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Zhao Q, Ma L, Chen S, Huang L, She G, Sun Y, Shi W, Mu L. Tracking mitochondrial Cu(I) fluctuations through a ratiometric fluorescent probe in AD model cells: Towards understanding how AβOs induce mitochondrial Cu(I) dyshomeostasis. Talanta 2024; 271:125716. [PMID: 38301373 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial copper signaling pathway plays a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in relevant Amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) neurotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. Clarifying the relationship between mitochondrial copper homeostasis and both of mitochondrial dysfunction and AβOs neurotoxicity is important for understanding AD pathogenesis. Herein, we designed and synthesized a ratiometric fluorescent probe CHC-NS4 for Cu(I). CHC-NS4 possesses excellent ratiometric response, high selectivity to Cu(I) and specific ability to target mitochondria. Under mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oligomycin, mitochondrial Cu(I) levels gradually increased, which may be related to inhibition of ATP7A-mediated Cu(I) exportation and/or high expression of COX. On this basis, CHC-NS4 was further utilized to visualize the fluctuations of mitochondrial Cu(I) levels during progression of AD model cells induced by AβOs. It was found that mitochondrial Cu(I) levels were gradually elevated during the AD progression, which depended on not only AβOs concentration but also incubation time. Moreover, endocytosis maybe served as a prime pathway mode for mitochondrial Cu(I) dyshomeostasis induced by AβOs during AD progression. These results have provided a novel inspiration into mitochondrial copper biology in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Lushan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangwei She
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wensheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lixuan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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2
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Ohse VA, Klotz LO, Priebs J. Copper Homeostasis in the Model Organism C. elegans. Cells 2024; 13:727. [PMID: 38727263 PMCID: PMC11083455 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular and organismic copper (Cu) homeostasis is regulated by Cu transporters and Cu chaperones to ensure the controlled uptake, distribution and export of Cu ions. Many of these processes have been extensively investigated in mammalian cell culture, as well as in humans and in mammalian model organisms. Most of the human genes encoding proteins involved in Cu homeostasis have orthologs in the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Starting with a compilation of human Cu proteins and their orthologs, this review presents an overview of Cu homeostasis in C. elegans, comparing it to the human system, thereby establishing the basis for an assessment of the suitability of C. elegans as a model to answer mechanistic questions relating to human Cu homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars-Oliver Klotz
- Nutrigenomics Section, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Josephine Priebs
- Nutrigenomics Section, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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3
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Mazi TA, Shibata NM, Sarode GV, Medici V. Hepatic oxylipin profiles in mouse models of Wilson disease: New insights into early hepatic manifestations. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159446. [PMID: 38072238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic inflammation is commonly identified in Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disease of hepatic and brain copper accumulation. Copper accumulation is associated with increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation which may result in non-enzymatic oxidation of membrane-bound polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PUFA can be oxidized enzymatically via lipoxygenases (LOX), cyclooxygenases (COX), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP). Products of PUFA oxidation are collectively known as oxylipins (OXL) and are bioactive lipids that modulate hepatic inflammation. We examined hepatic OXL profiles at early stages of WD in two mouse models, the toxic milk mouse from The Jackson Laboratory (tx-j) and the Atp7b knockout on a C57Bl/6 background (Atp7b-/-B6). Targeted lipidomic analysis performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry showed that in both tx-j and Atp7b-/-B6 mice, hepatic OXL profiles were altered with higher thromboxane and prostaglandins levels. The levels of oxidative stress marker, 9-HETE were increased more markedly in tx-j mice. However, both genotypes showed upregulated transcript levels of many genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Both genotypes showed higher prostaglandins, thromboxin along with higher PUFA-derived alcohols, diols, and ketones with altered epoxides; the expression of Alox5 was upregulated and many CYP-related genes were dysregulated. Pathway analyses show dysregulation in arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism characterizes mice with WD. Our findings indicate alterations in hepatic PUFA metabolism in early-stage WD and suggest the upregulation of both, non-enzymatic ROS-dependent and enzymatic PUFA oxidation, which could have implications for hepatic manifestations in WD and represent potential targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagreed A Mazi
- Department of Community Health Sciences-Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Gaurav V Sarode
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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4
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Jang DG, Dou J, Koubek EJ, Teener S, Zhao L, Bakulski KM, Mukherjee B, Batterman SA, Feldman EL, Goutman SA. Metal mixtures associate with higher amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk and mortality independent of genetic risk and correlate to self-reported exposures: a case-control study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.27.24303143. [PMID: 38464233 PMCID: PMC10925361 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.27.24303143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves both genetic and environmental factors. This study investigates associations between metal measures in plasma and urine, ALS risk and survival, and exposure sources. Methods Participants with and without ALS from Michigan provided plasma and urine samples for metal measurement via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Odds and hazard ratios for each metal were computed using risk and survival models. Environmental risk scores (ERS) were created to evaluate the association between exposure mixtures and ALS risk and survival and exposure source. ALS (ALS-PGS) and metal (metal-PGS) polygenic risk scores were constructed from an independent genome-wide association study and relevant literature-selected SNPs. Results Plasma and urine samples from 454 ALS and 294 control participants were analyzed. Elevated levels of individual metals, including copper, selenium, and zinc, significantly associated with ALS risk and survival. ERS representing metal mixtures strongly associated with ALS risk (plasma, OR=2.95, CI=2.38-3.62, p<0.001; urine, OR=3.10, CI=2.43-3.97, p<0.001) and poorer ALS survival (plasma, HR=1.42, CI=1.24-1.63, p<0.001; urine, HR=1.52, CI=1.31-1.76, p<0.001). Addition of the ALS-PGS or metal-PGS did not alter the significance of metals with ALS risk and survival. Occupations with high potential of metal exposure associated with elevated ERS. Additionally, occupational and non-occupational metal exposures associated with measured plasma and urine metals. Conclusion Metals in plasma and urine associated with increased ALS risk and reduced survival, independent of genetic risk, and correlated with occupational and non-occupational metal exposures. These data underscore the significance of metal exposure in ALS risk and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Gyu Jang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - John Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Emily J. Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Samuel Teener
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, MI
| | | | | | - Stuart A. Batterman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Eva L. Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Stephen A. Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Conforti RA, Delsouc MB, Zorychta E, Telleria CM, Casais M. Copper in Gynecological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17578. [PMID: 38139406 PMCID: PMC10743751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for the correct development of eukaryotic organisms. This metal plays a key role in many cellular and physiological activities, including enzymatic activity, oxygen transport, and cell signaling. Although the redox activity of Cu is crucial for enzymatic reactions, this property also makes it potentially toxic when found at high levels. Due to this dual action of Cu, highly regulated mechanisms are necessary to prevent both the deficiency and the accumulation of this metal since its dyshomeostasis may favor the development of multiple diseases, such as Menkes' and Wilson's diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. As the relationship between Cu and cancer has been the most studied, we analyze how this metal can affect three fundamental processes for tumor progression: cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Gynecological diseases are characterized by high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, depending on the case, and mainly include benign and malignant tumors. The cellular processes that promote their progression are affected by Cu, and the mechanisms that occur may be similar. We analyze the crosstalk between Cu deregulation and gynecological diseases, focusing on therapeutic strategies derived from this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío A. Conforti
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - María B. Delsouc
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - Edith Zorychta
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| | - Carlos M. Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marilina Casais
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
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6
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Huo Y, Ma F, Li L, Li Y, Zhong G, Liao J, Han Q, Li Y, Pan J, Hu L, Zhang H, Guo J, Tang Z. Effect of Copper Exposure on the Cholesterol Metabolism in Broiler Liver. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5747-5755. [PMID: 36929115 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a kind of widely used dietary supplement in poultry production, and a common environmental pollutant at the same time. Excess Cu exposure has been reported to accumulate in the liver and induce cytotoxicity, but the effect of Cu toxicity on hepatic cholesterol metabolism is still uncertain. Herein, we aimed to reveal the effect of excess Cu on the liver and primary hepatocytes of broilers at various concentrations. We found that 110 mg/kg Cu supplement remarkably increased blood cholesterol levels by detecting serum TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in the broilers, while there was no significant difference in 220 and 330 mg/kg Cu supplements. In addition, high Cu exposure resulted in severe hepatic steatosis and hepatic cord derangement in the broilers. Oil red O staining of primary hepatocytes showed that Cu treatment caused intracellular neutral lipid accumulation. However, the hepatic TC content indicated a downward trend in both liver tissues and hepatocytes after Cu exposure. Furthermore, the expression of cholesterol metabolism-related indicators (SREBP2, HMGCR, LDLR, and CYP7A1) was notably decreased in the Cu-treated groups. While the expression of the key enzyme of cholesterol esterification (ACAT2) did not change significantly. Taken together, our findings preliminarily revealed excess Cu-induced hepatic cholesterol metabolism dysfunction, providing a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Cu-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Tian Z, Jiang S, Zhou J, Zhang W. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in mitochondria. Life Sci 2023; 334:122223. [PMID: 38084674 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria serve as sites for energy production and are essential for regulating various forms of cell death induced by metal metabolism, targeted anticancer drugs, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Cuproptosis is an autonomous form of cell death that depends on copper (Cu) and mitochondrial metabolism. Although the recent discovery of cuproptosis highlights the significance of Cu and mitochondria, there is still a lack of biological evidence and experimental verification for the underlying mechanism. We provide an overview of how Cu and cuproptosis affect mitochondrial morphology and function. Through comparison with ferroptosis, similarities and differences in mitochondrial metabolism between cuproptosis and ferroptosis have been identified. These findings provide implications for further exploration of cuproptotic mechanisms. Furthermore, we explore the correlation between cuproptosis and immunotherapy or radiosensitivity. Ultimately, we emphasize the therapeutic potential of targeting cuproptosis as a novel approach for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Tao Z, Yang P, Zhou J, Wang R, Jiang Z, Han H, Wang M. Ideal serum non-ceruloplasmin bound copper prediction for long-term treated patients with Wilson disease: a nomogram model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1275242. [PMID: 38020085 PMCID: PMC10656596 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1275242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore the factors associated with the optimal serum non-ceruloplasmin bound copper (NCBC) level and develop a flexible predictive model to guide lifelong therapy in Wilson disease (WD) and delay disease progression. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data from 144 patients hospitalized in the Encephalopathy Center of the first affiliated hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine between May 2012 and April 2023. Independent variables were selected using variate COX and LASSO regressions, followed by multivariate COX regression analysis. A predictive nomogram was constructed and validated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and clinical decision curve analysis, of which nomogram pictures were utilized for model visualization. Results A total of 61 (42.36%) patients were included, with an average treatment duration of 55.0 (range, 28.0, 97.0) months. Multivariate regression analysis identified several independent risk factors for serum NCBC level, including age of diagnosis, clinical classification, laminin liver stiffness measurement, and copper to zinc ratio in 24-h urinary excretion. The C-index indicated moderate discriminative ability (48 months: 0.829, 60 months: 0.811, and 72 months: 0.819). The calibration curves showed good consistency and calibration; clinical decision curve analysis demonstrated clinically beneficial threshold probabilities at different time intervals. Conclusion The predictive nomogram model can predict serum NCBC level; consequently, we recommend its use in clinical practice to delay disease progression and improve the clinical prognosis of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Tao
- Encephalopathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhou
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenzhen Jiang
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Han
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Encephalopathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Shim D, Han J. Coordination chemistry of mitochondrial copper metalloenzymes: exploring implications for copper dyshomeostasis in cell death. BMB Rep 2023; 56:575-583. [PMID: 37915136 PMCID: PMC10689082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, fundamental cellular organelles that govern energy metabolism, hold a pivotal role in cellular vitality. While consuming dioxygen to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the electron transfer process within mitochondria can engender the formation of reactive oxygen species that exert dual roles in endothelial homeostatic signaling and oxidative stress. In the context of the intricate electron transfer process, several metal ions that include copper, iron, zinc, and manganese serve as crucial cofactors in mitochondrial metalloenzymes to mediate the synthesis of ATP and antioxidant defense. In this mini review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the coordination chemistry of mitochondrial cuproenzymes. In detail, cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) reduces dioxygen to water coupled with proton pumping to generate an electrochemical gradient, while superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) functions in detoxifying superoxide into hydrogen peroxide. With an emphasis on the catalytic reactions of the copper metalloenzymes and insights into their ligand environment, we also outline the metalation process of these enzymes throughout the copper trafficking system. The impairment of copper homeostasis can trigger mitochondrial dysfunction, and potentially lead to the development of copper-related disorders. We describe the current knowledge regarding copper-mediated toxicity mechanisms, thereby shedding light on prospective therapeutic strategies for pathologies intertwined with copper dyshomeostasis. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(11): 575-583].
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeun Shim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
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Yu W, Chang X, Liao J, Quan J, Liu S, He T, Zhong G, Huang J, Liu Z, Tang Z. Long-term oral tribasic copper chloride exposure impedes cognitive function and disrupts mitochondrial metabolism by inhibiting mitophagy in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122474. [PMID: 37652230 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient element that commonly acted as a feed additive and antimicrobial in agricultural production. Tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) is a relatively new dietary Cu source, and its exposure directly or indirectly affects the safety of animals and ecological environment, thus posing a potential risk to human health. Cu overexposure would produce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may have toxic effects on the host, but the mechanism of neurotoxicity remains unclear. Herein, to explore the effects of long-term TBCC-induced neurotoxicity, 150 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated and treated with different doses of TBCC, and the cortical and hippocampus tissues were harvested at 0, 6, and 12 weeks after treatment. Morris Water Maze (MWM) test showed that excessive intake of TBCC could induce cognitive dysfunction in rats. Moreover, after treatment with 160 mg/kg Cu (276 mg/kg TBCC) for 12 weeks, pathological changes were observed in the cortex and hippocampus, and the number of Nissl bodies decreased significantly in the hippocampus. Additionally, mitochondrial structure was significantly altered and neuronal mitochondrial fusion/fission equilibrium was disrupted in 80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg Cu groups at 12 weeks. With an increase in TBCC dose and treatment time, the number of mitophagosomes and the expression of mitophagy-related genes were significantly decreased after initially increasing. Furthermore, metformin (Met) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used to regulate the level of mitophagy to further explore the mechanism of Cu-induced nerve cell injury in vitro., and it found that mitophagy activator (Met) would increase mitochondrial fission, while mitophagy inhibitors (3-MA) would aggravate mitochondrial metabolic disorders by promoting mitochondrial fusion and inhibiting mitochondrial division. These results indicate that long-term oral TBCC could impede cognitive function and disrupts mitochondrial metabolism by inhibiting mitophagy, providing an insightful perspective on the neurotoxicity of dietary TBCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China; Laboratory Animal Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyue Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinwen Quan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ting He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jilei Huang
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China; Laboratory Animal Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
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Zhu SY, Zhou WQ, Niu YY, Zheng C, Liu X, Zhang YY, Yu C. COX17 restricts renal fibrosis development by maintaining mitochondrial copper homeostasis and restoring complex IV activity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2091-2102. [PMID: 37217601 PMCID: PMC10545728 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis relies on multiple proteins and cofactors in its gradual development. Copper is a cofactor of many enzymes involved in renal microenvironment homeostasis. We previously reported that intracellular copper imbalance occurred during renal fibrosis development and was correlated with fibrosis intensity. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of how copper affected renal fibrosis development. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were used for in vivo study; rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) treated with TGF-β1 were adapted as an in vitro fibrotic model. We revealed that the accumulation of copper in mitochondria, rather than cytosol, was responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis and renal fibrosis in both in vivo and in vitro fibrotic models. Furthermore, we showed that mitochondrial copper overload directly disrupted the activity of respiratory chain complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase), but not complex I, II and III, which hampered respiratory chain and disrupted mitochondrial functions, eventually leading to fibrosis development. Meanwhile, we showed that COX17, the copper chaperone protein, was significantly upregulated in the mitochondria of fibrotic kidneys and NRK-52E cells. Knockdown of COX17 aggravated mitochondrial copper accumulation, inhibited complex IV activity, augmented mitochondrial dysfunction and led to cell apoptosis and renal fibrosis, whereas overexpression of COX17 could discharge copper from mitochondria and protect mitochondrial function, alleviating renal fibrosis. In conclusion, copper accumulation in mitochondria blocks complex IV activity and induces mitochondrial dysfunction. COX17 plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial copper homeostasis, restoring complex IV activity, and ameliorating renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Ya Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wen-Qian Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yang-Yang Niu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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12
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Weiskirchen R. Targeting copper to combat macrophage-driven inflammation: a potential advanced therapeutic strategy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:339. [PMID: 37691051 PMCID: PMC10493218 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
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13
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Wei J, Wang S, Zhu H, Cui W, Gao J, Gao C, Yu B, Liu B, Chen J, Peng J. Hepatic depletion of nucleolar protein mDEF causes excessive mitochondrial copper accumulation associated with p53 and NRF1 activation. iScience 2023; 26:107220. [PMID: 37456842 PMCID: PMC10339200 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential component in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (cytochrome c oxidases). However, whether any nucleolar factor(s) is(are) involved in regulating the mitochondrial copper homeostasis remains unclear. The nucleolar localized Def-Capn3 protein degradation pathway cleaves target proteins, including p53, in both zebrafish and human nucleoli. Here, we report that hepatic depletion of mDEF in mice causes an excessive copper accumulation in the mitochondria. We find that mDEF-depleted hepatocytes show an exclusion of CAPN3 from the nucleoli and accumulate p53 and NRF1 proteins in the nucleoli. Furthermore, we find that NRF1 is a CAPN3 substrate. Elevated p53 and NRF1 enhances the expression of Sco2 and Cox genes, respectively, to allow more copper acquirement in the mDefloxp/loxp, Alb:Cre mitochondria. Our findings reveal that the mDEF-CAPN3 pathway serves as a novel mechanism for regulating the mitochondrial copper homeostasis through targeting its substrates p53 and NRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haozhe Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ce Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bojing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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14
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Du J, Huang Z, Li Y, Ren X, Zhou C, Liu R, Zhang P, Lei G, Lyu J, Li J, Tan G. Copper exerts cytotoxicity through inhibition of iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis on ISCA1/ISCA2/ISCU assembly proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2023:S0891-5849(23)00433-1. [PMID: 37225108 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential mineral nutrient that provides the cofactors for some key enzymes. However, excess copper is paradoxically cytotoxic. Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease characterized by pathological copper accumulation in many organs, with high mortality and disability. Nevertheless, many questions about the molecular mechanism in Wilson's disease remain unknown and there is an imperative need to address these questions to better exploit therapeutic strategy. In this study, we constructed the mouse model of Wilson's disease, ATP7A-/- immortalized lymphocyte cell line and ATP7B knockdown cells to explore whether copper could impair iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis in eukaryotic mitochondria. Through a series of cellular, molecular, and pharmacological analyses, we demonstrated that copper could suppress the assembly of Fe-S cluster, decrease the activity of the Fe-S enzyme and disorder the mitochondrial function both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that human ISCA1, ISCA2 and ISCU proteins have a strong copper-binding activity, which would hinder the process of iron-sulfur assembly. Of note, we proposed a novel mechanism of action to explain the toxicity of copper by providing evidence that iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis may be a primary target of copper toxicity both in cells and mouse models. In summary, the current work provides an in-depth study on the mechanism of copper intoxication and describes a framework for the further understanding of impaired Fe-S assembly in the pathological processes of Wilson's diseases, which helps to develop latent therapeutic strategies for the management of copper toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Zhaoyang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Xueying Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310005, China
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Ruolan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Guojie Lei
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Jianghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Guoqiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
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15
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Zhong CC, Zhao T, Hogstrand C, Song CC, Zito E, Tan XY, Xu YC, Song YF, Wei XL, Luo Z. Copper induces liver lipotoxicity disease by up-regulating Nrf2 expression via the activation of MTF-1 and inhibition of SP1/Fyn pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166752. [PMID: 37182554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive copper (Cu) intake leads to hepatic lipotoxicity disease, which has adverse effects on health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. We found that Cu increased lipotoxicity by promoting Nrf2 recruitment to the ARE site in the promoters of five lipogenic genes (g6pd, 6pgd, me, icdh and pparγ). We also found that Cu affected the Nrf2 expression via different pathways: metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) mediated the Cu-induced Nrf2 transcriptional activation; Cu also enhanced the expression of Nrf2 by inhibiting the SP1 expression, which was achieved by inhibiting the negative regulator Fyn of Nrf2. These promoted the enrichment of Nrf2 in the nucleus and ultimately affected lipotoxicity. Thus, for the first time, we elucidated that Cu induced liver lipotoxicity disease by up-regulating Nrf2 expression via the MTF-1 activation and the inhibition of SP1/Fyn pathway. Our study elucidates the Cu-associated obesity and NAFLD for fish and possibly humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Chao Zhong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chang-Chun Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ester Zito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, China.
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16
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Liu Y, Wang J, Jiang M. Copper-related genes predict prognosis and characteristics of breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1145080. [PMID: 37180167 PMCID: PMC10172490 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of copper in cancer treatment is multifaceted, with copper homeostasis-related genes associated with both breast cancer prognosis and chemotherapy resistance. Interestingly, both elimination and overload of copper have been reported to have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Despite these findings, the exact relationship between copper homeostasis and cancer development remains unclear, and further investigation is needed to clarify this complexity. Methods The pan-cancer gene expression and immune infiltration analysis were performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) dataset. The R software packages were employed to analyze the expression and mutation status of breast cancer samples. After constructing a prognosis model to separate breast cancer samples by LASSO-Cox regression, we examined the immune statement, survival status, drug sensitivity and metabolic characteristics of the high- and low-copper related genes scoring groups. We also studied the expression of the constructed genes using the human protein atlas database and analyzed their related pathways. Finally, copper staining was performed with the clinical sample to investigate the distribution of copper in breast cancer tissue and paracancerous tissue. Results Pan-cancer analysis showed that copper-related genes are associated with breast cancer, and the immune infiltration profile of breast cancer samples is significantly different from that of other cancers. The essential copper-related genes of LASSO-Cox regression were ATP7B (ATPase Copper Transporting Beta) and DLAT (Dihydrolipoamide S-Acetyltransferase), whose associated genes were enriched in the cell cycle pathway. The low-copper related genes scoring group presented higher levels of immune activation, better probabilities of survival, enrichment in pathways related to pyruvate metabolism and apoptosis, and higher sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Immunohistochemistry staining showed high protein expression of ATP7B and DLAT in breast cancer samples. The copper staining showed copper distribution in breast cancer tissue. Conclusion This study displayed the potential impacts of copper-related genes on the overall survival, immune infiltration, drug sensitivity and metabolic profile of breast cancer, which could predict patients' survival and tumor statement. These findings may serve to support future research efforts aiming at improving the management of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Guan D, Zhao L, Shi X, Ma X, Chen Z. Copper in cancer: From pathogenesis to therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114791. [PMID: 37105071 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the basic trace elements for the structure and metabolism of human tissue is copper. However, as a heavy metal, excessive intake or abnormal accumulation of copper in the body can cause inevitable damage to the organism because copper can result in direct injury to various cell components or disruption of the redox balance, eventually leading to cell death. Interestingly, a growing body of research reports that diverse cancers have raised serum and tumor copper levels. Tumor cells depend on more copper for their metabolism than normal cells, and a decrease in copper or copper overload can have a detrimental effect on tumor cells. New modalities for identifying and characterizing copper-dependent signals offer translational opportunities for tumor therapy, but their mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this article summarizes what we currently know about the correlation between copper and cancer and describes the characteristics of copper metabolism in tumor cells and the prospective application of copper-derived therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Embryology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lihui Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Embryology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Shi
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Embryology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Embryology, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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18
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Everman ER, Macdonald SJ, Kelly JK. The genetic basis of adaptation to copper pollution in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Genet 2023; 14:1144221. [PMID: 37082199 PMCID: PMC10110907 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1144221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Heavy metal pollutants can have long lasting negative impacts on ecosystem health and can shape the evolution of species. The persistent and ubiquitous nature of heavy metal pollution provides an opportunity to characterize the genetic mechanisms that contribute to metal resistance in natural populations. Methods: We examined variation in resistance to copper, a common heavy metal contaminant, using wild collections of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. Flies were collected from multiple sites that varied in copper contamination risk. We characterized phenotypic variation in copper resistance within and among populations using bulked segregant analysis to identify regions of the genome that contribute to copper resistance. Results and Discussion: Copper resistance varied among wild populations with a clear correspondence between resistance level and historical exposure to copper. We identified 288 SNPs distributed across the genome associated with copper resistance. Many SNPs had population-specific effects, but some had consistent effects on copper resistance in all populations. Significant SNPs map to several novel candidate genes involved in refolding disrupted proteins, energy production, and mitochondrial function. We also identified one SNP with consistent effects on copper resistance in all populations near CG11825, a gene involved in copper homeostasis and copper resistance. We compared the genetic signatures of copper resistance in the wild-derived populations to genetic control of copper resistance in the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (DSPR) and the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), two copper-naïve laboratory populations. In addition to CG11825, which was identified as a candidate gene in the wild-derived populations and previously in the DSPR, there was modest overlap of copper-associated SNPs between the wild-derived populations and laboratory populations. Thirty-one SNPs associated with copper resistance in wild-derived populations fell within regions of the genome that were associated with copper resistance in the DSPR in a prior study. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the genetic control of copper resistance is highly polygenic, and that several loci can be clearly linked to genes involved in heavy metal toxicity response. The mixture of parallel and population-specific SNPs points to a complex interplay between genetic background and the selection regime that modifies the effects of genetic variation on copper resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stuart J. Macdonald
- Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - John K. Kelly
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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19
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Ibrahim Fouad G, Mabrouk M, El-Sayed SAM, Rizk MZ, Beherei HH. Neurotherapeutic efficacy of loaded sulforaphane on iron oxide nanoparticles against cuprizone-induced neurotoxicity: role of MMP-9 and S100β. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023:1-17. [PMID: 36775846 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2177219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Cuprizone (CUP) induces neurotoxicity and demyelination in animal models by provoking the activation of glial cells and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane (SF) is a phytochemical that exhibits a neuroprotective potential. In this study, we investigated the neurotherapeutic and pro-remyelinating activities of SF and SF-loaded within iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP-SF) in CUP-exposed rats. Magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were prepared using the hydrothermal method that was further loaded with SF (IONP-SF). The loading of SF within the magnetite nanoparticles was assessed using FTIR, TEM, DLS, Zetasizer, and XPS. For the in vivo investigations, adult male Wistar rats (n = 40) were administrated either on a regular diet or a diet with CUP (0.2%) for 5 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups: negative control, CUP-induced, CUP + SF, and CUP + IONP-SF. CUP-exposed brains exhibited a marked elevation in lipid peroxidation, along with a significant decrease in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT). In addition, CUP intoxication downregulated the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), upregulated the expression of Matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and S100β, and increased caspase-3 immunoexpression, these results were supported histopathologically in the cerebral cortexes. Treatment of CUP-rats with either SF or IONP-SF demonstrated remyelinating and neurotherapeutic activities. We could conclude that IONP-SF was more effective than free SF in mitigating the CUP-induced downregulation of MBP, upregulation of S100β, and caspase-3 immunoexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Mabrouk
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara A M El-Sayed
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Z Rizk
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Beherei
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials, Technology and Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Huo Y, Ma F, Li T, Lei C, Liao J, Han Q, Li Y, Pan J, Hu L, Guo J, Tang Z. Exposure to copper activates mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in chicken (Gallus gallus) cerebrum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:392-402. [PMID: 36350156 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of copper (Cu) used in production activities can lead to the enrichment of Cu in the environment, which can cause toxicity to animals. However, the toxicity mechanism of Cu on the cerebrum is still uncertain. Hence, a total of 240 chickens were separated into four groups in this study to reveal the potential connection between mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in the chicken cerebrum in the case of excess Cu exposure. The cu exposure situation was simulated by diets containing various levels of copper (11 mg/kg, control group; 110 mg/kg, group I; 220 mg/kg, group II and 330 mg/kg, group III) for 49 days. The results of histology showed that vacuolar degeneration was observed in the treated groups, and the mitochondria swell and autophagosomes formation were found under excess Cu treatment. Additionally, the expression of mitophagy (PINK1, Parkin, LC3I, LC3II and p62) and ER stress (GRP78, PERK, ATF6, IRE1α, XBP1, CHOP, and JNK) indexes were significantly upregulated under excess Cu exposure. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 were decreased, while Bak1, Bax, Caspase12, and Caspase3 were increased compared to the control group. In summary, this study demonstrated that an overdose of Cu could induce mitophagy and ER stress-mediated apoptosis in the chicken cerebrum. These findings revealed an important potential connection between Cu toxicity and cerebrum damage, which provided a new insight into Cu neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaiqin Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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21
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Garza NM, Swaminathan AB, Maremanda KP, Zulkifli M, Gohil VM. Mitochondrial copper in human genetic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:21-33. [PMID: 36435678 PMCID: PMC9780195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in diverse physiological processes, including mitochondrial energy generation. Copper enters cells through a dedicated copper transporter and is distributed to intracellular cuproenzymes by copper chaperones. Mitochondria are critical copper-utilizing organelles that harbor an essential cuproenzyme cytochrome c oxidase, which powers energy production. Mutations in copper transporters and chaperones that perturb mitochondrial copper homeostasis result in fatal genetic disorders. Recent studies have uncovered the therapeutic potential of elesclomol, a copper ionophore, for the treatment of copper deficiency disorders such as Menkes disease. Here we review the role of copper in mitochondrial energy metabolism in the context of human diseases and highlight the recent developments in copper therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Garza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Abhinav B Swaminathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Krishna P Maremanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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22
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Zhao H, Li R, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Shuang S. Red Emitting Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Fluorescence and Colorimetric Dual-Mode Detection of Cu2+ and Biological Sensing. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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Skupnevskii S, Pukhaeva E, Badtiev A, Rurua F, Batagova F, Farnieva Z. THE FEATURES OF DEVELOPING RAT AUTOIMMUNE PATHOLOGY WITH MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-tfo-2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The central role of the mitochondria in energy supply and cell death determines highlight these organelles as one of the promising objects for investigating pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. The aim: to study features of pathogenesis in rat adjuvant-induced autoimmune pathology separately and in combination with mitochondrial disorders. Materials and methods: Wistar rats were divided into groups of negative control (solvent), positive control (single subcutaneous injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CAF) at dose of 0.1 ml/200 g body weight), experimental (CAF 0.1 ml/ 200 g body weight and 5 weeks later with cuprizone 0.2% per feed weight). At the end of experiment (7 weeks), animals were tested in the "open field" model, euthanized, and biomaterial was collected to measure the relative mass coefficients of internal organs, hematological and histological studies. We calculated the mean, standard error of the mean; comparison of hypotheses was carried out by paired Student's t-test. Results: in case of impaired immunological tolerance there was detected reduced rat body weight gain during the study period (negative control +74.7 g, positive control +10.3 g) along with modelled mitochondrial dysfunction, a general decrease in weight by 6.7 g was noted. The magnitude of mass coefficients indicate a relative reduction in mass of liver, kidneys, spleen and thymus in experimental animals. The leukocyte counts (x109/L) are as follows: negative control 8.680.37, positive control 10.981.03 (p0.05), experimental group 12.280.63 (p0.001). No significant changes were found in the leukocyte formula and the red cell lineage. During modelled autoimmune pathology, platelet count increased by 22.5% (p0.05), whereas after cuprizone was administered it decreased by 6.3% (relative to the negative control). Mitochondrial dysfunction caused an abrupt decrease in motor activity in rats: the number of crossed sectors in positive control animals was 55.506.91, experimental group 44.503.60 (inter-group comparison, p0.001). Positive control: enlarged lymphatic nodules were found in the spleen, germinal center clarification, wall thickening of the pulpal and central arteries; single foci of hemorrhages in the red pulp. Experimental group: atrophy of lymphoid follicles of varying severity (relative to the groups of negative and positive controls), numerous foci of hemorrhages with hemosiderosis in the red pulp. Conclusion: mitochondrial dysfunction is accompanied by augmented pathogenetic signs of autoimmune pathology, which can serve as one of the keys to understanding the mechanisms of human autoimmunity.
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24
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Dev S, Muchenditsi A, Gottlieb A, Deme P, Murphy S, Gabrielson KL, Dong Y, Hughes R, Haughey NJ, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Oxysterol misbalance critically contributes to Wilson disease pathogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadc9022. [PMID: 36260680 PMCID: PMC9581482 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a metabolic disorder caused by inactivation of the copper-transporting ATPase 2 (ATP7B) and copper (Cu) overload in tissues. Excess Cu causes oxidative stress and pathologic changes with poorly understood mechanistic connections. In Atp7b-/- mice with established liver disease, Cu overload activates the stress-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2). Nrf2 targets, especially sulfotransferase 1e1 (Sult1e1), are strongly induced and cause elevation of sulfated sterols, whereas oxysterols are decreased. This sterol misbalance results in inhibition of the liver X receptor (LXR) and up-regulation of LXR targets associated with inflammatory responses. Pharmacological inhibition of Sult1e1 partially reverses oxysterol misbalance and LXR inhibition. Contribution of this pathway to advanced hepatic WD was demonstrated by treating mice with an LXR agonist. Treatment decreased inflammation by reducing expression of proinflammatory molecules, diminished fibrosis by down-regulating the noncanonical transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway, and improved liver morphology and function. Thus, the identified pathway is an important driver of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pragney Deme
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yixuan Dong
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Norman J. Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - James P. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (J.P.H.)
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.L.); (J.P.H.)
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25
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Michalke B. Review about Powerful Combinations of Advanced and Hyphenated Sample Introduction Techniques with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for Elucidating Trace Element Species in Pathologic Conditions on a Molecular Level. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116109. [PMID: 35682788 PMCID: PMC9181184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Element analysis in clinical or biological samples is important due to the essential role in clinical diagnostics, drug development, and drug-effect monitoring. Particularly, the specific forms of element binding, actual redox state, or their spatial distribution in tissue or in single cells are of interest in medical research. This review summarized exciting combinations of sophisticated sample delivery systems hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), enabling a broadening of information beyond the well-established outstanding detection capability. Deeper insights into pathological disease processes or intracellular distribution of active substances were provided, enabling a better understanding of biological processes and their dynamics. Examples were presented from spatial elemental mapping in tissue, cells, or spheroids, also considering elemental tagging. The use of natural or artificial tags for drug monitoring was shown. In the context of oxidative stress and ferroptosis iron, redox speciation gained importance. Quantification methods for Fe2+, Fe3+, and ferritin-bound iron were introduced. In Wilson’s disease, free and exchangeable copper play decisive roles; the respective paragraph provided information about hyphenated Cu speciation techniques, which provide their fast and reliable quantification. Finally, single cell ICP-MS provides highly valuable information on cell-to-cell variance, insights into uptake of metal-containing drugs, and their accumulation and release on the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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26
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Liver injury in Wilson's disease: An immunohistochemical study. Adv Med Sci 2022; 67:203-207. [PMID: 35477108 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder involving copper accumulation in the liver and brain. An important mechanism responsible for hepatocyte injury in WD is mitochondria destruction, although damage may also be caused by oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. PATIENTS/METHODS The study included 54 treated patients with WD without liver cirrhosis and 10 healthy controls. All patients had liver biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis of liver samples was performed using targeted staining for markers of mitochondrial injury (thioredoxin-2 [TRX2], cytochrome c oxidases subunit 2 [COX2], and cytochrome c oxidases complex IV subunit 4 isoform 1 [COX4-1]), of oxidative stress (peroxiredoxin-1 [PRDX1] and 8-hydroxyguanosine [8-OHdG]), and of lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]). RESULTS Expression, measured as mean strengths of intensity (SI) of immunohistochemical reactions per 5 fields of view, was significantly lower in patients with WD compared to controls for COX2 (2.9 vs 8.3), 8-OHdG (0.05 vs 3.8), TRX2 (4.9 vs 10.1), and PRDX1 (4.6 vs 10.1) (all P < 10-5). COX4-1 expression was undetected in patients with WD but detected in control specimens (8.1) (P < 10-5). 4-HNE was overexpressed in patients with WD compared to controls (10.1 vs 9.1; P < 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Negligible COX4-1 and low COX2 expression in liver specimens may serve as markers of inner mitochondrial membrane injury in treated patients with WD and early stages of liver fibrosis.
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27
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Isei MO, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Copper modulates heart mitochondrial H 2O 2 emission differently during fatty acid and pyruvate oxidation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 254:109267. [PMID: 35026399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the preferred cardiac metabolic fuels are fatty acids, glucose metabolism also plays an important role. However, irrespective of substrate type, energy generation results in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. To determine if the preference of fat over carbohydrates predisposes cardiomyocytes to oxidant production, we measured total and site-specific H2O2 emission in heart mitochondria oxidizing palmitoylcarnitine or pyruvate during copper (Cu) exposure. H2O2 emission was higher during oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine compared with pyruvate. Moreover, the bulk of the H2O2 emitted during palmitoylcarnitine oxidation originated from the outer ubiquinone binding site of complex III (site IIIQo) and the flavin site of electron transfer flavoprotein (site EF). We found no evidence of ROS production from complex I ubiquinone-binding site (site IQ) by reverse electron transport during oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine. Pyruvate oxidation also drove H2O2 emission primarily from sites IIIQo; however, the flavin sites of pyruvate dehydrogenase (site PF) and complex II (site IIF) contributed substantially. The effect of Cu depended on substrate and redox site, with effects at sites OF and IIIQo being more pronounced in mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate compared with palmitoylcarnitine. Cu imposed a concentration-saturable effect at site PF but concentration-dependently stimulated H2O2 emission at site EF. The substrate-dependent differences in H2O2 emission and effects of Cu suggest that fuel type and points of entry of electrons into the mitochondrial electron transport system determine the mitochondrial ROS production rate. Importantly, knowledge of sites of mitochondrial ROS production is crucial to the understanding of cardiac dysfunction associated with impaired substrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Isei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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28
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Sacco A, Martelli F, Pal A, Saraceno C, Benussi L, Ghidoni R, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Regulatory miRNAs in Cardiovascular and Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Copper. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3327. [PMID: 35328747 PMCID: PMC8948703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), are key regulators of differentiation and development. In the cell, transcription factors regulate the production of miRNA in response to different external stimuli. Copper (Cu) is a heavy metal and an essential micronutrient with widespread industrial applications. It is involved in a number of vital biological processes encompassing respiration, blood cell line maturation, and immune responses. In recent years, the link between deregulation of miRNAs' functionality and the development of various pathologies as well as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been extensively studied. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly with a complex disease etiology, and its link with Cu abnormalities is being increasingly studied. A direct interaction between COMMD1, a regulator of the Cu pathway, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) HIF-1a does exist in ischemic injury, but little information has been collected on the role of Cu in hypoxia associated with AD thus far. The current review deals with this matter in an attempt to structurally discuss the link between miRNA expression and Cu dysregulation in AD and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy;
| | - Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani 741245, India;
| | - Claudia Saraceno
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
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Wikramanayake TC, Chéret J, Sevilla A, Birch-Machin M, Paus R. Targeting mitochondria in dermatological therapy: Beyond oxidative damage and skin aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:233-259. [PMID: 35249436 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2049756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of the role of the mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is a significant aspect of dermatological research. Mitochondria generate most reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, excessive ROS are cytotoxic and DNA-damaging and promote (photo-)aging. ROS also possesses key physiological and regulatory functions and mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in several skin diseases including skin cancers. Although many standard dermatotherapeutics modulate mitochondrial function, dermatological therapy rarely targets the mitochondria. Accordingly, there is a rationale for "mitochondrial dermatology"-based approaches to be applied to therapeutic research. AREAS COVERED This paper examines the functions of mitochondria in cutaneous physiology beyond energy (ATP) and ROS production. Keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier maintenance, appendage morphogenesis and homeostasis, photoaging and skin cancer are considered. Based on related PubMed search results, the paper evaluates thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, Vitamin D3 derivatives, retinoids, cannabinoid receptor agonists, PPARγ agonists, thyrotropin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone as instructive lead compounds. Moreover, the mitochondrial protein MPZL3 as a promising new drug target for future "mitochondrial dermatology" is highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Future dermatological therapeutic research should have a mitochondrial medicine emphasis. Focusing on selected lead agents, protein targets, in silico drug design, and model diseases will fertilize a mito-centric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and The UK National Innovation Centre for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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30
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Hashem M, Shafqat Q, Wu Y, Rho JM, Dunn JF. Abnormal Oxidative Metabolism in the Cuprizone Mouse Model of Demyelination: an in vivo NIRS-MRI Study. Neuroimage 2022; 250:118935. [PMID: 35091079 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in oxidative metabolism may occur in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating neurological diseases. The impact of demyelination on metabolic rate is also not understood. It is possible that mitochondrial damage may be associated with many such neurological disorders. To study oxidative metabolism with one model of demyelination, we implemented a novel multimodal imaging technique combining Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and MRI to cuprizone mouse model. The cuprizone model is used to study demyelination and may be associated with inhibition of mitochondrial function. Cuprizone mice showed reduced oxygen extraction fraction (-39.1%, p≤0.001), increased tissue oxygenation (6.4%, p≤0.001), and reduced cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in cortical gray matter (-62.1%, p≤0.001). These changes resolved after the cessation of cuprizone exposure and partial remyelination. A decrease in hemoglobin concentration (-34.4%, p≤0.001), but no change in cerebral blood flow were also observed during demyelination. The oxidized state of the mitochondrial enzyme, Cytochrome C Oxidase (CCO) increased (46.3%, p≤0.001) while the reduced state decreased (-34.4%, p≤0.05) significantly in cuprizone mice. The total amount of CCO did not change significantly during cuprizone exposure. Total CCO did decline after recovery both in control (-23.1%, p≤0.01) and cuprizone (-28.8%, p≤0.001) groups which may relate to age. A reduction in the magnetization transfer ratio, indicating demyelination, was found in the cuprizone group in the cerebral cortex (-3.2%, p≤0.01) and corpus callosum (-5.5%, p≤0.001). In summary, we were able to detect evidence of altered CCO metabolism during cuprizone exposure, consistent with a mitochondrial defect. We observed increased oxygenation and reduced metabolic rate associated with reduced myelination in the gray and white matter. The novel multimodal imaging technique applied here shows promise for noninvasively assessing parameters associated with oxidative metabolism in both mouse models of neurological disease and for translation to study oxidative metabolism in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mada Hashem
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Qandeel Shafqat
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Jong M Rho
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1
| | - Jeff F Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1; Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 4N1.
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Liao J, Li Q, Hu Z, Yu W, Zhang K, Ma F, Han Q, Zhang H, Guo J, Hu L, Pan J, Li Y, Tang Z. Mitochondrial miR-1285 regulates copper-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy by impairing IDH2 in pig jejunal epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126899. [PMID: 34418838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu), a hazardous heavy metal, can lead to toxic effects on host physiology. Recently, specific mitochondria-localized miRNAs (mitomiRs) were shown to modulate mitochondrial function, but the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. Here, we identified mitomiR-1285 as an important molecule regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy in jejunal epithelial cells under Cu exposure. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy were the important mechanisms of Cu-induced pathological damage in jejunal epithelial cells, which were accompanied by significant increase of mitomiR-1285 in vivo and in vitro. Knockdown of mitomiR-1285 significantly attenuated Cu-induced mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction, ATP deficiency, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation, and mitophagy. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that IDH2 was a direct target of mitomiR-1285. RNA interference of IDH2 dramatically reversed the effect that mitomiR-1285 knockdown relieved mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy induced by Cu, and the opposite effect was shown by overexpression of IDH2. Therefore, our results suggested that mitomiR-1285 aggravated Cu-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy via suppressing IDH2 expression. These findings identified the important mechanistic connection between mitomiRs and mitochondrial metabolism under Cu exposure, providing a new insight into Cu toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Quanwei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhuoying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenlan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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32
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Case study on acupuncture treatment for Wilson disease. WORLD JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE-MOXIBUSTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wjam.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Klionsky DJ, Petroni G, Amaravadi RK, Baehrecke EH, Ballabio A, Boya P, Bravo‐San Pedro JM, Cadwell K, Cecconi F, Choi AMK, Choi ME, Chu CT, Codogno P, Colombo M, Cuervo AM, Deretic V, Dikic I, Elazar Z, Eskelinen E, Fimia GM, Gewirtz DA, Green DR, Hansen M, Jäättelä M, Johansen T, Juhász G, Karantza V, Kraft C, Kroemer G, Ktistakis NT, Kumar S, Lopez‐Otin C, Macleod KF, Madeo F, Martinez J, Meléndez A, Mizushima N, Münz C, Penninger JM, Perera R, Piacentini M, Reggiori F, Rubinsztein DC, Ryan K, Sadoshima J, Santambrogio L, Scorrano L, Simon H, Simon AK, Simonsen A, Stolz A, Tavernarakis N, Tooze SA, Yoshimori T, Yuan J, Yue Z, Zhong Q, Galluzzi L, Pietrocola F. Autophagy in major human diseases. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108863. [PMID: 34459017 PMCID: PMC8488577 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 602] [Impact Index Per Article: 200.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a core molecular pathway for the preservation of cellular and organismal homeostasis. Pharmacological and genetic interventions impairing autophagy responses promote or aggravate disease in a plethora of experimental models. Consistently, mutations in autophagy-related processes cause severe human pathologies. Here, we review and discuss preclinical data linking autophagy dysfunction to the pathogenesis of major human disorders including cancer as well as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, pulmonary, renal, infectious, musculoskeletal, and ocular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Eric H Baehrecke
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and MedicinePozzuoliItaly
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine, and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children HospitalHoustonTXUSA
| | - Patricia Boya
- Margarita Salas Center for Biological ResearchSpanish National Research CouncilMadridSpain
| | - José Manuel Bravo‐San Pedro
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment Section of PhysiologyComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball InstituteNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of MicrobiologyNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineNew York University Langone HealthNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival UnitCenter for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD)Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Pediatric Onco‐Hematology and Cell and Gene TherapyIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’RomeItaly
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Mary E Choi
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker‐Enfants MaladesINSERM U1151‐CNRS UMR 8253ParisFrance
- Université de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maria Isabel Colombo
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares Implicados en el Tráfico Vesicular y la Autofagia‐Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM)‐Universidad Nacional de CuyoCONICET‐ Facultad de Ciencias MédicasMendozaArgentina
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular BiologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
- Institute for Aging StudiesAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism (AIMCenter of Biomedical Research ExcellenceUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular SciencesThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | | | - Gian Maria Fimia
- Department of Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
- Department of EpidemiologyPreclinical Research, and Advanced DiagnosticsNational Institute for Infectious Diseases ‘L. Spallanzani’ IRCCSRomeItaly
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologySchool of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of ImmunologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteProgram of DevelopmentAging, and RegenerationLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and MetabolismCenter for Autophagy, Recycling & DiseaseDanish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Terje Johansen
- Department of Medical BiologyMolecular Cancer Research GroupUniversity of Tromsø—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Gábor Juhász
- Institute of GeneticsBiological Research CenterSzegedHungary
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyZBMZFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- CIBSS ‐ Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersEquipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le CancerUniversité de ParisSorbonne UniversitéInserm U1138Institut Universitaire de FranceParisFrance
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsInstitut Gustave RoussyVillejuifFrance
- Pôle de BiologieHôpital Européen Georges PompidouAP‐HPParisFrance
- Suzhou Institute for Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesSuzhouChina
- Karolinska InstituteDepartment of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | | | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer BiologyUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia
| | - Carlos Lopez‐Otin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA)Universidad de OviedoOviedoSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
| | - Kay F Macleod
- The Ben May Department for Cancer ResearchThe Gordon Center for Integrative SciencesW‐338The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
- The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth – University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNIHResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA
| | - Alicia Meléndez
- Biology Department, Queens CollegeCity University of New YorkFlushingNYUSA
- The Graduate Center Biology and Biochemistry PhD Programs of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Christian Münz
- Viral ImmunobiologyInstitute of Experimental ImmunologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA)Vienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
- Department of Medical GeneticsLife Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Rushika M Perera
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”RomeItaly
- Laboratory of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Cytology Russian Academy of ScienceSaint PetersburgRussia
| | - Fulvio Reggiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & SystemsMolecular Cell Biology SectionUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical GeneticsCambridge Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUK
- Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular MedicineCardiovascular Research InstituteRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Istituto Veneto di Medicina MolecolarePadovaItaly
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Hans‐Uwe Simon
- Institute of PharmacologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologySechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Molecular ImmunologyInstitute of Fundamental Medicine and BiologyKazan Federal UniversityKazanRussia
| | | | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular MedicineInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Centre for Cancer Cell ReprogrammingInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyInstitute for Cancer ResearchOslo University Hospital MontebelloOsloNorway
| | - Alexandra Stolz
- Institute of Biochemistry IISchool of MedicineGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe UniversityFrankfurt, Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyFoundation for Research and Technology‐HellasHeraklion, CreteGreece
- Department of Basic SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklion, CreteGreece
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of AutophagyThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of GeneticsGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Department of Intracellular Membrane DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science DivisionInstitute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Department of NeurologyFriedman Brain InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationDepartment of PathophysiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU‐SM)ShanghaiChina
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation OncologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of DermatologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Université de ParisParisFrance
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34
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Diagnosis of Wilson Disease and Its Phenotypes by Using Artificial Intelligence. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081243. [PMID: 34439909 PMCID: PMC8394607 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
WD is caused by ATP7B variants disrupting copper efflux resulting in excessive copper accumulation mainly in liver and brain. The diagnosis of WD is challenged by its variable clinical course, onset, morbidity, and ATP7B variant type. Currently it is diagnosed by a combination of clinical symptoms/signs, aberrant copper metabolism parameters (e.g., low ceruloplasmin serum levels and high urinary and hepatic copper concentrations), and genetic evidence of ATP7B mutations when available. As early diagnosis and treatment are key to favorable outcomes, it is critical to identify subjects before the onset of overtly detrimental clinical manifestations. To this end, we sought to improve WD diagnosis using artificial neural network algorithms (part of artificial intelligence) by integrating available clinical and molecular parameters. Surprisingly, WD diagnosis was based on plasma levels of glutamate, asparagine, taurine, and Fischer's ratio. As these amino acids are linked to the urea-Krebs' cycles, our study not only underscores the central role of hepatic mitochondria in WD pathology but also that most WD patients have underlying hepatic dysfunction. Our study provides novel evidence that artificial intelligence utilized for integrated analysis for WD may result in earlier diagnosis and mechanistically relevant treatments for patients with WD.
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35
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Quarles CD, Macke M, Michalke B, Zischka H, Karst U, Sullivan P, Field MP. LC-ICP-MS method for the determination of "extractable copper" in serum. Metallomics 2021; 12:1348-1355. [PMID: 32789408 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element for biological functions within humans and animals. There are several known diseases associated with Cu deficiency or overload, such as Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively. A common clinical method for determining extractable Cu levels in serum, which is thought to be potentially dangerous if in excess, is to subtract the value of tightly incorporated Cu in ceruloplasmin from total serum Cu. In this work, an automated sample preparation and liquid chromatography (LC) system was combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine bound Cu and extractable Cu in serum. This LC-ICP-MS method took 250 s for sample preparation and analysis, followed by a column recondition/system reset, thus, a 6 minute sample-to-sample time including sample preparation. The method was validated using serum collected from either control (Atp7b+/-) or Wilson disease rats (Atp7b-/-). The extractable Cu was found to be 4.0 ± 2.3 μM Cu in healthy control rats, but 2.1 ± 0.6 μM Cu in healthy Wilson rats, and 27 ± 16 μM Cu in diseased Wilson rats, respectively. In addition, the extractable Cu/bound Cu ratio was found to be 6.4 ± 3.5%, 38 ± 29%, and 34 ± 22%, respectively. These results suggest that the developed method could be of diagnostic value for Wilson disease, and possibly other copper related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Derrick Quarles
- Elemental Scientific, Inc., 7277 World Communications Dr., Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Marcel Macke
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Patrick Sullivan
- Elemental Scientific, Inc., 7277 World Communications Dr., Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - M Paul Field
- Elemental Scientific, Inc., 7277 World Communications Dr., Omaha, NE, USA.
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36
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Wang X, An P, Gu Z, Luo Y, Luo J. Mitochondrial Metal Ion Transport in Cell Metabolism and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147525. [PMID: 34299144 PMCID: PMC8305404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital to life and provide biological energy for other organelles and cell physiological processes. On the mitochondrial double layer membrane, there are a variety of channels and transporters to transport different metal ions, such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+/Fe3+. Emerging evidence in recent years has shown that the metal ion transport is essential for mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), ATP production, mitochondrial integrity, mitochondrial volume, enzyme activity, signal transduction, proliferation and apoptosis. The homeostasis of mitochondrial metal ions plays an important role in maintaining mitochondria and cell functions and regulating multiple diseases. In particular, channels and transporters for transporting mitochondrial metal ions are very critical, which can be used as potential targets to treat neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and other metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the current research on several types of mitochondrial metal ion channels/transporters and their functions in cell metabolism and diseases, providing strong evidence and therapeutic strategies for further insights into related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.A.)
| | - Peng An
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.A.)
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Yongting Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junjie Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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37
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Kabiri Y, Eberhagen C, Schmitt S, Knolle PA, Zischka H. Isolation and Electron Microscopic Analysis of Liver Cancer Cell Mitochondria. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2277:277-287. [PMID: 34080157 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1270-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of mitochondria is a crucial method for examining molecular details of this organelle's manifold functions. Historically, mitochondrial isolations required large amounts of sample material which impeded their isolation from cultured cells. We have therefore developed a method allowing for controlled and reproducible isolation of intact and functional mitochondria from diverse cell types in culture. Here we provide a methodological update of this approach together with a protocol for the subsequent analysis of such isolated mitochondria by electron microscopy. Combining the isolation procedure with this powerful imaging method can reveal ultrastructural mitochondrial peculiarities in disease settings that might not be evident in intact cells and allows for assessment of mitochondrial membrane integrity and sample purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaschar Kabiri
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Eberhagen
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Schmitt
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Oncology, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
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38
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Cheng H, Yang B, Ke T, Li S, Yang X, Aschner M, Chen P. Mechanisms of Metal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders. TOXICS 2021; 9:142. [PMID: 34204190 PMCID: PMC8235163 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metals are actively involved in multiple catalytic physiological activities. However, metal overload may result in neurotoxicity as it increases formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevates oxidative stress in the nervous system. Mitochondria are a key target of metal-induced toxicity, given their role in energy production. As the brain consumes a large amount of energy, mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent decrease in levels of ATP may significantly disrupt brain function, resulting in neuronal cell death and ensuing neurological disorders. Here, we address contemporary studies on metal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
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39
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Fanni D, Gerosa C, Nurchi VM, Cappai R, Mureddu M, Eyken PV, Saba L, Manchia M, Faa G. Copper-Induced Epigenetic Changes Shape the Clinical Phenotype in Wilson's Disease. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2707-2716. [PMID: 32744959 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200730214757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Wilson's disease is a congenital disorder of copper metabolism whose pathogenesis remains, at least in part, unknown. Subjects carrying the same genotype may show completely different phenotypes, differing for the age at illness onset or for the hepatic, neurologic or psychiatric clinical presentation. The inability to find a unequivocal correlation between the type of mutation in the ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B) gene and the phenotypic manifestation, has encouraged many authors to look for epigenetic factors interacting with the genetic changes. Here, the evidences regarding the ability of copper overload to change the global DNA methylation status are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fanni
- Section of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Clara Gerosa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosita Cappai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marta Mureddu
- Section of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Peter Van Eyken
- Department of Pathology, UZ Genk Regional Hospital, Genk, Belgium
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gavino Faa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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40
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Witt B, Stiboller M, Raschke S, Friese S, Ebert F, Schwerdtle T. Characterizing effects of excess copper levels in a human astrocytic cell line with focus on oxidative stress markers. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126711. [PMID: 33486291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being an essential trace element, copper is involved in diverse physiological processes. However, excess levels might lead to adverse effects. Disrupted copper homeostasis, particularly in the brain, has been associated with human diseases including the neurodegenerative disorders Wilson and Alzheimer's disease. In this context, astrocytes play an important role in the regulation of the copper homeostasis in the brain and likely in the prevention against neuronal toxicity, consequently pointing them out as a potential target for the neurotoxicity of copper. Major toxic mechanisms are discussed to be directed against mitochondria probably via oxidative stress. However, the toxic potential and mode of action of copper in astrocytes is poorly understood, so far. METHODS In this study, excess copper levels affecting human astrocytic cell model and their involvement in the neurotoxic mode of action of copper, as well as, effects on the homeostasis of other trace elements (Mn, Fe, Ca and Mg) were investigated. RESULTS Copper induced substantial cytotoxic effects in the human astrocytic cell line following 48 h incubation (EC30: 250 μM) and affected mitochondrial function, as observed via reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased ROS production, likely originating from mitochondria. Moreover, cellular GSH metabolism was altered as well. Interestingly, not only cellular copper levels were affected, but also the homeostasis of other elements (Ca, Fe and Mn) were disrupted. CONCLUSION One potential toxic mode of action of copper seems to be effects on the mitochondria along with induction of oxidative stress in the human astrocytic cell model. Moreover, excess copper levels seem to interact with the homeostasis of other essential elements such as Ca, Fe and Mn. Disrupted element homeostasis might also contribute to the induction of oxidative stress, likely involved in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. These insights in the toxic mechanisms will help to develop ideas and approaches for therapeutic strategies against copper-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Witt
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Michael Stiboller
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Stefanie Raschke
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sharleen Friese
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Franziska Ebert
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena, Germany; German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
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41
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Potential Effects of Melatonin and Micronutrients on Mitochondrial Dysfunction during a Cytokine Storm Typical of Oxidative/Inflammatory Diseases. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9020030. [PMID: 33919780 PMCID: PMC8167770 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exaggerated oxidative stress and hyper-inflammation are essential features of oxidative/inflammatory diseases. Simultaneously, both processes may be the cause or consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction, thus establishing a vicious cycle among these three factors. However, several natural substances, including melatonin and micronutrients, may prevent or attenuate mitochondrial damage and may preserve an optimal state of health by managing the general oxidative and inflammatory status. This review aims to describe the crucial role of mitochondria in the development and progression of multiple diseases as well as the close relationship among mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cytokine storm. Likewise, it attempts to summarize the main findings related to the powerful effects of melatonin and some micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), which may be useful (alone or in combination) as therapeutic agents in the treatment of several examples of oxidative/inflammatory pathologies, including sepsis, as well as cardiovascular, renal, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders.
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42
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Muchenditsi A, Talbot CC, Gottlieb A, Yang H, Kang B, Boronina T, Cole R, Wang L, Dev S, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Systemic deletion of Atp7b modifies the hepatocytes' response to copper overload in the mouse models of Wilson disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5659. [PMID: 33707579 PMCID: PMC7952580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is caused by inactivation of the copper transporter Atp7b and copper overload in tissues. Mice with Atp7b deleted either globally (systemic inactivation) or only in hepatocyte recapitulate various aspects of human disease. However, their phenotypes vary, and neither the common response to copper overload nor factors contributing to variability are well defined. Using metabolic, histologic, and proteome analyses in three Atp7b-deficient mouse strains, we show that global inactivation of Atp7b enhances and specifically modifies the hepatocyte response to Cu overload. The loss of Atp7b only in hepatocytes dysregulates lipid and nucleic acid metabolisms and increases the abundance of respiratory chain components and redox balancing enzymes. In global knockouts, independently of their background, the metabolism of lipid, nucleic acid, and amino acids is inhibited, respiratory chain components are down-regulated, inflammatory response and regulation of chromosomal replication are enhanced. Decrease in glucokinase and lathosterol oxidase and elevation of mucin-13 and S100A10 are observed in all Atp7b mutant strains and reflect the extent of liver injury. The magnitude of proteomic changes in Atp7b-/- animals inversely correlates with the metallothioneins levels rather than liver Cu content. These findings facilitate identification of WD-specific metabolic and proteomic changes for diagnostic and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - C Conover Talbot
- Core Analysis Unit, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Byunghak Kang
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana Boronina
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James P Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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43
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Feng F, Miao C, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Weng S. Positively Charged and
pH
‐sensitive Carbon Dots for Fluorescence Detection of Copper Ion. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Feng
- Department of Pharmacy Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Health College Fuzhou 350003 China
| | - Chenfang Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350122 China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350122 China
- Department of Pharmacy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Quanzhou Fujian 362000 China
| | - Zhengjun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350122 China
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350122 China
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44
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Khatami M. Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction-mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity-electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations - A hypothesis. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e215. [PMID: 33377661 PMCID: PMC7749544 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From Rockefeller's support of patent medicine to Gates' patent vaccines, medical establishment invested a great deal in intellectual ignorance. Through the control over medical education and research it has created a public illusion to prop up corporate profit and encouraged the lust for money and power. An overview of data on cancer and vaccine sciences, the status of Americans' health, a survey of repeated failed projects, economic toxicity, and heavy drug consumption or addiction among young and old provide compelling evidence that in the twentieth century nearly all classic disease categories (congenital, inheritance, neonatal, or induced) shifted to increase induced diseases. Examples of this deceptology in ignoring or minimizing, and mocking fundamental discoveries and theories in cancer and vaccine sciences are attacks on research showing that (a), effective immunity is responsible for defending and killing pathogens and defective cancerous cells, correcting and repairing genetic mutations; (b) viruses cause cancer; and (c), abnormal gene mutations are often the consequences of (and secondary to) disturbances in effective immunity. The outcomes of cancer reductionist approaches to therapies reveal failure rates of 90% (+/-5) for solid tumors; loss of over 50 million lives and waste of $30-50 trillions on too many worthless, out-of-focus, and irresponsible projects. Current emphasis on vaccination of public with pathogen-specific vaccines and ingredients seems new terms for drugging young and old. Cumulative exposures to low level carcinogens and environmental hazards or high energy electronic devices (EMF; 5G) are additional triggers to vaccine toxicities (antigen-mitochondrial overload) or "seeds of immune destruction" that create mini electrical shocks (molecular sinks holes) in highly synchronized and regulated immune network that retard time-energy-dependent biorhythms in organs resulting in causes, exacerbations or consequences of mild, moderate or severe immune disorders. Four generations of drug-dependent Americans strongly suggest that medical establishment has practiced decades of intellectual deception through its claims on "war on cancer"; that cancer is 100, 200, or 1000 diseases; identification of "individual" genetic mutations to cure diseases; "vaccines are safe". Such immoral and unethical practices, along with intellectual harassment and bullying, censoring or silencing of independent and competent professionals ("Intellectual Me Too") present grave concerns, far greater compared with the sexual harassment of 'Me Too' movement that was recently spearheaded by NIH. The principal driving forces behind conducting deceptive and illogical medical/cancer and vaccine projects seem to be; (a) huge return of investment and corporate profit for selling drugs and vaccines; (b) maintenance of abusive power over public health; (c) global control of population growth via increased induction of diseases, infertility, decline in life-span, and death. An overview of accidental discoveries that we established and extended since 1980s, on models of acute and chronic ocular inflammatory diseases, provides series of the first evidence for a direct link between inflammation and multistep immune dysfunction in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Results are relevant to demonstrate that current emphasis on vaccinating the unborn, newborn, or infant would induce immediate or long-term immune disorders (eg, low birth weight, preterm birth, fatigue, autism, epilepsy/seizures, BBB leakage, autoimmune, neurodegenerative or digestive diseases, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular problems, or cancers). Vaccination of the unborn is likely to disturb trophoblast-embryo-fetus-placenta biology and orderly growth of embryo-fetus, alter epithelial-mesenchymal transition or constituent-inducible receptors, damage mitochondria, and diverse function of histamine-histidine pathways. Significant increased in childhood illnesses are likely due to toxicities of vaccine and incipient (eg, metals [Al, Hg], detergents, fetal tissue, DNA/RNA) that retard bioenergetics of mitochondria, alter polarization-depolarization balance of tumoricidal (Yin) and tumorigenic (Yang) properties of immunity. Captivated by complex electobiology of immunity, this multidisciplinary perspective is an attempt to initiate identifying bases for increased induction of immune disorders in three to four generations in America. We hypothesize that (a) gene-environment-immune biorhythms parallel neuronal function (brain neuroplasticity) with super-packages of inducible (adaptive or horizontal) electronic signals and (b) autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic circuitry that shape immunity (Yin-Yang) cannot be explained by limited genomics (innate, perpendicular) that conventionally explain certain inherited diseases (eg, sickle cell anemia, progeria). Future studies should focus on deep learning of complex electrobiology of immunity that requires differential bioenergetics from mitochondria and cytoplasm. Approaches to limit or control excessive activation of gene-environment-immunity are keys to assess accurate disease risk formulations, prevent inducible diseases, and develop universal safe vaccines that promote health, the most basic human right.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation, Aging and Cancer, National Cancer Institute (NCI)the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Retired)BethesdaMarylandUSA
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45
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Lelièvre P, Sancey L, Coll JL, Deniaud A, Busser B. The Multifaceted Roles of Copper in Cancer: A Trace Metal Element with Dysregulated Metabolism, but Also a Target or a Bullet for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3594. [PMID: 33271772 PMCID: PMC7760327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human body, copper (Cu) is a major and essential player in a large number of cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways. The involvement of Cu in oxidation-reduction reactions requires close regulation of copper metabolism in order to avoid toxic effects. In many types of cancer, variations in copper protein levels have been demonstrated. These variations result in increased concentrations of intratumoral Cu and alterations in the systemic distribution of copper. Such alterations in Cu homeostasis may promote tumor growth or invasiveness or may even confer resistance to treatments. Once characterized, the dysregulated Cu metabolism is pinpointing several promising biomarkers for clinical use with prognostic or predictive capabilities. The altered Cu metabolism in cancer cells and the different responses of tumor cells to Cu are strongly supporting the development of treatments to disrupt, deplete, or increase Cu levels in tumors. The metallic nature of Cu as a chemical element is key for the development of anticancer agents via the synthesis of nanoparticles or copper-based complexes with antineoplastic properties for therapy. Finally, some of these new therapeutic strategies such as chelators or ionophores have shown promising results in a preclinical setting, and others are already in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lelièvre
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
| | - Aurélien Deniaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Busser
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, UGA INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, 38700 La Tronche, France; (P.L.); (L.S.); (J.-L.C.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, 38043 Grenoble, France
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46
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Colorimetric assay for determination of Cu (II) ions using l-cysteine functionalized silver nanoplates. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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47
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Wu X, den Boer ER, Vos-Loohuis M, van Steenbeek FG, Monroe GR, Nijman IJ, Leegwater PAJ, Fieten H. Investigation of Genetic Modifiers of Copper Toxicosis in Labrador Retrievers. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10110266. [PMID: 33142854 PMCID: PMC7693796 DOI: 10.3390/life10110266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper toxicosis is a complex genetic disorder in Labrador retrievers characterized by hepatic copper accumulation eventually leading to liver cirrhosis. The variation of hepatic copper levels in Labrador retrievers has been partly explained by mutations in ATP7A c.980C>T and ATP7B c.4358G>A. To further elucidate the genetic background of this disease, we used targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in a cohort of 95 Labrador retrievers to analyze 72 potential modifier genes for variations associated with hepatic copper levels. Variants associated with copper levels were subsequently evaluated in a replication cohort of 144 Labrador retrievers. A total of 44 variants in 25 different genes were identified, of which four showed significant association with copper levels. Of the four variants found associated with hepatic copper levels in the NGS cohort, one was validated in the replication cohort. The non-reference allele of the variant NC_006602.3.g.52434480C>T in RETN resulting in amino-acid change p.Leu7Phe was associated with decreased hepatic copper levels. In humans, resistin is associated with severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, fibrosis, cirrhosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. Further studies are needed to investigate the biological function of RETN p.Leu7Phe in the development of copper toxicosis in Labrador retrievers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Elise R. den Boer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Manon Vos-Loohuis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Frank G. van Steenbeek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Glen R. Monroe
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.R.M.); (I.J.N.)
| | - Isaäc J. Nijman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.R.M.); (I.J.N.)
| | - Peter. A. J. Leegwater
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Hille Fieten
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (X.W.); (E.R.d.B.); (M.V.-L.); (F.G.v.S.); (P.A.J.L.)
- Correspondence:
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48
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Canonico B, Carloni R, Sanz del Olmo N, Papa S, Nasoni MG, Fattori A, Cangiotti M, de la Mata FJ, Ottaviani MF, García-Gallego S. Fine-Tuning the Interaction and Therapeutic Effect of Cu(II) Carbosilane Metallodendrimers in Cancer Cells: An In Vitro Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2691-2702. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DiSB), University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Riccardo Carloni
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Natalia Sanz del Olmo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Stefano Papa
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DiSB), University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Maria Gemma Nasoni
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DiSB), University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Alberto Fattori
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Urbino 61029, Italy
| | - F. Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid 28871, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | | | - Sandra García-Gallego
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid 28871, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
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49
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Witt B, Schaumlöffel D, Schwerdtle T. Subcellular Localization of Copper-Cellular Bioimaging with Focus on Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072341. [PMID: 32231018 PMCID: PMC7178132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As an essential trace element, copper plays a pivotal role in physiological body functions. In fact, dysregulated copper homeostasis has been clearly linked to neurological disorders including Wilson and Alzheimer’s disease. Such neurodegenerative diseases are associated with progressive loss of neurons and thus impaired brain functions. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Characterization of the element species and their subcellular localization is of great importance to uncover cellular mechanisms. Recent research activities focus on the question of how copper contributes to the pathological findings. Cellular bioimaging of copper is an essential key to accomplish this objective. Besides information on the spatial distribution and chemical properties of copper, other essential trace elements can be localized in parallel. Highly sensitive and high spatial resolution techniques such as LA-ICP-MS, TEM-EDS, S-XRF and NanoSIMS are required for elemental mapping on subcellular level. This review summarizes state-of-the-art techniques in the field of bioimaging. Their strengths and limitations will be discussed with particular focus on potential applications for the elucidation of copper-related diseases. Based on such investigations, further information on cellular processes and mechanisms can be derived under physiological and pathological conditions. Bioimaging studies might enable the clarification of the role of copper in the context of neurodegenerative diseases and provide an important basis to develop therapeutic strategies for reduction or even prevention of copper-related disorders and their pathological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Witt
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3320-088-5241
| | - Dirk Schaumlöffel
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour/E2S UPPA, 64000 Pau, France;
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- TraceAge—DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
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50
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Melatonin: A hypothesis regarding its use to treat Wilson disease. Med Hypotheses 2019; 133:109408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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