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Behrad S, Dezfuli SAT, Yazdani R, Hayati S, Shanjani SM. The effect of physical exercise on circulating neurotrophic factors in healthy aged subjects: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Exp Gerontol 2024; 196:112579. [PMID: 39260585 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may help the brain resist both functional and structural neurodegeneration, which is critical for maintaining cognitive and neurological health in older adults. This meta-analysis and meta-regression seek to elucidate the impact of physical activity on these biomarker levels in healthy seniors, as well as to examine the influence of several moderator factors, including age, sex, period length, and time, for the first time. The standardized mean effect metric was used to assess the influence of weights, which reflected each group's relative importance in comparison to baseline data. The study looked at potential moderating factors including age, gender, and physical activity levels. The analysis of 11 studies indicated no significant effect of physical activity on VEGF levels [0.328, CI 95 % (-0.871 to 1.52); I2 = 0.00; p = 0.592; Q = 4.14]. Physical activity had a substantial impact on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (0.827, 95 % confidence interval: 0.487 to 1.16; I2 = 0.00; p = 0.00; Q = 78.46), with females showing particularly notable effects (Tau2 = 0.327, Tau = 0.571, I2 = 80.90 %, Q = 68.05, df = 15, p = 0.00). Physical activity also had a substantial effect on insulin-like growth factor 1 (0.276, 95 % confidence interval: 0.065 to 0.487; I2 = 0.00; p = 0.10; Q = 8.35), indicating that it positively influences IGF-1 levels. Overall, while physical exercise has a significant effect on BDNF and IGF-1, more research is needed to fully understand its impact on vascular endothelial growth factor and to investigate how individual characteristics may influence exercise outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Behrad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Yazdani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Saeed Hayati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani
- Department of Sport Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.
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Cristi‐Montero C, Barriga V, Peña‐Jorquera H, Martínez‐Flores R, Espinoza‐Puelles JP, Flores Olivares LA, Quintana Mendias E, Enriquez‐del Castillo LA. Effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with dietary modifications, on working memory in overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review. Eur J Sport Sci 2024; 24:1350-1364. [PMID: 39172795 PMCID: PMC11369346 DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to establish the effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with dietary modifications, on working memory (WM) in individuals living with overweight and obesity. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Scopus, PubMed, Springer-Link, RefSeek, and Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant publications up to January 18, 2024. Data on participants' characteristics, intervention settings, and key outcomes related to WM were extracted. The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. A total of 15 articles met pre-established inclusion criteria, involving participants across nine countries with a range of 12-125 individuals and ages spanning from 6 to 80 years old. Among the studies analyzed, 10 exclusively investigated exercise interventions, whereas five explored the combined effects. Notably, 70% of the exercise interventions (7 out of 10) exhibited positive improvements in WM. Likewise, 60% of the combined interventions (3 out of 5) demonstrated favorable enhancements in WM. No differences were found between the two protocols. Common features between the protocols were identified and described. Both protocols showed favorable and promising effects on WM in this clinical population. Nonetheless, the limited evidence addressing the combination of exercise and diet in the same research approach reduces the generalizability of the findings. This review offers valuable insights for future clinical and research applications in people with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cristi‐Montero
- IRyS GroupPhysical Education SchoolPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Victoria Barriga
- Faculty of Physical Culture SciencesAutonomous University of ChihuahuaChihuahuaMexico
| | - Humberto Peña‐Jorquera
- IRyS GroupPhysical Education SchoolPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Ricardo Martínez‐Flores
- IRyS GroupPhysical Education SchoolPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
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Molska M, Mruczyk K, Cisek-Woźniak A, Prokopowicz W, Szydełko P, Jakuszewska Z, Marzec K, Trocholepsza M. The Influence of Intestinal Microbiota on BDNF Levels. Nutrients 2024; 16:2891. [PMID: 39275207 PMCID: PMC11397622 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulation of neurogenesis, the complex process of producing and differentiating new brain tissue cells, is influenced by a complex interaction of internal and external factors. Over the past decade, extensive research has been conducted on neurotrophins and their key role in adult neurogenesis, as well as their impact on diseases such as depression. Among neurotrophins, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been the subject of comprehensive studies on adult neurogenesis, and scientific evidence supports its necessity for neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of the hippocampus. A novel area of research is the emerging role of gut microbiota as a significant contributor to neurogenesis and neurotrophin production. Studies have shown that reduced BDNF levels can lead to mood disorders, which are observed in intestinal dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in the composition and quantity of the intestinal microbiota. There is evidence in the literature that there is a link between brain function and gut microbiota. Physical activity, and especially the regularity and intensity of exercise, is important in relation to the level of BDNF and the intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics and physical activity may have a positive effect on the intestinal microbiota, and therefore also on the level of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Molska
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Kinga Mruczyk
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Angelika Cisek-Woźniak
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Wojciech Prokopowicz
- GSP Clinic Limited Liability Company, Kostrzyńska Street 12, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Szydełko
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Zuzanna Jakuszewska
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Karolina Marzec
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Martyna Trocholepsza
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzow Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; (K.M.); (A.C.-W.); (P.S.); (Z.J.); (K.M.); (M.T.)
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Erb C, Erb C, Kazakov A, Kapanova G, Weisser B. Lifestyle Changes in Aging and their Potential Impact on POAG. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2024. [PMID: 39191386 DOI: 10.1055/a-2372-3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma is a primary mitochondrial disease with oxidative stress triggering neuroinflammation, eventually resulting in neurodegeneration. This affects many other areas of the brain in addition to the visual system. Aging also leads to inflammaging - a low-grade chronic inflammatory reaction in mitochondrial dysfunction, so these inflammatory processes overlap in the aging process and intensify pathophysiological processes associated with glaucoma. Actively counteracting these inflammatory events involves optimising treatment for any manifest systemic diseases while maintaining chronobiology and improving the microbiome. Physical and mental activity also provides support. This requires a holistic approach towards optimising neurodegeneration treatment in primary open angle glaucoma in addition to reducing intraocular pressure according personalised patient targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Erb
- Augenklinik am Wittenbergplatz, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - Avaz Kazakov
- External Relations and Development, Salymbekov University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Medical Faculty of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Batman GB, Cooper CB, Traylor MK, Ransom KV, Hill EC, Hill BD, Keller JL. Various modalities of resistance exercise promote similar acute cognitive improvements and hemodynamic increases in young, healthy adults. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 7:100363. [PMID: 39252851 PMCID: PMC11381452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to examine the effects of modalities of acute resistance exercise (RE) on cognition and hemodynamics including internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow (BF). Twenty adults completed familiarization and experimental visits. One-repetition maximum (1RM) for bilateral leg extension was quantified, and baseline executive functioning was determined from three run-in visits. Subsequent visits included three randomized, volume-equated, acute exercise bouts of 30 %1RM+blood flow restriction (BFR), 30 %1RM, and 70 %1RM. Both 30 %1RM trials completed four sets of exercise (1 × 30, 3 × 15), and the 70 %1RM condition completed four sets of 8 repetitions. BFR was induced with 40 % of the pressure to occlude the femoral arteries. 11 min following each exercise, participants completed the Stroop and Shifting Attention Tests. Baseline and post-exercise values were used to calculate change scores. The resulting mean change scores were evaluated with mixed factorial ANOVAs. A p≤0.05 was considered significant. All measured outcome variables increased in response to exercise. The ANOVAs for cognitive scores indicated no significant (p>0.05) interactions. For cognitive flexibility and executive function index, there were main effects of Sex. Change scores of the females were significantly greater than the males for cognitive flexibility (7.6 ± 5.9 vs. -2.6 ± 8.4 au; p=0.007) and executive function index (7.4 ± 4.6 vs. -2.5 ± 6.5 au; p=0.001). For ICA BF, there was no significant interaction or any main effect. The females exhibited a smaller exercise-induced increase in blood pressure compared to the males (17.7 ± 5.9 vs. 11.0 ± 4.1 mmHg; p=0.010). Each RE modality yielded acute improvements in cognition, but only for females. There were no cognitive improvements related to BFR such that each RE bout yielded similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve B Batman
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Christian B Cooper
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Miranda K Traylor
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Kyndall V Ransom
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ethan C Hill
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Exercise Physiology Intervention and Collaboration (EPIC) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin D Hill
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Joshua L Keller
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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Karamti MH, Zouhal H, Bousselmi M, Darragi M, Khannous H, Ben Hmid A, Zamali I, Ben Ahmed M, Laher I, Granacher U, Moussa AZB. Changes in Physical Fitness, Muscle Damage and Cognitive Function in Elite Rugby Players over a Season. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:223. [PMID: 39195599 PMCID: PMC11360730 DOI: 10.3390/sports12080223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study proposes to monitor the physical, immune and cognitive responses and adaptations of elite rugby players throughout the season based on the loads performed. Anthropometric measurements, physical fitness tests (e.g., muscle strength and power, linear and change-of-direction speed, cardiorespiratory fitness) and analyses of serum concentrations of markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were carried out over a sporting season (24 weeks) for 17 elite rugby players (10 forwards and 7 backs) aged 18.91 ± 0.76 years. The physical fitness test results show improvements in the performance of both forwards and backs over the season (p < 0.05), with an advantage for backs compared with forwards in most tests (p < 0.05). Muscle damage markers decreased at the end of the season compared with the baseline levels for forwards (p < 0.05). CK levels were unchanged for the backs, but there were increased LDH concentrations at the end of the season compared with baseline (p < 0.05). Serum BDNF levels decreased for the total group between the second and third sampling (p < 0.05). The muscular and physical capacities of rugby players differ according to their playing position. Immune responses and adaptations, as well as BDNF levels, vary throughout the season and depend on the physical load performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Houssem Karamti
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of SFAX, University of Sfax, Sfax 3027, Tunisia; (M.H.K.); (M.B.)
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) “Sport Performance, Health & Society”, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Movement, Sport, Health and Sciences Laboratory (M2S), UFR APS, University of Rennes 2-ENS Cachan, Av. Charles Tillon, CEDEX, 35044 Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850 Irodouer, France
| | - Mariem Bousselmi
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of SFAX, University of Sfax, Sfax 3027, Tunisia; (M.H.K.); (M.B.)
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) “Sport Performance, Health & Society”, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Manel Darragi
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of SFAX, University of Sfax, Sfax 3027, Tunisia; (M.H.K.); (M.B.)
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) “Sport Performance, Health & Society”, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | | | - Ahlem Ben Hmid
- Clinical Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia; (A.B.H.)
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Imen Zamali
- Clinical Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia; (A.B.H.)
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Mélika Ben Ahmed
- Clinical Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia; (A.B.H.)
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amira Zouita Ben Moussa
- Research Laboratory (LR23JS01) “Sport Performance, Health & Society”, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis 1000, Tunisia
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Rotondo R, Padua E, Annino G, Guescini M, Donati-Zeppa S, Goffredo M, Stocchi V, Stocchi F, De Pandis MF. Dose-response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson's disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1412311. [PMID: 39022736 PMCID: PMC11251892 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1412311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise has been proposed as the "Universal Prescription for Parkinson's Disease"; however, the specificity of exercise dose in terms of frequency, intensity, duration, and type to be prescribed remains to be elucidated. The 2018 US updated guidelines and WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior recommend older adults (> 65+ years) to achieve weekly minimal activity levels, indicating the intensity of aerobic exercise as the metabolic equivalent of task and duration as minutes/week (150-300 min/week at a moderate intensity of 3-5.9 MET- or 75-150 min/week of a vigorous intensity of ≥6 MET). Translating these recommendations to PD patients, the study aimed to assess the dose-response effects of standardized volume of structured exercise, measured as METs-minutes/week (weekly energy expenditure) of two different rehabilitation settings to quantify the change in neurotrophic factors. The exercise-induced benefits between the two rehabilitation settings will be evaluated based on motor and non-motor symptoms, kinematic parameters of gait, cognitive function, quality of life, and cortical activity and brain connectivity. Methods METEX-PD is a pilot, prospective, observational, cohort study. The study will enroll consecutively thirty (N = 30) participants with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease diagnosis to be assigned to a non-intensive or intensive rehabilitation group. The non-intensive rehabilitation group will achieve a range of 180-270 METs-min/week (90 min/week of low-intensity aerobic exercise, 2-3 METs), while the intensive rehabilitation group will exercise at 1350-1980 METs-min/week (225 min/week of high-intensity aerobic exercise, 6-8.8 METs). The METEX-PD trial will last 12 weeks, including 4 weeks of aerobic training program and two follow-ups. Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0), at the end of the exercise program (T1-end of the program), and 4- and 8 weeks after the end of the training program (FU-1 and FU-2). The primary outcome is the change from baseline in peripheral blood BDNF levels. Secondary outcomes are differences in peripheral biomarkers, functional-motor assessments, clinical-functional evaluations, and brain imaging. Conclusion METEX-PD trial will enable us to estimate the change in BDNF levels and other peripheral biomarkers under precise exercise-induced energy expenditure. The primary results of the METEX-PD study will allow the development of a larger multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the molecular pathways inducing the change in selected neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, IGF-1, or irisin, and the downstream mechanisms of neuroplasticity in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvira Padua
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annino
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Center of Space Bio-Medicine, Department of Medicine Systems, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Donati-Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michela Goffredo
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurological and Rehabilitation Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stocchi
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurological and Rehabilitation Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca De Pandis
- San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
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Ikegami R, Inoue T, Takamatsu Y, Nishio T, Fukuchi M, Haga S, Ozaki M, Maejima H. In vivo bioluminescence imaging revealed the change of the time window of BDNF expression in the brain elicited by a single bout of exercise following repeated exercise. Neurosci Lett 2024; 834:137830. [PMID: 38788795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Exercise increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain and contributes to cognitive and sensorimotor functions. This study aimed to elucidate how repeated exercise modifies BDNF expression elicited by a single bout of exercise in the brain using in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Bdnf-luciferase (Luc) mice with the firefly luciferase gene inserted at the translation start point of the Bdnf gene were used for BLI to monitor changes in BDNF expression in the brain. The treadmill exercise at a speed of 10 m/s for 60 min was repeated 5 days a week for 4 weeks. BLI in individual subjects was repeated four times: before the exercise intervention, on the first exercise day, and 14 and 28 days after the start of the intervention. Each BLI was performed after a single bout of exercise and monitored for 8 h after exercise. Repetitive BLI showed that the exercise regimen enhanced BDNF expression in the brain, specifically at 4-8 h after a single bout of exercise. Repeated exercise for 2 weeks accelerated the start of enhancement after a single bout of exercise, but not after 4 weeks of repeated exercise. This study showed that repeated exercise modulated the time window of exercise-enhanced BDNF expression, suggesting that repeated exercise could change the sensitivity of gene expression to a single bout of exercise. These findings can be attributed to the advantages of in vivo BLI, which allowed us to precisely measure the time course of BDNF expression after repeated exercise in individual subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ikegami
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Takamatsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Taichi Nishio
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mamoru Fukuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Sanae Haga
- Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Michitaka Ozaki
- Department of Biological Response and Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maejima
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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Alanazi MA. The Role of Physical Activity in Adjunctive Nursing Management of Neuro-Degenerative Diseases among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Interventional Studies. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:597. [PMID: 38792618 PMCID: PMC11122640 DOI: 10.3390/life14050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Parkinson's disease pose significant challenges to older adults globally. While pharmacological treatments remain primary, increasing evidence supports the role of non-pharmacological strategies like physical activity in managing these conditions. This systematic review critically evaluates the effectiveness of Nursing based physical activity interventions in improving cognitive function, physical functioning, mobility, and overall quality of life among older adults with neurodegenerative diseases. We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and other relevant databases, focusing on randomized controlled trials and observational studies that examined the impact of structured physical activity. Our findings from nineteen studies involving 1673 participants indicate that interventions ranging from aerobic exercises, resistance training, to mind-body exercises like Tai Chi and yoga have beneficial effects. Specifically, physical activity was consistently found to enhance cognitive performance, increase mobility, and improve balance and daily living activities, contributing to a better quality of life. However, these benefits vary depending on the type, intensity, and duration of the activity performed. Despite promising results, limitations such as small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, and short-term follow-up periods call for more robust, long-term studies to solidify these findings. This review underscores the potential of tailored physical activity programs as adjunctive therapy in the comprehensive management of neurodegenerative diseases among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Awad Alanazi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Ceylan Hİ, Silva AF, Ramirez-Campillo R, Murawska-Ciałowicz E. Exploring the Effect of Acute and Regular Physical Exercise on Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Individuals with Obesity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:323. [PMID: 38785805 PMCID: PMC11117522 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern linked to cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein crucial for neuronal growth and survival, plays a vital role in brain function and plasticity. Notably, obese individuals tend to exhibit lower BDNF levels, potentially contributing to cognitive decline. Physical exercise offers health benefits, including improved circulating BDNF levels and cognitive function, but the specific impacts of acute versus regular exercise on circulating BDNF levels in obesity are unclear. Understanding this can guide interventions to enhance brain health and counter potential cognitive decline in obese individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of acute and regular physical exercise on circulating BDNF in individuals with obesity. The target population comprised individuals classified as overweight or obese, encompassing both acute and chronic protocols involving all training methods. A comprehensive search was conducted across computerized databases, including PubMed, Academic Search Complete, and Web of Science, in August 2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Initially, 98 studies were identified, from which 16 studies, comprising 23 trials, met the selection criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for both acute (I2 = 80.4%) and long-term effects (I2 = 88.7%), but low risk of bias for the included studies. A single session of exercise increased circulating BDNF levels among obese patients compared to the control group (ES = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.19 to 2.30, p = 0.021). However, with extended periods of physical exercise, there was no significant increase in circulating BDNF levels when compared to the control group (ES = 0.49, 95% CI = -0.08 to 1.06, p = 0.089). These findings highlight the need to consider exercise duration and type when studying neurobiological responses in obesity and exercise research. The study's results have implications for exercise prescription in obesity management and highlight the need for tailored interventions to optimize neurotrophic responses. Future research should focus on elucidating the adaptive mechanisms and exploring novel strategies to enhance BDNF modulation through exercise in this population. However, further research is needed considering limitations such as the potential age-related confounding effects due to diverse participant ages, lack of sex-specific analyses, and insufficient exploration of how specific exercise parameters (e.g., duration, intensity, type) impact circulating BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil İbrahim Ceylan
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago de Chile 7591538, Chile;
| | - Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
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11
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Liu C, Yan Q, Ding X, Zhao M, Chen C, Zheng Q, Yang H, Xie Y. Functional modification of recombinant brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its protective effect against neurotoxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131610. [PMID: 38621565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic protein that promotes neuronal survival, increases neurotransmitter synthesis, and has potential therapeutic effects in neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, but its drug development has been limited by the fact that recombinant proteins of BDNF are unstable and do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this study, we fused a TAT membrane-penetrating peptide with BDNF to express a recombinant protein (TBDNF), which was then PEG-modified to P-TBDNF. Protein characterization showed that P-TBDNF significantly improved the stability of the recombinant protein and possessed the ability to penetrate the BBB, and in cellular experiments, P-TBDNF prevented MPTP-induced nerve cell oxidative stress damage, apoptosis and inflammatory response, and its mechanism of action was closely related to the activation of tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor and inhibition of microglia activation. In animal experiments, P-TBDNF improved motor and cognitive deficits in MPTP mice and inhibited pathological changes in Parkinson's disease (PD). In conclusion, this paper is expected to reveal the mechanism of action of P-TBDNF in inhibiting neurotoxicity, provide a new way for treating PD, and lay the foundation for the future development of recombinant P-TBDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China.
| | - Qi Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xuying Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Meijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical College, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian university, Yanji, Jilin 133002, PR China
| | - Qian Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Huiying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China
| | - Yining Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, PR China
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12
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Saheli M, Moshrefi M, Baghalishahi M, Mohkami A, Firouzi Y, Suzuki K, Khoramipour K. Cognitive Fitness: Harnessing the Strength of Exerkines for Aging and Metabolic Challenges. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:57. [PMID: 38393277 PMCID: PMC10891799 DOI: 10.3390/sports12020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Addressing cognitive impairment (CI) represents a significant global challenge in health and social care. Evidence suggests that aging and metabolic disorders increase the risk of CI, yet promisingly, physical exercise has been identified as a potential ameliorative factor. Specifically, there is a growing understanding that exercise-induced cognitive improvement may be mediated by molecules known as exerkines. This review delves into the potential impact of aging and metabolic disorders on CI, elucidating the mechanisms through which various exerkines may bolster cognitive function in this context. Additionally, the discussion extends to the role of exerkines in facilitating stem cell mobilization, offering a potential avenue for improving cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Saheli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mandana Moshrefi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran;
| | - Masoumeh Baghalishahi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Amirhossein Mohkami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran;
| | - Yaser Firouzi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman 7616913439, Iran;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran
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13
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Eleiwa NZH, Elsayed ASF, Said EN, Metwally MMM, Abd-Elhakim YM. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate alters neurobehavioral responses and oxidative status, architecture, and GFAP and BDNF signaling in juvenile rat's brain: Protective role of Coenzyme10. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114372. [PMID: 38113957 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a phthalate plasticizer, is widely spread in the environment, presenting hazards to human health and food safety. Hence, this study examined the probable preventive role of coenzyme10 (CQ10) (10 mg/kg.b.wt) against DEHP (500 mg/kg.wt) - induced neurotoxic and neurobehavioral impacts in juvenile (34 ± 1.01g and 3 weeks old) male Sprague Dawley rats in 35-days oral dosing trial. The results indicated that CQ10 significantly protected against DEHP-induced memory impairment, anxiety, depression, spatial learning disorders, and repetitive/stereotypic-like behavior. Besides, the DEHP-induced depletion in dopamine and gamma amino butyric acid levels was significantly restored by CQ10. Moreover, CQ10 significantly protected against the exhaustion of CAT, GPx, SOD, GSH, and GSH/GSSG ratio, as well as the increase in malondialdehyde, Caspas-3, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha brain content accompanying with DEHP exposure. Furthermore, CQ10 significantly protected the brain from the DEHP-induced neurodegenerative alterations. Also, the increased immunoexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, not glial fibrillary acidic protein, in the cerebral, hippocampal, and cerebellar brain tissues due to DEHP exposure was alleviated with CQ10. This study's findings provide conclusive evidence that CQ10 has the potential to be used as an efficient natural protective agent against the neurobehavioral and neurotoxic consequences of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Z H Eleiwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Alaa S F Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Enas N Said
- Department of Behaviour and Management of Animal, Poultry and Aquatic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, Egypt; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Rodríguez-Gutiérrez E, Torres-Costoso A, Saz-Lara A, Bizzozero-Peroni B, Guzmán-Pavón MJ, Sánchez-López M, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14496. [PMID: 37728896 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as an alternative training method to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, a crucial molecule involved in plastic brain changes. Its effect compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is controversial. We aimed to estimate, and to comparatively evaluate, the acute and chronic effects on peripheral BDNF levels after a HIIT, MICT intervention or a control condition in adults. METHODS The CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, PEDro, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to June 30, 2023. A network meta-analysis was performed to assess the acute and chronic effects of HIIT versus control condition, HIIT versus MICT and MICT versus control condition on BDNF levels. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for RCTs using a random-effects model. RESULTS A total of 22 RCTs were selected for the systematic review, with 656 participants (aged 20.4-79 years, 34.0% females) and 20 were selected for the network meta-analysis. Network SMD estimates were significant for HIIT versus control condition (1.49, 95% CI: 0.61, 2.38) and MICT versus control condition (1.08, 95% CI: 0.04, 2.12) for acutely BDNF increase. However, pairwise comparisons only resulted in a significant effect for HIIT versus control condition. CONCLUSIONS HIIT is the best training modality for acutely increasing peripheral BDNF levels in adults. HIIT may effectively increase BDNF levels in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Torres-Costoso
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Alicia Saz-Lara
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | | | - Mairena Sánchez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
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15
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Zhang M, An H, Gu Z, Zhang YC, Wan T, Jiang HR, Zhang FS, Jiang BG, Han N, Wen YQ, Zhang PX. Multifunctional wet-adhesive chitosan/acrylic conduit for sutureless repair of peripheral nerve injuries. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126793. [PMID: 37709238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is high worldwide, and a poor prognosis is common. Surgical closure and repair of the affected area are crucial to ensure the effective treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Despite being the standard treatment approach, reliance on sutures to seal the severed nerve ends introduces several limitations and restrictions. This technique is intricate and time-consuming, and the application of threading and punctate sutures may lead to tissue damage and heightened tension concentrations, thus increasing the risk of fixation failure and local inflammation. This study aimed to develop easily implantable chitosan-based peripheral nerve repair conduits that combine acrylic acid and cleavable N-hydroxysuccinimide to reduce nerve damage during repair. In ex vivo tissue adhesion tests, the conduit achieved maximal interfacial toughness of 705 J m-2 ± 30 J m-2, allowing continuous bridging of the severed nerve ends. Adhesive repair significantly reduces local inflammation caused by conventional sutures, and the positive charge of chitosan disrupts the bacterial cell wall and reduces implant-related infections. This promises to open new avenues for sutureless nerve repair and reliable medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Heng An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhen Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yi-Chong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Teng Wan
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Hao-Ran Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Feng-Shi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Bao-Guo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Na Han
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
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16
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Fioranelli M, Garo ML, Roccia MG, Prizbelek B, Sconci FR. Brain-Heart Axis: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cardiovascular Disease-A Review of Systematic Reviews. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2252. [PMID: 38137853 PMCID: PMC10744648 DOI: 10.3390/life13122252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain-heart axis is an intra- and bidirectional complex that links central nervous system dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction. In recent decades, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a strategic molecule involved in both brain and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This systematic review of systematic reviews aimed to (1) identify and summarize the evidence for the BDNF genotype and BDNF concentration in CVD risk assessment, (2) evaluate the evidence for the use of BDNF as a biomarker of CVD recovery, and (3) evaluate rehabilitation approaches that can restore BDNF concentration. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was developed using PRISMA. The risk of bias was assessed via ROBIS. RESULTS Seven studies were identified, most of which aimed to evaluate the role of BDNF in stroke patients. Only two systematic reviews examined the association of BDNF concentration and polymorphism in CVDs other than stroke. CONCLUSIONS The overall evidence showed that BDNF plays a fundamental role in assessing the risk of CVD occurrence, because lower BDNF concentrations and rs6265 polymorphism are often associated with CVD. Nevertheless, much work remains to be carried out in current research to investigate how BDNF is modulated in different cardiovascular diseases and in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Fioranelli
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Maria Luisa Garo
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
| | - Maria Grazia Roccia
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy; (M.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Bianca Prizbelek
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
| | - Francesca Romana Sconci
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, 00199 Rome, Italy; (B.P.); (F.R.S.)
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Bang-Kittilsen G, Egeland J, Ueland T, Andersen E, Bigseth TT, Holmen TL, Mordal J, Holst R, Engh JA. The relationship between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurocognitive response to physical exercise in individuals with schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 157:106356. [PMID: 37562099 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical exercise can improve neurocognition in individuals with schizophrenia, presumably by facilitating neuroplasticity. There is, however, large inter-individual variation in response. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been proposed to mediate these effects. The current aim was to investigate the sparsely studied relationship between peripheral resting BDNF and neurocognitive response to physical exercise in individuals with schizophrenia. METHOD The current study reports secondary analyses of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), ClinicalTrials.gov number 02205684, recently reported according to the CONSORT guidelines. Eighty-two individuals with schizophrenia (mean age 37 ± 14 years old, 61% men) were randomly allocated to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or a comparison group performing low-intensity active video gaming (AVG). Both interventions consisted of 2 sessions/week for 12 weeks. In previously published primary RCT analyses, HIIT and AVG showed comparable small to moderate improvements in neurocognition. We now address the inter-individual variability in neurocognitive response. We apply mediation and moderation analyses for repeated measures designs (MEMORE) and mixed effects models. RESULTS Baseline neurocognition was not significantly correlated with baseline levels of mature BDNF (baseline-mBDNF) or the precursor proBDNF. Nonetheless, baseline-mBDNF, but not baseline proBDNF, moderated the effect of exercise on neurocognition (p = 0.025) and explained 7% of the variance. The neurocognitive improvement increased with increasing baseline-mBDNF values. The moderating effect of baseline-mBDNF remained significant in a more complex model adding the moderating effects of exercise mode, sex, age, duration of illness and baseline VO2max on the outcome (neurocognition). Mean baseline-mBDNF significantly decreased from baseline to post-intervention (p = 0.036), regardless of exercise mode, differing by sex and associated with improved VO2max but not with change in neurocognition. A mediating role of mBDNF on the effect of physical exercise on neurocognition was not supported. Values of proBDNF mainly remained stable from baseline to post-intervention. CONCLUSION We found that baseline-mBDNF moderated the effect of physical exercise on neurocognition in individuals with schizophrenia and explained a small part of the inter-individual variation in neurocognitive response. Mean mBDNF decreased from baseline to post-intervention, regardless of exercise mode. A mediating role of mBDNF on the effect of exercise on neurocognition was not supported. The inter-individual variation in neurocognitive response and the complex role of peripheral BDNF in physical exercise is still to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gry Bang-Kittilsen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway.
| | - Jens Egeland
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
| | - Eivind Andersen
- Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of Southeast Norway, Horten, Norway
| | | | - Tom Langerud Holmen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
| | - Jon Mordal
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
| | - René Holst
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - John Abel Engh
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tonsberg, Norway
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Marijančić V, Grubić Kezele T, Peharec S, Dragaš-Zubalj N, Pavičić Žeželj S, Starčević-Klasan G. Relationship between Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior, Spinal Curvatures, Endurance and Balance of the Trunk Muscles-Extended Physical Health Analysis in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6938. [PMID: 37887676 PMCID: PMC10606682 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with poor well-being in young people with adverse effects extending into adulthood. To date, there are many studies investigating the relationship between physical activity (PA) and posture, but there are no data on the relationship between the type and intensity of PA and sedentary behavior, their association with thoracic and lumbar spine angles, and with endurance and balance of the trunk muscles, especially in healthy young adults aged 18-25 years. Moreover, there are no data on the relationship between PA and sedentary behavior and musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary health, as well as quality of life (QoL) and sleep that would provide a more comprehensive picture of physical health status. AIM Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior are associated with each other and with changes in spinal curvatures, endurance and balance of trunk muscles in an extended analysis of physical health status in young adults aged 18-25 years by additionally including measures of body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, and QoL and sleep. METHODS A total of 82 students (58% female, 42% male) aged 18-25 years completed all required tests. Primary outcome measures included the following: PA and sedentary behavior calculated from the long form of International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF), spinal curvatures measured by a Spinal Mouse® device, endurance and balance of the trunk muscles measured using trunk endurance tests and their ratio. RESULTS Overall, 50% of students were classified as minimally active and 50% as health-enhancing PA (HEPA) active. The angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis showed no correlation with PA or time spent sitting. However, students with the lowest PA had significantly higher scores on the trunk extensor endurance test and trunk extensor/flexor endurance test ratio, indicating imbalanced trunk muscles. Moreover, these students spent the most their time sitting. Only PA of vigorous intensity and PA during recreation, leisure, and sports significantly correlated with QoL related to physical health. QoL related to physical and psychosocial health had significantly higher scores when students spent less time sitting. In addition, we found significantly better respiratory performance and SQ at higher PA values, i.e., PA during recreation, leisure, and sport. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that students with low PA levels and more time spent sitting have imbalanced trunk muscles, worse respiratory function, and poorer QoL and sleep. Moreover, these findings in college students may reflect their lifestyle and suggest that more PA needs to be promoted to prevent the development of chronic diseases including musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Marijančić
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Tanja Grubić Kezele
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Hospital Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stanislav Peharec
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (V.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Nataša Dragaš-Zubalj
- Department of School and University Medicine, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Gordana Starčević-Klasan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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Kettinen J, Tikkanen H, Hiltunen M, Murray A, Horn N, Taylor WR, Venojärvi M. Cognitive and biomarker responses in healthy older adults to a 18-hole golf round and different walking types: a randomised cross-over study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001629. [PMID: 37860153 PMCID: PMC10582962 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The global burden of age-related cognitive decline is increasing, with the number of people aged 60 and over expected to double by 2050. This study compares the acute effects of age-appropriate cognitively demanding aerobic exercises involving walking, on cognitive functions and exerkine responses such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cathepsin B (CTSB) in older, healthy adults. Methods/design Healthy older golfers (n=25, 16 male and 9 female, 69±4 years) were enrolled in a 5-day randomised cross-over study and completed three different exercise trials (18-hole golf round, 6 km Nordic walking, 6 km walking) in a real-life environment, in random order and at a self-selected pace. Differences in cognition (the Trail-Making Test (TMT) AB) and exerkines (BDNF and CTSB) were analysed within groups using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results All exercise types resulted in a significant decrease in the TMT A-test (p<0.05; golf: -4.43±1.5 s, Nordic walking: -4.63±1.6 s, walking: -6.75±2.26 s), where Nordic walking and walking demonstrated a decrease in the TMT B-test (p<0.05; Nordic walking: -9.62±7.2 s, walking: -7.55±3.2 s). In addition, all exercise types produced significant decreases in the TMT AB test scores (p<0.05), and Nordic walking (p=0.035) showed decreases in the TMTB-TMTA-test. There were no immediate postexercise changes in the levels of BDNF or CTSB. Conclusion Acute bouts of golf, Nordic walking and walking improved cognitive functions irrespective of exerkines in healthy older adults. In addition, Nordic walking and walking in general enhanced executive functions. No significant effects were seen on the levels of BDNF and CTSB. Trial registration number ISRCTN10007294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kettinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tikkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Andrew Murray
- Edinburgh Sports Medicine Research Network & UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport (UKCCIIS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical and Scientific Department, The R&A, St Andrews, UK
| | - Nils Horn
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Cefis M, Chaney R, Wirtz J, Méloux A, Quirié A, Leger C, Prigent-Tessier A, Garnier P. Molecular mechanisms underlying physical exercise-induced brain BDNF overproduction. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1275924. [PMID: 37868812 PMCID: PMC10585026 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1275924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports that physical exercise (EX) is the most effective non-pharmacological strategy to improve brain health. EX prevents cognitive decline associated with age and decreases the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. These positive effects of EX can be attributed to an increase in neurogenesis and neuroplastic processes, leading to learning and memory improvement. At the molecular level, there is a solid consensus to involve the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as the crucial molecule for positive EX effects on the brain. However, even though EX incontestably leads to beneficial processes through BDNF expression, cellular sources and molecular mechanisms underlying EX-induced cerebral BDNF overproduction are still being elucidated. In this context, the present review offers a summary of the different molecular mechanisms involved in brain's response to EX, with a specific focus on BDNF. It aims to provide a cohesive overview of the three main mechanisms leading to EX-induced brain BDNF production: the neuronal-dependent overexpression, the elevation of cerebral blood flow (hemodynamic hypothesis), and the exerkine signaling emanating from peripheral tissues (humoral response). By shedding light on these intricate pathways, this review seeks to contribute to the ongoing elucidation of the relationship between EX and cerebral BDNF expression, offering valuable insights into the potential therapeutic implications for brain health enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cefis
- Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Remi Chaney
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Wirtz
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Méloux
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Aurore Quirié
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Clémence Leger
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Prigent-Tessier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Garnier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
- Département Génie Biologique, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Dijon, France
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21
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Dehghani F, Abdollahi S, Shidfar F, Clark CCT, Soltani S. Probiotics supplementation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:942-952. [PMID: 35996352 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An emerging body of evidence has demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics on various mental health conditions. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we sought to examine the effects of probiotics supplementation on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in adults. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched, from database inception to April 2021, for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We pooled mean differences and standard deviations from RCTs using random-effect models. RESULTS Overall, meta-analysis of 11 trials (n = 648 participants) showed no significant changes in serum level of BDNF following probiotics. However, subgroup analysis revealed that probiotics increased BDNF levels in individuals suffering from neurological disorders (n = 214 participants; WMD = 3.08 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.83, 4.34; P = 0.001; I2 = 7.5%; P-heterogeneity 0.34), or depression (n = 268 participants; WMD = 0.77 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.47; P = 0.032; I2 = 88.4%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant increase in BDNF levels was found in studies that administered the mixture of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, and were conducted in Asia . CONCLUSION Our main findings suggest that probiotics may be effective in elevating BDNF levels in patients with depression and neurological disorders, and a mixed of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium appear to show greater efficacy than the single genus supplement. The low quality of evidence reduces clinical advocacy, and indicates that more large-scale, high-quality, RCTs are needed to facilitate reliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Dehghani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of nutrition, School of public health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Teharn, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Rocha-Gomes A, Alvarenga E Castro TP, Almeida PR, Balsamão Paes Leme PS, da Silva AA, Riul TR, Bastos CP, Leite HR. High-intensity interval training improves long-term memory and increases hippocampal antioxidant activity and BDNF levels in ovariectomized Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114605. [PMID: 37517574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is the period in which women cease to produce the hormone estrogen, which can trigger physiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes. In this context, alternatives are needed that can reduce the effects provided by menopause, specifically in terms of cognitive and behavioral aspects. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an exercise protocol that has shown the potential to improve cognition by promoting an increase in antioxidant defenses and BDNF levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HIIT on behavior and hippocampal neurochemistry in ovariectomized adult rats. Four groups of rats were divided into: females without ovariectomy surgery and sedentary (SHAM-SED); females with ovariectomy surgery and sedentary (OVX-SED); females without ovariectomy surgery and trained (SHAM-HIIT); females with ovariectomy surgery and trained (OVX-HIIT). After the surgical procedure and the HIIT protocol, the animals underwent anxiety (elevated plus maze and open field) and memory (novel object recognition) tests. Corticosterone was measured in blood and BDNF levels and redox status were evaluated in the hippocampus. The OVX-SED group showed low BDNF levels and antioxidant enzymes, which may be linked to the observed memory impairments. The HIIT protocol (SHAM-HIIT and OVX-HIIT groups) increased the BDNF levels and antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus, improving the animals' memory. However, HIIT also led to increased plasma corticosterone and anxiety-like behaviors. The ovariectomy procedure induced memory impairment probably due to reductions in hippocampal BDNF levels and redox imbalance. The HIIT protocol demonstrates promising results as an alternative to improve memory in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Rocha-Gomes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Pedro Rodrigues Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Silveira Balsamão Paes Leme
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Tania Regina Riul
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Perácio Bastos
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas de Curvelo (FACIC), Curvelo, MG, Brazil
| | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Zou L, Herold F, Ludyga S, Kamijo K, Müller NG, Pontifex MB, Heath M, Kuwamizu R, Soya H, Hillman CH, Ando S, Alderman BL, Cheval B, Kramer AF. Look into my eyes: What can eye-based measures tell us about the relationship between physical activity and cognitive performance? JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:568-591. [PMID: 37148971 PMCID: PMC10466196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest to understand the neurobiological mechanisms that drive the positive associations of physical activity and fitness with measures of cognitive performance. To better understand those mechanisms, several studies have employed eye-based measures (e.g., eye movement measures such as saccades, pupillary measures such as pupil dilation, and vascular measures such as retinal vessel diameter) deemed to be proxies for specific neurobiological mechanisms. However, there is currently no systematic review providing a comprehensive overview of these studies in the field of exercise-cognition science. Thus, this review aimed to address that gap in the literature. METHODS To identify eligible studies, we searched 5 electronic databases on October 23, 2022. Two researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (TESTEX scale, for interventional studies) and the critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute (for cross-sectional studies). RESULTS Our systematic review (n = 35 studies) offers the following main findings: (a) there is insufficient evidence available to draw solid conclusions concerning gaze-fixation-based measures; (b) the evidence that pupillometric measures, which are a proxy for the noradrenergic system, can explain the positive effect of acute exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive performance is mixed; (c) physical training- or fitness-related changes of the cerebrovascular system (operationalized via changes in retinal vasculature) are, in general, positively associated with cognitive performance improvements; (d) acute and chronic physical exercises show a positive effect based on an oculomotor-based measure of executive function (operationalized via antisaccade tasks); and (e) the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance is partly mediated by the dopaminergic system (operationalized via spontaneous eye-blink rate). CONCLUSION This systematic review offers confirmation that eye-based measures can provide valuable insight into the neurobiological mechanisms that may drive positive associations between physical activity and fitness and measures of cognitive performance. However, due to the limited number of studies utilizing specific methods for obtaining eye-based measures (e.g., pupillometry, retinal vessel analysis, spontaneous eye blink rate) or investigating a possible dose-response relationship, further research is necessary before more nuanced conclusions can be drawn. Given that eye-based measures are economical and non-invasive, we hope this review will foster the future application of eye-based measures in the field of exercise-cognition science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany.
| | - Fabian Herold
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, University of Basel, Basel 4052, Switzerland
| | - Keita Kamijo
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Chukyo University, Nagoya 466-8666, Japan
| | - Notger G Müller
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Matthew B Pontifex
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Matthew Heath
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 3K7, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ryuta Kuwamizu
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Department of Psychology, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Soichi Ando
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Brandon L Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Boris Cheval
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva 1205, Switzerland; Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression (E3Lab), Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Park M, Song R, Ju K, Shin JC, Seo J, Fan X, Gao X, Ryu A, Li Y. Effects of Tai Chi and Qigong on cognitive and physical functions in older adults: systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:352. [PMID: 37280512 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults experience age-related declines in physical and cognitive functions due to interactions between aging and chronic diseases. Tai Chi and Qigong (TCQ) might be beneficial in improving the physical function and delaying the cognitive decline of this population. The potential underlying mechanism was explored to determine the effects of TCQ on cognitive function via direct or indirect pathways. PURPOSE The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effects of TCQ on cognitive and physical functions in older adults using meta-analysis, and to determine the impact of TCQ on cognitive function while controlling for physical function using a meta-regression approach. METHODS A systematic search of 13 electronic databases (in English, Korean, and Chinese languages) identified 10,292 potentially eligible studies published between inception and May 2022. The bias in individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (version 2.0) tool. The heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using a 95% prediction interval, and the meta-analysis and meta-regression were implemented using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 3) software. RESULTS Our search identified 17 randomized studies (n = 2,365, mean age = 70.3 years). The results of the meta-analysis that used a random-effects model indicated that TCQ had significant effects on both cognitive (Hedges' g = 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.17 to 0.42) and physical (Hedges' g = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.44) functions. We used meta-regression to explore the effect size of TCQ in association with physical function level. The regression model was significant (Q = 25.01, p = .070), and 55% of the heterogeneity was explained by physical function as a moderator variable. The effects of TCQ on cognitive function remained significant in this model when controlling for the effect of physical function (β = 0.46, p = .011). CONCLUSION This meta-regression of 17 randomized studies strongly suggests that TCQ has beneficial effects on physical and cognitive functions in older adults. The effect of TCQ on cognitive function remained significant after taking into account the significant effects of physical function as a moderator. The findings imply the potential health benefits of TCQ by promoting cognitive function in older adults directly and indirectly through enhancing physical function. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: *PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, registration ID CRD42023394358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonkyoung Park
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhayun Song
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungok Ju
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jacqueline C Shin
- Indiana State University, Department of Psychology, Terre Haute, IN, 47802, USA
| | - Jisu Seo
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Fan
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Xianqi Gao
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyun Ryu
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuelin Li
- Chungnam National University, College of Nursing, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
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Mayor E. Neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting, calorie restriction and exercise: a review and annotated bibliography. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1161814. [PMID: 37334045 PMCID: PMC10273285 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1161814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, important progress has been achieved in the understanding of the neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting (IF), calorie restriction (CR) and exercise. Improved neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis (NSPAN) are essential examples of these neurotrophic effects. The importance in this respect of the metabolic switch from glucose to ketone bodies as cellular fuel has been highlighted. More recently, calorie restriction mimetics (CRMs; resveratrol and other polyphenols in particular) have been investigated thoroughly in relation to NSPAN. In the narrative review sections of this manuscript, recent findings on these essential functions are synthesized and the most important molecules involved are presented. The most researched signaling pathways (PI3K, Akt, mTOR, AMPK, GSK3β, ULK, MAPK, PGC-1α, NF-κB, sirtuins, Notch, Sonic hedgehog and Wnt) and processes (e.g., anti-inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis) that support or thwart neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis are then briefly presented. This provides an accessible entry point to the literature. In the annotated bibliography section of this contribution, brief summaries are provided of about 30 literature reviews relating to the neurotrophic effects of interest in relation to IF, CR, CRMs and exercise. Most of the selected reviews address these essential functions from the perspective of healthier aging (sometimes discussing epigenetic factors) and the reduction of the risk for neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease) and depression or the improvement of cognitive function.
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Physical activity for cognitive health promotion: An overview of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101868. [PMID: 36736379 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is one of the modifiable factors of cognitive decline and dementia with the strongest evidence. Although many influential reviews have illustrated the neurobiological mechanisms of the cognitive benefits of physical activity, none of them have linked the neurobiological mechanisms to normal exercise physiology to help the readers gain a more advanced, comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. In this review, we address this issue and provide a synthesis of the literature by focusing on five most studied neurobiological mechanisms. We show that the body's adaptations to enhance exercise performance also benefit the brain and contribute to improved cognition. Specifically, these adaptations include, 1), the release of growth factors that are essential for the development and growth of neurons and for neurogenesis and angiogenesis, 2), the production of lactate that provides energy to the brain and is involved in the synthesis of glutamate and the maintenance of long-term potentiation, 3), the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines that reduce neuroinflammation, 4), the increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzyme activity that reduce oxidative stress, and 5), the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and 5-HT that regulate neurogenesis and modulate cognition. We also discussed several issues relevant for prescribing physical activity, including what intensity and mode of physical activity brings the most cognitive benefits, based on their influence on the above five neurobiological mechanisms. We hope this review helps readers gain a general understanding of the state-of-the-art knowledge on the neurobiological mechanisms of the cognitive benefits of physical activity and guide them in designing new studies to further advance the field.
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Yalachkov Y, Anschütz V, Maiworm M, Jakob J, Schaller-Paule MA, Schäfer JH, Reiländer A, Friedauer L, Behrens M, Steffen F, Bittner S, Foerch C. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid BDNF concentrations are associated with neurological and cognitive improvement in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 71:104567. [PMID: 36805176 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers of disease activity have been intensively studied in multiple sclerosis (MS) but knowledge on predictors of disability improvement is limited. The aim of this pilot study was to explore whether increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in serum and CSF (sBDNF/cBDNF) precede neurological and cognitive improvement in MS. METHODS In this pilot, monocentric prospective cohort study we collected serum/CSF samples at baseline together with EDSS (n = 36) and cognitive testing (n = 34) in patients with relapsing-remitting/primary progressive MS or clinically isolated syndrome. BDNF was assessed in serum and CSF with a single molecule array (SIMOA) HD-1 analyser (Quanterix). Twelve months later EDSS and cognitive testing were repeated. BDNF concentrations of patients with vs. without disability or cognitive improvement (disability improvement: decrease in EDSS ≥ 0.5; cognitive improvement: average z-score increase in neuropsychological performance ≥ 0.5) were compared using univariate ANOVAs adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Compared to subjects without, patients with disability improvement had higher sBDNF at baseline (q = 0.04). Subjects with cognitive improvement had higher cBDNF at baseline than those without cognitive improvement (q = 0.004). Secondary analysis demonstrated significant correlations between sBDNF and EDSS change (q = 0.036), cBDNF and average z-score change (q = 0.04) and cBDNF and number of cognitive tests with improvement (q = 0.04), while controlling for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a possible role for BDNF in neurological and cognitive improvement in MS. These findings have to be confirmed in a larger sample but they already highlight the potential of BDNF as a biomarker for disability improvement and neuroplasticity in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavor Yalachkov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Victoria Anschütz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michelle Maiworm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jasmin Jakob
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin A Schaller-Paule
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Schäfer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Annemarie Reiländer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucie Friedauer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marion Behrens
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Falk Steffen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Bittner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Foerch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Neurology, RKH Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
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Ballesio A, Zagaria A, Curti DG, Moran R, Goadsby PJ, Rosenzweig I, Lombardo C. Peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 67:101738. [PMID: 36577338 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with emotional and cognitive functioning, and it is considered a transdiagnostic biomarker for mental disorders. Literature on insomnia related BDNF changes yielded contrasting results and it has never been synthetized using meta-analysis. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies examining the levels of peripheric BDNF in individuals with insomnia and healthy controls using the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched up to Nov 2022. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eight studies reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects models showed lower BDNF in subjects with insomnia (n = 446) than in controls (n = 706) (Hedge's g = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.39 to -0.32, p = .002). Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed that the pooled effect size was robust and not driven by any single study. However, given the small sample size, the cross-sectional nature of the measurement, and the high heterogeneity of included data, the results should be cautiously interpreted. Progress in the study of BDNF in insomnia is clinically relevant to better understand the mechanisms that may explain the relationship between disturbed sleep and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalyn Moran
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, UK
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, King's College London UK
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK; Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Abdulghani A, Poghosyan M, Mehren A, Philipsen A, Anderzhanova E. Neuroplasticity to autophagy cross-talk in a therapeutic effect of physical exercises and irisin in ADHD. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:997054. [PMID: 36776770 PMCID: PMC9909442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.997054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive neuroplasticity is a pivotal mechanism for healthy brain development and maintenance, as well as its restoration in disease- and age-associated decline. Management of mental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) needs interventions stimulating adaptive neuroplasticity, beyond conventional psychopharmacological treatments. Physical exercises are proposed for the management of ADHD, and also depression and aging because of evoked brain neuroplasticity. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of muscle-brain cross-talk pinpoints the role of the myokine irisin in the mediation of pro-cognitive and antidepressant activity of physical exercises. In this review, we discuss how irisin, which is released in the periphery as well as derived from brain cells, may interact with the mechanisms of cellular autophagy to provide protein recycling and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling via glia-mediated control of BDNF maturation, and, therefore, support neuroplasticity. We propose that the neuroplasticity associated with physical exercises is mediated in part by irisin-triggered autophagy. Since the recent findings give objectives to consider autophagy-stimulating intervention as a prerequisite for successful therapy of psychiatric disorders, irisin appears as a prototypic molecule that can activate autophagy with therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhasan Abdulghani
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Henrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,*Correspondence: Alhasan Abdulghani,
| | - Mikayel Poghosyan
- Institute for Biology-Neurobiology, Freie University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aylin Mehren
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elmira Anderzhanova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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30
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Denche-Zamorano A, Basilio-Fernández B, Herrera-Guerrero P, Garcia-Gordillo MA, Castillo-Paredes A, Rojo-Ramos J, Gómez-Paniagua S, Barrios-Fernandez S. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Associations between Depression and Anxiety, Medication Use for These Diseases and Physical Activity Level in Spanish People with Hypertension. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1803. [PMID: 36767173 PMCID: PMC9914456 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) has a high prevalence in the overall population, affecting people's mental health. Physical Activity (PA) has proven to be an effective tool to improve mental health. This study analyzed the associations between Depression and Anxiety prevalence, medication use for these disorders (antidepressants and anxiolytics) and Physical Activity Level (PAL) in people with HTN. A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (ENSE2017) with a final sample of 3228 individuals over 15 years of age with HTN who resided in Spain. Data normality was assessed through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Associations between Depression and Anxiety prevalence, antidepressant and anxiolytic use and PAL were studied using a chi-square test. Possible differences between Depression and Anxiety prevalence and medication use according to the PAL were analyzed with a z-test for independent proportions. Depression or Anxiety and antidepressant and anxiolytic use odds ratios (OR) were calculated for every PAL group, taking the "Very Active" group as a reference. Risk factors were evaluated using multiple binary logistic regression. Dependency relationships were found between Depression and Anxiety prevalence, antidepressant and anxiolytic use and PAL (p < 0.001). The Inactive group displayed the highest prevalence and medication use according to their PAL (p < 0.05). Higher ORs for Depression or Anxiety and pharmacological treatments used were also found in the Inactive group compared to the other PAL groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Belinda Basilio-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, University Center of Plasencia, University of Extremadura, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Herrera-Guerrero
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | | | - Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
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31
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Zhang X, Ni L, Hu S, Yue B, Chen X, Yuan D, Wang T, Zhou Z. Polygonatum sibiricum ameliorated cognitive impairment of naturally aging rats through BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14510. [PMID: 36373352 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is high in the elderly population and seriously affects the quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the key neurotrophic proteins, and activation of BDNF-TrkB is considered an effective strategy to improve cognitive dysfunction during aging. In this study, administration of polygonatum sibiricum (PS) for 5 months effectively ameliorates the cognitive function, improving the Nissl body state in cortex and hippocampus in aging rats. In addition, PS can improve the synaptic structure and increase the number of synapses. Furthermore, PS reverses the reduction of synaptic plasticity-related proteins postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin during aging and up-regulates the expression of BDNF-TrkB. In conclusion, PS improves cognitive dysfunction and enhances synaptic plasticity in naturally aged rats by regulating the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway. PS has the potential to be developed as a novel and promising functional health food for the elderly. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polygonatum sibiricum (PS) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been included in the homologous plant of medicine and food. PS has been widely used to treat lung diseases, diabetes and antiaging in clinical. Studies have confirmed that PS can accelerate the repair and regeneration of damaged neurons, reverse the changes in synaptic structure, and improve the ability of learning and memory. Our study confirmed that PS significantly improved the cognitive function in aging rats. PS has great potential to be developed as a functional food for improving neurological function and anti-aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulan Zhang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ni
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Yue
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Enshi Source Technology Development Co., LTD, Enshi, P. R. China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, P. R. China.,Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P. R. China
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32
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Pinto-Escalona T, Valenzuela PL, Esteban-Cornejo I, Martínez-de-Quel Ó. Sport Participation and Academic Performance in Young Elite Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15651. [PMID: 36497726 PMCID: PMC9737165 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Strong evidence supports physical activity and fitness levels being positively associated with cognitive performance and overall academic performance in youth. This also applies to sports participation. However, whether participation in sports at the elite level is associated with greater academic performance remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the academic performance of young elite athletes to that of control students, as well as to analyze whether the type of sport mediates these results. Between 2010 and 2019, all students from the last Baccalaureate course of the Spanish Elite Sport High School-which also includes non-elite athletes and recreational athlete students, who were categorized as controls-participated in this study. Academic performance was assessed through both the grade point average of the two last Baccalaureate courses and through the average grades from the University Entrance Examinations. Athletes were categorized attending to different sport classifications. A total of 1126 adolescents (570 girls, 18.2 ± 0.6 years) participated in the study, of which 483 and 643 were categorized as elite athletes and control students, respectively. Elite athletes attained a lower overall academic performance than controls (p < 0.001), which was confirmed for both sexes (p < 0.001). These differences were separately confirmed for most academic subjects (p < 0.05), as well as when attending to different sport classifications (all p > 0.05). Young elite athletes attained a lower academic performance than their non-elite peers, regardless of their type of sport. These findings highlight the importance of programs aimed at facilitating dual careers among young elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Pinto-Escalona
- Didactics of Languages, Arts and Physical Education Department, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L. Valenzuela
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (IMAS12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Martínez-de-Quel
- Didactics of Languages, Arts and Physical Education Department, Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport (INEF), Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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33
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Preliminary results of the cross-sectional associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with coronary heart disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19685. [PMID: 36385629 PMCID: PMC9669050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to analyze the association of accelerometer-measured patterns of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. A total of 30 individuals (M = 69.5 years; 80% men) participated in this pre-post study that aimed to test a multi-behavioral intervention. All participants underwent standardized measurement of anthropometric variables, blood collection, self-administered survey, and accelerometer-based measurement of PA and SB over seven days. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. We applied separate multiple linear regression analysis to estimate the associations of baseline SB pattern measures, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA with serum BDNF (n = 29). Participants spent 508.7 ± 76.5 min/d in SB, 258.5 ± 71.2 min/d in light PA, and 21.2 ± 15.2 min/d in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Per day, individuals had 15.5 ± 3.2 numbers of 10-to-30 min bouts of SB (average length: 22.2 ± 2.1 min) and 3.4 ± 1.2 numbers of > 30 min bouts of SB (average length: 43.8 ± 2.4 min). Regression analysis revealed no significant associations between any of the accelerometer-based measures and serum BDNF. The findings of this study did not reveal an association of accelerometer-measured PA and SB pattern variables with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. In addition, our data revealed a considerable variation of PA and SB which should be considered in future studies.
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Li XL, Tao X, Li TC, Zhu ZM, Huang PL, Gong WJ. Cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention ameliorates cognitive decline in natural aging rats through reducing oxidative stress and enhancing synaptic plasticity. Exp Gerontol 2022; 169:111981. [PMID: 36270545 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of aging-related cognitive decline is increasing with population aging. It is urgent to explore ways to ameliorate aging-related cognitive decline. Cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention has shown beneficial effects on improving cognition in aging cohorts, but the mechanisms of the effects remain unclear. In this study, 18-month-old Sprague Dawley rats served as a model of natural aging. First, the performance in the Morris water maze test and the change in synaptophysin content in the hippocampus were used to investigate the cognitive decline of 18-month-old rats. Then, a batch of 18-month-old rats was treated with cognitive, exercise, or cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention for 12 weeks. The novel object recognition test was used to assess cognitive ability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting were used to detect the levels of oxidative stress molecules and synaptic plasticity-related proteins. We found that cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention improved the discrimination index of natural aging rats. After dual-task intervention, the expression levels of synaptophysin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were increased, and the expression level of lipid peroxide malondialdehyde was decreased. Furthermore, the effect of dual-task intervention on synaptic plasticity-related proteins and oxidative stress indicators was greater than that of single cognitive or exercise intervention. In conclusion, cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention can significantly ameliorate aging-related cognitive decline, and the improvement might be related to the reduction of oxidative stress and the enhancement of synaptic plasticity. The effect of cognitive-exercise dual-task intervention may be better than that of single cognitive or exercise intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Tao
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Cong Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Man Zhu
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Ling Huang
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Gong
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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35
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Physical activity trajectories, autonomic balance and cognitive function: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Prev Med 2022; 164:107291. [PMID: 36209818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in cognitive health. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Cardiac autonomic balance is influenced by PA and implicated in dementia pathogenesis. We examined whether autonomic balance mediates the association between PA and cognitive function. The sample included 1939 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study who completed cognitive testing after 30-year follow-up (baseline: mean age 25.2 ± 3.5y; 58% women; 43% Black). Moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was obtained in 7 consecutive examinations over 20 years (Year 0-Year 20). Cardiac autonomic balance was assessed at Year 20 via resting heart rate (RHR), standard deviation normal to normal (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify homogenous MVPA trajectory groups, and formal mediation analysis to test whether autonomic function indices mediate the association between MVPA trajectories and cognition. We identified three distinct PA trajectory patterns: (1) Below MVPA guidelines (n = 1122; 57.9%); (2) Meeting MVPA guidelines (n = 652; 33.6%); and (3) Exceeding MVPA guidelines (n = 165; 8.5%). Meeting and exceeding MVPA guidelines were related to better autonomic balance overall, and to improved semantic fluency performance. Statistically, the association between higher MVPA level and verbal ability was mediated by SDNN and RMSSD, but not by RHR. In our sample of young and middle-aged adults, higher MVPA levels over time were associated with better cardiac autonomic function, which explained some of the associations between PA trajectories and better cognition.
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36
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Traylor MK, Bauman AJ, Saiyasit N, Frizell CA, Hill BD, Nelson AR, Keller JL. An examination of the relationship among plasma brain derived neurotropic factor, peripheral vascular function, and body composition with cognition in midlife African Americans/Black individuals. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:980561. [PMID: 36092801 PMCID: PMC9453229 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.980561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
African American/Black individuals have been excluded from several lines of prominent neuroscience research, despite exhibiting disproportionately higher risk factors associated with the onset and magnitude of neurodegeneration. Therefore, the objective of the current investigation was to examine potential relationships among brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), peripheral vascular function, and body composition with cognition in a sample of midlife, African American/Black individuals. Midlife adults (men: n = 3, 60 ± 4 years; women: n = 9, 58 ± 5 years) were invited to complete two baseline visits separated by 4 weeks. Peripheral vascular function was determined by venous occlusion plethysmography, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition, and plasma was collected to quantify BDNF levels. The CNS Vital Signs computer-based test was used to provide scores on numerous cognitive domains. The principal results included that complex attention (r = 0.629) and processing speed (r = 0.734) were significantly (p < 0.05) related to the plasma BDNF values. However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) relationship between any vascular measure and any cognitive domain or BDNF value. Secondary findings included the relationship between lean mass and peak hyperemia (r = 0.758) as well as total hyperemia (r = 0.855). The major conclusion derived from these results was that there is rationale for future clinical trials to use interventions targeting increasing BDNF to potentially improve cognition. Additionally, these results strongly suggest that clinicians aiming to improve cognitive health via improvements in the known risk factor of vascular function should consider interventions capable of promoting the size and function of skeletal muscle, especially in the African American/Black population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda K. Traylor
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Allison J. Bauman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Napatsorn Saiyasit
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Carl A. Frizell
- Physician Assistant Sciences Program, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Hill
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Amy R. Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Joshua L. Keller
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
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Zhu J, Ge F, Zeng Y, Qu Y, Chen W, Yang H, Yang L, Fang F, Song H. Physical and Mental Activity, Disease Susceptibility, and Risk of Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study Based on UK Biobank. Neurology 2022; 99:e799-e813. [PMID: 35896434 PMCID: PMC9484730 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The association between patterns of physical/mental activity and dementia and how it is affected by disease susceptibility remains unknown. We aimed to examine the association between patterns of physical and mental activity and dementia and whether it can be modified by disease susceptibility to dementia. METHODS In a prospective cohort study based on UK Biobank, 501,376 dementia-free participants were recruited in 2006-2010 and followed from 1 year after the recruitment date until the end of 2019 for ascertainment of dementia. Data on physical (i.e., physical activity at leisure time, housework-related activity, and transportation) and mental (i.e., intelligence, social contact, and use of electronic device) activity were collected using questionnaires at recruitment. Cox models were used to estimate the associations of physical and mental activity-related items, as well as major activity patterns identified by principal component analysis, with the risk of dementia, adjusted for multiple confounders. The modification role of disease susceptibility on such associations was assessed through stratified analyses by the polygenic risk score (PRS) of dementia generated based on summary statistics of independent genome-wide association studies, by the APOE genotype, and by the self-reported family history of dementia. RESULTS The mean age at recruitment was 56.53, and 45.60% of the participants were male. During a mean follow-up of 10.66 years, 5,185 dementia cases were identified. When analyzed separately, multiple studied items related to physical and mental activity showed significant associations with the risk of dementia. The pattern analyses revealed that a higher level of adherence to activity patterns related to frequent vigorous and other exercises (hazard ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.59-0.71), housework-related activity (0.79, 0.72-0.85), and friend/family visit (0.85, 0.75-0.96) was associated with a lower risk of dementia. We obtained comparable results for vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease as well as in the stratified analyses by the PRS for dementia, APOE genotype, or family history of dementia. DISCUSSION Activity patterns more adherent to frequent vigorous and other exercises, housework-related activity, and friend/family visit were associated with a reduced risk of multiple types of dementia. Such associations are independent of disease susceptibility, highlighting the potential of these physical and mental activity patterns, as effective interventions, in the primary prevention of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Fenfen Ge
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Huazhen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Huan Song
- Department of Orthopedics (J.Z.), Orthopedic Research Institute (J.Z.), National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (J.Z.), West China Biomedical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Division of Nephrology (W.C.), Kidney Research Institute (W.C.), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center (W.C.), and Department of Anesthesiology (L.Y.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Medical Big Data Center (F.G., Y.Z., Y.Q., H.Y., H.S.), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.F.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and Center of Public Health Sciences (H.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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Brown BM, de Frutos Lucas J, Porter T, Frost N, Vacher M, Peiffer JJ, Laws SM. Non-Modifiable Factors as Moderators of the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Brain Volume: A Cross-Sectional UK Biobank Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1091-1101. [PMID: 35754269 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research suggests physical activity attenuates grey and white matter loss; however, there appears to be individual variability in this effect. Understanding factors that can influence the relationship between physical activity and brain volume may enable prediction of individual response. OBJECTIVE The current study examined the relationship between objectively-measured physical activity and brain volume; and whether this relationship is moderated by age, sex, or a priori candidate genetic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met, or apolipoprotein (APOE) ɛ4 allele carriage. METHODS Data from 10,083 men and women (50 years and over) of the UK Biobank were used to examine the study objectives. All participants underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan to quantify grey and white matter volumes, physical activity monitoring via actigraphy, and genotyping. RESULTS Physical activity was associated with total grey matter volume, total white matter volume, and right hippocampal volume. Only males had an association between higher physical activity levels and greater cortical grey matter volume, total grey matter volume, and right hippocampal volume. Age moderated the relationship between physical activity and white matter volume. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that in males, but not females, an association exists between objectively-measured physical activity and grey matter volume. Age may also play a role in impacting the relationship between physical activity and brain volume. Future research should evaluate longitudinal brain volumetrics to better understand the nature of age and sex-effects on the physical activity and brain volume relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda M Brown
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jaisalmer de Frutos Lucas
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, UPM-UCM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Tenielle Porter
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Natalie Frost
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Vacher
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Floreat, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeremiah J Peiffer
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simon M Laws
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,Collaborative Genomics and Translation Group, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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Maroofi A, Bagheri Rouch A, Naderi N, Damirchi A. Effects of two different exercise paradigms on cardiac function, BDNF-TrkB expression, and myocardial protection in the presence and absence of Western diet. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2022; 40:101022. [PMID: 35399608 PMCID: PMC8991101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB) signaling is a vital regulator of myocardial performance. Here, we tested the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on heart function, metabolic parameters, and serum/cardiac BDNF (with its TrkB receptor) in animals fed a Western (WD) or regular diet (ND). Further, myocardial expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) and cardioprotective molecule heme oxygens-1 (HO-1) were monitored. Methods Wistar rats were divided into HIIT, MICT, and sedentary (SED), all fed a WD or ND, for 12 weeks. Heart function, protein expression, and serum factors were assessed via echocardiography, western blotting, and ELISA, respectively. Results WD plus SED caused insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, visceral fat deposition, serum BDNF depletion as well as cardiac upregulation of IL-18 and downregulation of HO-1, without affecting, heart function and BDNF-TrkB expression. The cardiometabolic risk factors, serum BDNF losses, and IL-18 overexpression were similarly obviated by HIIT and MICT, although HO-1 expression was boosted by HIIT exclusively (even in ND). HIIT enhanced heart function, regardless of the diet. HIIT augmented cardiac BDNF expression, with a significant difference between ND and WD. Likewise, HIIT instigated TrkB expression only in ND. Conclusions HIIT and MICT can cope with myocardial inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors in WD consumers and, exclusively, HIIT may grant further protection by increasing heart function, BDNF-TrkB expression, and HO-1 expression. Thus, the HIIT paradigm should be considered as a preference for subjects who require heart function to be preserved or enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbaset Maroofi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bagheri Rouch
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nasim Naderi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical & Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Damirchi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Nishimura Y, Nakamura T, Kamijo YI, Arakawa H, Umemoto Y, Kinoshita T, Sakurai Y, Tajima F. Increased serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor following wheelchair half marathon race in individuals with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:455-460. [PMID: 33054672 PMCID: PMC9135440 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1816402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has beneficial effects on metabolism as well as the peripheral and central nervous systems. The aim of this study was to assess the response of serum BDNF concentration ([BDNF]s) to wheelchair half marathon race in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).Design: Prospective observational study.Setting: The 34th Oita International Wheelchair Marathon Race in Japan.Participants: Nine cervical SCIs (CSCI) and 8 thoracic and lumber SCIs (LSCI) male athletes. Interventions: Wheelchair half-Marathon Race.Outcome measures: [BDNF]s, plasma concentrations of adrenaline ([Ad]p), noradrenaline ([Nor]p), and cortisol ([Cor]p), hematocrit, and platelet count were measured the day before, immediately after, and an hour after the race.Results: [BDNF]s increased significantly immediately after the race in both groups (CSCI; P = 0.0055, LSCI; P = 0.0312) but returned to the baseline levels at one hour after the race. However, [BDNF]s immediately and one hour after the race were significantly higher in LSCI than in CSCI (immediately after the race; P = 0.0037, 1 h after the race; P = 0.0206). Hematocrit and platelet count remained unchanged throughout the study. In LSCI, [Ad]p, [Nor]p and [Cor]p increased significantly immediately after and one hour after the race, compared with the baseline values (P < 0.05). On the other hand, these variables remained unchanged throughout the study in the CSCI.Conclusions: [BDNF]s increased significantly from the baseline in both LCSI and CSCI but was higher in LSCI than in CSCI immediately after and one hour after the race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihide Nishimura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshi-ichiro Kamijo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hideki Arakawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Umemoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tokio Kinoshita
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakurai
- Research Center of Sports Medicine and Balneology, Nachikatsuura Balneologic Town Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Tajima
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan,Correspondence to: Fumihiro Tajima, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera Wakayama city, Wakayama641-8509, Japan; Ph: +81-73-441-0664.
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Ballester-Ferrer JA, Carbonell-Hernández L, Pastor D, Cervelló E. COVID-19 Quarantine Impact on Wellbeing and Cognitive Functioning During a 10-Week High-Intensity Functional Training Program in Young University Students. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:822199. [PMID: 35464146 PMCID: PMC9028760 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.822199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise can improve cognitive functioning and wellbeing; however, the degree of change in either of these two variables seems to be related to the exercise intensity or type. Therefore, new physical training (PT) programs have been developed to increase exercise efficiency. One such example is high-intensity functional training (HIFT), which has proven to be a time-efficient and highly effective strategy to improve physical fitness. This study analyzed whether HIFT can affect reaction time (RT) and vitality, as well as positive and negative affect. Forty-two college students participated in the study, 21 in the experimental group and 21 in the control group. The experimental group completed 10 weeks of training, five of which were supervised, and the remainder consisted of online training during the COVID-19 quarantine. Participants were evaluated at the beginning, at the end of the 5 weeks of supervised training, and after the 5 weeks of online training. HIFT improved RT without changes in psychological wellbeing during the entire period of training supervised and online. Therefore, during the HIFT program, the quarantine situation did not adversely affect this population’s wellbeing, but it did negatively affect adherence to the training program.
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Seidler K, Barrow M. Intermittent fasting and cognitive performance - Targeting BDNF as potential strategy to optimise brain health. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 65:100971. [PMID: 34929259 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, accelerated by excessive calorie consumption and sedentary lifestyles. Bioenergetic challenges such as intermittent fasting (IF) have shown to promote lifespan and healthspan via an adaptive stress response. Activity-dependent brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as key regulator of cognitive performance and brain health. This review aims to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking IF and cognitive function with a focus on the role of BDNF, evaluating evidence from pre-clinical and human studies. A systematic literature search was performed. 82 peer-reviewed papers were accepted, critically appraised and summarised in a narrative analysis. Aging-related loss of BDNF has been associated with reduced synaptic plasticity, memory and learning as well as increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. IF was consistently reported to upregulate BDNF and improve cognitive performance in animal models. Further research is required to assess cognitive outcomes of IF in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Seidler
- Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, United Kingdom.
| | - Michelle Barrow
- Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, United Kingdom
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Wang YH, Zhou HH, Luo Q, Cui S. The effect of physical exercise on circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2544. [PMID: 35274832 PMCID: PMC9014996 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how physical exercise (PE) would affect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of healthy subjects. METHODS Seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus) were searched for RCTs assessing the effects of PE on serum and/or plasma BDNF until December 18, 2021. Meta-analysis was performed by random-effects method with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted to investigate the potential source of heterogeneity. Trim and fill method, and leave-one-out cross-validation were conducted. RESULTS Eventually, 21 articles, involving 809 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, both acute (5 trials, SMD: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.36 to 2.04, p = .005) and long-term (17 trials, SMD: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.08, p = .001) PE had significant positive effects on BDNF levels. Via subgroup analysis, studies of long-term PE with larger sample sizes, female participants, participants older than 60 years, and aerobic exercise contributed to a more pronounced improvement on BDNF levels than that found when all studies were combined. CONCLUSION Both acute and long-term PE had significant positive effects on circulating BDNF in healthy subjects. This review suggests that acute exercise and long-term aerobic exercise are powerful forms of PE to enhance neurotrophic effect, especially for female subjects or subjects over 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hai Wang
- Physical Education College, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Pu'er Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pu'er, China
| | - Sidong Cui
- Physical Education College, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
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Keifer J. Regulation of AMPAR trafficking in synaptic plasticity by BDNF and the impact of neurodegenerative disease. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:979-991. [PMID: 35128708 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Research demonstrates that the neural mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity and learning and memory involve mobilization of AMPA-type neurotransmitter receptors at glutamatergic synaptic contacts, and that these mechanisms are targeted during neurodegenerative disease. Strengthening neural transmission occurs with insertion of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) into synapses while weakening results from receptor withdrawal. A key player in the trafficking of AMPARs during plasticity and learning is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling system. BDNF is a neurotrophic factor that supports neuronal growth and is required for learning and memory. Significantly, a primary feature of many neurodegenerative diseases is a reduction in BDNF protein as well as disrupted neuronal surface expression of synaptic AMPARs. The resulting weakening of synaptic contacts leads to synapse loss and neuronal degeneration that underlies the cognitive impairment and dementia observed in patients with progressive neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's. In the face of these data, one therapeutic approach is to increase BDNF bioavailability in brain. While this has been met with significant challenges, the results of the research have been promising. In spite of this, there are currently no clinical trials to test many of these findings on patients. Here, research showing that BDNF drives AMPARs to synapses, AMPAR trafficking is essential for synaptic plasticity and learning, and that neurodegenerative disease results in a significant decline in BDNF will be reviewed. The aim is to draw attention to the need for increasing patient-directed clinical studies to test the possible benefits of increasing levels of neurotrophins, specifically BDNF, to treat brain disorders. Much is known about the cellular mechanisms that underlie learning and memory in brain. It can be concluded that signaling by neurotrophins like BDNF and AMPA-type glutamate receptor synaptic trafficking are fundamental to these processes. Data from animal models and patients reveal that these mechanisms are adversely targeted during neurodegenerative disease and results in memory loss and cognitive decline. A brief summary of our understanding of these mechanisms indicates that it is time to apply this knowledge base directly to development of therapeutic treatments that enhance neurotrophins for brain disorders in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Keifer
- Neuroscience Group, Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
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45
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Faustino B. Minding my brain: Fourteen neuroscience-based principles to enhance psychotherapy responsiveness. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1254-1275. [PMID: 35112428 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Intersections between psychotherapy and neurosciences are at its dawn. The quest to understand the neural underpinnings of psychological processes has led several generations of scientists to explore neural correlates between mind, brain, and behavior. Neuroscience methods and research has given psychology new perspectives and insights about the structure and function of complex neural pathways, that underly human functioning (cognition, emotion, motivation, and interpersonal behavior). By translating neuroscientific findings into psychotherapeutic principles of change, it is possible to promote responsiveness towards brain dysfunction that underlies patients' psychological malfunctioning. In psychotherapy, responsiveness is a core aspect of the therapeutic change process, especially to adapt psychological interventions to patients' motivational stages and preferences, coping styles, neurobehavioral modes, and emotional needs. Within a transtheoretical and translational approach, contemporary neuroscientific findings are revised, discussed, and used to attempt to build-on fourteen theoretical brain-based principles that may be applied to psychotherapy. Translating these empirical findings into practical principles, clinical strategies and tasks is expected to enhance psychotherapy responsiveness grounded on a science-based knowledge of brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Faustino
- Faculdade de Psicologia da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.,HEI-Lab, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
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46
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Eggert S, Kins S, Endres K, Brigadski T. Brothers in arms: proBDNF/BDNF and sAPPα/Aβ-signaling and their common interplay with ADAM10, TrkB, p75NTR, sortilin, and sorLA in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biol Chem 2022; 403:43-71. [PMID: 34619027 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important modulator for a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). A wealth of evidence, such as reduced mRNA and protein level in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients implicates a crucial role of BDNF in the progression of this disease. Especially, processing and subcellular localization of BDNF and its receptors TrkB and p75 are critical determinants for survival and death in neuronal cells. Similarly, the amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer's disease, and its cleavage fragments sAPPα and Aβ are known for their respective roles in neuroprotection and neuronal death. Common features of APP- and BDNF-signaling indicate a causal relationship in their mode of action. However, the interconnections of APP- and BDNF-signaling are not well understood. Therefore, we here discuss dimerization properties, localization, processing by α- and γ-secretase, relevance of the common interaction partners TrkB, p75, sorLA, and sortilin as well as shared signaling pathways of BDNF and sAPPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Eggert
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stefan Kins
- Department of Human Biology and Human Genetics, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, D-66482 Zweibrücken, Germany
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Eyileten C, Wicik Z, Fitas A, Marszalek M, Simon JE, De Rosa S, Wiecha S, Palatini J, Postula M, Malek LA. Altered Circulating MicroRNA Profiles After Endurance Training: A Cohort Study of Ultramarathon Runners. Front Physiol 2022; 12:792931. [PMID: 35145424 PMCID: PMC8824535 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.792931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the positive effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular (CV) system, excessive exercise induces not only physiological adaptations but also adverse changes in CV system, including the heart. We aimed to evaluate the selected miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis and their changes before and after an ultramarathon run. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac tissue-specific targets were identified with the Tissue 2.0 database. Gene-gene interaction data were retrieved from the STRING app for Cytoscape. Twenty-three endurance athletes were recruited to the study. Athletes ran to completion (100 km) or exhaustion (52-91 km, median 74 km). All participants completed pre- and post-run testing. miRNAs expressions were measured both before and after the race. RESULTS Enrichment analysis of the signaling pathways associated with the genes targeted by miRNAs selected for qRT-PCR validation (miR-1-3p, miR-126, miR-223, miR-125a-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-15a/b). All selected miRNAs showed overlap in regulation in pathways associated with cancer, IL-2 signaling, TGF-β signaling as well as BDNF signaling pathway. Analysis of metabolites revealed significant regulation of magnesium and guanosine triphosphate across analyzed miRNA targets. MiR-1-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-126, and miR-223 expressions were measured in 23 experienced endurance athletes, before and after an ultramarathon wherein athletes ran to completion (100 km) or exhaustion (52-91 km, median 74 km). The expressions of miR-125a-5p, miR-126, and miR-223 were significantly increased after the race (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, p = 0.014, respectively). MiR-1-3p expression post-run showed a negative correlation with the post-run levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r = -0.632, p = 0.003). Higher miR-1-3p expression was found in runners, who finished the race under 10 h compared to runners who finished over 10 h (p = 0.001). Post-run miR-125a-5p expression showed a negative correlation with the peak lactate during the run (r = -0.576, p = 0.019). CONCLUSION Extreme physical activity, as exemplified by an ultramarathon, is associated with changes in circulating miRNAs' expression related to inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac muscle function. In particular, the negative correlations between miR-125a-5p and lactate concentrations, and miR-1-3p and hs-CRP, support their role in specific exercise-induced adaptation. Further studies are essential to validate the long-term effect of these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Genomics Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alex Fitas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Marszalek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jenny E. Simon
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Szczepan Wiecha
- Department of Physical Education and Health in Biala Podlaska, Józef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Biala Podlaska, Poland
| | - Jeffrey Palatini
- Genomics Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz A. Malek
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
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Goraczko A, Zurek A, Lachowicz M, Kujawa K, Zurek G. The Relationship between Cognitive Performance and Quality of Life in Elite Athletes after Spinal Cord Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020948. [PMID: 35055769 PMCID: PMC8775381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present investigation was designed to determine cognitive performance and quality of life (QoL) in a group of elite athletes who sustained spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS nine participants suffering a SCI participated in the study. Different cognitive functions were evaluated through the following tests: COWAT, Digit Span, Stroop color-word and QoL through the WHOQoL-BREF scale. RESULTS Generally, participants positively assessed their overall quality of life and health status. Although the tests conducted indicate reduced cognitive function among the athletes, it did not affect the reduction in QoL. Single correlations between the results of cognitive tests and QoL could be treated as coincidental. CONCLUSIONS Despite the observed decline in selected cognitive functions, the participants positively assessed their quality of life and physical health.Reduced cognitive functioning could be influenced by the impact of sleep-disordered breathing, pain, depressive disorders and medication. This indicates the need for an individualized approach to define the patient's deficits, needs and best care. Further studies with a larger group of participants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Goraczko
- Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (M.L.); (K.K.)
- Clinic of Neurorehabilitation, 54-519 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alina Zurek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Lachowicz
- Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (M.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Kujawa
- Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (M.L.); (K.K.)
- Clinic of Neurorehabilitation, 54-519 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zurek
- Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.G.); (M.L.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-600-081-799
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A pilot study of multilevel analysis of BDNF in paternal and maternal perinatal depression. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:237-249. [PMID: 34989854 PMCID: PMC8784499 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Depression in the perinatal period is common in mothers worldwide. Emerging research indicates that fathers are also at risk of developing perinatal depression. However, knowledge regarding biological risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of perinatal depression is still scarce, particularly in fathers. It has been suggested that the neurotrophin BDNF may play a role in maternal perinatal depression; however, there is currently no data regarding paternal perinatal depression. For this pilot study, 81 expecting parents were recruited and assessed at several time points. We screened for depression using EPDS and MADRS, investigated several psychosocial variables, and took blood samples for BDNF val66met genotyping, epigenetic, and protein analysis. Between pregnancy and 12 months postpartum (pp), we found that 3.7 to 15.7% of fathers screened positive for depression, and 9.6 to 24% of mothers, with at least a twofold increased prevalence in both parents using MADRS compared with EPDS. We also identified several psychosocial factors associated with perinatal depression in both parents. The data revealed a trend that lower BDNF levels correlated with maternal depressive symptoms at 3 months pp. In the fathers, no significant correlations between BDNF and perinatal depression were found. Pregnant women demonstrated lower BDNF methylation and BDNF protein expression compared with men; however, these were found to increase postpartum. Lastly, we identified correlations between depressive symptoms and psychosocial/neurobiological factors. The data suggest that BDNF may play a role in maternal perinatal depression, but not paternal.
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Exergame training-induced neuroplasticity and cognitive improvement in institutionalized older adults: A preliminary investigation. Physiol Behav 2021; 241:113589. [PMID: 34509470 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has reported cognitive improvements in elderly individuals when mental and physical exercise are practiced simultaneously, as in exergaming. However, the molecular mechanisms driving this beneficial response remain unclear. Moreover, there is robust evidence that regular exercise increases neurotrophic factors and promotes neuroplasticity, contributing to cognitive improvement. This research aimed to assess the impact of a 6-week Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol on cognitive function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in institutionalized older individuals. METHODS Participants living in a long-term care facility were included. The intervention (Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol) was conducted individually and consisted of two sessions per week (40 min each) over 6 weeks. Participants' cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) was evaluated before and after the intervention. Blood samples (15 ml) were collected at the same time to measure BDNF levels. RESULTS Although there were no changes in total MoCA scores, exergame training improved the "language" domain and demonstrated a tendency toward an improvement in the "abstraction" and "memory/delayed recall" domains. Furthermore, BDNF levels were significantly increased after the intervention. CONCLUSION BDNF enhancement might mediate, at least in part, the cognitive changes induced by a 6-week Xbox 360 Kinect exergame protocol in institutionalized older adults.
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