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Shrestha D, Bahasoan Y, Eggeling C. Cellular Output and Physicochemical Properties of the Membrane-Derived Vesicles Depend on Chemical Stimulants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39250321 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic liposomes are widely used as drug delivery vehicles in biomedical treatments, such as for mRNA-based antiviral vaccines like those recently developed against SARS-CoV-2. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are naturally produced by cells, have emerged as a next-generation delivery system. However, key questions regarding their origin within cells remain unresolved. In this regard, plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs), which are essentially produced from the cellular plasma membrane (PM), present a promising alternative. Unfortunately, their properties relevant to biomedical applications have not be extensively studied. Therefore, we conducted a thorough investigation of the methods used in the production of PMVs. By leveraging advanced fluorescence techniques in microscopy and flow cytometry, we demonstrated a strong dependence of the physicochemical attributes of PMVs on the chemicals used during their production. Following established protocols employing chemicals such as paraformaldehyde (PFA), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) or dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) and by developing a modified NEM-based method that involved a hypotonic shock step, we generated PMVs from THP-1 CD1d cells. We systematically compared key parameters such as vesicle output, their size distribution, vesicular content analysis, vesicular membrane lipid organization and the mobility of a transmembrane protein. Our results revealed distinct trends: PMVs isolated using NEM-based protocols closely resembled natural vesicles, whereas PFA induced significant molecular cross-linking, leading to notable changes in the biophysical properties of the vesicles. Furthermore, our novel NEM protocol enhanced the efficiency of PMV production. In conclusion, our study highlights the unique characteristics of chemically produced PMVs and offers insights into their potentially diverse yet valuable biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Shrestha
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Yusuf Bahasoan
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
- Department of Biophysical Imaging, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert- Einstein Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Max-Wien Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Kırbaş OK, Bozkurt BT, Yıldırım MR, Taşlı PN, Abdik H, Şahin F, Avşar Abdik E. A Perspective on the Characterization of Early Neural Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Targeted Delivery to Neuroblastoma Cells. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2364-2378. [PMID: 38837091 PMCID: PMC11310242 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
As an element of the cellular signaling systems, extracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibit many desirable traits for usage as targeted delivery vehicles. When administered, EVs cause little to no toxic or immune response, stay in circulation for longer periods compared to synthetic carriers, preferentially accumulate in tissues that are the same or similar to their cell-of-origin and can pass through the blood-brain barrier. Combined, these traits make neural EVs a particularly promising tool for delivering drugs to the brain. This study aims to combine tissue and EVs engineering to prepare neural differentiated cells derived EVs that exhibit neural properties, to develop an effective, tissue-homing drug and gene delivery platform for the brain. Early neural differentiated cell-derived EVs were produced with neural characteristics from neural differentiated human neonatal dermal fibroblasts. The EVs carried key neural proteins such as Nestin, Sox2 and Doublecortin. The cellular uptake of early neural differentiated cell-derived EVs was higher compared to non-neural EVs during in vitro uptake assays on neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, eND-EVs were significantly decreased the viability of neuroblastoma cells. In conclusion, this study revealed that early neural differentiated cell-derived EVs have potential as a promising drug carrier for the treatment of various neural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oğuz Kaan Kırbaş
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Batuhan Turhan Bozkurt
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Melis Rahime Yıldırım
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Pakize Neslihan Taşlı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Abdik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, 34303, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, 34755, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Avşar Abdik
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34134, Turkey.
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Abd-Elmoniem KZ, Edwan JH, Dietsche KB, Villalobos-Perez A, Shams N, Matta J, Baumgarten L, Qaddumi WN, Dixon SA, Chowdhury A, Stagliano M, Mabundo L, Wentzel A, Hadigan C, Gharib AM, Chung ST. Endothelial Dysfunction in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinical Translational Study. Circ Res 2024; 135:639-650. [PMID: 39069898 PMCID: PMC11361354 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (Y-T2D) is associated with increased risk for coronary atherosclerotic disease, but the timing of the earliest pathological features and evidence of cardiac endothelial dysfunction have not been evaluated in this population. Endothelial function magnetic resonance imaging may detect early and direct endothelial dysfunction in the absence of classical risk factors (severe hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia). Using endothelial function magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated peripheral and coronary artery structure and endothelial function in young adults with Y-T2D diagnosed ≤5 years compared with age-matched healthy peers. We isolated and characterized plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles and evaluated their effects on inflammatory and signaling biomarkers in healthy human coronary artery endothelial cells to validate the imaging findings. METHODS Right coronary wall thickness, coronary artery flow-mediated dilation, and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation were measured at baseline and during isometric handgrip exercise using a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging. Human coronary artery endothelial cells were treated with Y-T2D plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles. Protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis, oxidative stress was measured using the redox-sensitive probe dihydroethidium, and nitric oxide levels were measured by 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluororescein diacetate. RESULTS Y-T2D (n=20) had higher hemoglobin A1c and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, but similar total and LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol compared with healthy peers (n=16). Y-T2D had greater coronary wall thickness (1.33±0.13 versus 1.22±0.13 mm; P=0.04) and impaired endothelial function: lower coronary artery flow-mediated dilation (-3.1±15.5 versus 15.9±17.3%; P<0.01) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (6.7±14.7 versus 26.4±15.2%; P=0.001). Y-T2D plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles reduced phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide levels, increased reactive oxygen species production, and elevated ICAM (intercellular adhesion molecule)-mediated inflammatory pathways in human coronary artery endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Coronary and brachial endothelial dysfunction was evident in Y-T2D who were within 5 years of diagnosis and did not have severe hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia. Plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles induced markers of endothelial dysfunction, which corroborated accelerated subclinical coronary atherosclerosis as an early feature in Y-T2D. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02830308 and NCT01399385.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Z. Abd-Elmoniem
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jehad H. Edwan
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Katrina B. Dietsche
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alfredo Villalobos-Perez
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nour Shams
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jatin Matta
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Leilah Baumgarten
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Waleed N. Qaddumi
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sydney A. Dixon
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aruba Chowdhury
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael Stagliano
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lilian Mabundo
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Annemarie Wentzel
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (A.W.), North-West University, Potchefstroom
- South African Medical Research Council, Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease (A.W.), North-West University, Potchefstroom
| | - Colleen Hadigan
- Clinical Center (C.H.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ahmed M. Gharib
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Biomedical Medical and Imaging Branch (K.Z.A., J.E., N.S., J.M., L.B., W.Q., A.M.G.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephanie T. Chung
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch (K.B., A.V., S.D., A.C., M.S., L.M., S.T.C.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Mimi MA, Hasan MM, Takanashi Y, Waliullah ASM, Mamun MA, Chi Z, Kahyo T, Aramaki S, Takatsuka D, Koizumi K, Setou M. UBL3 overexpression enhances EV-mediated Achilles protein secretion in conditioned media of MDA-MB-231 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 738:150559. [PMID: 39182355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells communicate within the tumor microenvironment (TME) through extracellular vesicles (EVs), which act as crucial messengers in intercellular communication, transporting biomolecules to facilitate cancer progression. Ubiquitin-like 3 (UBL3) facilitates protein sorting into small EVs as a post-translational modifier. However, the effect of UBL3 overexpression in EV-mediated protein secretion has not been investigated yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of UBL3 overexpression in enhancing EV-mediated Achilles protein secretion in MDA-MB-231 (MM) cells by a dual-reporter system integrating Akaluc and Achilles tagged with Ubiquitin where self-cleaving P2A linker connects Akaluc and Achilles. MM cells stably expressing Ubiquitin-Akaluc-P2A-Achilles (Ubi-Aka/Achi) were generated. In our study, both the bioluminescence of Ubiquitin-Akaluc (Ubi-Aka) and the fluorescence of Achilles secretion were observed. The intensity of Ubi-Aka was thirty times lower, while the Achilles was four times lower than the intensity of corresponding cells. The ratio of Ubi-Aka and Achilles in conditioned media (CM) was 7.5. They were also detected within EVs using an EV uptake luciferase assay and fluorescence imaging. To investigate the effect of the UBL3 overexpression in CM, Ubi-Aka/Achi was transiently transfected into MM-UBL3-KO, MM, and MM-Flag-UBL3 cells. We found that the relative fluorescence expression of Achilles in CM of MM-UBL3-KO, MM, and MM-Flag-UBL3 cells was 30 %, 28 %, and 45 %, respectively. These findings demonstrated that UBL3 overexpression enhances EV-mediated Achilles protein secretion in CM of MM cells. Targeting UBL3 could lead to novel therapies for cancer metastasis by reducing the secretion of pro-metastatic proteins, thereby inhibiting disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Afsana Mimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takanashi
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - A S M Waliullah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Md Al Mamun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Zhang Chi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan; Quantum Imaging Laboratory, Division of Research and Development in Photonics Technology, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shuhei Aramaki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan; Translational Biomedical Photonics, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Daiki Takatsuka
- Department of Surgery 1, Division of Breast Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kei Koizumi
- Department of Surgery 1, Division of Breast Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan; International Mass Imaging and Spatial Omics Center, Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
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Yang G, Zhang B, Xu M, Wu M, Lin J, Luo Z, Chen Y, Hu Q, Huang G, Hu H. Improving Granulosa Cell Function in Premature Ovarian Failure with Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Exosome-Derived hsa_circ_0002021. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:897-914. [PMID: 38842768 PMCID: PMC11286897 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic potential of exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs-Exo) for delivering specific circular RNAs (circRNAs) in treating premature ovarian failure (POF) is not well understood. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of HUMSCs-Exo in delivering hsa_circ_0002021 for POF treatment, focusing on its effects on granulosa cell (GC) senescence and ovarian function. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was conducted on circRNA profiles using the GSE97193 dataset from GEO, targeting granulosa cells from varied age groups. To simulate granulosa cell senescence, KGN cells were treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). HUMSCs were transfected with pcDNA 3.1 vectors to overexpress hsa_circ_0002021, and the HUMSCs-Exo secreted were isolated. These exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Western blotting to confirm exosomal markers CD9 and CD63. Co-culture of these exosomes with CTX-treated KGN cells was performed to assess β-galactosidase activity, oxidative stress markers, ROS levels, and apoptosis via flow cytometry. Interaction between hsa_circ_0002021, microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a-5p), and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) was investigated using dual-luciferase assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). A POF mouse model was induced with CTX, treated with HUMSCs-Exo, and analyzed histologically and via immunofluorescence staining. Gene expression was quantified using RT-qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS hsa_circ_0002021 was under expressed in both in vivo and in vitro POF models and was effectively delivered by HUMSCs-Exo to KGN cells, showing a capability to reduce GC senescence. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0002021 in HUMSCs-Exo significantly enhanced these anti-senescence effects. This circRNA acts as a competitive adsorbent of miR-125a-5p, regulating CDK6 expression, which is crucial in modulating cell cycle and apoptosis. Enhanced expression of hsa_circ_0002021 in HUMSCs-Exo ameliorated GC senescence in vitro and improved ovarian function in POF models by modulating oxidative stress and cellular senescence markers. CONCLUSION This study confirms that hsa_circ_0002021, when delivered through HUMSCs-Exo, can significantly mitigate GC senescence and restore ovarian function in POF models. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of POF and highlight the therapeutic potential of circRNA-enriched exosomes in treating ovarian aging and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc, Chengdu City, 610036, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - MingJun Wu
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc, Chengdu City, 610036, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - ZiYu Luo
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc, Chengdu City, 610036, Sichuan Province, China
| | - YueHua Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - GuoPing Huang
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China
| | - HaiYan Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Zigong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, No.49, Dahuangtong Road, Longjing Street, Da'an District, Zigong City, 643010, Sichuan Province, China.
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Takakura Y, Hanayama R, Akiyoshi K, Futaki S, Hida K, Ichiki T, Ishii-Watabe A, Kuroda M, Maki K, Miura Y, Okada Y, Seo N, Takeuchi T, Yamaguchi T, Yoshioka Y. Quality and Safety Considerations for Therapeutic Products Based on Extracellular Vesicles. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1573-1594. [PMID: 39112776 PMCID: PMC11362369 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as an intrinsic system for delivering functional molecules within our body, playing significant roles in diverse physiological phenomena and diseases. Both native and engineered EVs are currently the subject of extensive research as promising therapeutics and drug delivery systems, primarily due to their remarkable attributes, such as targeting capabilities, biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity and mutagenicity. Nevertheless, their clinical application is still a long way off owing to multiple limitations. In this context, the Science Board of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) of Japan has conducted a comprehensive assessment to identify the current issues related to the quality and safety of EV-based therapeutic products. Furthermore, we have presented several examples of the state-of-the-art methodologies employed in EV manufacturing, along with guidelines for critical processes, such as production, purification, characterization, quality evaluation and control, safety assessment, and clinical development and evaluation of EV-based therapeutics. These endeavors aim to facilitate the clinical application of EVs and pave the way for their transformative impact in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Takakura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Rikinari Hanayama
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hida
- Vascular Biology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takanori Ichiki
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Kazushige Maki
- Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Yasuo Miura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Okada
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Transplantation, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Naohiro Seo
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
| | - Toshihide Takeuchi
- Life Science Research Institute, Kindai University, Higashi-osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Japan
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7
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Mohammed MZ, Abdelrahman SA, El-Shal AS, Abdelrahman AA, Hamdy M, Sarhan WM. Efficacy of stem cells versus microvesicles in ameliorating chronic renal injury in rats (histological and biochemical study). Sci Rep 2024; 14:16589. [PMID: 39025899 PMCID: PMC11258134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to heavy metals as aluminum chloride (AlCl3) could result in severe health hazards such as chronic renal injury. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in comparison to their microvesicles (MV) in AlCl3-induced chronic renal injury. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control group, AlCl3-treated group, AlCl3/ASC-treated group, and AlCl3/MV-treated group. Biochemical studies included estimation of serum urea and creatinine levels, oxidative biomarkers assay, antioxidant biomarkers, serum cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-33), real time-PCR analysis of renal tissue MALT1, TNF-α, IL-6, and serum miR-150-5p expression levels. Histopathological studies included light and electron microscopes examination of renal tissue, Mallory trichrome stain for fibrosis, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain for histochemical detection of carbohydrates, and immunohistochemical detection of Caspase-3 as apoptosis marker, IL-1B as a proinflammatory cytokine and CD40 as a marker of MVs. AlCl3 significantly deteriorated kidney function, enhanced renal MDA and TOS, and serum cytokines concentrations while decreased the antioxidant parameters (SOD, GSH, and TAC). Moreover, serum IL-10, TNF-α, miR-150-5p, and renal MALT1 expression values were significantly higher than other groups. Kidney sections showed marked histopathological damage in both renal cortex and medulla in addition to enhanced apoptosis and increased inflammatory cytokines immunoexpression than other groups. Both ASCs and MVs administration ameliorated the previous parameters levels with more improvement was detected in MVs-treated group. In conclusion: ASCs-derived MVs have a promising ameliorating effect on chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Z Mohammed
- Medical Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Abdelrahman
- Medical Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Amal S El-Shal
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Abdelrahman
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hamdy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa M Sarhan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Kırbaş OK, Sağraç D, Çiftçi ÖC, Özdemir G, Öztürkoğlu D, Bozkurt BT, Derman ÜC, Taşkan E, Taşlı PN, Özdemir BS, Şahin F. Unveiling the potential: Extracellular vesicles from plant cell suspension cultures as a promising source. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38989918 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are secreted by all eukaryotic cells and they have an important role in intercellular signaling. Plant extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are a novel area of research that has gained attention due to their potential implications in biomolecule transport and therapeutic applications. PEVs are lipid bilayer-enclosed structures that contain a diverse cargo of biomolecules such as proteins and lipids. Moreover, it is known that PEVs have a noticeable therapeutic potential for various conditions such as inflammation and oxidative stress. However, there are critical problems such as removing the endosomes and plant-derived biomolecules that decrease the standardization and therapeutic efficacy of PEVs. In our study, the aim was to characterize plant cell suspension-derived extracellular vesicles (PCSEVs) obtained from two different plant cell suspension cultures: Stevia rebaudiana and Vaccaria hispanica. These vesicles were isolated using ultrafiltration and characterized with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The molecular composition of PCSEVs was profiled and the cellular uptake assay was performed. Our results demonstrated that PCSEVs have a spherical shape, less than 200 nm. In the fatty acid analysis, the primary components in PCSEVs were palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and cis-vaccenic acid. The protein content of Stevia rebaudiana-derived EVs (SDEVs) was largely associated with proteins involved in extracellular structures and functions. Conversely, Vaccaria hispanica-derived EVs (HDEVs) displayed a higher presence of cytosolic proteins. These findings contribute to the understanding of PCSEVs and open up potential avenues in extracellular vesicle research, pointing to promising prospects for future innovations in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oğuz Kaan Kırbaş
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Sağraç
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgün Cem Çiftçi
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökçeçiçek Özdemir
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Öztürkoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Batuhan Turhan Bozkurt
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ümit Cem Derman
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Taşkan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pakize Neslihan Taşlı
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Soğutmaz Özdemir
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Zhang M, Yuan Q, Wang P, Zhang F, Wu D, Bai H, Liu J, Liu H, Yuan X. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles Containing H8 Improve Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Exert Ameliorative Effects in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6643-6658. [PMID: 38979532 PMCID: PMC11230129 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s455021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nanovesicles (NVs) derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as drug delivery systems are considered an effective therapeutic strategy for diabetes. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and molecular mechanism of BMSC-derived NVs carrying the curcumin analog H8 (H8-BMSCs-NVs) on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subjects and Methods Mouse BMSCs were isolated by collagenase digestion and H8-BMSCs-NVs were prepared by microvesicle extrusion. The effects of H8-BMSCs-NVs on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism were observed in a T2D mouse model and a HepG2 cell insulin resistance model. To evaluate changes in potential signaling pathways, the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway and expression levels of G6P and PEPCK were assessed by Western blotting. Results H8-BMSCs-NVs effectively improved lipid accumulation in liver tissues and restored liver dysfunction in T2D mice. Meanwhile, H8-BMSCs-NVs effectively inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation in the insulin resistance models of HepG2 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that H8-BMSCs-NVs activated the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway and decreased the expression levels of G6P and PEPCK. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that H8-BMSCs-NVs improved hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in T2D mice by activating the PI3K/AKT/AMPK signaling pathway, which provides novel evidence suggesting the potential of H8-BMSCs-NVs in the clinically treatment of T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
- The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yuan
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Wang
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - He Bai
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieting Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohuan Yuan
- College of Life Science, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wardhani K, Levina A, Grau GER, Lay PA. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic resonance contrast and radioactive tracer labelling of extracellular vesicles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6779-6829. [PMID: 38828885 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This review focusses on the significance of fluorescent, phosphorescent labelling and tracking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for unravelling their biology, pathophysiology, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Various labeling strategies, such as lipid membrane, surface protein, luminal, nucleic acid, radionuclide, quantum dot labels, and metal complex-based stains, are evaluated for visualizing and characterizing EVs. Direct labelling with fluorescent lipophilic dyes is simple but generally lacks specificity, while surface protein labelling offers selectivity but may affect EV-cell interactions. Luminal and nucleic acid labelling strategies have their own advantages and challenges. Each labelling approach has strengths and weaknesses, which require a suitable probe and technique based on research goals, but new tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as phosphorescent probes have strong phosphorescence, selective staining, and stability. Future research should prioritize the design of novel fluorescent probes and labelling platforms that can significantly enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and specificity of EV labeling, while preserving their composition and functionality. It is crucial to reduce false positive signals and explore the potential of multimodal imaging techniques to gain comprehensive insights into EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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11
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Wardhani K, Levina A, Sun B, Zou H, Grau GER, Keene FR, Collins JG, Lay PA. Tetranuclear Polypyridylruthenium(II) Complexes as Selective Nucleic Acid Stains for Flow Cytometric Analysis of Monocytic and Epithelial Lung Carcinoma Large Extracellular Vesicles. Biomolecules 2024; 14:664. [PMID: 38927067 PMCID: PMC11202172 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective staining of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a major challenge for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Herein, the EV labeling properties of a new class of tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes, Rubb7-TNL and Rubb7-TL, as phosphorescent stains are described. These new stains have many advantages over standard stains to detect and characterize EVs, including: high specificity for EV staining versus cell staining; high phosphorescence yields; photostability; and a lack of leaching from EVs until incorporation with target cells. As an example of their utility, large EVs released from control (basal) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells were studied as a model of immune system EVs released during bacterial infection. Key findings from EV staining combined with flow cytometry were as follows: (i) LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells generated significantly larger and more numerous large EVs, as compared with those from unstimulated cells; (ii) EVs retained native EV physical properties after staining; and (iii) the new stains selectively differentiated intact large EVs from artificial liposomes, which are models of cell membrane fragments or other lipid-containing debris, as well as distinguished two distinct subpopulations of monocytic EVs within the same experiment, as a result of biochemical differences between unstimulated and LPS-stimulated monocytes. Comparatively, the staining patterns of A549 epithelial lung carcinoma-derived EVs closely resembled those of THP-1 cell line-derived EVs, which highlighted similarities in their selective staining despite their distinct cellular origins. This is consistent with the hypothesis that these new phosphorescent stains target RNA within the EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Biyun Sun
- School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia;
| | - Haipei Zou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Georges E. R. Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - F. Richard Keene
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Physics, Chemistry, and Earth Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine/Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - J. Grant Collins
- School of Science, The University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia;
| | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.W.); (H.Z.)
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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12
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Lim W, Lee S, Koh M, Jo A, Park J. Recent advances in chemical biology tools for protein and RNA profiling of extracellular vesicles. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:483-499. [PMID: 38846074 PMCID: PMC11151817 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00200d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells that contain various cellular components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from the parent cell. EVs are abundant in body fluids and can serve as circulating biomarkers for a variety of diseases or as a regulator of various biological processes. Considering these characteristics of EVs, analysis of the EV cargo has been spotlighted for disease diagnosis or to understand biological processes in biomedical research. Over the past decade, technologies for rapid and sensitive analysis of EVs in biofluids have evolved, but detection and isolation of targeted EVs in complex body fluids is still challenging due to the unique physical and biological properties of EVs. Recent advances in chemical biology provide new opportunities for efficient profiling of the molecular contents of EVs. A myriad of chemical biology tools have been harnessed to enhance the analytical performance of conventional assays for better understanding of EV biology. In this review, we will discuss the improvements that have been achieved using chemical biology tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojeong Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
| | - Minseob Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Ala Jo
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea
- Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
- Multidimensional Genomics Research Center, Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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13
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Guerricchio L, Barile L, Bollini S. Evolving Strategies for Extracellular Vesicles as Future Cardiac Therapeutics: From Macro- to Nano-Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6187. [PMID: 38892376 PMCID: PMC11173118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents the foremost cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a steadily increasing incidence due to the growth of the ageing population. Cardiac dysfunction leading to heart failure may arise from acute myocardial infarction (MI) as well as inflammatory- and cancer-related chronic cardiomyopathy. Despite pharmacological progress, effective cardiac repair represents an unmet clinical need, with heart transplantation being the only option for end-stage heart failure. The functional profiling of the biological activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently attracted increasing interest in the field of translational research for cardiac regenerative medicine. The cardioprotective and cardioactive potential of human progenitor stem/cell-derived EVs has been reported in several preclinical studies, and EVs have been suggested as promising paracrine therapy candidates for future clinical translation. Nevertheless, some compelling aspects must be properly addressed, including optimizing delivery strategies to meet patient needs and enhancing targeting specificity to the cardiac tissue. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the most relevant aspects of the therapeutic potential of EVs released by human progenitors for cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on the strategies that have been recently implemented to improve myocardial targeting and administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guerricchio
- Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
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14
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Cheng CA. Before Translating Extracellular Vesicles into Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics: What We Could Do. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2625-2636. [PMID: 38771015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) research is rapidly advancing from fundamental science to translational applications in EV-based personalized therapeutics and diagnostics. Yet, fundamental questions persist regarding EV biology and mechanisms, particularly concerning the heterogeneous interactions between EVs and cells. While we have made strides in understanding virus delivery and intracellular vesicle transport, our comprehension of EV trafficking remains limited. EVs are believed to mediate intercellular communication through cargo transfer, but uncertainties persist regarding the occurrence and quantification of EV-cargo delivery within acceptor cells. This ambiguity is crucial to address, given the significant translational impact of EVs on therapeutics and diagnostics. This perspective article does not seek to provide exhaustive recommendations and guidance on EV-related studies, as these are well-articulated in position papers and statements by the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), including the 'Minimum Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles' (MISEV) 2014, MISEV2018, and the recent MISEV2023. Instead, recognizing the multilayered heterogeneity of EVs as both a challenge and an opportunity, this perspective emphasizes novel approaches to facilitate our understanding of diverse EV biology, address uncertainties, and leverage this knowledge to advance EV-based personalized diagnostics and therapeutics. Specifically, this perspective synthesizes current insights, identifies opportunities, and highlights exciting technological advancements in ultrasensitive single EV or "digital" profiling developed within the author's multidisciplinary group. These newly developed technologies address technical gaps in dissecting the molecular contents of EV subsets, contributing to the evolution of EVs as next-generation liquid biopsies for diagnostics and providing better quality control for EV-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-An Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan
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15
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Ma W, Wu D, Long C, Liu J, Xu L, Zhou L, Dou Q, Ge Y, Zhou C, Jia R. Neutrophil-derived nanovesicles deliver IL-37 to mitigate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via endothelial cell targeting. J Control Release 2024; 370:66-81. [PMID: 38631490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Interleukin (IL)-37 has been suggested as a novel anti-inflammatory factor for the treatment of IRI, but its application is still limited by its low stability and delivery efficiency. In this study, we reported a novel engineered method to efficiently and easily prepare neutrophil membrane-derived vesicles (N-MVs), which could be utilized as a promising vehicle to deliver IL-37 and avoid the potential side effects of neutrophil-derived natural extracellular vesicles. N-MVs could enhance the stability of IL-37 and targetedly deliver IL-37 to damaged endothelial cells of IRI kidneys via P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). In vitro and in vivo evidence revealed that N-MVs encapsulated with IL-37 (N-MV@IL-37) could inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis, promote endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and decrease inflammatory factor production and leukocyte infiltration, thereby ameliorating renal IRI. Our study establishes a promising delivery vehicle for the treatment of renal IRI and other endothelial damage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ma
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Chengcheng Long
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Quanliang Dou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yuzheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China.
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Leone I, Santoro J, Soricelli A, Febbraro A, Santoriello A, Carrese B. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer EVs Modulate Growth and Migration of Normal Epithelial Lung Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5864. [PMID: 38892050 PMCID: PMC11172765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer amongst women worldwide. Recently, owing to screening programs and new technologies, the survival rate has increased significantly. Breast cancer can potentially develop metastases, and, despite them, lung metastases generally occur within five years of breast cancer diagnosis. In this study, the objective was to analyze the effect of breast cancer-derived EVs on a lung epithelial cell line. BEAS-2B cells were treated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs), e.g., MDA-MB-231 and HS578T, separated using differential ultracentrifugation. We observed an increased growth, migration, and invasiveness of normal epithelial lung cells over time in the presence of TNBC EVs compared to the control. Therefore, these data suggest that EVs released by tumor cells contain biological molecules capable of influencing the pro-tumorigenic activity of normal cells. Exploring the role of EVs in oncology research and their potential cargo may be novel biomarkers for early cancer detection and further diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Leone
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via E. Gianturco, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.L.); (A.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Jessie Santoro
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via E. Gianturco, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.L.); (A.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Andrea Soricelli
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via E. Gianturco, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.L.); (A.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Antonio Febbraro
- Oncology Unit, Casa di Cura Cobellis, Vallo della Lucania, 84078 Vallo della Lucania, Italy;
| | - Antonio Santoriello
- Breast Unit, Casa di Cura Cobellis, Vallo della Lucania, 84078 Vallo della Lucania, Italy;
| | - Barbara Carrese
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via E. Gianturco, 80143 Naples, Italy; (I.L.); (A.S.); (B.C.)
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17
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Zhang B, Lai RC, Sim WK, Tan TT, Lim SK. An Assessment of Administration Route on MSC-sEV Therapeutic Efficacy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:622. [PMID: 38927026 PMCID: PMC11202284 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) are promising therapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated how the administration route of MSC-sEVs affects their therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin scleroderma (SSc). We evaluated the impact of topical (TOP), subcutaneous (SC), and intraperitoneal (IP) administration of MSC-sEVs on dermal fibrosis, collagen density, and thickness. All three routes of administration significantly reduced BLM-induced fibrosis in the skin, as determined by Masson's Trichrome staining. However, only TOP administration reduced BLM-induced dermal collagen density, with no effect on dermal thickness observed for all administration routes. Moreover, SC, but not TOP or IP administration, increased anti-inflammatory profibrotic CD163+ M2 macrophages. These findings indicate that the administration route influences the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-sEVs in alleviating dermal fibrosis, with TOP administration being the most effective, and this efficacy is not mediated by M2 macrophages. Since both TOP and SC administration target the skin, the difference in their efficacy likely stems from variations in MSC-sEV delivery in the skin. Fluorescence-labelled TOP, but not SC MSC-sEVs when applied to skin explant cultures, localized in the stratum corneum. Hence, the superior efficacy of TOP over SC MSC-sEVs could be attributed to this localization. A comparison of the proteomes of stratum corneum and MSC-sEVs revealed the presence of >100 common proteins. Most of these proteins, such as filaggrin, were known to be crucial for maintaining skin barrier function against irritants and toxins, thereby mitigating inflammation-induced fibrosis. Therefore, the superior efficacy of TOP MSC-sEVs over SC and IP MSC-sEVs against SSc is mediated by the delivery of proteins to the stratum corneum to reinforce the skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd., 1 Tai Seng Ave, #02-04 Tai Seng Exchange, Singapore 536464, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.); (T.T.T.)
| | - Ruenn Chai Lai
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd., 1 Tai Seng Ave, #02-04 Tai Seng Exchange, Singapore 536464, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.); (T.T.T.)
| | - Wei Kian Sim
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd., 1 Tai Seng Ave, #02-04 Tai Seng Exchange, Singapore 536464, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.); (T.T.T.)
| | - Thong Teck Tan
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd., 1 Tai Seng Ave, #02-04 Tai Seng Exchange, Singapore 536464, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.); (T.T.T.)
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd., 1 Tai Seng Ave, #02-04 Tai Seng Exchange, Singapore 536464, Singapore; (B.Z.); (R.C.L.); (W.K.S.); (T.T.T.)
- Department of Surgery, YLL School of Medicine, National University Singapore (NUS), 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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18
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Hillman T. The application of plant-exosome-like nanovesicles as improved drug delivery systems for cancer vaccines. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:136. [PMID: 38683256 PMCID: PMC11058161 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of cancer immunotherapeutics is currently increasing. Cancer vaccines, as a form of immunotherapy, are gaining much attention in the medical community since specific tumor-antigens can activate immune cells to induce an anti-tumor immune response. However, the delivery of cancer vaccines presents many issues for research scientists when designing cancer treatments and requires further investigation. Nanoparticles, synthetic liposomes, bacterial vectors, viral particles, and mammalian exosomes have delivered cancer vaccines. In contrast, the use of many of these nanotechnologies produces many issues of cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, and rapid clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Plant-exosome-like nanovesicles (PELNVs) can provide solutions for many of these challenges because they are innocuous and nonimmunogenic when delivering nanomedicines. Hence, this review will describe the potential use of PELNVs to deliver cancer vaccines. In this review, different approaches of cancer vaccine delivery will be detailed, the mechanism of oral vaccination for delivering cancer vaccines will be described, and the review will discuss the use of PELNVs as improved drug delivery systems for cancer vaccines via oral administration while also addressing the subsequent challenges for advancing their usage into the clinical setting.
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19
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Garcia LFC, Wowk PF, Albrecht L. Unraveling the Impact of Extracellular Vesicle-Depleted Serum on Endothelial Cell Characteristics over Time. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4761. [PMID: 38731980 PMCID: PMC11084606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by all kinds of cells, including endothelial cells. It has been observed that EVs present in fetal bovine serum (FBS), broadly used in cell culture, can be a confounding factor and lead to misinterpretation of results. To investigate this phenomenon, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were cultured for 2 or 24 h in the presence of EV-depleted FBS (EVdS). Cell death, gene and protein expression, and the presence of EVs isolated from these cells were evaluated. The uptake of EVs, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression, and monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells exposed to EVs were also evaluated. Our results revealed higher apoptosis rates in cells cultured with EVdS for 2 and 24 h. There was an increase in interleukin 8 (IL8) expression after 2 h and a decrease in interleukin 6 (IL6) and IL8 expression after 24 h of culture. Among the proteins identified in EVs isolated from cells cultured for 2 h (EV2h), several were related to ribosomes and carbon metabolism. EVs from cells cultured for 24 h (EV24h) presented a protein profile associated with cell adhesion and platelet activation. Additionally, HBMECs exhibited increased uptake of EV2h. Treatment of endothelial cells with EV2h resulted in greater ICAM-1 expression and greater adherence to monocytes than did treatment with EV24h. According to our data, HBMEC cultivated with EVdS produce EVs with different physical characteristics and protein levels that vary over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pryscilla Fanini Wowk
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil;
| | - Letusa Albrecht
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Apicomplexa, ICC-Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba 81350-010, PR, Brazil;
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20
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Zhang C, Zheng J, Han X, Zhao J, Cheng S, Li A. Bovine Colostrum miR-30a-5p Targets the NF-κB Signaling Pathway to Alleviate Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38606544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common disease of the digestive system, and an excessive immune response mediated by the nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is an essential etiology. Recent studies have found that bovine milk exosomes can improve intestinal mucosal health by delivering microRNA (miRNA), but the mechanism of action is so far unknown. In the present study, we analyzed the differential expression profiles of miRNA in colostrum and mature milk exosomes using high-throughput sequencing, based on the demonstration that colostrum exosomes inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal epithelial NF-κB inflammatory pathway better than mature milk exosomes. The bta-miR-30a-5p, which is specifically highly expressed in colostrum, was screened, and its predicted target gene TRAM was found to be closely related to the NF-κB signaling pathway by functional enrichment analysis. Further, we used gene overexpression and silencing techniques and found that the bta-miR-30a-5p transfection treatment was confirmed to inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB signaling pathway activation and downstream pro-inflammatory factor expression, while the expression of its potential target gene, TRAM, was also suppressed. It is hypothesized that the high expression of bta-miR-30a-5p in colostrum, which targets TRAM to inhibit the downstream NF-κB inflammatory pathway, may be one of the molecular mechanisms responsible for its superior effect on resisting inflammatory attack compared to mature milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Company Limited, Shanghai 200436, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Shihui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Aili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Company Limited, Shanghai 200436, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
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21
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Luo P, Zhang Y, Huang M, Luo G, Ma Y, Wang X. Microdroplets Encapsulated with NFATc1-siRNA and Exosomes-Derived from MSCs Onto 3D Porous PLA Scaffold for Regulating Osteoclastogenesis and Promoting Osteogenesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3423-3440. [PMID: 38617800 PMCID: PMC11015852 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s443413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporotic-related fractures remains a significant public health concern, thus imposing substantial burdens on our society. Excessive activation of osteoclastic activity is one of the main contributing factors for osteoporosis-related fractures. While polylactic acid (PLA) is frequently employed as a biodegradable scaffold in tissue engineering, it lacks sufficient biological activity. Microdroplets (MDs) have been explored as an ultrasound-responsive drug delivery method, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have shown therapeutic effects in diverse preclinical investigations. Thus, this study aimed to develop a novel bioactive hybrid PLA scaffold by integrating MDs-NFATc1-silencing siRNA to target osteoclast formation and MSCs-exosomes (MSC-Exo) to influence osteogenic differentiation (MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo). Methods Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) were used for exosome isolation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for exosome and MDs morphological characterization, respectively. The MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo scaffold was fabricated through poly(dopamine) and fibrin gel coating. Biocompatibility was assessed using RAW 264.7 macrophages and hBMSCs. Osteoclast formations were examined via TRAP staining. Osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and cytokine expression modulation were also investigated. Results MSC-Exo exhibited a cup-shaped structure and effective internalization into cells, while MDs displayed a spherical morphology with a well-defined core-shell structure. Following ultrasound stimulation, the internalization study demonstrated efficient delivery of bioactive MDs into recipient cells. Biocompatibility studies indicated no cytotoxicity of MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo scaffolds in RAW 264.7 macrophages and hBMSCs. Both MDs-NFATc1/PLA and MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo treatments significantly reduced osteoclast differentiation and formation. In addition, our results further indicated MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo scaffold significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and modulated cytokine expression. Discussion These findings suggest that the bioactive MDs-NFATc1/PLA-Exo scaffold holds promise as an innovative structure for bone tissue regeneration. By specifically targeting osteoclast formation and promoting osteogenic differentiation, this hybrid scaffold may address key challenges in osteoporosis-related fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maodi Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guochen Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology in Colleges and Universities, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology in Colleges and Universities, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Lu Z, Miao X, Zhang C, Sun B, Skardal A, Atala A, Ai S, Gong J, Hao Y, Zhao J, Dai K. An osteosarcoma-on-a-chip model for studying osteosarcoma matrix-cell interactions and drug responses. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:1-16. [PMID: 38173844 PMCID: PMC10761322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Marrow niches in osteosarcoma (OS) are a specialized microenvironment that is essential for the maintenance and regulation of OS cells. However, existing animal xenograft models are plagued by variability, complexity, and high cost. Herein, we used a decellularized osteosarcoma extracellular matrix (dOsEM) loaded with extracellular vesicles from human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSC-EVs) and OS cells as a bioink to construct a micro-osteosarcoma (micro-OS) through 3D printing. The micro-OS was further combined with a microfluidic system to develop into an OS-on-a-chip (OOC) with a built-in recirculating perfusion system. The OOC system successfully integrated bone marrow niches, cell‒cell and cell-matrix crosstalk, and circulation, allowing a more accurate representation of OS characteristics in vivo. Moreover, the OOC system may serve as a valuable research platform for studying OS biological mechanisms compared with traditional xenograft models and is expected to enable precise and rapid evaluation and consequently more effective and comprehensive treatments for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - XiangWan Miao
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Songtao Ai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JiaNing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Ikeda T, Kawabori M, Zheng Y, Yamaguchi S, Gotoh S, Nakahara Y, Yoshie E, Fujimura M. Intranasal Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Alleviates Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:446. [PMID: 38675108 PMCID: PMC11053690 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury arises from inadequate oxygen delivery to the brain, commonly occurring following cardiac arrest, which lacks effective treatments. Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of exosomes released from mesenchymal stem cells. Given the challenge of systemic dilution associated with intravenous administration, intranasal delivery has emerged as a promising approach. In this study, we investigate the effects of intranasally administered exosomes in an animal model. Exosomes were isolated from the cell supernatants using the ultracentrifugation method. Brain injury was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats through a transient four-vessel occlusion model. Intranasal administration was conducted with 3 × 108 exosome particles in 20 µL of PBS or PBS alone, administered daily for 7 days post-injury. Long-term cognitive behavioral assessments, biodistribution of exosomes, and histological evaluations of apoptosis and neuroinflammation were conducted. Exosomes were primarily detected in the olfactory bulb one hour after intranasal administration, subsequently distributing to the striatum and midbrain. Rats treated with exosomes exhibited substantial improvement in cognitive function up to 28 days after the insult, and demonstrated significantly fewer apoptotic cells along with higher neuronal cell survival in the hippocampus. Exosomes were found to be taken up by microglia, leading to a decrease in the expression of cytotoxic inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Ikeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Masahito Kawabori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Yuyuan Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Sho Yamaguchi
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Laboratories, Kaneka, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan;
| | - Shuho Gotoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Yo Nakahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Erika Yoshie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
| | - Miki Fujimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Hokkaido, Japan; (T.I.); (Y.Z.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (E.Y.); (M.F.)
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24
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Yu Y, Su Y, Wang G, Lan M, Liu J, Garcia Martin R, Brandao BB, Lino M, Li L, Liu C, Kahn CR, Meng Q. Reciprocal communication between FAPs and muscle cells via distinct extracellular vesicle miRNAs in muscle regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316544121. [PMID: 38442155 PMCID: PMC10945765 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316544121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a complex process relying on precise teamwork between multiple cell types, including muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs). FAPs are also the main source of intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). Muscles without FAPs exhibit decreased IMAT infiltration but also deficient muscle regeneration, indicating the importance of FAPs in the repair process. Here, we demonstrate the presence of bidirectional crosstalk between FAPs and MuSCs via their secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing distinct clusters of miRNAs that is crucial for normal muscle regeneration. Thus, after acute muscle injury, there is activation of FAPs leading to a transient rise in IMAT. These FAPs also release EVs enriched with a selected group of miRNAs, a number of which come from an imprinted region on chromosome 12. The most abundant of these is miR-127-3p, which targets the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor S1pr3 and activates myogenesis. Indeed, intramuscular injection of EVs from immortalized FAPs speeds regeneration of injured muscle. In late stages of muscle repair, in a feedback loop, MuSCs and their derived myoblasts/myotubes secrete EVs enriched in miR-206-3p and miR-27a/b-3p. The miRNAs repress FAP adipogenesis, allowing full muscle regeneration. Together, the reciprocal communication between FAPs and muscle cells via miRNAs in their secreted EVs plays a critical role in limiting IMAT infiltration while stimulating muscle regeneration, hence providing an important mechanism for skeletal muscle repair and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Yang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Guoxiao Wang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Miaomiao Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Ruben Garcia Martin
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Bruna Brasil Brandao
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Marsel Lino
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
| | - C. Ronald Kahn
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Qingyong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing100193, China
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25
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Boudna M, Campos AD, Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Machackova T, Slaby O, Souckova K. Strategies for labelling of exogenous and endogenous extracellular vesicles and their application for in vitro and in vivo functional studies. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:171. [PMID: 38461237 PMCID: PMC10924393 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive overview of labelling strategies for endogenous and exogenous extracellular vesicles, that can be utilised both in vitro and in vivo. It covers a broad spectrum of approaches, including fluorescent and bioluminescent labelling, and provides an analysis of their applications, strengths, and limitations. Furthermore, this article presents techniques that use radioactive tracers and contrast agents with the ability to track EVs both spatially and temporally. Emphasis is also placed on endogenous labelling mechanisms, represented by Cre-lox and CRISPR-Cas systems, which are powerful and flexible tools for real-time EV monitoring or tracking their fate in target cells. By summarizing the latest developments across these diverse labelling techniques, this review provides researchers with a reference to select the most appropriate labelling method for their EV based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Boudna
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andres Delgado Campos
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tana Machackova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamila Souckova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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26
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Long Y, Yang B, Lei Q, Gao F, Chen L, Chen W, Chen S, Ren W, Cao Y, Xu L, Wu D, Qu J, Li H, Yu Y, Zhang A, Wang S, Chen W, Wang H, Chen T, Chen Z, Li Q. Targeting Senescent Alveolar Epithelial Cells Using Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles To Treat Pulmonary Fibrosis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7046-7063. [PMID: 38381372 PMCID: PMC10919282 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cell (AEC2) senescence is crucial to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-consuming enzyme cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a marker of senescent cells and is highly expressed in AEC2s of patients with PF, thus rendering it a potential treatment target. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a cell-free treatment with clinical application prospects in antiaging and antifibrosis treatments. Herein, we constructed CD38 antigen receptor membrane-modified MSC-EVs (CD38-ARM-MSC-EVs) by transfecting MSCs with a lentivirus loaded with a CD38 antigen receptor-CD8 transmembrane fragment fusion plasmid to target AEC2s and alleviate PF. Compared with MSC-EVs, the CD38-ARM-MSC-EVs engineered in this study showed a higher expression of the CD38 antigen receptor and antifibrotic miRNAs and targeted senescent AEC2s cells highly expressing CD38 in vitro and in naturally aged mouse models after intraperitoneal administration. CD38-ARM-MSC-EVs effectively restored the NAD+ levels, reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype, and rejuvenated senescent A549 cells in vitro, thereby mitigating multiple age-associated phenotypes and alleviating PF in aged mice. Thus, this study provides a technology to engineer MSC-EVs and support our CD38-ARM-MSC-EVs to be developed as promising agents with high clinical potential against PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoying Long
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bianlei Yang
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qian Lei
- West
China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department
of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department
of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Wenlan Chen
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenxiang Ren
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liuyue Xu
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - He Li
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yali Yu
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Anyuan Zhang
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Key
Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central
Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Department
of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Hubei Engineering
Research Center for Application of Extracellular Vesicle, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Department
of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiubai Li
- Department
of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering
Research Center for Application of Extracellular Vesicle, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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27
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Wu D, Chen S, Huang D, Huang Z, Zhen N, Zhou Z, Chen J. circ-Amotl1 in extracellular vesicles derived from ADSCs improves wound healing by upregulating SPARC translation. Regen Ther 2024; 25:290-301. [PMID: 38318480 PMCID: PMC10839578 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to explore the mechanism of circ- AMOT-like protein 1 (Amotl1) in extracellular vesicles (Evs) derived from adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) regulating SPARC translation in wound healing process. Methods The morphology, wound healing rate of the wounds and Ki67 positive rate in mouse wound healing models were assessed by H&E staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The binding of IGF2BP2 and SPARC was verified by RNA pull-down. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) were isolated and verified. The Evs from ADSCs (ADSC-Evs) were analyzed. Results Overexpression of SPARC can promote the wound healing process in mouse models. IGF2BP2 can elevate SPARC expression to promote the proliferation and migration of HSFs. circ-Amotl1 in ADSC-Evs can increase SPARC expression by binding IGF2BP2 to promote the proliferation and migration of HSFs. Conclusion ADSC-Evs derived circ-Amotl1 can bind IGF2BP2 to increase SPARC expression and further promote wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhou Wu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Shengyi Chen
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Na Zhen
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhenxu Zhou
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Jicai Chen
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, PR China
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28
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Miron RJ, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 1-Characterization, quantification and isolation techniques. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:231-256. [PMID: 37740431 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with a diameter in the range of 30-150 nm. Their use has gained great momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as diagnostic tools with a vast array of therapeutic applications. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. This review article first focuses on understanding exosomes, including their cellular origin, biogenesis, function, and characterization. Thereafter, overviews of the quantification methods and isolation techniques are given with discussion over their potential use as novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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29
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Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O'Driscoll L, Buzas EI, Blenkiron C, Bussolati B, Cai H, Di Vizio D, Driedonks TAP, Erdbrügger U, Falcon‐Perez JM, Fu Q, Hill AF, Lenassi M, Lim SK, Mahoney MG, Mohanty S, Möller A, Nieuwland R, Ochiya T, Sahoo S, Torrecilhas AC, Zheng L, Zijlstra A, Abuelreich S, Bagabas R, Bergese P, Bridges EM, Brucale M, Burger D, Carney RP, Cocucci E, Colombo F, Crescitelli R, Hanser E, Harris AL, Haughey NJ, Hendrix A, Ivanov AR, Jovanovic‐Talisman T, Kruh‐Garcia NA, Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino V, Kyburz D, Lässer C, Lennon KM, Lötvall J, Maddox AL, Martens‐Uzunova ES, Mizenko RR, Newman LA, Ridolfi A, Rohde E, Rojalin T, Rowland A, Saftics A, Sandau US, Saugstad JA, Shekari F, Swift S, Ter‐Ovanesyan D, Tosar JP, Useckaite Z, Valle F, Varga Z, van der Pol E, van Herwijnen MJC, Wauben MHM, Wehman AM, Williams S, Zendrini A, Zimmerman AJ, MISEV Consortium, Théry C, Witwer KW. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12404. [PMID: 38326288 PMCID: PMC10850029 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 203.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Welsh
- Translational Nanobiology Section, Laboratory of PathologyNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah C. I. Goberdhan
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive HealthUniversity of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Trinity St. James's Cancer InstituteTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Edit I. Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell‐ and ImmunobiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HCEMM‐SU Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research GroupSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tom A. P. Driedonks
- Department CDL ResearchUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- University of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Juan M. Falcon‐Perez
- Exosomes Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in BiosciencesBasque Research and Technology AllianceDerioSpain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
| | - Qing‐Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andrew F. Hill
- Institute for Health and SportVictoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Metka Lenassi
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
- Paracrine Therapeutics Pte. Ltd.SingaporeSingapore
- Department of Surgery, YLL School of MedicineNational University SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Mỹ G. Mahoney
- Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell FacilityAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong S.A.R.
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Susmita Sahoo
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ana C. Torrecilhas
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Bioquímica de Fungos e Protozoários, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e FarmacêuticasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Campus DiademaDiademaBrazil
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of PathologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- GenentechSouth San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah Abuelreich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Reem Bagabas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
- National Center for Gene Therapy and Drugs based on RNA TechnologyPaduaItaly
| | - Esther M. Bridges
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Marco Brucale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Dylan Burger
- Kidney Research CentreOttawa Hopsital Research InstituteOttawaCanada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Randy P. Carney
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Federico Colombo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical SciencesSahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Edveena Hanser
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | | | - Norman J. Haughey
- Departments of Neurology and PsychiatryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Human Structure and RepairGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Alexander R. Ivanov
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tijana Jovanovic‐Talisman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nicole A. Kruh‐Garcia
- Bio‐pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Academic Resource Center (BioMARC)Infectious Disease Research Center, Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Vroniqa Ku'ulei‐Lyn Faustino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Diego Kyburz
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Department of RheumatologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionInstitute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kathleen M. Lennon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Adam L. Maddox
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elena S. Martens‐Uzunova
- Erasmus MC Cancer InstituteUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of UrologyRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel R. Mizenko
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lauren A. Newman
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Rohde
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University HospitalSalzburger Landeskliniken GmbH of Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- GMP Unit, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Transfer Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Theralytic Technologies, EV‐TTSalzburgAustria
| | - Tatu Rojalin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Expansion Therapeutics, Structural Biology and BiophysicsJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Andrew Rowland
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Andras Saftics
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ursula S. Sandau
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Julie A. Saugstad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Faezeh Shekari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Celer DiagnosticsTorontoCanada
| | - Simon Swift
- Waipapa Taumata Rau University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Dmitry Ter‐Ovanesyan
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired EngineeringHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Juan P. Tosar
- Universidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
- Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideoUruguay
| | - Zivile Useckaite
- College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia
| | - Francesco Valle
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ‐ Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiBolognaItaly
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseFlorenceItaly
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Biological Nanochemistry Research GroupInstitute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation BiologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Edwin van der Pol
- Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location AMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn J. C. van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marca H. M. Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrea Zendrini
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI)FlorenceItaly
| | - Alan J. Zimmerman
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932PSL UniversityParisFrance
- CurieCoreTech Extracellular Vesicles, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- EV Core Facility “EXCEL”, Institute for Basic Biomedical SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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30
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Dong S, Xu G, Li X, Guo S, Bai J, Zhao J, Chen L. Exosomes Derived from Quercetin-Treated Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Progression of Osteoarthritis Through Delivering miR-124-3p to Chondrocytes. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:85-94. [PMID: 38241502 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by the progressive loss of cartilage and failure of the diarrheal joint. Quercetin has been reported to attenuate the development of OA. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes are involved in OA progression. However, the role of BMSC-derived exosomes in quercetin-mediated progression of OA remains unclear. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were used to assess protein and mRNA levels, respectively. CCK8 assay was performed to assess cell viability, and cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to assess the relationship between miR-124-3p and TRAF6 expression. Furthermore, in vivo experiments were performed to test the function of exosomes derived from Quercetin-treated BMSCs in OA patients. IL-1β significantly inhibited the viability of chondrocytes, whereas the conditioned medium of Quercetin-treated BMSCs (BMSCsQUE-CM) reversed this phenomenon through exosomes. IL-1β notably upregulated MMP13 and ADAMT5 and reduced the expression of COL2A1 in chondrocytes, which were rescued by BMSCsQUE-CM. The effects of BMSCsQUE-CM on these three proteins were reversed in the absence of exosomes. Exosomes can be transferred from BMSCs to chondrocytes, and exosomes derived from Quercetin-treated BMSCs (BMSCsQue-Exo) can reverse the apoptotic effects of IL-1β on chondrocytes. The level of miR-124-3p in BMSCs was significantly upregulated by quercetin, and miR-124-3p was enriched in BMSCsQue-Exo. TRAF6 was identified as a direct target of miR-124-3p, and BMSCsQue-Exo abolished the IL-1β-induced activation of MAPK/p38 and NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, BMSCsQue-Exo significantly attenuated OA progression in vivo. Exosomes derived from Quercetin-treated BMSCs inhibited OA progression through the upregulation of miR-124-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Genrong Xu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjun Guo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyang Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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31
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Schneider N, Hermann PC, Eiseler T, Seufferlein T. Emerging Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Gastrointestinal Cancer Research and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:567. [PMID: 38339318 PMCID: PMC10854789 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovered in the late eighties, sEVs are small extracellular nanovesicles (30-150 nm diameter) that gained increasing attention due to their profound roles in cancer, immunology, and therapeutic approaches. They were initially described as cellular waste bins; however, in recent years, sEVs have become known as important mediators of intercellular communication. They are secreted from cells in substantial amounts and exert their influence on recipient cells by signaling through cell surface receptors or transferring cargos, such as proteins, RNAs, miRNAs, or lipids. A key role of sEVs in cancer is immune modulation, as well as pro-invasive signaling and formation of pre-metastatic niches. sEVs are ideal biomarker platforms, and can be engineered as drug carriers or anti-cancer vaccines. Thus, sEVs further provide novel avenues for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review will focus on the role of sEVs in GI-oncology and delineate their functions in cancer progression, diagnosis, and therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Schneider
- Department for Internal Medicine 1, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (P.C.H.); (T.S.)
| | | | - Tim Eiseler
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (T.E.); Tel.: +49-731-500-44678 (N.S.); +49-731-500-44523 (T.E.)
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32
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Haroon K, Zheng H, Wu S, Liu Z, Tang Y, Yang GY, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Engineered exosomes mediated targeted delivery of neuroprotective peptide NR2B9c for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Int J Pharm 2024; 649:123656. [PMID: 38040392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuroprotection is one of the core treatment strategies for brain injuries including traumatic brain injury (TBI). NR2B9c is a promising neuroprotective peptide but its clinical translation is limited because of poor brain penetrability. Exosomes are naturally occurring nanovesicles having therapeutic potential for TBI as well as an efficient drug delivery carrier to the brain. Here, we engineered exosomes with neuron targeting peptide rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG29) via bio-orthogonal click chemistry technique and loaded it with NR2B9c, developing RVG-ExoNR2B9c. RVG29 conjugated exosome had higher neuron targeting efficiency compared to naïve exosomes both in vivo and in vitro. RVG-ExoNR2B9c had great cytoprotective effect against oxygen glucose deprived Neuro2a cells. Intravenous administration of RVG-ExoNR2B9c significantly improved behavioral outcomes and reduced the lesion volume after TBI injury in a mice controlled cortical impact model. Due to their multifunctionality and significant efficacy, we anticipate that RVG-ExoNR2B9c have the potential to be translated both as therapeutic agent as well as cargo delivery system to the brain for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Haroon
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shengju Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Yingli Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Ilvonen P, Pusa R, Härkönen K, Laitinen S, Impola U. Distinct targeting and uptake of platelet and red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles into immune cells. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 3:e130. [PMID: 38938679 PMCID: PMC11080822 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Blood-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great therapeutic potential. As blood contains mixed EV populations, it is challenging to study EVs originating from different cells separately. Blood cell concentrates manufactured in blood banks offer an excellent non-invasive source of blood cell-specific EV populations. To study blood cell-specific EVs, we isolated EVs from platelet (TREVs) and red blood cell (EryEVs) concentrates and characterized them using nanoparticle tracking analysis, imaging flow cytometry, electron microscopy and western blot analysis and co-cultured them with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our aim was to use imaging flow cytometry to investigate EV interaction with PBMCs as well as study their effects on T-lymphocyte populations to better understand their possible biological functions. As a conclusion, TREVs interacted with PBMCs more than EryEVs. Distinctively, TREVs were uptaken into CD11c+ monocytes rapidly and into CD19+ B-lymphocytes in 24 h. EryEVs were not uptaken into CD11c+ monocytes before the 24-h time point, and they were only seen on the surface of lymphocytes. Neither TREVs nor EryEV were uptaken into CD3+ T-lymphocytes and no effect on T-cell populations was detected. We have previously seen similar differences in targeting PC-3 cancer cells. Further studies are needed to address the functional properties of blood cell concentrate-derived EVs. This study demonstrates that imaging flow cytometry can be used to study the distinctive differences in the interaction and uptake of EVs. Considering our current and previous results, EVs present a new valuable component for the future development of blood-derived therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reetta Pusa
- Finnish Red Cross Blood ServiceHelsinkiFinland
| | | | | | - Ulla Impola
- Finnish Red Cross Blood ServiceHelsinkiFinland
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Steinman D, Kirian RD, Zierden HC. Multiple Particle Tracking: A Method for Probing Biologically Relevant Mobility of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2843:137-152. [PMID: 39141298 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4055-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are produced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. These biological nanoparticles transport small molecules, nucleic acids, and proteins, enabling communication with both bacterial and mammalian cells. bEVs can evade and disrupt biological barriers, and their lipid membranes protect their cargo from degradation, facilitating long-distance communication in vivo. Furthermore, bacteria are easily manipulated and easily cultured. These combined factors make bEVs an ideal candidate for drug delivery applications. Thus, the study of how bEVs interact with biological barriers is interesting from both a signaling and drug delivery perspective. Here we describe methods for tracking bEV motion in biological matrices ex vivo. We outline methods for growth, isolation, quantification, and labeling, as well as techniques for tracking bEV motion ex vivo and quantifying these data. The methods described here are relevant to bEV communication with host cells as well as drug delivery applications using bEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darby Steinman
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Kirian
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Hannah C Zierden
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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35
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Jin Y, Sun L, Chen Y, Lu Y. The homologous tumor-derived-exosomes loaded with miR-1270 selectively enhanced the suppression effect for colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6936. [PMID: 38197582 PMCID: PMC10807586 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC), known as prevalent cancer, has risen to be the leading cause of cancer-related death. Engineered exosomes had attracted much attention since they acted as carriers to deliver small molecule drugs, therapeutic nucleic acids, and polypeptides to treat a series of cancers. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we found that the PKH-26 labeled exosomes, which were derived from the CRC cells, could be efficiently absorbed by SW1116 cells and had an abundant fluorescence distribution in tumors, compared with the exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and HepG2 cells. This Research demonstrated that engineered CRC-exosomes loaded with functional miR-1270 (Exo-miR-1270) enriched in miR-1270 strongly inhibited the proliferation by CCK-8 and EdU assays, migration by wound-healing and transwell assays, and promoted the apoptosis for CRC cells through flow cytometry. MiR-1270 overexpression delivered by CRC exosomes contributed to inhibiting the tumor growth potential of CRC in vivo and increasing the overall survival of the mice. Moreover, the safety evaluation results showed that CRC-exosomes loaded with functional miR-1270-mimics had no toxicity for other organs by histopathological analysis and no influence on the vital chemistry and hematology parameters for mice in vivo safety evaluation. CONCLUSION These results indicate that Exo-miR-1270 can effectively treat CRC tumors by intravenous administration. Our work provided a foundation that the homologous tumor-derived exosomes mediated miRNA delivery for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Jin
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Liying Sun
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
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36
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Yıldırım MR, Kırbaş OK, Abdik H, Şahin F, Avşar Abdik E. The emerging role of breast cancer derived extracellular vesicles-mediated intercellular communication in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. Med Oncol 2023; 41:30. [PMID: 38148465 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most occurring cancer types in women worldwide and metastasizes to several organs such as bone, lungs, liver, brain, and ovaries. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling which has a profound effect on tumor development and metastasis. Recent developments in the field of EVs provide an opportunity to investigate the roles of EVs released from tumor cells in metastasis. In this study, we compared the effects of metastatic breast cancer-derived EVs on both nonluteinized granulosa HGrC1 and ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells in terms of proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and gene expression levels. EVs were isolated from the culture medium of metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by ultracentrifugation. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and cellular uptake analysis were performed to clarify the roles of tumor-derived EVs in both cells. 6.85 × 108 nanoparticles of BCD-EVs were markedly increased cell proliferation as well as invasion capacity. Exposing the cells with BCD-EVs for 24 h, resulted in an accumulation of both cells in G2/M phase as determined by flow cytometry. The apoptosis assay results were consistent with cell proliferation and cell cycle results. The uptake of the BCD-EVs was efficiently internalized by both cells. In addition, marked variations in fatty acid composition between cells were observed. BCD-EVs appeared new fatty acids in HGrC1. Besides, BCD-EVs upregulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation-related genes. In conclusion, an environment of tumor-derived EVs changes the cellular phenotype of cancer and noncancerous cells and may lead to tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Rahime Yıldırım
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Kaan Kırbaş
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Abdik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Avşar Abdik
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
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37
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Esmati PZ, Baharara J, Sahab-Negah S, Shahrokhabadi KN. Leukemia-derived Exosomes Can Induce Responses Related to Tumorigenesis on Non-tumoral Astrocytes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7624-7637. [PMID: 37067679 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second cause of disability and death worldwide. Identifying communication between cancer cells and normal cells can shed light on the underlying metastatic mechanisms. Among different suspected mechanisms, exosomes derived from cancer cells have been introduced as a main key player in metastatic processes. To this point, we evaluated the effects of exosomes derived from the leukemia nalm6 cell line on astrocytes behavior, such as proliferation and inflammatory pathways. To assess astrocyte responses, data were obtained by MTT, Annexin/PI to indicate proliferation and apoptosis. Further analyses were performed by Real-time PCR and western blot to assess the expression of IL6, IL1β, NFkβ, TNFα, and aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Our results demonstrated that the proliferation of astrocytes was significantly increased when treated with exosomes derived from Nalm6 cells. We also found that the expression of IL6, IL1β, NFkβ, and TNFα were significantly increased at the mRNA level when exposed to exosomes derived from Nalm6 cells. Finally, the mRNA and protein levels of AQP4 were profoundly increased after being treated by exosomes derived from Nalm6 cells. To sum up, our data indicated that the secretion of cancer cells could induce responses related to tumorigenesis. However, further studies on this topic are warranted to clarify exosomes' role in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Baharara
- Research Center for Animal Development Applied Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sajad Sahab-Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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38
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Lv S, Wang G, Dai L, Wang T, Wang F. Cellular and Molecular Connections Between Bone Fracture Healing and Exosomes. Physiol Res 2023; 72:565-574. [PMID: 38015756 PMCID: PMC10751053 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is a multifaceted process that requires various phases and intercellular interactions. In recent years, investigations have been conducted to assess the feasibility of utilizing exosomes, small extracellular vesicles (EVs), to enhance and accelerate the healing process. Exosomes serve as a cargo transport platform, facilitating intercellular communication, promoting the presentation of antigens to dendritic cells, and stimulating angiogenesis. Exosomes have a special structure that gives them a special function, especially in the healing process of bone injuries. This article provides an overview of cellular and molecular processes associated with bone fracture healing, as well as a survey of existing exosome research in this context. We also discuss the potential use of exosomes in fracture healing, as well as the obstacles that must be overcome to make this a viable clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Sinopharm China Railway Engineering Corporation Central Hospital, Hefei, China.
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Peng J, He J, Lin L, Li Y, Xia Y. Neural Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Carrying YBX1 Inhibited Neuronal Pyroptosis Through Increasing m6A-modified GPR30 Stability and Expression in Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01210-z. [PMID: 37966628 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-derived EVs) alleviated ischemic stroke (IS) by suppressing the activation of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeats family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and neuronal pyroptosis. However, the specific mechanism needs further investigation. qRT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence detected related gene expression. Immunofluorescent analyzed the expression of Ki-67, βIII-Tubulin (Tuj1), and GFAP. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and IL-1β and IL-18 levels were analyzed by LDH and ELISA kits. TTC staining evaluated the infarction of brain tissues. Flow cytometric analysis measured caspase-1 activity. M6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation PCR (MeRIP-PCR) measured methylation levels of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). RIP and Co-IP analyzed the interactions of Y box binding protein (YBX1)/GPR30, YBX1/IGF2BP1 and NLRP3/speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP), as well as the ubiquitination levels of NLRP3. NSC-derived EVs inhibited the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats and the neuronal pyroptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Knockdown of EVs carrying YBX1 or GPR30 silencing abolished these inhibiting effects. GPR30 mRNA and IGF2BP1 protein were enriched by YBX1 antibody. YBX1 enhanced the stability of m6A-modified GPR30 by interacting with IGF2BP1 and thus promoting GPR30 expression. Knockdown of IGF2BP1 suppressed the binding between YBX1 and GPR30 mRNA. GPR30 promoted NLRP3 ubiquitination by interacting with SPOP. EVs carrying YBX1 could reduce the infarction of brain tissues and inhibit neuronal pyroptosis in rats with I/R injury. NSC-derived EVs carrying YBX1 increased the stability of m6A-modified GPR30 by interacting with IGF2BP1; the upregulation of GPR30 inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through promoting NLRP3 ubiquitination by SPOP, ultimately suppressing the neuronal pyroptosis in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China
| | - You Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China.
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Meng W, Wang L, Du X, Xie M, Yang F, Li F, Wu ZE, Gan J, Wei H, Cao C, Lu S, Cao B, Li L, Li L, Zhu G. Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles constitute a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery. J Control Release 2023; 363:235-252. [PMID: 37739016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic carriers owing to their ideal size range and intrinsic biocompatibility. However, limited targeting ability has caused major setbacks in the clinical application of EV therapeutics. To overcome this, we genetically engineered natural free streptavidin (SA) on the cellular surface of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and obtained typical EVs from these cells (BMSC-EVs). Biotin-coated gold nanoparticles confirmed the expression of SA on the membrane of EVs, which has a high affinity for biotinylated molecules. Using a squamous cell carcinoma model, we demonstrated that a pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide -modification of BMSC-EVs achieved targetability in the microenvironment of a hypoxic tumor to deliver anti-tumor drugs. Using EGFR+HER2- and EGFR-HER2+ breast cancer models, we demonstrated that anti-EGFR and anti-HER2 modifications of BMSC-EVs were able to specifically deliver drugs to EGFR+ and HER2+ tumors, respectively. Using a collagen-induced arthritis model, we confirmed that anti-IL12/IL23-modified BMSC-EVs specifically accumulated in the arthritic joint and alleviated inflammation. Administration of SA-overexpressing BMSC-EVs has limited immunogenicity and high safety in vivo, suggesting that BMSC-derived EVs are ideal drug delivery vehicle. These representative scenarios of targeting modification suggest that, using different biotinylated molecules, the SA-overexpressing BMSC-EVs could be endowed with different targetabilities, which allows BMSC-EVs to serve as a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery under various situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xueyu Du
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhe Xie
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanxuan E Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Jianguo Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Lu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Bangrong Cao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Guiquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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41
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Lozano‐Andrés E, Enciso‐Martinez A, Gijsbers A, Ridolfi A, Van Niel G, Libregts SFWM, Pinheiro C, van Herwijnen MJC, Hendrix A, Brucale M, Valle F, Peters PJ, Otto C, Arkesteijn GJA, Wauben MHM. Physical association of low density lipoprotein particles and extracellular vesicles unveiled by single particle analysis. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12376. [PMID: 37942918 PMCID: PMC10634195 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in blood plasma are recognized as potential biomarkers for disease. Although blood plasma is easily obtainable, analysis of EVs at the single particle level is still challenging due to the biological complexity of this body fluid. Besides EVs, plasma contains different types of lipoproteins particles (LPPs), that outnumber EVs by orders of magnitude and which partially overlap in biophysical properties such as size, density and molecular makeup. Consequently, during EV isolation LPPs are often co-isolated. Furthermore, physical EV-LPP complexes have been observed in purified EV preparations. Since co-isolation or association of LPPs can impact EV-based analysis and biomarker profiling, we investigated the presence and formation of EV-LPP complexes in biological samples by using label-free atomic force microscopy, cryo-electron tomography and synchronous Rayleigh and Raman scattering analysis of optically trapped particles and fluorescence-based high sensitivity single particle flow cytometry. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact on flow cytometric analysis in the presence of LPPs using in vitro spike-in experiments of purified tumour cell line-derived EVs in different classes of purified human LPPs. Based on orthogonal single-particle analysis techniques we demonstrate that EV-LPP complexes can form under physiological conditions. Furthermore, we show that in fluorescence-based flow cytometric EV analysis staining of LPPs, as well as EV-LPP associations, can influence quantitative and qualitative EV analysis. Lastly, we demonstrate that the colloidal matrix of the biofluid in which EVs reside impacts their buoyant density, size and/or refractive index (RI), which may have consequences for down-stream EV analysis and EV biomarker profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Lozano‐Andrés
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Agustin Enciso‐Martinez
- Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Medical Cell Biophysics GroupUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Abril Gijsbers
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of NanoscopyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Andrea Ridolfi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Van Niel
- Institute for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of ParisHopital Saint‐Anne, Université DescartesParisFrance
| | - Sten F. W. M. Libregts
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Cláudio Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer ResearchDepartment of Human Structure and Repair Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Martijn J. C. van Herwijnen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer ResearchDepartment of Human Structure and Repair Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Marco Brucale
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN)Italian National Research Council (CNR)BolognaItaly
| | - Francesco Valle
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN)Italian National Research Council (CNR)BolognaItaly
| | - Peter J. Peters
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Division of NanoscopyMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Cees Otto
- Medical Cell Biophysics GroupUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Ger J. A. Arkesteijn
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Marca H. M. Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Haroon K, Ruan H, Zheng H, Wu S, Liu Z, Shi X, Tang Y, Yang GY, Zhang Z. Bio-clickable, small extracellular vesicles-COCKTAIL therapy for ischemic stroke. J Control Release 2023; 363:585-596. [PMID: 37793483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Delivering large therapeutic molecules via the blood-brain barrier to treat ischemic stroke remains challenging. NR2B9c is a potent neuroprotective peptide but it's safe and targeted delivery to the brain requires an efficient, natural, and non-immunogenic delivery technique. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have shown great potential as a non-immunogenic, natural cargo delivery system; however, tailoring of its inefficient brain targeting is desired. Here, we coupled rabies virus glycoprotein 29 with sEVs surface via bio-orthogonal click chemistry reactions, followed by loading of NR2B9c, ultimately generating stroke-specific therapeutic COCKTAIL (sEVs-COCKTAIL). Primary neurons and Neuro-2a cells were cultured for in vitro and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model was used for in vivo studies to evaluate neuron targeting and anti-ischemic stroke potential of the sEVs-COCKTAIL. Bio-clickable sEVs were selectively taken up by neurons but not glial cells. In the in vitro ischemic stroke model of oxygen-glucose deprivation, the sEVs-COCKTAIL exhibited remarkable potential against reactive oxygen species and cellular apoptosis. In vivo studies further demonstrated the brain targeting and increased half-life of bio-clickable sEVs, delivering NR2B9c to the ischemic brain and reducing stroke injury. Treatment with the sEVs-COCKTAIL significantly increased behavioral recovery and reduced neuronal apoptosis after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. NR2B9c was delivered to neurons binding to post-synaptic density protein-95, inhibiting N-methyl-d-Aspartate receptor-mediated over production of oxidative stress and mitigating protein B-cell lymphoma 2 and P38 proteins expression. Our results provide an efficient and biocompatible approach to a targeted delivery system, which is a promising modality for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Haroon
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huitong Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haoran Zheng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shengju Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yaohui Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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43
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Wang HC, Yin WX, Jiang M, Han JY, Kuai XW, Sun R, Sun YF, Ji JL. Function and biomedical implications of exosomal microRNAs delivered by parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5435-5451. [PMID: 37900996 PMCID: PMC10600808 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i39.5435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (exosomes) are important components of the tumor microenvironment. They are small membrane-bound vesicles derived from almost all cell types and play an important role in intercellular communication. Exosomes transmit biological molecules obtained from parent cells, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and are involved in cancer development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the most abundant contents in exosomes, are selectively packaged into exosomes to carry out their biological functions. Recent studies have revealed that exosome-delivered miRNAs play crucial roles in the tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, exosomes have great industrial prospects in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with HCC. This review summarized the composition and function of exosomal miRNAs of different cell origins in HCC and highlighted the association between exosomal miRNAs from stromal cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the progression of HCC. Finally, we described the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Yin
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Yi Han
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Wang Kuai
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ju-Ling Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Microenvironment and Translational Cancer Research, Science and Technology Bureau of Nantong City, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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44
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Nørgård MØ, Svenningsen P. Acute Kidney Injury by Ischemia/Reperfusion and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15312. [PMID: 37894994 PMCID: PMC10607034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). IRI significantly affects kidney metabolism, which elicits pro-inflammatory responses and kidney injury. The ischemia/reperfusion of the kidney is associated with transient high mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates. Excessive mitochondrial-derived ROS damages cellular components and, together with other pathogenic mechanisms, elicits a range of acute injury mechanisms that impair kidney function. Mitochondrial-derived ROS production also stimulates epithelial cell secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing RNAs, lipids, and proteins, suggesting that EVs are involved in AKI pathogenesis. This literature review focuses on how EV secretion is stimulated during ischemia/reperfusion and how cell-specific EVs and their molecular cargo may modify the IRI process. Moreover, critical pitfalls in the analysis of kidney epithelial-derived EVs are described. In particular, we will focus on how the release of kidney epithelial EVs is affected during tissue analyses and how this may confound data on cell-to-cell signaling. By increasing awareness of methodological pitfalls in renal EV research, the risk of false negatives can be mitigated. This will improve future EV data interpretation regarding EVs contribution to AKI pathogenesis and their potential as biomarkers or treatments for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Per Svenningsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark;
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45
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Russell AC, Bush P, Grigorean G, Kyle DE. Characterization of the extracellular vesicles, ultrastructural morphology, and intercellular interactions of multiple clinical isolates of the brain-eating amoeba, Naegleria fowleri. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264348. [PMID: 37808283 PMCID: PMC10558758 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As global temperatures rise to unprecedented historic levels, so too do the latitudes of habitable niches for the pathogenic free-living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri. This opportunistic parasite causes a rare, but >97% fatal, neurological infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Despite its lethality, this parasite remains one of the most neglected and understudied parasitic protozoans. Methods To better understand amoeboid intercellular communication, we elucidate the structure, proteome, and potential secretion mechanisms of amoeba-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are membrane-bound communication apparatuses that relay messages and can be used as biomarkers for diagnostics in various diseases. Results and Discussion Herein we propose that N. fowleri secretes EVs in clusters from the plasma membrane, from multivesicular bodies, and via beading of thin filaments extruding from the membrane. Uptake assays demonstrate that EVs are taken up by other amoebae and mammalian cells, and we observed a real-time increase in metabolic activity for mammalian cells exposed to EVs from amoebae. Proteomic analysis revealed >2,000 proteins within the N. fowleri-secreted EVs, providing targets for the development of diagnostics or therapeutics. Our work expands the knowledge of intercellular interactions among these amoebae and subsequently deepens the understanding of the mechanistic basis of PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cassiopeia Russell
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Peter Bush
- School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Gabriela Grigorean
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dennis E. Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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46
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Mullen S, Movia D. The role of extracellular vesicles in non-small-cell lung cancer, the unknowns, and how new approach methodologies can support new knowledge generation in the field. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106516. [PMID: 37406971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles released from most human cell types that contain a variety of cargos responsible for mediating cell-to-cell and organ-to-organ communications. Current knowledge demonstrates that EVs also play critical roles in many aspects of the progression of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Their roles range from increasing proliferative signalling to inhibiting apoptosis, promoting cancer metastasis, and modulating the tumour microenvironment to support cancer development. However, due to the limited availability of patient samples, intrinsic inter-species differences between human and animal EV biology, and the complex nature of EV interactions in vivo, where multiple cell types are present and several events occur simultaneously, the use of conventional preclinical and clinical models has significantly hindered reaching conclusive results. This review discusses the biological roles that EVs are currently known to play in NSCLC and identifies specific challenges in advancing today's knowledge. It also describes the NSCLC models that have been used to define currently-known EV functions, the limitations associated with their use in this field, and how New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), such as microfluidic platforms, organoids, and spheroids, can be used to overcome these limitations, effectively supporting future exciting discoveries in the NSCLC field and the potential clinical exploitation of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sive Mullen
- Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity (ARTT), Discipline of Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland; Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dania Movia
- Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity (ARTT), Discipline of Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland; Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, James's Street, Dublin, Ireland.
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47
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Normak K, Papp M, Ullmann M, Paganini C, Manno M, Bongiovanni A, Bergese P, Arosio P. Multiparametric Orthogonal Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles by Liquid Chromatography Combined with In-Line Light Scattering and Fluorescence Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12443-12451. [PMID: 37556360 PMCID: PMC10448444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed biological nanoparticles with potential as diagnostic markers and carriers for therapeutics. Characterization of EVs poses severe challenges due to their complex structure and composition, requiring the combination of orthogonal analytical techniques. Here, we demonstrate how liquid chromatography combined with multi-angle light scattering (MALS) and fluorescence detection in one single apparatus can provide multiparametric characterization of EV samples, including concentration of particles, average diameter of the particles, protein amount to particle number ratio, presence of EV surface markers and lipids, EV shape, and sample purity. The method requires a small amount of sample of approximately 107 EVs, limited handling of the sample and data analysis time in the order of minutes; it is fully automatable and can be applied to both crude and purified samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Normak
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Marcell Papp
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ullmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Paganini
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Manno
- Institute
of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Via Ugo la Malfa 153, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Institute
for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council
of Italy, Via Ugo La
Malfa 153, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Paolo Bergese
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
- Center
for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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48
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Yang N, Zhao C, Kong L, Zhang B, Han C, Zhang Y, Qian X, Qin W. Absolute Quantification of Dynamic Cellular Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles via Lanthanide Element Labeling and ICP-MS. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11934-11942. [PMID: 37527423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are increasingly reported to play important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Cellular uptake of sEVs is of great significance for functional regulation in recipient cells. Although various sEV quantification, labeling, and tracking methods have been reported, it is still highly challenging to quantify the absolute amount of cellular uptake of sEVs and correlate this information with phenotypic variations in the recipient cell. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy using lanthanide element labeling and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the absolute and sensitive quantification of sEVs. This strategy utilizes the chelation interaction between Eu3+ and the phosphate groups on the sEV membrane for specific labeling. sEVs internalized by cells can then be quantified by ICP-MS using a previously established linear relationship between the europium content and the particle numbers. High Eu labeling efficiency and stability were demonstrated by various evaluations, and no structural or functional alterations in the sEVs were discovered after Eu labeling. Application of this method revealed that 4020 ± 171 sEV particles/cell were internalized by HeLa cells at 37 °C and 61% uptake inhibition at 4 °C. Further investigation led to the quantitative differential analysis of sEV cellular uptake under the treatment of several chemical endocytosis inhibitors. A 23% strong inhibition indicated that HeLa cells uptake sEVs mainly through the macropinocytosis pathway. This facile labeling and absolute quantification strategy of sEVs with ppb-level high sensitivity is expected to become a potential tool for studying the functions of sEVs in intracellular communication and cargo transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningli Yang
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Chuanping Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Kong
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Baoying Zhang
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Chunguang Han
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Qian
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Qin
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
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49
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Bao C, Xiang H, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Gao Q, Huang F, Mao L. A Review of Labeling Approaches Used in Small Extracellular Vesicles Tracing and Imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4567-4588. [PMID: 37588627 PMCID: PMC10426735 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s416131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from the endosomal compartment, are a kind of lipid bilayer vesicles released by almost all types of cells, serving as natural carriers of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids for intercellular communication and transfer of bioactive molecules. The current findings suggest their vital role in physiological and pathological processes. Various sEVs labeling techniques have been developed for the more advanced study of the function, mode of action, bio-distribution, and related information of sEVs. In this review, we summarize the existing and emerging sEVs labeling techniques, including fluorescent labeling, radioisotope labeling, nanoparticle labeling, chemical contrast agents labeling, and label-free technique. These approaches will pave the way for an in-depth study of sEVs. We present a systematic and comprehensive review of the principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of these techniques, to help promote applications of these labeling approaches in future research on sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayuan Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxue Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Mondal SK, Haas D, Han J, Whiteside TL. Small EV in plasma of triple negative breast cancer patients induce intrinsic apoptosis in activated T cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:815. [PMID: 37542121 PMCID: PMC10403597 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) in TNBC patients' plasma promote T cell dysfunction and tumor progression. Here we show that tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEX) carrying surface PDL-1, PD-1, Fas, FasL, TRAIL, CTLA-4 and TGF-β1 induce apoptosis of CD8+T and CD4+T cells but spare B and NK cells. Inhibitors blocking TEX-induce receptor/ligand signals and TEX pretreatments with proteinase K or heat fail to prevent T cell apoptosis. Cytochalasin D, Dynosore or Pit Stop 2, partly inhibit TEX uptake but do not prevent T cell apoptosis. TEX entry into T cells induces cytochrome C and Smac release from mitochondria and caspase-3 and PARP cleavage in the cytosol. Expression of survival proteins is reduced in T cells undergoing apoptosis. Independently of external death receptor signaling, TEX entry into T cells induces mitochondrial stress, initiating relentless intrinsic apoptosis, which is responsible for death of activated T cells in the tumor-bearing hosts. The abundance of TEX in cancer plasma represents a danger for adoptively transferred T cells, limiting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Kumar Mondal
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Derick Haas
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Departments of Immunology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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