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Hoisington AJ, Choy K, Khair S, Dyamenahalli KU, Najarro KM, Wiktor AJ, Frank DN, Burnham EL, McMahan RH, Kovacs EJ. Recent alcohol intake impacts microbiota in adult burn patients. Alcohol 2024; 118:25-35. [PMID: 38604285 PMCID: PMC11179986 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use is associated with an increased incidence of negative health outcomes in burn patients due to biological mechanisms that include a dysregulated inflammatory response and increased intestinal permeability. This study used phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in blood, a direct biomarker of recent alcohol use, to investigate associations between a recent history of alcohol use and the fecal microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and inflammatory markers in the first week after a burn injury for nineteen participants. Burn patients were grouped according to PEth levels of low or high and differences in the overall fecal microbial community were observed between these cohorts. Two genera that contributed to the differences and had higher relative abundance in the low PEth burn patient group were Akkermansia, a mucin degrading bacteria that improves intestinal barrier function, and Bacteroides, a potentially anti-inflammatory bacteria. There was no statistically significant difference between levels of short chain fatty acids or intestinal permeability across the two groups. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report to evaluate the effects of burn injury and recent alcohol use on early post burn microbiota dysbiosis, inflammatory response, and levels of short chain fatty acids. Future studies in this field are warranted to better understand the factors associated with negative health outcomes and develop interventional trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Veteran Suicide Prevention, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Choy
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shanawaj Khair
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kiran U Dyamenahalli
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin M Najarro
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Arek J Wiktor
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ellen L Burnham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rachel H McMahan
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Veteran Suicide Prevention, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Veterans Health Administration, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO, USA; Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Ho MF, Zhang C, Cohan JS, Tuncturk M, Heider RM, Coombes BJ, Biernacka J, Moon I, Skime M, Ho AM, Ngo Q, Skillon C, Croarkin PE, Oesterle TS, Karpyak VM, Li H, Weinshilboum RM. IL17RB genetic variants are associated with acamprosate treatment response in patients with alcohol use disorder: A proteomics-informed genomics study. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:304-314. [PMID: 38852760 PMCID: PMC11269006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Acamprosate is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medication for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, only a subset of patients achieves optimal treatment outcomes. Currently, no biological measures are utilized to predict response to acamprosate treatment. We applied our established pharmaco-omics informed genomics strategy to identify potential biomarkers associated with acamprosate treatment response. Specifically, our previous open-label acamprosate clinical trial recruited 442 patients with AUD who were treated with acamprosate for three months. We first performed proteomics using baseline plasma samples to identify potential biomarkers associated with acamprosate treatment outcomes. Next, we applied our established "proteomics-informed genome-wide association study (GWAS)" research strategy, and identified 12 proteins, including interleukin-17 receptor B (IL17RB), associated with acamprosate treatment response. A GWAS for IL17RB concentrations identified several genome-wide significant signals. Specifically, the top hit single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6801605 with a minor allele frequency of 38% in the European American population mapped 4 kilobase (Kb) upstream of IL17RB, and intron 1 of the choline dehydrogenase (CHDH) gene on chromosome 3 (p: 4.8E-20). The variant genotype (AA) for the SNP rs6801605 was associated with lower IL17RB protein expression. In addition, we identified a series of genetic variants in IL17RB that were associated with acamprosate treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the variantgenotypes for all of those IL17RB SNPs were protective for alcohol relapse. Finally, we demonstrated that the basal level of mRNA expression of IL17RB was inversely correlated with those of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits, and a significantly higher expression of NF-κB subunits was observed in AUD patients who relapsed to alcohol use. In summary, this study illustrates that IL17RB genetic variants might contribute to acamprosate treatment outcomes. This series of studies represents an important step toward generating functional hypotheses that could be tested to gain insight into mechanisms underlying acamprosate treatment response phenotypes. (The ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00662571).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fen Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James S Cohan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mustafa Tuncturk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robin M Heider
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brandon J Coombes
- Division of Computational Biology, Quantitative Health Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joanna Biernacka
- Division of Computational Biology, Quantitative Health Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Irene Moon
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michelle Skime
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ada M Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Quyen Ngo
- Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation, Center City, MN, USA
| | | | - Paul E Croarkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tyler S Oesterle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Victor M Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, USA
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Turner BRH, Jenkinson PI, Huttman M, Mullish BH. Inflammation, oxidative stress and gut microbiome perturbation: A narrative review of mechanisms and treatment of the alcohol hangover. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024. [PMID: 38965644 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol is the most widely abused substance in the world, the leading source of mortality in 15-49-year-olds, and a major risk factor for heart disease, liver disease, diabetes, and cancer. Despite this, alcohol is regularly misused in wider society. Consumers of excess alcohol often note a constellation of negative symptoms, known as the alcohol hangover. However, the alcohol hangover is not considered to have long-term clinical significance by clinicians or consumers. We undertook a critical review of the literature to demonstrate the pathophysiological mechanisms of the alcohol hangover. Hereafter, the alcohol hangover is re-defined as a manifestation of sickness behavior secondary to alcohol-induced inflammation, using the Bradford-Hill criteria to demonstrate causation above correlation. Alcohol causes inflammation through oxidative stress and endotoxemia. Alcohol metabolism is oxidative and increased intake causes relative tissue hypoxia and increased free radical generation. Tissue damage ensues through lipid peroxidation and the formation of DNA/protein adducts. Byproducts of alcohol metabolism such as acetaldehyde and congeners, sleep deprivation, and the activation of nonspecific inducible CYP2E1 in alcohol-exposed tissues exacerbate free radical generation. Tissue damage and cell death lead to inflammation, but in the intestine loss of epithelial cells leads to intestinal permeability, allowing the translocation of pathogenic bacteria to the systemic circulation (endotoxemia). This leads to a well-characterized cascade of systemic inflammation, additionally activating toll-like receptor 4 to induce sickness behavior. Considering the evidence, it is suggested that hangover frequency and severity may be predictors of the development of later alcohol-related diseases, meriting formal confirmation in prospective studies. In light of the mechanisms of alcohol-mediated inflammation, research into gut permeability and the gut microbiome may be an exciting future therapeutic avenue to prevent alcohol hangover and other alcohol-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poppy I Jenkinson
- Department of Anaesthetics, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Surrey, UK
| | - Marc Huttman
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Aşır F, Erdemci F, Çankırı Z, Korak T, Başaran SÖ, Kaplan Ö, Yükselmiş Ö, Dönmezdil N, Ayaz H, Kaplan Ş, Tunik S. Zonisamide Ameliorated the Apoptosis and Inflammation in Cerebellar Tissue of Induced Alcohol Addiction Animal Model. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:795. [PMID: 39063550 PMCID: PMC11278003 DOI: 10.3390/life14070795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of zonisamide treatment on cerebellar tissues in an experimental alcohol addiction (AA) model and its potential mechanisms of action, particularly regarding apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham, ethanol (EtOH), and EtOH + zonisamide. AA was induced by administering 6 cc of EtOH orally every 8 h for 4 days. Zonisamide (100 mg/kg) was given to rats once daily before EtOH administration. Motor defects were evaluated using an open field maze. Serum TNF-α levels were measured from blood samples. Cerebellar sections were processed for histological examination and immunostained for APAF-1 and TNF-α. Protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape, and functional annotations were performed with ShinyGO (version 0.80) software. The traveled area in the EtOH group was significantly reduced compared to the sham group (p = 0.0005). Rats in the EtOH + zonisamide group covered a larger area, with zonisamide treatment significantly improving locomotor ability compared to the EtOH group (p = 0.0463). Serum TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in the EtOH group compared to the sham group (p < 0.0001) and were significantly decreased in the EtOH + zonisamide group compared to the EtOH group (p = 0.0309). Regular cerebellar histological layers were observed in the sham group, while EtOH induction caused loss of cerebellar tissue integrity, neuronal degeneration, vascular dilatation and congestion, reduced myelin density, and neuropils in the EtOH group. Zonisamide treatment improved these pathologies, enhancing myelination and neuropil formation. Negative APAF-1 and TNF-α expressions were observed across cerebellar layers in the sham group. Due to EtOH toxicity, APAF-1 and TNF-α expression were upregulated in the EtOH group compared to the sham group (p < 0.001 for both). Zonisamide treatment downregulated these protein expressions in the EtOH + zonisamide group compared to the EtOH group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0087, respectively). APAF-1 was primarily associated with AA through antifolate resistance, endopeptidases, and the interleukin-1 pathway, while TNF-α was predominantly enriched in infections and choline-binding, indicating zonisamide's impact on immune and inflammatory pathways. In conclusion, zonisamide treatment significantly mitigated ethanol-induced cerebellar damage and inflammation in an AA model. Zonisamide improved locomotor function and reduced serum TNF-α levels, as well as APAF-1 and TNF-α expression in cerebellar tissues. These findings suggest that zonisamide exerts its protective effects by modulating immune and inflammatory pathways, thereby preserving cerebellar integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fırat Aşır
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Fikri Erdemci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Çankırı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tuğcan Korak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 41001 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Özdemir Başaran
- Department of Andrology, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 21090 Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Özge Kaplan
- Department of Andrology, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 21090 Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Özkan Yükselmiş
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Diyarbakır Dağ Kapı State Hospital, 21100 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Dönmezdil
- Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, 47200 Mardin, Turkey
| | - Hayat Ayaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Şehmus Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Tunik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Xu H, Kang JH, Choi SE, Park DJ, Kweon SS, Lee YH, Kim HY, Lee JK, Shin MH, Lee SS. Increased alcohol intake is associated with radiographic severity of knee and hand osteoarthritis in men. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12648. [PMID: 38825629 PMCID: PMC11144692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have shown controversial associations between alcohol intake and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigated whether this association was causal using a Mendelian randomization (MR) study in a population-based cohort in Korean. The study enrolled 2429 subjects (1058 men, 1371 women) from the Dong-gu Study. X-rays of the hand and knee joints were scored using a semi-quantitative grading system to calculate the total score of the hand and knee joints. ALDH2 rs671 genotyping was performed by high-resolution melting analysis. MR instrumental variable analysis and observational multivariable regression analysis were used to estimate the association between genetically predicted alcohol intake and the radiographic severity of OA. Subjects with the G/G genotype had a higher current alcohol intake than those with the G/A and A/A genotypes in both men and women (all P < 0.001). Men with the G/G genotype had higher total knee (P < 0.001) and hand scores (P = 0.042) compared to those with the G/A and A/A genotypes after adjusting for age and body mass index, but not in women. In the observational multivariable regression analysis, each alcohol drink per day in men was associated with increased knee (P = 0.001) and hand joint scores (P = 0.013) after adjustment, but not in women. In our MR analysis, utilizing ALDH2 rs671 genotypes as instrumental variables for alcohol consumption, has shown a significant link between each additional daily alcohol drink and increased radiographic joint severity in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimuzi Xu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ji-Hyoun Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Choi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Seog Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
- Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kil Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shin-Seok Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, 42 Jebong-Ro, Dong-Gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
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Melamud MM, Bobrik DV, Brit PI, Efremov IS, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA, Akhmetova EA, Asadullin AR, Ermakov EA. Biochemical, Hematological, Inflammatory, and Gut Permeability Biomarkers in Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome with and without Delirium Tremens. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2776. [PMID: 38792318 PMCID: PMC11121978 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Delirium Tremens (DT) is known to be a serious complication of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Neurotransmitter abnormalities, inflammation, and increased permeability are associated with the pathogenesis of AWS and DT. However, the biomarkers of these conditions are still poorly understood. Methods: In this work, biochemical, hematologic, inflammatory, and gut permeability biomarkers were investigated in the following three groups: healthy controls (n = 75), severe AWS patients with DT (n = 28), and mild/moderate AWS without DT (n = 97). Blood sampling was performed after resolution of the acute condition (on 5 ± 1 day after admission) to collect clinical information from patients and to investigate associations with clinical scales. Biomarker analysis was performed using automated analyzers and ELISA. Inflammatory biomarkers included the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Results: Among the biochemical biomarkers, only glucose, total cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) changed significantly in the analyzed groups. A multiple regression analysis showed that age and ALT were independent predictors of the CIWA-Ar score. Hematologic biomarker analysis showed an increased white blood cell count, and the elevated size and greater size variability of red blood cells and platelets (MCV, RDWc, and PDWc) in two groups of patients. Gut permeability biomarkers (FABP2, LBP, and zonulin) did not change, but were associated with comorbid pathologies (alcohol liver disease and pancreatitis). The increase in inflammatory biomarkers (ESR and PLR) was more evident in AWS patients with DT. Cluster analysis confirmed the existence of a subgroup of patients with evidence of high inflammation, and such a subgroup was more frequent in DT patients. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding of biomarker variability in AWS patients with and without DT and support the heterogeneity of patients by the level of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Melamud
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Daria V. Bobrik
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Polina I. Brit
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ilia S. Efremov
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Valentina N. Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A. Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elvina A. Akhmetova
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Azat R. Asadullin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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7
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Togre NS, Melaka N, Bhoj PS, Mogadala N, Winfield M, Trivedi J, Grove D, Kotnala S, Rom SS, Sriram U, Persidsky Y. Neuroinflammatory Responses and Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Chronic Alcohol Exposure: Role of Purinergic P2X7 Receptor Signaling. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4350949. [PMID: 38766082 PMCID: PMC11100971 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4350949/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption leads to neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, resulting in neurological impairment. We previously demonstrated that ethanol-induced disruption of barrier function in human brain endothelial cells was associated with mitochondrial injury, increased ATP and extracellular vesicle (EV) release, and purinergic receptor P2X7R activation. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of P2X7r blockade on peripheral and neuro-inflammation in EtOH-exposed mice. In a chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE)-exposed mouse model, P2X7R was inhibited by two different methods: Brilliant Blue G (BBG) or gene knockout. We assessed blood ethanol concentration (BEC), plasma P2X7R and P-gp, number of extra-cellular vesicles (EV), serum ATP and EV-ATP levels. Brain microvessel gene expression and EV mtDNA copy numbers were measured by RT2 PCR array and digital PCR, respectively. A RT2 PCR array of brain microvessels revealed significant upregulation of proinflammatory genes involved in apoptosis, vasodilation, and platelet activation in CIE-exposed animals, which were decreased 15-50-fold in BBG-treated CIE-exposed animals. Plasma P-gp levels and serum P2X7R shedding were significantly increased in CIE-exposed animals. Pharmacological or genetic suppression of P2X7R decreased P2X7R shedding to levels equivalent to those in control group. The increase in EV number and EV-ATP content in the CIE-exposed mice was significantly reduced by P2X7R inhibition. CIE mice showed augmented EV-mtDNA copy numbers which were reduced in EVs after P2X7R inhibition or receptor knockout. These observations suggested that P2X7R signaling plays a critical role in ethanol-induced brain injury. Increased eATP, EV-ATP, EV numbers, and EV-mtDNA copy numbers highlight a new mechanism of brain injury during alcohol exposure via P2X7R and biomarkers of such damage. In this study, for the first time, we report the in vivo involvement of P2X7R signaling in CIE-induced brain injury.
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Kim W, Chu JO, Kim DY, Lee SH, Choi CH, Lee KH. Mimicking chronic alcohol effects through a controlled and sustained ethanol release device. J Biol Eng 2024; 18:31. [PMID: 38715085 PMCID: PMC11077717 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-024-00428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption, a pervasive societal issue, poses considerable health risks and socioeconomic consequences. Alcohol-induced hepatic disorders, such as fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis, underscore the need for comprehensive research. Existing challenges in mimicking chronic alcohol exposure in cellular systems, attributed to ethanol evaporation, necessitate innovative approaches. In this study, we developed a simple, reusable, and controllable device for examining the physiological reactions of hepatocytes to long-term alcohol exposure. Our approach involved a novel device designed to continuously release ethanol into the culture medium, maintaining a consistent ethanol concentration over several days. We evaluated device performance by examining gene expression patterns and cytokine secretion alterations during long-term exposure to ethanol. These patterns were correlated with those observed in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Our results suggest that our ethanol-releasing device can be used as a valuable tool to study the mechanisms of chronic alcohol-mediated hepatic diseases at the cellular level. Our device offers a practical solution for studying chronic alcohol exposure, providing a reliable platform for cellular research. This innovative tool holds promise for advancing our understanding of the molecular processes involved in chronic alcohol-mediated hepatic diseases. Future research avenues should explore broader applications and potential implications for predicting and treating alcohol-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Chu
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyung Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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De-Pieri E, Zaccaron RP, Mezzari CG, Cardoso MDM, De Roch Casagrande L, Silveira PCL, Machado-de-Ávila RA. DAP1-2: a synthetic peptide targeting IL-1R1 receptor effectively suppresses IL-1β in vitro. Immunol Res 2024:10.1007/s12026-024-09485-6. [PMID: 38698191 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The pathological manifestation of the inflammatory process primarily stems from the heightened release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, with IL-1β standing out as a pivotal cytokine. The excessive presence of IL-1β disrupts immune signaling, thereby assuming a pathogenic and exacerbating role in the pathophysiology of numerous inflammatory diseases. Regulating IL-1β levels becomes crucial, and the IL-1Ra molecule serves this purpose by binding to the IL-1R1 receptor, thereby impeding the binding of IL-1β. Several pharmaceuticals have entered the market, aiming to neutralize IL-1β's biological function through diverse mechanisms. However, the existing IL-1β inhibitors are recombinant proteins, characterized by a high production cost and limited stability. Therefore, this study aimed to predict a peptide, named DAP1-2, based on the IL-1Ra molecule. DAP1-2 was designed to attenuate responses triggered by IL-1β by blocking the IL-1R1 receptor. The selection of amino acids from the IL-1Ra molecule (PDB: I1RA) that interact with the three domains of the IL-1R1 receptor was performed using Swiss PDB Viewer. After prediction, chemical synthesis was made using the Fmoc-Synthesis technique. The efficacy of DAP1-2 was assessed using RAW 264.7 cells, which were exposed to LPS (5 μg/mL) for 24 h to induce IL-1β expression and treated with the peptides in different concentrations. IL-1β levels were assessed using ELISA, and the gene expression of IL-1β was measured by RT-qPCR, additionally to the viability test. Results revealed a significant reduction in IL-1β levels and gene expression in cells stimulated by LPS and treated with DAP1-2 in different concentrations. Furthermore, the MTT assay confirmed the nontoxic nature of the peptides on the cell lineage. This alternative approach shows promise as an IL-1 inhibitor, due to the stability, ease of production, and cost-effectiveness provided by the use of synthetic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen De-Pieri
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Camille Generoso Mezzari
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Melo Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia E Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Laura De Roch Casagrande
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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10
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Gürbüzer N, Özcan Tozoğlu E. Inflammation, Immunonutritive, and Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Men With Alcohol Use Disorder. Cureus 2024; 16:e59522. [PMID: 38826899 PMCID: PMC11144015 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a significant public health issue associated with serious health risks. This study aims to reveal the relationship between AUD and inflammatory, immunonutritive, and cardiovascular risk markers by evaluating hemogram and biochemistry parameters together in AUD. METHOD The data of 54 male patients with AUD and 45 male controls were included in the study. Sociodemographic-clinical data of the participants and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) results were obtained from medical records. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) was obtained with the platelet x neutrophil/lymphocyte formula; systemic immune response index (SIRI) was obtained with the monocyte x neutrophil/lymphocyte formula, plasma atherogenicity index (AIP) was obtained with the ratio of triglyceride to High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index was obtained with the albumin x lymphocyte/CRP x 104 formula. RESULTS Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) activities, neutrophil, CRP, ferritin, SII, and SIRI levels were significantly higher in those with AUD compared to controls. Laboratory results of those with AUD were consistent with atherogenic dyslipidemia; higher triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and AIP values were found compared to controls. The amount of alcohol consumed was a predictor for high SII, SIRI, and AIP levels. The CALLY index, which evaluates immune function, inflammation, and nutritional status together, was significantly lower in patients compared to controls. The amount of alcohol use and the total AUDIT score were predictors for a low CALLY index. CONCLUSION The results of this study support that AUD is a chronic inflammatory psychiatric disorder. We suggest that new inflammatory, immunonutritive, and cardiovascular biomarkers SII, SIRI, AIP, and CALLY index could be promising clinical tools to evaluate the severity, potential complications, and treatment response of AUD.
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11
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Funchal GA, Schuch JB, Zaparte A, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Viola TW, Grassi-Oliveira R, Bauer ME. Cocaine-use disorder and childhood maltreatment are associated with the activation of neutrophils and increased inflammation. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:97-108. [PMID: 36847141 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine-use disorder (CUD) has been associated with early life adversity and activated cellular immune responses. Women are most vulnerable to complications from chronic substance disorders, generally presenting an intense feeling of abstinence and consuming significant drug amounts. Here, we investigated neutrophil functional activities in CUD, including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and related intracellular signalling. We also investigated the role of early life stress in inflammatory profiles. METHODS Blood samples, clinical data, and history of childhood abuse or neglect were collected at the onset of detoxification treatment of 41 female individuals with CUD and 31 healthy controls (HCs). Plasma cytokines, neutrophil phagocytosis, NETs, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)s were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS CUD subjects had higher scores of childhood trauma than controls. Increased plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-10), neutrophil phagocytosis, and production of NETs were reported in CUD subjects as compared to HC. Neutrophils of CUD subjects also produced high levels of intracellular ROS and had more activated Akt and MAPKs (p38/ERK), which are essential signalling pathways involved in cell survival and NETs production. Childhood trauma scores were significantly associated with neutrophil activation and peripheral inflammation. CONCLUSION Our study reinforces that smoked cocaine and early life stress activate neutrophils in an inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle A Funchal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Zaparte
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, Pulmonary/Critical Care & Allergy/Immunology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago W Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Brain Institute of the Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Moisés E Bauer
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology - Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, DF, Brazil
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12
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Tonetto S, Weikop P, Thomsen M. Nutritional ketosis as treatment for alcohol withdrawal symptoms in female C57BL/6J mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5092. [PMID: 38429369 PMCID: PMC10907582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Upon both acute and prolonged alcohol intake, the brain undergoes a metabolic shift associated with increased acetate metabolism and reduced glucose metabolism, which persists during abstinence, putatively leading to energy depletion in the brain. This study evaluates the efficacy of ketogenic treatments to rescue psychiatric and neurochemical alterations during long-term alcohol withdrawal. Female mice were intermittently exposed to alcohol vapor or air for three weeks, during which mice were introduced to either a ketogenic diet (KD), control diet supplemented with ketone ester (KE) or remained on control diet (CD). Withdrawal symptoms were assessed over a period of four weeks followed by re-exposure using several behavioral and biochemical tests. Alcohol-exposed mice fed CD displayed long-lasting depressive-like symptoms measured by saccharin preference and tail suspension, as well as decreased norepinephrine levels and serotonin turnover in the hippocampus. Both KD and KE rescued anhedonia for up to three weeks of abstinence. KD mice showed higher latency to first immobility in the tail suspension test, as well as lower plasma cholesterol levels. Our findings show promising effects of nutritional ketosis in ameliorating alcohol withdrawal symptoms in mice. KD seemed to better rescue these symptoms compared to KE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Tonetto
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morgan Thomsen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Hovedvejen 17, 1., 2000, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Cao HL, Wei W, Meng YJ, Deng RH, Li XJ, Deng W, Liu YS, Tang Z, Du XD, Greenshaw AJ, Li ML, Li T, Guo WJ. Interactions between overweight/obesity and alcohol dependence impact human brain white matter microstructure: evidence from DTI. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01760-9. [PMID: 38403735 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
There is inconsistent evidence for an association of obesity with white matter microstructural alterations. Such inconsistent findings may be related to the cumulative effects of obesity and alcohol dependence. This study aimed to investigate the possible interactions between alcohol dependence and overweight/obesity on white matter microstructure in the human brain. A total of 60 inpatients with alcohol dependence during early abstinence (44 normal weight and 16 overweight/obese) and 65 controls (42 normal weight and 23 overweight/obese) were included. The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures [fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD)] of the white matter microstructure were compared between groups. We observed significant interactive effects between alcohol dependence and overweight/obesity on DTI measures in several tracts. The DTI measures were not significantly different between the overweight/obese and normal-weight groups (although widespread trends of increased FA and decreased RD were observed) among controls. However, among the alcohol-dependent patients, the overweight/obese group had widespread reductions in FA and widespread increases in RD, most of which significantly differed from the normal-weight group; among those with overweight/obesity, the alcohol-dependent group had widespread reductions in FA and widespread increases in RD, most of which were significantly different from the control group. This study found significant interactive effects between overweight/obesity and alcohol dependence on white matter microstructure, indicating that these two controllable factors may synergistically impact white matter microstructure and disrupt structural connectivity in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Cao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Ya-Jing Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-Hao Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Yan-Song Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Du
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Ming-Li Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Magalhães VCR, Colombo SA, Peres NTA, Moura AS, Lyon AC, Lyon S, Dutra MRT, Fereguetti TO, Andrade VA, Azevedo MI, Santos DA. Clinical factors associated with systemic sporotrichosis in Brazil. Mycoses 2024; 67:e13656. [PMID: 37743555 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sporotrichosis occurs when organs, other than subcutaneous tissues and lymph nodes, are infected. Interestingly, systemic sporotrichosis in apparently immunocompetent individuals is increasing in Brazil, but data on clinical manifestations and risk factors are scarce. Most of the existing data on such condition relate to people living with HIV. We aimed to study the risk factors associated with systemic sporotrichosis among HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study with 80 patients from Brazil, diagnosed between 2014 and 2021. The association between disease classification, clinical presentation and risk factors were analysed by logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 80 patients, 29 (36.3%) presented with systemic sporotrichosis. All HIV-positive patients developed the systemic form, with increased mortality (p = .002). Alcohol ingestion (p = .009) and diabetes (p = .010) were associated with systemic disease. Alcohol ingestion seemed to favour pulmonary infection (p = .013) and, diabetes favoured osteoarticular (p = .009) and ocular involvement (p = .033). The occurrence of fever (p = .001) and weight loss (p = .006) were significantly associated with systemic sporotrichosis, while meningeal involvement (p = .001) increased mortality risk. Nine (11.3%) patients died from sporotrichosis. The presence of fungal structures in the mycological examination of the patients' lesions were associated with the systemic form (p = .017) and death (p = .002). CONCLUSION Our study points to the factors that drive systemic sporotrichosis other than HIV, such as alcohol ingestion and diabetes. Considering the high number of patients presenting severe sporotrichosis, the recognising these factors may contribute to timely diagnosis and proper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa C R Magalhães
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Salene A Colombo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nalu T A Peres
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S Moura
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana C Lyon
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lyon
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria R T Dutra
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiani O Fereguetti
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virginia A Andrade
- Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais (FHEMIG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria I Azevedo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel A Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Icick R, Shadrin A, Holen B, Karadag N, Parker N, O'Connell K, Frei O, Bahrami S, Høegh M, Lagerberg T, Cheng W, Seibert T, Djurovic S, Dale A, Zhou H, Edenberg H, Gelernter J, Smeland O, Hindley G, Andreassen O. Identification of Novel Loci and Cross-Disorder Pleiotropy Through Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Analysis of Alcohol Use Disorder in Over One Million Individuals. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3755915. [PMID: 38196616 PMCID: PMC10775504 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3755915/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly heritable and burdensome worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) can provide new evidence regarding the aetiology of AUD. We report a multi-ancestry GWASs across diverse ancestries focusing on a narrow AUD phenotype, using novel statistical tools in a total sample of 1,041,450 individuals [102,079 cases; European, 75,583; African, 20,689 (mostly African-American); Hispanic American, 3,449; East Asian, 2,254; South Asian, 104; descent]. Cross-ancestry functional analyses were performed with European and African samples. Thirty-seven genome-wide significant loci were identified, of which seven were novel for AUD and six for other alcohol phenotypes. Loci were mapped to genes enriched for brain regions relevant for AUD (striatum, hypothalamus, and prefrontal cortex) and potential drug targets (GABAergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons). African-specific analysis yielded a unique pattern of immune-related gene sets. Polygenic overlap and positive genetic correlations showed extensive shared genetic architecture between AUD and both mental and general medical phenotypes, suggesting they are not only complications of alcohol use but also share genetic liability with AUD. Leveraging a cross-ancestry approach allowed identification of novel genetic loci for AUD and underscores the value of multi-ancestry genetic studies. These findings advance our understanding of AUD risk and clinically-relevant comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Børge Holen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Naz Karadag
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Nadine Parker
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Kevin O'Connell
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | | | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Margrethe Høegh
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Trine Lagerberg
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Weiqiu Cheng
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Tyler Seibert
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Department of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo; NORMENT Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen
| | - Anders Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego
| | | | | | | | - Olav Smeland
- NORMENT Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital
| | - Guy Hindley
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo
| | - Ole Andreassen
- Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo
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16
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Stankevic E, Israelsen M, Juel HB, Madsen AL, Ängquist L, Aldiss PSJ, Torp N, Johansen S, Hansen CD, Hansen JK, Thorhauge KH, Lindvig KP, Madsen BS, Sulek K, Legido-Quigley C, Thiele MS, Krag A, Hansen T. Binge drinking episode causes acute, specific alterations in systemic and hepatic inflammation-related markers. Liver Int 2023; 43:2680-2691. [PMID: 37592403 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent binge drinking is a known contributor to alcohol-related harm, but its impact on systemic and hepatic inflammation is not fully understood. We hypothesize that changes in immune markers play a central role in adverse effects of acute alcohol intake, especially in patients with early liver disease. AIM To investigate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on inflammation-related markers in hepatic and systemic venous plasma in people with alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-eight participants (13 with ArLD, 15 with NAFLD and 10 healthy controls) received 2.5 mL of 40% ethanol per kg body weight via a nasogastric tube. Seventy-two inflammation-related markers were quantified in plasma from hepatic and systemic venous blood, at baseline, 60 and 180 min after intervention. RESULTS Alcohol intervention altered the levels of 31 of 72 and 14 of 72 markers in the systemic and hepatic circulation. All changes observed in the hepatic circulation were also identified in the systemic circulation after 180 min. Only FGF21 and IL6 were increased after alcohol intervention, while the remaining 29 markers decreased. Differences in response to acute alcohol between the groups were observed for 8 markers, and FGF21 response was blunted in individuals with steatosis. CONCLUSION Acute alcohol intoxication induced changes in multiple inflammation-related markers, implicated in alcohol metabolism and hepatocellular damage. Differences identified between marker response to binge drinking in ArLD, NAFLD and healthy controls may provide important clues to disease mechanisms and potential targets for treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT03018990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Stankevic
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Israelsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Helene Baek Juel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Lundager Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ängquist
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Stuart Jacob Aldiss
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Torp
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Stine Johansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Dalby Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Johanne Kragh Hansen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Holtz Thorhauge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Katrine Prier Lindvig
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Staehr Madsen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Maja Sofie Thiele
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Bramness JG, Pandey S, Moe JS, Toft H, Lien L, Walby FA, Myhre MØ, Bolstad I. Levels of IL-6 are Associated with Lifetime Attempted Suicide in Alcohol Use Disorder Patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2141-2148. [PMID: 37849526 PMCID: PMC10578180 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s413101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have an increased risk of suicide. Neuroimmunological measures, such as cytokines, are shown to deviate in people with attempted suicide. Few studies have investigated this among AUD patients. Patients and Methods One-hundred and fourteen patients undergoing residential treatment for AUD were interviewed on lifetime suicide attempts (SA) along with several other background variables and clinical characteristics. Serum blood samples were drawn for analysis of cytokines. Results Thirty-one patients (27%) reported at least one SA. These patients had more symptoms of current affective disorders and more severe dependence. In bivariate analysis only IL-6 and IL-10 appeared to be associated with lifetime SA but without reaching statistical significance. In multivariate linear regression, adjusting for sex, nicotine use, somatic illness, and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, IL-6 was associated to SA (p = 0.033). Conclusion The cytokine IL-6 has repeatedly been found to be associated with suicidality. The present study concurs with this role of IL-6 in a naturalistic observational study of AUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen G Bramness
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Susmita Pandey
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Jenny Skumsnes Moe
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helge Toft
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Lars Lien
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Fredrik A Walby
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Øverlien Myhre
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Bolstad
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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18
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Burnette EM, Grodin EN, Olmstead R, Ray LA, Irwin MR. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with enhanced sensitivity to cellular lipopolysaccharide challenge. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:1859-1868. [PMID: 37864529 PMCID: PMC10830126 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has been associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD). A novel method to characterize AUD-related immune signaling involves probing Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 stimulated monocyte production of intracellular cytokines (ICCs) via lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We evaluated relationships between AUD and ICC production at rest and after LPS stimulation. METHODS We analyzed blood samples from 36 participants (AUD N = 14; Controls N = 22), collected across time, with ICC expression assessed at rest (i.e., unstimulated) and following stimulation with LPS (i.e., a total of 5 repeated unstimulated or stimulated measures/participant). Markers assessed included tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α and IL-6 co-expression, and interferon (IFN). For each marker, we constructed linear mixed models with AUD, LPS, and timepoint as fixed effects (BMI as covariate), allowing for random slope and intercept. AUD × LPS was included as an interaction. RESULTS For TLR4-stimulated monocyte production of TNF-α, there were effects of AUD (p < 0.01), LPS (p < 0.001), and AUD × LPS interaction (p < 0.05), indicating that individuals with AUD showed greater unstimulated- and stimulated monocyte expression of TNF-α. Similarly, for TLR4-stimulated monocyte co-expression of TNF-α and IL-6, there were effects of AUD (p < 0.01), LPS (p < 0.001), and AUD × LPS interaction (p < 0.05). No AUD or LPS effects were found for IL-6. Timepoint effects were observed on IL-6 and TNF-α/IL-6 co-expression (p < 0.001). Finally, for IFN there were also effects of AUD (p < 0.05), LPS (p < 0.001), and AUD × LPS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with AUD showed greater resting or unstimulated levels of intracellular monocyte expression of TNF-α and IL-6/TNF-α co-expression than controls. AUD was associated with increases in TLR4-stimulated monocyte production of TNF-α and co-production of IL-6 and TNF-α. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to investigate relationships between AUD and monocyte production of proinflammatory cytokines, at rest and in response to TLR4 stimulation with LPS. The study extends previous findings on the roles of proinflammatory cytokines in AUD and serves as a critical proof of concept for the use of this method to probe neuroimmune mechanisms underlying AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Burnette
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Erica N. Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Richard Olmstead
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lara A. Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael R. Irwin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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19
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Fernández-Regueras M, Carbonell C, Salete-Granado D, García JL, Gragera M, Pérez-Nieto MÁ, Morán-Plata FJ, Mayado A, Torres JL, Corchete LA, Usategui-Martín R, Bueno-Martínez E, Rojas-Pirela M, Sabio G, González-Sarmiento R, Orfao A, Laso FJ, Almeida J, Marcos M. Predominantly Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype with Mixed M1/M2 Polarization of Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages among Patients with Excessive Ethanol Intake. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1708. [PMID: 37760011 PMCID: PMC10525853 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption impairs the immune system, induces oxidative stress, and triggers the activation of peripheral blood (PB) monocytes, thereby contributing to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We analyzed the M1/M2 phenotypes of circulating classical monocytes and macrophage-derived monocytes (MDMs) in excessive alcohol drinkers (EADs). PB samples from 20 EADs and 22 healthy controls were collected for isolation of CD14+ monocytes and short-term culture with LPS/IFNγ, IL4/IL13, or without stimulation. These conditions were also used to polarize MDMs into M1, M2, or M0 phenotypes. Cytokine production was assessed in the blood and culture supernatants. M1/M2-related markers were analyzed using mRNA expression and surface marker detection. Additionally, the miRNA profile of CD14+ monocytes was analyzed. PB samples from EADs exhibited increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Following short-term culture, unstimulated blood samples from EADs showed higher levels of soluble TNF-α and IL-8, whereas monocytes expressed increased levels of surface TNF-α and elevated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase. MDMs from EADs showed higher levels of TNF-α and CD206 surface markers and increased IL-10 production. LPS/IFNγ induced higher mRNA expression of Nrf2 only in the controls. miRNA analysis revealed a distinctive miRNA profile that is potentially associated with liver carcinogenesis and ALD through inflammation and oxidative stress. This study confirms the predominantly pro-inflammatory profile of PB monocytes among EADs and suggests immune exhaustion features in MDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernández-Regueras
- Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Carbonell
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel Salete-Granado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan-Luis García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos Gragera
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Pérez-Nieto
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León, 42002 Soria, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Morán-Plata
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrea Mayado
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge-Luis Torres
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Complejo Asistencial de Zamora, 49022 Zamora, Spain
| | - Luis-Antonio Corchete
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elena Bueno-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Julia Almeida
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer e Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium of Oncology (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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20
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Niemelä O, Bloigu A, Bloigu R, Nivukoski U, Kultti J, Pohjasniemi H. Patterns of IgA Autoantibody Generation, Inflammatory Responses and Extracellular Matrix Metabolism in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13124. [PMID: 37685930 PMCID: PMC10487441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data have emphasized the role of inflammation and intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In order to further explore such associations, we compared IgA titers against antigens targeted to ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminase with pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators of inflammation, markers of liver status, transferrin protein desialylation and extracellular matrix metabolism in alcohol-dependent patients with or without liver disease and in healthy controls. Serum IgAs against protein adducts with acetaldehyde (HbAch-IgA), the first metabolite of ethanol, and tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA), desialylated transferrin (CDT), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, markers of liver status (GT, ALP) and extracellular matrix metabolism (PIIINP, PINP, hyaluronic acid, ICTP and CTx) were measured in alcohol-dependent patients with (n = 83) or without (n = 105) liver disease and 88 healthy controls representing either moderate drinkers or abstainers. In ALD patients, both tTG-IgA and HbAch-IgA titers were significantly higher than those in the alcoholics without liver disease (p < 0.0005 for tTG-IgA, p = 0.006 for Hb-Ach-IgA) or in healthy controls (p < 0.0005 for both comparisons). The HbAch-IgA levels in the alcoholics without liver disease also exceeded those found in healthy controls (p = 0.0008). In ROC analyses, anti-tTG-antibodies showed an excellent discriminative value in differentiating between ALD patients and healthy controls (AUC = 0.95, p < 0.0005). Significant correlations emerged between tTG-IgAs and HbAch-IgAs (rs = 0.462, p < 0.0005), CDT (rs = 0.413, p < 0.0001), GT (rs = 0.487, p < 0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (rs = 0.466, p < 0.0001), serum markers of fibrogenesis: PIIINP (rs = 0.634, p < 0.0001), hyaluronic acid (rs = 0.575, p < 0.0001), ICTP (rs = 0.482, p < 0.0001), pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (rs = 0.581, p < 0.0001), IL-8 (rs = 0.535, p < 0.0001) and TNF-α (rs = 0.591, p < 0.0001), whereas significant inverse correlations were observed with serum TGF-β (rs = -0.366, p < 0.0001) and CTx, a marker of collagen degradation (rs = -0.495, p < 0.0001). The data indicate that the induction of IgA immune responses toward ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminaseis a characteristic feature of patients with AUD and coincides with the activation of inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling and the generation of aberrantly glycosylated proteins. These processes appear to work in concert in the sequence of events leading from heavy drinking to ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Aini Bloigu
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Infrastructure of Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Ulla Nivukoski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Kultti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Pohjasniemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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21
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Blaine SK, Ridner CM, Campbell BR, Crone L, Claus ED, Wilson JR, West SN, McClanahan AJ, Siddiq AS, Layman IM, Macatee R, Ansell EB, Robinson JL, Beck DT. IL-6, but not TNF-α, response to alcohol cues and acute consumption associated with neural cue reactivity, craving, and future drinking in binge drinkers. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 31:100645. [PMID: 37484196 PMCID: PMC10362517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective and design Preclinical studies suggest learned immune system responses to alcohol cues and consumption may contribute to alcohol's pharmacodynamic properties and/or Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) pathogenesis. Mechanistically, these immune alterations may be associated with increased craving and alcohol consumption, both acutely and over time. We sought to characterize this relationship in a randomized, counter-balanced, crossover neuroimaging experiment which took place between June 2020-November 2021. Methods Thirty-three binge drinkers (BD) and 31 non-binge, social drinkers (SD), matched for demographic and psychological variables, were exposed to alcohol cues and water cues in two separate 7 T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. Each scan was followed by the Alcohol Taste Test (ATT) of implicit motivation for acute alcohol. Craving measures and blood cytokine levels were collected repeatedly during and after scanning to examine the effects of alcohol cues and alcohol consumption on craving levels, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels. A post-experiment one-month prospective measurement of participants' "real world" drinking behavior was performed to approximate chronic effects. Results BD demonstrated significantly higher peak craving and IL-6 levels than SD in response to alcohol cues and relative to water cues. Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (VmPFC) signal change in the alcohol-water contrast positively related to alcohol cue condition craving and IL-6 levels, relative to water cue condition craving and IL-6 levels, in BD only. Additionally, peak craving and IL-6 levels were each independently related to ATT alcohol consumption and the number of drinks consumed in the next month for BD, again after controlling for craving and IL-6 repones to water cues. However, TNF-α release in the alcohol cue condition was not related to craving, neural activation, IL-6 levels, immediate and future alcohol consumption in either group after controlling for water cue condition responses. Conclusions In sum, BD show greater craving and IL-6 release in the alcohol cue condition than SD, both of which were associated with prefrontal cue reactivity, immediate alcohol consumption, and future alcohol consumption over the subsequent 30 days. Alcohol associated immune changes and craving effects on drinking behavior may be independent of one another or may be indicative of a common pathway by which immune changes in BD could influence motivation to consume alcohol. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT04412824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K. Blaine
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Clayton M. Ridner
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Lily Crone
- College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Eric D. Claus
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Juliet R. Wilson
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Summer N. West
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Anna S. Siddiq
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Isaak M.P. Layman
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Richard Macatee
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Emily B. Ansell
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Darren T. Beck
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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22
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Chen K, Wüstenberg T, Stiglbauer V, El-Ahmad L, Rosenthal A, Pelz P, Gold SM, Heinz A, Sebold M. Distinct dynamic behavioural response to social exclusion in male patients with a history of alcohol dependence. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13287. [PMID: 37369124 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Social exclusion contributes to alcohol consumption, whereas the development of alcohol dependence (AD) can in turn lead to the social exclusion of people with AD. Previous research observed altered neural responses to experimentally induced social exclusion (i.e., Cyberball game) in patients with AD. In addition, inflammation has been associated with both social behaviours and AD. Our study aimed to investigate the dynamic behavioural response and the inflammatory effects of social exclusion in male patients with a history of AD. To this end, we analysed dynamic changes in ball tossing during a partial exclusion Cyberball game and the cytokine interleukin (IL)-1b in saliva in 31 male patients who had a history of AD and 29 gender-matched healthy controls without AD. Participants were included in the first 2 min of the Cyberball game and then excluded by one of the two co-players in the proceeding 5 min. Saliva was collected three times: one before and two after the Cyberball game. Across groups, participants passed the ball more often to the excluder during the partial exclusion period. Analysis using piece-wise linear mixed models showed that patients rapidly increased ball tosses to the excluder upon exclusion, which lasted to the late response phase, whereas the early behavioural response to exclusion took longer for controls. There was no significant change of salivary IL-1b level to exclusion in either patients or controls. The results indicate a distinct dynamic behavioural response to social exclusion in male patients with a history of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Core Facility for Neuroscience of Self-Regulation (CNSR), Research Council Field of Focus IV, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Psychological Institute, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria Stiglbauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda El-Ahmad
- Medical Department, Section Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patricia Pelz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan M Gold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Department, Section Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Sebold
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Business and Law, Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences, Aschaffenburg, Germany
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Abstract
The medical disorders of alcoholism rank among the leading public health problems worldwide and the need for predictive and prognostic risk markers for assessing alcohol use disorders (AUD) has been widely acknowledged. Early-phase detection of problem drinking and associated tissue toxicity are important prerequisites for timely initiations of appropriate treatments and improving patient's committing to the objective of reducing drinking. Recent advances in clinical chemistry have provided novel approaches for a specific detection of heavy drinking through assays of unique ethanol metabolites, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) or ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements can be used to indicate severe alcohol problems. Hazardous drinking frequently manifests as heavy episodic drinking or in combinations with other unfavorable lifestyle factors, such as smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet or adiposity, which aggravate the metabolic consequences of alcohol intake in a supra-additive manner. Such interactions are also reflected in multiple disease outcomes and distinct abnormalities in biomarkers of liver function, inflammation and oxidative stress. Use of predictive biomarkers either alone or as part of specifically designed biological algorithms helps to predict both hepatic and extrahepatic morbidity in individuals with such risk factors. Novel approaches for assessing progression of fibrosis, a major determinant of prognosis in AUD, have also been made available. Predictive algorithms based on the combined use of biomarkers and clinical observations may prove to have a major impact on clinical decisions to detect AUD in early pre-symptomatic stages, stratify patients according to their substantially different disease risks and predict individual responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Seinäjoki, Finland.
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Grodin EN, Burnette EM, O’Neill J, Alger J, Ray LA. Alcohol Craving and Severity are Associated with Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Choline Levels in Individuals with an Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Alcohol 2023; 58:289-297. [PMID: 36939375 PMCID: PMC10168708 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been used to probe inflammation in the brain. While altered MRS metabolite levels have previously been found in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), the relationship between potential metabolite markers of inflammation and the clinical correlates of AUD remains understudied. Therefore, this exploratory study sought to elucidate the clinical significance of inflammation in AUD by examining relationships between metabolites, AUD severity, alcohol consumption, and craving in individuals with AUD. METHODS Data for this secondary analysis are derived from a two-week clinical trial of ibudilast to treat AUD. Forty-three non-treatment-seeking individuals with an AUD (26M/17F) completed an MRS scan and alcohol-related questionnaires. MRS was performed using a multi-voxel array placed above the corpus callosum, extending from the pregnenual anterior cingulate to premotor cortex. The dorsal anterior cingulate was selected as the volume of interest. Metabolite levels of choline-compounds (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), and creatine+phosphocreatine (Cr) were quantified. Separate hierarchical regression models were used to evaluate the independent effects of metabolite levels on alcohol craving, alcohol problem severity, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS Dorsal anterior cingulate Cho predicted alcohol craving and alcohol problem severity over and above demographics, medication, and alcohol consumption measures. mI and Cr did not predict alcohol craving or alcohol problem severity. Metabolite markers were not predictive of alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study indicates that dACC Cho is sensitive to clinical characteristics of AUD. This is a further step in advancing neurometabolites, particularly Cho, as potential biomarkers and treatment targets for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Elizabeth M Burnette
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Joseph O’Neill
- Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeffry Alger
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, MC 708522, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Grodin EN, Meredith LR, Burnette EM, Miotto K, Irwin MR, Ray LA. Baseline C-reactive protein levels are predictive of treatment response to a neuroimmune modulator in individuals with an alcohol use disorder: a preliminary study. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:333-344. [PMID: 36282988 PMCID: PMC10840759 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2124918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Inflammation is implicated in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Ibudilast, a neuroimmune modulator, shows promise for the treatment of AUD. Elevated inflammation, indicated by high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), represents a possible subtype of AUD, which may be associated with treatment response to ibudilast.Objectives: The current study evaluated CRP as a predictor of treatment response to ibudilast; hypothesizing that ibudilast would be more effective at reducing drinking and alcohol cue-reactivity in individuals with higher CRP levels.Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial of ibudilast for AUD, which found that ibudilast reduced heavy drinking in individuals with AUD. Fifty-one individuals were randomized to receive ibudilast (n = 24 [16 M/8F]) or placebo (n = 27 [18 M/9F]) for two weeks. Participants provided blood samples at baseline to assess CRP levels, completed daily assessments of alcohol use, and an fMRI alcohol cue-reactivity task at study mid-point. Models tested the effects of medication, CRP levels, and their interaction on drinks per drinking day and alcohol cue-reactivity.Results: There was a significant interaction between medication and CRP (F = 3.80, p = .03), such that the ibudilast high CRP group had fewer drinks per drinking day compared to the ibudilast low CRP group. CRP moderated the effect of medication on brain activation in a cluster extending from the left inferior frontal gyrus to the right-dorsal striatum (Z = 4.55, p < .001). This interaction was driven by attenuated cue-reactivity in the ibudilast high CRP group relative to the ibudilast low CRP and placebo high CRP groups.Conclusions: This study serves as an initial investigation into predictors of clinical response to ibudilast treatment and suggests that a baseline proinflammatory profile may enhance clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N. Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lindsay R. Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Elizabeth M. Burnette
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Karen Miotto
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael R. Irwin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lara A. Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Visontay R, Mewton L, Sunderland M, Bell S, Britton A, Osman B, North H, Mathew N, Slade T. A comprehensive evaluation of the longitudinal association between alcohol consumption and a measure of inflammation: Multiverse and vibration of effects analyses. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 247:109886. [PMID: 37120919 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate alcohol consumption appears to be associated with reduced inflammation. Determining whether this association is robust to common variations in research parameters has wide-reaching implications for our understanding of disease aetiology and public health policy. We aimed to conduct comprehensive multiverse and vibration of effects analyses evaluating the associations between alcohol consumption and a measure of inflammation. METHODS A secondary analysis of the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study was performed, using data from 1970 through 2016. Measurements of alcohol consumption were taken in early/mid-adulthood (ages 34 and 42), and level of inflammation marker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) at age 46. Multiverse analyses were applied to comparisons of low-to-moderate consumption and consumption above various international drinking guidelines with an 'abstinent' reference. Research parameters of interest related to: definitions of drinking and reference groups; alcohol consumption measurement year; outcome variable transformation; and breadth of covariate adjustment. After identifying various analytic options within these parameters and running the analysis over each unique option combination, specification curve plots, volcano plots, effect ranges, and variance decomposition metrics were used to assess consistency of results. RESULTS A total of 3101 individuals were included in the final analyses, with primary analyses limited to those where occasional consumers served as reference. All combinations of research specifications resulted in lower levels of inflammation amongst low-to-moderate consumers compared to occasional consumers (1st percentile effect: -0.21; 99th percentile effect: -0.04). Estimates comparing above-guidelines drinking with occasional consumers were less definitive (1st percentile effect: -0.26; 99th percentile effect: 0.43). CONCLUSIONS The association between low-to-moderate drinking and lower hsCRP levels is largely robust to common variations in researcher-defined parameters, warranting further research to establish whether this relationship is causal. The association between above-guidelines drinking and hsCRP levels is less definitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Visontay
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Level 6, Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, The University of Sydney, NSW2006, Australia.
| | - Louise Mewton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Level 6, Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, The University of Sydney, NSW2006, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Level 1, AGSM (G27), University of New South Wales, Gate 11, Botany Street, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Level 6, Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, The University of Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Steven Bell
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bridie Osman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Level 6, Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, The University of Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Hayley North
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW2031, Australia
| | - Nisha Mathew
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW2031, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, Level 6, Jane Foss Russell Building, G02, The University of Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
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Liou YJ, Wang TY, Lee SY, Chang YH, Tsai TY, Chen PS, Huang SY, Tzeng NS, Lee IH, Chen KC, Yang YK, Hong JS, Lu RB. Effects of comorbid alcohol use disorder on bipolar disorder: Focusing on neurocognitive function and inflammatory markers. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 152:106083. [PMID: 36934699 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a highly prevalent comorbid disorder in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Both BD and AUD were found to be associated with inflammation and cognitive deficits, but few study has been done on BD comorbid with AUD (BD+AUD). We aimed to investigate the impacts of comorbid AUD and BD on cognitive function, inflammatory and neurotrophic markers. METHOD We recruited 641 BD patients, 150 patients with BD+AUD, and 185 healthy controls (HC). Neuropsychological tests [Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), continuous performance test (CPT), and Wechsler memory scale - third edition (WMS-III)] and cytokine plasma levels [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] were assessed. RESULTS BD+AUD patients had worse cognitive performance than those without AUD. There was a significant difference in the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and BDNF (P < 0.001, <0.001, and 0.01, respectively) between the patients and the HC groups. Post hoc analysis showed that BD+AUD patients had higher levels of TNF-α and IL-8 than BD-only patients (P < 0.001). Additionally, plasma IL-8 levels were negatively associated with number of completed categories in WCST (P = 0.02), and TNF-α levels were negatively associated with visual immediate index in WMS-III (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that comorbid AUD and BD might worsen cognitive impairments and inflammatory processes. Further longitudinal studies on BD+AUD may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ju Liou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I Hui Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kao Chin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Shyong Hong
- Neurobiology Laboratory, NIH/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Yanjiao Furen Hospital, Hebei, China
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Mednova IA, Levchuk LA, Boiko AS, Roschina OV, Simutkin GG, Bokhan NA, Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Cytokine level in patients with mood disorder, alcohol use disorder and their comorbidity. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:243-253. [PMID: 35818961 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2095439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Because alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often accompanied by mood disorder (MD) and both alcoholism and depression result in activation of the immune system, this study compares serum cytokine levels in the presence of co-morbidity with those in either AUD or MD alone. METHODS In this naturalistic prospective study the levels of 15 different cytokines were measured in serum samples of patients with MD (n = 43), participants with combined AUD-MD (n = 44) and AUD without MD (n = 42). The levels were compared cross-sectionally among themselves and with those in 50 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Pro-inflammatory IFN-2α levels were consistently significantly higher and anti-inflammatory IL-1RA significantly lower in all study groups in comparison to healthy volunteers. In the MD only group we found increased IL-6 (p = 0.001), IL-7 (p = 0.001) and IL-13 (p = 0.006) levels, and decreased TNFα (p = 0.0001), IL-1RA (p = 0.012), IL-10 (p = 0.002) compared with group MD + AUD. Patients with AUD only showed elevated levels of IL-1β (p = 0.046), IL-2 (p = 0.004), IL-7 (p = 0.0001), IL-4 (p = 0.049) and IL-13 (p = 0.015) in contrast with MD + AUD group. CONCLUSIONS Because the interactions of alcohol with peripheral and cerebral immune systems are multifaceted, the pertinent connection to the mechanism how alcohol consumption contributes to the development of mood disorders cannot be properly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Mednova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila A Levchuk
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiia S Boiko
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Roschina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - German G Simutkin
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy Department, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anton J M Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy Department, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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Carlson ER, Guerin SP, Nixon K, Fonken LK. The neuroimmune system - Where aging and excess alcohol intersect. Alcohol 2023; 107:153-167. [PMID: 36150610 PMCID: PMC10023388 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As the percentage of the global population over age 65 grows, and with it a subpopulation of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), understanding the effect of alcohol on the aged brain is of utmost importance. Neuroinflammation is implicated in both natural aging as well as alcohol use, and its role in alterations to brain morphology and function may be exacerbated in aging individuals who drink alcohol to excess. The neuroimmune response to alcohol in aging is complex. The few studies investigating this issue have reported heightened basal activity and either hypo- or hyper-reactivity to an alcohol challenge. This review of preclinical research will first introduce key players of the immune system, then explore changes in neuroimmune function with aging or alcohol alone, with discussion of vulnerable brain regions, changes in cytokines, and varied reactions of microglia and astrocytes. We will then consider different levels of alcohol exposure, relevant animal models of AUD, and neuroimmune activation by alcohol across the lifespan. By identifying key findings, challenges, and targets for future research, we hope to bring more attention and resources to this underexplored area of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Carlson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Steven P Guerin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Laura K Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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Herrera-Imbroda J, Flores-López M, Ruiz-Sastre P, Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente C, Bordallo-Aragón A, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Mayoral-Cleríes F. The Inflammatory Signals Associated with Psychosis: Impact of Comorbid Drug Abuse. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020454. [PMID: 36830990 PMCID: PMC9953424 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosis and substance use disorders are two diagnostic categories whose association has been studied for decades. In addition, both psychosis spectrum disorders and drug abuse have recently been linked to multiple pro-inflammatory changes in the central nervous system. We have carried out a narrative review of the literature through a holistic approach. We used PubMed as our search engine. We included in the review all relevant studies looking at pro-inflammatory changes in psychotic disorders and substance use disorders. We found that there are multiple studies that relate various pro-inflammatory lipids and proteins with psychosis and substance use disorders, with an overlap between the two. The main findings involve inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, endocannabinoids, eicosanoids, lysophospholipds and/or bacterial products. Many of these findings are present in different phases of psychosis and in substance use disorders such as cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamines, alcohol and nicotine. Psychosis and substance use disorders may have a common origin in an abnormal neurodevelopment caused, among other factors, by a neuroinflammatory process. A possible convergent pathway is that which interrelates the transcriptional factors NFκB and PPARγ. This may have future clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Herrera-Imbroda
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - María Flores-López
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Paloma Ruiz-Sastre
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-S.); (C.G.-S.-L.)
| | - Carlos Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-S.); (C.G.-S.-L.)
| | - Antonio Bordallo-Aragón
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Fermín Mayoral-Cleríes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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31
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Adams C, Perry N, Conigrave J, Hurzeler T, Stevens J, Yacou Dunbar KP, Sweeney A, Lee K, Sutherland G, Haber P, Morley KC. Central markers of neuroinflammation in alcohol use disorder: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging, cerebral spinal fluid, and postmortem studies. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:197-208. [PMID: 36852781 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS There is emerging evidence that heavy long-term alcohol consumption may alter the neuroimmune profile. We conducted a meta-analysis of the association between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the extent of neuroinflammation using cerebrospinal (CSF), PET (Positron Emission Tomography), and postmortem studies. DESIGN AND METHODS A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) for AUD-related terms in combination with neuroinflammatory markers and cytokine- and chemokine-related terms for CSF, PET, and postmortem studies. Participants had to meet established criteria for AUD and/or heavy alcohol consumption with dependence features and be compared with healthy controls. Papers retrieved were assessed for inclusion criteria and a critical appraisal was completed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A meta-analysis was conducted on postmortem and PET studies. RESULTS Eleven papers met the inclusion criteria with CSF, PET, and postmortem studies included in the final analysis. Postmortem studies demonstrate significant heterogeneity (𝑄 (14) = 62.02, 𝑝 < 0.001), with the alcohol group showing higher levels of neuroimmune markers than controls (𝑑 = 1.50 [95% CI 0.56, 2.45]). PET studies demonstrated a lower [11 C] PBR28 total volume of distribution (V T ) for translocator protein in the hippocampus (g = -1.95 [95% CI -2.72, -1.18], p < 0.001) of the alcohol group compared to controls. CONCLUSION There is emerging evidence across multiple diagnostic modalities that alcohol impacts neuroimmune signaling in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Adams
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nina Perry
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Conigrave
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tristan Hurzeler
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julia Stevens
- NSW Brain Tissue Resource Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristiane P Yacou Dunbar
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alicia Sweeney
- NSW Brain Tissue Resource Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kylie Lee
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Greg Sutherland
- NSW Brain Tissue Resource Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Haber
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kirsten C Morley
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Quintana-Sosa M, León-Mejía G, Narváez DM, Suarez-Arnedo A, Restrepo HGD, De Moya YS, Ruiz-Benitez M, Valencia KF, Trindade C, Miranda-Guevara A, Dias J, Henriques JAP, da Silva J. Association of buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMNCyt) biomarkers with inorganic element concentration and genetic polymorphisms in welders. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104025. [PMID: 36460284 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Welding fumes are classified as carcinogenic to humans. The aim of the present study was to measure buccal micronucleus cytome assay biomarkers and to evaluate their association with inorganic elements and genetic polymorphisms (XRCC1, OGG1, XRCC3, GSTM1, and GSTT1) in welders (n = 98) and control individuals (n = 100). Higher levels of DNA damage and cell death were observed in the exposed group. Also, a significant correlation between the frequency of micronuclei and Na, Si, Cl, Ti, Cr, Zn and Mg concentrations. The formation of micronuclei, binucleated cells, cell death was associated with polymorphisms in repair pathways. The OGG1Ser326Cys and XRCC3 241Thr/Met genotypes were associated with cell death. Individuals with GSTM1 null genotype had a higher frequency of micronuclei. These results demonstrate that the deleterious effects of exposure to welding fumes are exacerbated by lifestyle habits, and genetic polymorphisms can influence DNA damage and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Quintana-Sosa
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Grethel León-Mejía
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Diana M Narváez
- Laboratorio de Genética Humana, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Yurina Sh De Moya
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Martha Ruiz-Benitez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Karen Franco Valencia
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Alvaro Miranda-Guevara
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Johnny Dias
- Laboratório de Implantação Iônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA) & Universidade La Salle (UniLaSalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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Blood Cell Responses Following Heavy Alcohol Consumption Coincide with Changes in Acute Phase Reactants of Inflammation, Indices of Hemolysis and Immune Responses to Ethanol Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112738. [PMID: 36361528 PMCID: PMC9656529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrations in blood cells are common among heavy alcohol drinkers. In order to shed further light on such responses, we compared blood cell status with markers of hemolysis, mediators of inflammation and immune responses to ethanol metabolites in alcohol-dependent patients at the time of admission for detoxification and after abstinence. Blood cell counts, indices of hemolysis (LDH, haptoglobin, bilirubin), calprotectin (a marker of neutrophil activation), suPAR, CD163, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies against protein adducts with acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, were measured from alcohol-dependent patients (73 men, 26 women, mean age 43.8 ± 10.4 years) at baseline and after 8 ± 1 days of abstinence. The assessments also included information on the quantities of alcohol drinking and assays for biomarkers of alcohol consumption (CDT), liver function (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT) and acute phase reactants of inflammation. At baseline, the patients showed elevated values of CDT and biomarkers of liver status, which decreased significantly during abstinence. A significant decrease also occurred in LDH, bilirubin, CD163 and IgA and IgM antibodies against acetaldehyde adducts, whereas a significant increase was noted in blood leukocytes, platelets, MCV and suPAR levels. The changes in blood leukocytes correlated with those in serum calprotectin (p < 0.001), haptoglobin (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.02) and suPAR (p < 0.02). The changes in MCV correlated with those in LDH (p < 0.02), MCH (p < 0.01), bilirubin (p < 0.001) and anti-adduct IgG (p < 0.01). The data indicates that ethanol-induced changes in blood leukocytes are related with acute phase reactants of inflammation and release of neutrophil calprotectin. The studies also highlight the role of hemolysis and immune responses to ethanol metabolites underlying erythrocyte abnormalities in alcohol abusers.
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Caruntu A, Scheau C, Codrici E, Popescu ID, Calenic B, Caruntu C, Tanase C. The Assessment of Serum Cytokines in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: An Observational Prospective Controlled Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185398. [PMID: 36143043 PMCID: PMC9503270 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex interweb of cells and mediators balancing carcinogenesis, inflammation, and the immune response. However, cytokines are not only secreted within the TME but also released by a variety of other cells that do not comprise the TME; therefore, a thorough assessment of humoral changes in OSCC should include the measurement of serum cytokines. Methods: We assessed the role of various serum cytokines in the evolution of OSCC, before and after treatment, versus a control group. We measured the serum concentrations of MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α. Results: Significantly higher values (p < 0.01) were noted for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in the OSCC group before treatment (n = 13) compared with the control group (n = 14), and the increased concentrations persisted after treatment (n = 11). Furthermore, the variations in the values of MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α are correlated both before and after treatment (p < 0.01). In the pretherapeutic group, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations also correlate with IL-1β and IL-10 serum levels (p < 0.01), while in the posttherapeutic group, IL-4 varies with MIP-1α and TNF-α (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In OSCC patients, serum cytokine levels are significantly higher compared with control, but they are not significantly altered by treatment, therefore implying that they are also influenced by systemic factors. The interactions between all involved cytokines and the various pathways they regulate warrant further studies to clarify their definitive roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Codrici
- Biochemistry-Proteomic Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Daniela Popescu
- Biochemistry-Proteomic Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Calenic
- Centre for Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 258 Fundeni Road, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristiana Tanase
- Biochemistry-Proteomic Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, "Titu Maiorescu" University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
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Reverte I, D'Ottavio G, Milella MS, Caprioli D. Sex differences in the immune system: Implications for cocaine relapse. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 104:29-30. [PMID: 35580793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Reverte
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra D'Ottavio
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Caprioli
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.
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Grodin EN, Nieto SJ, Meredith LR, Burnette E, O’Neill J, Alger J, London ED, Miotto K, Evans CJ, Irwin MR, Ray LA. Effects of ibudilast on central and peripheral markers of inflammation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13182. [PMID: 35754106 PMCID: PMC9888600 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ibudilast, a neuroimmune modulator, shows promise as a pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder (AUD). In vivo administration of ibudilast reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in animal models, but its effects on markers of inflammation in humans are unknown. This preliminary study examined the effect of ibudilast on peripheral and potential central markers of inflammation in individuals with AUD. This study also explored the predictive relationship of neurometabolite markers with subsequent drinking in the trial. Non-treatment-seeking individuals with an AUD (n = 52) were randomized to receive oral ibudilast (n = 24) or placebo (n = 28) for 2 weeks. Plasma levels of peripheral inflammatory markers were measured at baseline and after 1 and 2 weeks of medication. At study mid-point, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed to measure potential neurometabolite markers of inflammation: choline-compounds (Cho), myo-inositol (MI) and creatine + phosphocreatine (Cr) in frontal and cingulate cortices from 43 participants (ibudilast: n = 20; placebo: n = 23). The treatment groups were compared on peripheral and central markers. Ibudilast-treated participants had lower Cho in superior frontal white matter and nominally lower MI in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex. Ibudilast-treated participants had nominally lower C-reactive protein levels at visit 2 and nominally lower TNF-α/IL-10 ratios, relative to placebo. C-reactive protein and Cho levels were correlated, controlling for medication. Superior frontal white matter Cho predicted drinking in the following week. Micro-longitudinal ibudilast treatment may induce peripheral and putative central anti-inflammatory responses in patients with AUD. The neurometabolite responses may be associated with reduction in drinking, suggesting an anti-inflammatory component to the therapeutic action of ibudilast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica N. Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Steven J. Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lindsay R. Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Elizabeth Burnette
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Joseph O’Neill
- Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeffry Alger
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, MC 708522, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Edythe D. London
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Karen Miotto
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Christopher J. Evans
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael R. Irwin
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lara A. Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Meredith LR, Grodin EN, Montoya AK, Miranda R, Squeglia LM, Towns B, Evans C, Ray LA. The effect of neuroimmune modulation on subjective response to alcohol in the natural environment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:876-890. [PMID: 35362101 PMCID: PMC10460619 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the promising implications for novel immune therapeutics, few clinical trials have tested these therapies to date. An understanding of how immune pharmacotherapies influence complex alcohol use disorder (AUD) profiles, including subjective response to alcohol, is very limited. Initial findings show that ibudilast, a neuroimmune modulator, reduces rates of heavy drinking and measures of alcohol craving. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of a 2-week clinical trial of ibudilast that enrolled a nontreatment-seeking sample with AUD. Eligible participants (N = 52) were randomized to receive ibudilast or matched placebo and completed daily diary assessments (DDAs) during the 2-week period. Each morning, participants reported on their mood and craving levels both before and during the previous day's drinking episode, as well as stimulation and sedation levels during the previous day's drinking episode. Multilevel models were used to compare the effects of ibudilast and placebo on subjective alcohol response. Exploratory analyses tested whether ibudilast moderated the relationship between daily stimulation/sedation and alcohol intake and whether withdrawal-related dysphoria moderated ibudilast's effects on subjective response. RESULTS Ibudilast did not significantly alter mean levels of stimulation or sedation (p's > 0.05). It did, however, moderate the effect of daily stimulation on drinking (p = 0.045). Ibudilast attenuated alcohol-induced increases in craving compared with placebo (p = 0.047), but not other subjective response measures. Ibudilast significantly tempered daily alcohol-induced changes in urge to drink and positive mood only among individuals without withdrawal-related dysphoria. CONCLUSIONS Ibudilast's effects on subjective alcohol responses appear to be nuanced and perhaps most salient for individuals drinking for positive reinforcement as distinguished from those who drink to feel normal. Consistent with previous findings, reductions in alcohol craving may represent a primary mechanism of ibudilast's effects on drinking. The ecologically valid nature of DDAs provide a clinically useful window into how individuals experience alcohol's effects while taking ibudilast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica N. Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amanda K. Montoya
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Miranda
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- E. P. Bradley Hospital, Riverside, RI, USA
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Brandon Towns
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Evans
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lara A. Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Underwood ML, Park B, Uebelhoer LS, Gu G, Kunkel LE, Korthuis PT, Cook RR, Sekaly RP, Ribeiro SP, Lancioni CL. Chronic Alcohol Exposure Among People Living with HIV Is Associated with Innate Immune Activation and Alterations in Monocyte Phenotype and Plasma Cytokine Profile. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867937. [PMID: 35371104 PMCID: PMC8971672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy, chronic immune activation continues to be observed among individuals with well-controlled HIV viral loads, and is associated with non-AIDS defining morbidities among people living with HIV. Alcohol use disorder impacts a significant proportion of individuals living with HIV, and alcohol exposure is known to damage the intestinal epithelium which may increase translocation of pathogens and their molecular products, driving systemic immune activation and dysregulation. The aim of this study was to determine if adults living with HIV with well-controlled viral loads, who also suffer from alcohol use disorder with and without hepatitis C virus co-infection (n=23), exhibit evidence of advanced systemic immune activation, intestinal damage, and microbial translocation, as compared to adults living with HIV who are not exposed to chronic alcohol or other substances of abuse (n=29). The impact of a 1-month intervention to treat alcohol-use disorder was also examined. Alcohol-use disorder was associated with evidence of advanced innate immune activation, alterations in monocyte phenotype including increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4, increased burden of stimulatory ligands for Toll-like receptor 4, and alterations in plasma cytokine signature, most notably elevations in soluble CD40 ligand and transforming growth factor beta. Alcohol-associated immune activation was more pronounced among individuals with hepatitis C virus co-infection. Although the 1-month intervention to treat alcohol use disorder did not result in significant reductions in the interrogated indicators of immune activation, our findings suggest that chronic alcohol exposure is a major modifiable risk factor for chronic immune activation and dysregulation among people-living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Underwood
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Byung Park
- Knight-Cancer Institute, Department of Biostatistics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Luke S. Uebelhoer
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Geoffrey Gu
- Undergraduate Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lynn E. Kunkel
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Philip T. Korthuis
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Ryan R. Cook
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Rafick Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology & Translational Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Susan Pereira Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology & Translational Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christina L. Lancioni
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Christina L. Lancioni,
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Archer M, Niemelä O, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Leinonen E, Kampman O. The role of alcohol use and adiposity in serum levels of IL-1RA in depressed patients. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:158. [PMID: 35232419 PMCID: PMC8889691 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of Interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), an innate antagonist to pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, has attracted increasing attention due to its potential pathogenic and therapeutic implications in depression. However, the role of alcohol and adiposity in modulating IL-1Ra cytokine pathway in depressed patients has remainned unknown. The aim of this study was to follow the changes in IL-1Ra serum levels in depressed patients with or without simultaneous alcohol use disorder (AUD) and different degrees of adiposity during 6 months of follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 242 patients with depression were followed for 6 months. At baseline 99 patients had simultaneous AUD. Levels of serum IL-1Ra and common mediators of inflammation (IL-6, hs-CRP) were measured. Clinical assessments included Body Mass Index (BMI), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores. RESULTS Significant reductions in clinical symptoms and IL-1Ra were observed during 6-month follow-up. In hierarchical linear regression analysis, the effect of MADRS score, age, gender, and smoking had a combined effect of 2.4% in the model. The effect of AUDIT score increased the effect to 4.2% of variance (p = 0.08), whereas adding BMI increased the effect to 18.5% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Adiposity may influence the IL-1Ra anti-inflammatory response in depressed patients, whereas the effect of alcohol consumption in these patients seems insignificant. These findings should be considered in studies on the role of IL-1Ra in depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION Ostrobothnia Depression Study in ClinicalTrials.gov , Identifier NCT02520271 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Archer
- Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, P.O. Box 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Onni Niemelä
- grid.415465.70000 0004 0391 502XDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Esa Leinonen
- grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, P.O. Box 100, 33014 University of Tampere, and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Kampman
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, P.O. Box 100, 33014 University of Tampere and Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, 33521 Tampere, Finland
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40
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Duong A, Jeong H, El Sabbagh DES, Andreazza AC. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in DSM-5 defined disorders and COVID-19: Evidence from published meta-analyses. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 3:197-203. [PMID: 35103256 PMCID: PMC8793110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) as a global pandemic. At the center of SARS-CoV-2 is the activation of inflammatory markers; remarkably, interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein seem to be consistently elevated in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Here, we showed that increased systemic C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 are common biomarkers of both severe COVID-19 and DSM-5-defined disorders. However, it is not known whether patients with psychiatric disorders with preexisting increased interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein are more vulnerable to severe complications of COVID-19 because of the additive inflammatory processes.
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Karoly HC, Skrzynski CJ, Moe EN, Bryan AD, Hutchison KE. Exploring relationships between alcohol consumption, inflammation, and brain structure in a heavy drinking sample. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:2256-2270. [PMID: 34523725 PMCID: PMC8642310 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with structural brain changes and increased inflammatory signaling throughout the brain and body. Increased inflammation in the brain has been associated with structural damage. Recent studies have also shown that neurofilament light polypeptide (NfL) is released into the systemic circulation following neuronal damage. Although NfL has thus been proposed as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, its connection to alcohol use disorder has not been explored. For this secondary data analysis, we proposed a conceptual model linking alcohol consumption, the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, brain structure, and NfL in heavy drinking participants. METHODS Of the 182 individuals enrolled in this study, 81 participants had usable data on gray matter (GM) thickness and 80 had usable data on white matter (WM) diffusivity. A subset of participants had NfL (n = 78) and IL-6 (n = 117) data. An estimate of GM thickness was extracted from middle frontal brain regions using FreeSurfer. Estimated mean WM diffusivity values were extracted from Tract Based Spatial Statistics. NfL and IL-6 were measured in blood. Regression models were used to test individual linkages in the conceptual model. Based on significant regression results, we created a simplified conceptual model, which we tested using path analysis. RESULTS In regressions, negative relationships emerged between GM and both drinks per drinking day (DPDD) (p = 0.018) and NfL (p = 0.004). A positive relationship emerged between WM diffusivity and DPDD (p = 0.033). IL-6 was not significantly associated with alcohol use, GM or WM. The final path model demonstrated adequate fit to the data and showed significant, negative associations between DPDD and middle frontal gyrus (MFG) thickness, and between MFG thickness and NfL, but the association between DPDD and NfL was not significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show that heavy drinking is associated with lower GM thickness and higher WM diffusivity and that lower GM thickness is associated with higher circulating NfL. The analyses also show that the effects of drinking do not involve the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis C Karoly
- Institute for Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Carillon J Skrzynski
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Erin N Moe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Angela D Bryan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Kent E Hutchison
- Institute for Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Meredith LR, Burnette EM, Grodin EN, Irwin MR, Ray LA. Immune treatments for alcohol use disorder: A translational framework. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 97:349-364. [PMID: 34343618 PMCID: PMC9044974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While the immune system is essential for survival, an excessive or prolonged inflammatory response, such as that resulting from sustained heavy alcohol use, can damage the host and contribute to psychiatric disorders. A growing body of literature indicates that the immune system plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). As such, there is enthusiasm for treatments that can restore healthy levels of inflammation as a mechanism to reduce drinking and promote recovery. In this qualitative literature review, we provide a conceptual rationale for immune therapies and discuss progress in medications development for AUD focused on the immune system as a treatment target. This review is organized into sections based on primary signaling pathways targeted by the candidate therapies, namely: (a) toll-like receptors, (b) phosphodiesterase inhibitors, (c) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, (d) microglia and astrocytes, (e) other immune pharmacotherapies, and (f) behavioral therapies. As relevant within each section, we examine the basic biological mechanisms of each class of therapy and evaluate preclinical research testing the role of the therapy on mitigating alcohol-related behaviors in animal models. To the extent available, translational findings are reviewed with discussion of completed and ongoing randomized clinical trials and their findings to date. An applied and clinically focused approach is taken to identify the potential clinical applications of the various treatments reviewed. We conclude by delineating the most promising candidate treatments and discussing future directions by considering opportunities for immune treatment development and personalized medicine for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay R Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Burnette
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erica N Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Nivukoski U, Bloigu A, Bloigu R, Kultti J, Tuomi H, Niemelä O. Comparison of serum calprotectin, a marker of neutrophil activation, and other mediators of inflammation in response to alcohol consumption. Alcohol 2021; 95:45-50. [PMID: 34228990 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have indicated that heavy alcohol intake stimulates inflammation and impairs the body's ability to regulate inflammation. The aim of this study was to compare changes in neutrophil calprotectin and a wide spectrum of other inflammatory mediators in response to heavy alcohol drinking. METHODS Serum calprotectin (a marker of neutrophil activation), suPAR, CD163, and pro- (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β) cytokines were measured from 61 alcohol-dependent subjects (46 men, 15 women, mean age 43.6 ± 11.0 years) at the time of admission for detoxification and after 8 ± 2 days of abstinence. These biomarkers were also measured from age- and sex-matched healthy controls representing abstainers or light drinkers. The clinical assessments included detailed clinical interviews on the amounts and patterns of alcohol consumption and assays for biomarkers of alcohol consumption (GGT, CDT, MCV, GGT-CDT) and liver function (AST, ALT). RESULTS The subjects with alcohol use disorder showed significantly higher concentrations of serum calprotectin (p < 0.0005), suPAR (p < 0.01), CD163 (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.0005), IL-8 (p < 0.0005), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and IL-10 (p < 0.0005) than healthy controls. These inflammatory mediators, except for CD163, remained elevated after the 8 ± 2-day period of supervised abstinence, which resulted in significant decreases in the biomarkers of alcohol consumption and indices of liver status. The AUC (0.855) for serum calprotectin in differentiating between the heavy drinkers and healthy controls was equal or equivalent with those of the conventional biomarkers of alcohol consumption (GGT:0.835 or CDT:0.803). CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that neutrophil calprotectin is released in response to heavy alcohol intake in a sensitive manner and may be associated with perpetuation of inflammation in patients with alcohol use disorder. Serum calprotectin may also prove to be a useful biomarker for inflammatory activity in alcohol-consuming patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Nivukoski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aini Bloigu
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Johanna Kultti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Tuomi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland.
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Altidor LKP, Bruner MM, Deslauriers JF, Garman TS, Ramirez S, Dirr EW, Olczak KP, Maurer AP, Lamb DG, Otto KJ, Burke SN, Bumanglag AV, Setlow B, Bizon JL. Acute vagus nerve stimulation enhances reversal learning in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 184:107498. [PMID: 34332068 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is a prefrontal cortex-dependent neurocognitive process that enables behavioral adaptation in response to changes in environmental contingencies. Electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances several forms of learning and neuroplasticity, but its effects on cognitive flexibility have not been evaluated. In the current study, a within-subjects design was used to assess the effects of VNS on performance in a novel visual discrimination reversal learning task conducted in touchscreen operant chambers. The task design enabled simultaneous assessment of acute VNS both on reversal learning and on recall of a well-learned discrimination problem. Acute VNS delivered in conjunction with stimuli presentation during reversal learning reliably enhanced learning of new reward contingencies. Enhancement was not observed, however, if VNS was delivered during the session but was not coincident with presentation of to-be-learned stimuli. In addition, whereas VNS delivered at 30 HZ enhanced performance, the same enhancement was not observed using 10 or 50 Hz. Together, these data show that acute VNS facilitates reversal learning and indicate that the timing and frequency of the VNS are critical for these enhancing effects. In separate rats, administration of the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine also enhanced reversal learning in the same task, consistent with a noradrenergic mechanism through which VNS enhances cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew M Bruner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Tyler S Garman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saúl Ramirez
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elliott W Dirr
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kaitlynn P Olczak
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew P Maurer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA; Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Damon G Lamb
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA; Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VAMC, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kevin J Otto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Sara N Burke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Argyle V Bumanglag
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Barry Setlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer L Bizon
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Evelyn F. & William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, USA.
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Calleja-Conde J, Echeverry-Alzate V, Bühler KM, Durán-González P, Morales-García JÁ, Segovia-Rodríguez L, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Giné E, López-Moreno JA. The Immune System through the Lens of Alcohol Intake and Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147485. [PMID: 34299105 PMCID: PMC8303153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut is the largest organ with immune function in our body, responsible for regulating the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier. A diverse, complex and dynamic population of microorganisms, called microbiota, which exert a significant impact on the host during homeostasis and disease, supports this role. In fact, intestinal bacteria maintain immune and metabolic homeostasis, protecting our organism against pathogens. The development of numerous inflammatory disorders and infections has been linked to altered gut bacterial composition or dysbiosis. Multiple factors contribute to the establishment of the human gut microbiota. For instance, diet is considered as one of the many drivers in shaping the gut microbiota across the lifetime. By contrast, alcohol is one of the many factors that disrupt the proper functioning of the gut, leading to a disruption of the intestinal barrier integrity that increases the permeability of the mucosa, with the final result of a disrupted mucosal immunity. This damage to the permeability of the intestinal membrane allows bacteria and their components to enter the blood tissue, reaching other organs such as the liver or the brain. Although chronic heavy drinking has harmful effects on the immune system cells at the systemic level, this review focuses on the effect produced on gut, brain and liver, because of their significance in the link between alcohol consumption, gut microbiota and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Calleja-Conde
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
| | - Victor Echeverry-Alzate
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga University, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
- Universidad Nebrija, Campus Madrid-Princesa, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kora-Mareen Bühler
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
| | - Pedro Durán-González
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
| | - Jose Ángel Morales-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM) “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Segovia-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga University, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Elena Giné
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jose Antonio López-Moreno
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.-C.); (V.E.-A.); (K.-M.B.); (P.D.-G.); (L.S.-R.)
- Correspondence:
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Pairing Binge Drinking and a High-Fat Diet in Adolescence Modulates the Inflammatory Effects of Subsequent Alcohol Consumption in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105279. [PMID: 34067897 PMCID: PMC8157004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol binge drinking (BD) and poor nutritional habits are two frequent behaviors among many adolescents that alter gut microbiota in a pro-inflammatory direction. Dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiome are observed after alcohol and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, even before obesity onset. In this study, we investigate the neuroinflammatory response of adolescent BD when combined with a continuous or intermittent HFD and its effects on adult ethanol consumption by using a self-administration (SA) paradigm in mice. The inflammatory biomarkers IL-6 and CX3CL1 were measured in the striatum 24 h after BD, 3 weeks later and after the ethanol (EtOH) SA. Adolescent BD increased alcohol consumption in the oral SA and caused a greater motivation to seek the substance. Likewise, mice with intermittent access to HFD exhibited higher EtOH consumption, while the opposite effect was found in mice with continuous HFD access. Biochemical analyses showed that after BD and three weeks later, striatal levels of IL-6 and CX3CL1 were increased. In addition, in saline-treated mice, CX3CL1 was increased after continuous access to HFD. After oral SA procedure, striatal IL-6 was increased only in animals exposed to BD and HFD. In addition, striatal CX3CL1 levels were increased in all BD- and HFD-exposed groups. Overall, our findings show that adolescent BD and intermittent HFD increase adult alcohol intake and point to neuroinflammation as an important mechanism modulating this interaction.
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May AC, Burrows K, Figueroa-Hall LK, Kirlic N, White EJ, Smith R, Ekhtiari H, Paulus MP, Savitz J, Stewart JL. Sex differences in circulating inflammatory mediators as a function of substance use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108610. [PMID: 33631550 PMCID: PMC8026624 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorders (SUD) with comorbid depression and anxiety are linked to poor treatment outcome and relapse. Although some depressed individuals exhibit elevated blood-based inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and C reactive protein [CRP]), few studies have examined whether the presence of SUD exacerbates inflammation. METHODS Treatment-seeking individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and/or SUD (N = 160; 80 % with MDD) recruited into the Tulsa 1000 study provided blood samples, participated in clinical interviews, and completed a questionnaire battery querying symptoms of current psychopathology and emotional processing. Analyses followed a multistep process. First, groups were created on the presence versus absence of 1+ lifetime SUD diagnoses: SUD+ (37 F, 43 M) and SUD- (60 F, 20 M). Second, a principal component analysis (PCA) of questionnaire data resulted in two factors, one indexing negative emotionality/withdrawal motivation and one measuring positive emotionality/approach motivation. Third, SUD groups, extracted PCA factors, and nuisance covariates (age, body mass index [BMI], nicotine use, psychotropic medication [and hormone/contraception use in females]) were entered as simultaneous predictors of blood-based inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and CRP). RESULTS Within females, SUD + exhibited higher IL-8 and IL-10 but lower CRP levels than SUD-. In contrast, SUD was not associated with biomarker levels in males. Across sexes, higher BMI was linked to higher IL-6 and CRP levels, and within the five biomarkers, IL-6 and CRP shared the most variance. CONCLUSION These findings point to sex-specific inflammatory profiles as a function of SUD that may provide new targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- April C May
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Namik Kirlic
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Evan J White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Ryan Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | | | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Association between chronic psychoactive substances use and systemic inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:208-220. [PMID: 33639179 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the change in inflammation biomarkers level among chronic psychoactive substance users. To meet the required inclusion criteria, all studies had to describe human participants with an age ≥18y., experiencing chronic psychostimulant (nicotine, amphetamine, cocaine), sedative (benzodiazepine, opioids) and/or cannabinoid use. The comparison group was defined as healthy participants. Studies where included if they reported at least one of the pro/inflammatory biomarkers. Study bias was examined by Funnel plots and heterogeneity by computing the I2 statistics. Only 21 eligible studies were selected based on 26,216 study participants. A small and significant effect size of 0.18 mg/l (95 % CI:0.10-0.27) was detected in favour of chronic smokers (z = 4.33;P < 0.0001). There was evidence of publication bias for studies measuring IL-6 and IL-10 association with cocaine and IL-6 in association with cannabis. In summary, except for chronic tobacco users, there was no evidence of association between other chronic substances abuse and inflammatory levels. More studies are needed to inform policy and decision makers about the utility of anti-inflammatory based targeted intervention programmes.
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