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Ueno S, Liu H, Kishino R, Oshikiri Y, Kawaguchi Y, Watanabe A, Kobayashi W, Shimada R. Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Distribution of Oligosaccharides, Pinitol, Soysapapogenol A, and Fatty Acids in Soybean. Foods 2024; 13:2214. [PMID: 39063298 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment (100-600 MPa for 10-60 min) and thermal treatment (boiling for 10-60 min) on oligosaccharides, pinitol, and soyasapogenol A as taste ingredients in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) (cv. Yukihomare) were evaluated. Additionally, soybean-derived fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid in pressurized soybeans were quantitatively analyzed. Sucrose, stachyose, and raffinose concentrations were decreased in all tested pressure and time combinations; however, pinitol concentrations were increased by specific pressure and time combinations at 100-400 MPa for 10-60 min. While the soyasapogenol A content in boiled soybeans decreased with increasing boiling time, that of pressurized soybeans was altered by specific pressure and time combinations. At the lower pressure and shorter time combinations, the essential fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid showed higher contents. Stearic acid and oleic acid contents of pressurized soybeans increased at mild pressure levels (300-500 MPa). In contrast, the combination of higher pressure and longer time results in lower essential fatty acid contents. Non-thermal-pressurized soybeans have the potential to be a high-value food source with better taste due to the enrichment of low molecular weight components such as pinitol, free amino acids, and the reduction of isoflavones and Group A soyasapogenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeaki Ueno
- Faculty of Education, Saitama University, Saitama 3300061, Japan
| | - Hsiuming Liu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
| | - Risa Kishino
- Faculty of Education, Saitama University, Saitama 3300061, Japan
| | - Yuka Oshikiri
- Faculty of Education, Saitama University, Saitama 3300061, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawaguchi
- Faculty of Education, Saitama University, Saitama 3300061, Japan
| | - Akio Watanabe
- Department of Food Science, Jumonji University, Saitama 3528510, Japan
| | - Wataru Kobayashi
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Woman's University, Tokyo 2068511, Japan
| | - Reiko Shimada
- Faculty of Education, Saitama University, Saitama 3300061, Japan
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Mac Sweeney E, Chiocchio I, Mandrone M, Sanna C, Bilo F, Maccarinelli G, Popescu VS, Pucci M, Morandini S, Memo M, Uberti DL, Borgese L, Trincia S, Poli F, Mastinu A, Abate G. Exploring the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential, Metabolite Composition and Inorganic Profile of Cistus monspeliensis L. Aerial Parts and Roots. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:753. [PMID: 39061822 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This work focuses on Cistus monspeliensis L. aerial parts (AP) and roots (R) extracts, investigating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of the two organs in comparison. At dosages between 1.56 and 6.25 µg/mL, both extracts showed a protective effect against LPS inflammatory stimulus on a macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Interestingly, only R was able to significantly reduce both IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA gene expression in the presence of LPS. Moreover, the treatment of a neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) with AP and R at 6.25 µg/mL increased the cell survival rate by nearly 20% after H2O2 insult. However, only R promoted mitochondria survival, exhibited a significantly higher production of ATP and a higher activity of the enzyme catalase than the control. Both AP and R had similar primary metabolites; in particular, they both contained 1-O-methyl-epi-inositol. Labdane and methoxylated flavonoids were the most characteristic compounds of AP, while R contained mainly catechins, gallic acid, and pyrogallol derivatives. Considering the importance of elemental composition in plants, the inorganic profile of AP and R was also investigated and compared. No potentially toxic elements, such as Pb, were detected in any sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Mac Sweeney
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Chiocchio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sanna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabjola Bilo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Maccarinelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Vlad Sebastian Popescu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Pucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Morandini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Letizia Uberti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Borgese
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Trincia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Abate
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Agunbiade VF, Babalola OO. Drought Stress Amelioration Attributes of Plant-Associated Microbiome on Agricultural Plants. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241233442. [PMID: 38464334 PMCID: PMC10924568 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241233442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The future global food security depends on the availability of water for agriculture. Yet, the ongoing rise in nonagricultural uses for water, such as urban and industrial uses, and growing environmental quality concerns have increased pressure of irrigation water demand and posed danger to food security. Nevertheless, its severity and duration are predicted to rise shortly. Drought pressure causes stunted growth, severe damage to photosynthesis activity, loss in crop yield, reduced seed germination, and reduced nutrient intake by plants. To overcome the effects of a devastating drought on plants, it is essential to think about the causes, mechanisms of action, and long-term agronomy management and genetics. As a result, there is an urgent need for long-term medication to deal with the harmful effects of drought pressure. The review focuses on the adverse impact of drought on the plant, physiological, and biochemical aspects, and management measures to control the severity of drought conditions. This article reviews the role of genome editing (GE) technologies such as CRISPR 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) related spaces and short palindromic relapse between proteins in reducing the effects of phytohormones, osmolytes, external compounds, proteins, microbes (plant growth-promoting microorganism [PGPM]), approach omics, and drought on plants that support plant growth. This research is to examine the potential of using the microbiome associated with plants for drought resistance and sustainable agriculture. Researchers also advocate using a mix of biotechnology, agronomic, and advanced GE technologies to create drought-tolerant plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Funso Agunbiade
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Zeb A, Liu W, Ali N, Shi R, Lian Y, Wang Q, Wang J, Li J, Zheng Z, Liu J, Yu M, Liu J. Integrating metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing to investigate the effects of tire wear particles on mung bean plants and soil microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122872. [PMID: 37926408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particles (TWPs) generated by vehicle tires are ubiquitous in soil ecosystems, while their impact on soil biota remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of TWPs (0.1%, 0.7%, and 1.5% of dry soil weight) on the growth and metabolism of mung bean (Vigna radiata) plants over 32 days in soil pots. We found that TWPs-treated soils had high levels of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, there was no significant impact of TWPs exposure on plant growth, suggesting that mung bean plants have a degree of tolerance to TWPs. Despite the lack of impact on plant growth, exposure to TWPs had significant effects on soil enzyme activities, with a decrease of over 50% in urease and dehydrogenase activity. Furthermore, TWPs exposure resulted in marked changes in the plant metabolite profile, including altered levels of sugars, carboxylic acids, and amino acids, indicating altered nitrogen and amino acid-related metabolic pathways. TWPs exposure also disrupted the rhizospheric and bulk soil microbiota, with a decrease in the abundance of bacterial (Blastococcus) and fungal (Chaetomium) genera involved in nitrogen cycles and suppressing plant diseases. In summary, our study provides new insights into the effects of TWPs on plants and soil, highlighting the potential ecological consequences of TWPs pollution in terrestrial ecosystems and underscoring the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurang Zeb
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Nouman Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ruiying Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yuhang Lian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianling Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jinzheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Miao Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianv Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Sikron-Persi N, Granot G, Batushansky A, Toubiana D, Grafi G, Fait A. Mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling reveals functional seasonal shifts in the metabolome of Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss and its relation to environmental conditions. PLANTA 2023; 258:10. [PMID: 37269337 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION A multi-year study of perennial Z. dumosum shows a consistent seasonal pattern in the changes of petiole metabolism, involving mainly organic acids, polyols, phenylpropanoids, sulfate conjugates, and piperazines. GC-MS and UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolite profiling was performed on the petioles of the perennial desert shrub Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss (Zygophyllaceae). The petioles, which are physiologically functional throughout the year and, thus, exposed to seasonal rhythms, were collected every month for 3 years from their natural ecosystem on a southeast-facing slope. Results showed a clear multi-year pattern following seasonal successions, despite different climate conditions, i.e., rainy and drought years, throughout the research period. The metabolic pattern of change encompassed an increase in the central metabolites, including most polyols, e.g., stress-related D-pinitol, organic and sugar acids, and in the dominant specialized metabolites, which were tentatively identified as sulfate, flavonoid, and piperazine conjugates during the summer-autumn period, while significantly high levels of free amino acids were detected during the winter-spring period. In parallel, the levels of most sugars (including glucose and fructose) increased in the petioles at the flowering stage at the beginning of the spring, while most of the di- and tri-saccharides accumulated at the beginning of seed development (May-June). Analysis of the conserved seasonal metabolite pattern of change shows that metabolic events are mostly related to the stage of plant development and its interaction with the environment and less to environmental conditions per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Sikron-Persi
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Gila Granot
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Albert Batushansky
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - David Toubiana
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Gideon Grafi
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Aaron Fait
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 84990, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
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Purdy SJ, Fuentes D, Ramamoorthy P, Nunn C, Kaiser BN, Merchant A. The Metabolic Profile of Young, Watered Chickpea Plants Can Be Used as a Biomarker to Predict Seed Number under Terminal Drought. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112172. [PMID: 37299151 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea is the second-most-cultivated legume globally, with India and Australia being the two largest producers. In both of these locations, the crop is sown on residual summer soil moisture and left to grow on progressively depleting water content, finally maturing under terminal drought conditions. The metabolic profile of plants is commonly, correlatively associated with performance or stress responses, e.g., the accumulation of osmoprotective metabolites during cold stress. In animals and humans, metabolites are also prognostically used to predict the likelihood of an event (usually a disease) before it occurs, e.g., blood cholesterol and heart disease. We sought to discover metabolic biomarkers in chickpea that could be used to predict grain yield traits under terminal drought, from the leaf tissue of young, watered, healthy plants. The metabolic profile (GC-MS and enzyme assays) of field-grown chickpea leaves was analysed over two growing seasons, and then predictive modelling was applied to associate the most strongly correlated metabolites with the final seed number plant-1. Pinitol (negatively), sucrose (negatively) and GABA (positively) were significantly correlated with seed number in both years of study. The feature selection algorithm of the model selected a larger range of metabolites including carbohydrates, sugar alcohols and GABA. The correlation between the predicted seed number and actual seed number was R2 adj = 0.62, demonstrating that the metabolic profile could be used to predict a complex trait with a high degree of accuracy. A previously unknown association between D-pinitol and hundred-kernel weight was also discovered and may provide a single metabolic marker with which to predict large seeded chickpea varieties from new crosses. The use of metabolic biomarkers could be used by breeders to identify superior-performing genotypes before maturity is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Purdy
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, 4 Marsden Park Road, Calala, NSW 2340, Australia
| | - David Fuentes
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Mass Spectrometry, The University of Sydney, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Purushothaman Ramamoorthy
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 12656 Newell Hwy, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | - Christopher Nunn
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Australian Cotton Research Institute, 21888 Kamilaroi Hwy, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | - Brent N Kaiser
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, 380 Werombi Road, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew Merchant
- The School of Life, Earth and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, 380 Werombi Road, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Singer SD, Lehmann M, Zhang Z, Subedi U, Burton Hughes K, Lim NZL, Ortega Polo R, Chen G, Acharya S, Hannoufa A, Huan T. Elucidation of Physiological, Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Salinity Response Mechanisms in Medicago sativa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2059. [PMID: 37653976 PMCID: PMC10221938 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a widely grown perennial leguminous forage crop with a number of positive attributes. However, despite its moderate ability to tolerate saline soils, which are increasing in prevalence worldwide, it suffers considerable yield declines under these growth conditions. While a general framework of the cascade of events involved in plant salinity response has been unraveled in recent years, many gaps remain in our understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process, particularly in non-model yet economically important species such as alfalfa. Therefore, as a means of further elucidating salinity response mechanisms in this species, we carried out in-depth physiological assessments of M. sativa cv. Beaver, as well as transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic evaluations of leaf tissues, following extended exposure to salinity (grown for 3-4 weeks under saline treatment) and control conditions. In addition to the substantial growth and photosynthetic reductions observed under salinity treatment, we identified 1233 significant differentially expressed genes between growth conditions, as well as 60 annotated differentially accumulated metabolites. Taken together, our results suggest that changes to cell membranes and walls, cuticular and/or epicuticular waxes, osmoprotectant levels, antioxidant-related metabolic pathways, and the expression of genes encoding ion transporters, protective proteins, and transcription factors are likely involved in alfalfa's salinity response process. Although some of these alterations may contribute to alfalfa's modest salinity resilience, it is feasible that several may be disadvantageous in this context and could therefore provide valuable targets for the further improvement of tolerance to this stress in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy D. Singer
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Madeline Lehmann
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Udaya Subedi
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Kimberley Burton Hughes
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Z.-L. Lim
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Ortega Polo
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Guanqun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Surya Acharya
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Tao Huan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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8
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Lahuta LB, Szablińska-Piernik J, Stałanowska K, Horbowicz M, Górecki RJ, Railean V, Pomastowski P, Buszewski B. Exogenously Applied Cyclitols and Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Affect the Soluble Carbohydrate Profiles of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Seedling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1627. [PMID: 37111851 PMCID: PMC10145852 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclitols, such as myo-inositol and its isomers and methyl derivatives (i.e., d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol (3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol)), are classified as osmolytes and osmoprotectants and are significantly involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity and cold. Moreover, d-pinitol demonstrates a synergistic effect with glutathione (GSH), increasing its antioxidant properties. However, the role of cyclitols in plant protection against stresses caused by metal nanoparticles is not yet known. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of myo-inositol, d-chiro-inositol and d-pinitol on wheat germination, seedling growth and changes in the profile of soluble carbohydrates in response to biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles ((Bio)Ag NPs). It was found that cyclitols were absorbed by germinating grains and transported within the growing seedlings but this process was disrupted by (Bio)Ag NPs. Cyclitols applied alone induced sucrose and 1-kestose accumulation in seedlings slightly, while (Bio)Ag NP doubled the concentrations of both sugars. This coincided with a decrease in monosaccharides; i.e., fructose and glucose. Cyclitols and (Bio)Ag NPs present in the endosperm resulted in reductions in monosaccharides, maltose and maltotriose, with no effect on sucrose and 1-kestose. Similar changes occurred in seedlings developing from primed grains. Cyclitols that accumulated in grain and seedlings during grain priming with d-pinitol and glutathione did not prevent the phytotoxic effects of (Bio)Ag NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesław B. Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Stałanowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marcin Horbowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ryszard J. Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 1A/103, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Viorica Railean
- Department of Infectious, Invasive Diseases and Veterinary Administration, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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9
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Overexpression of LjPLT3 Enhances Salt Tolerance in Lotus japonicus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065149. [PMID: 36982224 PMCID: PMC10048936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular polyols are used as osmoprotectants by many plants under environmental stress. However, few studies have shown the role of polyol transporters in the tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. Here, we describe the expression characteristics and potential functions of Lotus japonicus polyol transporter LjPLT3 under salt stress. Using LjPLT3 promoter-reporter gene plants showed that LjPLT3 was expressed in the vascular tissue of L. japonicus leaf, stem, root, and nodule. The expression was also induced by NaCl treatment. Overexpression of LjPLT3 in L. japonicus modified the growth rate and saline tolerance of the transgenic plants. The OELjPLT3 seedlings displayed reduced plant height under both nitrogen-sufficient and symbiotic nitrogen fixation conditions when 4 weeks old. The nodule number of OELjPLT3 plants was reduced by 6.7–27.4% when 4 weeks old. After exposure to a NaCl treatment in Petri dishes for 10 days, OELjPLT3 seedlings had a higher chlorophyll concentration, fresh weight, and survival rate than those in the wild type. For symbiotic nitrogen fixation conditions, the decrease in nitrogenase activity of OELjPLT3 plants was slower than that of the wild type after salt treatment. Compared to the wild type, both the accumulation of small organic molecules and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were higher under salt stress. Considering the concentration of lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) in transgenic lines, we speculate that overexpression of LjPLT3 in L. japonicus might improve the ROS scavenging system to alleviate the oxidative damage caused by salt stress, thereby increasing plant salinity tolerance. Our results will direct the breeding of forage legumes in saline land and also provide an opportunity for the improvement of poor and saline soils.
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Metabolic, physiological and anatomical responses of soybean plants under water deficit and high temperature condition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16467. [PMID: 36183028 PMCID: PMC9526742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water deficit (WD) combined with high temperature (HT) is the major factor limiting agriculture worldwide, and it is predicted to become worse according to the current climate change scenario. It is thus important to understand how current cultivated crops respond to these stress conditions. Here we investigated how four soybean cultivars respond to WD and HT isolated or in combination at metabolic, physiological, and anatomical levels. The WD + HT increased the level of stress in soybean plants when compared to plants under well-watered (WW), WD, or HT conditions. WD + HT exacerbates the increases in ascorbate peroxidase activity, which was associated with the greater photosynthetic rate in two cultivars under WD + HT. The metabolic responses to WD + HT diverge substantially from plants under WW, WD, or HT conditions. Myo-inositol and maltose were identified as WD + HT biomarkers and were connected to subnetworks composed of catalase, amino acids, and both root and leaf osmotic potentials. Correlation-based network analyses highlight that the network heterogeneity increased and a higher integration among metabolic, physiological, and morphological nodes is observed under stress conditions. Beyond unveiling biochemical and metabolic WD + HT biomarkers, our results collectively highlight that the mechanisms behind the acclimation to WD + HT cannot be understood by investigating WD or HT stress separately.
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Singh P, Choudhary KK, Chaudhary N, Gupta S, Sahu M, Tejaswini B, Sarkar S. Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1006617. [PMID: 36237504 PMCID: PMC9552866 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1006617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the significant abiotic stresses that influence critical metabolic processes in the plant. Salinity stress limits plant growth and development by adversely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced via salinity stress subsequently alters macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and thus constrains crop productivity. Due to which, a decreasing trend in cultivable land and a rising world population raises a question of global food security. In response to salt stress signals, plants adapt defensive mechanisms by orchestrating the synthesis, signaling, and regulation of various osmolytes and phytohormones. Under salinity stress, osmolytes have been investigated to stabilize the osmotic differences between the surrounding of cells and cytosol. They also help in the regulation of protein folding to facilitate protein functioning and stress signaling. Phytohormones play critical roles in eliciting a salinity stress adaptation response in plants. These responses enable the plants to acclimatize to adverse soil conditions. Phytohormones and osmolytes are helpful in minimizing salinity stress-related detrimental effects on plants. These phytohormones modulate the level of osmolytes through alteration in the gene expression pattern of key biosynthetic enzymes and antioxidative enzymes along with their role as signaling molecules. Thus, it becomes vital to understand the roles of these phytohormones on osmolyte accumulation and regulation to conclude the adaptive roles played by plants to avoid salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Nivedita Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shweta Gupta
- Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Mamatamayee Sahu
- Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Boddu Tejaswini
- Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Subrata Sarkar
- Department of Botany, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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12
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Dominguez PG, Niittylä T. Mobile forms of carbon in trees: metabolism and transport. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:458-487. [PMID: 34542151 PMCID: PMC8919412 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial biomass formation. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms used to transport and allocate C in trees. Sucrose is the major form in which C is transported in plants, and it is found in the phloem sap of all tree species investigated so far. However, in several tree species, sucrose is accompanied by other molecules, notably polyols and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides. We describe the molecules that constitute each of these transport groups, and their distribution across different tree species. Furthermore, we detail the metabolic reactions for their synthesis, the mechanisms by which trees load and unload these compounds in and out of the vascular system, and how they are radially transported in the trunk and finally catabolized during wood formation. We also address a particular C recirculation process between phloem and xylem that occurs in trees during the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. A search of possible evolutionary drivers behind the diversity of C-carrying molecules in trees reveals no consistent differences in C transport mechanisms between angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Furthermore, the distribution of C forms across species suggests that climate-related environmental factors will not explain the diversity of C transport forms. However, the consideration of C-transport mechanisms in relation to tree-rhizosphere coevolution deserves further attention. To conclude the review, we identify possible future lines of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Guadalupe Dominguez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Totte Niittylä
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 90183, Sweden
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Tian L, Liu L, Xu S, Deng R, Wu P, Jiang H, Wu G, Chen Y. A d-pinitol transporter, LjPLT11, regulates plant growth and nodule development in Lotus japonicus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:351-365. [PMID: 34460912 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyol transporters have been functionally characterized in yeast and Xenopus laevis oocytes as H+-symporters with broad substrate specificity, but little is known about their physiological roles in planta. To extend this knowledge, we investigated the role of LjPLT11 in Lotus japonicus-Mesorhizobium symbiosis. Functional analyses of LjPLT11 in yeast characterized it as an energy-independent transporter of xylitol, two O-methyl inositols, xylose, and galactose. We showed that LjPLT11 is located on peribacteroid membranes and functions as a facilitative transporter of d-pinitol within infected cells of L. japonicus nodules. Knock-down of LjPLT11 (LjPLT11i) in L. japonicus accelerated plant growth under nitrogen sufficiency, but resulted in abnormal bacteroids with corresponding reductions in nitrogenase activity in nodules and plant growth in the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. LjPLT11i nodules had higher osmotic pressure in cytosol, and lower osmotic pressure in bacteroids, than wild-type nodules both 3 and 4 weeks after inoculation of Mesorhizobium loti. Levels and distributions of reactive oxygen species were also perturbed in infected cells of 4-week-old nodules in LjPLT11i plants. The results indicate that LjPLT11 plays a key role in adjustment of the levels of its substrate pinitol, and thus maintenance of osmotic balance in infected cells and peribacteroid membrane stability during nodule development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Leru Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoming Xu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rufang Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingzhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Osmoprotectant and antioxidant effects of new synthesized 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohex-3-enol on barley under drought stress. Biol Futur 2021; 72:241-249. [PMID: 34554477 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-020-00058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present study was synthesize 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohex-3-enol (11) and investigate its antioxidant properties in barley plants under drought stress. For this aim, 1,4-cyclohexadiene (7) was subjected to [2 + 2] ketene addition reaction with dichloro ketene and the chlorine atoms were reduced. After that, the cyclobutanone ring was converted to a lactone ring and the lactone ring was reduced with LiAlH4. Subsequently, 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohex-3-enol (13) was obtained with high yield. The structures of the synthesized molecules were clarified by NMR, FTIR, GCMS spectroscopic methods. Two different methods were used to evaluate antioxidant activity of cyclohexenediol 11. One of them was DPPH radical scavenging activity which was used extensively. Also, osmoprotectant and antioxidant effects of 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)cyclohex-3-enol (13) were investigated in barley under drought stress. Drought decreased the relative water content (RWC) and water potential (WP) in barley leaves. Cyclohexenediol 11 treatment remarkably increased RWC and WP in leaves under drought conditions. Superoxide [Formula: see text] and nitric oxide (NO) accumulated under drought. In cyclohexenediol 11 treated-plants, the accumulation [Formula: see text] and NO were strongly reduced under drought conditions. Our results showed that cyclohexenediol 11 helped barley plants for maintaining water under drought stress; this makes synthetic cyclitol cyclohexenediol 11 as a good osmoprotectant candidate. Another important result in this study was the strong radical scavenging potential of cyclohexenediol 11. We think that much more comprehensive biochemical studies should be conducted to determine how cyclohexenediol 11 performs the radical scavenge role.
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Clover Root Exudates Favor Novosphingobium sp. HR1a Establishment in the Rhizosphere and Promote Phenanthrene Rhizoremediation. mSphere 2021; 6:e0041221. [PMID: 34378981 PMCID: PMC8386446 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00412-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoremediation is based on the ability of microorganisms to metabolize nutrients from plant root exudates and, thereby, to cometabolize or even mineralize toxic environmental contaminants. Novosphingobium sp. HR1a is a bacterial strain able to degrade a wide variety of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Here, we have demonstrated that the number of CFU in microcosms vegetated with clover was almost 2 orders of magnitude higher than that in nonvegetated microcosms or microcosms vegetated with rye-grass or grass. Strain HR1a was able to eliminate 92% of the phenanthrene in the microcosms with clover after 9 days. We have studied the molecular basis of the interaction between strain HR1a and clover by phenomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. By measuring the relative concentrations of several metabolites exudated by clover both in the presence and in the absence of the bacteria, we identified some compounds that were probably consumed in the rhizosphere; the transcriptomic analyses confirmed the expression of genes involved in the catabolism of these compounds. By using a transcriptional fusion of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) to the promoter of the gene encoding the dioxygenase involved in the degradation of PAHs, we have demonstrated that this gene is induced at higher levels in clover microcosms than in nonvegetated microcosms. Therefore, the positive interaction between clover and Novosphingobium sp. HR1a during rhizoremediation is a result of the bacterial utilization of different carbon and nitrogen sources released during seedling development and the capacity of clover exudates to induce the PAH degradation pathway. IMPORTANCE The success of an eco-friendly and cost-effective strategy for soil decontamination is conditioned by the understanding of the ecology of plant-microorganism interactions. Although many studies have been published about the bacterial metabolic capacities in the rhizosphere and about rhizoremediation of contaminants, there are fewer studies dealing with the integration of bacterial metabolic capacities in the rhizosphere during PAH bioremediation, and some aspects still remain controversial. Some authors have postulated that the presence of easily metabolizable carbon sources in root exudates might repress the expression of genes required for contaminant degradation, while others found that specific rhizosphere compounds can induce such genes. Novosphingobium sp. HR1a, which is our model organism, has two characteristics desirable in bacteria for use in remediation: its ubiquity and the capacity to degrade a wide variety of contaminants. We have demonstrated that this bacterium consumes several rhizospheric compounds without repression of the genes required for the mineralization of PAHs. In fact, some compounds even induced their expression.
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Li CH, Tien HJ, Wen MF, Yen HE. Myo-inositol transport and metabolism participate in salt tolerance of halophyte ice plant seedlings. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1619-1629. [PMID: 33511710 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol and its metabolic derivatives such as pinitol, galactinol, and raffinose affect growth and development and are also involved in stress adaptation. Previous studies have identified myo-inositol transporters (INTs) as transporters of Na+ from root to shoot in the halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). We found that the supply of myo-inositol could alleviate the dehydration effects of salt-stressed ice plant seedlings by decreasing the Na/K ratio in roots and increasing the Na/K ratio in shoots. Analyses of the uptake of exogenous myo-inositol revealed that ice plant seedlings contained intrinsic high-affinity transporters and inducible low-affinity uptake systems. The presence of Na+ facilitated both high- and low-affinity myo-inositol uptake. Six INT genes were identified from the ice plant transcriptome and named McINT1a, 1b, 2, 4a, 4b, and 4c, according to the classification of the Arabidopsis INT family. In seedlings treated with myo-inositol, salt, or myo-inositol plus salt, the expression patterns of all McINT members differed in shoot and root, which indicates organ-specific regulation of McINTs by salt and myo-inositol. The expression of McINT2, 4a, 4b, and 4c was induced by salt stress in shoot and root, but that of McINT1a and 1b was salt-induced only in shoot. The expression of pinitol biosynthesis gene IMT1 was induced by salt and myo-inositol, and their combination had a synergistic effect on the accumulation of pinitol. Supply of myo-inositol to salt-treated seedlings alleviated the detrimental effects by maintaining a low root Na/K ratio and providing precursors for the synthesis of compatible solute to maintain the osmotic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Tien
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Fang Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hungchen Emilie Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Plant Transcriptome Reprograming and Bacterial Extracellular Metabolites Underlying Tomato Drought Resistance Triggered by a Beneficial Soil Bacteria. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060369. [PMID: 34207663 PMCID: PMC8230097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the major constraints to crop production and food security worldwide. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains are capable of increasing plant drought resistance. Knowledge about the mechanisms underlying bacteria-induced plant drought resistance is important for PGPR applications in agriculture. In this study, we show the drought stress-mitigating effects on tomato plants by the Bacillus megaterium strain TG1-E1, followed by the profiling of plant transcriptomic responses to TG1-E1 and the profiling of bacterial extracellular metabolites. Comparison between the transcriptomes of drought-stressed plants with and without TG1-E1 inoculation revealed bacteria-induced transcriptome reprograming, with highlights on differentially expressed genes belonging to the functional categories including transcription factors, signal transduction, and cell wall biogenesis and organization. Mass spectrometry-based analysis identified over 40 bacterial extracellular metabolites, including several important regulators or osmoprotectant precursors for increasing plant drought resistance. These results demonstrate the importance of plant transcriptional regulation and bacterial metabolites in PGPR-induced plant drought resistance.
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Qiu J, Yan X, Liao Y, Yu D, Wen C, Xiang Z. An UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of D-pinitol in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1163:122498. [PMID: 33388525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
D-pinitol could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) type II. In this work, a sensitive and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method was firstly developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of D-pinitol in rat plasma. D-pinitol and 5,7-dihydroxychromone (Internal Standard, IS) were completely separated on a BEH C18 column. The plasma samples were deproteinated with acetonitrile: ethanol (1:1). The MRM transitions for D-pinitol was m/z 179.125 → 105.049, and for IS was m/z 195.085 → 109.031. The method linearity ranges was 5-200 ng/mL. The precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, stability under different conditions, were all within the required criteria. After intragastric (50 mg/kg) administration of D-pinitol to the rats, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 77.8 ± 19.5 ng/mL. The time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was 2.2 ± 0.98 h. Apparent distribution volume (Vz) was 1557.5 ± 1329.1 L/kg and the plasma centration time curve (AUC0-t) was 1265.5 ± 479.3 µg/L*h. After intravenous (5.0 mg/kg) administration, Vz was 325.2 ± 107.8 L/kg and AUC(0-t) was 693.0 ± 89.9 µg/L*h. Our study indicated D-pinitol had a slow elimination phase and might be the high affinity binding to blood protein in vivo, which are helpful for its further drug development and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixi Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyi Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Deguan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China.
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López-Gambero AJ, Sanjuan C, Serrano-Castro PJ, Suárez J, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. The Biomedical Uses of Inositols: A Nutraceutical Approach to Metabolic Dysfunction in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090295. [PMID: 32825356 PMCID: PMC7554709 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositols are sugar-like compounds that are widely distributed in nature and are a part of membrane molecules, participating as second messengers in several cell-signaling processes. Isolation and characterization of inositol phosphoglycans containing myo- or d-chiro-inositol have been milestones for understanding the physiological regulation of insulin signaling. Other functions of inositols have been derived from the existence of multiple stereoisomers, which may confer antioxidant properties. In the brain, fluctuation of inositols in extracellular and intracellular compartments regulates neuronal and glial activity. Myo-inositol imbalance is observed in psychiatric diseases and its use shows efficacy for treatment of depression, anxiety, and compulsive disorders. Epi- and scyllo-inositol isomers are capable of stabilizing non-toxic forms of β-amyloid proteins, which are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive dementia in Down’s syndrome, both associated with brain insulin resistance. However, uncertainties of the intrinsic mechanisms of inositols regarding their biology are still unsolved. This work presents a critical review of inositol actions on insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, and its potential for either preventing or delaying cognitive impairment in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. The biomedical uses of inositols may represent a paradigm in the industrial approach perspective, which has generated growing interest for two decades, accompanied by clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. López-Gambero
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Jesús Serrano-Castro
- UGC Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Juan Suárez
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-952614012 (J.S.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-952614012 (J.S.)
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Bertrand A, Rocher S, Claessens A, Bipfubusa M, Papadopoulos Y, Castonguay Y. Biochemical and molecular responses during overwintering of red clover populations recurrently selected for improved freezing tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 292:110388. [PMID: 32005393 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low freezing tolerance reduces the persistence of red clover under northern climate. The incidence of winter damages in perennial crops could increase in the future due to the adverse effects of the predicted warmer fall temperature on plant cold acclimation. To accelerate breeding progress, two cultivars of red clover Christie (C-TF0) and Endure (E-TF0) were exposed to a recurrent selection protocol for freezing tolerance performed indoor. New populations were obtained after five (C-TF5 and E-TF5), six (C-TF6 and E-TF6), and seven (C-TF7 and E-TF7) cycles of recurrent selection. These populations were overwintered under natural conditions and monitored for freezing tolerance and cold-induced molecular traits. Freezing tolerance was improved by up to 6 °C in recurrently selected populations when compared to initial cultivars confirming that further progress are achieved with advanced cycles of selection. Monthly analysis of biochemical changes shows that higher starch concentrations at the onset of the fall hardening period are contributing to the acquisition of superior freezing tolerance through its impact on sucrose accumulation. They also contribute to the vigor of spring regrowth by sustaining more pinitol and proline synthesis. Larger concentrations of these metabolites in populations with higher levels of freezing tolerance (TF7) hint at their involvement in winter survival of red clover. Among genes differentially expressed in response to both cold acclimation and recurrent selection, a concomitant cold induction of APPR9 and cold repression of 1-aminocyclopropane-carboxylate synthase suggests a link between the repression of a pathway regulated by ethylene and the improvement of freezing tolerance in red clover.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Solen Rocher
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec City, Canada
| | | | - Marie Bipfubusa
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Grains Inc. (CÉROM), Beloeil, Canada
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Pupel P, Szablińska-Piernik J, Lahuta LB. Two-step d-ononitol epimerization pathway in Medicago truncatula. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:237-250. [PMID: 31215085 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methylated inositol, d-pinitol (3-O-methyl-d-chiro-inositol), is a common constituent in legumes. It is synthesized from myo-inositol in two reactions: the first reaction, catalyzed by myo-inositol-O-methyltransferase (IMT), consists of a transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to myo-inositol with the formation of d-ononitol, while the second reaction, catalyzed by d-ononitol epimerase (OEP), involves epimerization of d-ononitol to d-pinitol. To identify the genes involved in d-pinitol biosynthesis in a model legume Medicago truncatula, we conducted a BLAST search on its genome using soybean IMT cDNA as a query and found putative IMT (MtIMT) gene. Subsequent co-expression analysis performed on publicly available microarray data revealed two potential OEP genes: MtOEPA, encoding an aldo-keto reductase and MtOEPB, encoding a short-chain dehydrogenase. cDNAs of all three genes were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins in E. coli. In vitro assays confirmed that putative MtIMT enzyme catalyzes methylation of myo-inositol to d-ononitol and showed that MtOEPA enzyme has NAD+ -dependent d-ononitol dehydrogenase activity, while MtOEPB enzyme has NADP+ -dependent d-pinitol dehydrogenase activity. Both enzymes are required for epimerization of d-ononitol to d-pinitol, which occurs in the presence of NAD+ and NADPH. Introduction of MtIMT, MtOEPA, and MtOEPB genes into tobacco plants resulted in production of d-ononitol and d-pinitol in transformants. As this two-step pathway of d-ononitol epimerization is coupled with a transfer of reducing equivalents from NADPH to NAD+ , we speculate that one of the functions of this pathway might be regeneration of NADP+ during drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pupel
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lesław B Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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Paul K, Pauk J, Kondic-Spika A, Grausgruber H, Allahverdiyev T, Sass L, Vass I. Co-occurrence of Mild Salinity and Drought Synergistically Enhances Biomass and Grain Retardation in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:501. [PMID: 31114595 PMCID: PMC6503295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we analyzed the responses of wheat to mild salinity and drought with special emphasis on the so far unclarified interaction of these important stress factors by using high-throughput phenotyping approaches. Measurements were performed on 14 genotypes of different geographic origin (Austria, Azerbaijan, and Serbia). The data obtained by non-invasive digital RGB imaging of leaf/shoot area reflect well the differences in total biomass measured at the end of the cultivation period demonstrating that leaf/shoot imaging can be reliably used to predict biomass differences among different cultivars and stress conditions. On the other hand, the leaf/shoot area has only a limited potential to predict grain yield. Comparison of gas exchange parameters with biomass accumulation showed that suppression of CO2 fixation due to stomatal closure is the principal cause behind decreased biomass accumulation under drought, salt and drought plus salt stresses. Correlation between grain yield and dry biomass is tighter when salt- and drought stress occur simultaneously than in the well-watered control, or in the presence of only salinity or drought, showing that natural variation of biomass partitioning to grains is suppressed by severe stress conditions. Comparison of yield data show that higher biomass and grain yield can be expected under salt (and salt plus drought) stress from those cultivars which have high yield parameters when exposed to drought stress alone. However, relative yield tolerance under drought stress is not a good indicator of yield tolerance under salt (and salt plus drought) drought stress. Harvest index of the studied cultivars ranged between 0.38 and 0.57 under well watered conditions and decreased only to a small extent (0.37-0.55) even when total biomass was decreased by 90% under the combined salt plus drought stress. It is concluded that the co-occurrence of mild salinity and drought can induce large biomass and grain yield losses in wheat due to synergistic interaction of these important stress factors. We could also identify wheat cultivars, which show high yield parameters under the combined effects of salinity and drought demonstrating the potential of complex plant phenotyping in breeding for drought and salinity stress tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Paul
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Pauk
- Department of Biotechnology, Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd., Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Heinrich Grausgruber
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tofig Allahverdiyev
- Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of Azerbaijan Republic, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - László Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Vass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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