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Wang Y, Han T, Liu T, Sun L, Dou B, Xin J, Zhang N. New insights into starch, lipid, and protein interactions - Colon microbiota fermentation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 335:122113. [PMID: 38616083 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Starch, lipids, and proteins are essential biological macromolecules that play a crucial role in providing energy and nutrition to our bodies. Interactions between these macromolecules have been shown to impact starch digestibility. Understanding and controlling starch digestibility is a key area of research. Investigating the mechanisms behind the interactions of these three components and their influence on starch digestibility is of significant practical importance. Moreover, these interactions can result in the formation of resistant starch, which can be fermented by gut microbiota in the colon, leading to various health benefits. While current research has predominantly focused on the digestive properties of starch in the small intestine, there is a notable gap in understanding the colonic microbial fermentation phase of resistant starch. The benefits of fermentation of resistant starch in the colon may outweigh its glucose-lowering effect in the small intestine. Thus, it is crucial to study the fermentation behavior of resistant starch in the colon. This paper investigates the impact of interactions among starch, lipids, and proteins on starch digestion, with a specific focus on the fermentation phase of indigestible carbohydrates in the colon. Furthermore, valuable insights are offered for guiding future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Tianyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Lirui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Boxin Dou
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China
| | - Jiaying Xin
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis & Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, PR China.
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2
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Bock PM, Martins AF, Schaan BD. Understanding how pre- and probiotics affect the gut microbiome and metabolic health. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E89-E102. [PMID: 38809510 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00054.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, a complex assembly of microorganisms, significantly impacts human health by influencing nutrient absorption, the immune system, and disease response. These microorganisms form a dynamic ecosystem that is critical to maintaining overall well-being. Prebiotics and probiotics are pivotal in regulating gut microbiota composition. Prebiotics nourish beneficial bacteria and promote their growth, whereas probiotics help maintain balance within the microbiome. This intricate balance extends to several aspects of health, including maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier, regulating immune responses, and producing metabolites crucial for metabolic health. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Impaired gut barrier function, endotoxemia, and low-grade inflammation are associated with toll-like receptors influencing proinflammatory pathways. Short-chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation modulate anti-inflammatory and immune system pathways. Prebiotics positively influence gut microbiota, whereas probiotics, especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, may improve metabolic outcomes, such as glycemic control in diabetes. It is important to consider strain-specific effects and study variability when interpreting these findings, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their therapeutic potential. The aim of this report is therefore to review the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health and disease and the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on the gut microbiome and their therapeutic role, integrating a broad understanding of physiological mechanisms with a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Bock
- Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Andreza F Martins
- Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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3
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Gu Y, Niu Q, Zhang Q, Zhao Y. Ameliorative Effects of Curcumin on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2024; 29:2934. [PMID: 38930998 PMCID: PMC11206386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a multifactorial and complicated metabolic disorder, is a growing public health problem. Numerous studies have indicated that bioactive compounds from herbal medicine have beneficial effects on T2DM prevention and treatment, owing to their numerous biological properties. Curcumin, the major curcuminoid of turmeric, is one of the most studied bioactive components of herbal supplements, and has a variety of biological activities. Clinical trials and preclinical research have recently produced compelling data to demonstrate the crucial functions of curcumin against T2DM via several routes. Accordingly, this review systematically summarizes the antidiabetic activity of curcumin, along with various mechanisms. Results showed that effectiveness of curcumin on T2DM is due to it being anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antihyperglycemic, anti-apoptotic, and antihyperlipidemic, among other activities. In light of these results, curcumin may be a promising prevention/treatment choice for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Gu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zhang Dian District, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Qun Niu
- Institute of Xinhua Pharmaceutical, Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lutai Avenue 1, Gaoxin District, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Qili Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zhang Dian District, Zibo 255000, China;
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Xincun West Road 266, Zhang Dian District, Zibo 255000, China;
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Młynarska E, Wasiak J, Gajewska A, Steć G, Jasińska J, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Exploring the Significance of Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Pathogenesis and Management-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1938. [PMID: 38931292 PMCID: PMC11206785 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a disease with significant health consequences for the individual. Currently, new mechanisms and therapeutic approaches that may affect this disease are being sought. One of them is the association of type 2 diabetes with microbiota. Through the enteric nervous system and the gut-microbiota axis, the microbiota affects the functioning of the body. It has been proven to have a real impact on influencing glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. With dysbiosis, there is increased bacterial translocation through the disrupted intestinal barrier and increased inflammation in the body. In diabetes, the microbiota's composition is altered with, for example, a more abundant class of Betaproteobacteria. The consequences of these disorders are linked to mechanisms involving short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, among others. Interventions focusing on the gut microbiota are gaining traction as a promising approach to diabetes management. Studies are currently being conducted on the effects of the supply of probiotics and prebiotics, as well as fecal microbiota transplantation, on the course of diabetes. Further research will allow us to fully develop our knowledge on the subject and possibly best treat and prevent type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Wasiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gajewska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Greta Steć
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Jasińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Yu JX, Chen X, Zang SG, Chen X, Wu YY, Wu LP, Xuan SH. Gut microbiota microbial metabolites in diabetic nephropathy patients: far to go. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1359432. [PMID: 38779567 PMCID: PMC11109448 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1359432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes and a major cause of end-stage renal disease, which has a severe impact on the quality of life of patients. Strict control of blood sugar and blood pressure, including the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, can delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy but cannot prevent it from eventually developing into end-stage renal disease. In recent years, many studies have shown a close relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and the occurrence and development of DN. This review discusses the latest research findings on the correlation between gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in DN, including the manifestations of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in DN patients, the application of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the diagnosis of DN, their role in disease progression, and so on, to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the occurrence and prevention of DN and provide a theoretical basis and methods for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li-Pei Wu
- Medical Laboratory Department, Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi-Hai Xuan
- Medical Laboratory Department, Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, Jiangsu, China
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Snelson M, Vanuytsel T, Marques FZ. Breaking the Barrier: The Role of Gut Epithelial Permeability in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024:10.1007/s11906-024-01307-2. [PMID: 38662328 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-024-01307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW To review what intestinal permeability is and how it is measured, and to summarise the current evidence linking altered intestinal permeability with the development of hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS Increased gastrointestinal permeability, directly measured in vivo, has been demonstrated in experimental and genetic animal models of hypertension. This is consistent with the passage of microbial substances to the systemic circulation and the activation of inflammatory pathways. Evidence for increased gut permeability in human hypertension has been reliant of a handful of blood biomarkers, with no studies directly measuring gut permeability in hypertensive cohorts. There is emerging literature that some of these putative biomarkers may not accurately reflect permeability of the gastrointestinal tract. Data from animal models of hypertension support they have increased gut permeability; however, there is a dearth of conclusive evidence in humans. Future studies are needed that directly measure intestinal permeability in people with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Snelson
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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Liang C, Ma L, Chen Y, Li J, Wang B, Ma C, Yuan Z, Nong X. Artesunate Alleviates Kidney Fibrosis in Type 1 Diabetes with Periodontitis Rats via Promoting Autophagy and Suppression of Inflammation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16358-16373. [PMID: 38617690 PMCID: PMC11007779 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To explore the effect of periodontal disease on the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), to observe the effects of artesunate (ART) intervention on periodontal and kidney tissues in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis, and to explore the possibility of ART for the treatment of DKD. Rat models of diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, and diabetes mellitus with periodontitis were established through streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection, maxillary first molar ligation, and P. gingivalis ligation applied sequentially. Ten weeks after modeling, ART gavage treatment was given for 4 weeks. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and Western blot were used to investigate the inflammatory factors, fibrogenisis, autophagy-related factors, and proteins in periodontal and kidney tissues, and 16S rDNA sequencing was used to detect the changes in dental plaque fluid and kidney tissue flora. Compared to the control group, the protein expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and COL-IV in the periodontal disease (PD) group were increased. The protein expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, and COL-IV increased in the DM group and the DM + PD group, and the expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, and COL-IV was upregulated in the DM + PD group. These results suggest that periodontal disease enhances renal fibrosis and that this process is related to the TGF-β1/Smad/COL-IV signaling pathway. Among the top five dominant bacteria in the kidney of the DM + PD group, the abundance of Proteobacteria increased most significantly, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes with mild increases. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes in the kidney tissues of DM and PD groups also showed an increasing trend compared with the CON group. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in the kidney of the PD group and DM + PD group showed an increasing trend, which may mediate the increase of oxidative stress in the kidney and promote the occurrence and development of DN. Periodontal disease may lead to an imbalance of renal flora, aggravate renal damage in T1DM, cause glomerular inflammation and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and reduce the level of autophagy. ART delays the process of renal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Licheng Ma
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Medical
Science Research Center, Guangxi Medical
University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Binge Wang
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chubin Ma
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhong Yuan
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- College
of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, No. 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
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Chang WL, Chen YE, Tseng HT, Cheng CF, Wu JH, Hou YC. Gut Microbiota in Patients with Prediabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1105. [PMID: 38674796 PMCID: PMC11053759 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is characterized by abnormal glycemic levels below the type 2 diabetes threshold, and effective control of blood glucose may prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes. While the association between the gut microbiota, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance in diabetic patients has been established in previous studies, there is a lack of research regarding these aspects in prediabetic patients in Asia. We aim to investigate the composition of the gut microbiota in prediabetic patients and their differences compared to healthy individuals. In total, 57 prediabetic patients and 60 healthy adult individuals aged 18 to 65 years old were included in this study. Biochemistry data, fecal samples, and 3 days of food records were collected. Deoxyribonucleic acid extraction and next-generation sequencing via 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid metagenomic sequencing were conducted to analyze the relationship between the gut microbiota and dietary habits. Prediabetic patients showed a lower microbial diversity than healthy individuals, with 9 bacterial genera being less abundant and 14 others more abundant. Prediabetic patients who consumed a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet exhibited higher diversity in the gut microbiota than those who consumed a high-carbohydrate diet. A higher abundance of Coprococcus was observed in the prediabetic patients on an LC diet. Compared to healthy individuals, the gut microbiota of prediabetic patients was significantly different, and adopting an LC diet with high dietary fiber consumption may positively impact the gut microbiota. Future studies should aim to understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and glycemic control in the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Yu-En Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Hsiang-Tung Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hui Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Yi-Cheng Hou
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
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Jia XH, Wang SY, Sun AQ. Dietary fiber intake and its association with diabetic kidney disease in American adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:475-487. [PMID: 38591085 PMCID: PMC10999041 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary fiber (DF) intake may have a protective effect against type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, its relationship with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear. AIM To investigate the potential association between DF intake and the prevalence of DKD in individuals diagnosed with T2D. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 2005 and 2018. DF intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall interviews, and DKD diagnosis in individuals with T2D was based on predefined criteria, including albuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration rate, or a combination of both. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between DF intake and DKD, and comprehensive subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS Among the 6032 participants, 38.4% had DKD. With lower DF intake-T1 (≤ 6.4 g/1000 kcal/day)-as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio for DF and DKD for levels T2 (6.5-10.0 g/1000 kcal/day) and T3 (≥ 10.1 g/1000 kcal/day) were 0.97 (95%CI: 0.84-1.12, P = 0.674) and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.68-0.92, P = 0.002), respectively. The subgroup analysis yielded consistent results across various demographic and health-related subgroups, with no statistically significant interactions (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In United States adults with T2D, increased DF intake may be related to reduced DKD incidence. Further research is required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ai-Qin Sun
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China
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Tian X, Dong W, Zhou W, Yan Y, Lu L, Mi J, Cao Y, Sun Y, Zeng X. The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum ameliorate high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced cognitive impairment via regulating blood glucose and mediating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129036. [PMID: 38151081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
High-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) consumption can induce cognitive dysfunction and gut microbiota disorder. In the present study, the effects of the polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) on HFFD-induced cognitive deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis were investigated. The results showed that intervention of LBPs (200 mg/kg/day) for 14 weeks could significantly prevent learning and memory deficits in HFFD-fed mice, evidenced by a reduction of latency and increment of crossing parameters of platform quadrant in Morris water maze test. Moreover, oral administration of LBPs enhanced the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and reduced the activation of glial cells in hippocampus. Besides, LBPs treatment enriched the relative abundances of Allobaculum and Lactococcus and reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in gut bacterial community of HFFD-fed mice, accompanied by increased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as expression of associated G protein-coupled receptors. Furthermore, LBPs intervention prevented insulin resistance, obesity and colonic inflammation. Finally, a significant correlation was observed among neuroinflammation associated parameters, gut microbiota and SCFAs through Pearson correlation analysis. Collectively, these findings suggested that the regulation of gut microbiota might be the potential mechanism of LBPs on preventing cognitive dysfunction induced by HFFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yamei Yan
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Youlong Cao
- Institute of Wolfberry Engineering Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China; National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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11
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Paiano L, Mastronardi M, Campisciano G, Rosso N, Casagranda B, Comar M, de Manzini N, Palmisano S. Liver Bacterial Colonization in Patients with Obesity and Gut Dysbiosis. Obes Surg 2024; 34:402-408. [PMID: 38102371 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06989-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, the link between gut microbiota, liver inflammation, and obesity has become an interesting focus of research. The aim of this study is to show the possible relation between gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with obesity and the presence of bacterial genomes in their liver biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study on patients undergoing bariatric surgery was carried out. Anthropometric and metabolic data, comorbidities, stool samples, and hepatic biopsies were collected and analyzed at the time of surgery. The V3-16S rRNA region was sequenced using the Ion Torrent new-generation sequencing platform. RESULTS In each of the 23 patients enrolled, the bacterial population was analyzed both in the stools and liver. In eight patients (34.7%), Prevotella (62.5%), Bacteroides (50%), Streptococcus (12.5%), and Dalister (12.5%) were found in both samples, simultaneously; in 15 cases, the liver was free from colonization. The statistically significant difference between groups was a Roseburia intestinalis reduction in fecal samples of patients with liver biopsies colonized by bacteria (1% vs 3%; p = 0.0339). CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the presence of bacterial genome in a liver biopsy on bariatric patients, instead of the microbe-associated molecular patterns. Notably, in literature, the presence of Roseburia intestinalis in stool samples has been shown to prevent intestinal inflammation playing its role in the gut barrier integrity. In our population, the Roseburia reduction was associated with the presence of bacterial genome in the liver, probably related to a greater permeability of the gut and vascular barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Paiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manuela Mastronardi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Centro Studi Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza Bldg.Q SS14 Km, 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Biagio Casagranda
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolò de Manzini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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12
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McGuinness AJ, Stinson LF, Snelson M, Loughman A, Stringer A, Hannan AJ, Cowan CSM, Jama HA, Caparros-Martin JA, West ML, Wardill HR. From hype to hope: Considerations in conducting robust microbiome science. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:120-130. [PMID: 37806533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome science has been one of the most exciting and rapidly evolving research fields in the past two decades. Breakthroughs in technologies including DNA sequencing have meant that the trillions of microbes (particularly bacteria) inhabiting human biological niches (particularly the gut) can be profiled and analysed in exquisite detail. This microbiome profiling has profound impacts across many fields of research, especially biomedical science, with implications for how we understand and ultimately treat a wide range of human disorders. However, like many great scientific frontiers in human history, the pioneering nature of microbiome research comes with a multitude of challenges and potential pitfalls. These include the reproducibility and robustness of microbiome science, especially in its applications to human health outcomes. In this article, we address the enormous promise of microbiome science and its many challenges, proposing constructive solutions to enhance the reproducibility and robustness of research in this nascent field. The optimisation of microbiome science spans research design, implementation and analysis, and we discuss specific aspects such as the importance of ecological principals and functionality, challenges with microbiome-modulating therapies and the consideration of confounding, alternative options for microbiome sequencing, and the potential of machine learning and computational science to advance the field. The power of microbiome science promises to revolutionise our understanding of many diseases and provide new approaches to prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J McGuinness
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amy Loughman
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andrea Stringer
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Hamdi A Jama
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Madeline L West
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine and Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Hannah R Wardill
- Supportive Oncology Research Group, Precision Medicine (Cancer), South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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13
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Chu T, Yu R, Gu Y, Wang Y, Chang H, Li Y, Li J, Bian Y. Kaempferol protects gut-vascular barrier from high glucose-induced disorder via NF-κB pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109496. [PMID: 37871766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Kaempferol is a natural edible flavonoid reported to treat high-fat diet-induced intestinal inflammation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This research aims to investigate the protective effect of kaempferol on the gut-vascular barrier (GVB) induced by high glucose and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Evans blue albumin efflux assay was used to test endothelial cell permeability. The results showed that kaempferol (50 μM) significantly reversed the high glucose-induced monolayer barrier permeability of rat intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (RIMVECs), while kaempferol significantly alleviated the high glucose-induced rarefication of the tight junction protein Claudin-5. Moreover, kaempferol also reduced high glucose-induced angiogenesis and cell migration via inhibiting the VEGFR2/p38 pathway. Kaempferol also protected against high glucose-induced overproduction of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 by inhibiting NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. In addition, kaempferol had similar effects to the NF-κB inhibitor SN50 in reducing high glucose-induced ICAM-1 expression and endothelial barrier permeabilization. Our findings in part reveal the pathological mechanism of hyperglycemia-related gastrointestinal diseases and underlie the molecular mechanism of kaempferol in inhibiting bowel inflammation from a novel perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Chu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Ruyang Yu
- Division of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yinping Gu
- Division of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuman Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Chang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Yaying Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China.
| | - Yifei Bian
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, PR China.
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14
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Li H, Liu C, Huang S, Wang X, Cao M, Gu T, Ou X, Pan S, Lin Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jing J. Multi-omics analyses demonstrate the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281350. [PMID: 38010793 PMCID: PMC10730204 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work revealed that unbalanced dietary intake was an important independent factor associated with constipation and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Growing evidence has shown the alterations in the gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ASD. However, how the altered microbiota might affect the associations between unbalanced diets and GI symptoms in ASD remains unknown. We analyzed microbiome and metabolomics data in 90 ASD and 90 typically developing (TD) children based on 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolomics, together with dietary intake and GI symptoms assessment. We found that there existed 11 altered gut microbiota (FDR-corrected P-value <0.05) and 397 altered metabolites (P-value <0.05) in children with ASD compared with TD children. Among the 11 altered microbiota, the Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group were positively correlated with constipation (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). The Eggerthellaceae was positively correlated with total GI symptoms (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). More importantly, three increased microbiota including Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Eggerthellaceae positively modulated the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with constipation and total GI symptoms, and the decreased Clostridium sp. BR31 negatively modulated their associations in ASD children (P-value <0.05). Together, the altered microbiota strengthens the relationship between unbalanced dietary intake and GI symptoms. Among the altered metabolites, ten metabolites derived from microbiota (Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, Eggerthellaceae, and Clostridium sp. BR31) were screened out, enriched in eight metabolic pathways, and were identified to correlate with constipation and total GI symptoms in ASD children (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). These metabolomics findings further support the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with GI symptoms. Collectively, our research provides insights into the relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and GI symptoms in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Churui Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Saijun Huang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muqing Cao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingfeng Gu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuolin Pan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongyu Lin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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15
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Singh S, Sarma DK, Verma V, Nagpal R, Kumar M. Unveiling the future of metabolic medicine: omics technologies driving personalized solutions for precision treatment of metabolic disorders. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:1-20. [PMID: 37788525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The variety of metabolic illnesses can be addressed through personalized medicine. The goal of personalized medicine is to give doctors the ability to anticipate the best course of treatment for patients with metabolic problems. By analyzing a patient's metabolomic, proteomic, genetic profile, and clinical data, physicians can identify relevant diagnostic, and predictive biomarkers and develop treatment plans and therapy for acute and chronic metabolic diseases. To achieve this goal, real-time modeling of clinical data and multiple omics is essential to pinpoint underlying biological mechanisms, risk factors, and possibly useful data to promote early diagnosis and prevention of complex diseases. Incorporating cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning is crucial for consolidating diverse forms of data, examining multiple variables, establishing databases of clinical indicators to aid decision-making, and formulating ethical protocols to address concerns. This review article aims to explore the potential of personalized medicine utilizing omics approaches for the treatment of metabolic disorders. It focuses on the recent advancements in genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and nutrigenomics, emphasizing their role in revolutionizing personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samradhi Singh
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhouri, Bhopal, 462030, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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16
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Liu C, Zeng H, Jiang R, Wang K, Ouyang J, Wen S, Peng L, Xu H, Huang J, Liu Z. Effects of Mulberry Leaf Fu Tea on the Intestines and Intestinal Flora of Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Foods 2023; 12:4006. [PMID: 37959125 PMCID: PMC10648540 DOI: 10.3390/foods12214006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by hyperglycemia, an imbalance in the intestinal flora and disruption of the endocrine system. At present, it is primarily controlled through drug treatment and an improved diet. Mulberry leaf and fu brick tea were considered to have excellent hypoglycemic effects. This study used mulberry leaves and fu brick tea as raw materials to develop a dietary regulator that can assist in the prevention and alleviation of diabetes. The experiment used the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat model to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf fu tea (MFT) and its influence on the intestinal flora of diabetic rats through methods including ELISA, tissue section observation and 16S RNA microbial sequencing. The results showed that, compared with the GK group, the intervention of mulberry leaf fu tea significantly reduced the activities of α-glucosidase (p < 0.05) and α-amylase (p < 0.05) in the duodenum of GK diabetic rats. The height of the duodenal villi was significantly reduced (p < 0.001), leading to decreased intestinal sugar absorption. At the same time, MFT alleviates the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by high blood sugar, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc.), and inhibits the reproduction of harmful bacteria (Blautia, Klebsiella, Helicobacter, Alistipes, etc.). MFT helps reduce the secretion of toxic substances (lipopolysaccharide, p < 0.001), decreases oxidative stress and inflammation, mitigates organ damage, and improves symptoms of diabetes. Finally, the random blood glucose value of GK rats dropped from 22.79 mmol/L to 14.06 mmol/L. In summary, mulberry leaf fu tea can lower sugar absorption in diabetic rats, reduce the body's oxidative stress and inflammatory response, regulate intestinal flora, and reduce blood sugar levels in GK rats. It is hinted that mulberry leaf fu tea could be used as a functional drink to help prevent the occurrence of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hongzhe Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ronggang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Kuofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shuai Wen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Gene Resources of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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17
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Li Y, Si H, Ma Y, Li S, Gao L, Liu K, Liu X. Vitamin D3 affects the gut microbiota in an LPS-stimulated systemic inflammation mouse model. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105180. [PMID: 37419238 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Although gut dysbiosis contributes to systemic inflammation, the counteractive effect of systemic inflammation on gut microbiota is unknown. Vitamin D may exert anti-inflammatory effects against systemic inflammation, but its regulation of the gut microbiota is poorly understood. In this study, mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to create a systemic inflammation model and received vitamin D3 treatment orally for 18 continuous days. Then, body weight, morphological changes in the colon epithelium, and gut microbiota (n = 3) were evaluated. We verified that LPS stimulation caused inflammatory changes in the colon epithelium, which could be obviously attenuated by vitamin D3 treatment (10 μg/kg/day) in mice. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota first revealed that LPS stimulation induced a large number of operational taxonomic units, and vitamin D3 treatment reduced the number. In addition, vitamin D3 had distinctive effects on the community structure of the gut microbiota, which was obviously changed after LPS stimulation. However, neither LPS nor vitamin D3 affected the alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, statistical analysis of differential microorganisms showed that the relative abundance of microorganisms in the phylum Spirochaetes decreased, the family Micrococcaceae increased, the genus [Eubacterium]_brachy_group decreased, the genus Pseudarthrobacter increased, and the species Clostridiales_bacterium_CIEAF_020 decreased under LPS stimulation, but vitamin D3 treatment significantly reversed the LPS-induced changes in the relative abundance of these microorganisms. In conclusion, vitamin D3 treatment affected the gut microbiota and alleviated inflammatory changes in the colon epithelium in the LPS-stimulated systemic inflammation mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Li
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China; Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Hongbo Si
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xifu Liu
- Center for Drug Discovery Innovation, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, PR China.
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18
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Habermaass V, Olivero D, Gori E, Mariti C, Longhi E, Marchetti V. Intestinal Microbiome in Dogs with Chronic Hepatobiliary Disease: Can We Talk about the Gut-Liver Axis? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3174. [PMID: 37893898 PMCID: PMC10603696 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-liver axis represents a current topic in human medicine. Extensive research investigates the gut microbiome (GM) modifications in relation to various kinds of chronic hepatobiliary diseases (CHD), with many mechanisms and therapeutical implications recognized. Those aspects in veterinary medicine are still quite unexplored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate GM in dogs diagnosed with CD. Comparison among CHD dogs were made considering some clinical and biochemical variables (lipemia and alanine-aminotransferase activities), presence of cholestasis or endocrine disorders, diet). Sixty-five dogs were prospectively enrolled with clinical and hematobiochemical evaluation and 16S-RNA GM sequencing assessed. Dogs that received antibiotics and/or pre/pro/symbiotics administration were excluded. Deeper GM alteration was observed between dogs with or without ultrasonographic and biochemical cholestatic CHD. Cholestasis was associated with a decrease in several bacterial taxa, including Clostridium hiranonis, Fusobacterium, Megamonas, Ruminococcus faecis, Turicibacter, and higher levels of Escherichia/Shigella and Serratia. Thus, the alteration in bile flow and composition, typical of cholestasis, may directly affect the local intestinal microbial environment. For the management of dogs with CHD and especially cholestatic CHD, clinicians should be aware that gut-liver interaction may lead to dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Habermaass
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Daniela Olivero
- Analysis Lab BSA Scilvet, Via A. D’Aosta 7, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gori
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Chiara Mariti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
| | - Erika Longhi
- Analysis Lab Labospace, Via Apelle 41, 20128 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Marchetti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese Lato Monte, 56122 Pisa, Italy; (V.H.); (E.G.); (V.M.)
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19
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Mázala-de-Oliveira T, Silva BT, Campello-Costa P, Carvalho VF. The Role of the Adrenal-Gut-Brain Axis on Comorbid Depressive Disorder Development in Diabetes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1504. [PMID: 37892186 PMCID: PMC10604999 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic patients are more affected by depression than non-diabetics, and this is related to greater treatment resistance and associated with poorer outcomes. This increase in the prevalence of depression in diabetics is also related to hyperglycemia and hypercortisolism. In diabetics, the hyperactivity of the HPA axis occurs in parallel to gut dysbiosis, weakness of the intestinal permeability barrier, and high bacterial-product translocation into the bloodstream. Diabetes also induces an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the hippocampus. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression behaviors and neuroinflammation are exacerbated in diabetic mice. In this context, we propose here that hypercortisolism, in association with gut dysbiosis, leads to an exacerbation of hippocampal neuroinflammation, glutamatergic transmission, and neuronal apoptosis, leading to the development and aggravation of depression and to resistance to treatment of this mood disorder in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Mázala-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
| | - Bruna Teixeira Silva
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
| | - Paula Campello-Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
| | - Vinicius Frias Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (T.M.-d.-O.); (B.T.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-201, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação—INCT-NIM, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
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20
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Kim HS, Lee S, Lee DY. Aurozyme: A Revolutionary Nanozyme in Colitis, Switching Peroxidase-Like to Catalase-Like Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302331. [PMID: 37246260 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A therapeutic strategy that could address colitis of multiple etiologies while restoring the dysbiosis of gut microbiota is attractive. Here, Aurozyme, a novel nanomedicine comprised of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and glycyrrhizin (GL) with a glycol chitosan coating layer, as a promising approach for colitis, is demonstrated. The unique feature of Aurozyme is the conversion of harmful peroxidase-like activity of AuNPs to beneficial catalase-like activity due to the amine-rich environment provided by the glycol chitosan. This conversion process enables Aurozyme to oxidize the hydroxyl radicals derived from AuNP, producing water and oxygen molecules. In fact, Aurozyme effectively scavenges reactive oxygen/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which can attenuate the M1 polarization of macrophage. It exhibits prolonged adhesion to the lesion site, promoting sustained anti-inflammatory effects and restoring intestinal function in colitis-challenged mice. Additionally, it increases the abundance and diversity of beneficial probiotics, which are essential for maintaining microbial homeostasis in the gut. The work highlights the transformative potential of nanozymes for the comprehensive treatment of inflammatory disease and represents an innovative switching technology of enzyme-like activity by Aurozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Shik Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sieun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, and BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Elixir Pharmatech Inc., Seoul, 07463, Republic of Korea
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21
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Rostami M, Kolahi Azar H, Salehi M, Abedin Dargoush S, Rostamani H, Jahed-Khaniki G, Alikord M, Aghabeigi R, Ahmadi A, Beheshtizadeh N, Webster TJ, Rezaei N. The food and biomedical applications of curcumin-loaded electrospun nanofibers: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-28. [PMID: 37691403 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2251584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating curcumin (CUR) in nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, silica nanoparticles, protein-based nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanocrystals could be efficient for a variety of industrial and biomedical applications. Nanofibers containing CUR represent a stable polymer-drug carrier with excellent surface-to-volume ratios for loading and cell interactions, tailored porosity for controlled CUR release, and diverse properties that fit the requirements for numerous applications. Despite the mentioned benefits, electrospinning is not capable of producing fibers from multiple polymers and biopolymers, and the product's effectiveness might be affected by various machine- and material-dependent parameters like the voltage and the flow rate of the electrospinning process. This review delves into the current and innovative recent research on nanofibers containing CUR and their various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Rostami
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Science and Nutrition Group (FSAN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Kolahi Azar
- Department of Pathology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Rostamani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-Biomaterials, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed-Khaniki
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Alikord
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Aghabeigi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azam Ahmadi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Beheshtizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Regenerative Medicine Group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas J Webster
- School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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22
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Du Z, Li J, Li W, Fu H, Ding J, Ren G, Zhou L, Pi X, Ye X. Effects of prebiotics on the gut microbiota in vitro associated with functional diarrhea in children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1233840. [PMID: 37720150 PMCID: PMC10502507 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1233840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diarrhea is among the top five causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is considered the most important risk factor for diarrhea. Prebiotics have shown efficacy in treating diarrhea by regulating the balance of the gut microbiota in vivo. Methods In this study, we used an in vitro fermentation system to prevent the interference of host-gut microbe interactions during in vivo examination and investigated the effect of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on gut microbiota composition and metabolism in 39 pediatric patients with functional diarrhea. Results 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that FOS significantly improved α- and β-diversity in volunteers with pediatric diarrhea (p < 0.05). This improvement manifested as a significant increase (LDA > 2, p < 0.05) in probiotic bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium) and a significant inhibition (LDA > 2, p < 0.05) of harmful bacteria (e.g., Escherichia-Shigella). Notably, the analysis of bacterial metabolites after FOS treatment showed that the decrease in isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, NH3, and H2S levels was positively correlated with the relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium. This decrease also showed the greatest negative correlation with the abundance of Streptococcus. Random forest analysis and ROC curve validation demonstrated that gut microbiota composition and metabolites were distinct between the FOS treatment and control groups (area under the curve [AUC] > 0.8). Functional prediction using PICRUSt 2 revealed that the FOS-induced alteration of gut microbiota was most likely mediated by effects on starch and sucrose metabolism. Conclusion This study is the first to evince that FOS can modulate gut microbial disorders in children with functional diarrhea. Our findings provide a framework for the application of FOS to alleviate functional diarrhea in children and reduce the use of antibiotics for managing functional diarrhea-induced disturbances in the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofei Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linying Zhou
- People's Hospital of Longquan City, Longquan, China
| | - Xionge Pi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Department of Medical Administration, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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23
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Wu J, Xing L, Zheng Y, Yu Y, Wu R, Liu X, Li L, Huang Y. Disease-specific protein corona formed in pathological intestine enhances the oral absorption of nanoparticles. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3876-3891. [PMID: 37719377 PMCID: PMC10501873 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein corona (PC) has been identified to impede the transportation of intravenously injected nanoparticles (NPs) from blood circulation to their targeted sites. However, how intestinal PC (IPC) affects the delivery of orally administered NPs are still needed to be elucidated. Here, we found that IPC exerted "positive effect" or "negative effect" depending on different pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. We prepared polystyrene nanoparticles (PS) adsorbed with different IPC derived from the intestinal tract of healthy, diabetic, and colitis rats (H-IPC@PS, D-IPC@PS, C-IPC@PS). Proteomics analysis revealed that, compared with healthy IPC, the two disease-specific IPC consisted of a higher proportion of proteins that were closely correlated with transepithelial transport across the intestine. Consequently, both D-IPC@PS and C-IPC@PS mainly exploited the recycling endosome and ER-Golgi mediated secretory routes for intracellular trafficking, which increased the transcytosis from the epithelium. Together, disease-specific IPC endowed NPs with higher intestinal absorption. D-IPC@PS posed "positive effect" on intestinal absorption into blood circulation for diabetic therapy. Conversely, C-IPC@PS had "negative effect" on colitis treatment because of unfavorable absorption in the intestine before arriving colon. These results imply that different or even opposite strategies to modulate the disease-specific IPC need to be adopted for oral nanomedicine in the treatment of variable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liyun Xing
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaxian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruinan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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Iancu MA, Profir M, Roşu OA, Ionescu RF, Cretoiu SM, Gaspar BS. Revisiting the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Role in Diarrhea and Constipation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2177. [PMID: 37764021 PMCID: PMC10538221 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota represents a community of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and protozoa) that colonize the gut and are responsible for gut mucosal structural integrity and immune and metabolic homeostasis. The relationship between the gut microbiome and human health has been intensively researched in the past years. It is now widely recognized that gut microbial composition is highly responsible for the general health of the host. Among the diseases that have been linked to an altered gut microbial population are diarrheal illnesses and functional constipation. The capacity of probiotics to modulate the gut microbiome population, strengthen the intestinal barrier, and modulate the immune system together with their antioxidant properties have encouraged the research of probiotic therapy in many gastrointestinal afflictions. Dietary and lifestyle changes and the use of probiotics seem to play an important role in easing constipation and effectively alleviating diarrhea by suppressing the germs involved. This review aims to describe how probiotic bacteria and the use of specific strains could interfere and bring benefits as an associated treatment for diarrhea and constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Adela Iancu
- Department of Family Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Monica Profir
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Oana Alexandra Roşu
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Cardiology I, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Severus Gaspar
- Surgery Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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25
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Vitetta L, Gorgani NN, Vitetta G, Henson JD. Prebiotics Progress Shifts in the Intestinal Microbiome That Benefits Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1307. [PMID: 37759707 PMCID: PMC10526165 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycemic medications that could be co-administered with prebiotics and functional foods can potentially reduce the burden of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The efficacy of drugs such as metformin and sulfonylureas can be enhanced by the activity of the intestinal microbiome elaborated metabolites. Functional foods such as prebiotics (e.g., oligofructose) and dietary fibers can treat a dysbiotic gut microbiome by enhancing the diversity of microbial niches in the gut. These beneficial shifts in intestinal microbiome profiles include an increased abundance of bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prauznitzii, Akkermancia muciniphila, Roseburia species, and Bifidobacterium species. An important net effect is an increase in the levels of luminal SCFAs (e.g., butyrate) that provide energy carbon sources for the intestinal microbiome in cross-feeding activities, with concomitant improvement in intestinal dysbiosis with attenuation of inflammatory sequalae and improved intestinal gut barrier integrity, which alleviates the morbidity of T2DM. Oligosaccharides administered adjunctively with pharmacotherapy to ameliorate T2DM represent current plausible treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Vitetta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nick N. Gorgani
- OzStar Therapeutics Pty Ltd., Pennant Hills, NSW 2120, Australia
| | - Gemma Vitetta
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Jeremy D. Henson
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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26
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Ranneh Y, Mahmoud AM, Fadel A, Abu Bakar MF, Md Akim A. Comments on "Probiotic Bifidobacterium strains and galactooligosaccharides improve intestinal barrier function in obese adults but show no synergism when used together as synbiotics". Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228359. [PMID: 37663246 PMCID: PMC10469835 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Ranneh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman M. Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Physiology Division, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulmannan Fadel
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liver-Pool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdah Md Akim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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27
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Chen C, Huang J, Omedi JO, Huang C, Cheng X, Zhang B, Li N, Gao T, Liang L, Zheng J, Zeng Y, Zhou Z, Huang W. Characteristics of the microstructure and the key components of white kidney bean sourdough bread induced by mixed-strain fermentation and its influence on gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:7413-7425. [PMID: 37475602 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01547e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of mixed-strain fermentation using Kluyveromyces marxianus with either Lactobacillus plantarum or Pediococcus pentosaceus on the physiochemical and nutritional properties of white kidney bean flour sourdough was investigated. The results indicated that mixed-strain fermentation reduced the anti-nutritional factors produced from the white kidney bean flour, especially in the sourdough fermented by L. plantarum and K. marxianus (WKS-LK) compared to that by P. pentosaceus and K. marxianus (WKS-JK). Meanwhile, the content of lactic acid and acetic acid and the proportion of peptides with molecular weights ranging from <500 to 5000 Da were increased in the sourdoughs (WKS-LK > WKS-JK). Compared to the control (WK), microstructural characteristics of the dough seemed to be improved in WKS-LK followed by WKS-JK in terms of their corresponding gluten network consistency. Moreover, mixed fermentation led to a reduced starch digestibility accompanied by a higher content of resistant starch and slowly digestible starch. In contrast, protein digestibility was enhanced in WKS-LK and WKS-JK sourdough breads. More importantly, the changes in gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, systemic inflammation, glucose tolerance and liver tissue histopathology following 21-day consumption of the sourdough bread were also evaluated via an animal model. The intake of sourdough breads reduced the abundance of the pathogenic microbiota Escherichia shigella. In contrast, the corresponding abundance of Rikenellaceae, Akkermansiaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Prevotellaceae and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes was increased, followed by enhanced SCFA generation, with the highest in WKS-LK and then WKS-JK. Meanwhile, a reduced level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum and improved glucose tolerance and liver tissue histopathology following the bread consumption were also achieved in the order of WKS-LK, then WKS-JK mice compared to WK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jacob Ojobi Omedi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Chengye Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Binle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Guangzhou Puratos Food Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Tiecheng Gao
- Guangzhou Puratos Food Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jianxian Zheng
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, and Guangzhou Institute of Food Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yongqing Zeng
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, and Guangzhou Institute of Food Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Weining Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Nutritional Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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28
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Zhao H, Zhao Z, He K, Mi N, Lou K, Dong X, Zhang W, Sun J, Hu X, Pang S, Cheng H, Wen Q. Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Safety of Janagliflozin in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Renal Impairment. Clin Pharmacokinet 2023; 62:1093-1103. [PMID: 37284974 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janagliflozin is a novel sodium-glucose cotransport-2 inhibitor. Despite its remarkable effect in glycemic control, no systematic research has evaluated the effect of renal impairment (RI) on its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. METHODS Here, patients with T2DM (n = 30) were divided into normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2), mild RI (eGFR between 60 and 89 mL/min/1.73 m2), moderate RI-I (eGFR between 45 and 59 mL/min/1.73 m2), and moderate RI-II (eGFR between 30 and 44 mL/min/1.73 m2) groups. They were administered 50 mg janagliflozin orally, and plasma and urine samples were collected for the determination of janagliflozin concentration. RESULTS Following oral administration, janagliflozin was rapidly absorbed, with the time to Cmax of 2-6 h for janagliflozin and 3-6 h for its metabolite XZP-5185. Plasma exposure levels were similar for janagliflozin in T2DM patients with or without RI but decreased for the metabolite XZP-5185 in T2DM patients with eGFR between 45 and 89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Janagliflozin significantly promoted the excretion of urinary glucose, even in patients with reduced eGFR. Janagliflozin was well tolerated in patients with T2DM with or without RI, and no serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred during this trial. CONCLUSIONS The exposure levels of janagliflozin in T2DM patients were slightly increased with worsening of RI (i.e., 11% increase in the AUC in patients with moderate RI compared with the normal renal function group). Despite worsening of renal function, janagliflozin exerted a significant pharmacologic effect and was well tolerated, even in patients with moderate RI, implying a promising role in the treatment of patients with in T2DM. REGISTRATION China Drug Trial register ( http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/I ) identifier no.: CTR20192721.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengli Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirui Zhao
- Department of Renal Division, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2 Anzhen Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun He
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianrong Mi
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Lou
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Sun
- Jilin Huisheng Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jilin, 135000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Jilin Huisheng Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jilin, 135000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguang Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Renal Division, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.2 Anzhen Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Li Xia District, Jinan, 250013, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Remund B, Yilmaz B, Sokollik C. D-Lactate: Implications for Gastrointestinal Diseases. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:945. [PMID: 37371177 DOI: 10.3390/children10060945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
D-lactate is produced in very low amounts in human tissues. However, certain bacteria in the human intestine produce D-lactate. In some gastrointestinal diseases, increased bacterial D-lactate production and uptake from the gut into the bloodstream take place. In its extreme, excessive accumulation of D-lactate in humans can lead to potentially life-threatening D-lactic acidosis. This metabolic phenomenon is well described in pediatric patients with short bowel syndrome. Less is known about a subclinical rise in D-lactate. We discuss in this review the pathophysiology of D-lactate in the human body. We cover D-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome as well as subclinical elevations of D-lactate in other diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, we argue for the potential of D-lactate as a marker of intestinal barrier integrity in the context of dysbiosis. Subsequently, we conclude that there is a research need to establish D-lactate as a minimally invasive biomarker in gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barblin Remund
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Sokollik
- Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Beldowska A, Barszcz M, Dunislawska A. State of the art in research on the gut-liver and gut-brain axis in poultry. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:37. [PMID: 37038205 PMCID: PMC10088153 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the intestines and their microbiota, the liver, and the neuronal system is called the gut-liver-brain axis. This relationship has been studied and observed for a relatively short time but is considered in the development of research focused on, e.g., liver diseases and intestinal dysbiosis. The role of the gut microbiota in this relationship is crucial, as it acts on poultry's performance and feed utilization, affecting meat and egg quality. The correct composition of the intestinal microbiota makes it possible to determine the essential metabolic pathways and biological processes of the individual components of the microbiota, allowing further speculation of the role of microbial populations on internal organs such as the liver and brain in the organism. The gut microbiota forms a complex, dense axis with the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. The symbiotic relationship between the liver and gut microbiota is based on immune, metabolic and neuroendocrine regulation, and stabilization. On the other hand, the gut-brain axis is a bidirectional interaction and information transfer system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. The following paper will discuss the current state of knowledge of the gut-liver-brain axis of poultry, including factors that may affect this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Beldowska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka 28, Bydgoszcz, 85-084, Poland
| | - Marcin Barszcz
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, Jabłonna, 05-110, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dunislawska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka 28, Bydgoszcz, 85-084, Poland.
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Ivashkin V, Shifrin O, Maslennikov R, Poluektova E, Korolev A, Kudryavtseva A, Krasnov G, Benuni N, Barbara G. Eubiotic effect of rifaximin is associated with decreasing abdominal pain in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease: results from an observational cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:82. [PMID: 36959568 PMCID: PMC10037807 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifaximin effectively treats symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and has shown eubiotic potential (i.e., an increase in resident microbial elements with potential beneficial effects) in other diseases. This study investigated changes in the fecal microbiome of patients with SUDD after repeated monthly treatment with rifaximin and the association of these changes with the severity of abdominal pain. METHODS This was a single-center, prospective, observational, uncontrolled cohort study. Patients received rifaximin 400 mg twice a day for 7 days per month for 6 months. Abdominal pain (assessed on a 4-point scale from 0 [no pain] to 3 [severe pain]) and fecal microbiome (assessed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing) were assessed at inclusion (baseline) and 3 and 6 months. The Spearman's rank test analyzed the relationship between changes in the gut microbiome and the severity of abdominal pain. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the 23 patients enrolled, 12 patients completed the study and were included in the analysis. Baseline abdominal pain levels decreased significantly after 3 (p = 0.036) and 6 (p = 0.008) months of treatment with rifaximin. The abundance of Akkermansia in the fecal microbiome was significantly higher at 3 (p = 0.017) and 6 (p = 0.015) months versus baseline. The abundance of Ruminococcaceae (p = 0.034), Veillonellaceae (p = 0.028), and Dialister (p = 0.036) were significantly increased at 6 months versus baseline, whereas Anaerostipes (p = 0.049) was significantly decreased. The severity of abdominal pain was negatively correlated with the abundance of Akkermansia (r=-0.482; p = 0.003) and Ruminococcaceae (r=-0.371; p = 0.026) but not with Veillonellaceae, Dialister, or Anaerostipes. After 3 months of rifaximin, abdominal pain was significantly less in patients with Akkermansia in their fecal microbiome than in patients without Akkermansia (p = 0.022). CONCLUSION The eubiotic effect of rifaximin was associated with decreased abdominal pain in patients with SUDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ivashkin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Scientific Community for the Human Microbiome Research, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Shifrin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Roman Maslennikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
- Scientific Community for the Human Microbiome Research, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Elena Poluektova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Scientific Community for the Human Microbiome Research, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Korolev
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kudryavtseva
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Research, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Research, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nona Benuni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Giovanni Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Bologna, Italy
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Guo XJ, Dai SX, Lou JD, Ma XX, Hu XJ, Tu LP, Cui J, Lu H, Jiang T, Xu JT. Distribution characteristics of oral microbiota and its relationship with intestinal microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119201. [PMID: 37025407 PMCID: PMC10072265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a high incidence rate globally, increasing the burden of death, disability, and the economy worldwide. Previous studies have found that the compositions of oral and intestinal microbiota changed respectively in T2DM; whether the changes were associated or interacted between the two sites and whether there were some associations between T2DM and the ectopic colonization of oral microbiota in the gut still need to be identified. Research design and methods We performed a cross-sectional observational study; 183 diabetes and 74 controls were enrolled. We used high-throughput sequencing technology to detect the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA in oral and stool samples. The Source Tracker method was used to identify the proportion of the intestinal microbiota that ectopic colonized from the oral cavity. Results The oral marker bacteria of T2DM were found, such as Actinobacteria, Streptococcus, Rothia, and the intestinal marker bacteria were Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and Blautia at the genus level. Among them, Actinobacteria and Blautia played a vital role in different symbiotic relationships of oral and intestinal microbiota. The commonly distributed bacteria, such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, were found in both oral and intestine. Moreover, the relative abundance and composition of bacteria were different between the two sites. The glycine betaine degradation I pathway was the significantly up-regulated pathway in the oral and intestinal flora of T2DM. The main serum indexes related to oral and intestinal flora were inflammatory. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the intestine and the Spirochete in oral was positively correlated, and the correlation coefficient was the highest, was 0.240 (P<0.01). The proportion of ectopic colonization of oral flora in the gut of T2DM was 2.36%. Conclusion The dysbacteriosis exited in the oral and intestine simultaneously, and there were differences and connections in the flora composition at the two sites in T2DM. Ectopic colonization of oral flora in the intestine might relate to T2DM. Further, clarifying the oral-gut-transmitting bacteria can provide an essential reference for diagnosing and treating T2DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-jing Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-xuan Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-di Lou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-xiang Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-juan Hu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Health Service in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-ping Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-tuo Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Das S, Gnanasambandan R. Intestinal microbiome diversity of diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease: Current status and future perspective. Life Sci 2023; 316:121414. [PMID: 36682521 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A significant portion of the health burden of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is caused by both type 1 and type 2 diabetes which leads to morbidity and mortality globally. It is one of the most common diabetic complications characterized by loss of renal function with high prevalence, often leading to acute kidney disease (AKD). Inflammation triggered by gut microbiota is commonly associated with the development of DKD. Interactions between the gut microbiota and the host are correlated in maintaining metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis. However, the fundamental processes through which the gut microbiota affects the onset and progression of DKD are mainly unknown. In this narrative review, we summarised the potential role of the gut microbiome, their pathogenicity between diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and their impact on host immunity. A well-established association has already been seen between gut microbiota, diabetes and kidney disease. The gut-kidney interrelationship is confirmed by mounting evidence linking gut dysbiosis to DKD, however, it is still unclear what is the real cause of gut dysbiosis, the development of DKD, and its progression. In addition, we also try to distinguish novel biomarkers for early detection of DKD and the possible therapies that can be used to regulate the gut microbiota and improve the host immune response. This early detection and new therapies will help clinicians for better management of the disease and help improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Das
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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Gut Microbiota, LADA, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evolving Relationship. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030707. [PMID: 36979685 PMCID: PMC10045633 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is much evidence confirming the crucial role played by the gut microbiota in modulating the immune system in the onset of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we focus on the relationship between alterations in the microbiome and the onset of diabetes mellitus type 1 and LADA, in light of the latest evidence. We will then look at both how the role of the gut microbiota appears to be increasingly crucial in the pathogenesis of these disorders and how this aspect may be instrumental in the development of new potential therapeutic strategies that modulate the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Mao ZH, Gao ZX, Liu DW, Liu ZS, Wu P. Gut microbiota and its metabolites - molecular mechanisms and management strategies in diabetic kidney disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1124704. [PMID: 36742307 PMCID: PMC9896007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1124704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and is also one of the serious risk factors in cardiovascular events, end-stage renal disease, and mortality. DKD is associated with the diversified, compositional, and functional alterations of gut microbiota. The interaction between gut microbiota and host is mainly achieved through metabolites, which are small molecules produced by microbial metabolism from exogenous dietary substrates and endogenous host compounds. The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of DKD by producing multitudinous metabolites. Nevertheless, detailed mechanisms of gut microbiota and its metabolites involved in the occurrence and development of DKD have not been completely elucidated. This review summarizes the specific classes of gut microbiota-derived metabolites, aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of gut microbiota in DKD pathophysiology and progression, recognizes biomarkers for the screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of DKD, as well as provides novel therapeutic strategies for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hui Mao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Xiuzi Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Wei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Suo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Peng Wu, ; Zhang-Suo Liu,
| | - Peng Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Peng Wu, ; Zhang-Suo Liu,
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Ghotaslou R, Nabizadeh E, Memar MY, Law WMH, Ozma MA, Abdi M, Yekani M, Kadkhoda H, hosseinpour R, Bafadam S, Ghotaslou A, Leylabadlo HE, Nezhadi J. The metabolic, protective, and immune functions of Akkermansia muciniphila. Microbiol Res 2023; 266:127245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jia L, Huang S, Sun B, Shang Y, Zhu C. Pharmacomicrobiomics and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A novel perspective towards possible treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1149256. [PMID: 37033254 PMCID: PMC10076675 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1149256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a major driver of mortality worldwide, is more likely to develop other cardiometabolic risk factors, ultimately leading to diabetes-related mortality. Although a set of measures including lifestyle intervention and antidiabetic drugs have been proposed to manage T2DM, problems associated with potential side-effects and drug resistance are still unresolved. Pharmacomicrobiomics is an emerging field that investigates the interactions between the gut microbiome and drug response variability or drug toxicity. In recent years, increasing evidence supports that the gut microbiome, as the second genome, can serve as an attractive target for improving drug efficacy and safety by manipulating its composition. In this review, we outline the different composition of gut microbiome in T2DM and highlight how these microbiomes actually play a vital role in its development. Furthermore, we also investigate current state-of-the-art knowledge on pharmacomicrobiomics and microbiome's role in modulating the response to antidiabetic drugs, as well as provide innovative potential personalized treatments, including approaches for predicting response to treatment and for modulating the microbiome to improve drug efficacy or reduce drug toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiqiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Boyu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People’s Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongguang Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yongguang Shang, ; Chunsheng Zhu,
| | - Chunsheng Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongguang Shang, ; Chunsheng Zhu,
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Mázala-de-Oliveira T, Jannini de Sá YAP, Carvalho VDF. Impact of gut-peripheral nervous system axis on the development of diabetic neuropathy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2023; 118:e220197. [PMID: 36946851 PMCID: PMC10027071 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a reduction in the production and/or action of insulin, with consequent development of hyperglycemia. Diabetic patients, especially those who develop neuropathy, presented dysbiosis, with an increase in the proportion of pathogenic bacteria and a decrease in the butyrate-producing bacteria. Due to this dysbiosis, diabetic patients presented a weakness of the intestinal permeability barrier and high bacterial product translocation to the bloodstream, in parallel to a high circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. In this context, we propose here that dysbiosis-induced increased systemic levels of bacterial products, like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leads to an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, by Schwann cells and spinal cord of diabetics, being crucial for the development of neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinicius de Frias Carvalho
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- + Corresponding author:
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Naseri K, Saadati S, Ghaemi F, Ashtary-Larky D, Asbaghi O, Sadeghi A, Afrisham R, de Courten B. The effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in subjects with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:543-561. [PMID: 36239789 PMCID: PMC9941248 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics or synbiotics consumption have been suggested to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) through a decline in inflammation and oxidative stress, however, the results from studies are conflicting. This study filled this knowledge gap by evaluating randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating probiotics or synbiotics intake on adipokines, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with prediabetes and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We systematically did search up to March 2022 in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane library. A random-effect model was applied to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each outcome. RESULTS A total of 32 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. This intervention led to a significant decrease in levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD - 0.62 mg/l; 95% CI - 0.80, - 0.44; p < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (WMD - 0.27 pg/ml; 95% CI - 0.44, - 0.10; p = 0.002) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD - 0.51 µmol/l; 95% CI - 0.73, - 0.30; p < 0.001), and also a significant increase in levels of glutathione (GSH) (WMD 69.80 µmol/l; 95% CI 33.65, 105.95; p < 0.001), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD 73.59 mmol/l; 95% CI 33.24, 113.95; p < 0.001) and nitric oxide (NO) (WMD 7.49 µmol/l; 95% CI 3.12, 11.86; p = 0.001), without significant alterations in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and adipokines levels. CONCLUSION A consumption of probiotics or synbiotics could be a useful intervention to improve cardiometabolic outcomes through a reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with prediabetes and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Naseri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Farahnaz Ghaemi
- Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Australia.
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Renal Health Improvement in Diabetes through Microbiome Modulation of the Gut-Kidney Axis with Biotics: A Systematic and Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314838. [PMID: 36499168 PMCID: PMC9740604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide, with over 20% of patients ultimately developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a complex nephropathic complication that is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Various clinical trials have utilized probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to attempt to positively modulate the gut microbiome via the gut-kidney axis, but consensus is limited. We conducted a multi-database systematic review to investigate the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on various biomarkers of renal health in diabetes, based on studies published through 10 April 2022. Adhering to the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, relevant articles were systematically screened and extracted by independent reviewers; subsequently, results were systematically compiled, analyzed, and expanded through a narrative discussion. A total of 16 publications encompassing 903 diabetic individuals met the inclusion criteria. Our findings show that some studies report statistically significant changes in common renal markers, such as serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood urea nitrogen/urea, microalbuminuria, and uric acid, but not on serum albumin, sodium, potassium, phosphorous, or total urine protein. Interestingly, these nutraceuticals seem to increase serum uric acid concentrations, an inflammatory marker usually associated with decreased renal health. We found that probiotics from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families were the most investigated, followed by Streptococcus thermophilus. Prebiotics including inulin, galacto-oligosaccharide, and resistant dextrin were also examined. The single-species probiotic soymilk formulation of Lactobacillus plantarum A7 possessed effects on multiple renal biomarkers in DKD patients without adverse events. We further investigated the optimum nutraceutical formulation, discussed findings from prior studies, described the gut-kidney axis in diabetes and DKD, and finally commented on some possible mechanisms of action of these nutraceuticals on renal health in diabetics. Although probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have shown some potential in ameliorating renal health degradation in diabetes via gut-kidney axis crosstalk, larger and more convincing trials with focused objectives and next-generation nutraceutical formulations are required to investigate their possible role as adjunct therapy in such patients.
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Yao B, Pan B, Tian T, Su X, Zhang S, Li H, Li W, Wang Y, Lv S, Zhang Z. Baihu renshen decoction ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats through affecting gut microbiota enhancing gut permeability and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1051962. [PMID: 36439213 PMCID: PMC9691847 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1051962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Baihu Rensheng decoction (BHRS) can effectively improve insulin resistance (IR) and decrease blood glucose in diabetic patients. However, its specific mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model was established using a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection and treated with BHRS. Firstly, the therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects of BHRS on T2DM were evaluated. Secondly, the effects of BHRS on gut permeability were evaluated and western blot was used to detect the changes of TLR4/NF-κB pathway-related protein expressions in liver. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to detect alteration of gut microbiota diversity and abundance in rats after BHRS treatment. Our results showed that BHRS could alleviate the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, IR, and pathological changes of liver, pancreas, and kidney in T2DM rats. BHRS could also decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the oxidative stress. Immunohistochemistry showed BHRS could increase the expression tight junction-related proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) in colon. Besides, the level of LPS in serum was decreased after BHRS treatment. Western blot results showed that the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88 and the phosphorylation IκB, and NF-κBp65 were lowered after BHRS treatment. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that BHRS treatment altered the diversity of gut microbiotra and decreases the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F to B) ratio at the phylum level. At the genus level, BHRS could increase the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Anaerostipes and decrease the relative abundances of Allobaculum, Candidatus Saccharimonas, and Ruminococcus. In conclusion, our study revealed the various ameliorative effects of BHRS on T2DM, including improving the liver and kidney functions and alleviating the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, pathological changes, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The mechanisms of BHRS on T2DM are likely linked to the repair of gut barrier and the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and the improvement in the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Baochao Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhai Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hanzhou Li
- Graduate School, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Wendong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yuansong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Shuquan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Zhaiyi Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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42
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Kaplan M, Şahutoğlu AS, Sarıtaş S, Duman H, Arslan A, Pekdemir B, Karav S. Role of milk glycome in prevention, treatment, and recovery of COVID-19. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1033779. [PMID: 36424926 PMCID: PMC9680090 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1033779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk contains all essential macro and micro-nutrients for the development of the newborn. Its high therapeutic and antimicrobial content provides an important function for the prevention, treatment, and recovery of certain diseases throughout life. The bioactive components found in milk are mostly decorated with glycans, which provide proper formation and modulate the biological functions of glycosylated compounds. The glycome of milk consists of free glycans, glycolipids, and N- and O- glycosylated proteins. Recent studies have shown that both free glycans and glycan-containing molecules have antiviral characteristics based on different mechanisms such as signaling, microbiome modulation, natural decoy strategy, and immunomodulatory action. In this review, we discuss the recent clinical studies and potential mechanisms of free and conjugated glycans' role in the prevention, treatment, and recovery of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | | | - Sümeyye Sarıtaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Hatice Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Burcu Pekdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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43
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Drake AM, Coughlan MT, Christophersen CT, Snelson M. Resistant Starch as a Dietary Intervention to Limit the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:4547. [PMID: 36364808 PMCID: PMC9656781 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease, and as the number of individuals with diabetes increases there is a concomitant increase in the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Diabetes contributes to the development of DKD through a number of pathways, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and the gut-kidney axis, which may be amenable to dietary therapy. Resistant starch (RS) is a dietary fibre that alters the gut microbial consortium, leading to an increase in the microbial production of short chain fatty acids. Evidence from animal and human studies indicate that short chain fatty acids are able to attenuate inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, which may mitigate the progression of DKD. In this review, we evaluate and summarise the evidence from both preclinical models of DKD and clinical trials that have utilised RS as a dietary therapy to limit the progression of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Drake
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Melinda T. Coughlan
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Claus T. Christophersen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- WA Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, School of Molecular Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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44
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The beneficial mechanism of chitosan and chitooligosaccharides in the intestine on different health status. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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45
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Feng Y, Song Y, Zhou J, Duan Y, Kong T, Ma H, Zhang H. Recent progress of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites and health: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2917-2940. [PMID: 36168931 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2128037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is symbiotically associated with host health, learning about the characteristics of microbiota and the factors that modulate it could assist in developing strategies to promote human health and prevent diseases. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum (LBPs) are found beneficial for enhancing the activity of gut microbiota, as a potential prebiotic, which not only participates in improving body immunity, obesity, hyperlipidemia and systemic inflammation induced by oxidative stress, but also plays a magnificent role in regulating intestinal microenvironment and improving host health and target intestinal effects via its biological activities, as well as gut microbiota and metabolites. To highlight the internal relationship between intestinal microbiota and LBPs, this review focuses on the latest advances in LBPs on the intestinal microbiota, metabolites, immune regulation, intestinal barrier protection, microbiota-gut-brain axis and host health. Moreover, the preparation, structure, bioactivity and modification of LBPs were also discussed. This review may offer new perspective on LBPs improving health of gut and host via intestinal microbiota, and provide useful guidelines for the application of LBPs in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yating Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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46
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Zhao H, Wei Y, He K, Zhao X, Mu H, Wen Q. Prediction of Janagliflozin Pharmacokinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Liver Cirrhosis or Renal Impairment Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 179:106298. [PMID: 36162752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Janagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The janagliflozin pharmacokinetics (PK) in T2DM patients with cirrhosis or renal impairment (RI) are unknown. To predict the janagliflozin PK in these patients, we constructed a physiologically based PK (PBPK) model that predicted the janagliflozin PK in normal animals. The model was extrapolated to healthy humans and optimized with the measured data. A PBPK model for T2DM patients was developed and optimized with the measured data. Based on the physiological alterations in cirrhosis or RI patients, the T2DM model was applied to predict the janagliflozin PK in these patients. Results were validated using fold error values. The predicted AUC values were 21880, 24881, 26996, and 28419 ng/ml·h in T2DM patients with no cirrhosis, Child-Pugh-A, B, and C, respectively, and those in T2DM patients with RI-mild, RI-moderate, and RI-severe were 21810, 21840, and 22845 ng/ml·h, respectively. Janagliflozin exposure increased with increasing cirrhosis severity, whereas it remained stable regardless of the RI severity. The PBPK model predicted the janagliflozin PK in patients with T2DM and liver cirrhosis or RI. Dose adjustment is less critical for these patients. Risk benefit assessment in janagliflozin dosing for T2DM patients with liver disease is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengli Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China
| | - Yilin Wei
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China
| | - Kun He
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China
| | - Hongli Mu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 China.
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47
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Chu N, Chan JCN, Chow E. A diet high in FODMAPs as a novel dietary strategy in diabetes? Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2103-2112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Snelson M, Rampanelli E, Nieuwdorp M, Hanssen NMJ, Coughlan MT. Microbial influencers: treating diabetes through the gut. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:390-393. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Snelson
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM) Institute Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII) Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nordin MJ Hanssen
- Diabetes Centrum, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia
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49
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Prebiotics as a Tool for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes: Classification and Ability to Modulate the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116097. [PMID: 35682774 PMCID: PMC9181475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and obesity are metabolic diseases that have become alarming conditions in recent decades. Their rate of increase is becoming a growing concern worldwide. Recent studies have established that the composition and dysfunction of the gut microbiota are associated with the development of diabetes. For this reason, strategies such as the use of prebiotics to improve intestinal microbial structure and function have become popular. Consumption of prebiotics for modulating the gut microbiota results in the production of microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids that play essential roles in reducing blood glucose levels, mitigating insulin resistance, reducing inflammation, and promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 in the host, and this accounts for the observed remission of metabolic diseases. Prebiotics can be either naturally extracted from non-digestible carbohydrate materials or synthetically produced. In this review, we discussed current findings on how the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites may influence host metabolism to promote health. We provided evidence from various studies that show the ability of prebiotic consumption to alter gut microbial profile, improve gut microbial metabolism and functions, and improve host physiology to alleviate diabetes and obesity. We conclude among other things that the application of systems biology coupled with bioinformatics could be essential in ascertaining the exact mechanisms behind the prebiotic–gut microbe–host interactions required for diabetes and obesity improvement.
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50
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Liu L, Lu Y, Xu C, Chen H, Wang X, Wang Y, Cai B, Li B, Verstrepen L, Ghyselinck J, Marzorati M, Yao Q. The Modulation of Chaihu Shugan Formula on Microbiota Composition in the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem Technology Platform and its Influence on Gut Barrier and Intestinal Immunity in Caco-2/THP1-Blue™ Cell Co-Culture Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820543. [PMID: 35370677 PMCID: PMC8964513 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)–Chaihu Shugan Formula (CSF), consisting of several Chinese botanical drugs like Bupleurum, is derived from the ancient Chinese pharmacopeia. It has been used for more than thousands of years in various suboptimal health statuses and diseases induced by chronic stress based on empirical therapy. Recent studies confirm the role of CSF in the development of many diseases, including depression, stress-induced hepatic injury and tumors. However, little has been known about the mechanisms behind the health effects of CSF. Here, we investigate the influence of CSF on the modulation of the simulated colonic microbiota of five healthy donors, gut barrier integrity, and intestinal immunity by combining the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME®) technology platform with co-culture of intestinal and immune cells. This approach revealed that CSF stimulated the production of SCFA (acetate, propionate and butyrate) across donors while significantly lowering the production of branched SCFA (bSCFA). In terms of community composition, CSF stimulated a broad spectrum of health-related Bifidobacterium species, which are potent acetate and lactate producers. At the same time, it lowered the abundance of opportunistic pathogenic Escherichia coli. Later, we explore the effect of colonic fermentation of CSF on the gut barrier and intestinal immunity in the Caco-2/THP1-blue™ cell co-culture model. Based on the study using SHIME technology platform, CSF showed protective effects on inflammation-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption in all donors. Also, the treatment of CSF showed pronounced anti-inflammatory properties by strongly inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. These findings demonstrate a significant modulatory effect of CSF on intestinal gut microbiota. CSF-microbial fermentation products improved the gut barrier and controlled intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuanying Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biyu Cai
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- Leuven Health Technology Centre China Centre, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Massimo Marzorati
- Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,ProDigest BV, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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