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Baskaya F, Lemainque T, Klinkhammer B, Koletnik S, von Stillfried S, Talbot SR, Boor P, Schulz V, Lederle W, Kiessling F. Pathophysiologic Mapping of Chronic Liver Diseases With Longitudinal Multiparametric MRI in Animal Models. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:699-710. [PMID: 38598653 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) have diverse etiologies. To better classify CLDs, we explored the ability of longitudinal multiparametric MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) in depicting alterations in liver morphology, inflammation, and hepatocyte and macrophage activity in murine high-fat diet (HFD)- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced CLD models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were either untreated, fed an HFD for 24 weeks, or injected with CCl 4 for 8 weeks. Longitudinal multiparametric MRI was performed every 4 weeks using a 7 T MRI scanner, including T1/T2 relaxometry, morphological T1/T2-weighted imaging, and fat-selective imaging. Diffusion-weighted imaging was applied to assess fibrotic remodeling and T1-weighted and T2*-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI using gadoxetic acid and ferucarbotran to target hepatocytes and the mononuclear phagocyte system, respectively. Imaging data were associated with histopathological and serological analyses. Principal component analysis and clustering were used to reveal underlying disease patterns. RESULTS The MRI parameters significantly correlated with histologically confirmed steatosis, fibrosis, and liver damage, with varying importance. No single MRI parameter exclusively correlated with 1 pathophysiological feature, underscoring the necessity for using parameter patterns. Clustering revealed early-stage, model-specific patterns. Although the HFD model exhibited pronounced liver fat content and fibrosis, the CCl 4 model indicated reduced liver fat content and impaired hepatocyte and macrophage function. In both models, MRI biomarkers of inflammation were elevated. CONCLUSIONS Multiparametric MRI patterns can be assigned to pathophysiological processes and used for murine CLD classification and progression tracking. These MRI biomarker patterns can directly be explored clinically to improve early CLD detection and differentiation and to refine treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhan Baskaya
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (F.B., T.L., S.K., V.S., W.L., F.K.); Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (T.L.); Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (B.K., S.S., P.B.); and Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (S.R.T.)
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Yadav AK, MacNeill JJ, Krylov A, Ashrafi N, Mimi RA, Saxena R, Liu S, Graham SF, Wan J, Morral N. Sex- and age-associated factors drive the pathophysiology of MASLD. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0523. [PMID: 39185904 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is strongly associated with obesity. Sex and age affect MASLD prevalence and pathophysiology. The use of animal models fed Western-style diets is vital for investigating the molecular mechanisms contributing to metabolic dysregulation and for facilitating novel drug target identification. However, the sex-associated and age-associated mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap limits the development of personalized sex-specific and age-specific drug treatments. METHODS Young (7 wk) and aged (52 wk) male and female mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet. Liver metabolome (>600 molecules) and transcriptome profiles were analyzed. RESULTS Male and female mice fed an HFD developed obesity, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. However, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and serum alanine aminotransferase levels were higher in males fed an HFD, indicating a more severe metabolic disease. In addition, males showed significant increases in liver diacylglycerides and glycosylceramides (known mediators of insulin resistance and fibrosis), and more changes in the transcriptome: extracellular matrix organization and proinflammatory genes were elevated only in males. In contrast, no major increase in damaging lipid classes was observed in females fed an HFD. However, aging affected the liver to a greater extent in females. Acylcarnitine levels were significantly reduced, suggestive of changes in fatty acid oxidation, and broad changes in the transcriptome were observed, including reduced oxidative stress response gene expression and alterations in lipid partitioning genes. CONCLUSIONS Here, we show distinct responses to an HFD between males and females. Our study underscores the need for using both sexes in drug target identification studies, and characterizing the molecular mechanisms contributing to the MASLD pathophysiology in aging animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K Yadav
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Justin J MacNeill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Aleksei Krylov
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nadia Ashrafi
- Metabolomics Department, Corewell Health Research Institute, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
- Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Romana Ashrafi Mimi
- Metabolomics Department, Corewell Health Research Institute, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
- Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Stewart F Graham
- Metabolomics Department, Corewell Health Research Institute, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
- Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Núria Morral
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Li Y, He Q, Chen S, Dli H, Zhao J, Sun X, Yang P, Mao Q, Xia H. BI-7273, a BRD9 inhibitor, reduces lipid accumulation by downregulating the AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116412. [PMID: 38971334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Increases in de novo lipogenesis that disturbed lipid homeostasis and caused lipid accumulation are a major cause of NAFLD and obesity. SREBP1 is a crucial regulatory factor controlling the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of lipid synthesis. A reduction in SREBP1expression can reduce lipid accumulation. Thus, we utilized an SREBP1-luciferase-KI HEK293 cell line constructed by our lab to screen 200 kinds of epigenetic drugs for their ability to downregulate SREBP1expression. BI-7273, an inhibitor of bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9), was screened and found to decrease SREBP1 expression. What is more, BI-7273 has been confirmed that it could reduce lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells by BODIPY staining, and significantly decrease the protein expression of SREBP1 and FASN. To explore the potential mechanism BI-7273 reducing lipid accumulation, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed and demonstrated that BI-7273 reduced lipid accumulation by downregulating the AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 pathway in vitro. Finally, these results were verified in NAFLD and obesity mouse model induced by high fat diet (HFD). The results indicated that BI-7273 could decrease mouse body weight and improve insulin sensitivity, but also exhibited a strong negative correlation with serum lipid levels, and also demonstrated that BI-7273 reduced lipid accumulation via AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 pathway in vivo. In conclusion, our results revealed that BI-7273 decreases lipid accumulation by downregulating the AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 pathway in vivo and in vitro. This is the first report demonstrating the protective effect of this BRD9 inhibitor against NAFLD and obesity. BRD9 may be a novel target for the discovery of effective drugs to treat lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qiongyan He
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Huma Dli
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Yahya MA, Alshammari GM, Osman MA, Al-Harbi LN, Yagoub AEA, AlSedairy SA. Liquorice root extract and isoliquiritigenin attenuate high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and damage in rats by regulating AMPK. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:385-400. [PMID: 36121371 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study compared the ability of Liquorice roots aqueous extract (LRE) and its ingredient, isoliquiritigenin (ISL), in alleviating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis and examined if this effect involves activation of AMPK.Materials and methods: Control or HFD-fed rats were treated with the vehicle, LRE (200 mg/kg), or ISL (30 mg/kg) for 8 weeks orally.Results: ISL and LRE reduced HFD-induced hyperglycaemia, improved liver structure, lowered serum and hepatic lipids, and attenuated hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation. In the control and HFD-fed rats, ISL and LRE significantly stimulated the muscular and hepatic mRNA and protein levels of AMPK, improved oral glucose tolerance, reduced hepatic mRNA levels of SREBP1/2, and upregulated hepatic levels of PPARα and Bcl2. These effects were comparable for ISL and LRE and were prevented by co-administration of compound C, an AMPK inhibitor.Discussion and conclusion: ISL and LRE provide an effective theory to alleviate hepatic steatosis through activating AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi A Osman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abu ElGasim A Yagoub
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sabat M, Carney DW, Hernandez-Torres G, Gibson TS, Balakrishna D, Zou H, Xu R, Chen CH, de Jong R, Dougan DR, Qin L, Bigi-Botterill SV, Chambers A, Miura J, Johnson LK, Ermolieff J, Johns D, Selimkhanov J, Kwok L, DeMent K, Proffitt C, Vu P, Lindsey EA, Ivetac T, Jennings A, Wang H, Manam P, Santos C, Fullenwider C, Manohar R, Flick AC. Design and Discovery of a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of Integrin αvβ1. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10306-10320. [PMID: 38872300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) integrin αvβ1 has been recently identified as an attractive therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver fibrosis given its function, target expression, and safety profile. Our identification of a non-RGD small molecule lead followed by focused, systematic changes to the core structure utilizing a crystal structure, in silico modeling, and a tractable synthetic approach resulted in the identification of a potent small molecule exhibiting a remarkable affinity for αvβ1 relative to several other integrin isoforms measured. Azabenzimidazolone 25 demonstrated antifibrotic efficacy in an in vivo rat liver fibrosis model and represents a tool compound capable of further exploring the biological consequences of selective αvβ1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sabat
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Daniel W Carney
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Gloria Hernandez-Torres
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Tony S Gibson
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Deepika Balakrishna
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Hua Zou
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Rui Xu
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Ron de Jong
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Douglas R Dougan
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Ling Qin
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Simone V Bigi-Botterill
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Alison Chambers
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Joanne Miura
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Lucas K Johnson
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Jacques Ermolieff
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Deidre Johns
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Jangir Selimkhanov
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Lily Kwok
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Kevin DeMent
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Chris Proffitt
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Phong Vu
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Erick A Lindsey
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Tony Ivetac
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Andy Jennings
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Haixia Wang
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Padma Manam
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Cipriano Santos
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Cody Fullenwider
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Rohan Manohar
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
| | - Andrew C Flick
- Gastroenterology Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 9625 Towne Centre Dr., San Diego, California 92121 United States
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Ezz-Eldin YM, Ewees MG, Azouz AA, Khalaf MM. Investigating the tamoxifen/high-fat diet synergy: a promising paradigm for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induction in a rat model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03192-7. [PMID: 38884676 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe liver condition characterized by excessive fat deposition, ballooning, and lobular inflammation. This investigation was conducted to estimate the capability of concomitant tamoxifen administration (TAM) with a high fat diet (HFD) to induce a reliable NASH model that mimics human NASH features. Rats were administered TAM (25 mg/kg/day p.o.) and consumed HFD for 5 weeks. A time-course investigation was conducted to determine the optimal time for NASH development. Liver function indices, hepatic lipid profile factors, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory mediators were estimated. Additionally, macroscopic and microscopic changes were examined. Compared with the time-matched control group receiving vehicle alone, TAM/HFD significantly impaired liver function indices represented as marked elevation in ALT, AST, and ALP serum levels. TAM/HFD significantly increased lipid profile factors including high TG and TC hepatic levels. Additionally, TAM/HFD remarkably raised hepatic levels of TNF-α and IL-17 and significantly decreased IL-10. The combination also increases the oxidative status evidenced by high content of MDA as well as low activity of GPx and SOD. Accordingly, the combination of TAM and HFD for 5 weeks collaboratively promotes NASH development by initiating compromised hepatocyte functionality, elevated lipid levels, oxidative stress, and liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra M Ezz-Eldin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed G Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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7
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Jang H, Woo H, Corvino O, Kang H, Kim MB, Lee JY, Park YK. Dietary sugar kelp ( Saccharina latissima) consumption did not attenuate atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:6684-6691. [PMID: 38819217 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01037j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the beneficial effects of U.S.-grown sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima), a brown seaweed, on reducing serum triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) and protecting against inflammation and fibrosis in the adipose tissue of diet-induced obesity mice. In this current study, we aimed to explore whether the dietary consumption of sugar kelp can prevent atherosclerosis using low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (Ldlr KO) mice fed an atherogenic diet. Eight-week-old male Ldlr KO mice were fed either an atherogenic high-fat/high-cholesterol control (HF/HC) diet or a HF/HC diet supplemented with 6% (w/w) sugar kelp (HF/HC-SK) for 16 weeks. Consumption of sugar kelp significantly increased the body weight gain without altering fat mass and lean mass. Also, there were no significant differences in energy expenditure and physical activities between the groups. The two groups did not show significant differences in serum and hepatic TG and TC levels or the hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Although serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity did not differ significantly between the two groups, there were significant increases in the expression of macrophage markers, including adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1 and cluster of differentiation 68, as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha in the HF/HC-SK group compared to the HF/HC mice. The consumption of sugar kelp did not elicit a significant effect on the development of aortic lesions. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated splenocytes isolated from HF/HC-SK-fed mice showed no significant changes in the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory genes compared with those from the HF/HC mice. In summary, the consumption of dietary sugar kelp did not elicit anti-atherogenic and hepatoprotective effects in Ldlr KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungryun Jang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Hayoung Woo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Olivia Corvino
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Hyunju Kang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Mi-Bo Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Young-Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 27 Manter Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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8
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Mao T, Zhang C, Yang S, Bi Y, Li M, Yu J. Semaglutide alters gut microbiota and improves NAFLD in db/db mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149882. [PMID: 38583231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and even cancer, all of which have a very poor prognosis. Semaglutide, a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has been recognized as a specific drug for the treatment of diabetes. In this study, we used a gene mutation mouse model (db/db mice) to investigate the potential liver-improving effects of semaglutide. The results showed that semaglutide improved lipid levels and glucose metabolism in db/db mice. HE staining and oil red staining showed alleviation of liver damage and reduction of hepatic lipid deposition after injection of semaglutide. In addition, semaglutide also improved the integrity of gut barrier and altered gut microbiota, especially Alloprevotella, Alistpes, Ligilactobacillus and Lactobacillus. In summary, our findings validate that semaglutide induces modifications in the composition of the gut microbiota and ameliorates NAFLD, positioning it as a promising therapeutic candidate for addressing hepatic steatosis and associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuohua Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Chenxuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Yingying Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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9
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Xia M, Varmazyad M, Palacin IP, Gavlock DC, Debiasio R, LaRocca G, Reese C, Florentino R, Faccioli LAP, Brown JA, Vernetti LA, Schurdak ME, Stern AM, Gough A, Behari J, Soto-Gutierrez A, Taylor DL, Miedel M. Comparison of Wild-Type and High-risk PNPLA3 variants in a Human Biomimetic Liver Microphysiology System for Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Precision Therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.22.590608. [PMID: 38712213 PMCID: PMC11071381 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.590608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a worldwide health epidemic with a global occurrence of approximately 30%. The pathogenesis of MASLD is a complex, multisystem disorder driven by multiple factors including genetics, lifestyle, and the environment. Patient heterogeneity presents challenges for developing MASLD therapeutics, creation of patient cohorts for clinical trials and optimization of therapeutic strategies for specific patient cohorts. Implementing pre-clinical experimental models for drug development creates a significant challenge as simple in vitro systems and animal models do not fully recapitulate critical steps in the pathogenesis and the complexity of MASLD progression. To address this, we implemented a precision medicine strategy that couples the use of our liver acinus microphysiology system (LAMPS) constructed with patient-derived primary cells. We investigated the MASLD-associated genetic variant PNPLA3 rs738409 (I148M variant) in primary hepatocytes, as it is associated with MASLD progression. We constructed LAMPS with genotyped wild type and variant PNPLA3 hepatocytes together with key non-parenchymal cells and quantified the reproducibility of the model. We altered media components to mimic blood chemistries, including insulin, glucose, free fatty acids, and immune activating molecules to reflect normal fasting (NF), early metabolic syndrome (EMS) and late metabolic syndrome (LMS) conditions. Finally, we investigated the response to treatment with resmetirom, an approved drug for metabolic syndrome-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), the progressive form of MASLD. This study using primary cells serves as a benchmark for studies using patient biomimetic twins constructed with patient iPSC-derived liver cells using a panel of reproducible metrics. We observed increased steatosis, immune activation, stellate cell activation and secretion of pro-fibrotic markers in the PNPLA3 GG variant compared to wild type CC LAMPS, consistent with the clinical characterization of this variant. We also observed greater resmetirom efficacy in PNPLA3 wild type CC LAMPS compared to the GG variant in multiple MASLD metrics including steatosis, stellate cell activation and the secretion of pro-fibrotic markers. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the capability of the LAMPS platform for the development of MASLD precision therapeutics, enrichment of patient cohorts for clinical trials, and optimization of therapeutic strategies for patient subgroups with different clinical traits and disease stages.
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10
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Kumar MJM, Arindkar S, Saini M, Nagarajan P. Transcriptomic and pathological profiling of a new congenic mouse model with Lepr mutation: Evaluating susceptibility to the development of obesity and NAFLD. Genes Dis 2024; 11:100982. [PMID: 38274380 PMCID: PMC7615561 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- MJ Mahesh Kumar
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | - Masum Saini
- Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, India
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11
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Xiao Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Qi X, Hou L, Ma Z, Xu F. Hepatic polypeptide nutrient solution improves high-cholesterol diet-induced rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by activating AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3225-3236. [PMID: 38726419 PMCID: PMC11077238 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic polypeptide nutrient solution (HP) is a mixture of hepatoprotective peptides derived from fresh porcine liver with various effects. However, the role and mechanisms of HP in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still not well understood. We investigated the effects of HP NAFLD rats induced by high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and its underlying mechanisms. Rats were provided with HCD for 4 weeks and then received HP or metformin after 2 weeks of HCD feeding. The study found that HP reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rats with NAFLD (all p < .05). Histopathological examination also showed that HP improved the liver lesions induced by the HCD diet. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses of NAFLD rats treated with HP were also improved. In addition, it was discovered that HP triggered the activation of AMPK and decreased the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS while enhancing the expression of PPAR α and CPT-1 in liver. These findings indicated that HP might have therapeutic potential for NAFLD, possibly via activating AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xiao
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jianan Wang
- Graduate SchoolHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ting Zhang
- Experimental CenterHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xingzhong Qi
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
| | - Lei Hou
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
| | - Zhihong Ma
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Hebei International Cooperation Center for Ion Channel Function and Innovative Traditional Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‐Kidney PatternsShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
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12
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Zhu L, Ying N, Hao L, Fu A, Ding Q, Cao F, Ren D, Han Q, Li S. Probiotic yogurt regulates gut microbiota homeostasis and alleviates hepatic steatosis and liver injury induced by high-fat diet in golden hamsters. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2488-2501. [PMID: 38628190 PMCID: PMC11016441 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of probiotic yogurt on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in metabolic-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) golden hamsters fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). The results demonstrated that probiotic yogurt significantly reversed the adverse effects caused by HFD, such as body and liver weight gain, liver steatosis and damage, sterol deposition, and oxidative stress after 8 weeks of intervention. qRT-PCR analysis showed that golden hamsters fed HFD had upregulated genes related to adipogenesis, increased free fatty acid infiltration, and downregulated genes related to lipolysis and very low-density lipoprotein secretion. Probiotic yogurt supplements significantly inhibited HFD-induced changes in the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the intestinal content microbiota suggested that probiotic yogurt changed the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in HFD-fed hamsters. Probiotic yogurt decreased the ratio of the phyla Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, the relative abundance of the LPS-producing genus Desulfovibrio, and bacteria involved in lipid metabolism, whereas it increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria in HFD-fed hamsters. Predictive functional analysis of the microbial community showed that probiotic yogurt-modified genes involved in LPS biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. In summary, these findings support the possibility that probiotic yogurt significantly improves HFD-induced metabolic disorders through modulating intestinal microflora and lipid metabolism and effectively regulating the occurrence and development of MAFLD. Therefore, probiotic yogurt supplementation may serve as an effective nutrition strategy for the treatment of patients with MAFLD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwensi Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Na Ying
- School of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Liuyi Hao
- School of Public HealthZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ai Fu
- School of Life ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Qinchao Ding
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Feiwei Cao
- School of Public HealthZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal ScienceZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Qiang Han
- School of Public HealthZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Academy of Chinese Medical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Songtao Li
- School of Public HealthZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Academy of Chinese Medical ScienceZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
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13
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Yang J, Dai M, Wang Y, Yan Z, Mao S, Liu A, Lu C. A CDAHFD-induced mouse model mimicking human NASH in the metabolism of hepatic phosphatidylcholines and acyl carnitines. Food Funct 2024; 15:2982-2995. [PMID: 38411344 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05111k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the hepatic manifestation of a cluster of conditions associated with lipid metabolism disorders. Ideal animal models mimicking the human NASH need to be explored to better understand the pathogenesis. A choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) has recently been used to induce the NASH model, but the advantages are not established. NASH models were induced using the well-known traditional methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet for 5 weeks and the recently used CDAHFD for 3 weeks. Liver phenotypes were analyzed to evaluate the differences in markers related to NASH. Lipidomics and metabolism analyses were used to investigate the effects of dietary regimens on the lipidome of the liver. The CDAHFD induced stronger NASH responses than the MCD, including lipid deposition, liver injury, inflammation, bile acid overload and hepatocyte proliferation. A significant difference in the hepatic lipidome was revealed between the CDAHFD and MCD-induced NASH models. In particular, the CDAHFD reduced the hepatic levels of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and acylcarnitines (ACs), which was supported by the metabolism analysis and in line with the tendency of human NASH. Pathologically, the CDAHFD could effectively induce a more human-like NASH model over the traditional MCD. The hepatic PCs, ACs and their metabolism in CDAHFD-treated mice were down-regulated, similar to those in human NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, China.
| | - Manyun Dai
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Centre, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Centre, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Zheng Yan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Centre, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Shuqi Mao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, China.
| | - Aiming Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Centre, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Caide Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, China.
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14
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Zuo B, Yang F, Huang L, Han J, Li T, Ma Z, Cao L, Li Y, Bai X, Jiang M, He Y, Xia L. Endothelial Slc35a1 Deficiency Causes Loss of LSEC Identity and Exacerbates Neonatal Lipid Deposition in the Liver in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:1039-1061. [PMID: 38467191 PMCID: PMC11061248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The functional maturation of the liver largely occurs after birth. In the early stages of life, the liver of a newborn encounters enormous high-fat metabolic stress caused by the consumption of breast milk. It is unclear how the maturing liver adapts to high lipid metabolism. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a fundamental role in establishing liver vasculature and are decorated with many glycoproteins on their surface. The Slc35a1 gene encodes a cytidine-5'-monophosphate (CMP)-sialic acid transporter responsible for transporting CMP-sialic acids between the cytoplasm and the Golgi apparatus for protein sialylation. This study aimed to determine whether endothelial sialylation plays a role in hepatic vasculogenesis and functional maturation. METHODS Endothelial-specific Slc35a1 knockout mice were generated. Liver tissues were collected for histologic analysis, lipidomic profiling, RNA sequencing, confocal immunofluorescence, and immunoblot analyses. RESULTS Endothelial Slc35a1-deficient mice exhibited excessive neonatal hepatic lipid deposition, severe liver damage, and high mortality. Endothelial deletion of Slc35a1 led to sinusoidal capillarization and disrupted hepatic zonation. Mechanistically, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in LSECs was desialylated and VEGFR2 signaling was enhanced in Slc35a1-deficient mice. Inhibition of VEGFR2 signaling by SU5416 alleviated lipid deposition and restored hepatic vasculature in Slc35a1-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that sialylation of LSECs is critical for maintaining hepatic vascular development and lipid homeostasis. Targeting VEGFR2 signaling may be a new strategy to prevent liver disorders associated with abnormal vasculature and lipid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zuo
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Engineering Center of Hematological Disease of Ministry of Education, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenni Ma
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xia Bai
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang He
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Engineering Center of Hematological Disease of Ministry of Education, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Lijun Xia
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of National Health Commission, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
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15
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Kostadinova R, Ströbel S, Chen L, Fiaschetti-Egli K, Gadient J, Pawlowska A, Petitjean L, Bieri M, Thoma E, Petitjean M. Digital pathology with artificial intelligence analysis provides insight to the efficacy of anti-fibrotic compounds in human 3D MASH model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5885. [PMID: 38467661 PMCID: PMC10928082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe liver disease characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. The development of MASH therapies has been hindered by the lack of human translational models and limitations of analysis techniques for fibrosis. The MASH three-dimensional (3D) InSight™ human liver microtissue (hLiMT) model recapitulates pathophysiological features of the disease. We established an algorithm for automated phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of Sirius Red stained histology sections of MASH hLiMTs model using a digital pathology quantitative single-fiber artificial intelligence (AI) FibroNest™ image analysis platform. The FibroNest™ algorithm for MASH hLiMTs was validated using anti-fibrotic reference compounds with different therapeutic modalities-ALK5i and anti-TGF-β antibody. The phenotypic quantification of fibrosis demonstrated that both reference compounds decreased the deposition of fibrillated collagens in alignment with effects on the secretion of pro-collagen type I/III, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and pro-fibrotic gene expression. In contrast, clinical compounds, Firsocostat and Selonsertib, alone and in combination showed strong anti-fibrotic effects on the deposition of collagen fibers, however less pronounced on the secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers. In summary, the phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of MASH hLiMTs combined with secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers and transcriptomics represents a promising drug discovery tool for assessing anti-fibrotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Ströbel
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Li Chen
- PharmaNest, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jana Gadient
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Manuela Bieri
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Eva Thoma
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
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16
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Tsouka S, Kumar P, Seubnooch P, Freiburghaus K, St-Pierre M, Dufour JF, Masoodi M. Transcriptomics-driven metabolic pathway analysis reveals similar alterations in lipid metabolism in mouse MASH model and human. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:39. [PMID: 38443644 PMCID: PMC10914730 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, and can rapidly progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Accurate preclinical models and methodologies are needed to understand underlying metabolic mechanisms and develop treatment strategies. Through meta-analysis of currently proposed mouse models, we hypothesized that a diet- and chemical-induced MASH model closely resembles the observed lipid metabolism alterations in humans. METHODS We developed transcriptomics-driven metabolic pathway analysis (TDMPA), a method to aid in the evaluation of metabolic resemblance. TDMPA uses genome-scale metabolic models to calculate enzymatic reaction perturbations from gene expression data. We performed TDMPA to score and compare metabolic pathway alterations in MASH mouse models to human MASH signatures. We used an already-established WD+CCl4-induced MASH model and performed functional assays and lipidomics to confirm TDMPA findings. RESULTS Both human MASH and mouse models exhibit numerous altered metabolic pathways, including triglyceride biosynthesis, fatty acid beta-oxidation, bile acid biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. We confirm a significant reduction in mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics, as well as in acylcarnitines for the mouse model. We identify a wide range of lipid species within the most perturbed pathways predicted by TDMPA. Triglycerides, phospholipids, and bile acids are increased significantly in mouse MASH liver, confirming our initial observations. CONCLUSIONS We introduce TDMPA, a methodology for evaluating metabolic pathway alterations in metabolic disorders. By comparing metabolic signatures that typify human MASH, we show a good metabolic resemblance of the WD+CCl4 mouse model. Our presented approach provides a valuable tool for defining metabolic space to aid experimental design for assessing metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tsouka
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pavitra Kumar
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patcharamon Seubnooch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Freiburghaus
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie St-Pierre
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Dufour
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Centre des Maladie Digestives, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mojgan Masoodi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
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Montero-Vallejo R, Maya-Miles D, Ampuero J, Martín F, Romero-Gómez M, Gallego-Durán R. Novel insights into metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease preclinical models. Liver Int 2024; 44:644-662. [PMID: 38291855 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of metabolic conditions associated with an excess of fat accumulation in the liver, ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finding appropriate tools to study its development and progression is essential to address essential unmet therapeutic and staging needs. This review discusses advantages and shortcomings of different dietary, chemical and genetic factors that can be used to mimic this disease and its progression in mice from a hepatic and metabolic point of view. Also, this review will highlight some additional factors and considerations that could have a strong impact on the outcomes of our model to end up providing recommendations and a checklist to facilitate the selection of the appropriate MASLD preclinical model based on clinical aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Montero-Vallejo
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Douglas Maya-Miles
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Ampuero
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Sevilla, Spain
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Franz Martín
- Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, University Pablo Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Sevilla, Spain
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Gallego-Durán
- SeLiver Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/CSIC/Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
- Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Sevilla, Spain
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18
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Ichikawa A, Miki D, Hayes CN, Teraoka Y, Nakahara H, Tateno C, Ishida Y, Chayama K, Oka S. Multi-omics analysis of a fatty liver model using human hepatocyte chimeric mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3362. [PMID: 38336825 PMCID: PMC10858249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed a fatty liver mouse model using human hepatocyte chimeric mice. As transplanted human hepatocytes do not respond to mouse growth hormone (GH) and tend to accumulate fat, we hypothesized that addition of human GH would alter lipid metabolism and reduce accumulation of fat in the liver even when fed a high-fat diet. Six uPA/SCID chimeric mice were fed a high-fat GAN diet to induce fatty liver while six were fed a normal CRF1 diet, and GH was administered to three mice in each group. The mice were euthanized at 8 weeks, and human hepatocytes were extracted for RNA-Seq, DIA proteomics, and metabolomics analysis. Abdominal echocardiography revealed that the degree of fatty liver increased significantly in mice fed GAN diet (p < 0.001) and decreased significantly in mice treated with GH (p = 0.026). Weighted gene correlation network analysis identified IGF1 and SEMA7A as eigengenes. Administration of GH significantly reduced triglyceride levels and was strongly associated with metabolism of amino acids. MiBiOmics analysis identified perilipin-2 as a co-inertia driver. Results from multi-omics analysis revealed distinct gene expression and protein/metabolite profiles in each treatment group when mice were fed a high-fat or normal diet with or without administration of GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Ichikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Pfizer, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Yuji Ishida
- PhoenixBio Co., Ltd., Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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19
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Ren Q, Sun Q, Fu J. Dysfunction of autophagy in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Autophagy 2024; 20:221-241. [PMID: 37700498 PMCID: PMC10813589 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2254191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS ACOX1: acyl-CoA oxidase 1; ADH5: alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide; ADIPOQ: adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; CRTC2: CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; F2RL1: F2R like trypsin receptor 1; FA: fatty acid; FOXO1: forkhead box O1; GLP1R: glucagon like peptide 1 receptor; GRK2: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2; GTPase: guanosine triphosphatase; HFD: high-fat diet; HSCs: hepatic stellate cells; HTRA2: HtrA serine peptidase 2; IRGM: immunity related GTPase M; KD: knockdown; KDM6B: lysine demethylase 6B; KO: knockout; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; LAP: LC3-associated phagocytosis; LDs: lipid droplets; Li KO: liver-specific knockout; LSECs: liver sinusoidal endothelial cells; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP3K5: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5; MED1: mediator complex subunit 1; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NFE2L2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; NOS3: nitric oxide synthase 3; NR1H3: nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3; OA: oleic acid; OE: overexpression; OSBPL8: oxysterol binding protein like 8; PA: palmitic acid; RUBCNL: rubicon like autophagy enhancer; PLIN2: perilipin 2; PLIN3: perilipin 3; PPARA: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; PRKAA2/AMPK: protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2; RAB: member RAS oncogene family; RPTOR: regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1; SCD: stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; SIRT3: sirtuin 3; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SREBF1: sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1;SREBF2: sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; STX17: syntaxin 17; TAGs: triacylglycerols; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TP53/p53: tumor protein p53; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VMP1: vacuole membrane protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Cardiology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Wang J, Jin B, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zuo W, Huang L, Lin J, Jiang Y, Xie L, Lian X, Wang Y. Costunolide attenuates high-fat diet-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22150. [PMID: 38349256 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive disease that can further evolve towards liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the end stage. Costunolide (Cos) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone that exhibits both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the therapeutic effect of Cos on NAFLD is not clear. In this study, we explored the potential protective effect and mechanism of Cos on NAFLD. C57BL/6 mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to induce NAFLD. Cos was administered by gavage to observe the effect of Cos on NAFLD. We demonstrated that oral administration of Cos reduced HFD-induced hepatic fibrosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines, limiting the generation of reactive oxygen species. In vitro experiments revealed that pretreatment with Cos significantly decreased PA-induced production of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis in AML-12 cells. Mechanism study showed that the effect of Cos was correlated to the induction of Nrf-2 and inhibition of NF-κB pathways. Collectively, these findings indicated that Cos exerts hepatoprotective effect against NAFLD through blocking inflammation and oxidative stress. Our study suggested that Cos might be an effective pharmacotherapy for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Wang
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanghao Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijiang Huang
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Lin
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longteng Xie
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Lian
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Joint Research Centre on Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Willett RA, Tryndyak VP, Beland FA, Pogribny IP. Cellular and molecular alterations in a human hepatocellular in vitro model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development and stratification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2024; 42:74-92. [PMID: 38105681 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2023.2293493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health crisis worldwide. If not detected early, NAFLD progression can lead to irreversible pathological states, including liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Using in vitro models to understand the molecular pathogenesis has been extremely beneficial; however, most studies have utilized only short-term exposures, highlighting a limitation in current research to model extended fat-induced liver injury. We treated Hep3B cells continuously with a low dose of oleic and palmitic free fatty acids (FFAs) for 7 or 28 days. Transcriptomic analysis identified dysregulated molecular pathways and differential expression of 984 and 917 genes after FFA treatment for 7 and 28 days respectively. DNA methylation analysis of altered DNA methylated regions (DMRs) found 7 DMRs in common. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed transcriptomic changes primarily involved in lipid metabolism, small molecule biochemistry, and molecular transport. Western blot analysis revealed changes in PDK4 and CPT1A protein levels, indicative of mitochondrial stress. In line with this, there was mitochondrial morphological change demonstrating breakdown of the mitochondrial network. This in vitro model of human NAFL mimics results observed in human patients and may be used as a pre-clinical model for drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Willett
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Volodymyr P Tryndyak
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
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22
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Yang CR, Lin WJ, Shen PC, Liao PY, Dai YC, Hung YC, Lai HC, Mehmood S, Cheng WC, Ma WL. Phenotypic and metabolomic characteristics of mouse models of metabolic associated steatohepatitis. Biomark Res 2024; 12:6. [PMID: 38195587 PMCID: PMC10777576 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is metabolic disease that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mouse models of diet-induced MASH, which is characterized by the high levels of fats, sugars, and cholesterol in diets, are commonly used in research. However, mouse models accurately reflecting the progression of MASH in humans remain to be established. Studies have explored the potential use of serological metabolites as biomarkers of MASH severity in relation to human MASH. METHODS We performed a comparative analysis of three mouse models of diet-induced MASH in terms of phenotypic and metabolomic characteristics; MASH was induced using different diets: a high-fat diet; a Western diet; and a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed using standard clinical approaches (e.g., METAVIR score, hyaluronan level, and collagen deposition level). Mouse serum samples were subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomic profiling followed by bioinformatic analyses. Metabolomic analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was performed; the corresponding cirrhosis scores were also evaluated. RESULTS Using clinically relevant quantitative diagnostic methods, the severity of MASH was evaluated. Regarding metabolomics, the number of lipoprotein metabolites increased with both diet and MASH progression. Notably, the levels of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly increased with fibrosis progression. During the development of diet-induced MASH in mice, the strongest upregulation of expression was noted for VLDL receptor. Metabolomic analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis indicated lipoproteins (e.g., VLDL and LDL) as predominant biomarkers of cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the pathophysiology and metabolomics of experimental MASH and its relevance to human MASH. The observed upregulation of lipoprotein expression reveals a feedforward mechanism for MASH development that may be targeted for the development of noninvasive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian-Ru Yang
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Gastroenterology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jen Lin
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Gastroenterology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Shen
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Gastroenterology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yin Liao
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Gastroenterology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chang Dai
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ching Hung
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiraz Mehmood
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Lung Ma
- Program for Health Science and Industry, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Department of Medicine, and Tumor Biology Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Department of Gastroenterology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Nie T, Wang X, Li A, Shan A, Ma J. The promotion of fatty acid β-oxidation by hesperidin via activating SIRT1/PGC1α to improve NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2024; 15:372-386. [PMID: 38099440 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Reducing fat deposits in hepatocytes is a direct treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the fatty acid metabolic processes mediated by fatty acid β-oxidation are important for the prevention of NAFLD. In this study, we established high-fat-diet models in vitro and in vivo to investigate the mechanism by which hesperidin (HDN) prevents NAFLD by modulating fatty acid β oxidation. Based on LC-MS screening of differential metabolites, many metabolites involved in phospholipid and lipid metabolism were found to be significantly altered and closely associated with fatty acid β-oxidation. The results from COIP experiments indicated that HDN increased the deacetylation of PGC1α by SIRT1. In addition, the results of CETSA and molecular docking experiments suggest that HDN targeting of SIRT1 plays an important role in their stable binding. Meanwhile, it was found that HDN reduced fatty acid uptake and synthesis and promoted the expression of SIRT1/PGC1α and fatty acid β-oxidation, and the latter process was inhibited after transfection to knockdown SIRT1. The results suggest that HDN improves NAFLD by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation through activating SIRT1/PGC1α. Thus, the findings indicate that HDN may be a potential drug for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Nie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Aqun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, P.R. China
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24
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Jin S, Chen P, Yang J, Li D, Liu X, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Li Y, Chen G, Li Y, Tong Y, Yu W, Fan X, Lin H. Phocaeicola vulgatus alleviates diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression by downregulating histone acetylation level via 3-HPAA. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2309683. [PMID: 38312099 PMCID: PMC10854360 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2309683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with limited effective interventions available. A novel approach to address this issue is through gut microbiota-based therapy. In our study, we utilized multi-omics analysis to identify Phocaeicola vulgatus (P. vulgatus) as a potential probiotic for the treatment of MASLD. Our findings from murine models clearly illustrate that the supplementation of P. vulgatus mitigates the development of MASLD. This beneficial effect is partly attributed to the metabolite 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) produced by P. vulgatus, which reduces the acetylation levels of H3K27 and downregulates the transcription of Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE), a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis that promotes lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study underscores the significant role of P. vulgatus in the development of MASLD and the critical importance of its metabolite 3-HPAA in regulating lipid homeostasis. These findings offer a promising avenue for early intervention therapy in the context of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duguang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Rodriguez-Ramiro I, Pastor-Fernández A, López-Aceituno JL, Garcia-Dominguez E, Sierra-Ramirez A, Valverde AM, Martinez-Pastor B, Efeyan A, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Viña J, Fernandez-Marcos PJ. Pharmacological and genetic increases in liver NADPH levels ameliorate NASH progression in female mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:448-461. [PMID: 38036067 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the fastest growing liver diseases worldwide, and oxidative stress is one of NASH main key drivers. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is the ultimate donor of reductive power to a number of antioxidant defences. Here, we explored the potential of increasing NADPH levels to prevent NASH progression. We used nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation or a G6PD-tg mouse line harbouring an additional copy of the human G6PD gene. In a NASH mouse model induced by feeding mice a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet for three weeks, both tools increased the hepatic levels of NADPH and ameliorated the NASH phenotype induced by the MCD intervention, but only in female mice. Boosting NADPH levels in females increased the liver expression of the antioxidant genes Gsta3, Sod1 and Txnrd1 in NR-treated mice, or of Gsr for G6PD-tg mice. Both strategies significantly reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation. NR-treated female mice showed a reduction of steatosis accompanied by a drop of the hepatic triglyceride levels, that was not observed in G6PD-tg mice. NR-treated mice tended to reduce their lobular inflammation, showed a reduction of the NK cell population and diminished transcription of the damage marker Lcn2. G6PD-tg female mice exhibited a reduction of their lobular inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning induced by the MCD diet, that was related to a reduction of the monocyte-derived macrophage population and the Tnfa, Ccl2 and Lcn2 gene expression. As conclusion, boosting hepatic NADPH levels attenuated the oxidative lipid damage and the exhausted antioxidant gene expression specifically in female mice in two different models of NASH, preventing the progression of the inflammatory process and hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildefonso Rodriguez-Ramiro
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET. Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrés Pastor-Fernández
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET. Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis López-Aceituno
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET. Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Garcia-Dominguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Sierra-Ramirez
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET. Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, E28029, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, ISCIII, Spain
| | - Bárbara Martinez-Pastor
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejo Efeyan
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo J Fernandez-Marcos
- Metabolic Syndrome Group - BIOPROMET. Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain.
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26
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Yang JW, Zou Y, Chen J, Cui C, Song J, Yang MM, Gao J, Hu HQ, Xia LQ, Wang LM, Lv XY, Chen L, Hou XG. Didymin alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) via the stimulation of Sirt1-mediated lipophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:921. [PMID: 38115075 PMCID: PMC10731721 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most prevalent metabolic syndromes worldwide. However, no approved pharmacological treatments are available for MAFLD. Chenpi, one kind of dried peel of citrus fruits, has traditionally been utilized as a medicinal herb for liver diseases. Didymin is a newly identified oral bioactive dietary flavonoid glycoside derived from Chenpi. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Didymin as an anti-MAFLD drug and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet (HFD)-induced MAFLD mice and alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells were utilized to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of Didymin in the treatment of MAFLD. Liver weight, serum biochemical parameters, and liver morphology were examined to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of Didymin in MAFLD treatment. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify potential pathways that could be affected by Didymin. The impact of Didymin on Sirt1 was corroborated through western blot, molecular docking analysis, microscale thermophoresis (MST), and deacetylase activity assay. Then, a Sirt1 inhibitor (EX-527) was utilized to confirm that Didymin alleviates MAFLD via Sirt1. Western blot and additional assays were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Our results suggested that Didymin may possess therapeutic potential against MAFLD in vitro and in vivo. By promoting Sirt1 expression as well as directly binding to and activating Sirt1, Didymin triggers downstream pathways that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and function while reducing apoptosis and enhancing lipophagy. CONCLUSIONS These suggest that Didymin could be a promising medication for MAFLD treatment. Furthermore, its therapeutic effects are mediated by Sirt1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Meng-Meng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hui-Qing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Long-Qing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Ming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xin-Guo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Jinan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Mustika S, Santosaningsih D, Handayani D, Rudijanto A. Impact of multiple different high-fat diets on metabolism, inflammatory markers, dysbiosis, and liver histology: study on NASH rat model induced diet. F1000Res 2023; 12:180. [PMID: 39229607 PMCID: PMC11369591 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129645.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can lead to advanced liver disease. It is known that a variety of diets play a significant role in the development of NAFLD/NASH. The goal of this study was to determine the most appropriate composition of diet to induce NASH in an animal model. Methods This research used Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar (n=27), which were divided into four groups and given each diet for 12 weeks: normal diet (ND, n=7), high-fat diet (HFD, n=6), western diet (WD, n=7), and high-fat-high-fructose diet (HFHFD, n=7). Subjects were monitored for changes in body weight. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic lipase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fecal samples were taken for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis. Liver histology was assessed using NAS (NAFLD activity score). A statistical comparison test was carried out using the one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The highest average body weight was observed in the WD group (346.14 g). Liver enzymes, LDL, triglyceride, propionic acid, and acetic acid did not show significantly differences among the groups. TNF-α, IL-6, and hepatic lipase were significant (p = 0.000; p = 0.000; p = 0.004) and the highest level recorded in the HFD group. Butyrate acid level also showed significances (p = 0.021) with the lowest concentration seen in the HFHFD group (4.77 mMol/g). Only WD and HFHFD had a NAS ≥ 5 (14% and 14%). The highest percentage of borderline NAS was found in WD (57%). Conclusions WD feeding is the most appropriate diet type to induce NASH in rats as it influences metabolic, inflammatory, dysbiosis, and liver histology of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syifa Mustika
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Santosaningsih
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Dian Handayani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Rudijanto
- Endocrine Metabolic & Diabetes Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya - Dr Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Indonesia
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28
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Jiang C, Saiki Y, Hirota S, Iwata K, Wang X, Ito Y, Murakami K, Imura T, Inoue J, Masamune A, Hirayama A, Goto M, Furukawa T. Ablation of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 6 Protects against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Cytochrome P450 4A and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1988-2000. [PMID: 37741451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is a specific phosphatase for mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). This study used a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced murine nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model to investigate the role of DUSP6 in this disease. Wild-type (WT) and Dusp6-haploinsufficiency mice developed severe obesity and liver pathology consistent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease when exposed to HFD. In contrast, Dusp6-knockout (KO) mice completely eliminated these phenotypes. Furthermore, primary hepatocytes isolated from WT mice exposed to palmitic and oleic acids exhibited abundant intracellular lipid accumulation, whereas hepatocytes from Dusp6-KO mice showed minimal lipid accumulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant down-regulation of genes encoding cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A), known to promote ω-hydroxylation of fatty acids and hepatic steatosis, in Dusp6-KO hepatocytes compared with that in WT hepatocytes. Diminished CYP4A expression was observed in the liver of Dusp6-KO mice compared with WT and Dusp6-haploinsufficiency mice. Knockdown of DUSP6 in HepG2, a human liver-lineage cell line, also promoted a reduction of lipid accumulation, down-regulation of CYP4A, and up-regulation of phosphorylated/activated MAPK. Furthermore, inhibition of MAPK activity promoted lipid accumulation in DUSP6-knockdown HepG2 cells without affecting CYP4A expression, indicating that CYP4A expression is independent of MAPK activation. These findings highlight the significant role of DUSP6 in HFD-induced steatohepatitis through two distinct pathways involving CYP4A and MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Jiang
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuriko Saiki
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Shuto Hirota
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kosei Iwata
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ito
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keigo Murakami
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takehiro Imura
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toru Furukawa
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Yang X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Wei F, Li X, Feng Y, Jin X, Liu D, Guo Y, Hu Y. Inulin-enriched Megamonas funiformis ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by producing propionic acid. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:84. [PMID: 37925493 PMCID: PMC10625582 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence supports the beneficial role of inulin in alleviating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) by modulating gut microbiota. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we used high-fat diet (HFD)-induced laying hen model of MAFLD to investigate the effect of inulin on ameliorating MAFLD and found that the inulin-enriched Megamonas genus was inversely correlated with hepatic steatosis-related parameters. Oral administration of a newly isolated commensal bacterium by culturomics, M. funiformis CML154, to HFD-fed hens and mice ameliorated MAFLD, changed liver gene expression profiles, and increased intestinal propionate concentration. Further evidence demonstrated that the anti-MAFLD effect of M. funiformis CML154 is attributed to propionate-mediated activation of the APN-AMPK-PPARα signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting fatty acid de novo synthesis and promoting β-oxidation. These findings establish the causal relationships among inulin, M. funiformis, and MAFLD, and suggest that M. funiformis CML154 is a probiotic candidate for preventative or therapeutic intervention of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Fuxiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
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30
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Sabir U, Gu HM, Zhang DW. Extracellular matrix turnover: phytochemicals target and modulate the dual role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in liver fibrosis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4932-4962. [PMID: 37461256 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) resolution by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a well-documented mechanism. MMPs play a dual and complex role in modulating ECM degradation at different stages of liver fibrosis, depending on the timing and levels of their expression. Increased MMP-1 combats disease progression by cleaving the fibrillar ECM. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) increase expression of MMP-2, -9, and -13 in different chemicals-induced animal models, which may alleviate or worsen disease progression based on animal models and the stage of liver fibrosis. In the early stage, elevated expression of certain MMPs may damage surrounding tissue and activate HSCs, promoting fibrosis progression. At the later stage, downregulation of MMPs can facilitate ECM accumulation and disease progression. A number of phytochemicals modulate MMP activity and ECM turnover, alleviating disease progression. However, the effects of phytochemicals on the expression of different MMPs are variable and may depend on the disease models and stage, and the dosage, timing and duration of phytochemicals used in each study. Here, we review the most recent advances in the role of MMPs in the effects of phytochemicals on liver fibrogenesis, which indicates that further studies are warranted to confirm and define the potential clinical efficacy of these phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Sabir
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hong-Mei Gu
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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31
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Kumari D, Gautam J, Sharma V, Gupta SK, Sarkar S, Jana P, Singhal V, Babele P, Kamboj P, Bajpai S, Tandon R, Kumar Y, Dikshit M. Effect of herbal extracts and Saroglitazar on high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic lipidome in C57BL/6J mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22051. [PMID: 38027691 PMCID: PMC10663915 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of select herbal extracts (Tinospora cordifolia [TC], Tinospora cordifolia with Piper longum [TC + PL], Withania somnifera [WS], Glycyrrhiza glabra [GG], AYUSH-64 [AY-64], and Saroglitazar [S]) on various parameters in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. After 12 weeks of oral administration of the herbal extracts in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice, we analyzed plasma biochemical parameters, insulin resistance (IR), liver histology, and the expression of inflammatory and fibrosis markers, along with hepatic lipidome. We also used a 3D hepatic spheroid model to assess their impact on profibrotic gene expression. Among the extracts, TC + PL showed a significant reduction in IR, liver weight, TNF-α, IL4, IL10 expression, and hepatic lipid levels (saturated triglycerides, ceramides, lysophosphocholines, acylcarnitines, diglycerides, and phosphatidylinositol levels). Saroglitazar reversed changes in body weight, IR, plasma triglycerides, glucose, insulin, and various hepatic lipid species (fatty acids, phospholipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and triglycerides). With the exception of GG, Saroglitazar, and other extracts protected against palmitic acid-induced fibrosis marker gene expression in the 3D spheroids. TC + PL and Saroglitazar also effectively prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance, inflammation, and specific harmful lipid species in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kumari
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Jyoti Gautam
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Sharma
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Soumalya Sarkar
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradipta Jana
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Singhal
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhakar Babele
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Parul Kamboj
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sneh Bajpai
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | | | - Yashwant Kumar
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Rd, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
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32
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Askar ME, Ali SI, Younis NN, Shaheen MA, Zaher ME. Raspberry ketone ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by activating the AMPK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176001. [PMID: 37598925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered raspberry ketone (RK) on ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced in rats by high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) in comparison to calorie restriction (CR) regimen. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into two experimental groups; one was fed normal chow diet (NCD, n = 6) for 15 weeks to serve as normal control group and the other group was fed HFFD (n = 24) for 7 weeks to induce NAFLD. After induction, rats in the HFFD group were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 6 rats each). One group continued on HFFD feeding for 8 weeks (NAFLD control group). The remaining 3 groups received NCD, calorie-restricted diet, or NCD along with RK (55 mg/kg/day, orally) for 8 weeks. Like CR, RK effectively attenuated NAFLD and ameliorated the changes attained by HFFD. RK upregulated the expression of the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK) and fatty acid oxidation factors; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and downregulated lipogenic factors; sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the hepatic tissue. Also, RK improved lipid profile parameters, liver enzymes and both body and liver tissue weights. Altogether, these findings suggest that oral administration of RK, along with normal diet, ameliorated NAFLD in a way similar to CR. This approach could be an alternative to CR in the management of NAFLD, overcoming the poor compliance to long term CR regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat E Askar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Sousou I Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Zaher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
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Shang Y, Morioka T, Daino K, Nakayama T, Nishimura M, Kakinuma S. Ionizing radiation promotes, whereas calorie restriction suppresses, NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1529-1542. [PMID: 37458118 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The pathological conditions of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Exposure to DNA-damaging agents such as ionizing radiation is another risk factor for HCC; calorie restriction (CR), however, effectively delays the onset of radiation-induced HCC. We investigated whether NASH is relevant to radiation-induced HCC and the cancer-preventing effect of CR. Eight-day-old male B6C3F1 mice were irradiated with 3.8 Gy of X-rays and then fed a standard diet or 30% CR diet from 49 days of age until necropsy, which was performed from 56 to 600 days with ~100-day intervals to assess both pathological changes and gene expression levels. We found that early-life exposure to radiation accelerated lipid accumulation and NASH-like histopathological changes in the liver, accompanied by accelerated development of HCC. CR ameliorated the changes in lipid metabolism in the liver and reversed the NASH-like pathology, which effectively delayed HCC development. Gene-expression profiling revealed the radiation-related activation and CR-related suppression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/Cd36 pathway of transmembrane fatty-acid translocation before development of the NASH-like state. Thus, early-life exposure to radiation affects lipid metabolism and induces a steatoinflammatory microenvironment that favors HCC development. Therefore, targeting this pathway by CR (or measures that mimic CR) may be a promising strategy for preventing HCC caused by either radiation or other DNA-damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shang
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Morioka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Daino
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakayama
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nishimura
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Shizuko Kakinuma
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
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Zhang N, Liu T, Wang J, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Dai J, Ma Z, Ma D. Si-Ni-San Reduces Hepatic Lipid Deposition in Rats with Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease by AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3047-3060. [PMID: 37808345 PMCID: PMC10559901 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s417378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic disease characterized by excessive lipid deposition in the liver without alcohol or other clear liver-damaging factors. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silencing information regulator (SIRT)1 signaling pathway plays an important role in MAFLD development. Si-Ni-San (SNS), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown reducing hepatic lipid deposition in MAFLD rats, however, the underlying mechanisms of SNS are barely understood. Purpose The aim of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of SNS in reducing hepatic lipid deposition in MAFLD rats by regulating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathways. Methods The components of SNS were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. MAFLD rats were induced by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD), and treated by SNS. SNS-containing serum and Compound C (AMPK inhibitor) were used to treat palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells. To elucidate the potential mechanism, lipid synthesis-related proteins (SREBP-1c and FAS), fatty acid oxidation (PPARα and CPT-1), and AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway (p-AMPK and SIRT1) were assessed by Western blot. Results SNS improved serum lipid levels, liver function and reduced hepatic lipid deposition in MAFLD rats. SNS-containing serum reduced lipid deposition in PA-induced HepG2 cells. SNS could up-regulate protein expressions of PPARα, CPT-1, p-AMPK and SIRT1, and down-regulate protein expressions of SREBP-1c and FAS. Similar effects of SNS-containing serum were observed in PA-induced HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, Compound C weakened the therapeutic effects of SNS-containing serum on lipid deposition. Conclusion SNS could reduce hepatic lipid deposition by inhibiting lipid synthesis and promoting fatty acid oxidation, which might be related with activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of SNS to treat MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Dai
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donglai Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050200, People’s Republic of China
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Huang WJ, Qiu BJ, Qi XS, Chen CY, Liu WM, Zhou SA, Ding M, Lu FF, Zhao J, Tang D, Zhou X, Fu GB, Wang ZY, Ma HQ, Wu YL, Wu HP, Chen XS, Yu WF, Yan HX. CD24 +LCN2 + liver progenitor cells in ductular reaction contributed to macrophage inflammatory responses in chronic liver injury. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:184. [PMID: 37784089 PMCID: PMC10546777 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD24+CK19+/CD24+SOX9+ resident liver cells are activated and expanded after chronic liver injury in a ductular reaction. However, the sources and functions of these cells in liver damage remain disputed. RESULTS The current study combined genetic lineage tracing with in vitro small-molecule-based reprogramming to define liver progenitor cells (LPCs) derived from hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal tissues. tdTom+ hepatocytes were isolated from ROSA26tdTomato mice following AAV8-Tbg-Cre-mediated recombination, EpCAM+ biliary epithelial cells (BECs) from wild-type intrahepatic bile ducts and ALB/GFP-EpCAM- cells were isolated from AlbCreERT/R26GFP mice. A cocktail of small molecules was used to convert the isolated cells into LPCs. These in vitro cultured LPCs with CD24 and SOX9 expression regained the ability to proliferate. Transcriptional profiling showed that the in-vitro cultured LPCs derived from the resident LPCs in non-parenchymal tissues expressed Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) at high levels. Accordingly, endogenous Cd24a+Lcn2+ LPCs were identified by integration of sc-RNA-sequencing and pathological datasets of liver dysfunction which indicates that LPCs produced by ductular reactions might also originate from the resident LPCs. Transplantation of in-vitro cultured Cd24a+Lcn2+ LPCs into CCl4-induced fibrotic livers exacerbated liver damage and dysfunction, possibly due to LCN2-dependent macrophage inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS CD24+LCN2+ LPCs constituted the expanding ductular reaction and contributed to macrophage-mediated inflammation in chronic liver damage. The current findings highlight the roles of LPCs from distinct origins and expose the possibility of targeting LPCs in the treatment of chronic hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Celliver Biotechnology Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Bi-Jun Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Shu Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Yang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wen-Ming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Min Ding
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Feng Lu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University., Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong-Bo Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Qian Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Ping Wu
- International Cooperation Laboratory On Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Song Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - He-Xin Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Celliver Biotechnology Inc., Shanghai, China.
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Liu L, Sun S, Li X. A network pharmacology-based approach to explore the effect of dihydromyricetin on non-alcoholic fatty liver rats via regulating PPARG and CASP3. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 71:101926. [PMID: 37567321 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent hepatopathy in China, with few effective cures currently. This work aimed to confirm the effect of DHM in vivo/vitro and explore the potential mechanism based on a network pharmacology-based approach. METHODS The rats were fed using a high-fat diet (HFD) to accumulate lipid. DHM at different concentrations was used to treat the HFD rats. The serum total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected using ELISA kits. The target genes of DHM against NAFLD were screened by online databases. Then, the cytotoxicity of DHM in primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells was determined by MTT reagent. qRT-PCR was used to quantify the expression level of PPAGR and CASP3 mRNA. Cell apoptosis and intracellular triglyceride (TG) were detected. RESULTS HFD diet increased rat liver weight/body weight ratio, serum TC, ALT, and AST. But DHM treatment can reduce these elevated indicators. DHM targeted 14 potential genes in NAFLD. PPARG and CASP3 were two hub genes for DHM against NAFLD, with score factor coefficients of -7.1 and -6.8 kcal/mol. DHM reduced the increased PPARG mRNA level and intracellular TG induced by palmitic acid. DHM can reduce the increased CASP3 mRNA level and cell apoptosis induced by palmitic acid. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates a mechanism of DHM that alleviates lipid metabolism disorder and cell apoptosis for the treatment of NAFLD, evidencing the potential application of DHM in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China.
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Cao P, Wang Y, Zhang C, Sullivan MA, Chen W, Jing X, Yu H, Li F, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Wang Q, Tian W, Qiu Z, Luo L. Quercetin ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via the promotion of AMPK-mediated hepatic mitophagy. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 120:109414. [PMID: 37423322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been surging in recent years, however, no drug is currently approved to treat this disease. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid abundant in plants and fruits, has been reported to alleviate NAFLD, however, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to further elucidate its potential mechanism of action. The beneficial effects and the underlying mechanism of quercetin in alleviating NAFLD were explored both in vitro and in vivo, by employing chemical inhibitors of autophagosomes (3-methyladenine, 3-MA), autolysosomes (chloroquine, CQ), AMPK (Compound C, CC) and SIRT1 (selisistat, EX-527). The levels of intracellular lipids, reactive oxygen species, mitochondria function, autophagy, and mitophagy were assessed by fluorescent labeling and examined using flow cytometry or confocal microscopy. Key protein expressions of autophagy, mitophagy, and inflammation were also determined. In vivo, quercetin was shown to dose-dependently effectively alleviate NAFLD, but intraperitoneal injection of 3-MA could block the beneficial effects of quercetin on body weight, liver weight, serum ALT/AST, hepatic ROS and inflammation. In vitro, quercetin could reduce intracellular lipids (Nile Red staining) and ROS/DHE accumulation, which could be also blocked by 3-MA or CQ. Furthermore, we found that CC could abrogate the protective effects of quercetin on lipid and ROS accumulation in vitro. Also, CC abolished the proautophagic and anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin, as shown by western blot determination and Lyso-Tracker labeling. Importantly, mitophagy, a specific form of mitochondria-targeted autophagy, was enhanced by quercetin, as demonstrated by PINK1/Parkin protein variation and immunofluorescence colocalization of autophagosomes and mitochondria, which could also be blocked by the intervention of CC. This study demonstrates that quercetin prevents NAFLD through AMPK-mediated mitophagy and suggests that promoting mitophagy via an upregulation of AMPK may be a promising therapeutic strategy against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Mitchell A Sullivan
- Translational Research Institute, Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Jing
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huifan Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Qu Wang
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Tian
- The First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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Lin TY, Zhang YF, Wang Y, Liu Y, Xu J, Liu YL. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease aggravates acute pancreatitis through bacterial translocation and cholesterol metabolic dysregulation in the liver and pancreas in mice. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:504-511. [PMID: 35909061 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent risk factor for severe acute pancreatitis (AP). The underlying mechanism remains unclear. We sought to determine how bacterial translocation and cholesterol metabolism in the liver and pancreas affect the severity of AP in NAFLD mice. METHODS C57BL/6N mice were fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) to generate the NAFLD model, and mice in the control group were provided with a normal diet (ND). After being anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine, mice got a retrograde infusion of taurocholic acid sodium into the pancreatic duct to induce AP, and sham operation (SO) was used as control. Serum amylase and Schmidt's pathological score system were used to evaluate AP severity. Bacterial loads, total cholesterol level, and cholesterol metabolic-associated molecules [low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)] were analyzed in the liver and pancreas. RESULTS Compared with the ND-AP group, mice in the HFD-AP group had severer pancreatitis, manifested with higher serum amylase levels and higher AP pathologic scores, especially the inflammation and hemorrhage scores. Compared with the HFD-SO group and ND-AP group, bacterial loads in the liver and pancreas were significantly higher in the HFD-AP group. Mice in the HFD-AP group showed a decreased LDLR expression and an increased ABCA1 expression in the pancreas, although there was no significant difference in pancreas total cholesterol between the HFD-AP group and the ND-AP group. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD aggravates AP via increasing bacterial translocation in the liver and pancreas and affecting pancreas cholesterol metabolism in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yu-Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
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Chen X, Shi W, Xie Y, Wang Y, Yao Q, Ke H, Xu X, Liu H, Liu P, Zhou X. Hepatic Krüppel-like factor 14 regulates lipid metabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23070. [PMID: 37389939 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300448r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation is a critical characteristic in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The underlying molecular mechanism, however, is unclear. In this study, we explored whether and how Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) affects hepatic lipid metabolism in NASH. KLF14 expression was detected in NASH patients and mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD). Adeno-associated viruses and adenoviruses were used to alter hepatic KLF14 expression in vivo or in vitro to investigate how KLF14 functions in lipid regulation. The molecular mechanisms were explored using RNA-seq, luciferase reporter, and ChIP assays. The fatty liver phenotype was analyzed histopathologically, and serum and hepatocyte biochemical parameters were measured. The NASH mouse model developed quickly in C57BL/6J mice fed a CDAHFD for 8 weeks. We found that KLF14 expression was decreased in NASH patients and CDAHFD mice. Oleic acid and palmitic acid treatment also reduced KLF14 levels in hepatocytes. KLF14 knockdown downregulated the genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, promoting the progression of hepatic steatosis. In contrast, hepatic KLF14 overexpression alleviated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in CDAHFD mice. These effects resulted from direct activation of the PPARα signaling pathway. PPARα inhibition diminished the KLF14 overexpression-reduced protective effects against steatosis in OA&PA-treated MPHs and AAV-KLF14-infected CDAHFD mice. These data reveal that hepatic KLF14 regulates lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through the KLF14-PPARα pathway as NASH progresses. KLF14 may be a novel therapeutic target for hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunwu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huajing Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Pi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Wang H, Shen H, Seo W, Hwang S. Experimental models of fatty liver diseases: Status and appraisal. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00200. [PMID: 37378635 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver diseases, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), affect a large number of people worldwide and become one of the major causes of end-stage liver disease, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments for ALD or NAFLD. This situation highlights the urgent need to explore new intervention targets and discover effective therapeutics for ALD and NAFLD. The lack of properly validated preclinical disease models is a major obstacle to the development of clinical therapies. ALD and NAFLD models have been in the development for decades, but there are still no models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD and NAFLD. Throughout this review, we summarize the current in vitro and in vivo models used for research on fatty liver diseases and discuss the advantages and limitations of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyuan Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wonhyo Seo
- Laboratory of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Alabdulaali B, Al-rashed F, Al-Onaizi M, Kandari A, Razafiarison J, Tonui D, Williams MR, Blériot C, Ahmad R, Alzaid F. Macrophages and the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1195699. [PMID: 37377968 PMCID: PMC10291618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the site of first pass metabolism, detoxifying and metabolizing blood arriving from the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery. It is made up of multiple cell types, including macrophages. These are either bona fide tissue-resident Kupffer cells (KC) of embryonic origin, or differentiated from circulating monocytes. KCs are the primary immune cells populating the liver under steady state. Liver macrophages interact with hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells to maintain homeostasis, however they are also key contributors to disease progression. Generally tolerogenic, they physiologically phagocytose foreign particles and debris from portal circulation and participate in red blood cell clearance. However as immune cells, they retain the capacity to raise an alarm to recruit other immune cells. Their aberrant function leads to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD refers to a spectrum of conditions ranging from benign steatosis of the liver to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. In NAFLD, the multiple hit hypothesis proposes that simultaneous influences from the gut and adipose tissue (AT) generate hepatic fat deposition and that inflammation plays a key role in disease progression. KCs initiate the inflammatory response as resident immune effectors, they signal to neighbouring cells and recruit monocytes that differentiated into recruited macrophages in situ. Recruited macrophages are central to amplifying the inflammatory response and causing progression of NAFLD to its fibro-inflammatory stages. Given their phagocytic capacity and their being instrumental in maintaining tissue homeostasis, KCs and recruited macrophages are fast-becoming target cell types for therapeutic intervention. We review the literature in the field on the roles of these cells in the development and progression of NAFLD, the characteristics of patients with NAFLD, animal models used in research, as well as the emerging questions. These include the gut-liver-brain axis, which when disrupted can contribute to decline in function, and a discussion on therapeutic strategies that act on the macrophage-inflammatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alabdulaali
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Mohammed Al-Onaizi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Anwar Kandari
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Joanna Razafiarison
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Dorothy Tonui
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Camille Blériot
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Inserm U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Université Paris Cité, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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Chen Y, Wang W, Morgan MP, Robson T, Annett S. Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and therapeutic targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1148934. [PMID: 37361533 PMCID: PMC10286797 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and overwhelming evidence indicates that it is a risk factor for numerous cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis develops from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and ultimately to HCC. The rising incidence of obesity is resulting in an increased prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, and subsequently HCC. Obesity represents an increasingly important underlying etiology of HCC, in particular as the other leading causes of HCC such as hepatitis infection, are declining due to effective treatments and vaccines. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated HCC. We summarize the preclinical experimental animal models available to study the features of NAFLD/NASH/HCC, and the non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD, NASH and early-stage HCC. Finally, since HCC is an aggressive tumor with a 5-year survival of less than 20%, we will also discuss novel therapeutic targets for obesity-associated HCC and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Maria P. Morgan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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Ye X, Chen Y, Qi J, Zhu S, Wu Y, Xiong J, Hu F, Guo Z, Liang X. Design and pharmaceutical evaluation of bifunctional fusion protein of FGF21 and GLP-1 in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175811. [PMID: 37245859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) may be useful for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous studies have shown that GLP-1 may synergize with FGF21 in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Currently, no approved drug therapy is available for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we constructed and screened dual-targeting fusion proteins of GLP-1 and FGF21, connected by elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), to investigate whether a combination of these two hormones would have therapeutic effects in models of NASH. The temperature phase transition and release of the hormones under physiological conditions were studied to identify a bifunctional fusion protein of FGF21 and GLP-1 (GEF) that was highly stable and showed sustained release. We further evaluated the quality and therapeutic efficacy of GEF in three mouse models of NASH. We successfully synthesized a novel recombinant bifunctional fusion protein with high stability and low immunogenicity. The GEF protein synthesized ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation, hepatocyte damage, and inflammation; prevented the progression of NASH in the three models; reduced glycemia; and caused weight loss. This novel GEF molecule may be suitable for clinical use for the treatment of NAFLD/NASH and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Ye
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China.
| | - Yingli Chen
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jianying Qi
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jingjing Xiong
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Abdelraheem KM, Younis NN, Shaheen MA, Elswefy SE, Ali SI. Raspberry ketone improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced in rats by modulating sphingosine kinase/sphingosine-1-phosphate and toll-like receptor 4 pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7160323. [PMID: 37167472 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the therapeutic role of calorie-restricted diet (CR) and raspberry ketone (RK) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the implication of sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling. METHODS NAFLD was induced by feeding rats high-fat-fructose-diet (HFFD) for 6 weeks. Rats were then randomly assigned to three groups (n = 6 each); NAFLD group continued on HFFD for another 8 weeks. CR group was switched to CR diet (25% calorie restriction) for 8 weeks and RK group was switched to normal diet and received RK (55 mg/kg/day; orally) for 8 weeks. Another six rats were used as normal control. KEY FINDINGS HFFD induced a state of NAFLD indicated by increased fat deposition in liver tissue along with dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammation. Either CR diet or RK reversed these changes and decreased HFFD-induced elevation of hepatic SphK1, S1P, S1PR1 and TLR4. Of notice, RK along with a normal calorie diet was even better than CR alone in most studied parameters. CONCLUSIONS SphK1/S1P and TLR4 are interconnected and related to the establishment of HFFD-induced NAFLD and can be modulated by RK. Supplementation of RK without calorie restriction to patients with NAFLD unable to follow CR diet to achieve their treatment goals would be a promising therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem M Abdelraheem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University - Qantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Younis
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sahar E Elswefy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Sciences and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Sousou I Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Lee JY, An M, Heo H, Park JY, Lee J, Kang CH. Limosilactobacillus fermentum MG4294 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG5289 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15082005. [PMID: 37111223 PMCID: PMC10143775 DOI: 10.3390/nu15082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and the leading cause of liver-related deaths worldwide. It has been established that microorganisms are involved in the interaction between the intestinal lumen and the liver; therefore, studies on probiotics as potential candidates are increasing. This study evaluated the effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum MG4294 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG5289 on NAFLD. The MG4294 and MG5289 reduced lipid accumulation in FFA-induced HepG2 by suppressing the adipogenic proteins through the regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The administration of these strains in the HFD-induced mice model lowered body weight, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and cholesterol levels. In particular, MG4294 and MG5289 restored liver TG and TC to normal levels by lowering lipid and cholesterol-related proteins via the modulation of AMPK in the liver tissue. In addition, the administration of MG4294 and MG5289 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β-, and IL6) in the intestinal tissues of the HFD-induced mouse model. In conclusion, MG4294 and MG5289 can be presented as probiotics with the potential to prevent NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Lee
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju An
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijin Heo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Park
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Kang
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Tang K, Yang L, Jiang Y, Wang J, Huang P, Wang J, Zheng P, Song H. Protopanaxadiol ameliorates NAFLD by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism through AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114319. [PMID: 36724639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the main chronic liver diseases worldwide. Protopanaxadiol (PPD), an active compound derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, has been found able to improve free fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. However, the efficacy of PPD on NAFLD and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 22 weeks to induce the NAFLD model, and then were treated with PPD by gavage for 8 weeks. Moreover, AML12 and HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acids for 24 h, were treated with different doses of PPD and/or AMPK or SIRT1 inhibitor to explore the pharmacological mechanism of PPD. The results showed that mice with PPD treatment had significantly reduced liver weight and serum aminotransferase levels, less severe hepatosteatosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissues when compared with the model mice. PPD also reversed the down-regulated activation of AMPK and SIRT1 expression as well as the change of lipid metabolism-related molecules in the mice liver tissues. Consistently, the in vitro experiments showed the effect of PPD in ameliorating lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. The inhibitor of AMPK or SIRT1 suppressed the AMPK and SIRT1 signaling and markedly diminished the anti-steatosis effect of PPD. In conclusion, our results prove the ameliorating impact of PPD on NAFLD and also reveal the involvement of regulation of AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway-mediated lipid metabolism in the underlying mechanism, suggesting PPD as a potential natural compound for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Teaching Experiment Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kaiyue Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shanghai Yueyang Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Haiyan Song
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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47
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Mautone Gomes H, Silveira AK, Gasparotto J, Bortolin RC, Terra SR, Brum PO, Gelain DP, Fonseca Moreira JC. Effects of coconut oil long-term supplementation in Wistar rats during metabolic syndrome - regulation of metabolic conditions involving glucose homeostasis, inflammatory signals, and oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109272. [PMID: 36681309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effects of Fructose (20%) feeding in rats, simulating metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the effects of coconut oil (C.O.) supplementation when administered in a MetS context. MetS is a cluster of systemic conditions that represent an increased chance of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in the future. C.O. has been the target of media speculation, and recent studies report inconsistent results. C.O. improved glucose homeostasis and reduced fat accumulation in Fructose-fed rats while decreasing the levels of triglycerides (TGs) in the liver. C.O. supplementation also increased TGs levels and fructosamine in serum during MetS, possibly due to white adipose tissue breakdown and high fructose feeding. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were also increased in rats treated with Fructose and C.O. Oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine is increased in fructose-fed animals, and C.O. treatment did not prevent this damage. No significant changes were observed in lipoperoxidation marker 4-Hydroxynonenal; however, fructose feeding increased total conjugated dienes and caused conjugated dienes to switch their conformation from cis-trans to trans-trans, which was not prevented by C.O. treatment. Potential benefits of C.O. have been reported with inconsistent results, and indeed we observed some benefits of C.O. supplementation in aiding weight loss, fat accumulation, and improving glucose homeostasis. Nonetheless, we also demonstrated that long-term C.O. supplementation could present some problematic effects with higher risk for individuals suffering MetS, including increased TGs and fructosamine levels and conformational changes in dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre K Silveira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad de La Costa - Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Silvia R Terra
- Hospital Veterinário UNISUL, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Dehon, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Pedro O Brum
- Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, Universität Wien, department of microbiology, immunology and genetics, Max Perutz Labs, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel P Gelain
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - José C Fonseca Moreira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
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48
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Izawa T, Travlos GS, Cortes RA, Clayton NP, Sills RC, Pandiri AR. Absence of Increased Susceptibility to Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in a Diet-Induced NAFLD Mouse Model. Toxicol Pathol 2023; 51:112-125. [PMID: 37158481 PMCID: PMC10523943 DOI: 10.1177/01926233231171101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and its influence on drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is not fully understood. We investigated whether NAFLD can influence acetaminophen (APAP [N-acetyl-p-aminophenol])-induced hepatotoxicity in a diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model of NAFLD. The male C57BL/6NTac DIO mice, fed a high-fat diet for more than 12 weeks, developed obesity, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and hepatomegaly with hepatic steatosis, similar to human NAFLD. In the acute toxicity study after a single dose of APAP (150 mg/kg), compared with control lean mice, the DIO mice had decreased serum transaminase levels and less severe hepatocellular injury. The DIO mice also had altered expression of genes related to APAP metabolism. Chronic APAP exposure for 26 weeks did not predispose the DIO mice with NAFLD to more severe hepatotoxicity compared with the lean mice. These results suggested that the C57BL/6NTac DIO mouse model appears to be more tolerant to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity than lean mice, potentially related to altered xenobiotic metabolizing capacity in the fatty liver. Further mechanistic studies with APAP and other drugs in NAFLD animal models are necessary to investigate the mechanism of altered susceptibility to intrinsic DILI in some human NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Izawa
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gregory S. Travlos
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ricardo A. Cortes
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Natasha P. Clayton
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Robert C. Sills
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Arun R. Pandiri
- Comparative and Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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49
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Lavin B, Eykyn TR, Phinikaridou A, Xavier A, Kumar S, Buqué X, Aspichueta P, Sing-Long C, Arrese M, Botnar RM, Andia ME. Characterization of hepatic fatty acids using magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the assessment of treatment response to metformin in an eNOS -/- mouse model of metabolic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023:e4932. [PMID: 36940044 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis and staging of disease. There is a clinical need for noninvasive diagnostic tools for risk stratification, follow-up, and monitoring treatment response that are currently lacking, as well as preclinical models that recapitulate the etiology of the human condition. We have characterized the progression of NAFLD in eNOS-/- mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) using noninvasive Dixon-based magnetic resonance imaging and single voxel STEAM spectroscopy-based protocols to measure liver fat fraction at 3 T. After 8 weeks of diet intervention, eNOS-/- mice exhibited significant accumulation of intra-abdominal and liver fat compared with control mice. Liver fat fraction measured by 1 H-MRS in vivo showed a good correlation with the NAFLD activity score measured by histology. Treatment of HFD-fed NOS3-/- mice with metformin showed significantly reduced liver fat fraction and altered hepatic lipidomic profile compared with untreated mice. Our results show the potential of in vivo liver MRI and 1 H-MRS to noninvasively diagnose and stage the progression of NAFLD and to monitor treatment response in an eNOS-/- murine model that represents the classic NAFLD phenotype associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Lavin
- School of Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas R Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alkystis Phinikaridou
- School of Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aline Xavier
- Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shravan Kumar
- School of Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xabier Buqué
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine and Nursing, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine and Nursing, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Vizcaya, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Carlos Sing-Long
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Arrese
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, London, UK
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo E Andia
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine and Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Ye Q, Liu Y, Zhang G, Deng H, Wang X, Tuo L, Chen C, Pan X, Wu K, Fan J, Pan Q, Wang K, Huang A, Tang N. Deficiency of gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 promotes metabolic-associated fatty liver disease through PI3K/AKT/PDGF axis activation in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1402. [PMID: 36918564 PMCID: PMC10015095 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) encompasses a broad spectrum of hepatic disorders, including steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis. We demonstrated that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) plays a central role in MAFLD progression. Male mice with liver Pck1 deficiency fed a normal diet displayed hepatic lipid disorder and liver injury, whereas fibrosis and inflammation were aggravated in mice fed a high-fat diet with drinking water containing fructose and glucose (HFCD-HF/G). Forced expression of hepatic PCK1 by adeno-associated virus ameliorated MAFLD in male mice. PCK1 deficiency stimulated lipogenic gene expression and lipid synthesis. Moreover, loss of hepatic PCK1 activated the RhoA/PI3K/AKT pathway by increasing intracellular GTP levels, increasing secretion of platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), and promoting hepatic stellate cell activation. Treatment with RhoA and AKT inhibitors or gene silencing of RhoA or AKT1 alleviated MAFLD progression in vivo. Hepatic PCK1 deficiency may be important in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis development through paracrine secretion of PDGF-AA in male mice, highlighting a potential therapeutic strategy for MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guiji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Tuo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuanming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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