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Ju WK, Ha Y, Choi S, Kim KY, Bastola T, Kim J, Weinreb RN, Zhang W, Miller YI, Choi SH. Restoring AIBP expression in the retina provides neuroprotection in glaucoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562633. [PMID: 37905114 PMCID: PMC10614877 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease manifested in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and irreversible blindness. While lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only proven therapeutic strategy in glaucoma, it is insufficient for preventing disease progression, thus justifying the recent focus on targeting retinal neuroinflammation and preserving RGCs. We have identified apolipoprotein A-I binding protein (AIBP) as the protein regulating several mechanisms of retinal neurodegeneration. AIBP controls excessive cholesterol accumulation via upregulating the cholesterol transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) and reduces inflammatory signaling via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and mitochondrial dysfunction. ABCA1, TLR4 and oxidative phosphorylation components are genetically linked to primary open-angle glaucoma. Here we demonstrated that AIBP and ABCA1 expression was decreased, while TLR4, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), and the cholesterol content increased in the retina of patients with glaucoma and in mouse models of glaucoma. Restoring AIBP expression by a single intravitreal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-AIBP protected RGCs in glaucomatous DBA/2J mice, in mice with microbead-induced chronic IOP elevation, and optic nerve crush. In addition, AIBP expression attenuated TLR4 and IL-1 beta expression, localization of TLR4 to lipid rafts, reduced cholesterol accumulation, and ameliorated visual dysfunction. These studies collectively indicate that restoring AIBP expression in the glaucomatous retina reduces neuroinflammation and protects RGCs and Muller glia, suggesting the therapeutic potential of AAV-AIBP in human glaucoma.
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Kim G, Lee J, Ha J, Kang I, Choe W. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated. Nutrients 2023; 15:5082. [PMID: 38140341 PMCID: PMC10745682 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis, which encompasses the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Sustained ER stress has the potential to disrupt the signaling of the unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby influencing adipogenesis. This comprehensive review illuminates the molecular mechanisms that underpin the interplay between ER stress and adipogenesis. We delve into the dysregulation of UPR pathways, namely, IRE1-XBP1, PERK and ATF6 in relation to adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and tissue inflammation. Moreover, we scrutinize how ER stress impacts key adipogenic transcription factors such as proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) along with their interaction with other signaling pathways. The cellular ramifications include alterations in lipid metabolism, dysregulation of adipokines, and aged adipose tissue inflammation. We also discuss the potential roles the molecular chaperones cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B play in adipogenesis. By shedding light on the intricate relationship between ER stress and adipogenesis, this review paves the way for devising innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuhui Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30609, USA;
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Sinapine Alleviate Macrophage Foaming. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052012. [PMID: 36903257 PMCID: PMC10003987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed polyphenols have cardiovascular protective effects. Sinapine, one main rapeseed polyphenol, possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, no research has been published about the role of sinapine in alleviating macrophage foaming. This study aimed to reveal the macrophage foaming alleviation mechanism of sinapine by applying quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. A new approach was developed to retrieve sinapine from rapeseed meals by using hot-alcohol-reflux-assisted sonication combined with anti-solvent precipitation. The sinapine yield of the new approach was significantly higher than in traditional methods. Proteomics was performed to investigate the effects of sinapine on foam cells, and it showed that sinapine can alleviate foam cell formation. Moreover, sinapine suppressed CD36 expression, enhanced the CDC42 expression, and activated the JAK2 and the STAT3 in the foam cells. These findings suggest that the action of sinapine on foam cells inhibits cholesterol uptake, activates cholesterol efflux, and converts macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. This study confirms the abundance of sinapine in rapeseed oil by-products and elucidates the biochemical mechanisms of sinapine that alleviates macrophage foaming, which may provide new perspectives for reprocessing rapeseed oil by-products.
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Ghanem SE, Elsabaawy MM, Abdelkareem MM, Helal ML, Othman W, Elsayed M, Elsabaawy DM, El Fert A. Evaluation of ABCA1 gene polymorphism as a prognostic index of fibrosis progression in NAFLD patients. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2022; 6:e394. [PMID: 36444680 PMCID: PMC9836255 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It had been evident that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the new era epidemic. Despite emergence of many drugs on the pipeline that considered candidates to cure NAFLD/NASH, the critical need for defining the cohort liable to fibrosis progression is yet unmet. AIM Evaluate ABCA1 (rs1800977) genotyping as a noninvasive predictor of liver fibrosis severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 118 liver biopsy-proven NAFLD-patients. According to Metavir-fibrosis-staging, cases were divided to early fibrosis (74 cases), and 44 cases with significant fibrosis (>F2), added to 49 healthy control subjects. All patients were subjected to liver function tests, lipids profile, triglyceride TG index, and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and real-time PCR ABCA1 SNP (rs1800977). RESULTS Significant differences in transaminases (p > .05), albumin (p < .009), cholesterol (p0.03), low density lipoproteins (LDL) (0.006), triglycerides (p < .001), HSI (p < .001), FIB4 (p < .001) and APRI (p < .001) were reported in those with significant than early fibrosis and control groups. CC was the most prevalent in significant (36.4%) than early fibrosis (13.5%) and control groups (8.2%), with prevalence of C allele in significant fibrosis (p ≤ .003). Univariate analysis revealed that DM (p ≤ .001), TG index (p ≤ .022), cholesterol (p ≤ .03), HSI (p ≤ .006), LDL (p ≤ .02), HDL (p ≤ .01), APRI (p ≤ .02) and CC genotype (p ≤ .005) were the main factors affecting fibrosis progression in NAFLD. However multivariate analysis proved only the role of HSI (p ≤ .005), LDL (p ≤ .02), HDL (p ≤ .003) and CC genotype (p ≤ .03) in predicting fibrosis severity. CONCLUSION Dyslipidemias, hepatic steatosis index and ABCA1 (rs1800977) gene polymorphism CC genotype; were the only independent predictors of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD-patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar E. Ghanem
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Maha M. Elsabaawy
- Depatment of Hepatology and GastroenterologyNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Mervat M. Abdelkareem
- Depatment of Hepatology and GastroenterologyNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Marwa L. Helal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Warda Othman
- Depatment of Hepatology and GastroenterologyNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Mahitab Elsayed
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, Faculty of PharmacyModern technology for technology and information universityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Dalia M. Elsabaawy
- Department of Clinical pharmacy, Faculty of PharmacyMenoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
| | - Ashraf El Fert
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsNational Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityShebeen El‐KoumEgypt
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van Walree ES, Jansen IE, Bell NY, Savage JE, de Leeuw C, Nieuwdorp M, van der Sluis S, Posthuma D. Disentangling Genetic Risks for Metabolic Syndrome. Diabetes 2022; 71:2447-2457. [PMID: 35983957 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A quarter of the world's population is estimated to meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors that promote development of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes, leading to increased risk of premature death and significant health costs. In this study we investigate whether the genetics associated with MetS components mirror their phenotypic clustering. A multivariate approach that leverages genetic correlations of fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and waist circumference was used, which revealed that these genetic correlations are best captured by a genetic one factor model. The common genetic factor genome-wide association study (GWAS) detects 235 associated loci, 174 more than the largest GWAS on MetS to date. Of these loci, 53 (22.5%) overlap with loci identified for two or more MetS components, indicating that MetS is a complex, heterogeneous disorder. Associated loci harbor genes that show increased expression in the brain, especially in GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons. A polygenic risk score drafted from the MetS factor GWAS predicts 5.9% of the variance in MetS. These results provide mechanistic insights into the genetics of MetS and suggestions for drug targets, especially fenofibrate, which has the promise of tackling multiple MetS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva S van Walree
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel Y Bell
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeanne E Savage
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan de Leeuw
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie van der Sluis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, section Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, section Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Hu J, Zhang Y, Hu L, Chen H, Wu H, Chen J, Xie J, Xu B, Wei Z. A reduction of Syndecan-4 in macrophages promotes atherosclerosis by aggravating the proinflammatory capacity of macrophages. Lab Invest 2022; 20:319. [PMID: 35842658 PMCID: PMC9287986 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant cause of mortality worldwide and are characterized by severe atherosclerosis (AS) in patients. However, the molecular mechanism of AS formation remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated the role of syndecan-4 (SDC4), a member of the syndecan family, in atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of SDC4 decreased in mouse severe AS models. Moreover, knockout of SDC4 accelerated high-cholesterol diets (HCD)-induced AS in ApoE-/- mice. Mechanistically, the decrease of SDC4 increased macrophage proinflammatory capacity may be through the PKCα-ABCA1/ABCG1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that SDC4 reduction links macrophages and inflammation to AS and that SDC4 in macrophages provides a therapeutic target for preventing AS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Liaoping Hu
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Haiting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
| | - Zhonghai Wei
- Department of Cardiology, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
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Horgusluoglu E, Neff R, Song W, Wang M, Wang Q, Arnold M, Krumsiek J, Galindo‐Prieto B, Ming C, Nho K, Kastenmüller G, Han X, Baillie R, Zeng Q, Andrews S, Cheng H, Hao K, Goate A, Bennett DA, Saykin AJ, Kaddurah‐Daouk R, Zhang B. Integrative metabolomics-genomics approach reveals key metabolic pathways and regulators of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1260-1278. [PMID: 34757660 PMCID: PMC9085975 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites, the biochemical products of the cellular process, can be used to measure alterations in biochemical pathways related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationships between systemic abnormalities in metabolism and the pathogenesis of AD are poorly understood. In this study, we aim to identify AD-specific metabolomic changes and their potential upstream genetic and transcriptional regulators through an integrative systems biology framework for analyzing genetic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic data in AD. Metabolite co-expression network analysis of the blood metabolomic data in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) shows short-chain acylcarnitines/amino acids and medium/long-chain acylcarnitines are most associated with AD clinical outcomes, including episodic memory scores and disease severity. Integration of the gene expression data in both the blood from the ADNI and the brain from the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) program reveals ABCA1 and CPT1A are involved in the regulation of acylcarnitines and amino acids in AD. Gene co-expression network analysis of the AMP-AD brain RNA-seq data suggests the CPT1A- and ABCA1-centered subnetworks are associated with neuronal system and immune response, respectively. Increased ABCA1 gene expression and adiponectin protein, a regulator of ABCA1, correspond to decreased short-chain acylcarnitines and amines in AD in the ADNI. In summary, our integrated analysis of large-scale multiomics data in AD systematically identifies novel metabolites and their potential regulators in AD and the findings pave a way for not only developing sensitive and specific diagnostic biomarkers for AD but also identifying novel molecular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrin Horgusluoglu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ryan Neff
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Won‐Min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Computational BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsWeill Cornell MedicineInstitute for Computational BiomedicineEnglander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Beatriz Galindo‐Prieto
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsWeill Cornell MedicineInstitute for Computational BiomedicineEnglander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research InstituteBrain and Mind Research InstituteWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Chen Ming
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences; Indiana Alzheimer Disease CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational BiologyHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherbergGermany
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | | | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Shea Andrews
- Department of NeuroscienceRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's DiseaseIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Haoxiang Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of NeuroscienceRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's DiseaseIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences; Indiana Alzheimer Disease CenterIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Rima Kaddurah‐Daouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Duke Institute of Brain SciencesDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of MedicineDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesMount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease ModelingIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale BiologyNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Zhang CJ, Zhu N, Long J, Wu HT, Wang YX, Liu BY, Liao DF, Qin L. Celastrol induces lipophagy via the LXRα/ABCA1 pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1472-1485. [PMID: 33303989 PMCID: PMC8379158 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a triterpene derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f, which displays potential anticancer activity. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of celastrol against clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the underlying mechanisms. Using Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) database we conducted a bioinformatics analysis, which showed that the mRNA levels of liver-X receptors α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in ccRCC tissues were significantly lower than those in adjacent normal tissues. This result was confirmed by immunoblotting analysis of 4 ccRCC clinical specimens, which showed that the protein expression of LXRα and ABCA1 was downregulated. Similar results were obtained in a panel of ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498, SN12C, and OS-RC-2). In 786-O and SN12C cells, treatment with celastrol (0.25-2.0 μM) concentration-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that celastrol inhibited the invasion of 786-O cells through reducing lipid accumulation; celastrol concentration-dependently promoted autophagy to reduce lipid storage. Moreover, we revealed that celastrol dramatically activated LXRα signaling, and degraded lipid droplets by inducing lipophagy in 786-O cells. Finally, celastrol promoted cholesterol efflux from 786-O cells via ABCA1. In high-fat diet-promoted ccRCC cell line 786-O xenograft model, administration of celastrol (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 4 weeks, i.p.) dose-dependently inhibited the tumor growth with upregulated LXRα and ABCA1 protein in tumor tissue. In conclusion, this study reveals that celastrol triggers lipophagy in ccRCC by activating LXRα, promotes ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux, suppresses EMT progress, and ultimately inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as tumor growth. Thus, our study provides evidence that celastrol can be used as a lipid metabolism-based anticancer therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Juan Zhang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Jia Long
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Hong-Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Bi-Yuan Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Li Qin
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Jeong S, Jun JH, Kim JY, Park HJ, Cho YP, Kim GJ. Expression of miRNAs Targeting ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 (ABCA1) among Patients with Significant Carotid Artery Stenosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080920. [PMID: 34440128 PMCID: PMC8406092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Carotid artery stenosis is a dynamic process associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, knowledge of biomarkers useful for identifying and quantifying high-risk carotid plaques associated with the increased incidence of cerebrovascular events is insufficient. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of ATP binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) and validate its target microRNA (miRNA) candidates in human carotid stenosis arteries to identify its potential as a biomarker. Methods: In human carotid stenosis arterial tissues and plasma, the expression of ABCA1 and its target miRNAs (miRNA-33a-5p, 33b-5p, and 148a-3p) were evaluated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The expression of ABCA1 was significantly decreased in the plasma of stenosis patients, but its expression was not different in arterial tissues (p < 0.05). However, significantly more target miRNAs were secreted by stenosis patients than normal patients (p < 0.05). Interestingly, lipotoxicity induced by the oleic and palmitic acid (OAPA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) dramatically enhanced the gene expression of adipogenic and inflammatory factors, whereas ABCA1 expression was significantly decreased. Conclusions: Therefore, miRNA-33a-5p, 33b-5p, and 148a-3p represent possible biomarkers of carotid artery stenosis by directly targeting ABCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonjeong Jeong
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Ji Hye Jun
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.K.); (H.J.P.)
- Research Institute of Placental Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.K.); (H.J.P.)
- Research Institute of Placental Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.K.); (H.J.P.)
| | - Yong-Pil Cho
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.C.); (G.J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-5039 (Y.-P.C.); +82-32-881-7145 (G.J.K.)
| | - Gi Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea; (J.H.J.); (J.Y.K.); (H.J.P.)
- Research Institute of Placental Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.C.); (G.J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-5039 (Y.-P.C.); +82-32-881-7145 (G.J.K.)
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10
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Kotlyarov S. Participation of ABCA1 Transporter in Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3334. [PMID: 33805156 PMCID: PMC8037621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the important medical and social problem. According to modern concepts, COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease, macrophages play a key role in its pathogenesis. Macrophages are heterogeneous in their functions, which is largely determined by their immunometabolic profile, as well as the features of lipid homeostasis, in which the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays an essential role. The objective of this work is the analysis of the ABCA1 protein participation and the function of reverse cholesterol transport in the pathogenesis of COPD. The expression of the ABCA1 gene in lung tissues takes the second place after the liver, which indicates the important role of the carrier in lung function. The participation of the transporter in the development of COPD consists in provision of lipid metabolism, regulation of inflammation, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Violation of the processes in which ABCA1 is involved may be a part of the pathophysiological mechanisms, leading to the formation of a heterogeneous clinical course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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11
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Hayatudin R, Fong Z, Ming LC, Goh BH, Lee WL, Kifli N. Overcoming Chemoresistance via Extracellular Vesicle Inhibition. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:629874. [PMID: 33842540 PMCID: PMC8024536 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.629874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the ever-growing number of cancer deaths worldwide, researchers have been working hard to identify the key reasons behind the failure of cancer therapies so the efficacy of those therapies may be improved. Based on extensive research activities and observations done by researchers, chemoresistance has been identified as a major contributor to the drastic number of deaths among cancer patients. Several factors have been linked to formation of chemoresistance, such as chemotherapy drug efflux, immunosuppression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Lately, increasing evidence has shed light on the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the regulation of chemoresistance. However, there is limited research into the possibility that inhibiting EV release or uptake in cancer cells may curb chemoresistance, allowing chemotherapy drugs to target cancer cells without restriction. Prominent inhibitors of EV uptake and release in cancer cells have been compiled and contrasted in this review. This is in the hope of sparking greater interest in the field of EV-mediated chemoresistance, as well as to provide an overview of the field for fundamental and clinical research communities, particularly in the field of cancer resistance research. In-depth studies of EV-mediated chemoresistance and EV inhibitors in cancer cells would spur significant improvement in cancer treatments which are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeesah Hayatudin
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Zhijack Fong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Leng Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei
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12
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Javadifar A, Rastgoo S, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Foam Cells as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis with a Focus on the Regulatory Roles of Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052529. [PMID: 33802600 PMCID: PMC7961492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of human cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality around the world. Various physiological and pathological processes are involved, including chronic inflammation, dysregulation of lipid metabolism, development of an environment characterized by oxidative stress and improper immune responses. Accordingly, the expansion of novel targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis is necessary. In this study, we focus on the role of foam cells in the development of atherosclerosis. The specific therapeutic goals associated with each stage in the formation of foam cells and the development of atherosclerosis will be considered. Processing and metabolism of cholesterol in the macrophage is one of the main steps in foam cell formation. Cholesterol processing involves lipid uptake, cholesterol esterification and cholesterol efflux, which ultimately leads to cholesterol equilibrium in the macrophage. Recently, many preclinical studies have appeared concerning the role of non-encoding RNAs in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Non-encoding RNAs, especially microRNAs, are considered regulators of lipid metabolism by affecting the expression of genes involved in the uptake (e.g., CD36 and LOX1) esterification (ACAT1) and efflux (ABCA1, ABCG1) of cholesterol. They are also able to regulate inflammatory pathways, produce cytokines and mediate foam cell apoptosis. We have reviewed important preclinical evidence of their therapeutic targeting in atherosclerosis, with a special focus on foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Javadifar
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; (A.J.); (S.R.)
| | - Sahar Rastgoo
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; (A.J.); (S.R.)
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, 93338 Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93338 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-5118002288 (M.B. & A.S.); Fax: +98-5118002287 (M.B. & A.S.)
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan 9479176135, Iran;
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Thomas P. Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108-2718, USA;
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-5118002288 (M.B. & A.S.); Fax: +98-5118002287 (M.B. & A.S.)
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13
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Tapia-Maltos MA, Treviño-Frenk I, García-González HB, Rosetti M, Barriga-Maldonado V, Morales-Ramírez F, López-Hernández DC, Rosetti F, Crispín JC. Identification of regulatory T cell molecules associated with severity of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2020; 27:1695-1705. [PMID: 33300840 DOI: 10.1177/1352458520977045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) exhibit functional alterations in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a key regulator of Treg development and function. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine whether the expression of functionally relevant TGF-β-regulated molecules is altered in Tregs from patients with MS. METHODS Expression of nine Treg markers was analyzed by multi-color flow cytometry in CD4+ T cells and Treg subpopulations of 31 untreated MS patients and age- and sex-matched healthy donors (HDs). Correlations between Treg marker expression and clinical variables were sought. RESULTS Expression of the transcription factor Helios, which defines thymic-derived Tregs, was decreased in this Treg subpopulation. The frequency of peripherally generated Tregs was increased in patients with MS, particularly in patients with progressive MS. Low frequencies of thymic-derived Tregs were associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion-burden and a high relapse rate. Four surface markers associated with TGF-β signaling (ABCA1, BTLA, DNAM-1, and GARP) were differentially expressed on Tregs from patients with MS and HDs. Expression levels of CD73, CD103, ABCA1, and PAR2 showed strong correlations with disease severity. CONCLUSION We have identified novel markers abnormally expressed on Tregs from patients with MS that could detect patients with severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Tapia-Maltos
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico/Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM), Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - I Treviño-Frenk
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - H B García-González
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Rosetti
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - V Barriga-Maldonado
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F Morales-Ramírez
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - D C López-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F Rosetti
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J C Crispín
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico/Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
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14
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Kroll T, Prescher M, Smits SHJ, Schmitt L. Structure and Function of Hepatobiliary ATP Binding Cassette Transporters. Chem Rev 2020; 121:5240-5288. [PMID: 33201677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The liver is beyond any doubt the most important metabolic organ of the human body. This function requires an intensive crosstalk within liver cellular structures, but also with other organs. Membrane transport proteins are therefore of upmost importance as they represent the sensors and mediators that shuttle signals from outside to the inside of liver cells and/or vice versa. In this review, we summarize the known literature of liver transport proteins with a clear emphasis on functional and structural information on ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which are expressed in the human liver. These primary active membrane transporters form one of the largest families of membrane proteins. In the liver, they play an essential role in for example bile formation or xenobiotic export. Our review provides a state of the art and comprehensive summary of the current knowledge of hepatobiliary ABC transporters. Clearly, our knowledge has improved with a breath-taking speed over the last few years and will expand further. Thus, this review will provide the status quo and will lay the foundation for new and exciting avenues in liver membrane transporter research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Kroll
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Prescher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Włodarski A, Strycharz J, Wróblewski A, Kasznicki J, Drzewoski J, Śliwińska A. The Role of microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186902. [PMID: 32962281 PMCID: PMC7555602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS) is the cause and the consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the incidence and economic burden of which is increasing each year. OxS triggers the dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with metabolism and epigenetics, including microRNAs, which are biomarkers of metabolic disorders. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the interplay between microRNAs and OxS in MetS and its components. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the most relevant studies. Collected data suggested that different sources of OxS (e.g., hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, obesity, proinflammatory cytokines) change the expression of numerous microRNAs in organs involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and endothelium. Dysregulated microRNAs either directly or indirectly affect the expression and/or activity of molecules of antioxidative signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXOs, Keap1/Nrf2) along with effector enzymes (e.g., GPx-1, SOD1/2, HO-1), ROS producers (e.g., NOX4/5), as well as genes of numerous signaling pathways connected with inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, thus promoting the progression of metabolic imbalance. MicroRNAs appear to be important epigenetic modifiers in managing the delicate redox balance, mediating either pro- or antioxidant biological impacts. Summarizing, microRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets in ameliorating the repercussions of OxS in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Włodarski
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Justyna Strycharz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Adam Wróblewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Kasznicki
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
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16
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Colaco A, Kaya E, Adriaenssens E, Davis LC, Zampieri S, Fernández‐Suárez ME, Tan CY, Deegan PB, Porter FD, Galione A, Bembi B, Dardis A, Platt FM. Mechanistic convergence and shared therapeutic targets in Niemann-Pick disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:574-585. [PMID: 31707734 PMCID: PMC7317544 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) and Tangier disease are genetically and clinically distinct rare inborn errors of metabolism. NPC is caused by defects in either NPC1 or NPC2; whereas Tangier disease is caused by a defect in ABCA1. Tangier disease is currently without therapy, whereas NPC can be treated with miglustat, a small molecule inhibitor of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis that slows the neurological course of the disease. When a Tangier disease patient was misdiagnosed with NPC and treated with miglustat, her symptoms improved. This prompted us to consider whether there is mechanistic convergence between these two apparently unrelated rare inherited metabolic diseases. In this study, we found that when ABCA1 is defective (Tangier disease) there is secondary inhibition of the NPC disease pathway, linking these two diseases at the level of cellular pathophysiology. In addition, this study further supports the hypothesis that miglustat, as well as other substrate reduction therapies, may be potential therapeutic agents for treating Tangier disease as fibroblasts from multiple Tangier patients were corrected by miglustat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ecem Kaya
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Chong Y. Tan
- Lysosomal Disorders UnitAddenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | | | - Forbes D. Porter
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIHBethesdaMaryland
| | | | - Bruno Bembi
- University Hospital Santa Maria della MisericordiaUdineItaly
| | - Andrea Dardis
- University Hospital Santa Maria della MisericordiaUdineItaly
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17
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Fernández‐Vega B, García M, Olivares L, Álvarez L, González‐Fernández A, Artime E, Fernández‐Vega Cueto A, Cobo T, Coca‐Prados M, Vega JA, González‐Iglesias H. The association study of lipid metabolism gene polymorphisms with AMD identifies a protective role for APOE-E2 allele in the wet form in a Northern Spanish population. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:e282-e291. [PMID: 31654486 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the potential role of eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the most relevant lipid metabolism genes in Northern Spanish patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS A case-control study of 228 unrelated native Northern Spanish patients diagnosed with AMD (73 dry and 155 wet) and 95 healthy controls was performed. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and genotyped for the SNPs APOE rs429358 and rs7412; CTEP rs3764261; LIPC rs10468017 and rs493258; LPL rs12678919; ABCA1 rs1883025; ABCA4 rs76157638, rs3112831 and rs1800555; and SCARB1 rs5888, using TaqMan probes. An additional association study of ε2, ε3 and ε4 major isoforms of APOE gene with AMD has been carried out. RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies for each of the eleven sequence variants in the lipid metabolism genes did not show significant differences when comparing AMD cases and controls. Statistical analysis revealed that APOE-ε2 carrier genotypes were less frequently observed in patients with wet AMD compared to controls (5.8% versus 13.7%, respectively: p = 3.28 × 10-2 ; OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19-0.95). The frequency of the allele T of rs10468017 (LIPC gene) was lower in dry AMD cases compared to controls (15.8 versus 27.9%, respectively: p = 8.4 × 10-3 OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.33-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a protective role for APOE-ε2 allele to wet AMD in the Northern Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández‐Vega
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández‐Vega Oviedo Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Montserrat García
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández‐Vega Oviedo Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Lorena Olivares
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Adrián González‐Fernández
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Enol Artime
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Andrés Fernández‐Vega Cueto
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández‐Vega Oviedo Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico‐Quirúrgicas Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Miguel Coca‐Prados
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA
| | - José A. Vega
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago de Chile Chile
| | - Héctor González‐Iglesias
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández‐Vega Oviedo Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández‐Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo) Oviedo Spain
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18
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Ouweneel AB, Thomas MJ, Sorci-Thomas MG. The ins and outs of lipid rafts: functions in intracellular cholesterol homeostasis, microparticles, and cell membranes: Thematic Review Series: Biology of Lipid Rafts. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:676-686. [PMID: 33715815 PMCID: PMC7193959 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular membranes are not homogenous mixtures of proteins; rather, they are segregated into microdomains on the basis of preferential association between specific lipids and proteins. These microdomains, called lipid rafts, are well known for their role in receptor signaling on the plasma membrane (PM) and are essential to such cellular functions as signal transduction and spatial organization of the PM. A number of disease states, including atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular disorders, may be caused by dysfunctional maintenance of lipid rafts. Lipid rafts do not occur only in the PM but also have been found in intracellular membranes and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, we focus on discussing newly discovered functions of lipid rafts and microdomains in intracellular membranes, including lipid and protein trafficking from the ER, Golgi bodies, and endosomes to the PM, and we examine lipid raft involvement in the production and composition of EVs. Because lipid rafts are small and transient, visualization remains challenging. Future work with advanced techniques will continue to expand our knowledge about the roles of lipid rafts in cellular functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber B Ouweneel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Cardiovascular Center,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Michael J Thomas
- Cardiovascular Center,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Cardiovascular Center,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226. mailto:
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19
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Liu H, Jiang X, Gao X, Tian W, Xu C, Wang R, Xu Y, Wei L, Cao F, Li W. Identification of N-benzothiazolyl-2-benzenesulfonamides as novel ABCA1 expression upregulators. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:411-418. [PMID: 33479646 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00556k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a critical transporter that mediates cellular cholesterol efflux from macrophages to apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). Therefore, increasing the expression level of ABCA1 is anti-atherogenic and ABCA1 expression upregulators have become novel choices for atherosclerosis treatment. In this study, a series of N-benzothiazolyl-2-benzenesulfonamides, based on the structure of WY06 discovered in our laboratory, were designed and synthesized as novel ABCA1 expression upregulators. Based on an in vitro ABCA1 upregulatory cell model, ABCA1 upregulation of target compounds was evaluated. Compounds 6c, 6d, and 6i have good upregulated ABCA1 expression activities, with EC50 values of 0.97, 0.37, and 0.41 μM, respectively. A preliminary structure-activity relationship is summarized. Replacing the methoxy group on the benzothiazole moiety of WY06 with a fluorine or chlorine atom and exchanging the ester group with a cyano group resulted in more potent ABCA1 upregulating activity. Moreover, compound 6i increased ABCA1 mRNA and protein expression and significantly promoted cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, N-benzothiazolyl-2-benzenesulfonamides were identified as novel ABCA1 expression upregulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy , Hebei General Hospital , Shijiazhuang 05005 , China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
| | - Xinhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS&PUMC) , Beijing 100050 , China .
| | - Xinfeng Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
| | - Wenhua Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
| | - Chen Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
| | - Yanni Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics , Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS&PUMC) , Beijing 100050 , China .
| | - Liping Wei
- Department of Cardiology , Tianjin Union Medical Center , Nankai University Affiliated Hospital , 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao , Tianjin 300121 , P. R. China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics Disease , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing 100853 , China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules , College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang , 050024 , China .
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Effect of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on Leptin/JAK2/STAT3 in lipid-lowering pathway of hyperlipidemia rabbits. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-019-1139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wang D, Yang Y, Lei Y, Tzvetkov NT, Liu X, Yeung AWK, Xu S, Atanasov AG. Targeting Foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis: Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:596-670. [PMID: 31554644 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.017178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Foam cell formation and further accumulation in the subendothelial space of the vascular wall is a hallmark of atherosclerotic lesions. Targeting foam cell formation in the atherosclerotic lesions can be a promising approach to treat and prevent atherosclerosis. The formation of foam cells is determined by the balanced effects of three major interrelated biologic processes, including lipid uptake, cholesterol esterification, and cholesterol efflux. Natural products are a promising source for new lead structures. Multiple natural products and pharmaceutical agents can inhibit foam cell formation and thus exhibit antiatherosclerotic capacity by suppressing lipid uptake, cholesterol esterification, and/or promoting cholesterol ester hydrolysis and cholesterol efflux. This review summarizes recent findings on these three biologic processes and natural products with demonstrated potential to target such processes. Discussed also are potential future directions for studying the mechanisms of foam cell formation and the development of foam cell-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Yingnan Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Xingde Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Andy Wai Kan Yeung
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Suowen Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
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Ruiz-Iruela C, Candás-Estébanez B, Pintó-Sala X, Baena-Díez N, Caixàs-Pedragós A, Güell-Miró R, Navarro-Badal R, Calmarza P, Puzo-Foncilla JL, Alía-Ramos P, Padró-Miquel A. Genetic contribution to lipid target achievement with statin therapy: a prospective study. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 20:494-504. [DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Peng H, Tang J, Zhao S, Shen L, Xu D. Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase in Macrophages Ameliorates the Formation of Foam Cells ― Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 ―. Circ J 2019; 83:2555-2566. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianjun Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Shuiping Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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Gene Expression Profiles Induced by a Novel Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Modulator (SPPARMα) Pemafibrate. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225682. [PMID: 31766193 PMCID: PMC6888257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemafibrate is the first clinically-available selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator (SPPARMα) that has been shown to effectively improve hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Global gene expression analysis reveals that the activation of PPARα by pemafibrate induces fatty acid (FA) uptake, binding, and mitochondrial or peroxisomal oxidation as well as ketogenesis in mouse liver. Pemafibrate most profoundly induces HMGCS2 and PDK4, which regulate the rate-limiting step of ketogenesis and glucose oxidation, respectively, compared to other fatty acid metabolic genes in human hepatocytes. This suggests that PPARα plays a crucial role in nutrient flux in the human liver. Additionally, pemafibrate induces clinically favorable genes, such as ABCA1, FGF21, and VLDLR. Furthermore, pemafibrate shows anti-inflammatory effects in vascular endothelial cells. Pemafibrate is predicted to exhibit beneficial effects in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia and diabetic microvascular complications.
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Pasello M, Giudice AM, Scotlandi K. The ABC subfamily A transporters: Multifaceted players with incipient potentialities in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:57-71. [PMID: 31605751 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is a cause of drug resistance in a plethora of tumors. More recent evidence indicates additional contribution of these transporters to other processes, such as tumor cell dissemination and metastasis, thereby extending their possible roles in tumor progression. While the role of some ABC transporters, such as ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2, in multidrug resistance is well documented, the mechanisms by which ABC transporters affect the proliferation, differentiation, migration and invasion of cancer cells are still poorly defined and are frequently controversial. This review, summarizes recent advances that highlight the role of subfamily A members in cancer. Emerging evidence highlights the potential value of ABCA members as biomarkers of risk and response in different tumors, but information is disperse and very little is known about their possible mechanisms of action. The only clear evidence is that ABCA members are involved in lipid metabolism and homeostasis. In particular, the relationship between ABCA1 and cholesterol is becoming evident in different fields of biology, including cancer. In parallel, emerging findings indicate that cholesterol, the main component of cell membranes, can influence many physiological and pathological processes, including cell migration, cancer progression and metastasis. This review aims to link the dispersed knowledge regarding the relationship of ABCA members with lipid metabolism and cancer in an effort to stimulate and guide readers to areas that the writers consider to have significant impact and relevant potentialities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Giudice
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy; Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
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Lipoprotein(a): Current Evidence for a Physiologic Role and the Effects of Nutraceutical Strategies. Clin Ther 2019; 41:1780-1797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lipoprotein modulation of proteinuric renal injury. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1107-1116. [PMID: 31019291 PMCID: PMC6658349 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its main protein, apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), have established benefits in various cells, but whether these cytoprotective effects of HDL pertain to renal cells is unclear. We investigated the in vitro consequences of exposing damaged podocytes to normal apoAI, HDL, and apoAI mimetic (L-4F), and the in vivo effects of L-4F on kidney and atherosclerotic injury in a podocyte-specific injury model of proteinuria. In vitro, primary mouse podocytes were injured by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). Cellular viability, migration, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the underlying signaling pathway were assessed. In vivo, we used a proteinuric model, Nphs1-hCD25 transgenic (NEP25+) mice, which express human CD25 on podocytes. Podocyte injury was induced by using immunotoxin (LMB2) and generated a proteinuric atherosclerosis model, NEP25+:apoE-/- mice, was generated by mating apoE-deficient (apoE-/-) mice with NEP25+ mice. Animals received L-4F or control vehicle. Renal function, podocyte injury, and atherosclerosis were assessed. PAN reduced podocyte viability, migration, and increased ROS production, all significantly lessened by apoAI, HDL, and L-4F. L-4F attenuated podocyte apoptosis and diminished PAN-induced inactivation of Janus family protein kinase-2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3. In NEP25+ mice, L-4F significantly lessened overall proteinuria, and preserved podocyte expression of synaptopodin and cell density. Proteinuric NEP25+:apoE-/- mice had more atherosclerosis than non-proteinuric apoE-/- mice, and these lesions were significantly decreased by L-4F. Normal human apoAI, HDL, and apoAI mimetic protect against podocyte damage. ApoAI mimetic provides in vivo beneficial effects on podocytes that culminate in reduced albuminuria and atherosclerosis. The results suggest supplemental apoAI/apoAI mimetic may be a novel candidate to lessen podocyte damage and its complications.
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Orekhov AN, Sobenin IA. Modified and Dysfunctional Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis: Effectors or Biomarkers? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1512-1524. [PMID: 29557739 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180320121137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases are the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries. Correspondingly, studying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and developing new methods for its diagnostic and treatment remain in the focus of current medicine and health care. This review aims to discuss the mechanistic role of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in atherogenesis. In particular, the generally accepted hypothesis about the key role of oxidized LDL in atherogenesis is questioned, and an alternative concept of multiple modification of LDL is presented. The fundamental question discussed in this review is whether LDL and HDL are effectors or biomarkers, or both. This is important for understanding whether lipoproteins are a therapeutic target or just diagnostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Getz GS, Reardon CA. Apoproteins E, A-I, and SAA in Macrophage Pathobiology Related to Atherogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:536. [PMID: 31231209 PMCID: PMC6558525 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are core cellular elements of both early and advanced atherosclerosis. They take up modified lipoproteins and become lipid-loaded foam cells and secrete factors that influence other cell types in the artery wall involved in atherogenesis. Apoproteins E, AI, and SAA are all found on HDL which can enter the artery wall. In addition, apoE is synthesized by macrophages. These three apoproteins can promote cholesterol efflux from lipid-loaded macrophages and have other functions that modulate macrophage biology. Mimetic peptides based on the sequence or structure of these apoproteins replicate some of these properties and are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of atherosclerosis to reduce cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey S Getz
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catherine A Reardon
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Babashamsi MM, Koukhaloo SZ, Halalkhor S, Salimi A, Babashamsi M. ABCA1 and metabolic syndrome; a review of the ABCA1 role in HDL-VLDL production, insulin-glucose homeostasis, inflammation and obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1529-1534. [PMID: 31336517 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is an integral cell-membrane protein that mediates the rate-limiting step of high density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis and suppression of inflammation by triggering a number of signaling pathways via interacting with an apolipoprotein acceptor. The hepatic ABCA1 is involved in regulation of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) production by affecting the apolipoprotein B trafficking and lipidation of VLDL particles. This protein is involved in protecting the function of pancreatic β-cells and insulin secretion by cholesterol homeostasis. Adipose tissue lipolysis is associated with ABCA1 activity. This transporter is involved in controlling obesity and insulin sensitivity by regulating triglyceride (TG) lipolysis and influencing on adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and GLUT4 genes expression. The ABCA1 of skeletal muscle cells play a role in increasing the glucose uptake by enhancing the Akt phosphorylation and transferring GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Abnormal status of ABCA1-regulated phenotypes is observed in metabolic syndrome. This syndrome is associated with the occurrence of many diseases. This review is a summary of the role of ABCA1 in HDL and VLDL production, homeostasis of insulin and glucose, suppression of inflammation and obesity controlling to provide a better insight into the association of this protein with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sohrab Halalkhor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Babashamsi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu X, Ren Y, Sun X, Huang H, Liu X. Bioinformatics-Based Approaches Predict That MIR-17-5P Functions in the Pathogenesis of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Through Regulating ABCA1 and CD69. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2019; 33:269-276. [PMID: 30616374 DOI: 10.1177/1945892418823388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the most prevalent type of rhinitis, allergic rhinitis is consisted of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis. This study is carried out for revealing the mechanisms of SAR. METHODS Microarray data set GSE43523 (including 7 SAR nasal epithelial cells and 5 nonallergic control nasal epithelial cells) was extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Based on limma package, differential expression analysis for the 2 groups was performed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Using Multifaceted Analysis Tool for Human Transcriptome online tool, the functions involving the DEGs were predicted by enrichment analysis. Combined with Cytoscape software, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built and a significant network module was acquired. In addition, transcription factor (TF)-target and miRNA-target pairs were predicted using WebGestalt tool, and then TF-miRNA-target regulatory network was built by Cytoscape software. RESULTS There were 274 DEGs between rhinitis and control samples, including 144 upregulated genes and 130 downregulated genes. After PPI for the DEGs was built, a significant network module was identified. In the TF-miRNA-target regulatory network, ABCA1, CPEB4, CD69, MIR-17-5P, and CREB had higher degrees. Furthermore, both ABCA1 and CD69 were targeted by MIR-17-5P in the regulatory network. CONCLUSION CPEB4 and CREB might be implicated in the pathogenesis of SAR. Besides, MIR-17-5P might also act in SAR via targeting ABCA1 and CD69.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- 1 ENT Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Ren
- 2 Clinical Medical Research Center, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- 1 ENT Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Haiyun Huang
- 1 ENT Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- 1 ENT Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
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Diversity in human placental microvascular endothelial cells and macrovascular endothelial cells. Cytokine 2018; 111:287-294. [PMID: 30269024 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is fundamental to normal placental development, and aberrant angiogenesis contributes substantially to placental pathologies. Placental angiogenesis is a pivotal process that plays a key mechanistic role in the elaboration of the placental villous tree, which is mainly taken by human placental microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs), present in the fetal capillaries of chorionic villi, and macrovascular human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) also play a role in this process. These are the two types of endothelial cells that form the placenta and differ in morphology and function. The placental vasculature represents a distinct territory that is highly specialized in structure and function. To distinguish the differences between HPMECs and HUVECs, we isolated HPMECs by paramagnetic particle separation and HUVECs through trypsinization and validated their characteristics. Then, we examined their response to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF), as well as the underlying signaling mechanisms and their transcriptomes. We found that cultured HPMECs and HUVECs took up DiI-Ac-LDL and formed capillary-like tube structures on Matrigel. HPMECs and HUVECs had different expressions of eNOS, PROKR1 and PROKR2, and these characteristics substantiate the endothelial nature of cultured cells. FGF2 and VEGF stimulated the proliferation and migration of HPMECs and HUVECs via activation of PI3K/AKT1 and MEK1/MEK2/ERK1/ERK2. Interestingly, EG-VEGF increased the proliferation and migration of HPMECs via only MEK1/MEK2/ERK1/ERK2 and not PI3K/AKT1. Microarray analysis showed that there were some differentially expressed genes between HPMECs and HUVECs. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were highly related to G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, angiogenesis, L-lysine transmembrane transport and blood vessel remodeling. These data provided evidence of heterogeneity between microvascular HPMECs and macrovascular HUVECs that most likely reflected significant differences in endothelial cell function in the two different cellular environments.
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Wang X, Luo J, Li N, Liu L, Han X, Liu C, Zuo X, Jiang X, Li Y, Xu Y, Si S. E3317 promotes cholesterol efflux in macrophage cells via enhancing ABCA1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wang C, Liu S, Lu L, Liao S, Yue H, Dong Q, Xin Y, Xuan S. Association Between Four ABCA1 gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Chinese Han Population. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2018; 18. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.66149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Phillips MC. Is ABCA1 a lipid transfer protein? J Lipid Res 2018; 59:749-763. [PMID: 29305383 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r082313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA1 functions as a lipid transporter because it mediates the transfer of cellular phospholipid (PL) and free (unesterified) cholesterol (FC) to apoA-I and related proteins present in the extracellular medium. ABCA1 is a membrane PL translocase and its enzymatic activity leads to transfer of PL molecules from the cytoplasmic leaflet to the exofacial leaflet of a cell plasma membrane (PM). The presence of active ABCA1 in the PM promotes binding of apoA-I to the cell surface. About 10% of this bound apoA-I interacts directly with ABCA1 and stabilizes the transporter. Most of the pool of cell surface-associated apoA-I is bound to lipid domains in the PM that are created by the activity of ABCA1. The amphipathic α-helices in apoA-I confer detergent-like properties on the protein enabling it to solubilize PL and FC in these membrane domains to create a heterogeneous population of discoidal nascent HDL particles. This review focuses on current understanding of the structure-function relationships of human ABCA1 and the molecular mechanisms underlying HDL particle production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Phillips
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158
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Yamauchi Y, Rogers MA. Sterol Metabolism and Transport in Atherosclerosis and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:509. [PMID: 30283400 PMCID: PMC6157400 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a vital lipid molecule for mammalian cells, regulating fluidity of biological membranes, and serving as an essential constituent of lipid rafts. Mammalian cells acquire cholesterol from extracellular lipoproteins and from de novo synthesis. Cholesterol biosynthesis generates various precursor sterols. Cholesterol undergoes metabolic conversion into oxygenated sterols (oxysterols), bile acids, and steroid hormones. Cholesterol intermediates and metabolites have diverse and important cellular functions. A network of molecular machineries including transcription factors, protein modifiers, sterol transporters/carriers, and sterol sensors regulate sterol homeostasis in mammalian cells and tissues. Dysfunction in metabolism and transport of cholesterol, sterol intermediates, and oxysterols occurs in various pathophysiological settings such as atherosclerosis, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we review the cholesterol, intermediate sterol, and oxysterol regulatory mechanisms and intracellular transport machineries, and discuss the roles of sterols and sterol metabolism in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Yamauchi
- Nutri-Life Science Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yoshio Yamauchi
| | - Maximillian A. Rogers
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Matsumura K, Tamasawa N, Daimon M. Possible Insulinotropic Action of Apolipoprotein A-I Through the ABCA1/Cdc42/cAMP/PKA Pathway in MIN6 Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:645. [PMID: 30425683 PMCID: PMC6218629 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction: We studied the mechanisms for the possible insulinotropic action of apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I in mouse insulinoma (MIN6) cells. Materials and Methods: The effects of ApoA-I on cAMP production and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and the dose dependency (ApoA-I at 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml) were determined using MIN6 cells. The effects of the small-interference ribonucleic acid (siRNA) of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) and Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) on the insulinotropic action of ApoA-I was studied, as well as mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 and Cdc42. Then, the influence of cAMP inhibitor SQ22536, and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor Rp-cAMPS on ApoA-I action were studied. Results: Addition of ApoA-I produced cAMP and increased insulin secretion, dose-dependently in high glucose concentration (25 mmmol/l). and ABCA1 protein and Cdc42 mRNA and protein were also enhanced. Specific ABCA1 and Cdc42 siRNA significantly decreased the effects of ApoA-I on insulin secretion compared with negative controls. Manifestations of ABCA1 and Cdc42 mRNA and protein were less than that of the negative control group. Both cAMP inhibiror (SQ22536) and protein kinases inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS) strongly inhibited the effects of ApoA-I on insulin secretion. Conclusions: We demonstrated that ApoA-I enhances glucose-stimulated insulin release in high glucose at least partially through the ABCA1/Cdc42/cAMP/ Protein kinase A (PKA) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Matsumura
- Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Koki Matsumura
| | | | - Makoto Daimon
- Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
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李 玥, 蓝 茜, 武 丽, 杜 小, Ezra KO, 李 冬, 吕 社. [Bidirectional regulation of Pam3CSK4?induced inflammatory response by ATP?binding cassette transporter A1 knockdown in mouse mononuclear macrophages in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1563-1569. [PMID: 29292246 PMCID: PMC6744013 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulatory effect of ATP?binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) knockdown on inflammatory response induced by Pam3CSK4 in mouse mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cell line. METHODS A mouse mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cell line with stable ABCA1 knockdown was constructed and stimulated with Toll?like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand Pam3CSK4, and the changes in the transcriptional levels of the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed in this cell model. RESULTS In RAW264.7 cells, ABCA1 knockdown significantly up-regulated Pam3CSK4 stimulation?induced expressions of IL?1β, TNF?α and IL?6 and also enhanced the expression of transcription factor cAMP?dependent transcription factor 3 (ATF3) without obviously affecting the expressions of the transcription factors ATF1, ATF2, ATF4 or ATF5. CONCLUSION ABCA1 knockdown in macrophages may have both proinflammatory and anti?inflammatory effects. ABCA1 knockdown up?regulates the transcription of ATF3 possibly through a mechanism that is different from that for the other members of the ATF protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- 玥 李
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - 茜 蓝
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - 丽涛 武
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - 小娟 杜
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Kombo Osoro Ezra
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - 冬民 李
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
| | - 社民 吕
- 西安交通大学医学部 基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系,陕西 西安 710061Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
- 西安交通大学医学部 环境与疾病相关基因教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710061Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an710061, China
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Wang L, Palme V, Schilcher N, Ladurner A, Heiss EH, Stangl H, Bauer R, Dirsch VM, Atanasov AG. The Dietary Constituent Falcarindiol Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from THP-1 Macrophages by Increasing ABCA1 Gene Transcription and Protein Stability. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:596. [PMID: 28919859 PMCID: PMC5585181 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report increased cholesterol efflux from macrophages in the presence of falcarindiol, an important dietary constituent present in commonly used vegetables and medicinal plants. Falcarindiol (3–20 μM) increased cholesterol efflux from THP-1-derived macrophages. Western blot analysis showed an increased protein level of ABCA1 upon falcarindiol exposure. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that also ABCA1 mRNA level rise with falcarindiol (10 μM) treatment. The effect of falcarindiol on ABCA1 protein as well as mRNA level were counteracted by co-treatment with BADGE, an antagonist of PPARγ. Furthermore, falcarindiol significantly inhibited ABCA1 protein degradation in the presence of cycloheximide. This post-translational regulation of ABCA1 by falcarindiol occurs most likely by inhibition of lysosomal cathepsins, resulting in decreased proteolysis and extended protein half-life of ABCA1. Taken together, falcarindiol increases ABCA1 protein level by two complementary mechanisms, i.e., promoting ABCA1 gene expression and inhibiting ABCA1 protein degradation, which lead to enhanced cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao UniversityQingdao, China
| | - Veronika Palme
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Schilcher
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Angela Ladurner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University GrazGraz, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of ViennaVienna, Austria.,Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of SciencesLesznowola, Poland
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Xinxuekang Regulates Reverse Cholesterol Transport by Improving High-density Lipoprotein Synthesis, Maturation, and Catabolism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2017; 70:110-118. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Babashamsi MM, Halalkhor S, Firouzjah HM, Parsian H, Jalali SF, Babashamsi M. Association of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 ( ABCA1)-565 C/T Gene Polymorphism with Hypoalphalipoproteinemia and Serum Lipids, IL-6 and CRP Levels. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2017; 9:38-43. [PMID: 28090279 PMCID: PMC5219821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a membrane integral protein which plays a vital role in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and exerts a protective effect against Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (HA) by mediation of rate-limiting step in HDL biogenesis. In addition, this protein possesses anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of some inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. This study investigated the association of ABCA1-565 C/T gene polymorphism with HA and serum lipids, IL-6 and CRP levels. METHODS A population which consisted of 101 HA and 95 normal subjects were genotyped for ABCA1-565C/T polymorphism by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The serum concentrations of lipids, IL-6 and high sensitive-CRP (hs-CRP) were measured by the relevant methods. RESULTS The frequency of T allele was significantly higher in the HA group than the controls (31.7 vs. 19.5%, p=0.002). Thus, carriers of the T allele (CT and TT genotypes) had a higher risk for HA (p=0.016, OR=2.04, 95% CI=1.14-3.63). T allele carriers demonstrated decreased HDL-C and increased triglyceride, IL-6 and CRP levels than those with the CC genotype. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the-565 C/T polymorphism of ABCA1 gene is associated with an increased risk of HA, decreased HDL-C and increased TG, IL-6 and CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sohrab Halalkhor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran,Corresponding authors: Sohrab Halalkhor, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamid Moradi Firouzjah
- Department of Molecular and Cell biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Hadi Parsian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Farzad Jalali
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Babashamsi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,Mohammad Babashamsi, Ph.D., Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Tel: +98 21 22432020, Fax: +98 21 22432021, E-mail:;
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Wang L, Palme V, Rotter S, Schilcher N, Cukaj M, Wang D, Ladurner A, Heiss EH, Stangl H, Dirsch VM, Atanasov AG. Piperine inhibits ABCA1 degradation and promotes cholesterol efflux from THP-1-derived macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27862930 PMCID: PMC5382977 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Scope Increased macrophage cholesterol efflux (ChE) is considered to have anti‐atherosclerotic effect counteracting cardiovascular disease. The principle pungent ingredient of the fruits of Piper nigrum, piperine, is identified in this study as a ChE inducer in THP‐1‐derived macrophages, and mechanisms underlying this effect are explored. Methods and results Without affecting cell viability, piperine concentration‐dependently enhances ChE in THP‐1‐derived macrophages from 25 to 100 μM. The expression level of the key cholesterol transporter protein ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is significantly upregulated by piperine, as revealed by western blot analyses. However, two other ChE‐mediating transporter proteins, ATP‐binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR‐B1), remain unaffected. Piperine exerts no influence on ABCA1 mRNA levels, but significantly inhibits the degradation of ABCA1, as evident by an increased half‐life of the protein in the presence of cycloheximide. Furthermore, it is found that piperine likely interferes with the calpain‐mediated ABCA1 degradation pathway and exhibits significant inhibition of calpain activity. Conclusion Our findings suggest that piperine promotes ChE in THP‐1‐derived macrophages by upregulation of ABCA1, which might be mediated by inhibition of calpain activity. This novel bioactivity makes the dietary constituent piperine a good candidate to be further explored for therapeutic or preventive applications in the context of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Palme
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Rotter
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Schilcher
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Malsor Cukaj
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Ladurner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
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Kaul S, Xu H, Zabalawi M, Maruko E, Fulp BE, Bluemn T, Brzoza-Lewis KL, Gerelus M, Weerasekera R, Kallinger R, James R, Zhang YS, Thomas MJ, Sorci-Thomas MG. Lipid-Free Apolipoprotein A-I Reduces Progression of Atherosclerosis by Mobilizing Microdomain Cholesterol and Attenuating the Number of CD131 Expressing Cells: Monitoring Cholesterol Homeostasis Using the Cellular Ester to Total Cholesterol Ratio. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004401. [PMID: 27821400 PMCID: PMC5210328 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder whose development is inversely correlated with high-density lipoprotein concentration. Current therapies involve pharmaceuticals that significantly elevate plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Our studies were conducted to investigate the effects of low-dose lipid-free apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) on chronic inflammation. The aims of these studies were to determine how subcutaneously injected lipid-free apoA-I reduces accumulation of lipid and immune cells within the aortic root of hypercholesterolemic mice without sustained elevations in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. METHODS AND RESULTS Ldlr-/- and Ldlr-/- apoA-I-/- mice were fed a Western diet for a total of 12 weeks. After 6 weeks, a subset of mice from each group received subcutaneous injections of 200 μg of lipid-free human apoA-I 3 times a week, while the other subset received 200 μg of albumin, as a control. Mice treated with lipid-free apoA-I showed a decrease in cholesterol deposition and immune cell retention in the aortic root compared with albumin-treated mice, regardless of genotype. This reduction in atherosclerosis appeared to be directly related to a decrease in the number of CD131 expressing cells and the esterified cholesterol to total cholesterol content in several immune cell compartments. In addition, apoA-I treatment altered microdomain cholesterol composition that shifted CD131, the common β subunit of the interleukin 3 receptor, from lipid raft to nonraft fractions of the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS ApoA-I treatment reduced lipid and immune cell accumulation within the aortic root by systemically reducing microdomain cholesterol content in immune cells. These data suggest that lipid-free apoA-I mediates beneficial effects through attenuation of immune cell lipid raft cholesterol content, which affects numerous types of signal transduction pathways that rely on microdomain integrity for assembly and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Kaul
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Manal Zabalawi
- Section of Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Elisa Maruko
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Brian E Fulp
- Section of Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Theresa Bluemn
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Kristina L Brzoza-Lewis
- Section of Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Mark Gerelus
- Section of Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Rachel Kallinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Roland James
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,TOPS Obesity and Metabolic Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Yi Sherry Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,TOPS Obesity and Metabolic Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael J Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Abstract
Elevated levels of cholesteryl ester (CE)-enriched apoB containing plasma lipoproteins lead to increased foam cell formation, the first step in the development of atherosclerosis. Unregulated uptake of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by circulating monocytes and other peripheral blood cells takes place through scavenger receptors and over time causes disruption in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. As lipoproteins are taken up, their CE core is hydrolyzed by liposomal lipases to generate free cholesterol (FC). FC can be either re-esterified and stored as CE droplets or shuttled to the plasma membrane for ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated efflux. Because cholesterol is an essential component of all cellular membranes, some FC may be incorporated into microdomains or lipid rafts. These platforms are essential for receptor signaling and transduction, requiring rapid assembly and disassembly. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 plays a major role in regulating microdomain cholesterol and is most efficient when lipid-poor apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) packages raft cholesterol into soluble particles that are eventually catabolized by the liver. If FC is not effluxed from the cell, it becomes esterified, CE droplets accumulate and microdomain cholesterol content becomes poorly regulated. This dysregulation leads to prolonged activation of immune cell signaling pathways, resulting in receptor oversensitization. The availability of apoAI or other amphipathic α-helix-rich apoproteins relieves the burden of excess microdomain cholesterol in immune cells allowing a reduction in immune cell proliferation and infiltration, thereby stimulating regression of foam cells in the artery. Therefore, cellular balance between FC and CE is essential for proper immune cell function and prevents chronic immune cell overstimulation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary G Sorci-Thomas
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine and Senior Investigator, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin (M.G.S.-T.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.J.T.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
| | - Michael J Thomas
- From the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine and Senior Investigator, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin (M.G.S.-T.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.J.T.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Lee-Rueckert M, Escola-Gil JC, Kovanen PT. HDL functionality in reverse cholesterol transport--Challenges in translating data emerging from mouse models to human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:566-83. [PMID: 26968096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whereas LDL-derived cholesterol accumulates in atherosclerotic lesions, HDL particles are thought to facilitate removal of cholesterol from the lesions back to the liver thereby promoting its fecal excretion from the body. Because generation of cholesterol-loaded macrophages is inherent to atherogenesis, studies on the mechanisms stimulating the release of cholesterol from these cells and its ultimate excretion into feces are crucial to learn how to prevent lesion development or even induce lesion regression. Modulation of this key anti-atherogenic pathway, known as the macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport, has been extensively studied in several mouse models with the ultimate aim of applying the emerging knowledge to humans. The present review provides a detailed comparison and critical analysis of the various steps of reverse cholesterol transport in mouse and man. We attempt to translate this in vivo complex scenario into practical concepts, which could serve as valuable tools when developing novel HDL-targeted therapies.
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Hafiane A, Bielicki JK, Johansson JO, Genest J. Novel Apo E-Derived ABCA1 Agonist Peptide (CS-6253) Promotes Reverse Cholesterol Transport and Induces Formation of preβ-1 HDL In Vitro. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26207756 PMCID: PMC4514675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) mimetic peptides replicate some aspects of HDL function. We have previously reported the effects of compound ATI-5261 on its ability to replicate many functions of native apo A-I in the process of HDL biogenesis. ATI-5261 induced muscle toxicity in wild type C57Bl/6 mice, increased CPK, ALT and AST and increase in triglyceride (Tg) levels. Aromatic phenylalanine residues on the non-polar face of ATI-5261, together with positively charged arginine residues at the lipid-water interface were responsible for these effects. This information was used to create a novel analog (CS-6253) that was non-toxic. We evaluated this peptide designed from the carboxyl terminus of apo E, in its ability to mimic apo A-I functionality. Our data shows that the lipidated particles generated by incubating cells overexpressing ABCA1 with lipid free CS-6253 enhances the rate of ABCA1 lipid efflux with high affinity interactions with native ABCA1 oligomeric forms and plasma membrane micro-domains. Interaction between ABCA1 and lipid free CS-6253 resulted in formation of nascent HDL-CS-6253 particles that are actively remodeled in plasma. Mature HDL-CS-6253 particles deliver cholesterol to liver cells via SR-BI in-vitro. CS-6253 significantly increases cholesterol efflux in murine macrophages and in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells expressing ABCA1. Addition of CS-6253 to plasma dose-dependently displaced apo A-I from α-HDL particles and led to de novo formation of preβ-1 HDL that stimulates ABCA1 dependent cholesterol efflux efficiently. When incubated with human plasma CS-6253 was also found to bind with HDL and LDL and promoted the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL predominantly. Our data shows that CS-6253 mimics apo A-I in its ability to promote ABCA1-mediated formation of nascent HDL particles, and enhances formation of preβ-1 HDL with increase in the cycling of apo A-I between the preβ and α-HDL particles in-vitro. These mechanisms are potentially anti-atherogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Hafiane
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratories Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - John K. Bielicki
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner Laboratory, MS1-267, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Jacques Genest
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratories Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Zhang N, Lei J, Lei H, Ruan X, Liu Q, Chen Y, Huang W. MicroRNA-101 overexpression by IL-6 and TNF-α inhibits cholesterol efflux by suppressing ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 expression. Exp Cell Res 2015; 336:33-42. [PMID: 26033364 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs play key roles in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. Here, we investigated the role of microRNA-101 (miR-101) in regulating ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression and cholesterol efflux under non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions in human THP-1-derived macrophages and HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells. METHODS The cell lines were transfected with one of four lentiviral vectors: miR-101, miR-101 control, anti-miR-101, or anti-miR-101 control. A luciferase reporter assay was used to examine miR-101 binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of ABCA1. Western blotting was conducted to assess ABCA1 protein expression. Cells were loaded with BODIPY-cholesterol and stained with oil red O to assess cholesterol efflux. RESULTS The luciferase activity assay revealed that wild-type miR-101 binding at site 2 significantly repressed ABCA1 3' UTR activity, suggesting that miR-101 directly targets the ABCA1 mRNA at site 2. In both cell lines, Western blotting revealed that miR-101 expression negatively regulates ABCA1 protein expression and significantly suppresses cholesterol efflux to ApoA1 under both low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and non-LDL conditions, which was confirmed by pronounced lipid inclusions visible by oil red O staining. In HepG2 cells, both IL-6 and TNF-α treatments produced significant miR-101 overexpression; however, in THP-1-derived macrophages, only IL-6 treatment produced significant miR-101 overexpression. Anti-mir-101 transfection under both IL-6 and TNF-α treatment conditions led to ABCA1 upregulation, indicating that miR-101 expression represses ABCA1 expression under inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSIONS miR-101 promotes intracellular cholesterol retention under inflammatory conditions through suppressing ABCA1 expression and suggests that the miR-101-ABCA1 axis may play an intermediary role in the development of NAFLD and vascular atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - JiaYan Lei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiongzhong Ruan
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Metabolism on Lipid and Glucose, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Centre for Nephrology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Liu
- Centre for Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxi Chen
- Centre for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Metabolism on Lipid and Glucose, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Platt FM, Wassif C, Colaco A, Dardis A, Lloyd-Evans E, Bembi B, Porter FD. Disorders of cholesterol metabolism and their unanticipated convergent mechanisms of disease. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2015; 15:173-94. [PMID: 25184529 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-091212-153412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol plays a key role in many cellular processes, and is generated by cells through de novo biosynthesis or acquired from exogenous sources through the uptake of low-density lipoproteins. Cholesterol biosynthesis is a complex, multienzyme-catalyzed pathway involving a series of sequentially acting enzymes. Inherited defects in genes encoding cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes or other regulators of cholesterol homeostasis result in severe metabolic diseases, many of which are rare in the general population and currently without effective therapy. Historically, these diseases have been viewed as discrete disorders, each with its own genetic cause and distinct pathogenic cascades that lead to its specific clinical features. However, studies have recently shown that three of these diseases have an unanticipated mechanistic convergence. This surprising finding is not only shedding light on details of cellular cholesterol homeostasis but also suggesting novel approaches to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom;
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Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Khatib S, Mahmood S, Vaya J, Aviram M. Reduced glutathione increases quercetin stimulatory effects on HDL- or apoA1-mediated cholesterol efflux from J774A.1 macrophages. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1462-72. [PMID: 25204422 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.963574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In our in vitro study, we analyzed the effects of incubation of J774A.1 macrophages with reduced glutathione (GSH) and quercetin on the extent of cellular cholesterol efflux by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1). This combination was the most potent one among other exogenous and endogenous antioxidant combinations, since it significantly increased the extent of HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages by 47% versus control cells, whereas quercetin (20 μM) or GSH (200 μM) alone increased it by only 37% or 17%, respectively. Similarly, apoA1-mediated cholesterol efflux was increased by 11% or 22% in quercetin or quercetin + GSH-treated cells, respectively, versus control cells. These stimulatory effects were noted only after 20 h of cell incubation. The combination of quercetin + GSH demonstrated high scavenging capacity of free radicals versus quercetin or GSH alone. In addition, quercetin + GSH significantly decreased macrophage oxidative stress as measured by the scavenging capacity of free radicals in the cells, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the levels of cellular glutathione and lipid peroxides. There was no significant effect of quercetin + GSH on cellular HDL binding, on ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) activity, or on ABCG1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. In contrast, mRNA levels for ABCA1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) were both significantly increased by 89% and 93%, respectively, in quercetin + GSH-treated cells versus control cells. Quercetin alone increased the mRNA levels for ABCA1 or PPARα by 42% or 77%, respectively, whereas GSH alone increased it by 22% or 28%, respectively. Mass spectra analysis revealed that oxidized quercetin reacts with GSH to form a new adduct product. We thus conclude that the stimulatory effects of quercetin + GSH on apoA1- or HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux are related to the ability of GSH to preserve quercetin in its reduced form.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosenblat
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel
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Nguyen AV, Wu YY, Lin EY. STAT3 and sphingosine-1-phosphate in inflammation-associated colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10279-10287. [PMID: 25132744 PMCID: PMC4130835 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i30.10279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical link between inflammation and cancer. Multiple studies have indicated that persistent activation of STAT3 in epithelial/tumor cells in inflammation-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor signaling. In inflammatory response whereby interleukin (IL)-6 production is abundant, STAT3-mediated pathways were found to promote the activation of sphingosine kinases (SphK1 and SphK2) leading to the production of S1P. Reciprocally, S1P encourages the activation of STAT3 through a positive autocrine-loop signaling. The crosstalk between IL-6, STAT3 and sphingolipid regulated pathways may play an essential role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression in inflamed intestines. Therapeutics targeting both STAT3 and sphingolipid are therefore likely to contribute novel and more effective therapeutic strategies against inflammation-associated CRC.
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