1
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Nebli S, Rebai A, Ayadi I. Screening clusters of charged residues in plants' mitochondrial proteins and biological significance. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101938. [PMID: 39013535 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Protein function is dependent on charge interactions and charge biased regions, which are involved in a wide range of cellular and biochemical processes. We report the development of a new algorithm implemented in Python and its use to identify charge clusters CC (NegativeCC: NCC, PositiveCC: PCC and MixedCC: MCC) and compare their presence in mitochondrial proteins of plant groups. To characterize the resulting CC, statistical, structural and functional analyses were conducted. The screening of 105 399 protein sequences showed that 2.6 %, 0.48 % and 0.03 % of the proteins contain NCC, PCC and MCC, respectively. Mitochondrial proteins encoded by the nuclear genome of green algae have the biggest proportion of both PCC (1.6 %) and MCC (0.4 %) and mitochondrial proteins coded by the nuclear genome of other plants group have the highest portion of NCC (7.5 %). The mapping of the identified CC showed that they are mainly located in the terminal regions of the protein. Annotation showed that proteins with CC are classified as binding proteins, are included in the transmembrane transport processes, and are mainly located in the membrane. The CC scanning revealed the presence of 2373 and 784 sites and 192 and 149 motif profiles within NCC and PCC, respectively. The investigation of CC within pentatricopeptide repeat-containing proteins revealed that they are involved in correct and specific RNA editing. CC were proven to play a key role in providing insightful structural and functional information of complex protein assemblies which could be useful in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syrine Nebli
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P. O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed Rebai
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P. O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Ayadi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P. O. Box 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
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2
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Li S, Wuyun TN, Wang L, Zhang J, Tian H, Zhang Y, Wang S, Xia Y, Liu X, Wang N, Lv F, Xu J, Tang Z. Genome-wide and functional analysis of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes during dormancy and sprouting periods of kernel consumption apricots (P. armeniaca L. × P. sibirica L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133245. [PMID: 38977045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a crucial role in protecting cells from stress, making them potential contributors to abiotic stress tolerance. This study focuses on apricot (P. armeniaca L. × P. sibirica L.), where a comprehensive genome-wide analysis identified 54 LEA genes, categorized into eight subgroups based on phylogenetic relationships. Synteny analysis revealed 14 collinear blocks containing LEA genes between P. armeniaca × P. sibirica and Arabidopsis thaliana, with an additional 9 collinear blocks identified between P. armeniaca × P. sibirica and poplar. Examination of gene structure and conserved motifs indicated that these subgroups exhibit consistent exon-intron patterns and shared motifs. The expansion and duplication of LEA genes in P. armeniaca × P. sibirica were driven by whole-genome duplication (WGD), segmental duplication, and tandem duplication events. Expression analysis, utilizing RNA-seq data and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), indicated induction of PasLEA2-20, PasLEA3-2, PasLEA6-1, Pasdehydrin-3, and Pasdehydrin-5 in flower buds during dormancy and sprouting phases. Coexpression network analysis linked LEA genes with 15 cold-resistance genes. Remarkably, during the four developmental stages of flower buds in P. armeniaca × P. sibirica - physiological dormancy, ecological dormancy, sprouting period, and germination stage - the expression patterns of all PasLEAs coexpressed with cold stress-related genes remained consistent. Protein-protein interaction networks, established using Arabidopsis orthologs, emphasized connections between PasLEA proteins and cold resistance pathways. Overexpression of certain LEA genes in yeast and Arabidopsis conferred advantages under cold stress, including increased pod length, reduced bolting time and flowering time, improved survival and seed setting rates, elevated proline accumulation, and enhanced antioxidative enzymatic activities. Furthermore, these overexpressed plants exhibited upregulation of genes related to flower development and cold resistance. The Y1H assay confirmed that PasGBF4 and PasDOF3.5 act as upstream regulatory factors by binding to the promoter region of PasLEA3-2. PasDOF2.4, PasDnaJ2, and PasAP2 were also found to bind to the promoter of Pasdehydrin-3, regulating the expression levels of downstream genes. This comprehensive study explores the evolutionary relationships among PasLEA genes, protein interactions, and functional analyses during various stages of dormancy and sprouting in P. armeniaca × P. sibirica. It offers potential targets for enhancing cold resistance and manipulating flower bud dormancy in this apricot hybrid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Ta-Na Wuyun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Non-timber Forestry Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China.
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Non-timber Forestry Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China.
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Yaodan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Shaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Yongxiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain in Beijing, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Fenni Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botany Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jihuang Xu
- Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang 532600, PR China.
| | - Zhimin Tang
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100093, PR China.
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Hembach L, Niemeyer PW, Schmitt K, Zegers JMS, Scholz P, Brandt D, Dabisch JJ, Valerius O, Braus GH, Schwarzländer M, de Vries J, Rensing SA, Ischebeck T. Proteome plasticity during Physcomitrium patens spore germination - from the desiccated phase to heterotrophic growth and reconstitution of photoautotrophy. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1466-1486. [PMID: 38059656 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of moss spores is considered a milestone in plant evolution. They harbor protein networks underpinning desiccation tolerance and accumulation of storage compounds that can be found already in algae and that are also utilized in seeds and pollen. Furthermore, germinating spores must produce proteins that drive the transition through heterotrophic growth to the autotrophic plant. To get insight into the plasticity of this proteome, we investigated it at five timepoints of moss (Physcomitrium patens) spore germination and in protonemata and gametophores. The comparison to previously published Arabidopsis proteome data of seedling establishment showed that not only the proteomes of spores and seeds are functionally related, but also the proteomes of germinating spores and young seedlings. We observed similarities with regard to desiccation tolerance, lipid droplet proteome composition, control of dormancy, and β-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle. However, there were also striking differences. For example, spores lacked any obvious storage proteins. Furthermore, we did not detect homologs to the main triacylglycerol lipase in Arabidopsis seeds, SUGAR DEPENDENT1. Instead, we discovered a triacylglycerol lipase of the oil body lipase family and a lipoxygenase as being the overall most abundant proteins in spores. This finding indicates an alternative pathway for triacylglycerol degradation via oxylipin intermediates in the moss. The comparison of spores to Nicotiana tabacum pollen indicated similarities for example in regards to resistance to desiccation and hypoxia, but the overall developmental pattern did not align as in the case of seedling establishment and spore germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Hembach
- Green Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp W Niemeyer
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schmitt
- Department for Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Genetics and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB) and Service Unit LCMS Protein Analytics, Institute for Microbiology, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jaccoline M S Zegers
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB) and Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Patricia Scholz
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Dennis Brandt
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Janis J Dabisch
- Green Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Valerius
- Department for Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Genetics and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB) and Service Unit LCMS Protein Analytics, Institute for Microbiology, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard H Braus
- Department for Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Genetics and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB) and Service Unit LCMS Protein Analytics, Institute for Microbiology, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Plant Energy Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB) and Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Rensing
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Green Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Biswas S, Gollub E, Yu F, Ginell G, Holehouse A, Sukenik S, Boothby TC. Helicity of a tardigrade disordered protein contributes to its protective function during desiccation. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4872. [PMID: 38114424 PMCID: PMC10804681 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
To survive extreme drying (anhydrobiosis), many organisms, spanning every kingdom of life, accumulate intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). For decades, the ability of anhydrobiosis-related IDPs to form transient amphipathic helices has been suggested to be important for promoting desiccation tolerance. However, evidence empirically supporting the necessity and/or sufficiency of helicity in mediating anhydrobiosis is lacking. Here, we demonstrate that the linker region of CAHS D, a desiccation-related IDP from the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris, that contains significant helical structure, is the protective portion of this protein. Perturbing the sequence composition and grammar of the linker region of CAHS D, through the insertion of helix-breaking prolines, modulating the identity of charged residues, or replacement of hydrophobic amino acids with serine or glycine residues results in variants with different degrees of helical structure. Importantly, correlation of protective capacity and helical content in variants generated through different helix perturbing modalities does not show as strong a trend, suggesting that while helicity is important, it is not the only property that makes a protein protective during desiccation. These results provide direct evidence for the decades-old theory that helicity of desiccation-related IDPs is linked to their anhydrobiotic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Biswas
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Edith Gollub
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
- Quantitative Systems Biology ProgramUniversity of California MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
- Quantitative Systems Biology ProgramUniversity of California MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
| | - Garrett Ginell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Center for Biomolecular CondensatesWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Alex Holehouse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Center for Biomolecular CondensatesWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Shahar Sukenik
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
- Quantitative Systems Biology ProgramUniversity of California MercedMercedCaliforniaUSA
| | - Thomas C. Boothby
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
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5
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Li XH, Yu CWH, Gomez-Navarro N, Stancheva V, Zhu H, Murthy A, Wozny M, Malhotra K, Johnson CM, Blackledge M, Santhanam B, Liu W, Huang J, Freund SMV, Miller EA, Babu MM. Dynamic conformational changes of a tardigrade group-3 late embryogenesis abundant protein modulate membrane biophysical properties. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae006. [PMID: 38269070 PMCID: PMC10808001 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A number of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) encoded in stress-tolerant organisms, such as tardigrade, can confer fitness advantage and abiotic stress tolerance when heterologously expressed. Tardigrade-specific disordered proteins including the cytosolic-abundant heat-soluble proteins are proposed to confer stress tolerance through vitrification or gelation, whereas evolutionarily conserved IDPs in tardigrades may contribute to stress tolerance through other biophysical mechanisms. In this study, we characterized the mechanism of action of an evolutionarily conserved, tardigrade IDP, HeLEA1, which belongs to the group-3 late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family. HeLEA1 homologs are found across different kingdoms of life. HeLEA1 is intrinsically disordered in solution but shows a propensity for helical structure across its entire sequence. HeLEA1 interacts with negatively charged membranes via dynamic disorder-to-helical transition, mainly driven by electrostatic interactions. Membrane interaction of HeLEA1 is shown to ameliorate excess surface tension and lipid packing defects. HeLEA1 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix when expressed in yeast and interacts with model membranes mimicking inner mitochondrial membrane. Yeast expressing HeLEA1 shows enhanced tolerance to hyperosmotic stress under nonfermentative growth and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Evolutionary analysis suggests that although HeLEA1 homologs have diverged their sequences to localize to different subcellular organelles, all homologs maintain a weak hydrophobic moment that is characteristic of weak and reversible membrane interaction. We suggest that such dynamic and weak protein-membrane interaction buffering alterations in lipid packing could be a conserved strategy for regulating membrane properties and represent a general biophysical solution for stress tolerance across the domains of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Li
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Conny W H Yu
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | | | - Hongni Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andal Murthy
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Michael Wozny
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ketan Malhotra
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - Martin Blackledge
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Balaji Santhanam
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
- Department of Structural Biology, Center of Excellence for Data-Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - M Madan Babu
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
- Department of Structural Biology, Center of Excellence for Data-Driven Discovery, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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6
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Structural degradation and uptake of resveratrol-encapsulated liposomes using an in vitro digestion combined with Caco-2 cell absorption model. Food Chem 2023; 403:133943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Jia C, Guo B, Wang B, Li X, Yang T, Li N, Wang J, Yu Q. The LEA gene family in tomato and its wild relatives: genome-wide identification, structural characterization, expression profiling, and role of SlLEA6 in drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:596. [PMID: 36536303 PMCID: PMC9762057 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are widely distributed in higher plants and play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development processes and resisting abiotic stress. Cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important vegetable crop worldwide; however, its growth, development, yield, and quality are currently severely constrained by abiotic stressors. In contrast, wild tomato species are more tolerant to abiotic stress and can grow normally in extreme environments. The main objective of this study was to identify, characterize, and perform gene expression analysis of LEA protein families from cultivated and wild tomato species to mine candidate genes and determine their potential role in abiotic stress tolerance in tomatoes. RESULTS Total 60, 69, 65, and 60 LEA genes were identified in S. lycopersicum, Solanum pimpinellifolium, Solanum pennellii, and Solanum lycopersicoides, respectively. Characterization results showed that these genes could be divided into eight clusters, with the LEA_2 cluster having the most members. Most LEA genes had few introns and were non-randomly distributed on chromosomes; the promoter regions contained numerous cis-acting regulatory elements related to abiotic stress tolerance and phytohormone responses. Evolutionary analysis showed that LEA genes were highly conserved and that the segmental duplication event played an important role in evolution of the LEA gene family. Transcription and expression pattern analyses revealed different regulatory patterns of LEA genes between cultivated and wild tomato species under normal conditions. Certain S. lycopersicum LEA (SlLEA) genes showed similar expression patterns and played specific roles under different abiotic stress and phytohormone treatments. Gene ontology and protein interaction analyses showed that most LEA genes acted in response to abiotic stimuli and water deficit. Five SlLEA proteins were found to interact with 11 S. lycopersicum WRKY proteins involved in development or resistance to stress. Virus-induced gene silencing of SlLEA6 affected the antioxidant and reactive oxygen species defense systems, increased the degree of cellular damage, and reduced drought resistance in S. lycopersicum. CONCLUSION These findings provide comprehensive information on LEA proteins in cultivated and wild tomato species and their possible functions under different abiotic and phytohormone stresses. The study systematically broadens our current understanding of LEA proteins and candidate genes and provides a theoretical basis for future functional studies aimed at improving stress resistance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Jia
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China.
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.
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8
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Hernández-Sánchez IE, Maruri-López I, Martinez-Martinez C, Janis B, Jiménez-Bremont JF, Covarrubias AA, Menze MA, Graether SP, Thalhammer A. LEAfing through literature: late embryogenesis abundant proteins coming of age-achievements and perspectives. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6525-6546. [PMID: 35793147 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To deal with increasingly severe periods of dehydration related to global climate change, it becomes increasingly important to understand the complex strategies many organisms have developed to cope with dehydration and desiccation. While it is undisputed that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a key role in the tolerance of plants and many anhydrobiotic organisms to water limitation, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the physiological roles of LEA proteins and discuss their potential molecular functions. As these are ultimately linked to conformational changes in the presence of binding partners, post-translational modifications, or water deprivation, we provide a detailed summary of current knowledge on the structure-function relationship of LEA proteins, including their disordered state in solution, coil to helix transitions, self-assembly, and their recently discovered ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. We point out the promising potential of LEA proteins in biotechnological and agronomic applications, and summarize recent advances. We identify the most relevant open questions and discuss major challenges in establishing a solid understanding of how these intriguing molecules accomplish their tasks as cellular sentinels at the limits of surviving water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzell E Hernández-Sánchez
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israel Maruri-López
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Coral Martinez-Martinez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Brett Janis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Alejandra A Covarrubias
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Michael A Menze
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Steffen P Graether
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anja Thalhammer
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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9
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Pantelić A, Stevanović S, Komić SM, Kilibarda N, Vidović M. In Silico Characterisation of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) Protein Families and Their Role in Desiccation Tolerance in Ramonda serbica Panc. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073547. [PMID: 35408906 PMCID: PMC8998581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ramonda serbica Panc. is an ancient resurrection plant able to survive a long desiccation period and recover metabolic functions upon watering. The accumulation of protective late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEAPs) is a desiccation tolerance hallmark. To propose their role in R. serbica desiccation tolerance, we structurally characterised LEAPs and evaluated LEA gene expression levels in hydrated and desiccated leaves. By integrating de novo transcriptomics and homologues LEAP domains, 318 R. serbica LEAPs were identified and classified according to their conserved motifs and phylogeny. The in silico analysis revealed that hydrophilic LEA4 proteins exhibited an exceptionally high tendency to form amphipathic α-helices. The most abundant, atypical LEA2 group contained more hydrophobic proteins predicted to fold into the defined globular domains. Within the desiccation-upregulated LEA genes, the majority encoded highly disordered DEH1, LEA1, LEA4.2, and LEA4.3 proteins, while the greatest portion of downregulated genes encoded LEA2.3 and LEA2.5 proteins. While dehydrins might chelate metals and bind DNA under water deficit, other intrinsically disordered LEAPs might participate in forming intracellular proteinaceous condensates or adopt amphipathic α-helical conformation, enabling them to stabilise desiccation-sensitive proteins and membranes. This comprehensive LEAPs structural characterisation is essential to understanding their function and regulation during desiccation aiming at crop drought tolerance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pantelić
- Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Strahinja Stevanović
- Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonja Milić Komić
- Department of Life Science, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nataša Kilibarda
- Department of Pharmacy, Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Marija Vidović
- Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +38-16-4276-3221
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Singh CM, Kumar M, Pratap A, Tripathi A, Singh S, Mishra A, Kumar H, Nair RM, Singh NP. Genome-Wide Analysis of Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein Gene Family in Vigna Species and Expression of VrLEA Encoding Genes in Vigna glabrescens Reveal Its Role in Heat Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843107. [PMID: 35392521 PMCID: PMC8981728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are identified in many crops for their response and role in adaptation to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and temperature. The LEA genes have been studied systematically in several crops but not in Vigna crops. In this study, we reported the first comprehensive analysis of the LEA gene family in three legume species, namely, mung bean (Vigna radiata), adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and the cross-species expression of VrLEA genes in a wild tetraploid species, Vigna glabrescens. A total of 201 LEA genes from three Vigna crops were identified harboring the LEA conserved motif. Among these 55, 64, and 82 LEA genes were identified in mung bean, adzuki bean, and cowpea genomes, respectively. These LEA genes were grouped into eight different classes. Our analysis revealed that the cowpea genome comprised all eight classes of LEA genes, whereas the LEA-6 class was absent in the mung bean genome. Similarly, LEA-5 and LEA-6 were absent in the adzuki bean genome. The analysis of LEA genes provides an insight into their structural and functional diversity in the Vigna genome. The genes, such as VrLEA-2, VrLEA-40, VrLEA-47, and VrLEA-55, were significantly upregulated in the heat-tolerant genotype under stress conditions indicating the basis of heat tolerance. The successful amplification and expression of VrLEA genes in V. glabrescens indicated the utility of the developed markers in mung bean improvement. The results of this study increase our understanding of LEA genes and provide robust candidate genes for future functional investigations and a basis for improving heat stress tolerance in Vigna crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Mohan Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Aditya Pratap
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Anupam Tripathi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Smita Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Anuj Mishra
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | | | - Narendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
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Li L, Zhou X, Chen Z, Cao Y, Zhao G. The group 3 LEA protein of Artemia franciscana for cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2022; 106:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Yang Z, Mu Y, Wang Y, He F, Shi L, Fang Z, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Geng G, Zhang S. Characterization of a Novel TtLEA2 Gene From Tritipyrum and Its Transformation in Wheat to Enhance Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830848. [PMID: 35444677 PMCID: PMC9014267 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are critical in helping plants cope with salt stress. "Y1805" is a salt-tolerant Tritipyrum. We identified a "Y1805"-specific LEA gene that was expressed highly and sensitively under salt stress using transcriptome analysis. The novel group 2 LEA gene (TtLEA2-1) was cloned from "Y1805." TtLEA2-1 contained a 453 bp open reading frame encoding an 151-amino-acid protein that showed maximum sequence identity (77.00%) with Thinopyrum elongatum by phylogenetic analysis. It was mainly found to be expressed highly in the roots by qRT-PCR analysis and was located in the whole cell. Forty-eight candidate proteins believed to interact with TtLEA2-1 were confirmed by yeast two-hybrid analysis. These interacting proteins were mainly enriched in "environmental information processing," "glycan biosynthesis and metabolism," and "carbohydrate metabolism." Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that the translation-related 40S ribosomal protein SA was the central node. An efficient wheat transformation system has been established. A coleoptile length of 2 cm, an Agrobacteria cell density of 0.55-0.60 OD600, and 15 KPa vacuum pressure were ideal for common wheat transformation, with an efficiency of up to 43.15%. Overexpression of TaLEA2-1 in wheat "1718" led to greater height, stronger roots, and higher catalase activity than in wild type seedlings. TaLEA2-1 conferred enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic wheat and may be a valuable gene for genetic modification in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuanhang Mu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Subcenter of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Luxi Shi
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhongming Fang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qingqin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guangdong Geng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Guangdong Geng,
| | - Suqin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Subcenter of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, China
- Suqin Zhang,
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Matilla AJ. The Orthodox Dry Seeds Are Alive: A Clear Example of Desiccation Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010020. [PMID: 35009023 PMCID: PMC8747232 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To survive in the dry state, orthodox seeds acquire desiccation tolerance. As maturation progresses, the seeds gradually acquire longevity, which is the total timespan during which the dry seeds remain viable. The desiccation-tolerance mechanism(s) allow seeds to remain dry without losing their ability to germinate. This adaptive trait has played a key role in the evolution of land plants. Understanding the mechanisms for seed survival after desiccation is one of the central goals still unsolved. That is, the cellular protection during dry state and cell repair during rewatering involves a not entirely known molecular network(s). Although desiccation tolerance is retained in seeds of higher plants, resurrection plants belonging to different plant lineages keep the ability to survive desiccation in vegetative tissue. Abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in desiccation tolerance through tight control of the synthesis of unstructured late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, heat shock thermostable proteins (sHSPs), and non-reducing oligosaccharides. During seed maturation, the progressive loss of water induces the formation of a so-called cellular "glass state". This glassy matrix consists of soluble sugars, which immobilize macromolecules offering protection to membranes and proteins. In this way, the secondary structure of proteins in dry viable seeds is very stable and remains preserved. ABA insensitive-3 (ABI3), highly conserved from bryophytes to Angiosperms, is essential for seed maturation and is the only transcription factor (TF) required for the acquisition of desiccation tolerance and its re-induction in germinated seeds. It is noteworthy that chlorophyll breakdown during the last step of seed maturation is controlled by ABI3. This update contains some current results directly related to the physiological, genetic, and molecular mechanisms involved in survival to desiccation in orthodox seeds. In other words, the mechanisms that facilitate that an orthodox dry seed is a living entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel J Matilla
- Departamento de Biología Funcional (Área Fisiología Vegetal), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Hibshman JD, Goldstein B. LEA motifs promote desiccation tolerance in vivo. BMC Biol 2021; 19:263. [PMID: 34903234 PMCID: PMC8670023 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells and organisms typically cannot survive in the absence of water. However, some animals including nematodes, tardigrades, rotifers, and some arthropods are able to survive near-complete desiccation. One class of proteins known to play a role in desiccation tolerance is the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins. These largely disordered proteins protect plants and animals from desiccation. A multitude of studies have characterized stress-protective capabilities of LEA proteins in vitro and in heterologous systems. However, the extent to which LEA proteins exhibit such functions in vivo, in their native contexts in animals, is unclear. Furthermore, little is known about the distribution of LEA proteins in multicellular organisms or tissue-specific requirements in conferring stress protection. Here, we used the nematode C. elegans as a model to study the endogenous function of an LEA protein in an animal. RESULTS We created a null mutant of C. elegans LEA-1, as well as endogenous fluorescent reporters of the protein. LEA-1 mutant animals formed defective dauer larvae at high temperature. We confirmed that C. elegans lacking LEA-1 are sensitive to desiccation. LEA-1 mutants were also sensitive to heat and osmotic stress and were prone to protein aggregation. During desiccation, LEA-1 expression increased and became more widespread throughout the body. LEA-1 was required at high levels in body wall muscle for animals to survive desiccation and osmotic stress, but expression in body wall muscle alone was not sufficient for stress resistance, indicating a likely requirement in multiple tissues. We identified minimal motifs within C. elegans LEA-1 that were sufficient to increase desiccation survival of E. coli. To test whether such motifs are central to LEA-1's in vivo functions, we then replaced the sequence of lea-1 with these minimal motifs and found that C. elegans dauer larvae formed normally and survived osmotic stress and mild desiccation at the same levels as worms with the full-length protein. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide insights into the endogenous functions and expression dynamics of an LEA protein in a multicellular animal. The results show that LEA-1 buffers animals from a broad range of stresses. Our identification of LEA motifs that can function in both bacteria and in a multicellular organism in vivo suggests the possibility of engineering LEA-1-derived peptides for optimized desiccation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Hibshman
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA.
| | - Bob Goldstein
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3280, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Subcellular Proteomics to Understand Promotive Effect of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution on Soybean Root. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9040039. [PMID: 34698284 PMCID: PMC8544748 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived smoke solution enhances soybean root growth; however, its mechanism is not clearly understood. Subcellular proteomics techniques were used for underlying roles of plant-derived smoke solution on soybean root growth. The fractions of membrane and nucleus were purified and evaluated for purity. ATPase and histone were enriched in the fractions of membrane and nucleus, respectively. Principal component analysis of proteomic results indicated that the plant-derived smoke solution affected the proteins in the membrane and nucleus. The proteins in the membrane and nucleus mainly increased and decreased, respectively, by the treatment of plant-derived smoke solution compared with control. In the proteins in the plasma membrane, ATPase increased, which was confirmed by immunoblot analysis, and ATP contents increased through the treatment of plant-derived smoke solution. Additionally, although the nuclear proteins mainly decreased, the expression of RNA polymerase II was up-regulated through the treatment of plant-derived smoke solution. These results indicate that plant-derived smoke solution enhanced soybean root growth through the transcriptional promotion with RNA polymerase II expression and the energy production with ATPase accumulation.
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16
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Assis RDAB, Sagawa CHD, Zaini PA, Saxe HJ, Wilmarth PA, Phinney BS, Salemi M, Moreira LM, Dandekar AM. A Secreted Chorismate Mutase from Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Attenuates Virulence and Walnut Blight Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10374. [PMID: 34638715 PMCID: PMC8508651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Walnut blight is a significant above-ground disease of walnuts caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj). The secreted form of chorismate mutase (CM), a key enzyme of the shikimate pathway regulating plant immunity, is highly conserved between plant-associated beta and gamma proteobacteria including phytopathogens belonging to the Xanthomonadaceae family. To define its role in walnut blight disease, a dysfunctional mutant of chorismate mutase was created in a copper resistant strain Xaj417 (XajCM). Infections of immature walnut Juglans regia (Jr) fruit with XajCM were hypervirulent compared with infections with the wildtype Xaj417 strain. The in vitro growth rate, size and cellular morphology were similar between the wild-type and XajCM mutant strains, however the quantification of bacterial cells by dPCR within walnut hull tissues showed a 27% increase in XajCM seven days post-infection. To define the mechanism of hypervirulence, proteome analysis was conducted to compare walnut hull tissues inoculated with the wild type to those inoculated with the XajCM mutant strain. Proteome analysis revealed 3296 Jr proteins (five decreased and ten increased with FDR ≤ 0.05) and 676 Xaj417 proteins (235 increased in XajCM with FDR ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, the most abundant protein in Xaj was a polygalacturonase, while in Jr it was a polygalacturonase inhibitor. These results suggest that this secreted chorismate mutase may be an important virulence suppressor gene that regulates Xaj417 virulence response, allowing for improved bacterial survival in the plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de A. B. Assis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Cíntia H. D. Sagawa
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Houston J. Saxe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Phillip A. Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (B.S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (B.S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Leandro M. Moreira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
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17
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De Vos S, Rombauts S, Coussement L, Dermauw W, Vuylsteke M, Sorgeloos P, Clegg JS, Nambu Z, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Norouzitallab P, Van Leeuwen T, De Meyer T, Van Stappen G, Van de Peer Y, Bossier P. The genome of the extremophile Artemia provides insight into strategies to cope with extreme environments. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:635. [PMID: 34465293 PMCID: PMC8406910 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brine shrimp Artemia have an unequalled ability to endure extreme salinity and complete anoxia. This study aims to elucidate its strategies to cope with these stressors. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Here, we present the genome of an inbred A. franciscana Kellogg, 1906. We identified 21,828 genes of which, under high salinity, 674 genes and under anoxia, 900 genes were differentially expressed (42%, respectively 30% were annotated). Under high salinity, relevant stress genes and pathways included several Heat Shock Protein and Leaf Embryogenesis Abundant genes, as well as the trehalose metabolism. In addition, based on differential gene expression analysis, it can be hypothesized that a high oxidative stress response and endocytosis/exocytosis are potential salt management strategies, in addition to the expression of major facilitator superfamily genes responsible for transmembrane ion transport. Under anoxia, genes involved in mitochondrial function, mTOR signalling and autophagy were differentially expressed. Both high salt and anoxia enhanced degradation of erroneous proteins and protein chaperoning. Compared with other branchiopod genomes, Artemia had 0.03% contracted and 6% expanded orthogroups, in which 14% of the genes were differentially expressed under high salinity or anoxia. One phospholipase D gene family, shown to be important in plant stress response, was uniquely present in both extremophiles Artemia and the tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini, yet not differentially expressed under the described experimental conditions. CONCLUSIONS A relatively complete genome of Artemia was assembled, annotated and analysed, facilitating research on its extremophile features, and providing a reference sequence for crustacean research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie De Vos
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephane Rombauts
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louis Coussement
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Patrick Sorgeloos
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - James S Clegg
- Coastal and Marine Sciences Institute, University of California, Bodega Bay, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ziro Nambu
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gilbert Van Stappen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Hoffmann J, Berni R, Sutera FM, Gutsch A, Hausman JF, Saffie-Siebert S, Guerriero G. The Effects of Salinity on the Anatomy and Gene Expression Patterns in Leaflets of Tomato cv. Micro-Tom. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081165. [PMID: 34440339 PMCID: PMC8392013 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a form of abiotic stress that impacts growth and development in several economically relevant crops and is a top-ranking threat to agriculture, considering the average rise in the sea level caused by global warming. Tomato is moderately sensitive to salinity and shows adaptive mechanisms to this abiotic stressor. A case study on the dwarf tomato model Micro-Tom is here presented in which the response to salt stress (NaCl 200 mM) was investigated to shed light on the changes occurring at the expression level in genes involved in cell wall-related processes, phenylpropanoid pathway, stress response, volatiles' emission and secondary metabolites' production. In particular, the response was analyzed by sampling older/younger leaflets positioned at different stem heights (top and bottom of the stem) and locations along the rachis (terminal and lateral) with the goal of identifying the most responsive one(s). Tomato plants cv. Micro-Tom responded to increasing concentrations of NaCl (0-100-200-400 mM) by reducing the leaf biomass, stem diameter and height. Microscopy revealed stronger effects on leaves sampled at the bottom and the expression analysis identified clusters of genes expressed preferentially in older or younger leaflets. Stress-related genes displayed a stronger induction in lateral leaflets sampled at the bottom. In conclusion, in tomato cv. Micro-Tom subjected to salt stress, the bottom leaflets showed stronger stress signs and response, while top leaflets were less impacted by the abiotic stressor and had an increased expression of cell wall-related genes involved in expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Hoffmann
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Roberto Berni
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Flavia Maria Sutera
- SiSaf Ltd., Surrey Research Park, Guildford GU2 7RE, UK; (F.M.S.); (S.S.-S.)
| | - Annelie Gutsch
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
| | | | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg; (J.H.); (A.G.); (J.-F.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +352-27-5888-5096
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LeBlanc BM, Hand SC. Target enzymes are stabilized by AfrLEA6 and a gain of α-helix coincides with protection by a group 3 LEA protein during incremental drying. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2021; 1869:140642. [PMID: 33647452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Anhydrobiotic organisms accumulate late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, a family of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) reported to improve cellular tolerance to water stress. Here we show that AfrLEA6, a Group 6 LEA protein only recently discovered in animals, protects lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase (CS) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) against damage during desiccation. In some cases, protection is enhanced by trehalose, a naturally-occurring protective solute. An open question is whether gain of secondary structure by LEA proteins during drying is a prerequisite for this stabilizing function. We used incremental drying (equilibration to a series of relative humidities, RH) to test the ability of AfrLEA2, a Group 3 LEA protein, to protect desiccation-sensitive PFK. AfrLEA2 was chosen due to its exceptional ability to protect PFK. In parallel, circular dichroism (CD) spectra were obtained for AfrLEA2 across the identical range of relative water contents. Protection of PFK by AfrLEA2, above that observed with trehalose and BSA, coincides with simultaneous gain of α-helix in AfrLEA2. At 100% RH, the CD spectrum for AfrLEA2 is typical of random coil, while at decreasing RH, the spectrum shows higher ellipticity at 191 nm and minima at 208 and 220 nm, diagnostic of α-helix. This study provides experimental evidence linking the gain of α-helix with stabilization of a target protein across a graded series of hydration states. Mechanistically, it is intriguing that certain other functions of these IDPs, like preventing aggregation of target proteins, can occur in fully hydrated cells and apparently do not require gain of α-helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blase M LeBlanc
- Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Steven C Hand
- Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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20
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Anderson JM, Hand SC. Transgenic expression of late embryogenesis abundant proteins improves tolerance to water stress in Drosophila melanogaster. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:jeb.238204. [PMID: 33431592 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.238204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Four lines of Drosophila melanogaster were created that expressed transgenes encoding selected late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins originally identified in embryos of the anhydrobiote Artemia franciscana The overall aim was to extend our understanding of the protective properties of LEA proteins documented with isolated cells to a desiccation-sensitive organism during exposure to drying and hyperosmotic stress. Embryos of D. melanogaster were dried at 57% relative humidity to promote a loss of 80% tissue water and then rehydrated. Embryos that expressed AfrLEA2 or AfrLEA3m eclosed 2 days earlier than wild-type embryos or embryos expressing green fluorescent protein (Gal4GFP control). For the third instar larval stage, all Afrlea lines and Gal4GFP controls experienced substantial drops in survivorship as desiccation proceeded. When results for all Afrlea lines were combined, Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated a significant improvement in survivorship in fly lines expressing AfrLEA proteins compared with Gal4GFP controls. The percent water lost at the LT50 (lethal time for 50% mortality) for the AfrLEA lines was 78% versus 52% for Gal4GFP controls. Finally, offspring of fly lines that expressed AfrLEA2, AfrLEA3m or AfrLEA6 exhibited significantly greater success in reaching pupation, compared with wild-type flies, when adults were challenged with hyperosmotic stress (NaCl-fortified medium) and progeny forced to develop under these conditions. In conclusion, the gain of function studies reported here show that LEA proteins can improve tolerance to water stress in a desiccation-sensitive species that normally lacks these proteins, and, simultaneously, underscore the complexity of desiccation tolerance across multiple life stages in multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Anderson
- Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Steven C Hand
- Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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21
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Hesgrove C, Boothby TC. The biology of tardigrade disordered proteins in extreme stress tolerance. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:178. [PMID: 33148259 PMCID: PMC7640644 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Disordered proteins have long been known to help mediate tolerance to different abiotic stresses including freezing, osmotic stress, high temperatures, and desiccation in a diverse set of organisms. Recently, three novel families of intrinsically disordered proteins were identified in tardigrades, microscopic animals capable of surviving a battery of environmental extremes. These three families include the Cytoplasmic-, Secreted-, and Mitochondrial- Abundant Heat Soluble (CAHS, SAHS, and MAHS) proteins, which are collectively termed Tardigrade Disordered Proteins (TDPs). At the level of sequence conservation TDPs are unique to tardigrades, and beyond their high degree of disorder the CAHS, SAHS, and MAHS families do not resemble one another. All three families are either highly expressed constitutively, or significantly enriched in response to desiccation. In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro experiments indicate functional roles for members of each TDP family in mitigating cellular perturbations induced by various abiotic stresses. What is currently lacking is a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the fundamental mechanisms by which TDPs function, and the properties of TDPs that allow them to function via those mechanisms. A quantitative and systematic approach is needed to identify precisely what cellular damage TDPs work to prevent, what sequence features are important for these functions, and how those sequence features contribute to the underlying mechanisms of protection. Such an approach will inform us not only about these fascinating proteins, but will also provide insights into how the sequence of a disordered protein can dictate its functional, structural, and dynamic properties. Video Abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherie Hesgrove
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Thomas C Boothby
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
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22
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Murvai N, Kalmar L, Szalaine Agoston B, Szabo B, Tantos A, Csikos G, Micsonai A, Kardos J, Vertommen D, Nguyen PN, Hristozova N, Lang A, Kovacs D, Buday L, Han KH, Perczel A, Tompa P. Interplay of Structural Disorder and Short Binding Elements in the Cellular Chaperone Function of Plant Dehydrin ERD14. Cells 2020; 9:E1856. [PMID: 32784707 PMCID: PMC7465474 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Details of the functional mechanisms of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in living cells is an area not frequently investigated. Here, we dissect the molecular mechanism of action of an IDP in cells by detailed structural analyses based on an in-cell nuclear magnetic resonance experiment. We show that the ID stress protein (IDSP) A. thaliana Early Response to Dehydration (ERD14) is capable of protecting E. coli cells under heat stress. The overexpression of ERD14 increases the viability of E. coli cells from 38.9% to 73.9% following heat stress (50 °C × 15 min). We also provide evidence that the protection is mainly achieved by protecting the proteome of the cells. In-cell NMR experiments performed in E. coli cells show that the protective activity is associated with a largely disordered structural state with conserved, short sequence motifs (K- and H-segments), which transiently sample helical conformations in vitro and engage in partner binding in vivo. Other regions of the protein, such as its S segment and its regions linking and flanking the binding motifs, remain unbound and disordered in the cell. Our data suggest that the cellular function of ERD14 is compatible with its residual structural disorder in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Murvai
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Lajos Kalmar
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Bianka Szalaine Agoston
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group and Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Beata Szabo
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Agnes Tantos
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Gyorgy Csikos
- Department of General Zoology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - András Micsonai
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - József Kardos
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Faculty of Medicine and de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Phuong N. Nguyen
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (P.N.N.); (N.H.); (D.K.)
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology (CSB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nevena Hristozova
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (P.N.N.); (N.H.); (D.K.)
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology (CSB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andras Lang
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group and Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Denes Kovacs
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (P.N.N.); (N.H.); (D.K.)
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology (CSB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laszlo Buday
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Kyou-Hoon Han
- Gene Editing Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Andras Perczel
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group and Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Peter Tompa
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (N.M.); (L.K.); (B.S.A.); (B.S.); (A.T.); (L.B.)
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (P.N.N.); (N.H.); (D.K.)
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology (CSB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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23
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Sewelam N, Brilhaus D, Bräutigam A, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Maurino VG. Molecular plant responses to combined abiotic stresses put a spotlight on unknown and abundant genes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5098-5112. [PMID: 32442250 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity limit plant development and agricultural productivity. While individual stresses have been studied extensively, much less is known about the molecular interaction of responses to multiple stresses. To address this problem, we investigated molecular responses of Arabidopsis to single, double, and triple combinations of salt, osmotic, and heat stresses. A metabolite profiling analysis indicated the production of specific compatible solutes depending on the nature of the stress applied. We found that in combination with other stresses, heat has a dominant effect on global gene expression and metabolite level patterns. Treatments that include heat stress lead to strongly reduced transcription of genes coding for abundant photosynthetic proteins and proteins regulating the cell life cycle, while genes involved in protein degradation are up-regulated. Under combined stress conditions, the plants shifted their metabolism to a survival state characterized by low productivity. Our work provides molecular evidence for the dangers for plant productivity and future world food security posed by heat waves resulting from global warming. We highlight candidate genes, many of which are functionally uncharacterized, for engineering plant abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Sewelam
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dominik Brilhaus
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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24
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Chen L, Sun Y, Liu Y, Zou Y, Huang J, Zheng Y, Liu G. The N-Terminal Region of Soybean PM1 Protein Protects Liposomes during Freeze-Thaw. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5552. [PMID: 32756462 PMCID: PMC7432130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) group 1 (LEA_1) proteins are intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) that play important roles in protecting plants from abiotic stress. Their protective function, at a molecular level, has not yet been fully elucidated, but several studies suggest their involvement in membrane stabilization under stress conditions. In this paper, the soybean LEA_1 protein PM1 and its truncated forms (PM1-N: N-terminal half; PM1-C: C-terminal half) were tested for the ability to protect liposomes against damage induced by freeze-thaw stress. Turbidity measurement and light microscopy showed that full-length PM1 and PM1-N, but not PM1-C, can prevent freeze-thaw-induced aggregation of POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) liposomes and native thylakoid membranes, isolated from spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea). Particle size distribution analysis by dynamic light scattering (DLS) further confirmed that PM1 and PM1-N can prevent liposome aggregation during freeze-thaw. Furthermore, PM1 or PM1-N could significantly inhibit membrane fusion of liposomes, but not reduce the leakage of their contents following freezing stress. The results of proteolytic digestion and circular dichroism experiments suggest that PM1 and PM1-N proteins bind mainly on the surface of the POPC liposome. We propose that, through its N-terminal region, PM1 functions as a membrane-stabilizing protein during abiotic stress, and might inhibit membrane fusion and aggregation of vesicles or other endomembrane structures within the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yajun Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongdong Zou
- The Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University (Lihu Campus), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Jianzi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yizhi Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Guobao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (L.C.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (Y.Z.)
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25
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Khodajou-Masouleh H, Shahangian SS, Attar F, H Sajedi R, Rasti B. Characteristics, dynamics and mechanisms of actions of some major stress-induced biomacromolecules; addressing Artemia as an excellent biological model. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5619-5637. [PMID: 32734830 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Stress tolerance is one of the most prominent and interesting topics in biology since many macro- and micro-adaptations have evolved in resistant organisms that are worth studying. When it comes to confronting various environmental stressors, the extremophile Artemia is unrivaled in the animal kingdom. In the present review, the evolved molecular and cellular basis of stress tolerance in resistant biological systems are described, focusing on Artemia cyst as an excellent biological model. The main purpose of the review is to discuss how the structure and physicochemical characteristics of protective factors such as late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEAPs), small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) and trehalose are related to their functions and by which mechanisms, they exert their functions. In addition, some metabolic depressors in Artemia encysted embryos are also mentioned, indirectly playing important roles in stress tolerance. Importantly, a great deal of attention is given to the LEAPs, exhibiting distinctive folding behaviors and mechanisms of actions. For instance, molecular shield function, chaperone-like activity, moonlighting property, sponging and snorkeling capabilities of the LEAPs are delineated here. Moreover, the molecular interplay between some of these factors is mentioned, leading to their synergistic effects. Interestingly, Artemia life cycle adapts to environmental conditions. Diapause is the defense mode of this life cycle, safeguarding Artemia encysted embryos against various environmental stressors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Shirin Shahangian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Food Industry & Agriculture, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza H Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Rasti
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Lahijan, Guilan, Iran
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26
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Wang J, Zhang J, Zhu K, Zhou P, Zhang Z. Effects of Recombinant AavLEA1 Protein on Human Umbilical Cord Matrix Mesenchymal Stem Cells Survival During Cryopreservation. Biopreserv Biobank 2020; 18:290-296. [PMID: 32423228 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2020.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, many studies have found that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins could protect cells from drought, high salinity, and other stress conditions. Because LEA proteins maintain the integrity and stability of cell membranes, LEA proteins increase the cell's tolerance to dehydration stress, and reduce the osmotic and freezing damage during freezing. Whether LEA proteins could reduce cryopreservation damage and improve cell viability remains to be confirmed. In this study, we purified the recombinant AavLEA1 proteins, examined their thermal solubility and the effect of AavLEA1 proteins on the osmotic stress of cells, and studied the effects of the AavLEA1 protein on cryopreservation of human umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells (hUCM-MSCs). We utilized three concentrations of AavLEA1 protein (0.1, 0.5, and 2 mg/mL) to cryopreserve hUCM-MSCs and analyzed cell viability and apoptosis of MSCs after slow-cooling cryopreservation. We also examined the cryopreservation effect of AavLEA1 protein on hUCM-MSCs survival with 0%, 2%, 5%, and 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). We found that the survival rate of hUCM-MSCs supplemented with AavLEA1 protein was significantly higher than that of MSCs cryopreserved with low concentration of DMSO solution, and the apoptosis and necrosis rates were correspondingly reduced. In conclusion, recombinant AavLEA1 protein can improve the efficiency of MSC cryopreservation, increase the hUCM-MSCs viability, and partly replace DMSO during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, China
| | - Kongfu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, China
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27
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Oliver MJ, Farrant JM, Hilhorst HWM, Mundree S, Williams B, Bewley JD. Desiccation Tolerance: Avoiding Cellular Damage During Drying and Rehydration. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 71:435-460. [PMID: 32040342 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-071219-105542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Desiccation of plants is often lethal but is tolerated by the majority of seeds and by vegetative tissues of only a small number of land plants. Desiccation tolerance is an ancient trait, lost from vegetative tissues following the appearance of tracheids but reappearing in several lineages when selection pressures favored its evolution. Cells of all desiccation-tolerant plants and seeds must possess a core set of mechanisms to protect them from desiccation- and rehydration-induced damage. This review explores how desiccation generates cell damage and how tolerant cells assuage the complex array of mechanical, structural, metabolic, and chemical stresses and survive.Likewise, the stress of rehydration requires appropriate mitigating cellular responses. We also explore what comparative genomics, both structural and responsive, have added to our understanding of cellular protection mechanisms induced by desiccation, and how vegetative desiccation tolerance circumvents destructive, stress-induced cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin J Oliver
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
- Current affiliation: Division of Plant Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA;
| | - Jill M Farrant
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
| | - Henk W M Hilhorst
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6706 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Sagadevan Mundree
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, 4001 Queensland, Australia; ,
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, 4001 Queensland, Australia; ,
| | - J Derek Bewley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada;
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28
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Knox-Brown P, Rindfleisch T, Günther A, Balow K, Bremer A, Walther D, Miettinen MS, Hincha DK, Thalhammer A. Similar Yet Different-Structural and Functional Diversity among Arabidopsis thaliana LEA_4 Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2794. [PMID: 32316452 PMCID: PMC7215670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of intrinsically disordered late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins in the tolerance to abiotic stresses involving cellular dehydration is undisputed. While structural transitions of LEA proteins in response to changes in water availability are commonly observed and several molecular functions have been suggested, a systematic, comprehensive and comparative study of possible underlying sequence-structure-function relationships is still lacking. We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations as well as spectroscopic and light scattering experiments to characterize six members of two distinct, lowly homologous clades of LEA_4 family proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. We compared structural and functional characteristics to elucidate to what degree structure and function are encoded in LEA protein sequences and complemented these findings with physicochemical properties identified in a systematic bioinformatics study of the entire Arabidopsis thaliana LEA_4 family. Our results demonstrate that although the six experimentally characterized LEA_4 proteins have similar structural and functional characteristics, differences concerning their folding propensity and membrane stabilization capacity during a freeze/thaw cycle are obvious. These differences cannot be easily attributed to sequence conservation, simple physicochemical characteristics or the abundance of sequence motifs. Moreover, the folding propensity does not appear to be correlated with membrane stabilization capacity. Therefore, the refinement of LEA_4 structural and functional properties is likely encoded in specific patterns of their physicochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Knox-Brown
- Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (P.K.-B.); (T.R.)
| | - Tobias Rindfleisch
- Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (P.K.-B.); (T.R.)
| | - Anne Günther
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.G.); (K.B.); (A.B.); (D.W.); (D.K.H.)
| | - Kim Balow
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.G.); (K.B.); (A.B.); (D.W.); (D.K.H.)
| | - Anne Bremer
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.G.); (K.B.); (A.B.); (D.W.); (D.K.H.)
- Department for Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Dirk Walther
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.G.); (K.B.); (A.B.); (D.W.); (D.K.H.)
| | - Markus S. Miettinen
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Dirk K. Hincha
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (A.G.); (K.B.); (A.B.); (D.W.); (D.K.H.)
| | - Anja Thalhammer
- Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; (P.K.-B.); (T.R.)
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Furuki T, Takahashi Y, Hatanaka R, Kikawada T, Furuta T, Sakurai M. Group 3 LEA Protein Model Peptides Suppress Heat-Induced Lysozyme Aggregation. Elucidation of the Underlying Mechanism Using Coarse-Grained Molecular Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2747-2759. [PMID: 32192343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated experimentally whether a short peptide, PvLEA-22, which consists of two tandem repeats of an 11-mer motif of Group 3 late embryogenesis abundant proteins, has a chaperone-like function for denatured proteins. Lysozyme was selected as a target protein. Turbidity measurements indicated that the peptide suppresses the heat-induced aggregation of lysozyme when added at a molar ratio of PvLEA-22/lysozyme >40. Circular dichroism and differential scanning calorimetry measurements confirmed that the lysozyme was denatured on heating but spontaneously refolded on subsequent cooling in the presence of the peptide. As a result, up to 80% of the native catalytic activity of lysozyme was preserved. Similar chaperone-like activity was also observed for a peptide with the same amino acid composition as PvLEA-22 but whose sequence is scrambled. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the chaperone function of these peptides, we performed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. This revealed that a denatured lysozyme molecule is shielded by several peptide molecules in aqueous solution, which acts as a physical barrier, reducing the opportunities for collision between denatured proteins. An important finding was that a peptide bound to the denatured protein is very rapidly replaced by another; due to such rapid exchange, peptide-protein contact time is very short, that is, on the order of ∼200 ns. Therefore, the peptide does not constrain the behavior of the denatured protein, which can refold freely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Furuki
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-62, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-62, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Rie Hatanaka
- Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Division of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Institute of Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba 305-8634 Japan
| | - Takahiro Kikawada
- Molecular Biomimetics Research Unit, Division of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Institute of Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba 305-8634 Japan
| | - Tadaomi Furuta
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-62, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Sakurai
- Center for Biological Resources and Informatics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-62, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
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Czernik M, Fidanza A, Luongo FP, Valbonetti L, Scapolo PA, Patrizio P, Loi P. Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins confer water stress tolerance to mammalian somatic cells. Cryobiology 2020; 92:189-196. [PMID: 31952948 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins are commonly found in plants and other organisms capable of undergoing severe and reversible dehydration, a phenomenon termed "anhydrobiosis". Here, we have produced a tagged version for three different LEA proteins: pTag-RAB17-GFP-N, Zea mays dehydrin-1dhn, expressed in the nucleo-cytoplasm; pTag-WCOR410-RFP, Tricum aestivum cold acclimation protein WCOR410, binds to cellular membranes, and pTag-LEA-BFP, Artemia franciscana LEA protein group 3 that targets the mitochondria. Sheep fibroblasts transfected with single or all three LEA proteins were subjected to air drying under controlled conditions. After rehydration, cell viability and functionality of the membrane/mitochondria were assessed. After 4 h of air drying, cells from the un-transfected control group were almost completely nonviable (1% cell alive), while cells expressing LEA proteins showed high viability (more than 30%), with the highest viability (58%) observed in fibroblasts expressing all three LEA proteins. Growth rate was markedly compromised in control cells, while LEA-expressing cells proliferated at a rate comparable to non-air-dried cells. Plasmalemma, cytoskeleton and mitochondria appeared unaffected in LEA-expressing cells, confirming the protection conferred by LEA proteins on these organelles during dehydration stress. This is likely to be an effective strategy when aiming to confer desiccation tolerance to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Czernik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - A Fidanza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F P Luongo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Center for Neurovirology, Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - L Valbonetti
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - P A Scapolo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - P Patrizio
- Yale Fertility Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - P Loi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
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Avelange-Macherel MH, Rolland A, Hinault MP, Tolleter D, Macherel D. The Mitochondrial Small Heat Shock Protein HSP22 from Pea is a Thermosoluble Chaperone Prone to Co-Precipitate with Unfolding Client Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E97. [PMID: 31877784 PMCID: PMC6981728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones that share an alpha-crystallin domain but display a high diversity of sequence, expression, and localization. They are especially prominent in plants, populating most cellular compartments. In pea, mitochondrial HSP22 is induced by heat or oxidative stress in leaves but also strongly accumulates during seed development. The molecular function of HSP22 was addressed by studying the effect of temperature on its structural properties and chaperone effects using a recombinant or native protein. Overexpression of HSP22 significantly increased bacterial thermotolerance. The secondary structure of the recombinant protein was not affected by temperature in contrast with its quaternary structure. The purified protein formed large polydisperse oligomers that dissociated upon heating (42 °C) into smaller species (mainly monomers). The recombinant protein appeared thermosoluble but precipitated with thermosensitive proteins upon heat stress in assays either with single protein clients or within complex extracts. As shown by in vitro protection assays, HSP22 at high molar ratio could partly prevent the heat aggregation of rhodanese but not of malate dehydrogenase. HSP22 appears as a holdase that could possibly prevent the aggregation of some proteins while co-precipitating with others to facilitate their subsequent refolding by disaggregases or clearance by proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Macherel
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 Quasav, 42 rue George Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé, France; (M.-H.A.-M.)
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Shou K, Bremer A, Rindfleisch T, Knox-Brown P, Hirai M, Rekas A, Garvey CJ, Hincha DK, Stadler AM, Thalhammer A. Conformational selection of the intrinsically disordered plant stress protein COR15A in response to solution osmolarity - an X-ray and light scattering study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18727-18740. [PMID: 31424463 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01768b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The plant stress protein COR15A stabilizes chloroplast membranes during freezing. COR15A is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) in aqueous solution, but acquires an α-helical structure during dehydration or the increase of solution osmolarity. We have used small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) combined with static and dynamic light scattering (SLS/DLS) to investigate the structural and hydrodynamic properties of COR15A in response to increasing solution osmolarity. Coarse-grained ensemble modelling allowed a structure-based interpretation of the SAXS data. Our results demonstrate that COR15A behaves as a biomacromolecule with polymer-like properties which strongly depend on solution osmolarity. Biomacromolecular self-assembly occurring at high solvent osmolarity is initiated by the occurrence of two specific structural subpopulations of the COR15A monomer. The osmolarity dependent structural selection mechanism is an elegant way for conformational regulation and assembly of COR15A. It highlights the importance of the polymer-like properties of IDPs for their associated biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyun Shou
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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Jin X, Cao D, Wang Z, Ma L, Tian K, Liu Y, Gong Z, Zhu X, Jiang C, Li Y. Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of the LEA protein gene family in tea plant reveal their involvement in seed development and abiotic stress responses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14123. [PMID: 31575979 PMCID: PMC6773783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are widely known to be present in higher plants and are believed to play important functional roles in embryonic development and abiotic stress responses. However, there is a current lack of systematic analyses on the LEA protein gene family in tea plant. In this study, a total of 48 LEA genes were identified using Hidden Markov Model profiles in C. sinensis, and were classified into seven distinct groups based on their conserved domains and phylogenetic relationships. Genes in the CsLEA_2 group were found to be the most abundant. Gene expression analyses revealed that all the identified CsLEA genes were expressed in at least one tissue, and most had higher expression levels in the root or seed relative to other tested tissues. Nearly all the CsLEA genes were found to be involved in seed development, and thirty-nine might play an important role in tea seed maturation concurrent with dehydration. However, only sixteen CsLEA genes were involved in seed desiccation, and furthermore, most were suppressed. Additionally, forty-six CsLEA genes could be induced by at least one of the tested stress treatments, and they were especially sensitive to high temperature stress. Furthermore, it was found that eleven CsLEA genes were involved in tea plant in response to all tested abiotic stresses. Overall, this study provides new insights into the formation of CsLEA gene family members and improves our understanding on the potential roles of these genes in normal development processes and abiotic stress responses in tea plant, particularly during seed development and desiccation. These results are beneficial for future functional studies of CsLEA genes that will help preserve the recalcitrant tea seeds for a long time and genetically improve tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Jin
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China.,State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Zhongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Linlong Ma
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Kunhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Ziming Gong
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Changjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yeyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Genome-wide identification of and functional insights into the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Sci Rep 2019; 9:13375. [PMID: 31527624 PMCID: PMC6746774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are involved in the responses and adaptation of plants to various abiotic stresses, including dehydration, salinity, high temperature, and cold. Here, we report the first comprehensive survey of the LEA gene family in “Chinese Spring” wheat (Triticum aestivum). A total of 179 TaLEA genes were identified in T. aestivum and classified into eight groups. All TaLEA genes harbored the LEA conserved motif and had few introns. TaLEA genes belonging to the same group exhibited similar gene structures and chromosomal locations. Our results revealed that most TaLEA genes contained abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive elements (ABREs) and various cis-acting elements associated with the stress response in the promoter region and were induced under ABA and abiotic stress treatments. In addition, 8 genes representing each group were introduced into E. coli and yeast to investigate the protective function of TaLEAs under heat and salt stress. TaLEAs enhanced the tolerance of E. coli and yeast to salt and heat, indicating that these proteins have protective functions in host cells under stress conditions. These results increase our understanding of LEA genes and provide robust candidate genes for future functional investigations aimed at improving the stress tolerance of wheat.
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LeBlanc BM, Le MT, Janis B, Menze MA, Hand SC. Structural properties and cellular expression of AfrLEA6, a group 6 late embryogenesis abundant protein from embryos of Artemia franciscana. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:979-990. [PMID: 31363993 PMCID: PMC6717223 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) commonly found in anhydrobiotic organisms and are frequently correlated with desiccation tolerance. Herein we report new findings on AfrLEA6, a novel group 6 LEA protein from embryos of Artemia franciscana. Assessment of secondary structure in aqueous and dried states with circular dichroism (CD) reveals 89% random coil in the aqueous state, thus supporting classification of AfrLEA6 as an IDP. Removal of water from the protein by drying or exposure to trifluoroethanol (a chemical de-solvating agent) promotes a large gain in secondary structure of AfrLEA6, predominated by α-helix and exhibiting minimal β-sheet structure. We evaluated the impact of physiological concentrations (up to 400 mM) of the disaccharide trehalose on the folding of LEA proteins in solution. CD spectra for AfrLEA2, AfrLEA3m, and AfrLEA6 are unaffected by this organic solute noted for its ability to drive protein folding. AfrLEA6 exhibits its highest concentration in vivo during embryonic diapause, drops acutely at diapause termination, and then declines during development to undetectable values at the larval stage. Maximum cellular titer of AfrLEA6 was 10-fold lower than for AfrLEA2 or AfrLEA3, both group 3 LEA proteins. Acute termination of diapause with H2O2 (a far more effective terminator than desiccation in this Great Salt Lake, UT, population) fostered a rapid 38% decrease in AfrLEA6 content of embryos. While the ultimate mechanism of diapause termination is unknown, disruption of key macromolecules could initiate physiological signaling events necessary for resumption of development and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blase M. LeBlanc
- Division of Cellular, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Mike T. Le
- Division of Cellular, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - Brett Janis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Michael A. Menze
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Steven C. Hand
- Division of Cellular, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
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Wang X, Zenda T, Liu S, Liu G, Jin H, Dai L, Dong A, Yang Y, Duan H. Comparative Proteomics and Physiological Analyses Reveal Important Maize Filling-Kernel Drought-Responsive Genes and Metabolic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153743. [PMID: 31370198 PMCID: PMC6696053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent scientific headway in deciphering maize (Zea mays L.) drought stress responses, the overall picture of key proteins and genes, pathways, and protein-protein interactions regulating maize filling-kernel drought tolerance is still fragmented. Yet, maize filling-kernel drought stress remains devastating and its study is critical for tolerance breeding. Here, through a comprehensive comparative proteomics analysis of filling-kernel proteomes of two contrasting (drought-tolerant YE8112 and drought-sensitive MO17) inbred lines, we report diverse but key molecular actors mediating drought tolerance in maize. Using isobaric tags for relative quantification approach, a total of 5175 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified from four experimental comparisons. By way of Venn diagram analysis, four critical sets of drought-responsive proteins were mined out and further analyzed by bioinformatics techniques. The YE8112-exclusive DAPs chiefly participated in pathways related to "protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum" and "tryptophan metabolism", whereas MO17-exclusive DAPs were involved in "starch and sucrose metabolism" and "oxidative phosphorylation" pathways. Most notably, we report that YE8112 kernels were comparatively drought tolerant to MO17 kernels attributable to their redox post translational modifications and epigenetic regulation mechanisms, elevated expression of heat shock proteins, enriched energy metabolism and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, and up-regulated expression of seed storage proteins. Further, comparative physiological analysis and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction results substantiated the proteomics findings. Our study presents an elaborate understanding of drought-responsive proteins and metabolic pathways mediating maize filling-kernel drought tolerance, and provides important candidate genes for subsequent functional validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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In-Cold Exposure to Z-3-Hexenal Provides Protection Against Ongoing Cold Stress in Zea mays. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8060165. [PMID: 31212596 PMCID: PMC6630476 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which have mostly been described as providers of protection against insect herbivory and necrotrophic pathogen infections, were recently shown to provide significant fortification against cold stress damage. It was further demonstrated that cold-damaged maize seedlings released a significant amount of GLVs, in particular, Z-3-hexenal (Z-3-HAL). Here, we report that the in-cold treatment of maize seedlings with Z-3-HAL significantly improved cold stress resistance. The transcripts for cold-protective genes were also significantly increased in the Z-3-HAL treated maize seedlings over those found in only cold stressed plants. Consequently, the maize seedlings treated with HAL during cold showed a significantly increased structural integrity, significantly less damage, and increased growth after cold stress, relative to the non-HAL treated maize seedlings. Together, these results demonstrate the protective effect of in-cold treatment with HAL against cold damage, and suggest that the perception of these compounds during cold episodes significantly improves resistance against this abiotic stress.
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Preferential adsorption to air-water interfaces: a novel cryoprotective mechanism for LEA proteins. Biochem J 2019; 476:1121-1135. [PMID: 30898848 PMCID: PMC6458962 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins comprise a diverse family whose members play a key role in abiotic stress tolerance. As intrinsically disordered proteins, LEA proteins are highly hydrophilic and inherently stress tolerant. They have been shown to stabilise multiple client proteins under a variety of stresses, but current hypotheses do not fully explain how such broad range stabilisation is achieved. Here, using neutron reflection and surface tension experiments, we examine in detail the mechanism by which model LEA proteins, AavLEA1 and ERD10, protect the enzyme citrate synthase (CS) from aggregation during freeze–thaw. We find that a major contributing factor to CS aggregation is the formation of air bubbles during the freeze–thaw process. This greatly increases the air–water interfacial area, which is known to be detrimental to folded protein stability. Both model LEA proteins preferentially adsorb to this interface and compete with CS, thereby reducing surface-induced aggregation. This novel surface activity provides a general mechanism by which diverse members of the LEA protein family might function to provide aggregation protection that is not specific to the client protein.
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Koubaa S, Bremer A, Hincha DK, Brini F. Structural properties and enzyme stabilization function of the intrinsically disordered LEA_4 protein TdLEA3 from wheat. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3720. [PMID: 30842512 PMCID: PMC6403280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins are mostly predicted to be intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) that are induced under conditions of cellular dehydration. Their functions, however, are largely unexplored and also their structure and interactions with potential target molecules have only recently been investigated in a small number of proteins. Here, we have characterized the wheat LEA protein TdLEA3, which has sequence homology with the group of LEA_4 proteins that are characterized by the 11-mer repeat motif TAQAAKEKAXE. TdLEA3 has five repeats of this imperfectly conserved 11-mer amino acid motif. To investigate the structure of the protein, we used circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The data show that TdLEA3 was largely disordered under fully hydrated conditions and acquired α-helical structure upon drying and in the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE). Moreover, the addition of increasing glycerol concentrations to the protein solution induced a progressive gain in α-helix content. Activity assays indicated that TdLEA3 was able to prevent the inactivation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) under heat, dehydration-rehydration and freeze-thaw treatments. In addition, TdLEA3 reduced aggregate formation in the enzyme during these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Koubaa
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS)/University of Sfax, B.P ''1177", 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Anne Bremer
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany.,St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dirk K Hincha
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS)/University of Sfax, B.P ''1177", 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
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Chen Y, Li C, Zhang B, Yi J, Yang Y, Kong C, Lei C, Gong M. The Role of the Late Embryogenesis-Abundant (LEA) Protein Family in Development and the Abiotic Stress Response: A Comprehensive Expression Analysis of Potato ( Solanum Tuberosum). Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020148. [PMID: 30781418 PMCID: PMC6410179 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins are a large and highly diverse family believed to function in normal plant growth and development, and in protecting cells from abiotic stress. This study presents a characterisation of 74 Solanum tuberosum LEA (StLEA) proteins belonging to nine groups. StLEA genes have few introns (≤2) and are distributed on all chromosomes, occurring as gene clusters on chromosomes 1, 2, and 10. All four StASR (StLEA7 group) genes were concentrated on chromosome 4, suggesting their evolutionary conservation on one chromosome. Expression profiles of StLEA genes, in different tissues and in response to hormone and stress treatments, indicated that 71 StLEA genes had differential expression levels, of which 68 StLEA genes were differentially expressed in response to hormones and stress exposure in the potato. Continuous high expression of StASR-2, StLEA3-3, StDHN-3, StLEA2-29, and StLEA2-14 in different tissues indicated their contribution to plant development processes. StLEA2-14, StLEA2-31, StLEA3-3, StASR-1, and StDHN-1 were upregulated by six abiotic stresses, showing their tolerance to a wide spectrum of environmental stresses. Expression analysis of 17 selected StLEA genes in response to drought, salt, heavy metal, heat, and cold treatments by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that StLEA proteins may be involved in distinct signalling pathways. Taken together, StLEA3, StDHN, and StASR subgroup genes may be excellent resources for potato defence against environmental stresses. These results provide valuable information and robust candidate genes for future functional analysis aimed at improving the stress tolerance of the potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkun Chen
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Canhui Li
- Joint Academy of Potato Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Joint Academy of Potato Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Jing Yi
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Chunyan Kong
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Chunxia Lei
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
| | - Ming Gong
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650550, China.
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Gayen D, Gayali S, Barua P, Lande NV, Varshney S, Sengupta S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-induced proteomic landscape of mitochondria in chickpea reveals large-scale coordination of key biological processes. J Proteomics 2019; 192:267-279. [PMID: 30243939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating multiple biological processes particularly electron transfer and energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. Exposure to water-deficit or dehydration may affect mitochondrial function, and dehydration response may dictate cell fate decisions. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome of a winter legume, chickpea, demonstrated the central metabolic alterations in mitochondria, presumably involved in dehydration adaptation. Three-week-old chickpea seedlings were subjected to progressive dehydration and the magnitude of dehydration-induced compensatory physiological responses was monitored in terms of physicochemical characteristics and mitochondrial architecture. The proteomics analysis led to the identification of 40 dehydration-responsive proteins whose expressions were significantly modulated by dehydration. The differentially expressed proteins were implicated in different metabolic processes, with obvious functional tendencies toward purine-thiamine metabolic network, pathways of carbon fixation and oxidative phosphorylation. The linearity of dehydration-induced proteome alteration was examined with transcript abundance of randomly selected candidates under multivariate stress conditions. The differentially regulated proteins were validated through sequence analysis. An extensive sequence based localization prediction revealed >62.5% proteins to be mitochondrial resident by, at least, one prediction algorithm. The results altogether provide intriguing insights into the dehydration-responsive metabolic pathways and useful clues to identify crucial proteins linked to stress tolerance. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Investigation on plant mitochondrial proteome is of significance because it would allow a better understanding of mitochondrial function in plant adaptation to stress. Mitochondria are the unique organelles, which play a crucial role in energy metabolism and cellular homeostasis, particularly when exposed to stress conditions. Chickpea is one of the cultivated winter legumes, which enriches soil nitrogen and has very low water footprint and thus contributes to fortification of sustainable agriculture. We therefore examined the dehydration-responsive mitochondrial proteome landscape of chickpea and queried whether molecular interplay of mitochondrial proteins modulate dehydration tolerance. A total of 40 dehydration-induced mitochondrial proteins were identified, predicted to be involved in key metabolic processes. Our future efforts would focus on understanding both posttranslational modification and processing for comprehensive characterization of mitochondrial protein function. This approach will facilitate mining of more biomarkers linked to the tolerance trait and contribute to crop adaptation to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Gayali
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.
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Lopalco P, Lobasso S, Lopes-Dos-Santos RMA, Van Stappen G, Corcelli A. Lipid Profile Changes During the Development of Artemia franciscana, From Cysts to the First Two Naupliar Stages. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1872. [PMID: 30723418 PMCID: PMC6349733 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The brine shrimp Artemia is an interesting experimental system for studies of developmental processes. Hatching of dormant cysts gives rise to shrimp larvae called nauplii, characterized by numerous naupliar stages representing the first forms of brine shrimp life cycle. Here combined Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analyses have been performed to gain information on the lipid profiles of cysts and two naupliar stages. Lipid bands isolated after preparative TLC of the lipid extracts have been analyzed to detect various species of each lipid class; in addition Post-Source Decay (PSD) analyses allowed the identification of phospholipid chains. We compared the relative abundance of various polar and neutral lipid species in the lipid extracts, proving for the first time that during the development of nauplii there is an increase of cardiolipin (CL) and lysophospholipid levels; in parallel, the amount of phosphatidylcholine (PC) decreases. In addition, as regards neutral lipids, we found an increase of diacylglycerols (DAGs) in correspondence of the decrease of triacylglycerols (TAGs). Data reflect the fact that naupliar stages, being an active form of life, are more metabolically active and offer a platform to develop further studies on the importance of lipid metabolic pathways and bioactive lipids during the development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Lopalco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Lobasso
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Gilbert Van Stappen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Angela Corcelli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Wang X, Li M, Liu X, Zhang L, Duan Q, Zhang J. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Castor ( Ricinus communis L.) Seeds During Early Imbibition Provided Novel Insights into Cold Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E355. [PMID: 30654474 PMCID: PMC6359183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early planting is one of the strategies used to increase grain yield in temperate regions. However, poor cold tolerance in castor inhibits seed germination, resulting in lower seedling emergence and biomass. Here, the elite castor variety Tongbi 5 was used to identify the differential abundance protein species (DAPS) between cold stress (4 °C) and control conditions (30 °C) imbibed seeds. As a result, 127 DAPS were identified according to isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy. These DAPS were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, translation and posttranslational modification, stress response, lipid transport and metabolism, and signal transduction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) demonstrated that the quantitative proteomics data collected here were reliable. This study provided some invaluable insights into the cold stress responses of early imbibed castor seeds: (1) up-accumulation of all DAPS involved in translation might confer cold tolerance by promoting protein synthesis; (2) stress-related proteins probably protect the cell against damage caused by cold stress; (3) up-accumulation of key DAPS associated with fatty acid biosynthesis might facilitate resistance or adaptation of imbibed castor seeds to cold stress by the increased content of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA). The data has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010043.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Min Li
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Xuming Liu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Lixue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Qiong Duan
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Jixing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
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44
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A LEA model peptide protects the function of a red fluorescent protein in the dry state. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 17:27-31. [PMID: 30519646 PMCID: PMC6259040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested whether a short model peptide derived from a group 3 late embryogenesis abundant (G3LEA) protein is able to maintain the fluorescence activity of a red fluorescent protein, mKate2, in the dry state. The fluorescence intensity of mKate2 alone decreased gradually through repeated dehydration-rehydration treatments. However, in the presence of the LEA model peptide, the peak intensity was maintained almost perfectly during such stress treatments, which implies that the three dimensional structure of the active site of mKate2 was protected even under severe desiccation conditions. For comparison, similar experiments were performed with other additives such as a native G3LEA protein, trehalose and BSA, all of whose protective abilities were lower than that of the LEA model peptide. We prepared a 22-mer model peptide of a group-3 LEA protein. The fluorescent peak of a red fluorescent protein was almost lost on drying. The model peptide suppressed such desiccation-induced damage. This indicates that the 3D structure of the fluorophore was protected. The peptide exhibited the highest protective effect among the reagents tested.
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Hand SC, Moore DS, Patil Y. Challenges during diapause and anhydrobiosis: Mitochondrial bioenergetics and desiccation tolerance. IUBMB Life 2018; 70:1251-1259. [PMID: 30369011 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In preparation for the onset of environmental challenges like overwintering, food limitation, anoxia, or water stress, many invertebrates and certain killifish enter diapause. Diapause is a developmentally-programed dormancy characterized by suppression of development and metabolism. For embryos of Artemia franciscana (brine shrimp), the metabolic arrest is profound. These gastrula-stage embryos depress oxidative metabolism by ~99% during diapause and survive years of severe desiccation in a state termed anhydrobiosis. Trehalose is the sole fuel source for this developmental stage. Mitochondrial function during diapause is downregulated primarily by restricting substrate supply, as a result of inhibiting key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. Because proton conductance across the inner membrane is not decreased during diapause, the inference is that membrane potential must be compromised. In the absence of any intervention, the possibility exists that the F1 Fo ATP synthase and the adenine nucleotide translocator may reverse, leading to wholesale hydrolysis of cellular ATP. Studies with anhydrobiotes like A. franciscana are revealing multiple traits useful for improving desiccation tolerance that include the expression and accumulation late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins and trehalose. LEA proteins are intrinsically disordered in aqueous solution but gain secondary structure (predominantly α-helix) as water is removed. These protective agents stabilize biological structures including lipid bilayers and mitochondria during severe water stress. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(12):1251-1259, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Hand
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Louisiana State University, LA, USA
| | - Daniel S Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Louisiana State University, LA, USA
| | - Yuvraj Patil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Division of Cellular Developmental and Integrative Biology, Louisiana State University, LA, USA
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46
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Wang WQ, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Møller IM, Song SQ. Changes in the mitochondrial proteome of developing maize seed embryos. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:552-572. [PMID: 29575040 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are required for seed development, but little information is available about their function and role during this process. We isolated the mitochondria from developing maize (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) embryos and investigated the mitochondrial membrane integrity and respiration as well as the mitochondrial proteome using two proteomic methods, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH). Mitochondrial membrane integrity and respiration were maintained at a high level up to 21 days after pollination (DAP) and decreased thereafter, while total mitochondrial number, cytochrome c oxidase activity and respiration per embryo exhibited a bell-shaped change with peaks at 35-45 DAP. A total of 286 mitochondrial proteins changed in abundance during embryo development. During early stages of seed development (up to 21 DAP), proteins involved in energy production, basic metabolism, protein import and folding as well as removal of reactive oxygen species dominated, while during mid or late stages (35-70 DAP), some stress- and detoxification-related proteins increased in abundance. Our study, for the first time, depicted a relatively comprehensive map of energy production by mitochondria during embryo development. The results revealed that mitochondria were very active during the early stages of maize embryo development, while at the late stages of development, the mitochondria became more quiescent, but well-protected, presumably to ensure that the embryo passes through maturation, drying and long-term storage. These results advance our understanding of seed development at the organelle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ian M Møller
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Song-Quan Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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47
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Cofer TM, Engelberth M, Engelberth J. Green leaf volatiles protect maize (Zea mays) seedlings against damage from cold stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1673-1682. [PMID: 29601632 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable evidence has accumulated on the defensive activity of plant volatile organic compounds against pathogens and insect herbivores, less is known about the significance of volatile organic compounds emitted by plants under abiotic stress. Here, we report that green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which were previously shown to prime plant defences against insect herbivore attack, also protect plants against cold stress (4 °C). We show that the expression levels of several cold stress-related genes are significantly up-regulated in maize (Zea mays) seedlings treated with physiological concentrations of the GLV, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate (Z-3-HAC), and that seedlings primed with Z-3-HAC exhibit increased growth and reduced damage after cold stress relative to unprimed seedlings. Together, these data demonstrate the protective and priming effect of GLVs against cold stress and suggest an activity of GLVs beyond the activation of typical plant defence responses against herbivores and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan M Cofer
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
- Center for Chemical Ecology, Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Marie Engelberth
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Jurgen Engelberth
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
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48
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Decoding the Divergent Subcellular Location of Two Highly Similar Paralogous LEA Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061620. [PMID: 29857468 PMCID: PMC6032150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many mitochondrial proteins are synthesized as precursors in the cytosol with an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) which is cleaved off upon import. Although much is known about import mechanisms and MTS structural features, the variability of MTS still hampers robust sub-cellular software predictions. Here, we took advantage of two paralogous late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA) from Arabidopsis with different subcellular locations to investigate structural determinants of mitochondrial import and gain insight into the evolution of the LEA genes. LEA38 and LEA2 are short proteins of the LEA_3 family, which are very similar along their whole sequence, but LEA38 is targeted to mitochondria while LEA2 is cytosolic. Differences in the N-terminal protein sequences were used to generate a series of mutated LEA2 which were expressed as GFP-fusion proteins in leaf protoplasts. By combining three types of mutation (substitution, charge inversion, and segment replacement), we were able to redirect the mutated LEA2 to mitochondria. Analysis of the effect of the mutations and determination of the LEA38 MTS cleavage site highlighted important structural features within and beyond the MTS. Overall, these results provide an explanation for the likely loss of mitochondrial location after duplication of the ancestral gene.
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49
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Dussert S, Serret J, Bastos-Siqueira A, Morcillo F, Déchamp E, Rofidal V, Lashermes P, Etienne H, JOët T. Integrative analysis of the late maturation programme and desiccation tolerance mechanisms in intermediate coffee seeds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1583-1597. [PMID: 29361125 PMCID: PMC5888931 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The 'intermediate seed' category was defined in the early 1990s using coffee (Coffea arabica) as a model. In contrast to orthodox seeds, intermediate seeds cannot survive complete drying, which is a major constraint for seed storage and has implications for both biodiversity conservation and agricultural purposes. However, intermediate seeds are considerably more tolerant to drying than recalcitrant seeds, which are highly sensitive to desiccation. To gain insight into the mechanisms governing such differences, changes in desiccation tolerance (DT), hormone contents, and the transcriptome were analysed in developing coffee seeds. Acquisition of DT coincided with a dramatic transcriptional switch characterised by the repression of primary metabolism, photosynthesis, and respiration, and the up-regulation of genes coding for late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, heat-shock proteins (HSPs), and antioxidant enzymes. Analysis of the heat-stable proteome in mature coffee seeds confirmed the accumulation of LEA proteins identified at the transcript level. Transcriptome analysis also suggested a major role for ABA and for the transcription factors CaHSFA9, CaDREB2G, CaANAC029, CaPLATZ, and CaDOG-like in DT acquisition. The ability of CaHSFA9 and CaDREB2G to trigger HSP gene transcription was validated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of coffee somatic embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Valérie Rofidal
- Biochimie et physiologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier Supagro, Université Montpellier, France
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50
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Magwanga RO, Lu P, Kirungu JN, Lu H, Wang X, Cai X, Zhou Z, Zhang Z, Salih H, Wang K, Liu F. Characterization of the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins family and their role in drought stress tolerance in upland cotton. BMC Genet 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29334890 PMCID: PMC5769447 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-017-0596-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are large groups of hydrophilic proteins with major role in drought and other abiotic stresses tolerance in plants. In-depth study and characterization of LEA protein families have been carried out in other plants, but not in upland cotton. The main aim of this research work was to characterize the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein families and to carry out gene expression analysis to determine their potential role in drought stress tolerance in upland cotton. Increased cotton production in the face of declining precipitation and availability of fresh water for agriculture use is the focus for breeders, cotton being the backbone of textile industries and a cash crop for many countries globally. Results In this work, a total of 242, 136 and 142 LEA genes were identified in G. hirsutum, G. arboreum and G. raimondii respectively. The identified genes were classified into eight groups based on their conserved domain and phylogenetic tree analysis. LEA 2 were the most abundant, this could be attributed to their hydrophobic character. Upland cotton LEA genes have fewer introns and are distributed in all chromosomes. Majority of the duplicated LEA genes were segmental. Syntenic analysis showed that greater percentages of LEA genes are conserved. Segmental gene duplication played a key role in the expansion of LEA genes. Sixty three miRNAs were found to target 89 genes, such as miR164, ghr-miR394 among others. Gene ontology analysis revealed that LEA genes are involved in desiccation and defense responses. Almost all the LEA genes in their promoters contained ABRE, MBS, W-Box and TAC-elements, functionally known to be involved in drought stress and other stress responses. Majority of the LEA genes were involved in secretory pathways. Expression profile analysis indicated that most of the LEA genes were highly expressed in drought tolerant cultivars Gossypium tomentosum as opposed to drought susceptible, G. hirsutum. The tolerant genotypes have a greater ability to modulate genes under drought stress than the more susceptible upland cotton cultivars. Conclusion The finding provides comprehensive information on LEA genes in upland cotton, G. hirsutum and possible function in plants under drought stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-017-0596-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Odongo Magwanga
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China.,School of physical and biological sciences (SPBS), Main campus, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST), P.O Box 210-40601, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Pu Lu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Joy Nyangasi Kirungu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Hejun Lu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhenmei Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Haron Salih
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS)/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang, 455000, China.
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