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Sapkota KP, Shrestha A, Ghimire S, Mistry SK, Yadav KK, Yadav SC, Mehta RK, Quasim R, Tamang MK, Singh DR, Yadav OP, Mehata S, Yadav UN. Neighborhood environment and quality of life of older adults in eastern Nepal: findings from a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:679. [PMID: 39138405 PMCID: PMC11323633 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quality of life (QoL) is a subjective measure reflecting individuals' evaluations based on their personal goals and values. While global research shows the role of neighborhood factors like ethnic diversity and socio-cultural dynamics on QoL, these are unexplored in the Nepali context. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between neighborhood environment and QoL among Nepali older adults in eastern Nepal. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 847 non-institutionalized older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) from two districts in eastern Nepal. QoL was evaluated using the 13-item brief Older People's Quality of Life questionnaire, where a mean score of < 3 indicated low/poor QoL. The neighborhood environment, conceptualized across three domains (demographic, socio-cultural, and built environment), included ethnic diversity, connections with family, friends, and neighbors, cultural ties, residential stability, and rurality. Their association with QoL was examined using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Around 20% of older adults reported poor QoL. Higher ethnic diversity (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 0.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04-0.36), moderate contact with family and relatives (aOR = 0.26, CI: 0.11-0.61), and high contact with neighbors (aOR = 0.09, CI: 0.03-0.21) were associated with lower odds of poor QoL. Conversely, high contact with friends (aOR = 2.29, CI: 1.30-4.04) and unstable residence (OR = 6.25, CI: 2.03-19.23) increased the odds of poor QoL. Additionally, among the covariates, chronic disease, tobacco use, unemployment, and lack of education were also significantly associated with poor QoL. CONCLUSION Overall, the demographic environment, socio-cultural factors, and the built environment of the neighborhood influence QoL. Therefore, diversifying the neighborhood's ethnic composition, promoting social connections such as frequent contact with family, relatives, and neighbors, and ensuring residential stability can enhance the QoL of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Prasad Sapkota
- Department of Sociology & Gerontology and Scripps Gerontology Center, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Aman Shrestha
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Saruna Ghimire
- Department of Sociology & Gerontology and Scripps Gerontology Center, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Sabuj Kanti Mistry
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Rubina Quasim
- Dow Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Man Kumar Tamang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Devendra Raj Singh
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | | | - Suresh Mehata
- Ministry of Health, Koshi Province, Biratnagar, Nepal
| | - Uday Narayan Yadav
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Tsotsoros CE, Pascuzzi E, Brasher M, Souza K, Leedahl SN. Pilot testing the Engaging Generations (eGen) Program to address social well-being among lower-income older adults. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1341713. [PMID: 39185120 PMCID: PMC11341419 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1341713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to address digital inclusion and social well-being for older adults was particularly apparent for those from disadvantaged communities. This pilot program provided access to technology and intergenerational mentorship to older adult participants interested in receiving and learning how to utilize an iPad. Pre/post-changes were examined for social well-being in the areas of quality of life, social isolation, and loneliness. Methods This study conducted pre- and post-surveys with older participants (n = 145) from five disadvantaged communities in the United States utilizing standardized measures. One-on-one interviews were conducted post-program (n = 98) to examine participants' perceptions of the program and evaluate its impact on social measures. Results The study sample included older adults (Mean age = 72.3) who were mostly lower income (82.3%) and self-reported as Black (13.6%), Hispanic (21.7%), and White (56.5%). Significant differences were identified in participant pre/post-survey scores for social isolation, loneliness, and a global measure of quality of life. Qualitative analyses suggest improvements in various aspects of social well-being. Themes showed that participants believed the program contributed to (1) enhanced mood and mental health, (2) improved quality of life, (3) sense of purpose and feelings of being less alone, (4) ability to use video calling to connect with others; and (5) ability to more freely use email, texting, and messaging to communicate with others. Discussion This research demonstrates that this pilot program seemed to contribute to reduced social isolation and loneliness for participants, and participants stated more positive social well-being following program participation. However, future research with larger samples is needed to expand upon these findings. Future studies will examine the pathways between technology improvements and social well-being and examine group differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy E. Tsotsoros
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
- George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Emma Pascuzzi
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Melanie Brasher
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Kristin Souza
- Center for Career and Experiential Education, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Skye N. Leedahl
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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Millett G, Franco G, Fiocco AJ. A mixed methods feasibility study of a virtual group-based social support program for older adults in residential care. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1169-1178. [PMID: 38709573 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2345776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In response to calls for inventive ways to mitigate risks of physical distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic for older adults living in residential care, the JAVA Music Club-Digital (JMC-D) was developed. The current feasibility study investigated benefits, usability, and implementation of weekly JMC-D sessions over 6 months. METHOD Employing a pre-post mixed methods study, depressive symptoms, loneliness, social isolation, and quality of life were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Qualitative interviews were conducted at 3 months. RESULTS Twenty-one residents were recruited. Across the three time points there was a large effect for depressive symptoms, social isolation, and quality of life, though not statistically significant. There was a significant immediate increase in happiness following engagement in the JMC-D sessions. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews generated two overarching themes: Experiencing the JMC-D (subthemes: Benefits, Navigating the virtual platform, Feedback) and Considerations for Implementation (subthemes: Perceived purpose, Characteristics that impact the experience, and Infrastructure and resources). CONCLUSION Findings are encouraging and suggest that the JMC-D may support emotional and other psychosocial indices of wellness in residential care during times of physical distancing. Appropriate staffing, resources, and internet accessibility are important for implementation and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneva Millett
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giselle Franco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Xu H, Li H, Fan P, Rong C. Factors associated with the quality of life of Chinese parents who have lost their only child. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17296. [PMID: 39068264 PMCID: PMC11283555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study used the three-level EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) to assess the quality of life (QOL) of Chinese Shidu parents (who have lost their only child) and conducted an in-depth investigation into the factors affecting their QOL using non-parametric tests and the Tobit regression model. A total of 651 Shidu parents were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire included a general information survey, the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the three-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L). The results revealed that approximately 60% of Shidu parents reported no problems in all five dimensions. Pain and discomfort were the most frequently reported problems among Shidu parents, affecting 23.35% of participants. The Tobit regression model revealed that GDS-15 scores, marital status, education, and self-reported health status were significantly associated with EQ-5D scores. Additionally, SSRS scores, GDS-15 scores, and self-reported health status were significantly associated with EQ-VAS scores. Based on the study's findings, relevant recommendations were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xu
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Rd. 548, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hongying Li
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Rd. 548, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Penghao Fan
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Rd. 548, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chao Rong
- School of Humanities and Management, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Rd. 548, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Mayo NE, Auais M, Barclay R, Branin J, Dawes H, Korfage IJ, Sawchuk K, Tal E, White CL, Ayoubi Z, Ekediegwu E, Mate K, Nadeau L, Rodriguez Duque S, Kuspinar A. Measuring what matters to older persons for active living: part II cross-sectional validity evidence for OPAL measure across four countries. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03720-1. [PMID: 39012558 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Through interviews with 148 older persons from four countries and in four languages, the content for a 17-item measure of active living was developed. The purpose of this paper is to present further evidence of the extent to which this new measure, Older Persons Active Living (OPAL), is "fit-for-purpose" for measuring the extent of active living at one point in time. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on a population aged 65 + and living independently, drawn from a participant panel, HostedinCanada, sampling people from Canada, United States, United Kingdom, and Netherlands. The survey instrument comprised the OPAL questionnaire rated on importance and frequency, sociodemographics, and information on physical and mental function. The argument-based approach to validity framed the analyses. Logistic regression, structural equation modeling, ordinary least-squares regression, and correlation were used to generate estimates for parameters underpinning validity evidence. RESULTS A total of 1612 people completed the survey, 100 to 400 people across the 6 country-language strata. The proportion of people rating the items as extremely or quite important ranged from 60 to 90%, with no important differences between men and women and few differences between strata. A single-factor structure was supported. The ordinality of the response options justified an additive total score yielding a near normal distribution (mean: 33.1; SD: 11.5; range 0-51). Correlations with other measures of converging constructs were of moderate strength (~ 0.50), and differences across groups known to affect functioning and health were observed, suggesting a Miminal Important Difference (MID) of 6 out of 51. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide evidence that the 17-item OPAL measure is fit for the purpose of estimating the extent to which older persons are living actively at one point in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Mayo
- Department of Medicine School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology, Geriatrics, Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, Canada.
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), MUHC-Research Institute, 5252 de Maisonneuve, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Auais
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth Barclay
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, R106-771 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rehabilitation Hospital, RR323A, 800 Sherbrook St, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Joan Branin
- Center for Health and Aging, Pasadena, CA, 91106, USA
| | - Helen Dawes
- Department of Public Health & Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Medical School Building, College of Medicine and Health, St Lukes Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX12LU, UK
| | - Ida J Korfage
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eran Tal
- Department of Philosophy, McGill University, Leacock Building, Room 933, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carole L White
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Zain Ayoubi
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ezinne Ekediegwu
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kedar Mate
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lyne Nadeau
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
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Mayo NE, Auais M, Barclay R, Branin J, Dawes H, Korfage IJ, Sawchuk K, Tal E, White CL, Ayoubi Z, Chowdhury F, Henderson J, Mansoubi M, Mate KKV, Nadea L, Rodriguez S, Kuspinar A. Measuring what matters to older persons for active living: part I content development for the OPAL measure across four countries. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03714-z. [PMID: 38967870 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Many older persons do not think of themselves as "patients" but as persons wishing to live as actively as possible for as long as possible. However, most health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures were developed for use with clinical populations. The aim of this project was to fill that gap and to develop, for international use, a measure of what matters to older persons as they age and seek to remain as active as possible, Older Persons for Active Living (OPAL). METHODS For content development, interviews about active living were conducted with older persons from Canada, USA, UK, and the Netherlands in English, French, Spanish and Dutch, respectively with subsequent thematic analysis and harmonization. RESULTS Analyses of transcripts from 148 older persons revealed that active living was a "way of being" and not merely doing activities. Saturation was reached and a total of 59 content areas were identified. After grouping similar "ways" together and after conducting a consensus rating of importance, 19 unique and important "ways" remained. In some languages, formulating was challenging for three of the 19, resulting in changes to two English words and dropping two other words, yielding a final list of 17 "ways of being" with harmonized wording in 4 languages. CONCLUSION This study underscores the significance of listening to older adults and highlights the importance of considering linguistic and cultural nuances in measure development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Mayo
- Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology, Geriatrics, Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), McGill University Health Center (MUHC), MUHC-Research Institute, McGill University, 5252 de Maisonneuve, Montreal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Auais
- The Rehabilitation and Health Leadership Program, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth Barclay
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, R106-771 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0T6, Canada
- RR323A, Rehabilitation Hospital, 800 Sherbrook St, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Joan Branin
- Center for Health and Aging, Pasadena, CA, 91106, USA
| | - Helen Dawes
- Department of Public Health & Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, University of Exeter Medical School, Medical School Building, St Lukes Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX12LU, England
| | - Ida J Korfage
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Sawchuk
- Communication Studies, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eran Tal
- Department of Philosophy, McGill University, Leacock Building, Room 933, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carole L White
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Zain Ayoubi
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fariha Chowdhury
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Julia Henderson
- Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Mae Mansoubi
- Digital Health Innovation and Public Health, Co-Module Lead Rehabilitation Science CSC3021, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Kedar K V Mate
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lyne Nadea
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sebastian Rodriguez
- Department of Philosophy, McGill University, Leacock Building, Room 933, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
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Ringsten M, Ivanic B, Iwarsson S, Lexell EM. Interventions to improve outdoor mobility among people living with disabilities: A systematic review. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1407. [PMID: 38882933 PMCID: PMC11177337 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Around 15% of the global population live with some form of disabilities and experience worse health outcomes, less participation in the community and are part of fewer activities outside the home. Outdoor mobility interventions aim to improve the ability to move, travel and orient outside the home and could influence the number of activities outside the home, participation and quality of life. However, outdoor mobility interventions may also lead to harm like falls or injuries or have unforeseen effects which could lead to mortality or hospitalization. Objectives To assess the efficacy of interventions aiming to improve outdoor mobility for adults living with disabilities and to explore if the efficacy varies between different conditions and different intervention components. Search Methods Standard, extensive Campbell search methods were used, including a total of 12 databases searched during January 2023, including trial registries. Selection Criteria Only randomized controlled trials were included, focusing on people living with disabilities, comparing interventions to improve outdoor mobility to control interventions as well as comparing different types of interventions to improve outdoor mobility. Data Collection and Analysis Standard methodological procedures expected by Campbell were used. The following important outcomes were 1. Activity outside the home; 2. Engagement in everyday life activities; 3. Participation; 4. Health-related Quality of Life; 5. Major harms; 6. Minor harms. The impact of the interventions was evaluated in the shorter (≤6 months) and longer term (≥7 months) after starting the intervention. Results are presented using risk ratios (RR), risk difference (RD), and standardized mean differences (SMD), with the associated confidence intervals (CI). The risk of bias 2-tool and the GRADE-framework were used to assess the certainty of the evidence. Main Results The screening comprised of 12.894 studies and included 22 studies involving 2.675 people living with disabilities and identified 12 ongoing studies. All reported outcomes except one (reported in one study, some concerns of bias) had overall high risk of bias. Thirteen studies were conducted in participants with disabilities due to stroke, five studies with older adults living with disabilities, two studies with wheelchair users, one study in participants with disabilities after a hip fracture, and one study in participants with cognitive impairments. Skill training interventions versus control interventions (16 studies) The evidence is very uncertain about the benefits and harms of skill training interventions versus control interventions not aimed to improve outdoor mobility among all people living with disabilities both in the shorter term (≤6 months) and longer term (≥7 months) for Activity outside the home; Participation; Health-related Quality of Life; Major harms; and Minor harms, based on very low certainty evidence. Skill training interventions may improve engagement in everyday life activities among people with disabilities in the shorter term (RR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.84; I 2 = 7%; RD: 0.15; 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.32; I 2 = 71%; 692 participants; three studies; low certainty evidence), but the evidence is very uncertain in the longer term, based on very low certainty evidence. Subgroup analysis of skill training interventions among people living with disabilities due to cognitive impairments suggests that such interventions may improve activity outside the home in the shorter term (SMD: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.81; I 2 = NA; 118 participants; one study; low certainty evidence). Subgroup analysis of skill training interventions among people living with cognitive impairments suggests that such interventions may improve health-related quality of life in the shorter term (SMD: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.88; I 2 = NA; 118 participants; one study; low certainty evidence). Physical training interventions versus control interventions (five studies) The evidence is very uncertain about the benefits and harms of physical training interventions versus control interventions not aimed to improve outdoor mobility in the shorter term (≤6 months) and longer term (≥7 months) for: Engagement in everyday life activities; Participation; Health-related Quality of Life; Major harms; and Minor harms, based on very low certainty evidence. Physical training interventions may improve activity outside the home in the shorter (SMD: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.61; I 2 = NA; 228 participants; one study; low certainty evidence) and longer term (≥7 months) (SMD: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.54; I 2 = NA; 216 participants; one study; low certainty evidence). Comparison of different outdoor mobility interventions (one study) The evidence is very uncertain about the benefits and harms of outdoor mobility interventions of different lengths in the shorter term (≤6 months) and longer term (≥7 months) for Activity outside the home; Engagement in everyday life activities; Participation; Health-related Quality of Life; Major harms; and Minor harms, based on very low certainty evidence. No studies explored the efficacy of other types of interventions. Authors’ Conclusions Twenty-two studies of interventions to improve outdoor mobility for people living with disabilities were identified, but the evidence still remains uncertain about most benefits and harms of these interventions, both in the short- and long term. This is primarily related to risk of bias, small underpowered studies and limited reporting of important outcomes for people living with disabilities. For people with disabilities, skill training interventions may improve engagement in everyday life in the short term, and improve activity outside the home and health-related quality of life for people with cognitive impairments in the short term. Still, this is based on low certainty evidence from few studies and should be interpreted with caution. One study with low certainty evidence suggests that physical training interventions may improve activity outside the home in the short term. In addition, the effect sizes across all outcomes were considered small or trivial, and could be of limited relevance to people living with disabilities. The evidence is currently uncertain if there are interventions that can improve outdoor mobility for people with disabilities, and can improve other important outcomes, while avoiding harms. To guide decisions about the use of interventions to improve outdoor mobility, future studies should use more rigorous design and report important outcomes for people with disabilities to reduce the current uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ringsten
- Cochrane Sweden, Research and Development Skåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
| | | | | | - Eva Månsson Lexell
- Department of Health Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Cognitive Medicine and Geriatrics Skåne University Hospital Lund-Malmö Sweden
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Lee RZY, Yang WFZ, Mahendran R, Suárez L. Psychometric properties of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-AGE Scale in Singapore. Eur J Ageing 2024; 21:10. [PMID: 38506975 PMCID: PMC10954592 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-024-00803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
WHOQOL-AGE is a promising quality of life (QOL) tool that has not been fully validated in Asia. The present study aimed to verify its factor structure and psychometric properties among community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. This study was cross-sectional and used data (N = 593) from the Community Health and Intergenerational study that interviewed older adults between 2018 and 2021. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure of the WHOQOL-AGE, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were employed to examine internal consistency. Spearman's rho correlations coefficients between WHOQOL-AGE and other related scales (Satisfaction with Life and the Friendship) examined convergent validity. A Pearson's correlation coefficient between WHOQOL-AGE and compassion scale examined discriminant validity. An independent t test was used to demonstrate known-groups validity, examining differences in QOL scores between individuals with and without chronic medical conditions. Findings supported a bifactor model with more satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices than the original two-factor model and the two-correlated factor model. WHOQOL-AGE showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficients > .70). Good convergent validity was demonstrated by moderate-to-large correlations between WHOQOL-AGE and satisfaction with life (rs = .54) as well as social connectedness (rs = .33). Discriminant validity was shown by low correlations between WHOQOL-AGE and compassion (r = .19). Findings also indicated good known-groups validity (p < 0.01). The WHOQOL-AGE showed promising psychometric properties using an Asian convenience sample and can be useful in large-scale studies or busy clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Zhi Yi Lee
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore, 387380, Singapore
- Clarity Singapore Limited, Block 854 Yishun Road #01-3511, Singapore, 760854, Singapore
| | - Winson Fu Zun Yang
- Department of Psychological Science, Texas Tech University, 2700 18th St, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Meditation Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rathi Mahendran
- Yeo Boon Khim, Mind Science Centre, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
- Mind Care Clinic @ SBF, 160 Robinson Road, #05-07 SBF Center, Singapore, 068914, Singapore
| | - Lidia Suárez
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore, 387380, Singapore.
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Bužgová R, Kozáková R, Bobčíková K. Predictors of attitudes towards aging in elderly living in community care. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:266. [PMID: 38500061 PMCID: PMC10949648 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the aging of the population, the promotion of healthy aging is an important part of public health. Healthy aging of the population can be influenced by the attitudes of the elderly themselves towards old age and aging. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to find out the attitudes of older people living in a community environment toward old age and the predictors that influence these attitudes. METHODS The evaluation of attitudes towards old age using the WHO AAQ (Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire) questionnaire involved 1,174 elderly people living in the community. Age, sex, marital status, education, subjective health assessment, social support, depression (GDS-15), anxiety (GAI), sense of coherence (SOC-13) and self-esteem (RSES) were used to evaluate related factors. RESULTS As part of the exploratory factor analysis, a three-factor model (Psychosocial Loss, Physical Change, and Psychological Growth) was confirmed. The Cronbach alpha was found to be acceptable (α = 0.835). The predictors of better AAQ in the Psychological Loss domain were: subjective health, age, quality of life, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, anxiety, and social support; in the Physical Change domain: subjective health, quality of life, self-esteem, life satisfaction, cohabitation, and depression; and in the Psychological Growth domain: age, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, and social support. CONCLUSION Preventive and policy measures should aim to increase the satisfaction and self-assessment of the elderly, which can help them evaluate the period of old age more positively. It is also important to create a positive perspective of ageing and elderly in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Bužgová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Kozáková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Katka Bobčíková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Briere J, Wang SH, Khanam UA, Lawson J, Goodridge D. Quality of life and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with loneliness and social isolation in a cross-sectional, online survey of 2,207 community-dwelling older Canadians. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:615. [PMID: 37777717 PMCID: PMC10542692 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The far-reaching health and social sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults have the potential to negatively impact both quality of life (QoL) and well-being, in part because of increased risks of loneliness and social isolation. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of QoL and well-being among Canadian older adults within the context of the pandemic, including loneliness and social isolation. METHODS This cross-sectional, online survey recruited older adult participants through community organizations and research participant panels. Measures included the: Older People's Quality of Life Scale-B, WHO-5, DeJong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale and five COVID-19 specific items assessing impact on loneliness and social isolation. Multiple linear regression models were used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2,207 older Canadians (55.7% female, with a mean age of 69.4 years) responded to the survey. Over one-third strongly disagreed that the pandemic had had a significant effect on either their mental (35.0%) or physical health (37.6%). Different patterns of predictors were apparent for QoL and well-being. After adjusting for all variables in the models, the ability of income to meet needs emerged as the strongest predictor of higher QoL, but was not associated with well-being, except for those who chose not to disclose their income adequacy. Age was not associated with either QoL or well-being. Females were more likely to experience lower well-being (β=-2.0, 95% C.I. =-4.0,-0.03), but not QoL. Reporting three or more chronic health conditions and that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on mental health was associated with lower QoL and well-being. Loneliness was a predictor of reduced QoL (β=-1.4, 95% C.I. =--1.6, -1.2) and poor well-being (β=-3.7, 95% C.I. =-4.3,-3.0). A weak association was noted between QoL and social isolation. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with differential effects among older adults. In particular, those with limited financial resources and those with multiple chronic conditions may be at more risk to suffer adverse QoL and well-being consequences. Loneliness may be a modifiable risk factor for decreased QoL and well-being amenable to targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Briere
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sophia Haotong Wang
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ulfat Ara Khanam
- Health Sciences Program, College of Medicine, Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Josh Lawson
- Department of Medicine and Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Donna Goodridge
- College of Medicine, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Kuven BM, Drageset J, Haugan G. Quality of life and nurse-patient interaction among NH residents: Loneliness is detrimental, while nurse-patient interaction is fundamental. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:6384-6393. [PMID: 36751030 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between perceived nurse-patient interaction and quality-of-life among nursing home residents, adjusted for loneliness, anxiety and depression. BACKGROUND Symptoms of anxiety and depression are known to residents of nursing homes along with cognitive impairment, physical inactivity and low quality-of-life. Anxiety, depression and loneliness are found detrimental to NH residents' quality-of-life. The nurse-patient relationship is important for patient's well-being, both in terms of illness and symptom management. DESIGN Cross-sectional design. METHODS Data were collected in 2017 and 2018 from 188 residents in 27 nursing homes resided in two large urban municipalities in Middle and Western Norway. The inclusion criteria were: (1) local authority's decision of long-term NH care; (2) residential stay 3 months or longer; (3) informed consent competency recognised by responsible doctor and nurse; (4) capable of being interviewed, and (5) aged 65 years or older. This article is executed in accordance with STROBE statement. RESULTS Adjusting for age, sex, anxiety, depression and loneliness, perceived nurse-patient interaction was statistically significant to quality-of-life. While anxiety and depression showed insignificant estimates, loneliness demonstrated a significant relation with quality-of-life. Nurse-patient interaction and loneliness explained together 25% of the variation in quality-of-life. CONCLUSION This study suggests that loneliness is frequent as well as more detrimental to quality-of-life among nursing home residents compared to anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the present results show that the nurse-patient interaction represents an essential health-promoting resource for Quality-of-life in this population. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Staff nurses need to exercise their awareness of loneliness to meet residents' needs. Nursing educations should provide knowledge about nurse-patient interaction, and students as well as staff nurses in NHs should be trained, for instance by simulation, to use the nurse-patient interaction as a health-promoting resource. Finally, loneliness represents a bigger challenge than depression and anxiety; accordingly, building nurses that are capable of meeting patients' needs and facilitate care that counteracts loneliness is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorunn Drageset
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gørill Haugan
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim and Nord University, Levanger, Norway
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Tan CKK, Lou VWQ, Cheng CYM, He PC, Mor YY. Technology Acceptance of a Social Robot (LOVOT) Among Single Older Adults in Hong Kong and Singapore: Protocol for a Multimethod Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e48618. [PMID: 37590084 PMCID: PMC10472167 DOI: 10.2196/48618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the rapidly aging nature of our global population, policy makers around the world are now emphatically promoting active aging. To address the psychosocial needs of older persons and support active aging, researchers are exploring the use of assistive technologies, specifically social robots as companions. However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy of social robots in promoting active aging for older people in the Hong Kong and Singapore contexts. OBJECTIVE This study presents the protocol of a study that investigates the acceptance and quality of interaction between a Japanese social robot, LOVOT, and single older adults in Hong Kong and Singapore. METHODS We used a baseline assessment to measure the primary outcome, participants' acceptance of technology, and a sense of loneliness, namely, the participants' differences in responses to LOVOT before and following their interaction with the social robot in this multimethod study design. The baseline assessment consisted of the Qualtrics survey, which measures senior technology acceptance, loneliness, older people's quality of life, subjective happiness, cultural values, willingness to pay, and demographic characteristics, along with the LOVOT's sociability and system usability. In the study, participants interacted with LOVOT in 3 sessions before being surveyed to measure the older people's acceptance and attitudes toward LOVOT. A pre-social robot intervention also occurred in the first session. The study was conducted in both Hong Kong and Singapore. A total of 15 single older adults (ie, individuals who live alone) from Hong Kong and another 15 from Singapore were recruited. Participants were 60-75 years of age, lived by themselves, and had no known cognitive or mental issues. RESULTS The study began recruiting in March 2022, and recruitment was completed at the end of October 2022. Data collection and data set construction were completed at the end of January 2023. Analysis of the data is currently being conducted, and we plan to publish the results by mid-2023. CONCLUSIONS At an individual level, the study will clarify if LOVOT influences single older adults' psychosocial well-being by reducing their loneliness. At a community level, the study's findings will illustrate whether LOVOT can provide increased social connectedness while decreasing individual loneliness. Last, this study's conclusions can inform policy makers to provide social robots to older people to improve their quality of life. Findings can also inform gerontechnology developers on which aspects and cultural considerations to take into account for future inventions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/48618.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian W Q Lou
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Clio Yuen Man Cheng
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lu T, Liang D, Hong M. Time Matters: Time Perspectives Predict Intertemporal Prosocial Preferences. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:590. [PMID: 37504037 PMCID: PMC10376203 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study utilizes the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI-C) and a novelty intertemporal prosocial discounting paradigm to explore the preferences of individuals with the Present Impulsive Time Perspective (PITP) and the Future Time Perspective (FTP) in intertemporal prosocial choices, and uncovers the cognitive mechanisms underpinning intertemporal altruism from the personality traits. The findings revealed: (1) The donation behaviors of both groups decreased as time delay rose, aligning with the hyperbolic model. (2) PITP individuals had significantly higher discount rates than those with FTP, and the scores of FTP individuals on the "Future" dimension of the ZTPI-C were positively correlated with the amount of money they were willing to forgo. These results suggest that time perspective, as a stable personality trait, can predict individuals' intertemporal prosocial preferences. Our research enriches the theory of intertemporal choices and extends the Perceived-time-based model (PTBM) to the domain of intertemporal social preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Lu
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mei Hong
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
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Alb'ool B, Abu Khait A. The presence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and their association with quality of life among patients with dementia. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2023; 28:307-325. [PMID: 37665567 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2255342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common manifestations of dementia. The presence and severity of these symptoms differ depending on different personal and contextual factors. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the presence and predictors of neuropsychiatric symptoms and the association between the severity of these symptoms and the quality of life in a sample of patients with dementia in Jordan. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 112 patients with dementia residing in Jordanian nursing homes were recruited using the consecutive sampling method. RESULTS The mean severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms was 9.58. The most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms among patients were depression (61.6%), followed by irritability (55.4%), and a feeling of euphoria (54.5%). The regression analysis results indicated that gender, marital status, and dementia severity significantly predicted the neuropsychiatric symptoms severity score and explained 17.70% of the variance. A significant negative correlation between the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life was found. CONCLUSION The study's results indicate that our sample reported mild neuropsychiatric symptoms. These symptoms' high prevalence and persistence negatively impact patients' quality of life. The study's results can help mental health nurses determine the factors impacting effective treatment strategies to combat these symptoms. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to help explain the importance of early diagnosis and management of these symptoms in preventing dementia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banan Alb'ool
- Department of Health Care, Vocational Training Corporation, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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15
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Bužgová R, Bobčíková K, Kozáková R, Zeleníková R. The Czech version of the life satisfaction index for the third age-short form (LSITA-SF12): Psychometric properties. Int J Older People Nurs 2023:e12541. [PMID: 37092730 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of life satisfaction of older people using standardised tools can play a crucial role in evaluating the effectiveness of policy measures aimed at mitigating the effects of population aging. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to verify the psychometric properties of the Czech version of a 12-item scale (the Life Satisfaction Index for the Third Age) for older people living in the community. METHODS The research involved 1113 older people from the Moravian-Silesian Region over 60 years of age living in a home environment. For the newly created Czech version of LSITA-SF12, we tested validity (construct validity and convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency). RESULTS We confirmed a single-factor model for the LSITA-SF12 scale (χ2 = 71.33, p < .001, CFI = 0.995, TLI = 0.994, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.056, GFI = 0.999) by confirmatory factor analysis and load factor analysis (values of explorations ≥0.45). The internal consistency of the scale was satisfactory (α = 0.878). Furthermore, there was a medium correlation rate (r = 0.592; p < .001) between the overall score of the LSITA-SF and quality-of-life score (OPQoL-Brief). CONCLUSIONS We found the Czech version of the LSITA-SF12 questionnaire to have satisfactory psychometric properties. The questionnaire is suitable for use in research and clinical practice to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov. PRS Protocol Registration and Results System; NCT05637177. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE The LSITA_SF12 questionnaire can beadministered by a community gerontological nurse and can be used in clinicalpractice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Bužgová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Katka Bobčíková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Kozáková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Renáta Zeleníková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Farina FR, Pavithra P, An H, Marquez M, O'Loughlin P, Regan J, Taddeo M, Bennett M, Lenaert B, Griffith JW. Validation of the Fear and Avoidance of Memory Loss scale in community-based older adults. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12432. [PMID: 37101711 PMCID: PMC10123382 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are among the most feared conditions. However, research around ADRD-specific fear and avoidance behaviors is lacking. Here, we validated a novel measure of fear and avoidance specific to memory loss, the Fear and Avoidance of Memory Loss (FAM) scale, and examined associations between fear avoidance and psychosocial functioning in older adults. Methods We assessed FAM Scale internal reliability and concurrent validity, and candidate subscales across two samples (total N = 813). We then examined associations between fear avoidance and memory performance, anxiety, depressive symptoms, sleep, social functioning, and quality of life. Results We identified two subscales: fear and avoidance, which yielded strong psychometric validity. Higher fear was associated with memory failures and sleep disturbance. Higher avoidance was associated with memory failures, poorer verbal memory, reduced social functioning, and quality of life. Discussion We present the first measure of fear avoidance specific to memory loss. We propose that targeting fear avoidance can promote ADRD risk reduction and resiliency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca R. Farina
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Global Brain Health InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- School of PsychologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | | | - Hosanna An
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Melissa Marquez
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - John Regan
- School of PsychologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Michelle Taddeo
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Marc Bennett
- School of PsychologyUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Bert Lenaert
- Faculty of PsychologyOpen UniversityHeerlenthe Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Limburg Brain Injury CentreMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - James W. Griffith
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Perogil-Barragán N, Gomez-Paniagua S, Rojo-Ramos J, González-Becerra MJ, Barrios-Fernández S, Gianikellis K, Castillo-Paredes A, Carvajal-Gil J, Muñoz-Bermejo L. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the OPQOL-Brief. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2062. [PMID: 36767428 PMCID: PMC9916096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing and its consequences on quality of life is one of the main issues to be addressed by public organizations; therefore the development of tools for its evaluation is a priority issue to orientate lines of action. Therefore, the objective of this research is to carry out cross-cultural adaptation and present the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief (OPQOL-Brief). METHODS a cross-cultural adaptation was carried out together with a process of translation and back-translation of the scale. The OPQOL-Brief and a sociodemographic questionnaire were administered to 120 older adults aged over 65 from a healthcare setting in the region of Extremadura. RESULTS the exploratory analysis revealed a factor structure through a matrix of polychoric correlations divided in two intercorrelated factors, consisting of 12 items and with excellent sample adequacy indices (KMO = 0.846'; Bartlett test = 1268.1; p = 0.000). Then, the confirmatory factor analysis established the definitive model with exceptional goodness-of-fit indices (NNFI = 0.99; CFI = 0.99; CMIN/DF = 0.96; Ρ (χ2) = 0.22; RMSEA = 0.037 and RMSR = 0.040). Finally, Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega for internal consistency reported good values of 0.830 and 0.851, respectively. CONCLUSION our findings show that the OPQOL-Brief exhibits a solution with 12 elements and related constructs, providing stable goodness-of-fit indicators as well as good and remarkable consistency ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Sabina Barrios-Fernández
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH) Research Group, University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, 06800 Mérida, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile
| | - Julián Carvajal-Gil
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH) Research Group, University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, 06800 Mérida, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH) Research Group, University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, 06800 Mérida, Spain
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Tripathi A, Samanta T. "I Don't Want to Have the Time When I Do Nothing": Aging and Reconfigured Leisure Practices During the Pandemic. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2023; 48:1-22. [PMID: 36684851 PMCID: PMC9838528 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-023-09519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we contend that urban middle-class older Indians engaged in "serious leisure" as a way to reimagine and reconfigure the structure of everyday life during the pandemic-led epochal downtime. In particular, we heuristically show that leisure activity patterns and constraint negotiation strategies among older Indians followed conceptual semblances with the dominant leisure-based typology of Serious Leisure Perspective. By thematically analysing household surveys (n = 71), time-use diaries and in-depth interviews (n = 15) of middle to upper middle-class individuals (55-80 years), we show how both men and women distinguished between serious leisure that is marked by motivation, agency and perseverance with that of unstructured, routinized free-time (or causal leisure). Time-use diaries suggested that despite the changed realities of heightened domestic time available to both genders due to the pandemic, women recorded higher proportion of their daily hours in household management and caregiving. Although women were governed by moral-cultural self-descriptions in their engagement with leisure, it was often associated with an enhanced sense of self-actualisation, self-management and identity. Overall, we show how the social codes of age and gender were inextricably linked with the practice of leisure during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Tripathi
- Humanities and Social Science Department, IIT Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Plummer J, Nguyen K, Everly J, Kiesow A, Leith K, Neils-Strunjas J. How an Intergenerational Book Club Can Prevent Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214221150061. [PMID: 36698383 PMCID: PMC9869223 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221150061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are at higher risk for social isolation because of widowhood, loss of friends, retirement, physical limitations, geographic relocation, and caregiving demands. Behavioral interventions aimed at increasing social contact may help to maintain cognition and prevent cognitive decline. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine a novel intervention for social isolation with an intergenerational book club that had weekly in-person and virtual meetings of college students and older adults. We wanted to know whether the study was feasible and if our methods would be likely to generate meaningful results should it be expanded to a larger number of participants. We predicted that wellbeing and cognition would improve following participation in the book club. Results found that while measures of quality of life and affect were not statistically different before and after participation in a book club, scores on a measure of cognition (the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) were statistically significant between groups (intervention and control) showing greater improvement among book club participants.
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Phanasathit M, Nimnuan C, Lohsoonthorn V. The Effects of Cognitive Training in Healthy Community Residing Thai Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3709-3720. [PMID: 36573088 PMCID: PMC9789711 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s383526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cognitive training intervention (CTI) is defined as any mechanism of action of a non-pharmacological procedure provided to improve cognitive function. CTI in healthy elderly has the potential to improve cognitive function; however, the effects of interactive computerized-CTI in old ages have been inconclusive. The present study aimed to determine the effects of low-technology CTI in community-based populations. Patients and Methods The study was a 2-arm parallel single-blinded randomized controlled intervention trial. The main outcome measured global cognitive function utilizing the Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE); the minor outcomes were cognitive subdomains and psychosocial outcomes (ie, quality of life and depression). The primary endpoint assessed the treatment effect at the 12th week (T1), while the secondary endpoint evaluated the carry-over effect at the 24th week (T2). Results Eighty-six eligible participants were recruited from a senior society on the edge of Bangkok. At baseline (T0), the mean age and TMSE score among CTI (n = 44) and wait-list (n = 42) groups were similar (age; 66.66 ± 5.52 and 67.52 ± 6.46; TMSE; 28.84 ± 1.38 and 28.83 ± 1.12, respectively). For the CTI group, the mean number of cognitive training sessions was 14.82 ± 7.62. By using intention-to-treat analysis at the primary endpoint, the mean difference score of TMSE in the CTI group was significantly higher than the wait-list group (∆TMSEbetween group at T1-T0 = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.07 to 1.08), while the effect size was 0.48. At the secondary endpoint, there was no significant difference observed between the CTI and wait-list groups (∆TMSEbetween group at T2-T0 = 0.33; 95% CI = -0.23 to 0.88), while the effect size was 0.25. The cognitive subdomains and psychosocial outcomes were discovered with no significant difference. Conclusion CTI showed significant treatment effect for improvement in global cognitive function in healthy Thai elderly but did not demonstrate carry-over effect. This study provided preliminary evidence of the feasibility of implementing low-technology CTI in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Phanasathit
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Department of Psychiatry, Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chaichana Nimnuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vitool Lohsoonthorn
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Correspondence: Vitool Lohsoonthorn, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Ratchadamri Road, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand, Tel +66 2252 7864; +66 2256 4000 Ext. 3701, Email
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21
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Ringsten M, Iwarsson S, Lexell EM. PROTOCOL: Interventions to improve outdoor mobility among adults with disability. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1280. [PMID: 36908835 PMCID: PMC9538711 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: to assess the efficacy of interventions aiming to improve outdoor mobility for people with disability and to explore if the efficacy varies between different populations and different intervention components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ringsten
- Cochrane Sweden, Research and Development Skåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
| | | | - Eva Månsson Lexell
- Department of Health Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Cognitive Medicine and Geriatrics Skåne University Hospital Lund-Malmö Sweden
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22
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Lee K, Jang SW, Cassidy J, Wright S. Developing a Community-Based, Intergenerational Intervention to Alleviate Transportation Barriers: Healthy Buddy Program for Latinx Older Adults. JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2022.2150740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Lee
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, 211 S. Cooper St, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Si Won Jang
- Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, 3808 USF Alumni Dr, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Jessica Cassidy
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, 211 S. Cooper St, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Savana Wright
- Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, 3808 USF Alumni Dr, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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23
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Wang W, Si H, Yu R, Qiao X, Jin Y, Ji L, Liu Q, Bian Y, Yu J, Wang C. Effects of reversible cognitive frailty on disability, quality of life, depression, and hospitalization: a prospective cohort study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2031-2038. [PMID: 34889147 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2011835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive frailty, a potentially reversible condition describing the concurrence of physical frailty and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), has been recently proposed to incorporate subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a reversible pre-MCI state with more readily available cognitive reserve, as well as pre-physical frailty. Reversible cognitive frailty has been associated with dementia and mortality. We aimed to examine the association of reversible cognitive frailty with other adverse outcomes including disability, poor quality of life (QOL), depression, and hospitalization. METHODS This was a cohort study with 1-year follow-up among 735 Chinese community-dwelling older adults with intact cognition. Reversible cognitive frailty was operationalized with the presence of pre-physical or physical frailty identified by the Frailty Phenotype and SCD identified by the simplified SCD questionnaire including four self-report cognitive domains of memory, naming, orientation, and mathematical reasoning. Adverse outcomes included incident Activities of Daily Living (ADL)-Instrumental ADL (IADL) disability, poor physical, mental and overall QOL, depression, and hospitalization over 1-year follow-up. RESULTS The prevalence of reversible cognitive frailty was 27.8%. Participants with reversible cognitive frailty had higher risk of the incidence of ADL-IADL disability, poor physical QOL, poor mental QOL, poor overall QOL, and depression (Odds Ratios: 1.67-4.38, P < 0.05), but not higher risk of hospitalization over 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Reversible cognitive frailty was not uncommon and associated with incident disability, poor QOL, and depression among community-dwelling older adults. Early identification of reversible cognitive frailty can facilitate targeted interventions and may promote independence in older adults. UNLABELLED Supplemental data for this article is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2021.2011835.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaxin Si
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruby Yu
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoxia Qiao
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Jin
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Ji
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinqin Liu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Bian
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuili Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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24
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Bužgová R, Kozáková R, Zeleníková R, Bobčíková K. Psychometric properties of the Czech version of the brief Older People Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQoL-brief). BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:512. [PMID: 35733101 PMCID: PMC9219227 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the established interventions used for older adults, it is appropriate to use validated questionnaires for quality-of-life assessment. For older people, it is suitable to use specific questionnaires designed for old age and aging, with a lower number of questions. The aim of this research was to verify the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire for seniors living in home environment in a community so that it can be used within the Czech Republic. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on older adults in the Moravian-Silesian Region living at home. The study included 954 senior citizens (≥ 65 years, cognitively intact) (without diagnosed dementia, able to sign an informed consent). To test the psychometric properties of the created questionnaire, we tested the validity (construct validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency, test–retest reliability). Results The single-factor model of the OPQoL-brief scale (CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.061, SRMR = 0.034, GFI = 0.960) was confirmed, for which excellent reliability was found (α = 0.921, ICC = 0.904). An inter-item correlation exceeding 0.5 was found for all items. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the overall score of OPQoL-brief and the scales measuring depression (r = − 0.520; p < 0.001), anxiety (r = − 0.355; p < 0.001), sense of coherence (r = 0.427; p < 0.001), and self-esteem (r = 0.428; p < 0.001). Conclusion The results of our research revealed that the shorter Czech version of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire has appropriate reliability and validity and can be recommended for both health and social services to assess the quality of life of senior citizens in a community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Bužgová
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Kozáková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Renáta Zeleníková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Katka Bobčíková
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Hou SI, Santis E, Eskamani AV, Holmes K. Mixed methods evaluation on village neighborhood social cohesiveness and quality of life. QUALITY IN AGEING AND OLDER ADULTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/qaoa-05-2021-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The “Village” model has become an emerging, community-based, social initiative to help older adults age in place. This study aims to examine neighborhood social cohesion (NSC), or social connectedness and quality of life, from the perspective of village members.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-method evaluation was used to examine two Florida villages, a master-planned village (FV1) and a diverse neighborhood village (FV2). Both are full members of the National Village to Village Network.
Findings
The quantitative and qualitative data provided complementary and deeper understanding. Quantitative findings showed that FV1 members scored higher at NSC, and qualitative findings further confirmed that village program social activities were critical to building connections, especially for those who have lost loved ones and were single.
Research limitations/implications
Findings should be interpreted considering the predominantly white racial makeup and affluence of village participants.
Practical implications
Findings point to the importance of NSC as older adults age and suggest that programs should prioritize activities that strengthen social connectiveness.
Originality/value
This is one of the first mixed-methods evaluations examining NSC and quality of life among village participants.
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Carrard S, Mooser C, Hilfiker R, Mittaz Hager AG. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Swiss French version of the Older People's Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQOL-35-SF). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:43. [PMID: 35264182 PMCID: PMC8905913 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-01950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proportion of the world population aged over 65 years is increasing in the world population. Quality of life is an important factor in the biopsychosocial management of older patients. The Older People’s Quality of Life-35 (OPQOL-35) questionnaire was developed specifically for assessment of the quality of life of older people. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swiss French version of the OPQOL-35 questionnaire (OPQOL-35-SF). Methods Forward–backward procedure was used to translate the original questionnaire from English into Swiss French. A sample of older people then completed the questionnaire. Construct validity of the OPQOL-35-SF was evaluated by comparing the results with those from three other questionnaires [World Health Organisation Quality of Life in older people questionnaire (WHOQOL-OLD), Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, Pleasure in 12 questions (CASP-12), and EuroQol-5-dimensions-5-levels (EQ-5D-5L)] and two visual analogue scales (health and quality of life). The structure of the OPQOL-35-SF questionnaire was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. To evaluate the reliability the OPQOL-35-SF questionnaire was completed a second time after 7–23 days. Results A total of 264 older people completed all the questionnaires at the first session, and 262 completed the OPQOL-35-SF again at the second session. Mean age of participants was 76.8 (standard deviation (SD) = 7.1) years. The majority of participants were women (73.9%). The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) was 0.86 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (p < 0.001). The result of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed 8 factors with eigenvalues greater than one, which explained 58% of the observed variance. All items had an acceptable loading (< 0.30) in at least one factor. The convergent validity presented low to moderate correlations (rho: 0.384–0.663). Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s alpha 0.875 for test and 0.902 for retest). Test–retest reliability presented an intra-class correlation coefficient, two-way random effects, absolute agreement, single rater (ICC2.1) of 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.87]. Conclusions The Swiss French version of the OPQOL-35 questionnaire shows good psychometric properties, which permit its use in clinical practice or research. A supplementary sample would be necessary for a better distribution of the items in the different factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-022-01950-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Carrard
- School of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Rathausstrasse 25, 3954, Leukerbad, Switzerland.
| | - Claudia Mooser
- Institut Notre-Dame de Lourdes, 3960, Sierre, Switzerland
| | - Roger Hilfiker
- School of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Rathausstrasse 25, 3954, Leukerbad, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Gabrielle Mittaz Hager
- School of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy, Caphri-Care and Public Health Research Institute and HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Rathaustrasse 25, 3954, Leukerbad, Switzerland
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Abdalrahim A, Carter T, Abu Khait A, Clissett P, Blake H. The use of digital touch screen technology to deliver reminiscence therapy among people with dementia in Jordanian care homes: a mixed-method feasibility study. Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:187-201. [PMID: 34986522 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using technology to deliver psychosocial interventions such as reminiscence therapy (RT) to people with dementia may improve their mental health. Yet, establishing the feasibility of digital interventions in low- to middle-income countries is still in the early stages. This study aimed to: (i) determine the feasibility of using digital touch screen technology to deliver RT among people with dementia living in Jordanian care homes; and (ii) compare study outcomes pre- and post-reminiscence sessions to investigate whether specific outcomes are sensitive to change and explore the acceptability and experiences of the intervention. METHODS A pragmatic mixed-method study design was implemented. Sixty residents with dementia were recruited from two Jordanian care homes (Site 1: n = 35; Site 2: n = 10). A process evaluation was conducted alongside a single-group pre-post-intervention study. The intervention involved 10 supported RT sessions of up to 1 h each, delivered over 5 weeks. Feasibility was determined by assessing the rate of recruitment, adherence, retention, data completion, implementation fidelity, and adverse events. Qualitative semi-structured interview questions were used to explore experience and acceptability, and data were thematically analysed. RESULTS Response rate was 100%; loss to follow up at post-intervention was 25%. Median session attendance for those who received the intervention was 80%. No serious adverse events were reported. A positive, statistically significant and clinically relevant difference was found in all outcome measures before and after reminiscence sessions. Qualitative findings suggest that digital RT intervention is generally well accepted by people with dementia who reported positive changes, including enhanced communication and cognitive abilities. CONCLUSION Using digital touch screen technology to deliver RT is feasible and acceptable among people with dementia in Jordanian care homes. Digital RT intervention is a promising approach to improving mental health and communication for people living with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asem Abdalrahim
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, AlMafraq, Jordan
| | - Tim Carter
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abdallah Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Philip Clissett
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
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28
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Scott JET, Mazzucchelli TG, Luszcz MA, Windsor TD. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the older people’s quality of life scale. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Kanabur V, Muragod A. Effect of dynamic cupping therapy vs. vibrating foam roller on pain, range of motion, function, and quality of life in elderly with subacute and chronic osteoarthritis of knee: A randomized controlled trial. MGM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_174_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Siette J, Knaggs GT, Zurynski Y, Ratcliffe J, Dodds L, Westbrook J. Systematic review of 29 self-report instruments for assessing quality of life in older adults receiving aged care services. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050892. [PMID: 34794991 PMCID: PMC8603300 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) outcomes are used to monitor quality of care for older adults accessing aged care services, yet it remains unclear which QoL instruments best meet older adults', providers' and policymakers' needs. This review aimed to (1) identify QoL instruments used in aged care and describe them in terms of QoL domains measured and logistical details; (2) summarise in which aged care settings the instruments have been used and (3) discuss factors to consider in deciding on the suitability of QoL instruments for use in aged care services. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and CINAHL from inception to 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Instruments were included if they were designed for adults (>18 years), available in English, been applied in a peer-reviewed research study examining QoL outcomes in adults >65 years accessing aged care (including home/social care, residential/long-term care) and had reported psychometrics. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two researchers independently reviewed the measures and extracted the data. Data synthesis was performed via narrative review of eligible instruments. RESULTS 292 articles reporting on 29 QoL instruments were included. Eight domains of QoL were addressed: physical health, mental health, emotional state, social connection, environment, autonomy and overall QoL. The period between 1990 and 2000 produced the greatest number of newly developed instruments. The EuroQoL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and Short Form-series were used across multiple aged care contexts including home and residential care. More recent instruments (eg, ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people (ICECAP-O) and Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT)) tend to capture emotional sentiment towards personal circumstances and higher order care needs, in comparison with more established instruments (eg, EQ-5D) which are largely focused on health status. CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive list of QoL instruments and their characteristics is provided to inform instrument choice for use in research or for care quality assurance in aged care settings, depending on needs and interests of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Siette
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Ageing, Cognition and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gilbert Thomas Knaggs
- NHMRC Partnership Centre for Health Systems Sustainability, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yvonne Zurynski
- NHMRC Partnership Centre for Health Systems Sustainability, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Ratcliffe
- Health and Social Care Economics Group, Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Laura Dodds
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johanna Westbrook
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kramer LL, van Velsen L, Clark JL, Mulder BC, de Vet E. Use and effect of embodied conversational agents for improving eating behavior and decreasing loneliness among community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2021; 6:e33974. [PMID: 35404255 PMCID: PMC9039822 DOI: 10.2196/33974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) have been proposed as a promising interaction modality for the delivery of programs focused on promoting lifestyle changes. However, it is not understood what factors influence the health effects of ECAs or their use. Objective We aimed to (1) identify whether ECAs could persuade community-dwelling older adults to change their dietary behavior and whether ECA use could decrease loneliness, (2) test the pathways to these effects, and (3) understand factors influencing the use of ECAs. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted. The intervention group received access to the PACO service for 8 weeks. The waitlist group started PACO use after waiting for 4 weeks. Two primary outcomes (eating behavior and loneliness) were assessed via online questionnaires at intake, upon joining the waitlist, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks. The third primary outcome (use) was assessed via data logs. Secondary outcomes were measured at the same time points, via questionnaires or an optional interview. Results In total, 32 participants completed the intervention. We found a significant correlation between use in minutes on the one hand, and perceived usefulness (r=0.39, P=.03) and enjoyment on the other (r=0.38, P=.03). However, these did not predict use in the full regression model (F2,29=1.98, P=.16, R2=0.12). Additionally, PACO use did not lead to improvement in eating behavior (χ22=0.34, P=.85) or a decrease in loneliness (χ22=0.02, P=.99). Conclusions Our study did not provide any concluding evidence about factors that are linked to the use or health effects of ECAs. Future service design could benefit from either creating a functional design catering to the predominant stage in the precaution adoption process model of the targeted population, or by personalizing the service based on an intake in which the end user’s stage is determined. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04510883; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04510883 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/22186
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Affiliation(s)
- Lean L Kramer
- Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Lex van Velsen
- eHealth cluster, Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede, Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Jenna L Clark
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Bob C Mulder
- Strategic Communication Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Emely de Vet
- Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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32
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Koivunen K, Portegijs E, Sillanpää E, Eronen J, Kokko K, Rantanen T. Maintenance of high quality of life as an indicator of resilience during COVID-19 social distancing among community-dwelling older adults in Finland. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:713-722. [PMID: 34570331 PMCID: PMC8475423 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced possibilities for activities of choice potentially threatening quality of life (QoL). We defined QoL resilience as maintaining high quality of life and studied whether walking speed, absence of loneliness, living arrangement, and stress-coping ability predict QoL resilience among older people. METHODS Community-dwelling 75-, 80-, and 85-year-old persons (n = 685) were interviewed and examined in 2017-2018 and were followed up during COVID-19 social distancing in 2020. We assessed QoL using the OPQOL-brief scale and set a cut-off for 'constant high' based on staying in the highest baseline quartile over the follow-up and categorized all others as having 'low/moderate'. Perceived restrictiveness of the social distancing recommendations was examined with one item and was categorized as 'yes' or 'no' restrictiveness. RESULTS Better stress-coping ability (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.14-1.28) and not being lonely (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.48-4.63) increased the odds for constant high QoL from before to amid social distancing, and the odds did not differ according to the perceived restrictiveness of the social distancing recommendations. Higher walking speed predicted constant high QoL only among those perceiving restrictiveness (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.27). Living arrangement did not predict constant high QoL. CONCLUSION During social distancing, psychosocial resources helped to maintain good QoL regardless how restrictive the social distancing recommendations were perceived to be. Better physical capacity was important for constant high QoL only among those perceiving restrictiveness presumably because it enabled replacing blocked activities with open outdoor physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Koivunen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elina Sillanpää
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Miguel-Cruz A, Ladurner AM, Kohls-Wiebe M, Rawani D. The Effects of 3D Immersion Technology (3Scape) on Mental Health in Outpatients From a Short-Term Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Treatment Program: Feasibility Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e25017. [PMID: 34519669 PMCID: PMC8479595 DOI: 10.2196/25017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health conditions are prevalent among Canadians and are a leading cause of disability. Each year, 1 in 5 Canadians experiences a mental health issue. A total of 5% of people aged ≥65 years perceive their mental health as fair or poor, and 6.3% of them have mood disorders. Regarding older adults with cognitive impairments such as dementia, up to 40%-50% of them experience depression at some point. We believe that older adults can benefit significantly from information and telecommunication technologies as a strategy for improving mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety, while simultaneously improving their quality of life. 3Scape Systems Inc is an Alberta-based private company that has produced a series of specialized 3D videos designed to simulate real-life events and engage individuals living with mental health disorders and cognitive impairments such as dementia. Objective This study aims to explore the trial design and effects of 3Scape videos on older adults’ symptoms of depression and anxiety and the efficacy of this technology in improving the quality of life of patients attending the Short-Term Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Treatment Psychiatry Day Hospital program at Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital and to provide data to estimate the parameters required to design a definitive randomized controlled trial. Methods The trial will use a randomized controlled design comprising 15 intervention participants and 15 control group participants. The participants will be adults aged ≥65 years who are cognitively intact or have minimal cognitive impairment (ie, Montreal Cognitive Assessment score ≥18), and are clients of the Short-Term Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Treatment Psychiatry Day Hospital program at Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital. This study’s primary outcome variables are related to clients’ depressive and anxiety symptoms and their quality of life. The control group will receive the standard of care (ie, the Short-Term Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Treatment Psychiatry Day Hospital program at Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital). The intervention group will receive the same standard of care as the control group and will use 3Scape Systems videos for therapeutic activities. Results Our study is currently on hold because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The recruitment process is expected to resume by November 2021, and the primary impact analysis is expected to be conducted by February 2022. Conclusions This study will provide valuable information such as the measurement of comparative intervention effects, perception of older adults and mental health therapists about the 3Scape Systems, the associated costs of treatment, and product costs. This will contribute to the evidence planning process, which will be crucial for the future adoption of 3Scape Systems. Trial Registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 93685907; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN93685907. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/25017
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Miguel-Cruz
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Glenrose Rehabilitation Research Innovation and Technology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - David Rawani
- Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Assessing Resilience in Older Adulthood: Development and Validation of the Resilience Scale for Older Adults. Can J Aging 2021; 41:214-229. [PMID: 34474698 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980821000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents on the initial development and validation of the Resilience Scale for Older Adults (RSOA). This new measure is based on a theoretical model of resilience grounded in qualitative research conducted with older adults. The scale consists of four resilience protective factors with 11 underlying facets. The Intrapersonal factor consists of Perseverance and Determination, Self-Efficacy and Independence, Purpose and Meaning, and Positive Perspective. The Interpersonal factor consists of Sense of Community, Family Support, and Friend/Neighbour Support. The Spiritual factor consists of Faith and Prayer, and the Experiential factor consists of Previous Adversity and Proactivity. The findings of three independent studies using older adult samples support the four-factor, 11-facet structure of the RSOA. Results also provide promising initial reliability and validity information, and analysis of gender invariance suggests that the factor structure is comparable across men and women. Implications for the applicability of the RSOA in research and clinical settings are discussed.
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35
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Hackert MQN, van Exel J, Brouwer WBF. Content validation of the Well-being of Older People measure (WOOP). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:200. [PMID: 34419061 PMCID: PMC8380379 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid measures of the well-being of older people are important for the evaluation of health and social care services. The nine-item Well-being of Older People measure (WOOP) was based on a novel framework derived from a recent Q-methodology study, and was developed to capture a comprehensive set of well-being domains relevant to older people, as identified by themselves. This study introduces the WOOP and describes the qualitative assessment of its feasibility and content validity. METHODS Between December 2017 and January 2018, a sampling agency retrieved data from 269 adults aged 65 years and older in the Netherlands. Using an online survey, participants were asked to complete the WOOP and to indicate the importance of each item to their well-being. Open-ended questions were used to collect information about participants' own definition of well-being, their interpretation of the items of the WOOP, and their assessment of the descriptions and response options provided with each item. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis with the software package ATLAS.ti. RESULTS The WOOP closely resembled respondents' own description of what well-being means to them. The majority of the respondents reported no important well-being aspects to be missing from the WOOP, and indicated all WOOP items to be at least 'reasonably important' to their well-being. Many linked the WOOP items to well-being aspects as intended, and only a few had suggestions for improving the items' descriptions and response options. CONCLUSIONS Given these results, all nine items were retained, and no items were added to the measure. Based on respondents' feedback, minor changes were made to the wording of some descriptions and response options of items. Concluding, the feasibility and content validity of the WOOP seem satisfactory. Further validation of this new measure is required, in different health and social care settings and among subgroups of older people with potentially different views on what constitutes well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska Q N Hackert
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Job van Exel
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Werner B F Brouwer
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Adams C, Gringart E, Strobel N, Masterman P. Help-seeking for mental health problems among older adults with chronic disease: an application of the theory of planned behaviour. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1952850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Adams
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Eyal Gringart
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Natalie Strobel
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Paul Masterman
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
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Okuyan B, Ozcan V, Balta E, Durak-Albayrak O, Turker M, Sancar M, Yavuz BB, Uner S, Ozcebe H. The impact of community pharmacists on older adults in Turkey. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2021; 61:e83-e92. [PMID: 34238671 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the impact of theory-based, structured, standardized pharmaceutical care services led by community pharmacists (CPs) on patient-related outcomes in older Turkish adults. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION This prospective, quasi-experimental pilot study was conducted at the national level at community pharmacies in Turkey. After virtual training of CPs, pharmaceutical care services including medicine bag check-up, medication review, patient medicine card, patient education, and counseling services (including motivational interviewing) were delivered to promote medication adherence in older adults. PRACTICE INNOVATION Theory-based, structured, standardized pharmaceutical care services addressing medication adherence problems in older Turkish adults with noncommunicable diseases. EVALUATION METHODS Descriptive data (including demographic and clinical data, medication-related problems by using the DOCUMENT classification, potential inappropriate prescribing by using the Ghent Older People's Prescriptions Community Pharmacy Screening- (GheOP3S) tool, and pharmacy service satisfaction) were presented. Pre- and post-evaluation were compared by using the Wilcoxon test (for continuous variables) and McNemar's or McNemar-Bowker chi-square test (for categorical variables). RESULTS One hundred and thirty-eight medication-related problems were identified among 52 older adults. The medication adherence rate was significantly increased from 51.9% to 75%, and the mean of total quality of life (QoL) score rose significantly from 51.7 to 53.4 (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant change in the median of necessity-concern differential (baseline: 7 [2.2-10.0] vs. final: 8.0 [5-11]; P < 0.05). At baseline, all patients had at least 1 potential inappropriate prescribing according to the GheOP3S tool, and the rate was 73.1% at the final assessment. CONCLUSION Community pharmacist-led pharmaceutical care services significantly improved patient-related outcomes (such as medication adherence, beliefs about medication, and QoL) in older adults with noncommunicable diseases. No statistically significant change was detected in their lifestyle behaviors (such as physical activity and diet program) or health awareness.
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Saajanaho M, Kokko K, Pynnönen K, Tourunen A, Törmäkangas T, Portegijs E, Rantanen T. The Scales of Psychological Well-Being - a validation, usability and test-retest study among community-dwelling older people in Finland. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:913-922. [PMID: 32052647 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1725801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To validate the Finnish version of the 42-item Scales of Psychological Well-Being among community-dwelling older people. The study also examined the test-retest reliability and usability, i.e. user experience, of the scales in this age group.Method: The 42-item version of the SPWB was administered as part of a face-to-face interview among 968 men and women aged 75, 80 or 85 years. The subsample for test-retest analyses comprised 42 participants, who in addition to 11 interviewers also answered questions concerning the usability of the scales. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Pearson and intra-class correlation coefficients, and Kendal's Tau B were used in the analyses.Results: The factor analyses did not support the theory-based six-factor structure of the scales. The Cronbach's alphas showed high internal consistency reliability for the total scale, but modest for the subscales. The intercorrelations between the subscales were moderate. The total score and the subscale scores of the SPWB correlated positively with quality of life and life satisfaction, and negatively with depressive symptoms. The interviewers reported that while most of the participants responded to the scales without marked difficulties, others could only answer after clarifications of some statements.Discussion: The reliability of the 42-item version of the SPWB was modest. The factor structure was inconsistent among the three age groups studied, but the scales were feasible to use. The current results call for further methodological consideration to optimize assessment of eudaimonic well-being in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla Saajanaho
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pynnönen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anu Tourunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Rantanen T, Eronen J, Kauppinen M, Kokko K, Sanaslahti S, Kajan N, Portegijs E. Life-Space Mobility and Active Aging as Factors Underlying Quality of Life Among Older People Before and During COVID-19 Lockdown in Finland-A Longitudinal Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:e60-e67. [PMID: 33125043 PMCID: PMC7665359 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social distancing, i.e. avoiding places with other people and staying at home, was recommended to prevent viral transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. Potentially, reduced out-of-home mobility and lower activity levels among older people may lower their quality of life (QOL). We studied cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of and changes in life-space mobility, active ageing and QOL during COVID-19 social distancing compared to two years before. Methods Altogether 809 community-living participants initially aged 75, 80 or 85 years of our active aging study (AGNES) conducted in 2017-2018 took part in the current AGNES-COVID-19 survey in May and June 2020. Outdoor mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment (range 0-120). Active approach to life was assessed with the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (range 0–272), and QOL with the shortened Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (range13-65; higher scores better for all). Data were analyzed with General Estimating Equations, General Linear Models, and Oneway-ANOVA. Results Life-space mobility (B -10.8, SE 0.75, p<0.001), the active ageing score (B -24.1, SE 0.88, p<0.001) and the QOL score (B -1.65, SE 0.21, p<0.001) were lower during COVID-19 social distancing vs. two years before. Concurrent life-space mobility and active ageing scores, age and sex explained 48% of QOL at the baseline and 42% during social distancing. Longitudinally, steeper declines in all three variables coincided. Conclusions The observed declines indicate compliance with social distancing recommendation, but underline the importance of participation in meaningful life situations as a factor underlying good QOL also during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Johanna Eronen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Markku Kauppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Sini Sanaslahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Niina Kajan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Hoang P, Whaley C, Thompson K, Ho V, Rehman U, Boluk K, Grindrod KA. Evaluation of an Intergenerational and Technological Intervention for Loneliness: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e23767. [PMID: 33595443 PMCID: PMC7929741 DOI: 10.2196/23767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social integration and mental health are vital aspects of healthy aging. However, close to half of Canadians older than 80 years report feeling socially isolated. Research has shown that social isolation leads to increased mortality and morbidity, and various interventions have been studied to alleviate loneliness among older adults. This proposal presents an evaluation of an intervention that provides one-on-one coaching, is intergenerational, provides both educational and socialization experiences, and increases technology literacy of older adults to overcome loneliness. OBJECTIVE This paper describes the protocol of a randomized, mixed-methods study that will take place in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if an intergenerational technology literacy program can reduce social isolation and depression in older adults via quantitative and qualitative outcome measures. METHODS This study is a randomized, mixed-methods, feasibility trial with 2 conditions. Older adults in the intervention condition will receive 1 hour of weekly technological assistance to send an email to a family member, for 8 weeks, with the assistance of a volunteer. Participants in the control condition will not receive any intervention. The primary outcomes are loneliness, measured using the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, and depression, measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, both of which are measured weekly. Secondary outcomes are quality of life, as assessed using the Older People's Quality of Life-Brief version, and technological literacy, evaluated using the Computer Proficiency Questionnaire-12, both of which will be administered before and after the intervention. Semistructured interviews will be completed before and after the intervention to assess participants' social connectedness, familiarity with technology, and their experience with the intervention. The study will be completed in a long-term care facility in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS This study was funded in April 2019 and ethical approval was obtained in August 2019. Recruitment for the study started in November 2019. The intervention began in February 2020 but was halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The trial will be restarted when safe. As of March 2020, 8 participants were recruited. CONCLUSIONS Information and communication technology interventions have shown varying results in reducing loneliness and improving mental health among older adults. Few studies have examined the role of one-on-one coaching for older adults in addition to technology education in such interventions. Data from this study may have the potential to provide evidence for other groups to disseminate similar interventions in their respective communities. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/23767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hoang
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,enTECH Computer Club, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Whaley
- enTECH Computer Club, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Thompson
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Venus Ho
- enTECH Computer Club, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Uzma Rehman
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Karla Boluk
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly A Grindrod
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Kramer LL, Mulder BC, van Velsen L, de Vet E. Use and Effect of Web-Based Embodied Conversational Agents for Improving Eating Behavior and Decreasing Loneliness Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e22186. [PMID: 33404513 PMCID: PMC7817356 DOI: 10.2196/22186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unhealthy eating pattern and loneliness negatively influence quality of life in older age. Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are a promising way to address these health behaviors in an engaging manner. OBJECTIVE We aim to (1) identify whether ECAs can persuade community-dwelling older adults to change their dietary behavior and whether ECA use can decrease loneliness, (2) test these pathways to effects, and (3) understand the use of an ECA. METHODS The web-based eHealth app PACO is a fully automated 8-week intervention in which 2 ECAs engage older adults in dialogue to motivate them to change their dietary behavior and decrease their loneliness. PACO was developed via a human-centered and stakeholder-inclusive design approach and incorporates Self-determination Theory and various behavior change techniques. For this study, an unblinded randomized controlled trial will be performed. There will be 2 cohorts, with 30 participants per cohort. Participants in the first cohort will immediately receive the PACO app for 8 weeks, while participants in the second cohort receive the PACO app after a waiting-list condition of 4 weeks. Participants will be recruited via social media, an online panel, flyers, and advertorials. To be eligible, participants must be at least 65 years of age, must not be in paid employment, and must live alone independently at home. Primary outcomes will be self-assessed via online questionnaires at intake, control, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks, and will include eating behavior and loneliness. In addition, the primary outcome-use-will be measured via data logs. Secondary outcomes will be measured at the same junctures, via either validated, self-assessed, online questionnaires or an optional interview. RESULTS As of July 2020, we have begun recruiting participants. CONCLUSIONS By unraveling the mechanisms behind the use of a web-based intervention with ECAs, we hope to gain a fine-grained understanding of both the effectiveness and the use of ECAs in the health context. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04510883; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04510883. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/22186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lean L Kramer
- Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Bob C Mulder
- Strategic Communication, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Lex van Velsen
- eHealth Cluster, Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede, Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and Systems Group, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Emely de Vet
- Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Tourunen A, Siltanen S, Saajanaho M, Koivunen K, Kokko K, Rantanen T. Psychometric properties of the 10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale among Finnish older adults. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:99-106. [PMID: 31703533 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1683812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resilience, the ability to bounce back after adverse events may be an important factor in active aging. The 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) seems suitable for aging research owing to its low participant burden; however, its psychometric properties have not been comprehensively reported for older people. For example, no estimate exists of the test-retest reliability of the scale when used with older adults. Hence, this study evaluated the psychometric properties of the CD-RISC10 in a large population-based sample of community-dwelling older people. METHOD The scale's internal consistency, factor structure, construct validity, test-retest reliability, and user experience were analyzed among 1018 Finnish older adults (57% women) aged 75 (45%), 80 (33%) and 85 years (22%). RESULTS The internal consistency of the CD-RISC10 was good (Cronbach's α = 0.85), test-retest reliability moderate (ICC = 0.61), and the scale was unidimensional. However, a two-factor solution was found among the 75-year-olds, where the ability to deal positively with change (e.g. using humor) explained an additional part of resilience. While no differences by gender, age, or education were observed in total scores, very good perceived financial situation was associated with higher resilience. The scale showed good construct validity, and user feedback indicated that administering the scale in research is quick and easy. CONCLUSION In general, the CD-RISC10 is a valid method to study older adults' psychological resilience. However, the present test-retest reliability values suggest caution in using the scale as an outcome measure in intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Tourunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Siltanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kaisa Koivunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Doseděl T, Menšíková T, Vidovićová L. Scaling Down the PGCM Scale to Assess Views on Ageing More Efficiently: Finding a New Alternative. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9414. [PMID: 33334064 PMCID: PMC7765537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to present a new and efficient way of measuring the quality of life among older populations, with special attention to morale, positive outlook on life and ageing. The measure is based on the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCM), originally consisting of 22 items. The growing numbers and proportions of older people among European populations has increased the need to obtain more reliable data on their needs, values, life experiences and overall quality of life. Using data from six surveys conducted in the Czech Republic, we have formulated a three-item positive outlook on life and ageing (POLA) scale. Our analyses are divided into three steps: (1) constructing the scale and testing its internal consistency; (2) testing the scale's external validity using mean comparisons and correlation coefficients; and (3) determining the factors affecting a positive outlook on later life, such as gender and education. We have confirmed that the three-item approach to measuring positive outlook on ageing as a part of morale is highly applicable to surveys, producing compelling results in assessing important quality-of-life sub-concepts, such as subjective health, subjective age, and loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Doseděl
- Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Joštova 10, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.M.); (L.V.)
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Campbell R, Prasadarao PSDV, Morris M. Conceptualization and Management of Chronic Pain in an Over 65 Using an ACT Lens—A Single Case Study. Clin Case Stud 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1534650120978299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This single case study illustrates the application and utility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for a 72-year-old Australian male presenting with chronic pain and complex health conditions. Chronic pain often entails complexity among older adults and can impact the patient’s life across a range of domains. Psychological approaches, as stand-alone or adjunct to medical intervention, are widely acknowledged as potentially beneficial to older persons experiencing pain. ACT has been supported as a viable psychological approach for chronic pain and especially suitable for older persons with chronic pain. This study describes an ACT treatment approach for an older person with chronic pain informed via development of an extension of the existing ACT conceptualization of chronic pain. The development of the ACT based model is in keeping with recommendations to seek out mechanisms of change in psychotherapeutic research. Measures of Quality of Life, Depression, Physical Activity, and Acceptance/Avoidance were taken at pre and post treatment, as well as across treatment phases. Improvement was noted in self-reported measures of QOL, depression, and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary Morris
- Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia
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Evaluation of a Combined HIV and Geriatrics Clinic for Older People Living with HIV: The Silver Clinic in Brighton, UK. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5040081. [PMID: 33086666 PMCID: PMC7709685 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy in people living with HIV (PLWH) has increased, the focus of management has shifted to preventing and treating chronic illnesses, but few services exist for the assessment and management of these individuals. Here, we provide an initial description of a geriatric service for people living with HIV and present data from a service evaluation undertaken in the clinic. We conducted an evaluation of the first 52 patients seen in the clinic between 2016 and 2019. We present patient demographic data, assessment outcomes, diagnoses given, and interventions delivered to those seen in the clinic. The average age of attendees was 67. Primary reasons for referral to the clinic included management of complex comorbidities, polypharmacy, and suspected geriatric syndrome (falls, frailty, poor mobility, or cognitive decline). The median (range) number of comorbidities and comedications (non-antiretrovirals) was 7 (2–19) and 9 (1–15), respectively. All attendees had an undetectable viral load. Geriatric syndromes were observed in 26 (50%) patients reviewed in the clinic, with frailty and mental health disease being the most common syndromes. Interventions offered to patients included combination antiretroviral therapy modification, further health investigations, signposting to rehabilitation or social care services, and in-clinic advice. High levels of acceptability among patients and healthcare professionals were reported. The evaluation suggests that specialist geriatric HIV services might play a role in the management of older people with HIV with geriatric syndromes.
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Feizi A, Heidari Z. Persian version of the brief Older People's Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQOL-brief): the evaluation of the psychometric properties. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:327. [PMID: 33028355 PMCID: PMC7542137 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Quality of life (QoL) is a multi-dimensional concept and its assessment is one of important themes of care for older people. Assessing QoL in older people needs specific scales. The aim of this study was to culturally adapt and investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of brief Older People's Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQOL-brief) in an Iranian older population. METHODS This methodological cross-sectional study was conducted among 525 Persian-speaking older people (aged 60 and over), living in Isfahan, Iran. Translation of the OPQOL-brief questionnaire was performed using forward-backward method. Test-retest reliability was evaluated through Intra Class Correlation (ICC) coefficient and internal consistency by using Cronbach's α. Construct validity was investigated by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Latent class analysis (LCA). Criterion, convergent and discriminant validities were also assessed. RESULTS Persian version of the OPQOL-brief showed good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.842, 95% CI = 0.73-0.91; P < 0.001). Persian OPQOL-brief scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.83). It showed good discriminant validity and differentiated old patients from healthy older individuals (P < 0.001). Construct validity based on EFA led to extraction of three dimensions ("socioeconomic", "emotional", and "physical" well-being) and the CFA confirmed the adequacy of extracted construct from EFA (CFI = 0.909, PCFI = 0.52, PNFI = 0.5, CMIN/DF = 3.012, and RMSEA = 0.08). LCA classified participants into three classes in terms of QoL level (low (16%), middle (67%), and high (17%)). Criterion validity and convergent validity revealed significant positive correlations between OPQOL-brief and physical and psychological dimensions of the SF-36. CONCLUSION The Persian version of the OPQOL-brief is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing QoL with applicability in a broad range of older Persian language population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Rantanen T, Hassandra M, Pynnönen K, Siltanen S, Kokko K, Karavirta L, Kauppinen M, Sipilä S, Saajanaho M, Portegijs E. The effect of individualized, theory-based counselling intervention on active aging and quality of life among older people (the AGNES intervention study). Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:2081-2090. [PMID: 32239460 PMCID: PMC7532961 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We define active aging as a striving for activities as per one's goals, capacities and opportunities. AIM To test the 1-year counselling intervention effects on active aging. METHODS In this two-arm single-blinded randomized controlled trial, the intervention group received individually tailored counselling supporting autonomous motivation for active life (one face-to-face session, four phone calls and supportive written material, n = 101) and the control group written health information (n = 103). Participants were community-dwelling men and women aged 75 or 80 years with intermediate mobility function and without cognitive impairment. The primary outcome was active aging total score measured with the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (UJACAS, range 0-272, higher values indicate more activity) and secondary outcomes were its subscores for goals, ability, opportunity and activity (range 0-68) and a quality of life (QoL) score. Measures took place at pre-trial, mid-trial (6 months) and post-trial (12 months), except for QoL only pre and post-trial. Data were analyzed with intention-to-treat principles using GEE-models. RESULTS The UJACAS total score increased in the intervention group slightly more than in the control group (group by time p-value = 0.050, effect size 0.011, net benefit 2%), but the group effect was not statistically significant. A small effect was observed for the activity subscore (p = 0.007). DISCUSSION The individualized counselling supporting autonomous motivation for active life increased the UJACAS score slightly. CONCLUSIONS It may be possible to promote active aging with individualized counselling, but the effect is small and it is unclear whether the change is meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Mary Hassandra
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Pynnönen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sini Siltanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markku Kauppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Voros V, Fekete S, Tenyi T, Rihmer Z, Szili I, Osvath P. Untreated depressive symptoms significantly worsen quality of life in old age and may lead to the misdiagnosis of dementia: a cross-sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:52. [PMID: 32944058 PMCID: PMC7493324 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies demonstrated the role of depressive mood and cognitive impairment in the background of elevated mortality and decreased Quality of Life (QoL) in old age. Our aim was to assess depressive and cognitive symptoms among older people in order to determine if those are recognized and treated or not, to elucidate the association between them and to investigate their impact on QoL. METHODS In the framework of the ICT4Life project self-administered questionnaires and clinical screening tools were used to assess QoL, depressive symptoms and cognitive functions of 60 older persons over the age of 65. RESULTS Males found to be depressed (53.8 vs. 40.4%) and cognitively declined (53.8 vs. 48.9%) more frequently; and had higher scores on the depression (6.85 vs. 5.32) and lower on the QoL (47.38 vs. 50.19) scales. Depressed older persons had lower cognitive levels (24.39 vs. 21.52) and their QoL was significantly poorer (53.97 vs. 43.85) than that of the non-depressed subjects. Depressive symptoms were detected in almost half of the older adults (43.9%), and the majority (80.77%) did not receive antidepressant medication. CONCLUSIONS Depressive and cognitive symptoms found to be common among older people, but were not recognized and treated in most cases. Close correlation between depression and cognitive impairment was also confirmed, as well as the key role of depression in the background of pseudo-dementia and QoL decline. Early recognition of depressive symptoms is important not only to treat the underlying mood disorder, but also to improve QoL of older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Voros
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Sandor Fekete
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Tamas Tenyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Rihmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory for Suicide Research and Prevention, National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ilona Szili
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Karoli Gaspar University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Osvath
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
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Dodd SR, Payne SA, Preston NJ, Walshe CE. Understanding the Outcomes of Supplementary Support Services in Palliative Care for Older People. A Scoping Review and Mapping Exercise. J Pain Symptom Manage 2020; 60:449-459.e21. [PMID: 32201310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Supplementary support services in palliative care for older people are increasingly common, but with neither recommended tools to measure outcomes nor reviews synthesizing anticipated outcomes. Common clinically focused tools may be less appropriate. OBJECTIVES To identify stakeholder perceptions of key outcomes from supplementary palliative care support services, then map these onto outcome measurement tools to assess relevance and item redundancy. METHODS A scoping review using the design by Arksey and O'Malley. EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PSYCHinfo searched using terms relating to palliative care, qualitative research, and supplementary support interventions. Articles were imported into Endnote™, and Covidence™ was used by two reviewers to assess against inclusion criteria. Included articles were imported into NVivo™ and thematically coded to identify key concepts underpinning outcomes. Each item within contender outcome measurement tools was assessed against each concept. RESULTS Sixty included articles focused on advance care planning, guided conversations, and volunteer befriending services. Four concepts were identified: enriching relationships; greater autonomy and perceived control; knowing more; and improved mental health. Mapping concepts to contender tool items revealed issues of relevance and redundancy. Some tools had no redundant items but mapped only to two of four outcome themes; others mapped to all concepts, but with many redundant questions. Tools such as ICECAP-Supportive Care Measure and McGill Quality of Life had high relevance and low redundancy. CONCLUSION Pertinent outcome concepts for these services and population are not well represented in commonly used outcome measurement tools, and this may have implications in appropriately measuring outcomes. This review and mapping method may have utility in fields where selecting appropriate outcome tools can be challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Dodd
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Sheila A Payne
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Nancy J Preston
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Catherine E Walshe
- International Observatory on End of Life Care, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
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50
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Hackert MQN, van Exel J, Brouwer WBF. Well-being of Older People (WOOP): Quantitative validation of a new outcome measure for use in economic evaluations. Soc Sci Med 2020; 259:113109. [PMID: 32629325 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for comprehensive measures to evaluate the benefits of health and social care services for older people. The newly developed Well-being of Older People measure (WOOP) aims to capture all aspects that older people find important to their well-being. This study explores the validity and test-retest reliability of the WOOP. Between December 2017 and January 2018, an online survey was used to retrieve data from 1113 people aged 65 years and older in the Netherlands. Regression analyses on Cantril's Ladder scores were conducted to explore the relative importance of the items of the WOOP. Dimensionality was checked using exploratory factor analysis. Convergent and discriminant validity were investigated by relating the WOOP to several measures of health and well-being. Test-retest reliability was examined using data from 269 respondents that participated in a second online survey, distributed one week after the first. The items of the WOOP were significantly associated with Cantril's Ladder scores. When regressed simultaneously this was still true for all but the 'social contacts' item and one level of the 'acceptance and resilience' item. The dimensionality analysis revealed three factors, of which two included items of the WOOP and the EQ-5D-5L and the third only items of the WOOP. The WOOP correlated moderately to highly with physical health, and (very) highly with (mental) health and well-being measures. The test-retest reliability in terms of ICC was high, whereas the kappa for the items was fair to good, except for two items. Overall, the WOOP seems to capture aspects relevant to the well-being of older people adequately, and the results of first validity and reliability tests were satisfactory. Before the WOOP can be used in economic evaluations, further validation in a variety of health and social care settings is recommended, and utility weights need to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariska Q N Hackert
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Job van Exel
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Werner B F Brouwer
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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