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Liu J, Liu F, Liang T, Zhou Y, Su X, Li X, Zeng J, Qu P, Wang Y, Chen F, Lei Q, Li G, Cheng P. The roles of Th cells in myocardial infarction. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:287. [PMID: 38879568 PMCID: PMC11180143 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is a serious condition caused by the abrupt stoppage of blood flow to a part of the heart, leading to tissue damage. A significant aspect of this condition is reperfusion injury, which occurs when blood flow is restored but exacerbates the damage. This review first addresses the role of the innate immune system, including neutrophils and macrophages, in the cascade of events leading to myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. It then shifts focus to the critical involvement of CD4+ T helper cells in these processes. These cells, pivotal in regulating the immune response and tissue recovery, include various subpopulations such as Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, and Th22, each playing a unique role in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury. These subpopulations contribute to the injury process through diverse mechanisms, with cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-4 influencing the balance between tissue repair and injury exacerbation. Understanding the interplay between the innate immune system and CD4+ T helper cells, along with their cytokines, is crucial for developing targeted therapies to mitigate myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury, ultimately improving outcomes for cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Feila Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohan Su
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiao Zeng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Peng Qu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Biological Targeting Laboratory of Breast Cancer, Academician (expert) workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Panke Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases & Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Samarakoon N, Chang T, Gunasekara V, Ratnayake P, Jayatillake R, Udagama P. Selected serum cytokines and vitamin D levels as potential prognostic markers of acute ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299631. [PMID: 38870172 PMCID: PMC11175438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-derived oxidative stress is postulated to contribute to neuronal damage leading to poor clinical outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). We aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of selected cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-4), and vitamin D in ischemic stroke progression, and their accuracy in predicting AIS prognosis, among Sri Lankans. We compared 60 AIS patients admitted in 4 phases post-stroke onset (<6 h; 6-24 h; 24-48 h; 48-96 h; n = 15/phase), with 15 age- and sex-matched controls. The 30-day functional outcome (FO) was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Serum cytokine and vitamin D levels were quantified using sandwich ELISAs, and competitive ELISA, respectively. The CombiROC web tool established optimal prognostic biomarker combinations. Serum IL-1β and IFN-γ were elevated in all four phases following stroke onset while IL-4 was elevated exclusively in the recovery phase (48-96 h) (p<0.05). Th1 bias polarization of the Th1:Th2 cytokine (IFN-γ:IL-4) ratio occurred with AIS progression while a Th2 bias occurred during AIS recovery (p<0.05). Lower serum IL-1β and higher IL-4 levels were associated with a good FO (p<0.05), while lower Vitamin D levels were related to a poor FO (p = 0.001). The triple-biomarker panel, IL-4- IFN-γ -Vit D, accurately predicted AIS prognosis (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 91.9%, area under the curve = 0.98). Serum immunologic mediators IFN-γ, IL-4, and vitamin D may be useful biomarkers of AIS prognosis and may serve as therapeutic targets in improving stroke outcomes. Vitamin D supplementation may improve the prognosis of AIS patients. Furthermore, binary logistic model fitted for FO indicated Th1:Th2 cytokine ratio (IFN-γ:IL-4), vitamin D status, history of stroke, and ischemic heart disease as significant predictors of AIS prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmali Samarakoon
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Thashi Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Vimukthi Gunasekara
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Praneeth Ratnayake
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Rasika Jayatillake
- Faculty of Science, Department of Statistics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Preethi Udagama
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Dong Y, Zhang X, Wang Y. Interleukins in Epilepsy: Friend or Foe. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:635-657. [PMID: 38265567 PMCID: PMC11127910 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder with recurrent unprovoked seizures, affecting ~ 65 million worldwide. Evidence in patients with epilepsy and animal models suggests a contribution of neuroinflammation to epileptogenesis and the development of epilepsy. Interleukins (ILs), as one of the major contributors to neuroinflammation, are intensively studied for their association and modulatory effects on ictogenesis and epileptogenesis. ILs are commonly divided into pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and therefore are expected to be pathogenic or neuroprotective in epilepsy. However, both protective and destructive effects have been reported for many ILs. This may be due to the complex nature of ILs, and also possibly due to the different disease courses that those ILs are involved in. In this review, we summarize the contributions of different ILs in those processes and provide a current overview of recent research advances, as well as preclinical and clinical studies targeting ILs in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dong
- Neuropsychiatry Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Xia Zhang
- Neuropsychiatry Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Neuropsychiatry Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Wang J, Wang L, Wu Q, Cai Y, Cui C, Yang M, Sun B, Mao L, Wang Y. Interleukin-4 Modulates Neuroinflammation by Inducing Phenotypic Transformation of Microglia Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Inflammation 2024; 47:390-403. [PMID: 37898992 PMCID: PMC10799105 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01917-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, a key pathological feature following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), can be therapeutically targeted by inhibiting microglia M1 polarization and promoting phenotypic transformation to M2 microglia. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine known to its regulation of physiological functions of the central nervous system (CNS) and mediate neuroinflammatory processes. However, its specific role in neuroinflammation and microglia responses following SAH remains unexplored. In this investigation, we established both in vivo and in vitro SAH models and employed a comprehensive array of assessments, including ELISA, neurofunctional profiling, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, determination of phagocytic capacity, and RNA-Seq analyses. The findings demonstrate an elevated expression of IL-4 within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) subsequent to SAH. Furthermore, exogenous administration of IL-4 ameliorates post-SAH neurofunctional deficits, attenuates cellular apoptosis, fosters M2 microglia phenotype conversion, and mitigates neuroinflammatory responses. The RNA-Seq analysis signifies that IL-4 governs the modulation of neuroinflammation in microglia within an in vitro SAH model through intricate cascades of signaling pathways, encompassing interactions between cytokines and cytokine receptors. These discoveries not only augment comprehension of the neuropathogenesis associated with post-SAH neuroinflammation but also present novel therapeutic targets for the management thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
- Institute for Neurological Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Institute for Neurological Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Qingjian Wu
- Department of Emergency, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, Shandong Province, 272011, China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Institute for Neurological Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Chengfu Cui
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis and Treatment, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Baoliang Sun
- Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China.
- Institute for Neurological Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
| | - Leilei Mao
- Institute for Neurological Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Li Z, Pang Y, Hou L, Xing X, Yu F, Gao M, Wang J, Li X, Zhang L, Xiao Y. Exosomal OIP5-AS1 attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by negatively regulating TXNIP protein stability and inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111310. [PMID: 38103409 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) can cause neuronal apoptosis and lead to irreversible brain injury. Numerous lncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in CIRI, but it is unclear whether these lncRNAs can function through exosomes. METHODS In this study, we utilized the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) animal model and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model. RNA sequencing was performed to screen for differentially expressed lncRNAs in M2 microglia-derived exosomes (M2-Exos). RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays were used to explore the molecular mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in alleviating CIRI. RESULTS M2-Exos could alleviate nerve injury and pyroptosis after CIRI in vitro and in vivo. OIP5-AS1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in M2-Exos and down-regulated in OGD/R neurons, MCAO/R mice and ischemic stroke patients. In MCAO/R mice, OIP5-AS1 could reduce cerebral infarct size, cerebral edema and mNSS scores, and inhibit the expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins in brain tissue. TXNIP was confirmed to be a reliable binding protein of OIP5-AS1. OIP5-AS1 overexpression significantly attenuated MCAO/R-induced upregulation of TXNIP at the protein level, but not at the mRNA level. OIP5-AS1 promoted the TXNIP degradation process and increased the ubiquitination of TXNIP. ITCH could bind to TXNIP. ITCH overexpression or knockdown did not alter the mRNA level of TXNIP, but negatively regulated TXNIP expression at the protein level. ITCH accelerated the degradation and ubiquitination of TXNIP, which could be attenuated by OIP5-AS1 knockdown. OIP5-AS1 could improve neuronal damage and inhibit neuronal pyroptosis through TXNIP. CONCLUSIONS M2-Exo-derived OIP5-AS1 can induce TXNIP ubiquitination and degradation by recruiting ITCH, negatively regulate TXNIP protein stability, inhibit neuronal pyroptosis, and attenuate CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250063, China
| | - Yuejiu Pang
- Department of Healthcare Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250021, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China
| | - Fuhua Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China
| | - Mingxu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China
| | - Jiyue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China.
| | - Liyong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China.
| | - Yilei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province 252000, China.
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Sun XR, Yao ZM, Chen L, Huang J, Dong SY. Metabolic reprogramming regulates microglial polarization and its role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:1065-1078. [PMID: 37339781 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The brain is quite sensitive to changes in energy supply because of its high energetic demand. Even small changes in energy metabolism may be the basis of impaired brain function, leading to the occurrence and development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Abundant evidence supports that metabolic defects of brain energy during the post-reperfusion period, especially low glucose oxidative metabolism and elevated glycolysis levels, which play a crucial role in cerebral I/R pathophysiology. Whereas research on brain energy metabolism dysfunction under the background of cerebral I/R mainly focuses on neurons, the research on the complexity of microglia energy metabolism in cerebral I/R is just emerging. As resident immune cells of the central nervous system, microglia activate rapidly and then transform into an M1 or M2 phenotype to correspond to changes in brain homeostasis during cerebral I/R injury. M1 microglia release proinflammatory factors to promote neuroinflammation, while M2 microglia play a neuroprotective role by secreting anti-inflammatory factors. The abnormal brain microenvironment promotes the metabolic reprogramming of microglia, which further affects the polarization state of microglia and disrupts the dynamic equilibrium of M1/M2, resulting in the aggravation of cerebral I/R injury. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming is a key driver of microglial inflammation. For example, M1 microglia preferentially produce energy through glycolysis, while M2 microglia provide energy primarily through oxidative phosphorylation. In this review, we highlight the emerging significance of regulating microglial energy metabolism in cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zi-Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu, China
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
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Radpour M, Khoshkroodian B, Asgari T, Pourbadie HG, Sayyah M. Interleukin 4 Reduces Brain Hyperexcitability after Traumatic Injury by Downregulating TNF-α, Upregulating IL-10/TGF-β, and Potential Directing Macrophage/Microglia to the M2 Anti-inflammatory Phenotype. Inflammation 2023; 46:1810-1831. [PMID: 37259014 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage/microglia are activated after Traumatic brain injury (TBI), transform to inflammatory phenotype (M1) and trigger neuroinflammation, which provokes epileptogenesis. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a well-known drive of macrophage/microglia to the anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2). We tested effect of IL-4 on speed of epileptogenesis, brain expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and lesion size in TBI-injured male rats. Rats underwent TBI by Controlled Cortical Impact. Then 100 ng IL-4 was injected into cerebral ventricles. One day after TBI, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling started and development of generalized seizures was recorded. The lesion size, cell survival rate, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-10, and Arginase1 (Arg1) was measured in the brain 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 5 days after TBI. Astrocytes and macrophage/microglia activation/polarization was assessed by GFAP/Arg1 and Iba1/Arg1 immunostaining. TBI-injured rats were kindled by 50% less PTZ injections than control and sham-operated rats. IL-4 did not change kindling rate in sham-operated rats but inhibited acceleration of kindling rate in the TBI-injured rats. IL-4 decreased damage volume and number of destroyed neurons. IL-4 stopped TNF-α whereas upregulated TGF-β, IL-10, and Arg1 expressions. Iba1/Arg1 positive macrophage/microglia was notably increased 48 h after IL-4 administration. IL-4 suppresses TBI-induced acceleration of epileptogenesis in rats by directing TBI neuroinflammation toward an anti-inflammatory tone and inhibition of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Radpour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Khoshkroodian
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | - Tara Asgari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Sayyah
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Whitaker EE, Mecum NE, Cott RC, Goode DJ. Novel expression of major histocompatibility complex II in dorsal root ganglion neurons attenuates paclitaxel-induced cold hypersensitivity in male and female mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.31.535136. [PMID: 37066176 PMCID: PMC10103942 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.535136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is often a life-saving treatment, but the development of intractable pain caused by chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major dose-limiting toxicity that restricts survival rates. Recent reports demonstrate that paclitaxel (PTX) robustly increases anti-inflammatory CD4+ T cells in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and that T cells and anti-inflammatory cytokines are protective against CIPN. However, the mechanism by which CD4+ T cells are activated, and the extent cytokines released by CD4+ T cells target DRG neurons are unknown. Here, we found novel expression of functional major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) protein in DRG neurons, and CD4+ T cells in close proximity to DRG neurons, together suggesting CD4+ T cell activation and targeted cytokine release. MHCII protein is primarily expressed in small nociceptive neurons in male mouse DRG regardless of PTX, while MHCII is induced in small nociceptive neurons in female DRG after PTX. Accordingly, reducing MHCII in small nociceptive neurons increased hypersensitivity to cold only in naive male mice, but increased severity of PTX-induced cold hypersensitivity in both sexes. Collectively, our results demonstrate expression of MHCII on DRG neurons and a functional role during homeostasis and inflammation.
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9
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Wan C, Pei J, Wang D, Hu J, Tang Z, Zhao W. Identification of m 6A methylation-related genes in cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion of Breviscapus therapy based on bioinformatics methods. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:210. [PMID: 37670341 PMCID: PMC10478429 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion (I/R) frequently causes late-onset neuronal damage. Breviscapine promotes autophagy in microvascular endothelial cells in I/R and can inhibit oxidative damage and apoptosis. However, the mediation mechanism of breviscapine on neuronal cell death is unclear. METHODS First, transcriptome sequencing was performed on three groups of mice: the neuronal normal group (Control group), the oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation group (OGD/R group) and the breviscapine administration group (Therapy group). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the OGD/R and control groups and between the Therapy and OGD/R groups were obtained by the limma package. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation-related DEGs were selected by Pearson correlation analysis. Then, prediction and confirmation of drug targets were performed by Swiss Target Prediction and UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB) database, and key genes were obtained by Pearson correlation analysis between m6A-related DEGs and drug target genes. Next, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used to obtain the pathways of key genes. Finally, a circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA network was constructed based on the mRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs. RESULTS A total of 2250 DEGs between the OGD/R and control groups and 757 DEGs between the Therapy and OGD/R groups were selected by differential analysis. A total of 7 m6A-related DEGs, including Arl4d, Gm10653, Gm1113, Kcns3, Olfml2a, Stk26 and Tfcp2l1, were obtained by Pearson correlation analysis. Four key genes (Tfcp2l1, Kcns3, Olfml2a and Arl4d) were acquired, and GSEA showed that these key genes significantly participated in DNA repair, e2f targets and the g2m checkpoint. IPA revealed that Tfcp2l1 played a significant role in human embryonic stem cell pluripotency. The circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA network showed that mmu_circ_0001258 regulated Tfcp2l1 by mmu-miR-301b-3p. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, four key genes, Tfcp2l1, Kcns3, Olfml2a and Arl4d, significantly associated with the treatment of OGD/R by breviscapine were identified, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Jingchun Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Jihong Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Zhiwei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China.
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10
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Tao H, Dong L, Shan X, Li L, Chen H. MicroRNA-32-3p facilitates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibiting Cab39/AMPK. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110504. [PMID: 37379707 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key pathogenic factor of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. MicroRNA-32-3p (miR-32-3p) plays critical roles in regulating ischemic diseases; however, its role in oxidative stress and cerebral I/R injury remains elusive. Primary cortical neurons and rats were treated with the agomir, antagomir and matched controls of miR-32-3p, and then received oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) or I/R stimulation. To investigate the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and calcium-binding protein 39 (Cab39), a pharmacological inhibitor and small interfering RNA were used in vivo and in vitro. Herein, we found that miR-32-3p was upregulated in OGD/R-treated neurons and I/R-injured brains, and that inhibiting miR-32-3p by the miR-32-3p antagomir dramatically alleviated oxidative stress and neural death in OGD/R-stimulated primary cortical neurons. Conversely, overexpressing miR-32-3p by the miR-32-3p agomir further aggravated OGD/R-induced neural death and oxidative damage in primary cortical neurons. Meanwhile, we observed that the miR-32-3p antagomir prevented, while the miR-32-3p agomir facilitated neural death, oxidative damage and cerebral I/R injury in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-32-3p bound to the 3'-untranslated regions of Cab39, inhibited its protein level and subsequently inactivated AMPK. Conversely, treatment with the miR-32-3p antagomir upregulated Cab39 and activated AMPK, thereby attenuating oxidative damage and cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, inhibiting AMPK or Cab39 dramatically blocked the miR-32-3p antagomir-mediated beneficial effects against cerebral I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. miR-32-3p plays critical roles in neural death and oxidative damage upon I/R stimulation, and it is a novel target to treat cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmiao Tao
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lihua Dong
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haohao Chen
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321017, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Rodríguez-Palma EJ, De la Luz-Cuellar YE, Islas-Espinoza AM, Félix-Leyva AE, Shiers SI, García G, Torres-Lopez JE, Delgado-Lezama R, Murbartián J, Price TJ, Granados-Soto V. Activation of α 6 -containing GABA A receptors induces antinociception under physiological and pathological conditions. Pain 2023; 164:948-966. [PMID: 36001074 PMCID: PMC9950299 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The loss of GABAergic inhibition is a mechanism that underlies neuropathic pain. Therefore, rescuing the GABAergic inhibitory tone through the activation of GABA A receptors is a strategy to reduce neuropathic pain. This study was designed to elucidate the function of the spinal α 6 -containing GABA A receptor in physiological conditions and neuropathic pain in female and male rats. Results show that α 6 -containing GABA A receptor blockade or transient α 6 -containing GABA A receptor knockdown induces evoked hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain in naive female rats. The α 6 subunit is expressed in IB4 + and CGRP + primary afferent neurons in the rat spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia but not astrocytes. Nerve injury reduces α 6 subunit protein expression in the central terminals of the primary afferent neurons and dorsal root ganglia, whereas intrathecal administration of positive allosteric modulators of the α 6 -containing GABA A receptor reduces tactile allodynia and spontaneous nociceptive behaviors in female, but not male, neuropathic rats and mice. Overexpression of the spinal α 6 subunit reduces tactile allodynia and restores α 6 subunit expression in neuropathic rats. Positive allosteric modulators of the α 6 -containing GABA A receptor induces a greater antiallodynic effect in female rats and mice compared with male rats and mice. Finally, α 6 subunit is expressed in humans. This receptor is found in CGRP + and P2X3 + primary afferent fibers but not astrocytes in the human spinal dorsal horn. Our results suggest that the spinal α 6 -containing GABA A receptor has a sex-specific antinociceptive role in neuropathic pain, suggesting that this receptor may represent an interesting target to develop a novel treatment for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick J. Rodríguez-Palma
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yarim E. De la Luz-Cuellar
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Islas-Espinoza
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adalberto E. Félix-Leyva
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Stephanie I. Shiers
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Guadalupe García
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge E. Torres-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos de Dolor, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Delgado-Lezama
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Cinvestav, Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Murbartián
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Vinicio Granados-Soto
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, South Campus, Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Gärtner Y, Bitar L, Zipp F, Vogelaar CF. Interleukin-4 as a therapeutic target. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108348. [PMID: 36657567 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine mainly known for its role in type 2 immunity. Therapies antagonizing or blocking IL-4 activity have been developed to counteract diseases such as atopic dermatitis and asthma. In contrast, other disorders experimentally benefit from IL-4-related effects and IL-4 recently demonstrated beneficial activity in experimental stroke, spinal cord injury and the animal model of multiple sclerosis. To exploit IL-4-related activity for therapeutic concepts, current experimental efforts include modifying the pathway without inducing type 2 immune response and targeting of the cytokine to specific tissues. Here, we review different activities of IL-4 as well as therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Gärtner
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lynn Bitar
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frauke Zipp
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Francisca Vogelaar
- Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn(2)), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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13
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Neuroprotection of boropinol-B in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. Brain Res 2023; 1798:148132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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The complex role of inflammation and gliotransmitters in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 176:105940. [PMID: 36470499 PMCID: PMC10372760 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the role of innate and adaptive immune cell function in brain health and how it goes awry during aging and neurodegenerative diseases is still in its infancy. Inflammation and immunological dysfunction are common components of Parkinson's disease (PD), both in terms of motor and non-motor components of PD. In recent decades, the antiquated notion that the central nervous system (CNS) in disease states is an immune-privileged organ, has been debunked. The immune landscape in the CNS influences peripheral systems, and peripheral immunological changes can alter the CNS in health and disease. Identifying immune and inflammatory pathways that compromise neuronal health and survival is critical in designing innovative and effective strategies to limit their untoward effects on neuronal health.
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Xu H, You M, Xiang X, Zhao J, Yuan P, Chu L, Xie C. Molecular Mechanism of Epimedium Extract against Ischemic Stroke Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3858314. [PMID: 36338345 PMCID: PMC9633197 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3858314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke exhibits high morbidity, disability, and mortality, and treatments for ischemic stroke are limited despite intensive research. The potent neuroprotective benefits of Epimedium against ischemic stroke have gained lots of interest. Nevertheless, systematic research on the direct role and mechanisms of Epimedium in ischemic stroke is still lacking. Network pharmacology analysis coupled with experimental verification was utilized to systematically evaluate the potential pharmacological mechanism of Epimedium against ischemic stroke. The TCMSP database was used to mine the bioactive ingredients and Epimedium's targets. The DrugBank, OMIM, and GeneCards databases were employed to identify potential targets of ischemic stroke. GO and KEGG pathway analyses were also carried out. The interaction between active components and hub targets was confirmed via molecular docking. An experimental ischemic stroke model was used to evaluate the possible therapeutic mechanism of Epimedium. As a result, 23 bioactive compounds of Epimedium were selected, and 30 hub targets of Epimedium in its function against ischemic stroke were identified, and molecular docking results demonstrated good binding. The IL-17 signaling pathway was revealed as a potentially significant pathway, with the NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways being involved. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that Epimedium treatment could improve neurological function and reduce infarct volume. Additionally, Epimedium reduced the activation of microglia and astrocytes in both the ischemic penumbra of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex following ischemic stroke. Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses demonstrated that Epimedium not only depressed the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-4 but also inhibited the NF-κB and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. This study applied network pharmacology and in vivo experiment to explore possible mechanism of Epimedium's role against ischemic stroke, which provides insight into the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Mingyao You
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Xiang Xiang
- Neurosurgery Department of Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dazhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 635000, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Lan Chu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Chenchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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16
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Wang T, Liu C. Role of hypoxia inducible factor 1α/Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 in alleviating effect of interleukin-4 on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:369-374. [PMID: 36910409 PMCID: PMC9993290 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) is the pathophysiological basis of various cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the role of HIF-1α/BNIP3 in the alleviating effect of IL-4 on CIRI in mice. Methodology Mice were randomly divided into sham operation (Sham), ischemia reperfusion (IR), IL-4, HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 and IL-4+2ME2 groups. Middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established. After 24-h reperfusion, neurologic deficit score (NDS) was given. Cerebral infarction volume and brain water content were measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and dry-wet weights, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. SOD, MDA and ROS levels, and HIF-1α, BNIP3, LC3II and Beclin-1 expressions were detected through colorimetry and Western blotting, respectively. Results Compared with IR group, NDS, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, apoptosis rate, and MDA and ROS levels decreased, while SOD, HIF-1α, BNIP3, LC3-II and Beclin-1 levels increased in IL-4 group (P<0.05). 2ME2 and IL-4+2ME2 groups had decreased NDS, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, apoptosis rate and MDA, ROS, HIF-1α, BNIP3, LC3-II and Beclin-1 levels, but increased SOD level compared with those of IL-4 group (P<0.05). Conclusion IL-4 reduces apoptosis and oxidative stress through activating the HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathway, thereby alleviating mouse CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing 163001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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17
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Kumar G, Asthana P, Yung WH, Kwan KM, Tin C, Ma CHE. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Interposed Nucleus Reverses Motor Deficits and Stimulates Production of Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Ataxia Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4578-4592. [PMID: 35581519 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02872-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellum is one of the major targets of autoimmunity and cerebellar damage that leads to ataxia characterized by the loss of fine motor coordination and balance, with no treatment available. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) could be a promising treatment for ataxia but has not been extensively investigated. Here, our study aims to investigate the use of interposed nucleus of deep cerebellar nuclei (IN-DCN) for ataxia. We first characterized ataxia-related motor symptom of a Purkinje cell (PC)-specific LIM homeobox (Lhx)1 and Lhx5 conditional double knockout mice by motor coordination tests, and spontaneous electromyogram (EMG) recording. To validate IN-DCN as a target for DBS, in vivo local field potential (LFP) multielectrode array recording of IN-DCN revealed abnormal LFP amplitude surges in PCs. By synchronizing the EMG and IN-DCN recordings (neurospike and LFP) with high-speed video recordings, ataxia mice showed poorly coordinated movements associated with low EMG amplitude and aberrant IN-DCN neural firing. To optimize IN-DCN-DBS for ataxia, we tested DBS parameters from low (30 Hz) to high stimulation frequency (130 or 150 Hz), and systematically varied pulse width values (60 or 80 µs) to maximize motor symptom control in ataxia mice. The optimal IN-DCN-DBS parameter reversed motor deficits in ataxia mice as detected by animal behavioral tests and EMG recording. Mechanistically, cytokine array analysis revealed that anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4 were upregulated after IN-DCN-DBS, which play key roles in neural excitability. As such, we show that IN-DCN-DBS is a promising treatment for ataxia and possibly other movement disorders alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pallavi Asthana
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kin Ming Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chung Tin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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18
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Goode DJ, Whitaker EE, Mecum NE. Ovariectomy increases paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and reduces anti-inflammatory CD4+ T cells in the dorsal root ganglion of female mice. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 367:577878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Li Y, Lu J, Wang J, Deng P, Meng C, Tang H. Inflammatory Cytokines and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:779899. [PMID: 35111052 PMCID: PMC8801801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Observational studies have revealed the association between some inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of ischemic stroke, but the causal relationships remain unclear. Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal effects of thirty inflammatory cytokines and the risk of ischemic stroke. For exposure data, we collected genetic variants associated with inflammatory cytokines as instrumental variables (IVs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis from Finland (sample size up to 8,293). For the outcome data, we collected summary data of ischemic stroke from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis involved 17 studies (34,217 cases and 406,111 controls). We further performed a series of sensitivity analyses as validation of primary MR results. Results: According to the primary MR estimations and further sensitivity analyses, we established one robust association after Bonferroni correction: the odds ratio (95% CI) per unit change in genetically increased IL-4 was 0.84 (0.89–0.95) for ischemic stroke. The chemokine MCP3 showed a nominally significant association with ischemic stroke risk (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99, unadjusted p < 0.05). There was no evidence of a causal effect of other inflammatory cytokines and the risk of ischemic stroke. Conclusions: Our study suggested that genetically increased IL-4 levels showed a protective effect on the risk of ischemic stroke, which provides important new insights into the potential therapeutic target for preventing ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Li
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peizhi Deng
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changjiang Meng
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Tang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Zhu H, Hu S, Li Y, Sun Y, Xiong X, Hu X, Chen J, Qiu S. Interleukins and Ischemic Stroke. Front Immunol 2022; 13:828447. [PMID: 35173738 PMCID: PMC8841354 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke after cerebral artery occlusion is one of the major causes of chronic disability worldwide. Interleukins (ILs) play a bidirectional role in ischemic stroke through information transmission, activation and regulation of immune cells, mediating the activation, multiplication and differentiation of T and B cells and in the inflammatory reaction. Crosstalk between different ILs in different immune cells also impact the outcome of ischemic stroke. This overview is aimed to roughly discuss the multiple roles of ILs after ischemic stroke. The roles of IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-19, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-32, IL-33, IL-34, IL-37, and IL-38 in ischemic stroke were discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siping Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjing Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junjing Chen, ; Sheng Qiu,
| | - Sheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junjing Chen, ; Sheng Qiu,
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21
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Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 29 Exacerbates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6955628. [PMID: 34824671 PMCID: PMC8610700 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6955628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis contribute to the progression of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ubiquitin-specific protease 29 (USP29) is abundantly expressed in the brain and plays critical roles in regulating oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of USP29 in cerebral I/R injury. Neuron-specific USP29 knockout mice were generated and subjected to cerebral I/R surgery. For USP29 overexpression, mice were stereotactically injected with the adenoassociated virus serotype 9 vectors carrying USP29 for 4 weeks before cerebral I/R. And primary cortical neurons were isolated and exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) stimulation to imitate cerebral I/R injury in vitro. USP29 expression was elevated in the brain and primary cortical neurons upon I/R injury. Neuron-specific USP29 knockout significantly diminished, whereas USP29 overexpression aggravated cerebral I/R-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurological dysfunction in mice. In addition, OGD/R-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis were also attenuated by USP29 silence but exacerbated by USP29 overexpression in vitro. Mechanistically, neuronal USP29 enhanced p53/miR-34a-mediated silent information regulator 1 downregulation and then promoted the acetylation and suppression of brain and muscle ARNT-like protein, thereby aggravating oxidative stress and apoptosis upon cerebral I/R injury. Our findings for the first time identify that USP29 upregulation during cerebral I/R may contribute to oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and the progression of cerebral I/R injury and that inhibition of USP29 may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies to treat cerebral I/R injury.
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22
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Genel O, Pariante CM, Borsini A. The role of AQP4 in the pathogenesis of depression, and possible related mechanisms. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 98:366-377. [PMID: 34474133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water-regulatory channel or production of autoantibodies against this protein have been implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, and possible mechanisms have been proposed. However, the nature of the interaction between AQP4 expression and its implications in depression remain elusive. To our knowledge, this is the first review summarising data for the involvement of AQP4 in the context of depression and related mechanisms across a wide range of experimental studies: pre-clinical (KO and wild-type), post-mortem, ex vivo, and clinical studies in depression. Overall, preclinical AQP4 wild-type studies showed that exposure to stress or inflammation, used as models of depression, decreased AQP4 protein and gene expression in various brain regions, including prefrontal cortex (PFC), choroid plexus and, especially, hippocampus. In preclinical AQP4 KO studies, AQP4 expression is necessary to prevent the effect of stress and inflammation on reduced neurogenesis and gliogenesis, and increased apoptosis and depressive-like behaviours. While in post-mortem and ex vivo studies of depression AQP4 expression was usually decreased in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and locus coeruleus, in clinical studies, where mRNA AQP4 expression or serum AQP4 autoantibodies were measured, there were no differences in depressed patients when compared with controls. In the future, studies should further investigate the mechanisms underlying the action of AQP4, and continue exploring if AQP4 autoantibodies are either contributing or underlying mechanisms of depression, or whether they are simply a mechanism underlying other autoimmune conditions where depression is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Genel
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; School of Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
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Microglia as the Critical Regulators of Neuroprotection and Functional Recovery in Cerebral Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2505-2525. [PMID: 34460037 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microglial activation is considered as the critical pathogenic event in diverse central nervous system disorders including cerebral ischemia. Proinflammatory responses of activated microglia have been well reported in the ischemic brain and neuroinflammatory responses of activated microglia have been believed to be the potential therapeutic strategy. However, despite having proinflammatory roles, microglia can have significant anti-inflammatory roles and they are associated with the production of growth factors which are responsible for neuroprotection and recovery after ischemic injury. Microglia can directly promote neuroprotection by preventing ischemic infarct expansion and promoting functional outcomes. Indirectly, microglia are involved in promoting anti-inflammatory responses, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis in the ischemic brain which are crucial pathophysiological events for ischemic recovery. In fact, anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors produced by microglia can promote neuroprotection and attenuate neurobehavioral deficits. In addition, microglia regulate phagocytosis, axonal regeneration, blood-brain barrier protection, white matter integrity, and synaptic remodeling, which are essential for ischemic recovery. Microglia can also regulate crosstalk with neurons and other cell types to promote neuroprotection and ischemic recovery. This review mainly focuses on the roles of microglia in neuroprotection and recovery following ischemic injury. Furthermore, this review also sheds the light on the therapeutic potential of microglia in stroke patients.
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Chen L, Hu J, Mu J, Li C, Wu GY, He C, Xie Y, Ye JN. Specific stimulation of PV + neurons at early stage ameliorates prefrontal ischemia-induced spatial working memory impairment. Behav Brain Res 2021; 414:113511. [PMID: 34358569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prefrontal ischemia can cause impairments in learning and memory, executive functions and cognitive flexibility. However, the related cellular mechanisms at the early stage are still elusive. The present study used ischemic stroke in medial prefrontal cortex and systemically investigated the electrophysiological changes of the parvalbumin (PV+) interneurons 12 h post ischemia. We found that Ih and the related voltage sags in PV+ interneurons are downregulated post ischemia, which correlates with hyperpolarization of the membrane potentials and increased input resistance in these interneurons. Consistent with the suppression of Ih, postischemic PV+ interneurons exhibited a reduction in excitability and exerted a less inhibitory control over the neighboring pyramidal excitatory neurons. Moreover, we found that specifically chemogenetic activation of PV+ neurons at early stage ameliorated prefrontal ischemia-induced spatial working memory dysfunction in T-maze without effects on the locomotor coordination and balance. In contrast, suppression of PV+ neurons by blockade of Ih leaded to further aggravate the damage of spatial memory. These findings indicate that dysfunctional Ih in the PV+ neuron postischemia induces the imbalance of excitation and inhibition, which might represent a novel mechanism underlying the prefrontal ischemia-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jiankun Mu
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400036, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, No.270 Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Guang-Yan Wu
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Youhong Xie
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400036, PR China
| | - Jian-Ning Ye
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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25
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Xue Z, Cao Z, Jin M, Zhang X, Wang X, Dou J, Zhu Y, Ito Y, Guo Z. New steroid saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis yam and their medicinal use against I/R via anti-inflammatory effect. Food Funct 2021; 12:8314-8325. [PMID: 34312628 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01301g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Steroid saponins are the medicinal compounds and nutrition ingredients of medicine food homology (MFH) Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright (D. zingiberensis) yam. Our phytochemical investigation of the edible rhizomes resulted in 9 new furostanol steroid saponins named dioscins A-I (1-9), together with 11 known steroid saponins. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic and chemical analyses. The new dioscins were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects against cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury on RAW264.7 and PC12 cells in vitro, respectively. Dioscins A, B, and G revealed considerable anti-I/R effect through an anti-inflammatory mechanism based on the decreasing concentration of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and down-regulating the NF-κB expression. The present research demonstrated that daily consumption of this yam plant probably prevented the I/R occurrence via the anti-inflammatory property of steroid saponins, and it also enriched the steroid saponin library, providing the possibility to develop MFH-containing steroid saponins into functional foods for maintenance of human health or drugs for the treatment of I/R disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Xue
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhen Cao
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ming Jin
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | | | - Jianwei Dou
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhu
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yoichiro Ito
- Laboratory of Bio-separation Technologies, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zengjun Guo
- Institute of Targeted Drugs, Western China Science and Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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26
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Cannabidiol prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behavior and alters cytokine and neurotrophic factor levels in the brain. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1680-1693. [PMID: 34218397 PMCID: PMC8254454 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of people worldwide. While the exact pathogenesis is yet to be elucidated, the role of neuro-immune signaling has recently emerged. Despite major advances in pharmacotherapy, antidepressant use is marred by limited efficacy and potential side effects. Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid, exerts antidepressant-like effects in experimental animals. This study investigated the impact of CBD on sickness behavior (SB), a measure of depressive-like response, and neuro-immune changes induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in mice. Methods Socially isolated rodents were administered with LPS to trigger SB. and treated with CBD or its vehicle. Animals were submitted to forced swimming test, to evaluate depressive-like behavior, and to open field test, to evaluate locomotory activity. Immediately after behavioral analyses, animals were euthanized and had their hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus dissected, to proceed neurotrophins and cytokines analyses. ELISA was used to detect IL-1β, BDNF and NGF; and cytometric beads array to measure IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 levels. Results CBD effectively prevented SB-induced changes in the forced swim test without altering spontaneous locomotion. This phytocannabinoid also partially reversed LPS-evoked IL-6 increase in both the hypothalamus and hippocampus. In addition, CBD prevented endotoxin-induced increase in BDNF and NGF levels in the hippocampus of SB animals. Conclusions Apparently, CBD prevents both behavioral and neuro-immunological changes associated with LPS-induced SB, which reinforces its potential use as an antidepressant which modulates neuroinflammation. This opens up potentially new therapeutic avenues in MDD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43440-021-00301-8.
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Nkiliza A, Joshi U, Evans JE, Ait-Ghezala G, Parks M, Crawford F, Mullan M, Abdullah L. Adaptive Immune Responses Associated with the Central Nervous System Pathology of Gulf War Illness. Neurosci Insights 2021; 16:26331055211018458. [PMID: 34104887 PMCID: PMC8155779 DOI: 10.1177/26331055211018458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gulf War Illness is a multisymptomatic condition which affects 30% of veterans
from the 1991 Gulf War. While there is evidence for a role of peripheral
cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses in Gulf War Illness, a potential
role of the adaptive immune system in the central nervous system pathology of
this condition remains unknown. Furthermore, many of the clinical features of
Gulf War Illness resembles those of autoimmune diseases, but the biological
processes are likely different as the etiology of Gulf War Illness is linked to
hazardous chemical exposures specific to the Gulf War theatre. This review
discusses Gulf War chemical–induced maladaptive immune responses and a potential
role of cellular and humoral immune responses that may be relevant to the
central nervous system symptoms and pathology of Gulf War Illness. The
discussion may stimulate investigations into adaptive immunity for developing
novel therapies for Gulf War Illness.
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28
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Uchino K, Kawano H, Tanaka Y, Adaniya Y, Asahara A, Deshimaru M, Kubota K, Watanabe T, Katsurabayashi S, Iwasaki K, Hirose S. Inhibitory synaptic transmission is impaired at higher extracellular Ca 2+ concentrations in Scn1a +/- mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10634. [PMID: 34017040 PMCID: PMC8137694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is an intractable form of childhood epilepsy that occurs in infancy. More than 80% of all patients have a heterozygous abnormality in the SCN1A gene, which encodes a subunit of Na+ channels in the brain. However, the detailed pathogenesis of DS remains unclear. This study investigated the synaptic pathogenesis of this disease in terms of excitatory/inhibitory balance using a mouse model of DS. We show that excitatory postsynaptic currents were similar between Scn1a knock-in neurons (Scn1a+/- neurons) and wild-type neurons, but inhibitory postsynaptic currents were significantly lower in Scn1a+/- neurons. Moreover, both the vesicular release probability and the number of inhibitory synapses were significantly lower in Scn1a+/- neurons compared with wild-type neurons. There was no proportional increase in inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude in response to increased extracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Our study revealed that the number of inhibitory synapses is significantly reduced in Scn1a+/- neurons, while the sensitivity of inhibitory synapses to extracellular Ca2+ concentrations is markedly increased. These data suggest that Ca2+ tethering in inhibitory nerve terminals may be disturbed following the synaptic burst, likely leading to epileptic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouya Uchino
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawano
- Research Institute for the Molecular Pathogeneses of Epilepsy, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Tanaka
- Research Institute for the Molecular Pathogeneses of Epilepsy, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuna Adaniya
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ai Asahara
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Masanobu Deshimaru
- Research Institute for the Molecular Pathogeneses of Epilepsy, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shutaro Katsurabayashi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
- Research Institute for the Molecular Pathogeneses of Epilepsy, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hirose
- Research Institute for the Molecular Pathogeneses of Epilepsy, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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29
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von Linstow CU, Hindkjær SM, Nielsen PV, Degn M, Lambertsen KL, Finsen B, Clausen BH. Bone Marrow-Derived IL-1Ra Increases TNF Levels Poststroke. Cells 2021; 10:956. [PMID: 33924148 PMCID: PMC8074385 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are key players in stroke, a disease in which cell-based therapies have shown great potential. Having shown an infarct-reducing effect of bone marrow (BM) cells, especially cells with high IL-1Ra expression, we here investigated the effect of BM cells on TNF and other stroke-related mediators in mice after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) and in vitro using adult microglial cultures. We analyzed stroke-related genes and inflammatory mediators using qPCR stroke Tier panels, electrochemiluminescence, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found a significant correlation and cellular colocalization between microglial-derived TNF and IL-1Ra, though IL-1Ra production was TNF independent. BM treatment significantly increased TNF, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-4 levels, while C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), IL-12p70, and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) decreased, suggesting that BM treatment favors an anti-inflammatory environment. Hierarchical clustering identified Tnf and IL-1rn within the same gene cluster, and subsequent STRING analysis identified TLR2 as a shared receptor. Although IL-1Ra producing BM cells specifically modulated TNF levels, this was TLR2 independent. These results demonstrate BM cells as modulators of poststroke inflammation with beneficial effects on poststroke outcomes and place TNF and IL-1Ra as key players of the defense response after tMCAo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ulrich von Linstow
- Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Sofie Mozart Hindkjær
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Pernille Vinther Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Matilda Degn
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Kate Lykke Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bente Finsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bettina Hjelm Clausen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; (S.M.H.); (P.V.N.); (K.L.L.); (B.F.)
- BRIDGE—Brain Research—Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Chen X, Wang B, Ma W, Yang Y, Zheng R, Huang Z. PKA-RIIβ autophosphorylation modulates PKA activity and seizure phenotypes in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:263. [PMID: 33649504 PMCID: PMC7921646 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common and intractable neurological disorders in adults. Dysfunctional PKA signaling is causally linked to the TLE. However, the mechanism underlying PKA involves in epileptogenesis is still poorly understood. In the present study, we found the autophosphorylation level at serine 114 site (serine 112 site in mice) of PKA-RIIβ subunit was robustly decreased in the epileptic foci obtained from both surgical specimens of TLE patients and seizure model mice. The p-RIIβ level was negatively correlated with the activities of PKA. Notably, by using a P-site mutant that cannot be autophosphorylated and thus results in the released catalytic subunit to exert persistent phosphorylation, an increase in PKA activities through transduction with AAV-RIIβ-S112A in hippocampal DG granule cells decreased mIPSC frequency but not mEPSC, enhanced neuronal intrinsic excitability and seizure susceptibility. In contrast, a reduction of PKA activities by RIIβ knockout led to an increased mIPSC frequency, a reduction in neuronal excitability, and mice less prone to experimental seizure onset. Collectively, our data demonstrated that the autophosphorylation of RIIβ subunit plays a critical role in controlling neuronal and network excitabilities by regulating the activities of PKA, providing a potential therapeutic target for TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weining Ma
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Ruimao Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission, Beijing, China.
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31
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Chen D, Zheng K, Wu H, Zhang X, Ye W, Tan X, Xiong Y. Lin28a attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating Sirt3-induced autophagy. Brain Res Bull 2021; 170:39-48. [PMID: 33548334 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury causes damage to local brain tissue and its function, but its specific pathogenesis is still unclear. Autophagy is an important catabolic pathway in eukaryotic cells, which is mainly used to remove damaged intracellular organelles, misfolded long-acting macromolecules and participate in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Lin28 is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that plays a role in regulating gene translation, which is important for the growth and maintenance of pluripotent cells. Lin28a has been reported to have a clear protective effect on post-ischemic reperfusion injury of the heart. However, whether Lin28a has an effect on nerve injury after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion needs further study. In this study, we found that the expression of Lin28a was decreased in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice model. Upregulation of Lin28a could alleviate the nerve injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion, and promote autophagy of nerve cells. Upregulation of Lin28a reduced nerve cell apoptosis and relieved nerve cell injure induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Lin28a increased the LC3-II levels in nerve cells, suggesting the promotion of autophagy. Mechanism studies indicated that Lin28a promoted autophagy mainly through regulating Sirt3 expression and activating AMPK-mTOR pathway. In conclusion, our study revealed the important role of Lin28a in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and suggested that Lin28a was a protective factor for cerebral ischemia-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hengdian Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 322118,China
| | - Kuang Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Henggang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hengdian Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 322118,China
| | - Xuchun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hengdian Wenrong Hospital, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 322118,China
| | - Wangyang Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Xianxi Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ye Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.
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32
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Miceli V, Bertani A, Chinnici CM, Bulati M, Pampalone M, Amico G, Carcione C, Schmelzer E, Gerlach JC, Conaldi PG. Conditioned Medium from Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Attenuating the Effects of Cold Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in an In Vitro Model Using Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020510. [PMID: 33419219 PMCID: PMC7825633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical results of lung transplantation (LTx) are still less favorable than other solid organ transplants in both the early and long term. The fragility of the lungs limits the procurement rate and can favor the occurrence of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) with Steen SolutionTM (SS) aims to address problems, and the implementation of EVLP to alleviate the activation of IRI-mediated processes has been achieved using mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-based treatments. In this study, we investigated the paracrine effects of human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs) in an in vitro model of lung IRI that includes cold ischemia and normothermic EVLP. We found that SS enriched by a hAMSC-conditioned medium (hAMSC-CM) preserved the viability and delayed the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (A549) through the downregulation of inflammatory factors and the upregulation of antiapoptotic factors. These effects were more evident using the CM of 3D hAMSC cultures, which contained an increased amount of immunosuppressive and growth factors compared to both 2D cultures and encapsulated-hAMSCs. To conclude, we demonstrated an in vitro model of lung IRI and provided evidence that a hAMSC-CM attenuated IRI effects by improving the efficacy of EVLP, leading to strategies for a potential implementation of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-21-92-649
| | - Alessandro Bertani
- Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Unit, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Maria Chinnici
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Fondazione Ri.MED, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.P.); (G.A.); (C.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS–ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Mariangela Pampalone
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Fondazione Ri.MED, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.P.); (G.A.); (C.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS–ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Amico
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Fondazione Ri.MED, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.P.); (G.A.); (C.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS–ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Carcione
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Fondazione Ri.MED, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.M.C.); (M.P.); (G.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Eva Schmelzer
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA; (E.S.); (J.C.G.)
| | - Jörg C. Gerlach
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA; (E.S.); (J.C.G.)
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
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