal depression and offspring behavior problems later in childhood. Participants included 64 offspring of mothers diagnosed with major depression and 68 offspring of healthy comparison mothers. Personality was assessed via parent report at ages 3, 4, 5, and 9. Offspring internalizing and externalizing symptoms were assessed at age 9 via parent and teacher report. Results of latent growth curve models indicated that offspring Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness mediated the link between early maternal depression and later childhood behavior problems, though results varied across maternal and teacher reports. Findings suggest that individual differences in youth personality and personality development are important predictors of emerging psychopathology among offspring of mothers diagnosed with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Allen
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 33 Russell Street Suite 1028, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada.
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Fred A Rogosch
- Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sheree L Toth
- Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dante Cicchetti
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Dittrich K, Bermpohl F, Kluczniok D, Hindi Attar C, Jaite C, Fuchs A, Neukel C, Herpertz SC, Brunner R, Winter SM, Lehmkuhl U, Roepke S, Kaess M, Heim C, Boedeker K. Alterations of empathy in mothers with a history of early life maltreatment, depression, and borderline personality disorder and their effects on child psychopathology. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1182-1190. [PMID: 31115280 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life maltreatment (ELM), borderline personality disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been associated with empathy deficits in different domains. Lack of maternal empathy has also been related to child behavioral problems. As ELM, BPD, and MDD often co-occur, we aimed to identify dissociable effects on empathy due to these three factors. In addition, we aimed to investigate their indirect effects via empathy on child psychopathology. METHODS We included 251 mothers with and without MDD (in remission), BPD and ELM and their children, aged 5-12. We used the Interpersonal Reactivity Index as a measure of empathy on four different dimensions (personal distress, empathic concern, perspective taking, and fantasy) and the Child Behavior Checklist as a measure of child psychopathology. RESULTS Having included all three factors (ELM, MDD, BPD) in one analysis, we found elevated personal distress in MDD and BPD, and lower levels of perspective-taking in BPD, but no effects from ELM on any empathy subscales. Furthermore, we found indirect effects from maternal BPD and MDD on child psychopathology, via maternal personal distress. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the dissociable effects of maternal ELM, MDD, and BPD on empathy. Elevated personal distress in mothers with BPD and MDD may lead to higher levels of child psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Dittrich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Bermpohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothea Kluczniok
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catherine Hindi Attar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Jaite
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Fuchs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinne Neukel
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, General Psychiatry, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine C Herpertz
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, General Psychiatry, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Romuald Brunner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Maria Winter
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Lehmkuhl
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Roepke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Kaess
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christine Heim
- Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katja Boedeker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
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Rasing SPA, Braam MWG, Brunwasser SM, Janssens JMAM, Creemers DHM, Scholte RHJ. Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Female Adolescents: Relations with Parental Psychopathology and Parenting Behavior. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2020; 30:298-313. [PMID: 31355507 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Parental psychopathology and parenting behavior are known to be related to adolescents depression and anxiety, but unique roles of mothers and fathers are not clear. Our aim was to examine the relation of maternal and paternal psychopathology, emotional support, and respect for autonomy, and their interaction to depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. In total, 142 female adolescents participated, together with 138 mothers and 113 fathers. Data were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling. Paternal emotional support was negatively related to adolescent baseline level of depression and anxiety symptoms. Further, we found that there was a positive association between respect for autonomy and depression symptoms in adolescents for higher levels of paternal symptoms of psychological problems.
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Depression-related distortions in maternal reports of child behaviour problems. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:275-285. [PMID: 31114966 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Associations between maternal depression and child behaviour problems may be biased due to depression-related distortions in the maternal reports. In this study, we compared the agreement between maternal, teacher and child ratings of hyperactivity/inattention (H/I), conduct (CD) and emotional (EM) problems measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a population with depressed and non-depressed mothers. The sample of 12,961 11-year-old children was drawn from the Danish National Birth Cohort. We also examined the association between maternal depression before and during the child's life and child H/I, CD and EM problems when reported by the different informants. Agreement between the informants was assessed with the Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LOA) and associations were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. We found large discrepancies between maternal and teacher ratings of child behavioural problems measured with the SDQ and less discrepancy between maternal and child self-ratings. Better agreement between informants was found in the population of depressed mothers compared to non-depressed mothers for H/I and CD problems, and not for EM symptoms. The LOA for all three subscales were wide in both populations, with the largest intervals ranging from - 6 (Lower LOA) to 3 (Upper LOA) for H/I. Statistically significant associations were found between maternal depression, and child H/I and CD problems when reported by the mother but not the teacher and only by the child, when maternal depression had been present during the child's life. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering each informants' ratings when obtaining ratings from multiple sources.
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Lean RE, Lessov-Shlaggar CN, Gerstein ED, Smyser TA, Paul RA, Smyser CD, Rogers CE. Maternal and family factors differentiate profiles of psychiatric impairments in very preterm children at age 5-years. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 61:157-166. [PMID: 31449335 PMCID: PMC6980170 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very preterm (VPT; <30 weeks gestation) children are a heterogeneous group, yet the co-occurrence of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental impairments remains unclear. Moreover, the clinical and socio-environmental factors that promote resilient developmental outcomes among VPT children are poorly understood. METHODS One hundred and twenty five children (85 VPT and 40 full-term) underwent neurodevelopmental evaluation at age 5-years. Parents and teachers completed measures of internalizing, externalizing, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and autism symptoms. Psychiatric and neurodevelopmental measures were analyzed using Latent Profile Analysis. Multinomial regression examined the extent that infant, sociodemographic, and family factors, collected prospectively from birth to follow-up, independently differentiated resilient and impaired children. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified, including a Typically Developing Group which represented 27.1% of the VPT group and 65.0% of the full-term group, an At-Risk Group with mild psychiatric and neurodevelopmental problems (VPT 44.7%, full-term 22.5%), a Psychiatric Group with moderate-to-severe psychiatric ratings (VPT 12.9%, full-term 10.0%), and a school-based Inattentive/Hyperactive Group (VPT 15.3%, full-term 2.5%). Clinical diagnoses were highest among the Psychiatric Group (80%). Factors that differentiated resilient and impaired subgroups of VPT children included prolonged exposure to maternal psychosocial distress (p ≤ .04), current family dysfunction (p ≤ .05), and maternal ADHD symptoms (p ≤ .02), whereas social risk index scores differentiated resilient and impaired full-term children (p < .03). CONCLUSIONS Lower levels of maternal distress, family dysfunction, and maternal ADHD symptoms were associated with resilience among VPT children. Maternal distress and family dysfunction are modifiable factors to be targeted as part of psychiatric interventions embedded in the long-term care of VPT children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Lean
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Tara A Smyser
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel A Paul
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Fife Donney J, Mitchell SJ, Lewin A. Medicaid Instability and Mental Health of Teen Parent Families. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2020; 43:10-16. [PMID: 31764302 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the effect of inconsistent Medicaid coverage on parenting stress, maternal depression, and child behavior in a sample of teen mothers and their children. The majority (54%) of mothers experienced inconsistent coverage. After 24 months, mothers experiencing inconsistent coverage had significantly higher parenting stress and depressive symptoms, and their children had more internalizing behaviors than families with consistent Medicaid. These differences existed despite no initial differences and controlling for numerous covariates. Policies and practices that stabilize Medicaid coverage for teen parent families may reduce unnecessary stress, depressive symptoms, and early childhood behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Fife Donney
- Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park (Drs Donney and Lewin). Dr Mitchell is an Independent Research Consultant, Nashville, Tennessee
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Claus N, Marzano L, Loechner J, Starman K, Voggt A, Loy F, Wermuth I, Haemmerle S, Engelmann L, Bley M, Schulte-Koerne G, Platt B. Qualitative evaluation of a preventive intervention for the offspring of parents with a history of depression. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:290. [PMID: 31533676 PMCID: PMC6751651 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials suggest that psychological interventions to reduce children's risk of depression are effective. Nevertheless, these effects are modest and diminish over time. The Medical Research Council recommends a mixed-methods approach to the evaluation of complex interventions. By gaining a more thorough understanding of participants' perspectives, qualitative evaluations of preventive interventions could improve their efficacy, longevity and transfer into clinical practice. METHODS 18 parents and 22 children who had received a 12-session family- and group-based cognitive-behavioural intervention to prevent youth depression as part of a randomised controlled trial took part in semi-structured interviews or a focus group about aspects which had been perceived as helpful, elements they were still using after the intervention had ended, and suggestions they had for improving the intervention. RESULTS The chance to openly share and discuss their experiences of depression within and between families was considered helpful by both children and parents. Children benefitted the most from learning coping strategies for dealing with stress and many still used them in everyday life. Parents profited mostly from increasing positive family time, but noted that maintaining new routines after the end of the intervention proved difficult. Participants were generally content with the intervention but commented on how tiring and time consuming it was. CONCLUSIONS Managing parents' expectations of family-based interventions in terms of their own mental health needs (versus those of their children) and leaving more room for open discussions may result in interventions which are more appealing to participating families. Increasing intervals between sessions may be one means of improving the longevity of interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION The original RCT this evaluation is a part of was registered under NCT02115880 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Claus
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Marzano
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University London, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT UK
| | - Johanna Loechner
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Kornelija Starman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alessandra Voggt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Loy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Inga Wermuth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Haemmerle
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lina Engelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Mirjam Bley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Koerne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Belinda Platt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Nussbaumstr. 5a, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Takács L, Smolík F, Putnam S. Assessing longitudinal pathways between maternal depressive symptoms, parenting self-esteem and infant temperament. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220633. [PMID: 31381596 PMCID: PMC6681961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of relations between parenting self-concepts, parental adjustment and child temperament have been ambiguous regarding the direction of influence; and have rarely followed families from pregnancy through the first year of life. The current study examines change and stability in maternal depressive symptoms, parenting competences and child temperament through the perinatal period until nine months postpartum. METHODS Czech mothers (N = 282) participated at three time points: the third trimester of pregnancy (Time 1), six weeks (Time 2) and nine months postpartum (Time 3). Questionnaire data concerned depressive symptoms (T1, T2, T3), maternal parenting self-esteem (T1, T2) and sense of competence (T3), and child temperament (T2, T3). A path model was used to examine concurrent and longitudinal relations between these variables. RESULTS The analyses indicated longitudinal stability of all constructs, as well as concurrent relations between them. Longitudinal relations supported child-to-parent, rather than parent-to-child, effects: child difficult temperament predicted decreases in perceived maternal parenting competences, but maternal variables did not predict change in infant temperament. In addition, we observed weak mutual relations between maternal depression levels and parenting competences, such that maternal depression diminished perceived parenting competences that in turn contributed to higher levels of depression. CONCLUSION Mothers' confidence in their ability to parent is influenced by their experience with a difficult infant and by their depressive symptoms during the child's first year of life. Depressive symptoms are, in turn, aggravated by mothers' low perceived competences in the parenting role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Takács
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Filip Smolík
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Putnam
- Department of Psychology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, United States of America
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Taylor ZE, Evich CD, Marceau K, Nair N, Jones BL. Associations between Effortful Control, Cortisol Awakening Response, and Depressive Problems in Latino Preadolescents. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2019; 39:1050-1077. [PMID: 31558851 PMCID: PMC6761986 DOI: 10.1177/0272431618798509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined associations between effortful control, a trait marker of self-regulation, adaptive HPA system functioning (as reflected by the CAR), and concurrent and longitudinal depressive problems, in a sample of preadolescent Latino youth (N = 119, mean age = 11.53 years, 59% female). We hypothesized that trait readiness for self-regulation (e.g., effortful control) could be related to physiological state readiness for self-regulation (e.g., CAR), and that both may counter depressive problems. We found that youth's CAR was positively associated with effortful control, and negatively with youth depressive problems. Effortful control and youth depressive problems were also negatively associated. Longitudinal relations of CAR and effortful control on depressive problems at T2 were not significant in the structural equation model after controlling for T1 depressive problems, although these variables were significant in the bivariate correlations. Results suggest that both trait-regulation and physiological regulation may counter depressive problems in Latino youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E. Taylor
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Carly D. Evich
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Nayantara Nair
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Blake L. Jones
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
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Cohen JR, So FK, Young JF, Hankin BL, Lee BA. Youth Depression Screening with Parent and Self-Reports: Assessing Current and Prospective Depression Risk. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2019; 50:647-660. [PMID: 30737605 PMCID: PMC6613974 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the incremental validity of multi-informant depression screening approaches. In response, we examined how recommendations for using a multi-informant approach may vary for identifying concurrent or prospective depressive episodes. Participants included 663 youth (AgeM = 11.83; AgeSD = 2.40) and their caregiver who independently completed youth depression questionnaires, and clinical diagnostic interviews, every 6 months for 3 years. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed that youth-report best predicted concurrent episodes, and that both youth and parent-report were necessary to adequately forecast prospective episodes. More specifically, youth-reported negative mood symptoms and parent-reported anhedonic symptoms incrementally predicted future depressive episodes. Findings were invariant to youth's sex and age, and results from person and variable-centered analyses suggested that discrepancies between informants were not clinically meaningful. Implications for future research and evidence-based decision making for depression screening initiatives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Felix K. So
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Jami F. Young
- CDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Benjamin L. Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
| | - Brenda A. Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL
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Makol BA, Polo AJ. Parent-Child Endorsement Discrepancies among Youth at Chronic-Risk for Depression. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 46:1077-1088. [PMID: 29124497 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-017-0360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental health problems among U.S. adolescents, particularly among Latinos. Parent-child ratings of the presence and severity of child depressive symptoms show only low-to-moderate agreement. However, research has failed to examine discrepancies in populations with the highest levels of unmet need and little is known about patterns and predictors of parent-child agreement in ratings of depressive symptoms among ethnic minority families in community settings. Using a sample of 184 low-income, predominantly Latino, 5th through 7th grade students (63.6% female) at chronic risk for depression, this study utilized exploratory Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to uncover patterns of parent-child endorsement of core diagnostic depressive symptoms. Overall, children reported higher levels of core (i.e., depressed mood, anhedonia, irritability) and secondary (e.g., sleep disturbances) depressive symptoms relative to their parents. The three latent classes identified include a low endorsement and high agreement class (LH), high endorsement and high agreement class (HH), and high child endorsement and low agreement class (HCL). Multinomial regression models revealed that previous mental health service use and higher externalizing problems were associated with HH class membership, relative to HCL class membership. Findings provide evidence that a substantial number of children may have depressive symptoms that go undetected by their parents. Access to services among children at-risk for depression may be increased with psychoeducation to improve parental awareness and stigma reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Makol
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123J, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Antonio J Polo
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N. Kenmore Ave., Chicago, IL, USA
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Latent Profiles of Perceived Parental Psychopathology: Associations with Emerging Adult Psychological Problems. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2019; 50:411-424. [PMID: 30357540 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-018-0851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the complex relations between parent and child psychopathology would be enhanced if common patterns of parental problem types or particular parent dyads were identified. The current study used latent profile analysis to allow for a person-centered approach to the examination of which parental psychopathology subgroups based on their perceived depressive, anxiety, and antisocial problems are both most common and most strongly associated with emerging adult psychopathology. Participants included 2204 emerging adults enrolled in a Southern United States university who reported on their perceptions of their parents' and their own current psychological problems. A 5-profile solution for perceived parental psychopathology was identified and represented anticipated groups (e.g., low problems, high problems, high internalizing only, high externalizing only). The largest effects of these profiles were found for emerging adult antisocial problems, and paternal profiles demonstrated larger effect sizes relative to maternal profiles. When both parents were perceived as having elevated problems, emerging adults also generally reported the highest rates of their own psychological problems. Results also suggest that perceiving as having low problems may protect against the negative effects of the other parent's antisocial problems or depressive/anxiety problems, but may not be sufficient when a parent has elevated problems across domains. Findings indicate the importance of considering varying levels of psychopathology.
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50
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Impact of Maternal Early Life Maltreatment and Maternal History of Depression on Child Psychopathology: Mediating Role of Maternal Sensitivity? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2019; 50:278-290. [PMID: 30132095 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-018-0839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The study addresses the impact of maternal early life maltreatment (ELM) and maternal history of depression (HoD) on offspring's mental health. Maternal sensitivity was examined as a potential mediator explaining the relationship between maternal ELM, maternal HoD and child psychopathology. Participants were 194 mothers with and without HoD and/or ELM as well as their children between 5 and 12 years. Maternal sensitivity was assessed using the Emotional Availability Scales. Parent and teacher ratings were utilized to assess child psychopathology. Path analyses showed an indirect effect of maternal HoD on parents' ratings of child psychopathology with maternal sensitivity as mediating variable. In contrast, maternal ELM was directly linked to teachers' ratings of child psychopathology; this effect was not mediated by maternal sensitivity. Our results indicate that the impact of maternal HoD, maternal ELM, and maternal sensitivity on offspring psychopathology might vary depending on the context in which child psychopathology is assessed.
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