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Gasser MT, Liu A, Altamia M, Brensinger BR, Brewer SL, Flatau R, Hancock ER, Preheim SP, Filone CM, Distel DL. Membrane vesicles can contribute to cellulose degradation by Teredinibacter turnerae, a cultivable intracellular endosymbiont of shipworms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.27.587001. [PMID: 38585906 PMCID: PMC10996688 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Teredinibacter turnerae is a cultivable cellulolytic Gammaproteobacterium (Cellvibrionaceae) that commonly occurs as an intracellular endosymbiont in the gills of wood-eating bivalves of the family Teredinidae (shipworms). The genome of T. turnerae encodes a broad range of enzymes that deconstruct cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin and contribute to wood (lignocellulose) digestion in the shipworm gut. However, the mechanisms by which T. turnerae secretes lignocellulolytic enzymes are incompletely understood. Here, we show that T. turnerae cultures grown on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produce membrane vesicles (MVs) that include a variety of proteins identified by LC-MS/MS as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) with predicted activities against cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Reducing sugar assays and zymography confirm that these MVs exhibit cellulolytic activity, as evidenced by the hydrolysis of CMC. Additionally, these MVs were enriched with TonB-dependent receptors, which are essential to carbohydrate and iron acquisition by free-living bacteria. These observations indicate a potential role for MVs in lignocellulose utilization by T. turnerae in the free-living state, suggest possible mechanisms for host-symbiont interaction, and may be informative for commercial applications such as enzyme production and lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Gasser
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Annie Liu
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Marvin Altamia
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
| | - Bryan R. Brensinger
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Sarah L. Brewer
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Ron Flatau
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
| | - Eric R. Hancock
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | | | - Claire Marie Filone
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Dan L. Distel
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
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Zeng M, Liu M, Tao X, Yin X, Shen C, Wang X. Emerging Trends in the Application of Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Oral Delivery Vehicles for Therapeutics in Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8573-8601. [PMID: 39185348 PMCID: PMC11345024 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s475532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation involves complex immune responses where cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 promote vasodilation and increased vascular permeability to facilitate immune cell migration to inflammation sites. Persistent inflammation is linked to diseases like cancer, arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although oral anti-inflammatory drugs are favored for their non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness, their efficacy is often compromised due to gastrointestinal degradation and limited bioavailability. Recent advancements highlight the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as nanocarriers that enhance drug delivery by encapsulating therapeutic agents, ensuring targeted release and reduced toxicity. These EVs, derived from dietary sources and cell cultures, exhibit excellent biocompatibility and stability, presenting a novel approach in anti-inflammatory therapies. This review discusses the classification and advantages of orally administered EVs (O-EVs), their mechanism of action, and their emerging role in treating inflammatory conditions, positioning them as promising vectors in the development of innovative anti-inflammatory drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maozhu Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelin Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Ho MY, Liu S, Xing B. Bacteria extracellular vesicle as nanopharmaceuticals for versatile biomedical potential. NANO CONVERGENCE 2024; 11:28. [PMID: 38990415 PMCID: PMC11239649 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria extracellular vesicles (BEVs), characterized as the lipid bilayer membrane-surrounded nanoparticles filled with molecular cargo from parent cells, play fundamental roles in the bacteria growth and pathogenesis, as well as facilitating essential interaction between bacteria and host systems. Notably, benefiting from their unique biological functions, BEVs hold great promise as novel nanopharmaceuticals for diverse biomedical potential, attracting significant interest from both industry and academia. Typically, BEVs are evaluated as promising drug delivery platforms, on account of their intrinsic cell-targeting capability, ease of versatile cargo engineering, and capability to penetrate physiological barriers. Moreover, attributing to considerable intrinsic immunogenicity, BEVs are able to interact with the host immune system to boost immunotherapy as the novel nanovaccine against a wide range of diseases. Towards these significant directions, in this review, we elucidate the nature of BEVs and their role in activating host immune response for a better understanding of BEV-based nanopharmaceuticals' development. Additionally, we also systematically summarize recent advances in BEVs for achieving the target delivery of genetic material, therapeutic agents, and functional materials. Furthermore, vaccination strategies using BEVs are carefully covered, illustrating their flexible therapeutic potential in combating bacterial infections, viral infections, and cancer. Finally, the current hurdles and further outlook of these BEV-based nanopharmaceuticals will also be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao Ho
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, S637371, Singapore
| | - Songhan Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, S637371, Singapore
| | - Bengang Xing
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, S637371, Singapore.
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Nonaka S, Okamoto R, Katsuta Y, Kanetsuki S, Nakanishi H. Gingipain-carrying outer membrane vesicles from Porphyromonas gingivalis cause barrier dysfunction of Caco-2 cells by releasing gingipain into the cytosol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 707:149783. [PMID: 38493746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ingestion of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, disrupts the intestinal barrier in mice. However, the involvement of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted from P. gingivalis in the destruction of the intestinal barrier remains unclear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that OMVs carrying gingipains, the major cysteine proteases produced by P. gingivalis, affects the intestinal barrier function. OMVs increased the permeability of the Caco-2 cell monolayer, a human intestinal epithelial cell line, accompanied by degradation of the tight junction protein occludin. In contrast, OMVs prepared from mutant strains devoid of gingipains failed to induce intestinal barrier dysfunction or occludin degradation in Caco-2 cells. A close histological examination revealed the intracellular localization of gingipain-carrying OMVs. Gingipain activity was detected in the cytosolic fraction of Caco-2 cells after incubation with OMVs. These results suggest that gingipains were internalized into intestinal cells through OMVs and transported into the cytosol, where they then directly degraded occludin from the cytosolic side. Thus, P. gingivalis OMVs might destroy the intestinal barrier and induce systemic inflammation via OMV itself or intestinal substances leaked into blood vessels, causing various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Nonaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan.
| | - Rin Okamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Yui Katsuta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Shiori Kanetsuki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
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Dell'Annunziata F, Ciaglia E, Folliero V, Lopardo V, Maciag A, Galdiero M, Puca AA, Franci G. Klebsiella pneumoniae-OMVs activate death-signaling pathways in Human Bronchial Epithelial Host Cells (BEAS-2B). Heliyon 2024; 10:e29017. [PMID: 38644830 PMCID: PMC11031753 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis are important in mammalian cellular protection from infections. The activation of these pathways depends on the presence of membrane receptors that bind bacterial components to activate the transduction mechanism. In addition to bacteria, these mechanisms can be activated by outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs are spherical vesicles of 20-250 nm diameter, constitutively released by Gram-negative bacteria. They contain several bacterial determinants including proteins, DNA/RNA and proteins, that activate different cellular processes in host cells. This study focused on Klebsiella pneumoniae-OMVs in activating death mechanisms in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Characterization of purified OMVs was achieved by scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and protein profiling. Cell viability was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay while apoptotic induction was measured by flow cytometry and confirmed by western blotting. The OMVs produced showed a spherical morphology, with a diameter of 137.2 ± 41 nm and a vesicular density of 7.8 × 109 particles/mL Exposure of cell monolayers to 50 μg of K. pneumoniae-OMV for 14 h resulted in approximately 25 % cytotoxicity and 41.15-41.14 % of cells undergoing early and late apoptosis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed reduced cellular density, the presence of apoptotic bodies, chromatin condensation, and nuclear membrane blebbing in residual cells. Activation of caspases -3 and -9 and dysregulation of BAX, BIM and Bcl-xL indicated the activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase involved endoplasmic reticulum stress with the potential formation of reactive oxygen species. These findings provide evidence for the role of OMVs in apoptosis and involvement in the pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Dell'Annunziata
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Valentina Lopardo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maciag
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Complex Operative Unity of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona University Hospital, 84126, Salerno, Italy
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6
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Yao C, Zhang H, Wang C. Recent advances in therapeutic engineered extracellular vesicles. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7825-7840. [PMID: 38533676 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05470e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural particles secreted by living cells, which hold significant potential for various therapeutic applications. Native EVs have specific components and structures, allowing them to cross biological barriers, and circulate in vivo for a long time. Native EVs have also been bioengineered to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and targeting affinity. Recently, the therapeutic potential of surface-engineered EVs has been explored in the treatment of tumors, autoimmune diseases, infections and other diseases by ongoing research and clinical trials. In this review, we will introduce the modified methods of engineered EVs, summarize the application of engineered EVs in preclinical and clinical trials, and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of surface-engineered EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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7
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Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
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Li Z, Shang W, Mei T, Fu D, Xi F, Shao Y, Song X, Wang Z, Qi K, Tu J. Outer membrane vesicles of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli induce necroptosis and NF-κB activation in chicken macrophages via RIPK1 mediation. Res Vet Sci 2024; 170:105185. [PMID: 38422838 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are soluble mediators secreted by Gram-negative bacteria that are involved in communication. They can carry a variety of harmful molecules, which induce cytotoxic responses and inflammatory reactions in the absence of direct host cell-bacterium interactions. We previously reported the isolation of OMVs from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) culture medium by ultracentrifugation, and characterized them as a substance capable of inducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and causing tissue damage. However, the specific mechanisms by which APEC-secreted OMVs activate host cell death signaling and inflammation are poorly understood. Here, we show that OMVs are involved in the pathogenesis of APEC disease. In an APEC/chicken macrophage (HD11) coculture system, APEC significantly promoted HD11 cell death and inflammatory responses by secreting OMVs. Using western blotting analysis and specific pathway inhibitors, we demonstrated that the induction of HD11 death by APEC OMVs is associated with the activation of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1)-, receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3)-, and mixed lineage kinase like pseudokinase (MLKL)-induced necroptosis. Notably, necroptosis inhibitor-1 (Nec-1), an RIPK1 inhibitor, reversed these effects. We also showed that APEC OMVs promote the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65, the increased nuclear translocation of p65, and the significant upregulation of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 transcription. Importantly, APEC OMVs-induced IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway were similarly significantly inhibited by a RIPK1-specific inhibitor. Based on these findings, we have established that RIPK1 plays a dual role in HD11 cells necroptosis and the proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) expression induced by APEC OMVs. RIPK1 mediated the induction of necroptosis and the activation of the NF-κB in HD11 cells via APEC OMVs. The results of this study provide a basis for further investigation of the contribution of OMVs to the pathogenesis of APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ting Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Dandan Fu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Feng Xi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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9
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Jeong GJ, Khan F, Tabassum N, Cho KJ, Kim YM. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Modulation of biofilm and virulence properties. Acta Biomater 2024; 178:13-23. [PMID: 38417645 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens cause persistent infections by forming biofilms and producing numerous virulence factors. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanostructures produced by various bacterial species vital for molecular transport. BEVs include various components, including lipids (glycolipids, LPS, and phospholipids), nucleic acids (genomic DNA, plasmids, and short RNA), proteins (membrane proteins, enzymes, and toxins), and quorum-sensing signaling molecules. BEVs play a major role in forming extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in biofilms by transporting EPS components such as extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA. BEVs have been observed to carry various secretory virulence factors. Thus, BEVs play critical roles in cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation, virulence, disease progression, and resistance to antimicrobial treatment. In contrast, BEVs have been shown to impede early-stage biofilm formation, disseminate mature biofilms, and reduce virulence. This review summarizes the current status in the literature regarding the composition and role of BEVs in microbial infections. Furthermore, the dual functions of BEVs in eliciting and suppressing biofilm formation and virulence in various microbial pathogens are thoroughly discussed. This review is expected to improve our understanding of the use of BEVs in determining the mechanism of biofilm development in pathogenic bacteria and in developing drugs to inhibit biofilm formation by microbial pathogens. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanostructures formed by membrane blebbing and explosive cell lysis. It is essential for transporting lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, and quorum-sensing signaling molecules. BEVs play an important role in the formation of the biofilm's extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by transporting its components, such as extracellular polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA. Furthermore, BEVs shield genetic material from nucleases and thermodegradation by packaging it during horizontal gene transfer, contributing to the transmission of bacterial adaptation determinants like antibiotic resistance. Thus, BEVs play a critical role in cell-to-cell communication, biofilm formation, virulence enhancement, disease progression, and drug resistance. In contrast, BEVs have been shown to prevent early-stage biofilm, disperse mature biofilm, and reduce virulence characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Jae Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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10
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Pavkova I, Bavlovic J, Kubelkova K, Stulik J, Klimentova J. Protective potential of outer membrane vesicles derived from a virulent strain of Francisella tularensis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355872. [PMID: 38533334 PMCID: PMC10963506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Francisella tularensis secretes tubular outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain a number of immunoreactive proteins as well as virulence factors. We have reported previously that isolated Francisella OMVs enter macrophages, cumulate inside, and induce a strong pro-inflammatory response. In the current article, we present that OMVs treatment of macrophages also enhances phagocytosis of the bacteria and suppresses their intracellular replication. On the other hand, the subsequent infection with Francisella is able to revert to some extent the strong pro-inflammatory effect induced by OMVs in macrophages. Being derived from the bacterial surface, isolated OMVs may be considered a "non-viable mixture of Francisella antigens" and as such, they present a promising protective material. Immunization of mice with OMVs isolated from a virulent F. tularensis subsp. holarctica strain FSC200 prolonged the survival time but did not fully protect against the infection with a lethal dose of the parent strain. However, the sera of the immunized animals revealed unambiguous cytokine and antibody responses and proved to recognize a set of well-known Francisella immunoreactive proteins. For these reasons, Francisella OMVs present an interesting material for future protective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jana Klimentova
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Biology, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
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11
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Lei EK, Azmat A, Henry KA, Hussack G. Outer membrane vesicles as a platform for the discovery of antibodies to bacterial pathogens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:232. [PMID: 38396192 PMCID: PMC10891261 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized spheroidal particles shed by gram-negative bacteria that contain biomolecules derived from the periplasmic space, the bacterial outer membrane, and possibly other compartments. OMVs can be purified from bacterial culture supernatants, and by genetically manipulating the bacterial cells that produce them, they can be engineered to harbor cargoes and/or display molecules of interest on their surfaces including antigens that are immunogenic in mammals. Since OMV bilayer-embedded components presumably maintain their native structures, OMVs may represent highly useful tools for generating antibodies to bacterial outer membrane targets. OMVs have historically been utilized as vaccines or vaccine constituents. Antibodies that target bacterial surfaces are increasingly being explored as antimicrobial agents either in unmodified form or as targeting moieties for bactericidal compounds. Here, we review the properties of OMVs, their use as immunogens, and their ability to elicit antibody responses against bacterial antigens. We highlight antigens from bacterial pathogens that have been successfully targeted using antibodies derived from OMV-based immunization and describe opportunities and limitations for OMVs as a platform for antimicrobial antibody development. KEY POINTS: • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of gram-negative bacteria bear cell-surface molecules • OMV immunization allows rapid antibody (Ab) isolation to bacterial membrane targets • Review and analysis of OMV-based immunogens for antimicrobial Ab development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric K Lei
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aruba Azmat
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin A Henry
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Greg Hussack
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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12
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Ninyio N, Schmitt K, Sergon G, Nilsson C, Andersson S, Scherbak N. Stable expression of HIV-1 MPER extended epitope on the surface of the recombinant probiotic bacteria Escherichia Coli Nissle 1917 using CRISPR/Cas9. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:39. [PMID: 38311724 PMCID: PMC10840157 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal vaccines have the potential to induce protective immune responses at the sites of infection. Applying CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we aimed to develop a probiotic-based vaccine candidate expressing the HIV-1 envelope membrane-proximal external region (MPER) on the surface of E. coli Nissle 1917. RESULTS The HIV-1 MPER epitope was successfully introduced in the porin OmpF of the E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN-MPER) and the modification was stable over 30 passages of the recombinant bacteria on the DNA and protein level. Furthermore, the introduced epitope was recognized by a human anti-HIV-1 gp41 (2F5) antibody using both live and heat-killed EcN-MPER, and this antigenicity was also retained over 30 passages. Whole-cell dot blot suggested a stronger binding of anti-HIV-1 gp41 (2F5) to heat-killed EcN-MPER than their live counterpart. An outer membrane vesicle (OMV) - rich extract from EcN-MPER culture supernatant was equally antigenic to anti-HIV-1 gp41 antibody which suggests that the MPER antigen could be harboured in EcN-MPER OMVs. Using quantitative ELISA, we determined the amount of MPER produced by the modified EcN to be 14.3 µg/108 cfu. CONCLUSIONS The CRISPR/Cas9 technology was an effective method for establishment of recombinant EcN-MPER bacteria that was stable over many passages. The developed EcN-MPER clone was devoid of extraneous plasmids and antibiotic resistance genes which eliminates the risk of plasmid transfer to animal hosts, should this clone be used as a vaccine. Also, the EcN-MPER clone was recognised by anti-HIV-1 gp41 (2F5) both as live and heat-killed bacteria making it suitable for pre-clinical evaluation. Expression of OmpF on bacterial surfaces and released OMVs identifies it as a compelling candidate for recombinant epitope modification, enabling surface epitope presentation on both bacteria and OMVs. By applying the methods described in this study, we present a potential platform for cost-effective and rational vaccine antigen expression and administration, offering promising prospects for further research in the field of vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Ninyio
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Katharina Schmitt
- School of Science and Technology, Life Science Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Institute of Virology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Gladys Sergon
- School of Science and Technology, Life Science Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Nilsson
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sören Andersson
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Public Health Analysis and Data Management, Unit for Vaccination Programmes, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Nikolai Scherbak
- School of Science and Technology, Life Science Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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13
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Zuo S, Xu L, Zhang H, Jiang M, Wu S, Zhang LH, Zhou X, Wang J. FlgI Is a Sec-Dependent Effector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus That Can Be Blocked by Small Molecules Identified Using a Yeast Screen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:318. [PMID: 38276775 PMCID: PMC10819201 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most devastating diseases of citrus worldwide. The phloem-restricted bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) is considered to be the main pathogen responsible for HLB. There is currently no effective practical strategy for the control of HLB. Our understanding of how pathogens cause HLB is limited because CLas has not been artificially cultured. In this study, 15 potential virulence factors were predicted from the proteome of CLas through DeepVF and PHI-base searches. One among them, FlgI, was found to inhibit yeast growth when expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The expression of the signal peptide of FlgI fused with PhoA in Escherichia coli resulted in the discovery that FlgI was a novel Sec-dependent secretory protein. We further found that the carboxyl-terminal HA-tagged FlgI was secreted via outer membrane vesicles in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Fluoresence localization of transient expression FlgI-GFP in Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that FlgI is mainly localized in the cytoplasm, cell periphery, and nuclear periphery of tobacco cells. In addition, our experimental results suggest that FlgI has a strong ability to induce callose deposition and cell necrosis in N. benthamiana. Finally, by screening a large library of compounds in a high-throughput format, we found that cyclosporin A restored the growth of FlgI-expressing yeast. These results confirm that FlgI is a novel Sec-dependent effector, enriching our understanding of CLas pathogenicity and helping to develop new and more effective strategies to manage HLB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (H.Z.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (L.-H.Z.)
| | - Junxia Wang
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (H.Z.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (L.-H.Z.)
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14
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Ahmed AAQ, McKay TJM. Environmental and ecological importance of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168098. [PMID: 37884154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are unique structures released by the cells of all life forms. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) were found in various ecosystems and natural habitats. They are associated with bacterial-bacterial interactions as well as host-bacterial interactions in the environment. Moreover, BEVs facilitate bacterial adaptation to a variety of environmental conditions. BEVs were found to be abundant in the environment, and therefore they can regulate a broad range of environmental processes. In the environment, BEVs can serve as tools for cell-to-cell interaction, secreting mechanism of unwanted materials, transportation, genetic materials exchange and storage, defense and protection, growth support, electron transfer, and cell-surface interplay regulation. Thus, BEVs have a great potential to be used in a variety of environmental applications such as serving as bioremediating reagents for environmental disaster mitigation as well as removing problematic biofilms and waste treatment. This research area needs to be investigated further to disclose the full environmental and ecological importance of BEVs as well as to investigate how to harness BEVs as effective tools in a variety of environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Ecological and Human Sustainability, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa.
| | - Tracey Jill Morton McKay
- Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Ecological and Human Sustainability, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Florida, Johannesburg 1710, South Africa
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15
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Yeh YH, Kelly VW, Pour RR, Sirk SJ. A molecular toolkit for heterologous protein secretion across Bacteroides species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.14.571725. [PMID: 38168418 PMCID: PMC10760143 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.14.571725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Bacteroides species are abundant and prevalent stably colonizing members of the human gut microbiota, making them a promising chassis for developing long-term interventions for chronic diseases. Engineering these bacteria as on-site production and delivery vehicles for biologic drugs or diagnostics, however, requires efficient heterologous protein secretion tools, which are currently lacking. To address this limitation, we systematically investigated methods to enable heterologous protein secretion in Bacteroides using both endogenous and exogenous secretion systems. Here, we report a collection of secretion carriers that can export functional proteins across multiple Bacteroides species at high titers. To understand the mechanistic drivers of Bacteroides secretion, we characterized signal peptide sequence features as well as post-secretion extracellular fate and cargo size limit of protein cargo. To increase titers and enable flexible control of protein secretion, we developed a strong, self-contained, inducible expression circuit. Finally, we validated the functionality of our secretion carriers in vivo in a mouse model. This toolkit should enable expanded development of long-term living therapeutic interventions for chronic gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Yeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Vince W. Kelly
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rahman Rahman Pour
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Present address: Perlumi, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Shannon J. Sirk
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Lead Contact
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16
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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Das J, Kim JH. Antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa derived outer membrane vesicles against Streptococcus mutans. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22606. [PMID: 38125454 PMCID: PMC10730581 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious and most urgent global threat to human health. AMR is one of today's biggest difficulties in the health system and has the potential to harm people at any stage of life, making it a severe public health issue. There must be fewer antimicrobial medicines available to treat diseases given the rise in antibiotic-resistant organisms. If no new drugs are created or discovered, it is predicted that there won't be any effective antibiotics accessible by 2050. In most cases, Streptococcus increased antibiotic resistance by forming biofilms, which account for around 80 % of all microbial infections in humans. This highlights the need to look for new strategies to manage diseases that are resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, development alternative, biocompatible and high efficacy new strategies are essential to overcome drug resistance. Recently, bacterial derived extracellular vesicles have been applied to tackle infection and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, the objective of the current study was designed to assess the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa againstStreptococcus mutans. According to the findings of this investigation, the pure P. aeruginosa outer membrane vesicles (PAOMVs) display a size of 100 nm. S. mutans treated with PAOMVs showed significant antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. The mechanistic studies revealed that PAOMVs induce cell death through excessive generation of reactive oxygen species and imbalance of redox leads to lipid peroxidation, decreased level of antioxidant markers including glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Further this study confirmed that PAOMVs significantly impairs metabolic activity through inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, leakage of proteins and sugars. Interestingly, combination of sub-lethal concentrations of PAOMVs and antibiotics enhances cell death and biofilm formation of S. mutans. Altogether, this work, may serve as an important basis for further evaluation of PAOMVs as novel therapeutic agents against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Rathinam Techzone Campus, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Rathinam Techzone Campus, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joydeep Das
- Department of Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
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17
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Lee HJ, Lee Y, Hong SH, Park JW. Decoding the Link between Periodontitis and Neuroinflammation: The Journey of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles. Curr Genomics 2023; 24:132-135. [PMID: 38178987 PMCID: PMC10761334 DOI: 10.2174/0113892029258657231010065320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Jin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Korea, South
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Korea, South
| | - Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Korea, South
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Korea, South
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18
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Nazeer RR, Wang M, Welch M. More than just a gel: the extracellular matrixome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1307857. [PMID: 38028553 PMCID: PMC10679415 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1307857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Armed with an arsenal of protein secretion systems, antibiotic efflux pumps, and the occasional proclivity for explosive self-destruction, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a model for the study of bacterial pathogenesis and biofilm formation. There is accruing evidence to suggest that the biofilm matrix-the bioglue that holds the structure together-acts not only in a structural capacity, but is also a molecular "net" whose function is to capture and retain certain secreted products (including proteins and small molecules). In this perspective, we argue that the biofilm matrixome is a distinct extracellular compartment, and one that is differentiated from the bulk secretome. Some of the points we raise are deliberately speculative, but are becoming increasingly accessible to experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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19
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Szöllősi D, Hajdrik P, Tordai H, Horváth I, Veres DS, Gillich B, Shailaja KD, Smeller L, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Mihály J, Gaál A, Jezsó B, Barátki B, Kövesdi D, Bősze S, Szabó I, Felföldi T, Oszwald E, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás BZ, Hamdani N, Máthé D, Varga Z, Szigeti K. Molecular imaging of bacterial outer membrane vesicles based on bacterial surface display. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18752. [PMID: 37907509 PMCID: PMC10618197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The important roles of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in various diseases and their emergence as a promising platform for vaccine development and targeted drug delivery necessitates the development of imaging techniques suitable for quantifying their biodistribution with high precision. To address this requirement, we aimed to develop an OMV specific radiolabeling technique for positron emission tomography (PET). A novel bacterial strain (E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnlpI, ΔlpxM) was created for efficient OMV production, and OMVs were characterized using various methods. SpyCatcher was anchored to the OMV outer membrane using autotransporter-based surface display systems. Synthetic SpyTag-NODAGA conjugates were tested for OMV surface binding and 64Cu labeling efficiency. The final labeling protocol shows a radiochemical purity of 100% with a ~ 29% radiolabeling efficiency and excellent serum stability. The in vivo biodistribution of OMVs labeled with 64Cu was determined in mice using PET/MRI imaging which revealed that the biodistribution of radiolabeled OMVs in mice is characteristic of previously reported data with the highest organ uptakes corresponding to the liver and spleen 3, 6, and 12 h following intravenous administration. This novel method can serve as a basis for a general OMV radiolabeling scheme and could be used in vaccine- and drug-carrier development based on bioengineered OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Polett Hajdrik
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Tordai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Dániel S Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Gillich
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Kanni Das Shailaja
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - László Smeller
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Mihály
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Anikó Gaál
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology and Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Balázs Barátki
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, 29 Karolina Road, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Oszwald
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, 58 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Zoltán Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Budapest, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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20
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Techawiwattanaboon T, Phanchamnan E, Iadsee N, Makjaroen J, Pisitkun T, Patarakul K. Proteomic profile of naturally released extracellular vesicles secreted from Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona in response to temperature and osmotic stresses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18601. [PMID: 37903905 PMCID: PMC10616267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generally formed by pinching off outer membrane leaflets while simultaneously releasing multiple active molecules into the external environment. In this study, we aimed to identify the protein cargo of leptospiral EVs released from intact leptospires grown under three different conditions: EMJH medium at 30 °C, temperature shifted to 37 °C, and physiologic osmolarity (EMJH medium with 120 mM NaCl). The naturally released EVs observed under transmission electron microscopy were spherical in shape with an approximate diameter of 80-100 nm. Quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis indicated that the EVs were formed primarily from the outer membrane and the cytoplasm. The main functional COG categories of proteins carried in leptospiral EVs might be involved in cell growth, survival and adaptation, and pathogenicity. Relative to their abundance in EVs grown in EMJH medium at 30 °C, 39 and 69 proteins exhibited significant changes in response to the temperature shift and the osmotic change, respectively. During exposure to both stresses, Leptospira secreted several multifunctional proteins via EVs, while preserving certain virulence proteins within whole cells. Therefore, leptospiral EVs may serve as a decoy structure for host responses, whereas some virulence factors necessary for direct interaction with the host environment are reserved in leptospiral cells. This knowledge will be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of leptospirosis and developing as one of vaccine platforms against leptospirosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eakalak Phanchamnan
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nutta Iadsee
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiradej Makjaroen
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Patarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Qin Y, Shi Z, Zhu L, Li H, Lu W, Ye G, Huang Q, Cui L. Impact of Airborne Pathogen-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Macrophages Revealed by Raman Spectroscopy and Multiomics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15858-15868. [PMID: 37812447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to the indoor environment may pose threats to human health due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their byproducts. Nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) extensively secreted from pathogenic bacteria can traverse biological barriers and affect physio-pathological processes. However, the potential health impact of EVs from indoor dust and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, Raman spectroscopy combined with multiomics (genomics and proteomics) was used to address these issues. Genomic analysis revealed that Pseudomonas was an efficient producer of EVs that harbored 68 types of virulence factor-encoding genes. Upon exposing macrophages to environmentally relevant doses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1-derived EVs, macrophage internalization was observed, and release of inflammatory factors was determined by RT-PCR. Subsequent Raman spectroscopy and unsupervised surprisal analysis of EV-affected macrophages distinguished metabolic alterations, particularly in proteins and lipids. Proteomic analysis further revealed differential expression of proteins in inflammatory and metabolism-related pathways, indicating that EV exposure induced macrophage metabolic reprogramming and inflammation. Collectively, our findings revealed that pathogen-derived EVs in the indoor environments can act as a new mediator for pathogens to exert adverse health effects. Our method of Raman integrated with multiomics offers a complementary approach for rapid and in-depth understanding of EVs' impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Qin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longji Zhu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guozhu Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiansheng Huang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Li Cui
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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22
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Mao H, Gong T, Sun Y, Yang S, Qiao X, Yang D. Bacterial growth stage determines the yields, protein composition, and periodontal pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1193198. [PMID: 37900318 PMCID: PMC10602934 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1193198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction P. gingivalis (W83), as the keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, has been found to be tightly bound to systemic diseases. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by P. gingivalis (W83) are thought to serve key functions in bacterial virulence and pathogenicity. This study aims to comprehend the biological functions of P. gingivalis OMVs isolated from different growth stages by comparing their physicochemical properties and pathogenicity. Methods Protein composition was analyzed via isotope-labeled relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). Macrophage polarization and the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β were detected. The proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation, and IL-1b/NLRP3 expression of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were evaluated. P. gingivalis/P. gingivalis OMVs-induced periodontal models were also constructed in Sprague Dawley rats. Results The protein composition of P. gingivalis OMVs isolated from different growth stages demonstrated obvious differences ranging from 25 KDa to 75 KDa. In the results of flow cytometry, we found that in vitro experiments the M1 subtype of macrophages was more abundant in the late-log OMVs and stationary OMVs groups which boosted the production of inflammatory cytokines more than pre-log OMVs. Compared to pre-log OMVs, late-log OMVs and stationary OMVs had more pronounced inhibitory effects on proliferation, migration, and early osteogenesis of PDLSCs. The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated to a larger extent in the stationary OMVs group. Micro-computed tomography (Micro CT), hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), and tartrate acid phosphatase (TRAP) results showed that the periodontal damage in the stationary OMVs group was worse than that in the pre-log OMVs and late-log OMVs group, but almost equal to that in the positive control group (P. gingivalis). Discussion In general, both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that late-log OMVs and stationary OMVs have more significant pathogenicity in periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Mao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyao Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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23
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Rath P, Hermann A, Schaefer R, Agustoni E, Vonach JM, Siegrist M, Miscenic C, Tschumi A, Roth D, Bieniossek C, Hiller S. High-throughput screening of BAM inhibitors in native membrane environment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5648. [PMID: 37704632 PMCID: PMC10499997 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane insertase of Gram-negative bacteria, BAM, is a key target for urgently needed novel antibiotics. Functional reconstitutions of BAM have so far been limited to synthetic membranes and with low throughput capacity for inhibitor screening. Here, we describe a BAM functional assay in native membrane environment capable of high-throughput screening. This is achieved by employing outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to present BAM directly in native membranes. Refolding of the model substrate OmpT by BAM was possible from the chaperones SurA and Skp, with the required SurA concentration three times higher than Skp. In the OMVs, the antibiotic darobactin had a tenfold higher potency than in synthetic membranes, highlighting the need for native conditions in antibiotics development. The assay is successfully miniaturized for 1536-well plates and upscaled using large scale fermentation, resulting in high-throughput capacities to screen large commercial compound libraries. Our OMV-based assay thus lays the basis for discovery, hit validation and lead expansion of antibiotics targeting BAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathi Rath
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Hermann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ramona Schaefer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elia Agustoni
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Vonach
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Siegrist
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Miscenic
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Tschumi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Doris Roth
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bieniossek
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastian Hiller
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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24
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Shi T, Wang J, Dong J, Hu P, Guo Q. Periodontopathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Their Roles in the Progression of Respiratory Diseases. Pathogens 2023; 12:1110. [PMID: 37764918 PMCID: PMC10535846 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between oral microbiota and the human host extends beyond the confines of the oral cavity, profoundly impacting the general health status. Both periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases show high prevalence worldwide and have a marked influence on the quality of life for the patients. Accumulating studies are establishing a compelling association between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases. Here, in this review, we specifically focus on the key periodontal pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and dissect their roles in the onset and course of respiratory diseases, mainly pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and asthma. The mechanistic underpinnings and molecular processes on how P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum contribute to the progression of related respiratory diseases are further summarized and analyzed, including: induction of mucus hypersecretion and chronic airway inflammation; cytotoxic effects to disrupt the morphology and function of respiratory epithelial cells; synergistic pathogenic effects with respiratory pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By delving into the complex relationship to periodontal diseases and periodontopathogens, this review helps unearth novel insights into the etiopathogenesis of respiratory diseases and inspires the development of potential therapeutic avenues and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiajia Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pingyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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25
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Gao H, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang G, Hu W, Dong L, Wang S. Outer membrane vesicles from a mosquito commensal mediate targeted killing of Plasmodium parasites via the phosphatidylcholine scavenging pathway. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5157. [PMID: 37620328 PMCID: PMC10449815 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a crucial modulator of Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes, including the production of anti-Plasmodium effector proteins. But how the commensal-derived effectors are translocated into Plasmodium parasites remains obscure. Here we show that a natural Plasmodium blocking symbiotic bacterium Serratia ureilytica Su_YN1 delivers the effector lipase AmLip to Plasmodium parasites via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). After a blood meal, host serum strongly induces Su_YN1 to release OMVs and the antimalarial effector protein AmLip into the mosquito gut. AmLip is first secreted into the extracellular space via the T1SS and then preferentially loaded on the OMVs that selectively target the malaria parasite, leading to targeted killing of the parasites. Notably, these serum-induced OMVs incorporate certain serum-derived lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, which is critical for OMV uptake by Plasmodium via the phosphatidylcholine scavenging pathway. These findings reveal that this gut symbiotic bacterium evolved to deliver secreted effector molecules in the form of extracellular vesicles to selectively attack parasites and render mosquitoes refractory to Plasmodium infection. The discovery of the role of gut commensal-derived OMVs as carriers in cross-kingdom communication between mosquito microbiota and Plasmodium parasites offers a potential innovative strategy for blocking malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guandong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqian Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sibao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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26
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Sun B, Sawant H, Borthakur A, Bihl JC. Emerging therapeutic role of gut microbial extracellular vesicles in neurological disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1241418. [PMID: 37621715 PMCID: PMC10445154 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1241418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as cell-to-cell and inter-organ communicators by conveying proteins and nucleic acids with regulatory functions. Emerging evidence shows that gut microbial-released EVs play a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis, bidirectional communication, and crosstalk between the gut and the brain. Increasing pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that gut bacteria-released EVs are capable of eliciting distinct signaling to the brain with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, exerting regulatory function on brain cells such as neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, via their abundant and diversified protein and nucleic acid cargo. Conversely, EVs derived from certain species of bacteria, particularly from gut commensals with probiotic properties, have recently been shown to confer distinct therapeutic effects on various neurological disorders. Thus, gut bacterial EVs may be both a cause of and therapy for neuropathological complications. This review marshals the basic, clinical, and translational studies that significantly contributed to our up-to-date knowledge of the therapeutic potential of gut microbial-derived EVs in treating neurological disorders, including strokes, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and dementia. The review also discusses the newer insights in recent studies focused on developing superior therapeutic microbial EVs via genetic manipulation and/or dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Harshal Sawant
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Alip Borthakur
- Departments of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Ji Chen Bihl
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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27
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Thapa HB, Ebenberger SP, Schild S. The Two Faces of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1045. [PMID: 37370364 PMCID: PMC10295235 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanosized lipid particles secreted by lysis or blebbing mechanisms from Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. It is becoming increasingly evident that MVs can promote antimicrobial resistance but also provide versatile opportunities for therapeutic exploitation. As non-living facsimiles of parent bacteria, MVs can carry multiple bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites, which enable them to participate in intra- and interspecific communication. Although energetically costly, the release of MVs seems beneficial for bacterial fitness, especially for pathogens. In this review, we briefly discuss the current understanding of diverse MV biogenesis routes affecting MV cargo. We comprehensively highlight the physiological functions of MVs derived from human pathogens covering in vivo adaptation, colonization fitness, and effector delivery. Emphasis is given to recent findings suggesting a vicious cycle of MV biogenesis, pathophysiological function, and antibiotic therapy. We also summarize potential therapeutical applications, such as immunotherapy, vaccination, targeted delivery, and antimicrobial potency, including their experimental validation. This comparative overview identifies common and unique strategies for MV modification used along diverse applications. Thus, the review summarizes timely aspects of MV biology in a so far unprecedented combination ranging from beneficial function for bacterial pathogen survival to future medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri B. Thapa
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan P. Ebenberger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence Biohealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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28
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Tan L, Zhong MM, Liu Q, Chen Y, Zhao YQ, Zhao J, Dusenge MA, Feng Y, Ye Q, Hu J, Ou-Yang ZY, Zhou YH, Guo Y, Feng YZ. Potential interaction between the oral microbiota and COVID-19: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics prediction. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1193340. [PMID: 37351182 PMCID: PMC10282655 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1193340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate available evidence on the association between the human oral microbiota and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and summarize relevant data obtained during the pandemic. Methods We searched EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for human studies published up to October 2022. The main outcomes of the study were the differences in the diversity (α and β) and composition of the oral microbiota at the phylum and genus levels between patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (CPs) and healthy controls (HCs). We used the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network (STRING) and Gene enrichment analysis (Metascape) to evaluate the expression of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) (which is the cell receptor of SARS CoV-2) in oral tissues and evaluate its correlation with viral genes or changes in the oral microbiota. Results Out of 706 studies, a meta-analysis of 9 studies revealed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in CPs than in HCs (standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.53, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): -0.97 to -0.09). Subgroup meta-analysis revealed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in older than younger individuals (SMD: -0.54, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.23/SMD: -0.52, 95% CI: -1.18 to 0.14). At the genus level, the most significant changes were in Streptococcus and Neisseria, which had abundances that were significantly higher and lower in CPs than in HCs based on data obtained from six out of eleven and five out of eleven studies, respectively. DPP4 mRNA expression in the oral salivary gland was significantly lower in elderly individuals than in young individuals. Spearman correlation analysis showed that DPP4 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of viral genes. Gene enrichment analysis showed that DPP4-associated proteins were mainly enriched in biological processes, such as regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis of viruses by host cells and bacterial invasion of epithelial cells. Conclusion The oral microbial composition in COVID-19 patients was significantly different from that in healthy individuals, especially among elderly individuals. DPP4 may be related to viral infection and dysbiosis of the oral microbiome in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-Mei Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Marie Aimee Dusenge
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ze-Yue Ou-Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wang X, Wu Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Chen S, Zhang F, Li S, Wang C, Gong Y, Huang R, Hu M, Ning Y, Zhao H, Guo X. Altered gut microbiome profile in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153424. [PMID: 37250055 PMCID: PMC10213253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic, degenerative disorder with unknown causes. In this study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the gut microbiota profile in patients with knee OA. Methods 16S rDNA gene sequencing was performed to detect the gut microbiota in fecal samples collected from the patients with OA (n = 32) and normal control (NC, n = 57). Then the metagenomic sequencing was used to identify the genes or functions linked with gut microbial changes at the species level in the fecal samples from patients with OA and NC groups. Results The Proteobacteria was identified as dominant bacteria in OA group. We identified 81 genera resulted significantly different in abundance between OA and NC. The abundance of Agathobacter, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Subdoligranulum, and Lactobacillus showed significant decrease in the OA compared to the NC. The abundance of genera Prevotella_7, Clostridium, Flavonifractor and Klebsiella were increasing in the OA group, and the families Lactobacillaceae, Christensenellaceae, Clostridiaceae_1 and Acidaminococcaceae were increasing in the NC. The metagenomic sequencing showed that the abundance of Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis at the species level were significantly decreasing in the OA, and the abundance of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus salivarius were significantly increased in OA. Discussion The results of our study interpret a comprehensive profile of the gut microbiota in patients with knee OA and offer the evidence that the cartilage-gut-microbiome axis could play a crucial role in underlying the mechanisms and pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruitian Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minhan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongmou Zhao
- Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Luo R, Chang Y, Liang H, Zhang W, Song Y, Li G, Yang C. Interactions between extracellular vesicles and microbiome in human diseases: New therapeutic opportunities. IMETA 2023; 2:e86. [PMID: 38868436 PMCID: PMC10989913 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, accumulating research on the interactions between microbiome homeostasis and host health has broadened new frontiers in delineating the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic strategies. By transporting proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites in their versatile bioactive molecules, extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural bioactive cell-secreted nanoparticles, may be key mediators of microbiota-host communications. In addition to their positive and negative roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, there is considerable evidence to implicate EVs secreted by bacteria (bacterial EVs [BEVs]) in the onset and progression of various diseases, including gastrointestinal, respiratory, dermatological, neurological, and musculoskeletal diseases, as well as in cancer. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have explored BEV-based platforms to design novel biomedical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Hence, in this review, we highlight the recent advances in BEV biogenesis, composition, biofunctions, and their potential involvement in disease pathologies. Furthermore, we introduce the current and emerging clinical applications of BEVs in diagnostic analytics, vaccine design, and novel therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yanmin Chang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Amalia L, Tsai SL. Functionalization of OMVs for Biocatalytic Applications. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050459. [PMID: 37233521 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are miniature versions of gram-negative bacteria that contain almost the same content as their parent cells, particularly in terms of membrane composition. Using OMVs as biocatalysts is a promising approach due to their potential benefits, including their ability to be handled similarly to bacteria while lacking potentially pathogenic organisms. To employ OMVs as biocatalysts, they must be functionalized with immobilized enzymes to the OMV platform. Various enzyme immobilization techniques are available, including surface display and encapsulation, each with advantages and disadvantages depending on the objectives. This review provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of these immobilization techniques and their applications in utilizing OMVs as biocatalysts. Specifically, we discuss the use of OMVs in catalyzing the conversion of chemical compounds, their role in polymer degradation, and their performance in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lita Amalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Long Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City 10607, Taiwan
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32
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Maphosa S, Moleleki LN, Motaung TE. Bacterial secretion system functions: evidence of interactions and downstream implications. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169. [PMID: 37083586 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Unprecedented insights into the biology and functions of bacteria have been and continue to be gained through studying bacterial secretion systems in isolation. This method, however, results in our understanding of the systems being primarily based on the idea that they operate independently, ignoring the subtleties of downstream interconnections. Gram-negative bacteria are naturally able to adapt to and navigate their frequently varied and dynamic surroundings, mostly because of the covert connections between secretion systems. Therefore, to comprehend some of the linked downstream repercussions for organisms that follow this discourse, it is vital to have mechanistic insights into how the intersecretion system functions in bacterial rivalry, virulence, and survival, among other things. To that purpose, this paper discusses a few key instances of molecular antagonistic and interdependent relationships between bacterial secretion systems and their produced functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silindile Maphosa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Lucy N Moleleki
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thabiso E Motaung
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa
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Wang Z, Zeng J, Deng J, Hou X, Zhang J, Yan W, Cai Q. Pathogen-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Mediators of Plant-Microbe Interactions. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2023; 36:218-227. [PMID: 36574017 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-22-0162-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed nanoparticles that deliver bioactive proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other small molecules from donor to recipient cells. They have attracted significant interest recently due to their important roles in regulating plant-microbe interaction. During microbial infection, plant EVs play a prominent role in defense by delivering small regulatory RNA into pathogens, resulting in the silencing of pathogen virulence genes. Pathogens also deliver small RNAs into plant cells to silence host immunity genes. Recent evidence indicates that microbial EVs may be involved in pathogenesis and host immunity modulation by transporting RNAs and other biomolecules. However, the biogenesis and function of microbial EVs in plant-microbe interaction remain ill-defined. In this review, we discuss various aspects of microbial EVs, with a particular focus on current methods for EV isolation, composition, biogenesis, and their roles in plant-microbe interaction. We also discussed the potential role of microbial EVs in cross-kingdom RNA trafficking from pathogens to plants, as it is a highly likely possibility to explore in the future. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jiayue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jiliang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiangjie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jiefu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Tomás-Martínez S, Zwolsman EJ, Merlier F, Pabst M, Lin Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Weissbrodt DG. Turnover of the extracellular polymeric matrix of granules performing biological phosphate removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1997-2009. [PMID: 36759376 PMCID: PMC10006046 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) are responsible for enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) from wastewater, where they grow embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPSs comprise a mixture of biopolymers like polysaccharides or (glyco)proteins. Despite previous studies, little is known about the dynamics of EPS in mixed cultures, and their production by PAOs and potential consumption by flanking microbes. EPSs are biodegradable and have been suggested to be a substrate for other organisms in the community. Studying EPS turnover can help elucidate their biosynthesis and biodegradation cycles. We analyzed the turnover of proteins and polysaccharides in the EPS of an enrichment culture of PAOs relative to the turnover of internal proteins. An anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) simulating EBPR conditions was operated to enrich for PAOs. After achieving a stable culture, carbon source was switched to uniformly 13C-labeled acetate. Samples were collected at the end of each aerobic phase. EPSs were extracted by alkaline treatment. 13C enrichment in proteins and sugars (after hydrolysis of polysaccharides) in the extracted EPS were measured by mass spectrometry. The average turnover rate of sugars and proteins (0.167 and 0.192 d-1 respectively) was higher than the expected value based on the solid removal rate (0.132 d-1), and no significant difference was observed between intracellular and extracellular proteins. This indicates that EPS from the PAO enriched community is not selectively degraded by flanking populations under stable EBPR process conditions. Instead, we observed general decay of biomass, which corresponds to a value of 0.048 d-1. KEY POINTS: • Proteins showed a higher turnover rate than carbohydrates. • Turnover of EPS was similar to the turnover of intracellular proteins. • EPS is not preferentially consumed by flanking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Erwin J Zwolsman
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Franck Merlier
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, CS, France
| | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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35
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Cai R, Wang L, Zhang W, Liu B, Wu Y, Pang J, Ma C. The role of extracellular vesicles in periodontitis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151322. [PMID: 37114060 PMCID: PMC10126335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent disease and one of the leading causes of tooth loss. Biofilms are initiating factor of periodontitis, which can destroy periodontal tissue by producing virulence factors. The overactivated host immune response is the primary cause of periodontitis. The clinical examination of periodontal tissues and the patient's medical history are the mainstays of periodontitis diagnosis. However, there is a lack of molecular biomarkers that can be used to identify and predict periodontitis activity precisely. Non-surgical and surgical treatments are currently available for periodontitis, although both have drawbacks. In clinical practice, achieving the ideal therapeutic effect remains a challenge. Studies have revealed that bacteria produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) to export virulence proteins to host cells. Meanwhile, periodontal tissue cells and immune cells produce EVs that have pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. Accordingly, EVs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Recent studies have also presented that the content and composition of EVs in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can serve as possible periodontitis diagnostic indicators. In addition, studies have indicated that stem cell EVs may encourage periodontal regeneration. In this article, we mainly review the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and discuss their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianliang Pang
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chufan Ma, ; Jianliang Pang,
| | - Chufan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chufan Ma, ; Jianliang Pang,
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A Cristae-Like Microcompartment in Desulfobacterota. mBio 2022; 13:e0161322. [PMID: 36321837 PMCID: PMC9764997 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01613-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Some Alphaproteobacteria contain intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs) and proteins homologous to those responsible for the mitochondrial cristae, an observation which has given rise to the hypothesis that the Alphaproteobacteria endosymbiont had already evolved cristae-like structures and functions. However, our knowledge of microbial fine structure is still limited, leaving open the possibility of structurally homologous ICMs outside the Alphaproteobacteria. Here, we report on the detailed characterization of lamellar cristae-like ICMs in environmental sulfate-reducing Desulfobacterota that form syntrophic partnerships with anaerobic methane-oxidizing (ANME) archaea. These structures are junction-bound to the cytoplasmic membrane and resemble the form seen in the lamellar cristae of opisthokont mitochondria. Extending these observations, we also characterized similar structures in Desulfovibrio carbinolicus, a close relative of the magnetotactic D. magneticus, which does not contain magnetosomes. Despite a remarkable structural similarity, the key proteins involved in cristae formation have not yet been identified in Desulfobacterota, suggesting that an analogous, but not a homologous, protein organization system developed during the evolution of some members of Desulfobacterota. IMPORTANCE Working with anaerobic consortia of methane oxidizing ANME archaea and their sulfate-reducing bacterial partners recovered from deep sea sediments and with the related sulfate-reducing bacterial isolate D. carbinolicus, we discovered that their intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs) appear remarkably similar to lamellar cristae. Three-dimensional electron microscopy allowed for the novel analysis of the nanoscale attachment of ICMs to the cytoplasmic membrane, and these ICMs are structurally nearly identical to the crista junction architecture seen in metazoan mitochondria. However, the core junction-forming proteins must be different. The outer membrane vesicles were observed to bud from syntrophic Desulfobacterota, and darkly stained granules were prominent in both Desulfobacterota and D. carbinolicus. These findings expand the taxonomic breadth of ICM-producing microorganisms and add to our understanding of three-dimensional microbial fine structure in environmental microorganisms.
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Membrane-Binding Biomolecules Influence the Rate of Vesicle Exchange between Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0134622. [PMID: 36342184 PMCID: PMC9746307 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01346-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The exchange of bacterial extracellular vesicles facilitates molecular exchange between cells, including the horizontal transfer of genetic material. Given the implications of such transfer events on cell physiology and adaptation, some bacterial cells have likely evolved mechanisms to regulate vesicle exchange. Past work has identified mechanisms that influence the formation of extracellular vesicles, including the production of small molecules that modulate membrane structure; however, whether these mechanisms also modulate vesicle uptake and have an overall impact on the rate of vesicle exchange is unknown. Here, we show that membrane-binding molecules produced by microbes influence both the formation and uptake of extracellular vesicles and have the overall impact of increasing the vesicle exchange rate within a bacterial coculture. In effect, production of compounds that increase vesicle exchange rates encourage gene exchange between neighboring cells. The ability of several membrane-binding compounds to increase vesicle exchange was demonstrated. Three of these compounds, nisin, colistin, and polymyxin B, are antimicrobial peptides added at sub-inhibitory concentrations. These results suggest that a potential function of exogenous compounds that bind to membranes may be the regulation of vesicle exchange between cells. IMPORTANCE The exchange of bacterial extracellular vesicles is one route of gene transfer between bacteria, although it was unclear if bacteria developed strategies to modulate the rate of gene transfer within vesicles. In eukaryotes, there are many examples of specialized molecules that have evolved to facilitate the production, loading, and uptake of vesicles. Recent work with bacteria has shown that some small molecules influence membrane curvature and induce vesicle formation. Here, we show that similar compounds facilitate vesicle uptake, thereby increasing the overall rate of vesicle exchange within bacterial populations. The addition of membrane-binding compounds, several of them antibiotics at subinhibitory concentrations, to a bacterial coculture increased the rate of horizontal gene transfer via vesicle exchange.
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Li Z, Niu L, Wang L, Mei T, Shang W, Cheng X, Li Y, Xi F, Song X, Shao Y, Xu Y, Tu J. Biodistribution of 89Zr-DFO-labeled avian pathogenic Escherichia coli outer membrane vesicles by PET imaging in chickens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102364. [PMID: 36525747 PMCID: PMC9791172 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a serious systemic infectious disease in poultry infections, causing severe economic losses to the poultry industry. Previous studies have shown that secretion of virulence proteins was required for the pathogenicity of APEC through the secretion system. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are a generalized secretion system of Gram-negative bacteria that play a key role in the long-distance delivery of virulence factors, but whether they are associated with the pathogenic mechanism of APEC has not been determined. In this study, OMVs were purified and characterized from AE17 (O2 serotype) by ultracentrifugation and density gradient centrifugation and their protein cargo was identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, 89Zr was labeled after chelating AE17 OMVs by DFO and positron emission tomography PET imaging was used to track 89Zr-DFO-OMVs in chickens and to pathologically analyze the distribution sites. This study showed that AE17 OMVs were membrane vesicles ranging in size from 20 to 200 nm and proteomic analysis revealed the presence of virulence proteins, including adhesion proteins OmpA, OmpC, OmpF, OmpX, FimH, FimC and FigE, and serum resistance proteins OmpT and MliC and immune response regulator proteins (FliC). In addition, in vivo PET imaging to track the biodistribution of AE17 OMVs showed that AE17 OMVs were taken up by the lung region and the gastrointestinal and renal regions but were not detected in other areas. Pathological analysis of the tissue sites where AE17 OMVs were ingested showed inflammatory responses and damage. These findings suggested that AE17 OMVs not only contained a group of virulence proteins associated with AE17 infection but can also deliver these virulence proteins over long distances and caused tissue inflammatory damage. Our study revealed a previously unidentified causative microbial signal in the pathogenesis of APEC that could aid in the development of vaccines and antibiotics effective against APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lulu Niu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine. Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Ting Mei
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Feng Xi
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine. Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Hosseini-Giv N, Basas A, Hicks C, El-Omar E, El-Assaad F, Hosseini-Beheshti E. Bacterial extracellular vesicles and their novel therapeutic applications in health and cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:962216. [PMID: 36439225 PMCID: PMC9691856 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.962216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells communicate with host cells and other bacteria through the release of membrane vesicles known as bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEV). BEV are established mediators of intracellular signaling, stress tolerance, horizontal gene transfer, immune stimulation and pathogenicity. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produce extracellular vesicles through different mechanisms based on cell structure. BEV contain and transfer different types of cargo such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are used to interact with and affect host cells such as cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. The role of these membranous microvesicles in host communication, intra- and inter-species cell interaction and signaling, and contribution to various diseases have been well demonstrated. Due to their structure, these vesicles can be easily engineered to be utilized for clinical application, as shown with its role in vaccine therapy, and could be used as a diagnostic and cancer drug delivery tool in the future. However, like other novel therapeutic approaches, further investigation and standardization is imperative for BEV to become a routine vector or a conventional treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hosseini-Giv
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alyza Basas
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chloe Hicks
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emad El-Omar
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatima El-Assaad
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elham Hosseini-Beheshti
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- The Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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40
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Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Detected in Human Blood from Healthy Donors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213787. [PMID: 36430266 PMCID: PMC9696020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota constitutes an important part of the holobiont in which extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players in health, especially regarding inter- and intra-kingdom communications. Analysis of EVs from the red blood cell concentrates of healthy donors revealed variable amounts of OmpA and LPS in 12 of the 14 analyzed samples, providing indirect experimental evidence of the presence of microbiota EVs in human circulating blood in the absence of barrier disruption. To investigate the role of these microbiota EVs, we tracked the fusion of fluorescent Escherichia coli EVs with blood mononuclear cells and showed that, in the circulating blood, these EVs interacted almost exclusively with monocytes. This study demonstrates that bacterial EVs constitute critical elements of the host-microbiota cellular communication. The analysis of bacterial EVs should thus be systematically included in any characterization of human EVs.
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du Teil Espina M, Fu Y, van der Horst D, Hirschfeld C, López-Álvarez M, Mulder LM, Gscheider C, Haider Rubio A, Huitema M, Becher D, Heeringa P, van Dijl JM. Coating and Corruption of Human Neutrophils by Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0075322. [PMID: 36000865 PMCID: PMC9602476 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00753-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone oral pathogen that successfully manipulates the human innate immune defenses, resulting in a chronic proinflammatory state of periodontal tissues and beyond. Here, we demonstrate that secreted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are deployed by P. gingivalis to selectively coat and activate human neutrophils, thereby provoking degranulation without neutrophil killing. Secreted granule components with antibacterial activity, especially LL-37 and myeloperoxidase (MPO), are subsequently degraded by potent OMV-bound proteases known as gingipains, thereby ensuring bacterial survival. In contrast to neutrophils, the P. gingivalis OMVs are efficiently internalized by macrophages and epithelial cells. Importantly, we show that neutrophil coating is a conserved feature displayed by OMVs of at least one other oral pathogen, namely, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. We conclude that P. gingivalis deploys its OMVs for a neutrophil-deceptive strategy to create a favorable inflammatory niche and escape killing. IMPORTANCE Severe periodontitis is a dysbiotic inflammatory disease that affects about 15% of the adult population, making it one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Importantly, periodontitis has been associated with the development of nonoral diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, pancreatic cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Periodontal pathogens implicated in periodontitis can survive in the oral cavity only by avoiding the insults of neutrophils while at the same time promoting an inflamed environment where they successfully thrive. Our present findings show that outer membrane vesicles secreted by the keystone pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis provide an effective delivery tool of virulence factors that protect the bacterium from being killed while simultaneously activating human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marines du Teil Espina
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanyan Fu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Demi van der Horst
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Hirschfeld
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne M. Mulder
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Costanza Gscheider
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Haider Rubio
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Minke Huitema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Aleksijević LH, Aleksijević M, Škrlec I, Šram M, Šram M, Talapko J. Porphyromonas gingivalis Virulence Factors and Clinical Significance in Periodontal Disease and Coronary Artery Diseases. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101173. [PMID: 36297228 PMCID: PMC9609396 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that lives in the oral cavity. It is an integral part of the oral microbiome, which includes more than 500 types of bacteria. Under certain circumstances, as a consequence of virulence factors, it can become very destructive and proliferate to many cells in periodontal lesions. It is one of the causative agents present extremely often in dental plaque and is the main etiological factor in the development of periodontal disease. During various therapeutic procedures, P. gingivalis can enter the blood and disseminate through it to distant organs. This primarily refers to the influence of periodontal agents on the development of subacute endocarditis and can facilitate the development of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and ischemic infarction. The action of P. gingivalis is facilitated by numerous factors of virulence and pathogenicity such as fimbriae, hemolysin, hemagglutinin, capsules, outer membrane vesicles, lipopolysaccharides, and gingipains. A special problem is the possibility of biofilm formation. P. gingivalis in a biofilm is 500 to 1000 times less sensitive to antimicrobial drugs than planktonic cells, which represents a significant problem in the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Horvat Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (L.H.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Marko Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Šram
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Šram
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (L.H.A.); (J.T.)
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Jalalvand F, Su YC, Manat G, Chernobrovkin A, Kadari M, Jonsson S, Janousková M, Rutishauser D, Semsey S, Løbner-Olesen A, Sandblad L, Flärdh K, Mengin-Lecreulx D, Zubarev RA, Riesbeck K. Protein domain-dependent vesiculation of Lipoprotein A, a protein that is important in cell wall synthesis and fitness of the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:984955. [PMID: 36275016 PMCID: PMC9585305 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.984955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human pathogen Haemophilus influenzae causes respiratory tract infections and is commonly associated with prolonged carriage in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is a ubiquitous phenomenon observed in Gram-negative bacteria including H. influenzae. OMVs play an important role in various interactions with the human host; from neutralization of antibodies and complement activation to spread of antimicrobial resistance. Upon vesiculation certain proteins are found in OMVs and some proteins are retained at the cell membrane. The mechanism for this phenomenon is not fully elucidated. We employed mass spectrometry to study vesiculation and the fate of proteins in the outer membrane. Functional groups of proteins were differentially distributed on the cell surface and in OMVs. Despite its supposedly periplasmic and outer membrane location, we found that the peptidoglycan synthase-activator Lipoprotein A (LpoA) was accumulated in OMVs relative to membrane fractions. A mutant devoid of LpoA lost its fitness as revealed by growth and electron microscopy. Furthermore, high-pressure liquid chromatography disclosed a lower concentration (55%) of peptidoglycan in the LpoA-deficient H. influenzae compared to the parent wild type bacterium. Using an LpoA-mNeonGreen fusion protein and fluorescence microscopy, we observed that LpoA was enriched in “foci” in the cell envelope, and further located in the septum during cell division. To define the fate of LpoA, C-terminally truncated LpoA-variants were constructed, and we found that the LpoA C-terminal domain promoted optimal transportation to the OMVs as revealed by flow cytometry. Taken together, our study highlights the importance of LpoA for H. influenzae peptidoglycan biogenesis and provides novel insights into cell wall integrity and OMV production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Jalalvand
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yu-Ching Su
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Manat
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexey Chernobrovkin
- Physiological Chemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahendar Kadari
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sandra Jonsson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martina Janousková
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dorothea Rutishauser
- Physiological Chemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Szabolcs Semsey
- Centre for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Løbner-Olesen
- Centre for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Klas Flärdh
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Roman A. Zubarev
- Physiological Chemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Kristian Riesbeck,
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Michel LV, Gaborski T. Outer membrane vesicles as molecular biomarkers for Gram-negative sepsis: Taking advantage of nature's perfect packages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102483. [PMID: 36108741 PMCID: PMC9576880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an often life-threatening response to infection, occurring when host proinflammatory immune responses become abnormally elevated and dysregulated. To diagnose sepsis, the patient must have a confirmed or predicted infection, as well as other symptoms associated with the pathophysiology of sepsis. However, a recent study found that a specific causal organism could not be determined in the majority (70.1%) of sepsis cases, likely due to aggressive antibiotics or localized infections. The timing of a patient's sepsis diagnosis is often predictive of their clinical outcome, underlining the need for a more definitive molecular diagnostic test. Here, we outline the advantages and challenges to using bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), nanoscale spherical buds derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, as a diagnostic biomarker for Gram-negative sepsis. Advantages include OMV abundance, their robustness in the presence of antibiotics, and their unique features derived from their parent cell that could allow for differentiation between bacterial species. Challenges include the rigorous purification methods required to isolate OMVs from complex biofluids and the additional need to separate OMVs from similarly sized extracellular vesicles, which can share physical properties with OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Vacca Michel
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA.
| | - Thomas Gaborski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
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45
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Liu X, Xiao J, Wang S, Zhou J, Qin J, Jia Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Hao H. Research Progress on Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Antibiotic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11553. [PMID: 36232856 PMCID: PMC9569563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of antibiotic overuse, bacterial antibiotic resistance has become a severe threat to worldwide public health. The development of more effective antimicrobial therapies and alternative antibiotic strategies is urgently required. The role played by bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) in antibiotic resistance has become a current focus of research. BMVs are nanoparticles derived from the membrane components of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and contain diverse components originating from the cell envelope and cytoplasm. Antibiotic stress stimulates the secretion of BMVs. BMVs promote and mediate antibiotic resistance by multiple mechanisms. BMVs have been investigated as conceptually new antibiotics and drug-delivery vehicles. In this article, we outline the research related to BMVs and antibiotic resistance as a reference for the intentional use of BMVs to combat antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Jinyang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Jinxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Jiale Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Zhibo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Huifang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
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46
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Kashyap D, Panda M, Baral B, Varshney N, R S, Bhandari V, Parmar HS, Prasad A, Jha HC. Outer Membrane Vesicles: An Emerging Vaccine Platform. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1578. [PMID: 36298443 PMCID: PMC9610665 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are substances that improve the immune capacity of a recombinant vaccine to a great extent and have been in use since the early 1900s; they are primarily short-lived and initiate antigen activity, mainly an inflammatory response. With the developing technologies and innovation, early options such as alum were modified, yet the inorganic nature of major vaccine adjuvants caused several side effects. Outer membrane vesicles, which respond to the stressed environment, are small nano-sized particles secreted by gram-negative bacteria. The secretory nature of OMV gives us many benefits in terms of infection bioengineering. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of bacteria's outer membrane vesicles (OMV) and their potential usage as adjuvants in making OMV-based vaccines. The OMV adjuvant-based vaccines can be a great benefactor, and there are ongoing trials for formulating OMV adjuvant-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. This study emphasizes engineering the OMVs to develop better versions for safety purposes. This article will also provide a gist about the advantages and disadvantages of such vaccines, along with other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kashyap
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Mrutyunjaya Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Budhadev Baral
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Sajitha R
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Noida, Amity 201313, India
| | - Vasundhra Bhandari
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | | | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175005, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
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47
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Qin YF, Lu XY, Shi Z, Huang QS, Wang X, Ren B, Cui L. Deep Learning-Enabled Raman Spectroscopic Identification of Pathogen-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and the Biogenesis Process. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12416-12426. [PMID: 36029235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacterial infections, exacerbated by increasing antimicrobial resistance, pose a major threat to human health worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by bacteria and acting as their "long-distance weapons", play an important role in the occurrence and development of infectious diseases. However, no efficient methods to rapidly detect and identify EVs of different bacterial origins are available. Here, label-free Raman spectroscopy in combination with a new deep learning model of the attentional neural network (aNN) was developed to identify pathogen-derived EVs at Gram±, species, strain, and even down to physiological levels. By training the aNN model with a large Raman data set from six typical pathogen-derived EVs, we achieved the identification of EVs with high accuracies at all levels: exceeding 96% at the Gram and species levels, 93% at the antibiotic-resistant and sensitive strain levels, and still above 87% at the physiological level. aNN enabled Raman spectroscopy to interrogate the bacterial origin of EVs to a much higher level than previous methods. Moreover, spectral markers underpinning EV discrimination were uncovered from subtly different EV spectra via an interpretation algorithm of the integrated gradient. A further comparative analysis of the rich Raman biochemical signatures of EVs and parental pathogens clearly revealed the biogenesis process of EVs, including the selective encapsulation of biocomponents and distinct membrane compositions from the original bacteria. This developed platform provides an accurate and versatile means to identify pathogen-derived EVs, spectral markers, and the biogenesis process. It will promote rapid diagnosis and allow the timely treatment of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Qin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin-Yu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qian-Sheng Huang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li Cui
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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48
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Blancá B, Hayes JA, Surmann K, Hugo V, Hentschker C, Lamberti Y, Völker U, Rodriguez ME. Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicles as virulence factor vehicles that influence bacterial interaction with macrophages. Pathog Dis 2022; 80:6655986. [PMID: 35927587 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria constitutively shed outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which play a significant role in the host-pathogen interaction, eventually determining the outcome of the infection. We previously found that Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, survives the innate interaction with human macrophages remaining alive inside these immune cells. Adenylate cyclase (CyaA), one of the main toxins of this pathogen, was found involved in the modulation of the macrophage defense response, eventually promoting bacterial survival within the cells. We here investigated whether B. pertussis OMVs, loaded with most of the bacterial toxins and CyaA among them, modulate the macrophage response to the bacterial infection. We observed that the pre-incubation of macrophages with OMVs led to a decreased macrophage defense response to the encounter with the bacteria, in a CyaA dependent way. Our results suggest that CyaA delivered by B. pertussis OMVs dampens macrophages protective function by decreasing phagocytosis and the bactericidal capability of these host cells. By increasing the chances of bacterial survival to the innate encounter with the macrophages, B. pertussis OMVs might play a relevant role in the course of infection, promoting bacterial persistence within the host and eventually, shaping the whole infection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Blancá
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jimena Alvarez Hayes
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Kristin Surmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Valdez Hugo
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Christian Hentschker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yanina Lamberti
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Rodriguez
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
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Matinha‐Cardoso J, Coutinho F, Lima S, Eufrásio A, Carvalho AP, Oliva‐Teles A, Bessa J, Tamagnini P, Serra CR, Oliveira P. Novel protein carrier system based on cyanobacterial nano-sized extracellular vesicles for application in fish. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2191-2207. [PMID: 35419949 PMCID: PMC9328742 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has been one of the fastest-growing food industry sectors, expanding at the pace of consumers' demands. To promote safe and effective fish growth performance strategies, and to stimulate environmentally friendly solutions to protect fish against disease outbreaks, new approaches are needed to safeguard fish welfare, as well as farmers and consumers interests. Here, we tested the use of cyanobacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a novel nanocarrier system of heterologous proteins for applications in fish. We started by incubating zebrafish larvae with Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 EVs, isolated from selected mutant strains with different cell envelope characteristics. Results show that Synechocystis EVs are biocompatible with fish larvae, regardless of their structural composition, as EVs neither induced fish mortality nor triggered significant inflammatory responses. We establish also that cyanobacteria are amenable to engineering heterologous protein expression and loading into EVs, for which we used the reporter sfGFP. Moreover, upon immersion treatment, we successfully demonstrate that sfGFP-loaded Synechocystis EVs accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish larvae. This work opens the possibility of using cyanobacterial EVs as a novel biotechnological tool in fish, with prospective applications in carrying proteins/enzymes, for example for modulating their nutritional status or stimulating specific adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Matinha‐Cardoso
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
| | - Filipe Coutinho
- CIMAR/CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de LeixõesUniversidade do PortoAv. General Norton de Matos s/nMatosinhos4450‐208Portugal
| | - Steeve Lima
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- MCbiology Doctoral ProgramICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversidade do PortoRua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228Porto4050‐313Portugal
| | - Ana Eufrásio
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- MCbiology Doctoral ProgramICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversidade do PortoRua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228Porto4050‐313Portugal
| | - António Paulo Carvalho
- CIMAR/CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de LeixõesUniversidade do PortoAv. General Norton de Matos s/nMatosinhos4450‐208Portugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/nPorto4169‐007Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva‐Teles
- CIMAR/CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de LeixõesUniversidade do PortoAv. General Norton de Matos s/nMatosinhos4450‐208Portugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/nPorto4169‐007Portugal
| | - José Bessa
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
| | - Paula Tamagnini
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/nPorto4169‐007Portugal
| | - Cláudia R. Serra
- CIMAR/CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de LeixõesUniversidade do PortoAv. General Norton de Matos s/nMatosinhos4450‐208Portugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/nPorto4169‐007Portugal
| | - Paulo Oliveira
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo Allen, 208Porto4200‐135Portugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre s/nPorto4169‐007Portugal
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Kaderabkova N, Bharathwaj M, Furniss RCD, Gonzalez D, Palmer T, Mavridou DA. The biogenesis of β-lactamase enzymes. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168:001217. [PMID: 35943884 PMCID: PMC10235803 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming marked a new era for modern medicine, allowing not only the treatment of infectious diseases, but also the safe performance of life-saving interventions, like surgery and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, resistance against penicillin, as well as more complex β-lactam antibiotics, has rapidly emerged since the introduction of these drugs in the clinic, and is largely driven by a single type of extra-cytoplasmic proteins, hydrolytic enzymes called β-lactamases. While the structures, biochemistry and epidemiology of these resistance determinants have been extensively characterized, their biogenesis, a complex process including multiple steps and involving several fundamental biochemical pathways, is rarely discussed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the journey of β-lactamases, from the moment they exit the ribosomal channel until they reach their final cellular destination as folded and active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikol Kaderabkova
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Manasa Bharathwaj
- Centre to Impact AMR, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R. Christopher D. Furniss
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Diego Gonzalez
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Tracy Palmer
- Microbes in Health and Disease, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Despoina A.I. Mavridou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- John Ring LaMontagne Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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