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Yun Y, Wang M, Guo S, Xie X. Topoisomerase Inhibitors and PIM1 Kinase Inhibitors Improve Gene Editing Efficiency Mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 and Homology-Directed Repair. Molecules 2024; 29:2890. [PMID: 38930955 PMCID: PMC11206257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas9 system has emerged as the most prevalent gene editing technology due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and low cost. However, the homology-directed repair (HDR)-mediated gene knock-in in this system suffers from low efficiency, which limits its application in animal model preparation, gene therapy, and agricultural genetic improvement. Here, we report the design and optimization of a simple and efficient reporter-based assay to visualize and quantify HDR efficiency. Through random screening of a small molecule compound library, two groups of compounds, including the topoisomerase inhibitors and PIM1 kinase inhibitors, have been identified to promote HDR. Two representative compounds, etoposide and quercetagetin, also significantly enhance the efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9 and HDR-mediated gene knock-in in mouse embryos. Our study not only provides an assay to screen compounds that may facilitate HDR but also identifies useful tool compounds to facilitate the construction of genetically modified animal models with the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China;
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (M.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shimeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (M.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (M.W.); (S.G.)
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
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2
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Rout AK, Dehury B, Parida SN, Rout SS, Jena R, Kaushik N, Kaushik NK, Pradhan SK, Sahoo CR, Singh AK, Arya M, Behera BK. A review on structure-function mechanism and signaling pathway of serine/threonine protein PIM kinases as a therapeutic target. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132030. [PMID: 38704069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The proviral integration for the Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, belonging to serine/threonine kinase family, have been found to be overexpressed in various types of cancers, such as prostate, breast, colon, endometrial, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. The three isoforms PIM kinases i.e., PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 share a high degree of sequence and structural similarity and phosphorylate substrates controlling tumorigenic phenotypes like proliferation and cell survival. Targeting short-lived PIM kinases presents an intriguing strategy as in vivo knock-down studies result in non-lethal phenotypes, indicating that clinical inhibition of PIM might have fewer adverse effects. The ATP binding site (hinge region) possesses distinctive attributes, which led to the development of novel small molecule scaffolds that target either one or all three PIM isoforms. Machine learning and structure-based approaches have been at the forefront of developing novel and effective chemical therapeutics against PIM in preclinical and clinical settings, and none have yet received approval for cancer treatment. The stability of PIM isoforms is maintained by PIM kinase activity, which leads to resistance against PIM inhibitors and chemotherapy; thus, to overcome such effects, PIM proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are now being developed that specifically degrade PIM proteins. In this review, we recapitulate an overview of the oncogenic functions of PIM kinases, their structure, function, and crucial signaling network in different types of cancer, and the potential of pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors. Further, our comprehensive review also provides valuable insights for developing novel antitumor drugs that specifically target PIM kinases in the future. In conclusion, we provide insights into the benefits of degrading PIM kinases as opposed to blocking their catalytic activity to address the oncogenic potential of PIM kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaya Kumar Rout
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Budheswar Dehury
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Satya Narayan Parida
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushree Swati Rout
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Rajkumar Jena
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong si, South Korea
| | | | - Sukanta Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar-751023, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Singh
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Arya
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Galal KA, Krämer A, Strickland BG, Smith JL, Dickmander RJ, Moorman NJ, Willson TM. Identification of 4-(6-((2-methoxyphenyl)amino)pyrazin-2-yl)benzoic acids as CSNK2A inhibitors with antiviral activity and improved selectivity over PIM3. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 99:129617. [PMID: 38199328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyrazines as potent cell active CSNK2A inhibitors. 4'-Carboxyphenyl was found to be the optimal 2-pyrazine substituent for CSNK2A activity, with little tolerance for additional modification. At the 6-position, modifications of the 6-isopropylaminoindazole substituent were explored to improve selectivity over PIM3 while maintaining potent CSNK2A inhibition. The 6-isopropoxyindole analogue 6c was identified as a nanomolar CSNK2A inhibitor with 30-fold selectivity over PIM3 in cells. Replacement of the 6-isopropoxyindole by isosteric ortho-methoxy anilines, such as 7c, generated analogues with selectivity for CSNK2A over PIM3 and improved the kinome-wide selectivity. The optimized 2,6-disubstituted pyrazines showed inhibition of viral replication consistent with their CSNK2A activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem A Galal
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 15, Frankfurt 60438, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, Frankfurt 60596, Germany
| | - Benjamin G Strickland
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeffery L Smith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebekah J Dickmander
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Moorman
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy M Willson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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4
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Chen L, Mao W, Ren C, Li J, Zhang J. Comprehensive Insights that Targeting PIM for Cancer Therapy: Prospects and Obstacles. J Med Chem 2024; 67:38-64. [PMID: 38164076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proviral integration sitea for Moloney-murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are a family of highly conserved serine/tyrosine kinases consisting of three members, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3. These kinases regulate a wide range of substrates through phosphorylation and affect key cellular processes such as transcription, translation, proliferation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Several PIM inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical trials, such as a phase I clinical trial of Uzanserti (5) for the treatment of relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that has been completed. The current focus encompasses the structural and biological characterization of PIM, ongoing research progress on small-molecule inhibitors undergoing clinical trials, and evaluation analysis of persisting challenges in this field. Additionally, the design and discovery of small-molecule inhibitors targeting PIM in recent years have been explored, with a particular emphasis on medicinal chemistry, aiming to provide valuable insights for the future development of PIM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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5
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Zhao Y, Xing C, Deng Y, Ye C, Peng H. HIF-1α signaling: Essential roles in tumorigenesis and implications in targeted therapies. Genes Dis 2024; 11:234-251. [PMID: 37588219 PMCID: PMC10425810 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic microenvironment is an essential characteristic of most malignant tumors. Notably, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a key regulatory factor of cellular adaptation to hypoxia, and many critical pathways are correlated with the biological activity of organisms via HIF-1α. In the intra-tumoral hypoxic environment, HIF-1α is highly expressed and contributes to the malignant progression of tumors, which in turn results in a poor prognosis in patients. Recently, it has been indicated that HIF-1α involves in various critical processes of life events and tumor development via regulating the expression of HIF-1α target genes, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, immune response, therapeutic resistance, etc. Apart from solid tumors, accumulating evidence has revealed that HIF-1α is also closely associated with the development and progression of hematological malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Targeted inhibition of HIF-1α can facilitate an increased sensitivity of patients with malignancies to relevant therapeutic agents. In the review, we elaborated on the basic structure and biological functions of HIF-1α and summarized their current role in various malignancies. It is expected that they will have future potential for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Cheng Xing
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yating Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Can Ye
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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6
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Park YS, kim J, Ryu YS, moon JH, shin YJ, kim JH, hong SW, jung SA, lee S, kim SM, lee DH, kim DY, yun H, you JE, yoon DI, kim CH, koh DI, jin DH. Mutant PIK3CA as a negative predictive biomarker for treatment with a highly selective PIM1 inhibitor in human colon cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2246208. [PMID: 37621144 PMCID: PMC10461515 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2246208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant improvement in targeted therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) has occurred over the past few decades since the approval of the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab. However, cetuximab is used only for patients possessing the wild-type oncogene KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF, and even most of these eventually acquire therapeutic resistance, via activation of parallel oncogenic pathways such as RAS-MAPK or PI3K/Akt/mTOR. The two aforementioned pathways also contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in CRC patients, due to compensatory and feedback mechanisms. Therefore, combination drug therapies (versus monotherapy) targeting these multiple pathways may be necessary for further efficacy against CRC. In this study, we identified PIK3CA mutant (PIK3CA MT) as a determinant of resistance to SMI-4a, a highly selective PIM1 kinase inhibitor, in CRC cell lines. In CRC cell lines, SMI-4a showed its effect only in PIK3CA wild type (PIK3CA WT) cell lines, while PIK3CA MT cells did not respond to SMI-4a in cell death assays. In vivo xenograft and PDX experiments confirmed that PIK3CA MT is responsible for the resistance to SMI-4a. Inhibition of PIK3CA MT by PI3K inhibitors restored SMI-4a sensitivity in PIK3CA MT CRC cell lines. Taken together, these results demonstrate that sensitivity to SMI-4a is determined by the PIK3CA genotype and that co-targeting of PI3K and PIM1 in PIK3CA MT CRC patients could be a promising and novel therapeutic approach for refractory CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sun Park
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Hee moon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin shin
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo hong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-A jung
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mi kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun you
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il yoon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hee kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon jin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Buchacher T, Shetty A, Koskela SA, Smolander J, Kaukonen R, Sousa AGG, Junttila S, Laiho A, Rundquist O, Lönnberg T, Marson A, Rasool O, Elo LL, Lahesmaa R. PIM kinases regulate early human Th17 cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113469. [PMID: 38039135 PMCID: PMC10765319 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinase family (i.e., PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3) has been extensively studied in tumorigenesis. PIM kinases are downstream of several cytokine signaling pathways that drive immune-mediated diseases. Uncontrolled T helper 17 (Th17) cell activation has been associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. However, the detailed molecular function of PIMs in human Th17 cell regulation has yet to be studied. In the present study, we comprehensively investigated how the three PIMs simultaneously alter transcriptional gene regulation during early human Th17 cell differentiation. By combining PIM triple knockdown with bulk and scRNA-seq approaches, we found that PIM deficiency promotes the early expression of key Th17-related genes while suppressing Th1-lineage genes. Further, PIMs modulate Th cell signaling, potentially via STAT1 and STAT3. Overall, our study highlights the inhibitory role of PIMs in human Th17 cell differentiation, thereby suggesting their association with autoimmune phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Buchacher
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Ankitha Shetty
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Saara A Koskela
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Johannes Smolander
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Riina Kaukonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - António G G Sousa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Junttila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Olof Rundquist
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tapio Lönnberg
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Omid Rasool
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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8
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Galal KA, Krämer A, Strickland BG, Smith JL, Dickmander RJ, Moorman NJ, Willson TM. Identification of 4-(6-((2-methoxyphenyl)amino)pyrazin-2-yl)benzoic acids as CSNK2A inhibitors with antiviral activity and improved selectivity over PIM3. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.04.569845. [PMID: 38106118 PMCID: PMC10723276 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.04.569845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyrazines as potent cell active CSNK2A inhibitors. 4'-Carboxyphenyl was found to be the optimal 2-pyrazine substituent for CSNK2A activity, with little tolerance for additional modification. At the 6-position, modifications of the 6-isopropylaminoindazole substituent were explored to improve selectivity over PIM3 while maintaining potent CSNK2A inhibition. The 6-isopropoxyindole analogue 6c was identified as a nanomolar CSNK2A inhibitor with 30-fold selectivity over PIM3 in cells. Replacement of the 6-isopropoxyindole by isosteric ortho-methoxy anilines, such as 7c, generated analogues with selectivity for CSNK2A over PIM3 and improved the kinome-wide selectivity. The optimized 2,6-disubstituted pyrazines showed inhibition of viral replication consistent with their CSNK2A activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem A. Galal
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 15, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, Frankfurt 60596, Germany
| | - Benjamin G. Strickland
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeffery L. Smith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebekah J. Dickmander
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel J. Moorman
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy M. Willson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Rapidly Emerging Antiviral Drug Development Initiative (READDI), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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9
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Haas M, Fest T. Final step of B-cell differentiation into plasmablasts; the right time to activate plasma cell PIM2 kinase. Immunol Lett 2023; 258:45-50. [PMID: 37207916 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells is a complex process that involves extensive changes in morphology, lifespan, and cellular metabolism to support the high rates of antibody production. During the final stage of differentiation, B cells undergo significant expansion of their endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, which induces cellular stress and may lead to cell death in absence of effective inhibition of the apoptotic pathway. These changes are tightly regulated at transcriptional and epigenetic levels, as well as at post-translational level, with protein modifications playing a critical role in the process of cellular modification and adaptation. Our recent research has highlighted the pivotal role of the serine/threonine kinase PIM2 in B cell differentiation, from commitment stage to plasmablast and maintenance of expression in mature plasma cells. PIM2 has been shown to promote cell cycle progression during the final stage of differentiation and to inhibit Caspase 3 activation, raising the threshold for apoptosis. In this review, we examine the key molecular mechanisms controlled by PIM2 that contribute to plasma cell development and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Haas
- Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang de Bretagne, Team B_DEVIL, UMR_S1236, Rennes, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang de Bretagne, Team B_DEVIL, UMR_S1236, Rennes, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France.
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10
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Takeuchi H, Miyamoto T, Fuseya C, Asaka R, Ida K, Ono M, Tanaka Y, Shinagawa M, Ando H, Asaka S, Shiozawa T. PIM1 is a Poor Prognostic Factor for and Potential Therapeutic Target in Serous Carcinoma of the Endometrium. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2023; 42:282-292. [PMID: 35443252 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Serous carcinoma (SC) is an aggressive histologic type of endometrial carcinoma (EMC) with a poor prognosis. The development of novel therapeutics for SC is an important issue. PIM1 is a serine/threonine kinase involved in various cellular functions, such as cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation via the phosphorylation of many target proteins, including MYC. PIM1 is overexpressed in several cancers and has been associated with treatment-resistance. We investigated the expression and function of PIM1 in EMC, particularly SC. Immunohistochemical analysis in 133 EMC cases [103 endometrioid carcinomas (EC) and 30 SC] revealed the significantly stronger expression of PIM1 in SC than in EC and significantly shorter survival of patients with overexpression of PIM1 in all EMC cases, as well as in only SC cases. A multivariate analysis identified overexpression of PIM1 as an independent prognostic factor. The knockdown of PIM1 by siRNA in the SC cell line, ARK1, decreased the expression of phosphorylated MYC and reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion. The PIM1 inhibitor, SGI-1776, reduced cell viability in SC cell lines (ARK1, ARK2, and SPAC1L) with IC50 between 1 and 5 µM. SGI-1776 also reduced the migration and invasion of ARK1 cells. Moreover, the oral administration of SGI-1776 significantly suppressed subcutaneous ARK1 xenograft tumor growth in nude mice without impairing health. These results indicate that PIM1 is involved in the acquisition of aggressiveness and suggest the potential of PIM1 as a novel therapeutic target and SGI-1776 as a therapeutic agent for SC.
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11
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When Just One Phosphate Is One Too Many: The Multifaceted Interplay between Myc and Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054746. [PMID: 36902175 PMCID: PMC10003727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myc transcription factors are key regulators of many cellular processes, with Myc target genes crucially implicated in the management of cell proliferation and stem pluripotency, energy metabolism, protein synthesis, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. Given the wide involvement of Myc in cellular dynamics, it is not surprising that its overexpression is frequently associated with cancer. Noteworthy, in cancer cells where high Myc levels are maintained, the overexpression of Myc-associated kinases is often observed and required to foster tumour cells' proliferation. A mutual interplay exists between Myc and kinases: the latter, which are Myc transcriptional targets, phosphorylate Myc, allowing its transcriptional activity, highlighting a clear regulatory loop. At the protein level, Myc activity and turnover is also tightly regulated by kinases, with a finely tuned balance between translation and rapid protein degradation. In this perspective, we focus on the cross-regulation of Myc and its associated protein kinases underlying similar and redundant mechanisms of regulation at different levels, from transcriptional to post-translational events. Furthermore, a review of the indirect effects of known kinase inhibitors on Myc provides an opportunity to identify alternative and combined therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
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12
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Targeting Pim kinases in hematological cancers: molecular and clinical review. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:18. [PMID: 36694243 PMCID: PMC9875428 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades of research has recognized a solid role for Pim kinases in lymphoproliferative disorders. Often up-regulated following JAK/STAT and tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, Pim kinases regulate cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, cellular trafficking and signaling. Targeting Pim kinases represents an interesting approach since knock-down of Pim kinases leads to non-fatal phenotypes in vivo suggesting clinical inhibition of Pim may have less side effects. In addition, the ATP binding site offers unique characteristics that can be used for the development of small inhibitors targeting one or all Pim isoforms. This review takes a closer look at Pim kinase expression and involvement in hematopoietic cancers. Current and past clinical trials and in vitro characterization of Pim kinase inhibitors are examined and future directions are discussed. Current studies suggest that Pim kinase inhibition may be most valuable when accompanied by multi-drug targeting therapy.
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13
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Gao AY, Diaz Espinosa AM, Gianì F, Pham TX, Carver CM, Aravamudhan A, Bartman CM, Ligresti G, Caporarello N, Schafer MJ, Haak AJ. Pim-1 kinase is a positive feedback regulator of the senescent lung fibroblast inflammatory secretome. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L685-L697. [PMID: 36223640 PMCID: PMC9744654 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00023.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is emerging as a driver of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive and fatal disease with limited effective therapies. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), involving the release of inflammatory cytokines and profibrotic growth factors by senescent cells, is thought to be a product of multiple cell types in IPF, including lung fibroblasts. NF-κB is a master regulator of the SASP, and its activity depends on the phosphorylation of p65/RelA. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of Pim-1 kinase as a driver of NF-κB-induced production of inflammatory cytokines from low-passage IPF fibroblast cultures displaying markers of senescence. Our results demonstrate that Pim-1 kinase phosphorylates p65/RelA, activating NF-κB activity and enhancing IL-6 production, which in turn amplifies the expression of PIM1, generating a positive feedback loop. In addition, targeting Pim-1 kinase with a small molecule inhibitor dramatically inhibited the expression of a broad array of cytokines and chemokines in IPF-derived fibroblasts. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Pim-1 overexpression in low-passage human lung fibroblasts is sufficient to drive premature senescence, in vitro. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting Pim-1 kinase to reprogram the secretome of senescent fibroblasts and halt IPF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Y Gao
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ana M Diaz Espinosa
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Fiorenza Gianì
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Centel, Catania, Italy
| | - Tho X Pham
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chase M Carver
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aja Aravamudhan
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Colleen M Bartman
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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14
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Clements AN, Warfel NA. Targeting PIM Kinases to Improve the Efficacy of Immunotherapy. Cells 2022; 11:3700. [PMID: 36429128 PMCID: PMC9688203 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Proviral Integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases is a family of serine/threonine kinases that regulates numerous signaling networks that promote cell growth, proliferation, and survival. PIM kinases are commonly upregulated in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that PIM facilitates immune evasion in cancer by promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that suppresses the innate anti-tumor response. The role of PIM in immune evasion has sparked interest in examining the effect of PIM inhibition in combination with immunotherapy. This review focuses on the role of PIM kinases in regulating immune cell populations, how PIM modulates the immune tumor microenvironment to promote immune evasion, and how PIM inhibitors may be used to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Clements
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Noel A. Warfel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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15
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Mung KL, Meinander A, Koskinen PJ. PIM
kinases phosphorylate lactate dehydrogenase A at serine 161 and suppress its nuclear ubiquitination. FEBS J 2022; 290:2489-2502. [PMID: 36239424 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is a glycolytic enzyme catalysing the reversible conversion of pyruvate to lactate. It has been implicated as a substrate for PIM kinases, yet the relevant target sites and functional consequences of phosphorylation have remained unknown. Here, we show that all three PIM family members can phosphorylate LDHA at serine 161. When we investigated the physiological consequences of this phosphorylation in PC3 prostate cancer and MCF7 breast cancer cells, we noticed that it suppressed ubiquitin-mediated degradation of nuclear LDHA and promoted interactions between LDHA and 14-3-3 proteins. By contrast, in CRISPR/Cas9-edited knock-out cells lacking all three PIM family members, ubiquitination of nuclear LDHA was dramatically increased followed by its decreased expression. Our data suggest that PIM kinases support nuclear LDHA expression and activities by promoting phosphorylation-dependent interactions of LDHA with 14-3-3ε, which shields nuclear LDHA from ubiquitin-mediated degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annika Meinander
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, BioCity Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
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16
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Li H, Xie L, Zhu L, Li Z, Wang R, Liu X, Huang Z, Chen B, Gao Y, Wei L, He C, Ju R, Liu Y, Liu X, Zheng Y, Su W. Multicellular immune dynamics implicate PIM1 as a potential therapeutic target for uveitis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5866. [PMID: 36195600 PMCID: PMC9532430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis is a severe autoimmune disease, and a common cause of blindness; however, its individual cellular dynamics and pathogenic mechanism remain poorly understood. Herein, by performing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), we identify disease-associated alterations in cell composition and transcriptional regulation as the disease progressed, as well as a disease-related molecule, PIM1. Inhibiting PIM1 reduces the Th17 cell proportion and increases the Treg cell proportion, likely due to regulation of PIM1 to the protein kinase B (AKT)/Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) pathway. Moreover, inhibiting PIM1 reduces Th17 cell pathogenicity and reduces plasma cell differentiation. Importantly, the upregulation of PIM1 in CD4+ T cells and plasma cells is conserved in a human uveitis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), and inhibition of PIM1 reduces CD4+ T and B cell expansion. Collectively, a dynamic immune cellular atlas during uveitis is developed and implicate that PIM1 may be a potential therapeutic target for VKH. Uveitis is a complex autoimmune inflammatory disease of the eye and defining molecules involved is a priority. Here the authors use scRNA sequencing in mouse experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and show PIM1 promotes the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells, and find elevated PIM-1 in human uveitis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lihui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhaohuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiuxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhaohao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Binyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuehan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rong Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Research Unit of Ocular Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xialin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Yingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Research Unit of Ocular Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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17
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PIM3-AMPK-HDAC4/5 axis restricts MuERVL-marked 2-cell-like state in embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2256-2271. [PMID: 36150380 PMCID: PMC9561635 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A minority of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) marked by endogenous retrovirus MuERVL are totipotent 2-cell-like cells. However, the majority of ESCs repress MuERVL. Currently, it is still unclear regarding the signaling pathway(s) repressing the MuERVL-associated 2-cell-like state of ESCs. Here, we identify the PIM3-downstream signaling axis as a key route to repress MuERVL and 2-cell-like state. Downregulation, deletion, or inhibition of PIM3 activated MuERVL, 2-cell genes, and trophectodermal genes in ESCs. By screening PIM3-regulated pathways, we discovered AMPK as its key target. The loss of Pim3 caused an increase in AMPK phosphorylation, which phosphorylated HDAC4/5 and triggered their transfer out of the nucleus in Pim3−/− ESCs. The reduction of nuclear HDAC4/5 caused increased H3K9ac and reduced H3K9me1/2 enrichment on MuERVL, thus activating MuERVL and 2-cell-like state. In summary, our study uncovers a novel axis by which PIM3 suppresses 2-cell marker MuERVL and totipotent state in ESCs. PIM3 signaling pathway represses MuERVL and 2-cell-like state Pim3 loss promotes AMPK phosphorylation, which activates MuERVL Phosphorylated AMPK mediates HDAC4/5 export from the nucleus HDAC4/5 repress MuERVL through modulating H3K9ac and H3K9me1/2
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18
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Mayaro Virus: The State-of-the-Art for Antiviral Drug Development. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081787. [PMID: 36016409 PMCID: PMC9415492 DOI: 10.3390/v14081787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus is an emerging arbovirus that causes nonspecific febrile illness or arthralgia syndromes similar to the Chikungunya virus, a virus closely related from the Togaviridae family. MAYV outbreaks occur more frequently in the northern and central-western states of Brazil; however, in recent years, virus circulation has been spreading to other regions. Due to the undifferentiated initial clinical symptoms between MAYV and other endemic pathogenic arboviruses with geographic overlapping, identification of patients infected by MAYV might be underreported. Additionally, the lack of specific prophylactic approaches or antiviral drugs limits the pharmacological management of patients to treat symptoms like pain and inflammation, as is the case with most pathogenic alphaviruses. In this context, this review aims to present the state-of-the-art regarding the screening and development of compounds/molecules which may present anti-MAYV activity and infection inhibition.
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19
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Zhu X, Wang J, Jin X, Chen Y, Hu L, Zhao J. Construction and evaluation of a prognostic risk assessment model of gastric cancer by using hypoxia features. Mutat Res 2022; 825:111795. [PMID: 36049301 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2022.111795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mRNA expression of gastric cancer tissue and clinical data of patients in TCGA-STAD dataset were used, together with the hypoxia-related gene sets in the MsigDB database, to screen hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GC. Thereafter, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out on hypoxia-related DEGs. The optimal feature genes related to prognosis were obtained to construct a prognostic risk assessment model. According to the model, the riskScore of GC patients was measured, and GC samples were assigned into high- and low-risk groups in accordance with the median riskScore. Based on the Kaplan-Meier curve and Receiver operating characteristic curve, validity of the prognostic risk assessment model was measured. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed on the two risk groups through Gene set enrichment analysis software. The results revealed that in the high-risk group, 9 signaling pathways were remarkably activated in several terms, like focal adhesion, extracellular matrix receptor interaction, Cell adhesion molecules cams, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TGF-beta signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. In combination with riskScore and clinical factors, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses verified the independence of the model. Meanwhile, a nomogram was constructed to predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival of GC patients. The calibration curve indicated that the survival status predicted by the nomogram fitted better with actual survival status. On the whole, the prognostic risk model of GC on the basis of hypoxia-related genes demonstrated good predictive ability. It can provide more powerful technical support for clinicians to make prognostic determination and therapeutic plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Xueying Jin
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Assistant Researcher, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, Shanghai 200231, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing 312000, China.
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20
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Sugasti-Salazar M, Campos D, Valdés-Torres P, Galán-Jurado PE, González-Santamaría J. Targeting Host PIM Protein Kinases Reduces Mayaro Virus Replication. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020422. [PMID: 35216015 PMCID: PMC8878588 DOI: 10.3390/v14020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mayaro virus (MAYV) manipulates cell machinery to successfully replicate. Thus, identifying host proteins implicated in MAYV replication represents an opportunity to discover potential antiviral targets. PIM kinases are enzymes that regulate essential cell functions and also appear to be critical factors in the replication of certain viruses. In this study we explored the consequences of PIM kinase inhibition in the replication of MAYV and other arboviruses. Cytopathic effects or viral titers in samples from MAYV-, Chikungunya-, Una- or Zika-infected cells treated with PIM kinase inhibitors were evaluated using an inverted microscope or plaque-forming assays. The expression of viral proteins E1 and nsP1 in MAYV-infected cells was assessed using an immunofluorescence confocal microscope or Western blot. Our results revealed that PIM kinase inhibition partially prevented MAYV-induced cell damage and also promoted a decrease in viral titers for MAYV, UNAV and ZIKV. The inhibitory effect of PIM kinase blocking was observed for each of the MAYV strains tested and also occurred as late as 8 h post infection (hpi). Finally, PIM kinase inhibition suppressed the expression of MAYV E1 and nsP1 proteins. Taken together, these findings suggest that PIM kinases could represent an antiviral target for MAYV and other arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelaine Sugasti-Salazar
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama; (M.S.-S.); (D.C.); (P.V.-T.); (P.E.G.-J.)
- Programa de Maestría en Microbiología Ambiental, Universidad de Panama, Panama City 3366, Panama
| | - Dalkiria Campos
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama; (M.S.-S.); (D.C.); (P.V.-T.); (P.E.G.-J.)
| | - Patricia Valdés-Torres
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama; (M.S.-S.); (D.C.); (P.V.-T.); (P.E.G.-J.)
| | - Paola Elaine Galán-Jurado
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama; (M.S.-S.); (D.C.); (P.V.-T.); (P.E.G.-J.)
| | - José González-Santamaría
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Molecular de Arbovirus, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama; (M.S.-S.); (D.C.); (P.V.-T.); (P.E.G.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +507-527-4814
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21
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Zhao Y, Aziz AUR, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Li N, Liu B. A systematic review on active sites and functions of PIM-1 protein. Hum Cell 2022; 35:427-440. [PMID: 35000143 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Proviral Integration of Molony murine leukemia virus (PIM)-1 protein contributes to the solid cancers and hematologic malignancies, cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and other life activities. Many studies have related these functions to its molecular structure, subcellular localization and expression level. However, recognition of specific active sites and their effects on the activity of this constitutively active kinase is still a challenge. Based on the close relationship between its molecular structure and functional activity, this review covers the specific residues involved in the binding of ATP and different substrates in its catalytic domain. This review then elaborates on the relevant changes in protein conformation and cell functions after PIM-1 binds to different substrates. Therefore, this intensive study can improve the understanding of PIM-1-regulated signaling pathways by facilitating the discovery of its potential phosphorylation substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Aziz Ur Rehman Aziz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhengyao Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjin Campus of Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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22
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Liao M, Hu F, Qiu Z, Li J, Huang C, Xu Y, Cheng X. Pim-2 kinase inhibits inflammation by suppressing the mTORC1 pathway in atherosclerosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22412-22431. [PMID: 34547720 PMCID: PMC8507271 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory immunity theory has raised considerable concern in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Proviral integration site of murine 2 (Pim-2) kinases functions in apoptosis pathways and the anti-inflammatory response. Here, we investigated whether Pim-2 kinase inhibits atherosclerotic inflammation by suppressing the mTORC1 pathway. Methods: An atherosclerosis animal model was established by feeding ApoE -/- mice a high-fat diet. THP-1-derived macrophages were subjected to ox-LDL (50 μg/ml, 24h) conditions in vitro to mimic the in vivo conditions. Result: The protein expression of Pim-2 was upregulated in ox-LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages and an atherosclerotic mouse model. Additionally, ox-LDL upregulated the protein expression of p-mTOR, p-S6K1 and p-4EBP1, intracellular lipid droplets, free cholesterol and cholesterylester and the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, MCP-1, TLR-4 and TNF-α, in THP-1-derived macrophages. Functionally, overexpressed Pim-2 (Pim-2 OE) attenuated atherosclerotic inflammation associated with the mTORC1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, whereas knocked down Pim-2 (Pim-2 KD) markedly promoted atherosclerotic inflammation associated with upregulation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The plaque areas and lesions in the whole aorta and aortic root sections were alleviated in ApoE -/- mice with Pim-2 OE, but aggravated by Pim-2 KD. Additionally, an mTOR agonist (MHY1485) counteracted the anti-inflammatory effect of Pim-2 in ox-LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages after Pim-2 OE, whereas rapamycin rescued atherosclerotic inflammation in ox-LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages after Pim-2 KD. Furthermore, si-mTOR and si-Raptor alleviated the atherosclerotic proinflammatory effect in ox-LDL-treated THP-1-derived macrophages in a the background of Pim-2 KD. Conclusions:These results indicated that Pim-2 kinase inhibits atherosclerotic inflammation by suppressing the mTORC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Liao
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Hu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- The Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juan Li
- The College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chahua Huang
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Xu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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23
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Maney NJ, Lemos H, Barron‐Millar B, Carey C, Herron I, Anderson AE, Mellor AL, Isaacs JD, Pratt AG. Pim Kinases as Therapeutic Targets in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:1820-1830. [DOI: 10.1002/art.41744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J. Maney
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Henrique Lemos
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Ben Barron‐Millar
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Christopher Carey
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Ian Herron
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Amy E. Anderson
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Andrew L. Mellor
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - John D. Isaacs
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Arthur G. Pratt
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University, and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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24
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Mung KL, Eccleshall WB, Santio NM, Rivero-Müller A, Koskinen PJ. PIM kinases inhibit AMPK activation and promote tumorigenicity by phosphorylating LKB1. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:68. [PMID: 34193159 PMCID: PMC8247201 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oncogenic PIM kinases and the tumor-suppressive LKB1 kinase have both been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and metabolism, albeit in opposite directions. Here we investigated whether these kinases interact with each other to influence AMPK activation and tumorigenic growth of prostate and breast cancer cells. METHODS We first determined how PIM and LKB1 kinases affect AMPK phosphorylation levels. We then used in vitro kinase assays to demonstrate that LKB1 is phosphorylated by PIM kinases, and site-directed mutagenesis to identify the PIM target sites in LKB1. The cellular functions of PIM and LKB1 kinases were evaluated using either pan-PIM inhibitors or CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing, with which all three PIM family members and/or LKB1 were knocked out from PC3 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines. In addition to cell proliferation assays, we examined the effects of PIM and/or LKB1 loss on tumor growth using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) xenograft model. RESULTS We provide both genetic and pharmacological evidence to demonstrate that inhibition of PIM expression or activity increases phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 in both PC3 and MCF7 cells, but not in their derivatives lacking LKB1. This is explained by our observation that all three PIM family kinases can phosphorylate LKB1 at Ser334. Wild-type LKB1, but not its phosphodeficient derivative, can restore PIM inhibitor-induced AMPK phosphorylation in LKB1 knock-out cells. In the CAM model, loss of LKB1 enhances tumorigenicity of PC3 xenografts, while cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs exhibit slower proliferation rates and form smaller tumors. CONCLUSION PIM kinases are novel negative regulators of LKB1 that affect AMPK activity in an LKB1-dependent fashion. The impairment of cell proliferation and tumor growth in cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs indicates that these kinases possess a shared signaling role in the context of cancer. These data also suggest that PIM inhibitors may be a rational therapeutic option for LKB1-deficient tumors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Long Mung
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - William B Eccleshall
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina M Santio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.
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25
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Weidle UH, AuslÄnder S, Brinkmann U. Micro RNAs Promoting Growth and Metastasis in Preclinical In Vivo Models of Subcutaneous Melanoma. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 17:651-667. [PMID: 33099468 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last years a considerable therapeutic progress in melanoma patients with the RAF V600E mutation via RAF/MEK pathway inhibition and immuno-therapeutic modalities has been witnessed. However, the majority of patients relapse after therapy. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the pathways driving oncogenicity and metastasis of melanoma is of paramount importance. In this review, we summarize microRNAs modulating tumor growth, metastasis, or both, in preclinical melanoma-related in vivo models and possible clinical impact in melanoma patients as modalities and targets for treatment of melanoma. We have identified miR-199a (ApoE, DNAJ4), miR-7-5p (RelA), miR-98a (IL6), miR-219-5p (BCL2) and miR-365 (NRP1) as possible targets to be scrutinized in further target validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Simon AuslÄnder
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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26
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Eerola SK, Kohvakka A, Tammela TLJ, Koskinen PJ, Latonen L, Visakorpi T. Expression and ERG regulation of PIM kinases in prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:3427-3436. [PMID: 33932111 PMCID: PMC8124112 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The three oncogenic PIM family kinases have been implicated in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels of PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 in PCa and their associations with the MYC and ERG oncogenes. We utilized prostate tissue specimens of normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), untreated PCa, and castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. In addition, we analyzed data from publicly available mRNA expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP‐Seq) datasets. Our data demonstrated that PIM expression levels are significantly elevated in PCa compared to benign samples. Strikingly, the expression of both PIM1 and PIM2 was further increased in CRPC compared to PCa. We also demonstrated a significant association between upregulated PIM family members and both the ERG and MYC oncoproteins. Interestingly, ERG directly binds to the regulatory regions of all PIM genes and upregulates their expression. Furthermore, ERG suppression with siRNA reduced the expression of PIM in PCa cells. These results provide evidence for cooperation of PIM and the MYC and ERG oncoproteins in PCa development and progression and may help to stratify suitable patients for PIM‐targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini K Eerola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Annika Kohvakka
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L J Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Leena Latonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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27
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Landor SKJ, Santio NM, Eccleshall WB, Paramonov VM, Gagliani EK, Hall D, Jin SB, Dahlström KM, Salminen TA, Rivero-Müller A, Lendahl U, Kovall RA, Koskinen PJ, Sahlgren C. PIM-induced phosphorylation of Notch3 promotes breast cancer tumorigenicity in a CSL-independent fashion. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100593. [PMID: 33775697 PMCID: PMC8100066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the developmentally important Notch signaling pathway is implicated in several types of cancer, including breast cancer. However, the specific roles and regulation of the four different Notch receptors have remained elusive. We have previously reported that the oncogenic PIM kinases phosphorylate Notch1 and Notch3. Phosphorylation of Notch1 within the second nuclear localization sequence of its intracellular domain (ICD) enhances its transcriptional activity and tumorigenicity. In this study, we analyzed Notch3 phosphorylation and its functional impact. Unexpectedly, we observed that the PIM target sites are not conserved between Notch1 and Notch3. Notch3 ICD (N3ICD) is phosphorylated within a domain, which is essential for formation of a transcriptionally active complex with the DNA-binding protein CSL. Through molecular modeling, X-ray crystallography, and isothermal titration calorimetry, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of N3ICD sterically hinders its interaction with CSL and thereby inhibits its CSL-dependent transcriptional activity. Surprisingly however, phosphorylated N3ICD still maintains tumorigenic potential in breast cancer cells under estrogenic conditions, which support PIM expression. Taken together, our data indicate that PIM kinases modulate the signaling output of different Notch paralogs by targeting distinct protein domains and thereby promote breast cancer tumorigenesis via both CSL-dependent and CSL-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian K J Landor
- Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina M Santio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - William B Eccleshall
- Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Valeriy M Paramonov
- Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ellen K Gagliani
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Hall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shao-Bo Jin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Käthe M Dahlström
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Tiina A Salminen
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rhett A Kovall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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28
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Wen QL, Yi HQ, Yang K, Yin CT, Yin WJ, Xiang FY, Bao M, Shuai J, Song YW, Ge MH, Zhu X. Role of oncogene PIM-1 in the development and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Involvement of oxidative stress. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 523:111144. [PMID: 33383107 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of PIM-1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in vitro and investigate the relationship between PIM-1 and redox proteins (NOX4, SOD2, and GPX2) at the tissue and cellular levels. As a PIM-1 inhibitor, SGI-1776 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and induced an increase in apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in two PTC cell lines (BCPAP and TPC-1). The expressions of PIM-1, SOD2 and GPX2 were downregulated after siNOX4 exposure. Immunohistochemistry in 120 PTC patients showed that all four proteins exhibited higher expression levels in PTC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. PIM-1 expression was related to NOX4, SOD2, and GPX2 expressions. The Cancer Genome Atlas database analysis showed the significant correlation between the expression of NOX4 and PIM-1. Our results demonstrated that PIM-1 played an important oncogenic role in PTC carcinogenesis that may be related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Liang Wen
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - He-Qing Yi
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chang-Tian Yin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Yin
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fang-Yue Xiang
- Stomatology College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Miao Bao
- Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.
| | - Jing Shuai
- Stomatology College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yi-Wei Song
- Stomatology College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Zhu
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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29
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Nafie MS, Amer AM, Mohamed AK, Tantawy ES. Discovery of novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine scaffold-based derivatives as potential PIM-1 kinase inhibitors in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115828. [PMID: 33166925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pim-1 kinase targeted recently has proved an essential goal of breast cancer therapy. We report the design, synthesis with full characterization analysis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine scaffold-based derivatives targeting Pim-1 kinase as anti-breast cancer agents. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against two breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and non-cancerous MCF-10A cells. Four derivatives notably, 17 and 19 exhibited a remarkable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values 5.98 and 5.61 µM against MCF-7 (ERα-dependent) cells in a selective way, as they weren't active against MDA-MB-231 (non-ERα-dependent) and safe against MCF-10A. The most active compounds through in vitro screening were subjected to PIM-1 kinase to elucidate the Pim-1 kinase inhibitory activity as the mechanistic mode of action. Among the tested derivatives, Compounds 17 and 19 showed the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 values 43 and 26 nM, respectively, compared to the 5-FU with IC50 value 17 nM. Moreover, apoptotic investigation through flow cytometry and gene expression analysis of the apoptosis-related genes for the most active compound 19 against MCF-7. It was found that compound 19 induced apoptotic MCF-7 cell death by cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and by elevation the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and inhibition of anti-apoptotic genes expression. Finally, the PIM-1 inhibition activities for compounds 17 and 19 were in accordance with the molecular docking study that revealed good interaction with the Pim-1 kinase active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Atef M Amer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Anaiat K Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Eman S Tantawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
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30
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Hong VS, Jeong S, Yun Y, Choo H, Won J, Lee J. 1,3,
4‐Oxadiazole
‐2(
3
H
)‐thione Analogs as
PIM
Kinase Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Sukbong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Seungik Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Yanghwan Yun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseong Choo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Won
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
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31
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Santio NM, Vainio V, Hoikkala T, Mung KL, Lång M, Vahakoski R, Zdrojewska J, Coffey ET, Kremneva E, Rainio EM, Koskinen PJ. PIM1 accelerates prostate cancer cell motility by phosphorylating actin capping proteins. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:121. [PMID: 32771000 PMCID: PMC7414696 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The PIM family kinases promote cancer cell survival and motility as well as metastatic growth in various types of cancer. We have previously identified several PIM substrates, which support cancer cell migration and invasiveness. However, none of them are known to regulate cellular movements by directly interacting with the actin cytoskeleton. Here we have studied the phosphorylation-dependent effects of PIM1 on actin capping proteins, which bind as heterodimers to the fast-growing actin filament ends and stabilize them. Methods Based on a phosphoproteomics screen for novel PIM substrates, we have used kinase assays and fluorescence-based imaging techniques to validate actin capping proteins as PIM1 substrates and interaction partners. We have analysed the functional consequences of capping protein phosphorylation on cell migration and adhesion by using wound healing and real-time impedance-based assays. We have also investigated phosphorylation-dependent effects on actin polymerization by analysing the protective role of capping protein phosphomutants in actin disassembly assays. Results We have identified capping proteins CAPZA1 and CAPZB2 as PIM1 substrates, and shown that phosphorylation of either of them leads to increased adhesion and migration of human prostate cancer cells. Phosphorylation also reduces the ability of the capping proteins to protect polymerized actin from disassembly. Conclusions Our data suggest that PIM kinases are able to induce changes in actin dynamics to support cell adhesion and movement. Thus, we have identified a novel mechanism through which PIM kinases enhance motility and metastatic behaviour of cancer cells. Video abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina M Santio
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Veera Vainio
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuuli Hoikkala
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Kwan Long Mung
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirka Lång
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Vahakoski
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Justyna Zdrojewska
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Eleanor T Coffey
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Elena Kremneva
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eeva-Marja Rainio
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland.
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Buljan M, Ciuffa R, van Drogen A, Vichalkovski A, Mehnert M, Rosenberger G, Lee S, Varjosalo M, Pernas LE, Spegg V, Snijder B, Aebersold R, Gstaiger M. Kinase Interaction Network Expands Functional and Disease Roles of Human Kinases. Mol Cell 2020; 79:504-520.e9. [PMID: 32707033 PMCID: PMC7427327 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases are essential for signal transduction and control of most cellular processes, including metabolism, membrane transport, motility, and cell cycle. Despite the critical role of kinases in cells and their strong association with diseases, good coverage of their interactions is available for only a fraction of the 535 human kinases. Here, we present a comprehensive mass-spectrometry-based analysis of a human kinase interaction network covering more than 300 kinases. The interaction dataset is a high-quality resource with more than 5,000 previously unreported interactions. We extensively characterized the obtained network and were able to identify previously described, as well as predict new, kinase functional associations, including those of the less well-studied kinases PIM3 and protein O-mannose kinase (POMK). Importantly, the presented interaction map is a valuable resource for assisting biomedical studies. We uncover dozens of kinase-disease associations spanning from genetic disorders to complex diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Buljan
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rodolfo Ciuffa
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Audrey van Drogen
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anton Vichalkovski
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Mehnert
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Rosenberger
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Columbia University Department of Systems Biology, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sohyon Lee
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Lucia Espona Pernas
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Spegg
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Berend Snijder
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias Gstaiger
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Panchal NK, Sabina EP. A serine/threonine protein PIM kinase as a biomarker of cancer and a target for anti-tumor therapy. Life Sci 2020; 255:117866. [PMID: 32479955 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The PIM Kinases belong to the family of a proto-oncogene that essentially phosphorylates the serine/threonine residues of the target proteins. They are primarily categorized into three types PIM-1, PIM-2, PIM-3 which plays an indispensable regulatory role in signal transduction cascades, by promoting cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance. These kinases are overexpressed in several solid as well as hematopoietic tumors which supports in vitro and in vivo malignant cell growth along with survival by regulating cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis. They lack regulatory domain which makes them constitutively active once transcribed. PIM kinases usually appear to be important downstream effectors of oncoproteins which overexpresses and helps in mediating drug resistance to available agents, such as rapamycin. Structural studies of PIM kinases revealed that they have unique hinge regions where two Proline resides and makes ATP binding unique, by offering a target for an increasing number of potent PIM kinase inhibitors. Preclinical studies of those inhibitory compounds in various cancers indicate that these novel agents show promising activity and some of them currently being under examination. In this review, we have outlined PIM kinases molecular mechanism and signaling pathways along with matriculation in various cancer and list of inhibitors often used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Kishan Panchal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - E P Sabina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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Kalaki Z, Asadollahi-Baboli M. Molecular docking-based classification and systematic QSAR analysis of indoles as Pim kinase inhibitors. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 31:399-419. [PMID: 32319325 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2020.1751277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pim kinase enzyme has an essential role in the treatment of prostate, colon and acute myeloid leukaemia cancers. The indoles inhibitors were docked in the enzyme's active pocket in order to survey the inhibition mechanism and extract the ligands' conformations. The docking outcome shows that the active inhibitors have strong van der Waals interactions with residues of Ile185, Leu44, Leu120 and Leu174, hydrogen bonds with residues of Asp128, Arg122 and Glu171 and π-π interaction with the residue of Phe49. The sum of these interactions is ~80 kcal mol-1 contributing ~90% of total binding free energies. Using docking-based molecular descriptors, the unsupervised and supervised classifications were successfully carried out with the accuracy of 0.82 and 0.95, respectively, to categorize the active/inactive Pim kinase inhibitors. The vigorous quantitative assessment was performed using different machine learning techniques. The constructed QSAR model [(r 2 cal, r 2 p, r 2 m and Q 2 LOO) > 0.80 and (SE cal, SEp and SE LOO) < 0.22] indicates that the molecular descriptors of nN, RDF20v and E1v can describe both the inhibition activities and the inhibition mechanism. The adequate evaluations of the molecular docking, classifications and QSAR analysis show that the current approaches can be used as valuable tools to design more effective new Pim kinase inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kalaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology , Babol, Iran
| | - M Asadollahi-Baboli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology , Babol, Iran
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Luszczak S, Kumar C, Sathyadevan VK, Simpson BS, Gately KA, Whitaker HC, Heavey S. PIM kinase inhibition: co-targeted therapeutic approaches in prostate cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:7. [PMID: 32296034 PMCID: PMC6992635 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PIM kinases have been shown to play a role in prostate cancer development and progression, as well as in some of the hallmarks of cancer, especially proliferation and apoptosis. Their upregulation in prostate cancer has been correlated with decreased patient overall survival and therapy resistance. Initial efforts to inhibit PIM with monotherapies have been hampered by compensatory upregulation of other pathways and drug toxicity, and as such, it has been suggested that co-targeting PIM with other treatment approaches may permit lower doses and be a more viable option in the clinic. Here, we present the rationale and basis for co-targeting PIM with inhibitors of PI3K/mTOR/AKT, JAK/STAT, MYC, stemness, and RNA Polymerase I transcription, along with other therapies, including androgen deprivation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Such combined approaches could potentially be used as neoadjuvant therapies, limiting the development of resistance to treatments or sensitizing cells to other therapeutics. To determine which drugs should be combined with PIM inhibitors for each patient, it will be key to develop companion diagnostics that predict response to each co-targeted option, hopefully providing a personalized medicine pathway for subsets of prostate cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Luszczak
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher Kumar
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Benjamin S Simpson
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kathy A Gately
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital Dublin, Dublin 8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hayley C Whitaker
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK.
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Malone T, Schäfer L, Simon N, Heavey S, Cuffe S, Finn S, Moore G, Gately K. Current perspectives on targeting PIM kinases to overcome mechanisms of drug resistance and immune evasion in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107454. [PMID: 31836451 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinases are a class of serine/threonine kinases that play a role in several of the hallmarks of cancer including cell cycle progression, metabolism, inflammation and immune evasion. Their constitutively active nature and unique catalytic structure has led them to be an attractive anticancer target through the use of small molecule inhibitors. This review highlights the enhanced activity of PIM kinases in cancer that can be driven by hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment and the important role that aberrant PIM kinase activity plays in resistance mechanisms to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapies and targeted therapies. We highlight an interaction of PIM kinases with numerous major oncogenic players, including but not limited to, stabilisation of p53, synergism with c-Myc, and notable parallel signalling with PI3K/Akt. We provide a comprehensive overview of PIM kinase's role as an escape mechanism to targeted therapies including PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, MET inhibitors, anti-HER2/EGFR treatments and the immunosuppressant rapamycin, providing a rationale for co-targeting treatment strategies for a more durable patient response. The current status of PIM kinase inhibitors and their use as a combination therapy with other targeted agents, in addition to the development of novel multi-molecularly targeted single therapeutic agents containing a PIM kinase targeting moiety are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Malone
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lea Schäfer
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nathalie Simon
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Finn
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian Moore
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Gately
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Eerola SK, Santio NM, Rinne S, Kouvonen P, Corthals GL, Scaravilli M, Scala G, Serra A, Greco D, Ruusuvuori P, Latonen L, Rainio EM, Visakorpi T, Koskinen PJ. Phosphorylation of NFATC1 at PIM1 target sites is essential for its ability to promote prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:148. [PMID: 31730483 PMCID: PMC6858710 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progression of prostate cancer from benign local tumors to metastatic carcinomas is a multistep process. Here we have investigated the signaling pathways that support migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, focusing on the role of the NFATC1 transcription factor and its post-translational modifications. We have previously identified NFATC1 as a substrate for the PIM1 kinase and shown that PIM1-dependent phosphorylation increases NFATC1 activity without affecting its subcellular localization. Both PIM kinases and NFATC1 have been reported to promote cancer cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis, but it has remained unclear whether the effects of NFATC1 are phosphorylation-dependent and which downstream targets are involved. Methods We used mass spectrometry to identify PIM1 phosphorylation target sites in NFATC1, and analysed their functional roles in three prostate cancer cell lines by comparing phosphodeficient mutants to wild-type NFATC1. We used luciferase assays to determine effects of phosphorylation on NFAT-dependent transcriptional activity, and migration and invasion assays to evaluate effects on cell motility. We also performed a microarray analysis to identify novel PIM1/NFATC1 targets, and validated one of them with both cellular expression analyses and in silico in clinical prostate cancer data sets. Results Here we have identified ten PIM1 target sites in NFATC1 and found that prevention of their phosphorylation significantly decreases the transcriptional activity as well as the pro-migratory and pro-invasive effects of NFATC1 in prostate cancer cells. We observed that also PIM2 and PIM3 can phosphorylate NFATC1, and identified several novel putative PIM1/NFATC1 target genes. These include the ITGA5 integrin, which is differentially expressed in the presence of wild-type versus phosphorylation-deficient NFATC1, and which is coexpressed with PIM1 and NFATC1 in clinical prostate cancer specimens. Conclusions Based on our data, phosphorylation of PIM1 target sites stimulates NFATC1 activity and enhances its ability to promote prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, inhibition of the interplay between PIM kinases and NFATC1 may have therapeutic implications for patients with metastatic forms of cancer. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini K Eerola
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niina M Santio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanni Rinne
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Kouvonen
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Garry L Corthals
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mauro Scaravilli
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Angela Serra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Dario Greco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Ruusuvuori
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Signal processing laboratory, Tampere University of Technology, Pori, Finland
| | - Leena Latonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eeva-Marja Rainio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapio Visakorpi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20500, Turku, Finland.
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38
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PIM-Related Kinases Selectively Regulate Olfactory Sensations in Caenorhabditis elegans. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0003-19.2019. [PMID: 31387876 PMCID: PMC6709224 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0003-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian PIM family of serine/threonine kinases regulate several cellular functions, such as cell survival and motility. Because PIM expression is observed in sensory organs, such as olfactory epithelium, we now wanted to explore the physiological roles of PIM kinases there. As our model organism, we used the Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, which express two PIM-related kinases, PRK-1 and PRK-2. We demonstrated PRKs to be true PIM orthologs with similar substrate specificity as well as sensitivity to PIM-inhibitory compounds. When we analyzed the effects of pan-PIM inhibitors on C. elegans sensory functions, we observed that PRK activity is selectively required to support olfactory sensations to volatile repellents and attractants sensed by AWB and AWCON neurons, respectively, but is dispensable for gustatory sensations. Analyses of prk-deficient mutant strains confirmed these findings and suggested that PRK-1, but not PRK-2 is responsible for the observed effects on olfaction. This regulatory role of PRK-1 is further supported by its observed expression in the head and tail neurons, including AWB and AWC neurons. Based on the evolutionary conservation of PIM-related kinases, our data may have implications in regulation of also mammalian olfaction.
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Wang J, Cao Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Ji F, Li J, Zou Y. PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through suppressing macrophage inflammatory responses via modulating p65 phosphorylation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:568-574. [PMID: 31203114 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinase is involved in the cellular processes of growth, differentiation and apoptosis. However, the role of PIM1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains largely unknown. A trend of PIM1 in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ALI at different time points was detected. Histology, wet/dry (W/D) ratio, inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and survival rate analyses were performed when mice received the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a intratracheally 3 h before LPS administration. Cytokine production in vivo and in vitro was measured after SMI-4a pretreatment. NF-κB subunit p65 expression in nuclei and phosphorylation at Ser276 in lung tissues or cells were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that PIM1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ALI. The PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a markedly improved the survival rate after lethal LPS administration, reduced the severity of lung edema, attenuated the histologic injuries of the lung tissue and reduced the counts of infiltrated inflammatory cells in the BALF. The PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a suppressed the production of cytokines in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cell supernatants and BALF. Furthermore, LPS administration upregulated the levels of nuclear p65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) at Ser276, whereas pretreatment with the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a reduced p65 upregulation in the nucleus and p-p65 at Ser276. Taken together, these data indicate that the PIM1 inhibitor SMI-4a may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for LPS-induced ALI by suppressing macrophage production of cytokines via a reduction of p65 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanceng Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jinbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yun Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Buettner R, Morales C, Wu X, Sanchez JF, Li H, Melstrom LG, Rosen ST. Leflunomide Synergizes with Gemcitabine in Growth Inhibition of PC Cells and Impairs c-Myc Signaling through PIM Kinase Targeting. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 14:149-158. [PMID: 31211245 PMCID: PMC6562366 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive agent leflunomide has been used in the treatment of over 300,000 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Its active metabolite, teriflunomide (Ter), directly inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme involved in nucleoside synthesis. We report that Ter not only shows in vitro anti-proliferative activity in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells as a single agent but also synergizes with the chemotherapeutic gemcitabine (Gem) in growth inhibition of PC cells. The growth-inhibitory effects of Ter are not solely caused by inhibition of DHODH. Through a kinase screening approach, we identified the PIM-3 serine-threonine kinase as a novel direct target. Subsequent dose-response kinase assays showed that Ter directly inhibited all three PIM family members, with the highest activities against PIM-3 and -1. The PIM-3 kinase was the PIM family member most often associated with PC oncogenesis and was also the kinase inhibited the most by Ter among more than 600 kinases investigated. Ter in PC cells induced changes in phosphorylation and expression of PIM downstream targets, consistent with the effects achieved by overexpression or downregulation of PIM-3. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of PIM proteins not only diminished PC cell proliferation, but also small-molecule pan-PIM and PIM-3 inhibitors synergized with Gem in growth inhibition of PC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Buettner
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Corey Morales
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - James F Sanchez
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Department of Computational Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Laleh G Melstrom
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Kopra K, Tong-Ochoa N, Laine M, Eskonen V, Koskinen PJ, Härmä H. Homogeneous peptide-break assay for luminescent detection of enzymatic protein post-translational modification activity utilizing charged peptides. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1055:126-132. [PMID: 30782363 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid and sensitive universal peptide-based time-resolved luminescence assay for detection of enzymatic post-translational modifications (PTMs). PTMs play essential roles in intracellular signaling and cell regulation, thus providing functional protein diversity in cell. Due this, impaired PTM patterns have been linked to multiple disease states. Clear link between PTMs and pathological conditions have also driven assay development further, but still today most of the methodologies are based on single-specificity or group-specific PTM-recognition. We have previously introduced leuzine-zipper based peptide-break technology as a viable option for universal PTM detection. Here, we introduce peptide-break technology utilizing single-label homogeneous quenching resonance energy transfer (QRET) and charge-based peptide-peptide interaction. We demonstrate the functionality of the new assay concept in phosphorylation, deacetylation, and citrullination. In a comparable study between previously introduced leucine-zipper and the novel charge-based approach, we found equal PTM detection performance and sensitivity, but the peptide design for new targets is simplified with the charged peptides. The new concept allows the use of short <20 amino acid peptides without limitations rising from the leucine-zipper coiled-coil structure. Introduced methodology enables wash-free PTM detection in a 384-well plate format, using low nanomolar enzyme concentrations. Potentially, the peptide-break technique using charged peptides may be applicable for natural peptide sequences directly obtained from the target protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Kopra
- Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500, Turku, Finland.
| | - Natalia Tong-Ochoa
- Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Mari Laine
- Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Eskonen
- Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Section of Physiology and Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Härmä
- Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20500, Turku, Finland
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Arrouchi H, Lakhlili W, Ibrahimi A. A review on PIM kinases in tumors. Bioinformation 2019; 15:40-45. [PMID: 31359998 PMCID: PMC6651028 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Proviral Integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases is serine/threonine kinases that promote growth and survival in multiple cell types, implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Over expression of Pim-1 experimentally leads to tumor formation in mice, whereas there is no observable phenotype concerning the complete knockout of the protein. When it is over expressed it may lead to cancer development by three major ways; by inhibiting apoptosis, by promoting cell proliferation and also through promoting genomic instability. Expression in normal tissues is nearly undetectable. Recent improvements in the development of novel inhibitors of PIMs have been reviewed. Significant progress in the design of PIMs inhibitors, in which it displays selectivity versus other kinases, has been achieved within the last years. However, the development of isoform-selective PIM inhibitors is still an open task. As Pim-1 possesses oncogenic functions and is over expressed in various kinds of cancer diseases, its inhibition provides a new option in cancer therapy. A PubMed literature search was performed to review the currently available data on Pim-1 expression, regulation, and targets; its implication in different types of cancer and its impact on prognosis is described. Consequently, designing new inhibitors of PIMs is now a very active area of research in academic and industrial laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Housna Arrouchi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (MedBiotech),Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School,Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat,Morocco
| | - Wiame Lakhlili
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (MedBiotech),Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School,Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat,Morocco
| | - Azeddine Ibrahimi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (MedBiotech),Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School,Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat,Morocco
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PIM1 kinase promotes cell proliferation, metastasis and tumor growth of lung adenocarcinoma by potentiating the c-MET signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2018; 444:116-126. [PMID: 30583073 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogene PIM1 plays essential roles in proliferation, survival, metastasis and drug resistance in hematopoietic and solid tumors. Although PIM1 has been shown to be associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer, its underlying molecular mechanisms in this context are still unclear. Here we show that PIM1 is frequently overexpressed in lung adenocarcinomas, and its expression level is associated with c-MET expression and poor clinical outcome. We further demonstrate that PIM1 may regulate c-MET expression via phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B (eIF4B) on S406. Depletion of PIM1 decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation in vitro, as well as reduced tumor growth in vivo. And these effects were partially abrogated by restoring of c-MET expression. Our study implicates a promising therapeutic approach in lung adenocarcinoma patients with PIM1 and c-MET overexpression.
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Chatterjee S, Chakraborty P, Daenthanasanmak A, Iamsawat S, Andrejeva G, Luevano LA, Wolf M, Baliga U, Krieg C, Beeson CC, Mehrotra M, Hill EG, Rathmell JC, Yu XZ, Kraft AS, Mehrotra S. Targeting PIM Kinase with PD1 Inhibition Improves Immunotherapeutic Antitumor T-cell Response. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1036-1049. [PMID: 30327305 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) of cancer, which involves the infusion of ex vivo-engineered tumor epitope reactive autologous T cells into the tumor-bearing host, is a potential treatment modality for cancer. However, the durable antitumor response following ACT is hampered either by loss of effector function or survival of the antitumor T cells. Therefore, strategies to improve the persistence and sustain the effector function of the antitumor T cells are of immense importance. Given the role of metabolism in determining the therapeutic efficacy of T cells, we hypothesize that inhibition of PIM kinases, a family of serine/threonine kinase that promote cell-cycle transition, cell growth, and regulate mTORC1 activity, can improve the potency of T cells in controlling tumor. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The role of PIM kinases in T cells was studied either by genetic ablation (PIM1-/-PIM2-/-PIM3-/-) or its pharmacologic inhibition (pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, PimKi). Murine melanoma B16 was established subcutaneously and treated by transferring tumor epitope gp100-reactive T cells along with treatment regimen that involved inhibiting PIM kinases, anti-PD1 or both. RESULTS With inhibition of PIM kinases, T cells had significant reduction in their uptake of glucose, and upregulated expression of memory-associated genes that inversely correlate with glycolysis. In addition, the expression of CD38, which negatively regulates the metabolic fitness of the T cells, was also reduced in PimKi-treated cells. Importantly, the efficacy of antitumor T-cell therapy was markedly improved by inhibiting PIM kinases in tumor-bearing mice receiving ACT, and further enhanced by adding anti-PD1 antibody to this combination. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential therapeutic significance of combinatorial strategies where ACT and inhibition of signaling kinase with checkpoint blockade could improve tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpak Chatterjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Anusara Daenthanasanmak
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Supinya Iamsawat
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gabriela Andrejeva
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Libia A Luevano
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Melissa Wolf
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Uday Baliga
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Carsten Krieg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Meenal Mehrotra
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G Hill
- Department of Public Health, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jeffery C Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Andrew S Kraft
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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