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Xia W, Wang Y, Tao M, Li T, Fu X. Effect of Licorice polysaccharides before and after honey-processing on improving chronic fatigue syndrome and its mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133968. [PMID: 39029844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Honey-processed Licorice, a type of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome processed with honey, is renowned for its superior effectiveness in tonifying the spleen and invigorating Qi compared to the raw product. Our previous research showed that flavonoids and saponins in licorice changed after processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of chemical composition and biological activity of polysaccharides after processing. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) measured by HPGPC showed that the Mw distribution range of raw licorice polysaccharides (RLP) was 1.34 × 103-1.36 × 106 Da, and the Mw distribution range of honey-processed licorice polysaccharides (HPLP) was 1.15 × 103-1.17 × 106 Da, the Mw distribution range of the two were basically the same. The analysis of monosaccharide composition showed that the types of monosaccharide in RLP and HPLP were consistent, and the contents of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid and glucose in HPLP were significantly higher than those in RLP. Furthermore, the impact of these polysaccharides on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) showed that the high-dose group of HPLP had significantly better improvement of IL-2, IFN-γ and IgA than RLP. Multi-omics analysis showed that both of them could affect the immune system by regulating immunoglobulin, B-cell signaling pathway and T cell phenotypic differentiation. Interestingly, the HPLP could affect the natural killer cells mediated cytotoxicity on this basis. The above results indicated the effects of honey processing on the chemical composition and biological activities of licorice polysaccharides and elucidated the underlying mechanism of the superior biological activities of HPLP over RLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xia
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mengxin Tao
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Yinchuan, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Yinchuan, China.
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Apostolou E, Rosén A. Epigenetic reprograming in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: A narrative of latent viruses. J Intern Med 2024; 296:93-115. [PMID: 38693641 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic disease presenting with severe fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive disturbances-among a spectrum of symptoms-that collectively render the patient housebound or bedbound. Epigenetic studies in ME/CFS collectively confirm alterations and/or malfunctions in cellular and organismal physiology associated with immune responses, cellular metabolism, cell death and proliferation, and neuronal and endothelial cell function. The sudden onset of ME/CFS follows a major stress factor that, in approximately 70% of cases, involves viral infection, and ME/CFS symptoms overlap with those of long COVID. Viruses primarily linked to ME/CFS pathology are the symbiotic herpesviruses, which follow a bivalent latent-lytic lifecycle. The complex interaction between viruses and hosts involves strategies from both sides: immune evasion and persistence by the viruses, and immune activation and viral clearance by the host. This dynamic interaction is imperative for herpesviruses that facilitate their persistence through epigenetic regulation of their own and the host genome. In the current article, we provide an overview of the epigenetic signatures demonstrated in ME/CFS and focus on the potential strategies that latent viruses-particularly Epstein-Barr virus-may employ in long-term epigenetic reprograming in ME/CFS. Epigenetic studies could aid in elucidating relevant biological pathways impacted in ME/CFS and reflect the physiological variations among the patients that stem from environmental triggers, including exogenous viruses and/or altered viral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Apostolou
- Division of Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anders Rosén
- Division of Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Makhluf H, Madany H, Kim K. Long COVID: Long-Term Impact of SARS-CoV2. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:711. [PMID: 38611624 PMCID: PMC11011397 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Four years post-pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 continues to affect many lives across the globe. An estimated 65 million people suffer from long COVID, a term used to encapsulate the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections that affect multiple organ systems. Known symptoms include chronic fatigue syndrome, brain fog, cardiovascular issues, autoimmunity, dysautonomia, and clotting due to inflammation. Herein, we review long COVID symptoms, the proposed theories behind the pathology, diagnostics, treatments, and the clinical trials underway to explore treatments for viral persistence, autonomic and cognitive dysfunctions, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and exercise intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Makhluf
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, National University, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Henry Madany
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
- Public Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
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Lin YC, Yan HT. Impact of dietary sodium restriction on falls among middle-aged and older adults: Results of an 8-year longitudinal study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:292-299. [PMID: 37718504 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to understand the relationship between dietary sodium restriction (DSR) and falling experiences in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS The 8-year follow-up data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging, covering 5131 individuals aged ≥50 years, were analyzed using random-effects panel logit models. Participants were asked to indicate whether they were told by a physician to reduce or avoid sodium intake from food and whether they had had fall experiences during the past year. We modelled falling experiences as a function of DSR (independent variable), involuntary body weight loss and walking difficulty (mediators), and chronic diseases (moderator), adjusting for individual-level characteristics. RESULTS Individuals with DSR were at a higher risk of falls compared with those with no DSR (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-1.53). This effect was more prevalent in individuals with a history of stroke (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.19-2.87). Those told to reduce sodium intake by a physician were likely to lose weight involuntarily (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.05-1.36) and had difficulty walking up two or three flights of stairs alone (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.73-3.27), which mediated the effect of DSR on increased fall risk (AOR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.95-1.38). We found a temporal effect: participant reactions to short- and mid-term DSR were significant. CONCLUSIONS DSR was associated with a greater likelihood of falls among middle-aged and older adults, particularly those with a history of stroke. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 292-299.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ting Yan
- Institute of Political Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Gao J, Liang C, Yin J, Bai Y, Hu D. Discovery of Palbociclib as a potent c-Myc G4 stabilizer for lung cancer treatment using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro activity evaluation. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10789-2. [PMID: 38246949 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in lung cancer treatment, this disease remains a prevalent and serious global malignancy, leading to high rates of illness and death. Urgent research is needed to discover new or alternative therapies that can improve clinical outcomes for lung cancer patients. In our study, we successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, in suppressing the growth of lung cancer cells. The IC50 values obtained were 11.00 μM and 11.74 μM for H1299 and A549 cells, respectively. Furthermore, our findings indicate that Palbociclib may possess strong c-Myc G4 stabilizing properties by significantly reducing both protein and mRNA expression levels of c-Myc. Additionally, Palbociclib induces apoptosis and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in two cells. Through circular dichroism (CD), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we have provided evidence that Palbociclib enhances the structural stability of c-Myc G4 while exhibiting a high binding affinity to its ligand's binding site on c-Myc G4. These results suggest that Palbociclib holds promise as a novel c-Myc G4 stabilizer for treating cancers associated with abnormal c-Myc activity; further optimization and development are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jiacheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.
- Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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Seton KA, Espejo-Oltra JA, Giménez-Orenga K, Haagmans R, Ramadan DJ, Mehlsen J. Advancing Research and Treatment: An Overview of Clinical Trials in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2024; 13:325. [PMID: 38256459 PMCID: PMC10816159 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, debilitating, and multi-faceted illness. Heterogenous onset and clinical presentation with additional comorbidities make it difficult to diagnose, characterize, and successfully treat. Current treatment guidelines focus on symptom management, but with no clear target or causative mechanism, remission rates are low, and fewer than 5% of patients return to their pre-morbid activity levels. Therefore, there is an urgent need to undertake robust clinical trials to identify effective treatments. This review synthesizes insights from clinical trials exploring pharmacological interventions and dietary supplements targeting immunological, metabolic, gastrointestinal, neurological, and neuroendocrine dysfunction in ME/CFS patients which require further exploration. Additionally, the trialling of alternative interventions in ME/CFS based on reported efficacy in the treatment of illnesses with overlapping symptomology is also discussed. Finally, we provide important considerations and make recommendations, focusing on outcome measures, to ensure the execution of future high-quality clinical trials to establish clinical efficacy of evidence-based interventions that are needed for adoption in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A. Seton
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK;
| | - José A. Espejo-Oltra
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Karen Giménez-Orenga
- Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Rik Haagmans
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK;
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Donia J. Ramadan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Jesper Mehlsen
- Surgical Pathophysiology Unit, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
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Carrasco-Querol N, Cabricano-Canga L, Bueno Hernández N, Gonçalves AQ, Caballol Angelats R, Pozo Ariza M, Martín-Borràs C, Montesó-Curto P, Castro Blanco E, Dalmau Llorca MR, Aguilar Martín C. Nutrition and Chronobiology as Key Components of Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions for Fibromyalgia and Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative and Critical Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:182. [PMID: 38257075 PMCID: PMC10818822 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is often accompanied by chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It is a poorly understood disorder that mainly affects women and leads to chronic pain, fatigue, and insomnia, among other symptoms, which decrease quality of life. Due to the inefficiency of current pharmacological treatments, increasing interest is being directed towards non-pharmacological multicomponent therapies. However, nutrition and chronobiology are often overlooked when developing multicomponent therapies. This narrative and critical review explore the relevance of nutritional and chronobiological strategies in the therapeutic management of FM and the often-associated CFS. Reviewed literature offers scientific evidence for the association of dietary habits, nutrient levels, body composition, gut microbiota imbalance, chronobiological alterations, and their interrelation with the development and severity of symptoms. This review highlights the key role of nutrition and chronobiology as relevant and indispensable components in a multidisciplinary approach to FM and CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noèlia Carrasco-Querol
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | | | - Nerea Bueno Hernández
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Caballol Angelats
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - Macarena Pozo Ariza
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Carme Martín-Borràs
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Departament de Fisioteràpia, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramón Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Montesó-Curto
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Castro Blanco
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Maria Rosa Dalmau Llorca
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - Carina Aguilar Martín
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Unitat d’Avaluació i Recerca, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre i Gerència Territorial Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
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Bai Y, Liang C, Zhou J, Liu Y, Wang F, Gao J, Wu J, Hu D. Development of novel celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids as potent peroxiredoxin 1 inhibitors against lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115656. [PMID: 37499289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of oxidation-reduction equilibrium through inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance or enhancing ROS production has emerged as a novel and promising strategy for cancer therapy. Herein, a series of celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids were designed and synthesized as effective ROS promoters, and their biological activities were further evaluated. Among them, compound 7e stood out as the most potent peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.164 μM), which was significant super to the recognized PRDX1 inhibitor Conoidin A (IC50 = 14.80 μM) and the control compound celastrol (IC50 = 1.622 μM). Furthermore, 7e dramatically promoted intracellular ROS accumulation, and inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells besides inducing apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, 7e suppressed the key signaling pathways (AKT and ERK) and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3/8 and cleaved PARP) in A549 cells, which resulted in the prevention of tumor progression. Most importantly, compound 7e (TGI = 77.47%) showed more considerable in vivo antitumor efficacy and less toxicity than celastrol (TGI = 71.00%). Overall, this work indicates 7e as the most potential PRDX1 inhibitor and may be a promising candidate for the therapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Fengxuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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9
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Kettig E, Kistler-Fischbacher M, de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino C, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Frundi DS. Association of magnesium and vitamin D status with grip strength and fatigue in older adults: a 4-week observational study of geriatric participants undergoing rehabilitation. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1619-1629. [PMID: 37285075 PMCID: PMC10245357 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low magnesium and vitamin D levels negatively affect individuals' health. AIMS We aimed to investigate the association of magnesium status with grip strength and fatigue scores, and evaluate whether this association differs by vitamin D status among older participants undergoing geriatric rehabilitation. METHODS This is a 4-week observational study of participants aged ≥ 65 years undergoing rehabilitation. The outcomes were baseline grip strength and fatigue scores, and 4-week change from baseline in grip strength and fatigue scores. The exposures were baseline magnesium tertiles and achieved magnesium tertiles at week 4. Pre-defined subgroup analyses by vitamin D status (25[OH]D < 50 nmol/l = deficient) were performed. RESULTS At baseline, participants (N = 253, mean age 75.7 years, 49.4% women) in the first magnesium tertile had lower mean grip strength compared to participants in the third tertile (25.99 [95% CI 24.28-27.70] vs. 30.1 [95% CI 28.26-31.69] kg). Similar results were observed among vitamin D sufficient participants (25.54 [95% CI 22.65-28.43] kg in the first magnesium tertile vs. 30.91 [27.97-33.86] kg in the third tertile). This association was not significant among vitamin D deficient participants. At week 4, no significant associations were observed between achieved magnesium tertiles and change in grip strength, overall and by vitamin D status. For fatigue, no significant associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Among older participants undergoing rehabilitation, magnesium status may be relevant for grip strength, particularly among vitamin D sufficient individuals. Magnesium status was not associated with fatigue, regardless of vitamin D status. STUDY REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03422263; registered February 5, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kettig
- General Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Melanie Kistler-Fischbacher
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Clinic for Aging Medicine, Zurich City Hospital Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Devine Shimbagha Frundi
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Hôpital du Valais, Sion, Switzerland
- Berner Institut Für Hausarztmedizin, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Carrasco-Querol N, González Serra G, Bueno Hernández N, Gonçalves AQ, Pastor Cazalla M, Bestratén del Pino P, Montesó Curto P, Caballol Angelats R, Fusté Anguera I, Sancho Sol MC, Castro Blanco E, Vila-Martí A, Medina-Perucha L, Fernández-Sáez J, Dalmau Llorca MR, Aguilar Martín C. Effectiveness and health benefits of a nutritional, chronobiological and physical exercise primary care intervention in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: SYNCHRONIZE + mixed-methods study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33637. [PMID: 37115043 PMCID: PMC10145802 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic pain, fatigue and insomnia are classic symptoms of fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and seriously affect quality of life. Nutrition and chronobiology are often overlooked in multicomponent approach despite their potential. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary group intervention based on nutrition, chronobiology, and physical exercise in the improvement of lifestyle and quality of life in FM and CFS. METHODS Mixed-methods study based on a randomized clinical trial and qualitative analysis with a descriptive phenomenological approach. The study will be conducted in primary care in Catalonia. The control group will follow the usual clinical practice and the intervention group the usual practice plus the studied intervention (12 hours over 4 days). The intervention based on nutrition, chronobiology and physical exercise will be designed considering participants' opinions as collected in 4 focus groups. To evaluate effectiveness, EuroQol-5D, multidimensional fatigue inventory, VAS pain, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, erMEDAS-17, biological rhythms interview of assessment in neuropsychiatry, REGICOR-Short, FIQR and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaires will be collected at baseline, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Food intake, body composition, resistance and, strength will also be evaluated. The effect size will be calculated using Cohen d and logistic regression models will be used to quantify the impact of the intervention by adjusting for different variables. DISCUSSION It expected that the intervention will improve the patients' quality of life, fatigue, pain and insomnia, as well as food and physical exercise habits, providing effectiveness evidence of a new therapy in addressing these syndromes in Primary Heath Care. Improvements in the quality of life will have a positive socioeconomic impact by reducing health expenditure on recurrent medical consultation, medication, complementary medical tests, etc and favor the maintenance of an active working life and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noèlia Carrasco-Querol
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Gemma González Serra
- Servei de Rehabilitació i Medicina Física, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta i Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Nerea Bueno Hernández
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Marta Pastor Cazalla
- Servei de Rehabilitació i Medicina Física, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta i Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Pau Bestratén del Pino
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Servei de Rehabilitació i Medicina Física, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta i Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Pilar Montesó Curto
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre d’Atenció Primària Baix Ebre, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
- Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Rosa Caballol Angelats
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre d’Atenció Primària El Temple, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
- Unitat d’Expertesa en Sindromes de Sensibilització Central Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Immaculada Fusté Anguera
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre d’Atenció Primària El Temple, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
- Unitat d’Expertesa en Sindromes de Sensibilització Central Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Mª Cinta Sancho Sol
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Unitat d’Expertesa en Sindromes de Sensibilització Central Terres de l’Ebre, Gerència Territorial de Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Elisabet Castro Blanco
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Anna Vila-Martí
- Research group M3O - Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes. Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i el Benestar, Universitat de Vic, Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC), Vic, Spain
| | - Laura Medina-Perucha
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - José Fernández-Sáez
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tortosa, Spain
- Unitat Docent de Medicina de Familia i Comunitària, Tortosa-Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
| | - M. Rosa Dalmau Llorca
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Centre d’Atenció Primària Baix Ebre, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
- Campus Terres de l’Ebre, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tortosa, Spain
| | - Carina Aguilar Martín
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Tortosa, Spain
- Unitat d’Avaluació i Recerca, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre i Gerència Territorial Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Tortosa, Spain
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11
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Arslan S, Bozkurt C, Arslan M, Bulut H. Effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on fatigue and activities of daily living in geriatric individuals with COPD. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:436-442. [PMID: 36963891 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fatigue is a commonly diagnosed symptom in cancers and many other chronic debilitating diseases. The second most important complaint after dyspnea in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the feeling of fatigue. Fatigue can have significant consequences on health status as it can limit patients' activities of daily living, lead to worsening prognosis, and is an indicator of mortality. It remains unclear how fatigue affects the daily life of COPD patients and what physical, social, and emotional challenges it brings. Some studies are showing that adhering to the Mediterranean diet significantly improves fatigue. In this study, the relationship between fatigue and adherence to a Mediterranean diet in COPD patients was investigated. METHODS The present study is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study. The study population included ≥65-year-old patients with a diagnosis of COPD who were hospitalized in Chest Diseases Clinics of İzmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital and Chest Diseases Clinic of Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital. The Personal Information Form, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), COPD and Asthma Fatigue Scale (CAFS), and KATZ Activities of Daily Living Scale (Katz ADL) were used as data collection tools. RESULTS Of the total 526 participants, 58.7% were men, 52.1% were overweight, 54.3% were ex-smokers, and 65.8% were non-drinkers. In the variables related to the disease, the mean duration of having COPD was 16.41 (SD 5.26) years. According to the GOLD classification of the participants, the severity of the disease was determined as Stage III in 57.4% of them, and the severity of dyspnea was determined as "3" (moderate severity) in 54.5% of them according to the mMRC scale. According to the results of the analysis, the mean MEDAS score was 7.84 (SD: 2.76). According to the participants' levels of adherence to the MD, of them, 43.8% had high adherence to MD and 29% had low adherence to MD. The mean CAFS score indicating the level of disease-related fatigue was 69.17 (SD: 15.73), and the lowest and highest scores were 25 and 100 respectively. According to the independence in activities of daily living of the participants, 77.3% were semi-dependent and 6.4% were independent. The comparison of the level of the participant's adherence to the MD according to their mean CAFS scores demonstrated that those who had high adherence to the MD obtained significantly lower scores than the participants in the other groups (p < 0.05). The comparison of the participants' mean MEDAS scores according to their KATZ ADL independence status demonstrated that there was a significant difference (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the MD was associated with fatigue and independence in older COPD patients. It was found that high adherence to MD is associated with decreased fatigue and increased independence in activities of daily living in older COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Arslan
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
| | - Canan Bozkurt
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Mahir Arslan
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hülya Bulut
- Nursing Department, Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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12
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An Z, Wang Y, Li X, Jin H, Gong Y. Antifatigue effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on swimming fatigue in mice. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1482-1494. [PMID: 36916120 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of sea buckthorn seed oil (SSO) on exercise-induced fatigue in mice was explored. The animals were randomly divided into a normal control group, exercise-induced fatigue group (EFG), SSO low-dose group, SSO medium-dose group, and SSO high-dose group. The mice in all the groups underwent swimming training for 10 days. Those in the treatment groups received different amounts of SSO (0.85, 1.68, and 3.35 g/kg BW [body weight]) before the exercise. All the animals were sacrificed on the last day after an exhaustive swimming test, and serum, liver, and brain specimens were collected. In the exhaustive swimming test, the swimming durations in the SSO-treated animals were longer than those in the EFG. Furthermore, SSO reduced serum lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels and increased liver glycogen level, hepatic superoxide dismutase level, hypothalamic dopamine content, and glutathione peroxidase level. The SSO treatment decreased hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine content, lipid hydroperoxide level, NLRP3 inflammasome, and interleukin-1β protein expression in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, it promoted the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in the liver. SSO exhibited an excellent antifatigue effect, which may be related to its inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory injury and regulation of hypothalamic neurotransmitters. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In the present study, the effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on fatigue in mice and its potential mechanism were explored. Taken together, the findings provide insight into the potential role of sea buckthorn seed oil in the development of antifatigue drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua An
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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13
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López-Amador N. Systemic exertion intolerance disease associated to neuroendocrine dysfunction and cortical atrophy: a case report. Fam Pract 2023; 40:195-199. [PMID: 35640045 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scarce evidence about the organic and functional abnormalities of systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID) is found in literature and the pathophysiology is still unclear. METHODS Following the CARE Guidelines, this case report describes a patient with a 5-year history of nonspecific symptoms, lately recognized as SEID. RESULTS Low serum thyroid- and adrenocorticotropic stimulating hormone levels, and 24-h urinary cortisol excretion almost twice the upper limit were detected. Computed tomography scan found significant cortical atrophy. Low-dose modafinil improved the clinical outcome, added to nonpharmacologic approach. CONCLUSION To ascertain an accurate SEID diagnosis and treatment are a challenge in daily clinical practice, that must be engaged based in clear methods and good practice recommendations. Thus, family practitioners should be aware of this diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé López-Amador
- Department of Clinical and Forensic Neuroscience, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Universidad Veracruzana, Boca del Río, Mexico
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14
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Davies TC. The position of geochemical variables as causal co-factors of diseases of unknown aetiology. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 4:236. [PMID: 35909942 PMCID: PMC9326422 DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-05113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The term diseases of unknown aetiology (DUA) or idiopathic diseases is used to describe diseases that are of uncertain or unknown cause or origin. Among plausible geoenvironmental co-factors in causation of DUA, this article focusses on the entry of trace elements, including metals and metalloids into humans, and their involvement in humoral and cellular immune responses, representing potentially toxic agents with implications as co-factors for certain DUA. Several trace elements/metals/metalloids (micronutrients) play vital roles as co-factors for essential enzymes and antioxidant molecules, thus, conferring protection against disease. However, inborn errors of trace element/metal/metalloid metabolisms can occur to produce toxicity, such as when there are basic defects in the element transport mechanism. Ultimately, it is the amount of trace element, metal or metalloid that is taken up, its mode of accumulation in human tissues, and related geomedical attributes such as the chemical form and bioavailability that decisively determine whether the exerted effects are toxic or beneficial. Several case descriptions of DUA that are common worldwide are given to illustrate our knowledge so far of how trace element/metal/metalloid interactions in the immune system may engender its dysregulation and be implicated as causal co-factors of DUA. Article highlights The importance of a proper understanding of geochemical perturbations in human metabolisms is emphasisedIt is proferred that such an understanding would aid greatly in the decipherment of diseases of unknown aetiology (DUA)The thesis presented may pave the way towards better diagnosis and therapy of DUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theophilus C. Davies
- Present Address: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, 511 Mangosuthu Highway, 4031, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
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15
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Kavyani B, Lidbury BA, Schloeffel R, Fisher PR, Missailidis D, Annesley SJ, Dehhaghi M, Heng B, Guillemin GJ. Could the kynurenine pathway be the key missing piece of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) complex puzzle? Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:412. [PMID: 35821534 PMCID: PMC9276562 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and debilitating disease with a substantial social and economic impact on individuals and their community. Despite its importance and deteriorating impact, progresses in diagnosis and treatment of ME/CFS is limited. This is due to the unclear pathophysiology of the disease and consequently lack of prognostic biomarkers. To investigate pathophysiology of ME/CFS, several potential pathologic hallmarks have been investigated; however, these studies have failed to report a consistent result. These failures in introducing the underlying reason for ME/CFS have stimulated considering other possible contributing mechanisms such as tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and in particular kynurenine pathway (KP). KP plays a central role in cellular energy production through the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). In addition, this pathway has been shown to mediate immune response and neuroinflammation through its metabolites. This review, we will discuss the pathology and management of ME/CFS and provide evidence pertaining KP abnormalities and symptoms that are classic characteristics of ME/CFS. Targeting the KP regulation may provide innovative approaches to the management of ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Kavyani
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brett A Lidbury
- The National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, RSPH, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Richard Schloeffel
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- The Grove Health Pymble, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul R Fisher
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Missailidis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah J Annesley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mona Dehhaghi
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Benjamin Heng
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
- Pandis.org, Melbourne, Australia.
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16
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D'Silva A, Fox DE, Nasser Y, Vallance JK, Quinn RR, Ronksley PE, Raman M. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Fatigue in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:995-1009.e7. [PMID: 34216824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing and remitting disease with high morbidity, substantial health care costs, and increasing incidence. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms that impacts quality of life and is a leading concern for patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence, risk factors, and impact of fatigue in adults with IBD. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Data were retrieved from Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from database inception to October 2019. A pooled prevalence of fatigue was calculated using a random-effects model. Stratified meta-analyses explored sources of between-study heterogeneity. Study quality was assessed using an adapted checklist from Downs and Black. RESULTS The search yielded 4524 studies, of which 20 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Overall, the studies were of good quality. The pooled prevalence of fatigue was 47% (95% confidence interval, 41%-54%), though between-study heterogeneity was high (I2 = 98%). Fatigue prevalence varied significantly by the definition of fatigue (chronic: 28%; high: 48%; P < .01) and disease status (active disease: 72%; remission: 47%; P < .01). Sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, and anemia were the most commonly reported fatigue-related risk factors. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of fatigue in adults with IBD is high, emphasizing the importance of additional efforts to manage fatigue to improve the care and quality of life for patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrijana D'Silva
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Danielle E Fox
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Disease, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeff K Vallance
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert R Quinn
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul E Ronksley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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17
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Barrea L, Grant WB, Frias-Toral E, Vetrani C, Verde L, de Alteriis G, Docimo A, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Dietary Recommendations for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:1305. [PMID: 35334962 PMCID: PMC8954128 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
At the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on containing the spread of the virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health professionals should deal with the overall health status of COVID-19 survivors. Indeed, novel findings have identified post-COVID-19 syndrome, which is characterized by malnutrition, loss of fat-free mass, and low-grade inflammation. In addition, the recovery might be complicated by persistent functional impairment (i.e., fatigue and muscle weakness, dysphagia, appetite loss, and taste/smell alterations) as well as psychological distress. Therefore, the appropriate evaluation of nutritional status (assessment of dietary intake, anthropometrics, and body composition) is one of the pillars in the management of these patients. On the other hand, personalized dietary recommendations represent the best strategy to ensure recovery. Therefore, this review aimed to collect available evidence on the role of nutrients and their supplementation in post-COVID-19 syndrome to provide a practical guideline to nutritionists to tailor dietary interventions for patients recovering from COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143 Naples, Italy;
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients with Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.); (G.M.)
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA;
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador;
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Giulia de Alteriis
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Annamaria Docimo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients with Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.); (G.M.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients with Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.); (G.M.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Italian Centre for the Care and Well-Being of Patients with Obesity (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.S.); (A.C.); (G.M.)
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.V.); (G.d.A.); (A.D.)
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
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18
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Zhao S, Chi A, Wan B, Liang J. Differential Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways Involved in Aerobic Exercise Improvement of Chronic Fatigue Symptoms in Adolescents Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042377. [PMID: 35206569 PMCID: PMC8872503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Studies have found that the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in adolescents has continued to increase over the years, affecting learning and physical health. High school is a critical stage for adolescents to grow and mature. There are inadequate detection and rehabilitation methods for CFS due to an insufficient understanding of the physiological mechanisms of CFS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and metabolic mechanisms of an aerobic running intervention program for high school students with CFS. Forty-six male high school students with CFS were randomly assigned to the exercise intervention group (EI) and control group (CFS). Twenty-four age- and sex-matched healthy male students were recruited as healthy controls (HCs). The EI group received the aerobic intervention for 12 weeks, three times a week, in 45-min sessions; the CFS group maintained their daily routines as normal. The outcome measures included fatigue symptoms and oxidation levels. Keratin was extracted from the nails of all participants, and the oxidation level was assessed by measuring the content of 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in the keratin by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. All participants’ morning urine was collected to analyze urinary differential metabolites by the GC-MS technique before and after the intervention, and MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used for pathway analysis. Compared with before the intervention, the fatigue score and 3-NT level in the EI group were significantly decreased after the intervention. The CFS group was screened for 20 differential metabolites involving the disruption of six metabolic pathways, including arginine biosynthesis, glycerolipid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, purine metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. After the intervention, 21 differential metabolites were screened, involved in alterations in three metabolic pathways: beta-alanine metabolism, pentose phosphate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. Aerobic exercise was found to lessen fatigue symptoms and oxidative levels in students with CFS, which may be related to the regulation of putrescine (arginine and proline metabolism), 6-Phospho-D-Gluconate (starch and sucrose metabolism pathway), and Pentose (phosphate metabolism pathway).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanguang Zhao
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
| | - Aiping Chi
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Bingjun Wan
- Institute of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Jian Liang
- First Middle School of Shenmu City, Shenmu 719300, China;
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19
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König RS, Albrich WC, Kahlert CR, Bahr LS, Löber U, Vernazza P, Scheibenbogen C, Forslund SK. The Gut Microbiome in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). Front Immunol 2022; 12:628741. [PMID: 35046929 PMCID: PMC8761622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.628741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a neglected, debilitating multi-systemic disease without diagnostic marker or therapy. Despite evidence for neurological, immunological, infectious, muscular and endocrine pathophysiological abnormalities, the etiology and a clear pathophysiology remains unclear. The gut microbiome gained much attention in the last decade with manifold implications in health and disease. Here we review the current state of knowledge on the interplay between ME/CFS and the microbiome, to identify potential diagnostic or interventional approaches, and propose areas where further research is needed. We iteratively selected and elaborated on key theories about a correlation between microbiome state and ME/CFS pathology, developing further hypotheses. Based on the literature we hypothesize that antibiotic use throughout life favours an intestinal microbiota composition which might be a risk factor for ME/CFS. Main proposed pathomechanisms include gut dysbiosis, altered gut-brain axis activity, increased gut permeability with concomitant bacterial translocation and reduced levels of short-chain-fatty acids, D-lactic acidosis, an abnormal tryptophan metabolism and low activity of the kynurenine pathway. We review options for microbiome manipulation in ME/CFS patients including probiotic and dietary interventions as well as fecal microbiota transplantations. Beyond increasing gut permeability and bacterial translocation, specific dysbiosis may modify fermentation products, affecting peripheral mitochondria. Considering the gut-brain axis we strongly suspect that the microbiome may contribute to neurocognitive impairments of ME/CFS patients. Further larger studies are needed, above all to clarify whether D-lactic acidosis and early-life antibiotic use may be part of ME/CFS etiology and what role changes in the tryptophan metabolism might play. An association between the gut microbiome and the disease ME/CFS is plausible. As causality remains unclear, we recommend longitudinal studies. Activity levels, bedridden hours and disease progression should be compared to antibiotic exposure, drug intakes and alterations in the composition of the microbiota. The therapeutic potential of fecal microbiota transfer and of targeted dietary interventions should be systematically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel S König
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Werner C Albrich
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christian R Kahlert
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lina Samira Bahr
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation of Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Löber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation of Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Host-Microbiome Factors in Cardiovascular Disease, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Pietro Vernazza
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Scheibenbogen
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sofia K Forslund
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation of Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Host-Microbiome Factors in Cardiovascular Disease, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
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20
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Commonalities in the Features of Cancer and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): Evidence for Stress-Induced Phenotype Instability? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020691. [PMID: 35054876 PMCID: PMC8775947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) are syndromes with considerable overlap with respect to symptoms. There have been many studies that have compared the two conditions, and some of this research suggests that the etiologies of the conditions are linked in some cases. In this narrative review, CFS/ME and cancer are introduced, along with their known and putative mechanistic connections to multiple stressors including ionizing radiation. Next, we summarize findings from the literature that suggest the involvement of HPA-axis dysfunction, the serotonergic system, cytokines and inflammation, metabolic insufficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic changes in CRF and CFS/ME. We further suspect that the manifestation of fatigue in both diseases and its causes could indicate that CRF and CFS/ME lie on a continuum of potential biological effects which occur in response to stress. The response to this stress likely varies depending on predisposing factors such as genetic background. Finally, future research ideas are suggested with a focus on determining if common biomarkers exist in CFS/ME patients and those afflicted with CRF. Both CFS/ME and CRF are relatively heterogenous syndromes, however, it is our hope that this review assists in future research attempting to elucidate the commonalities between CRF and CFS/ME.
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21
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Su Y, Cochrane BB, Reding K, Herting JR, Tinker LF, Zaslavsky O. Mediterranean Diet and Fatigue among Community-Dwelling Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 41:22-45. [PMID: 35038968 PMCID: PMC9835016 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2022.2025972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated cross-sectional relationships between the Mediterranean diet and overall fatigue, energy, and weariness scores among 4,563 women aged 65+ from the Women's Health Initiative study. We also used the Isocaloric Substitution approach to explore whether the substitution of fish for red and processed meat, whole for non-whole grains, and whole fruit for fruit juice relate to RAND-36 measured overall fatigue and its subdomains. The alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) Index quintiles (Q1-Q5) and selected Mediterranean foods available on a Food Frequency Questionnaire were exposure measures. Results showed aMED Q5 was associated with 2.99 (95% CI: 0.88, 5.11), 4.01 (95% CI: 1.51, 6.53), and 2.47 (95% CI: 0.24, 4.70) point improvements in fatigue, energy, and weariness scores, respectively, compared with aMED Q1. Substituting fish for red and processed meat and whole for non-whole grains was associated with more favorable fatigue scores, whereas substituting whole fruit for juice was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Barbara B. Cochrane
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Kerryn Reding
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Lesley F. Tinker
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | - Oleg Zaslavsky
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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22
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Maes M, Kubera M, Kotańska M. Aberrations in the Cross-Talks Among Redox, Nuclear Factor-κB, and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Signaling Underpin Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:822382. [PMID: 35599774 PMCID: PMC9120845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.822382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that chronic fatigue spectrum disorders (CFAS-Ds), including myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic fatigue with physiosomatic symptoms including when due to comorbid medical disease, are characterized by neuroimmune and neuro-oxidative biomarkers. This study was performed to delineate the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of CFAS-D and to discover the pathways, molecular patterns, and domains enriched in their PPI network. We performed network, enrichment, and annotation analyses using differentially expressed proteins and metabolics, which were established in patients with CFAS-D. The PPI network analysis revealed that the backbone of the highly connective CFAS-D network comprises NFKB1, CTNNB1, ALB, peroxides, NOS2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and that the network comprises interconnected immune-oxidative-nitrosative and Wnt/β-catenin subnetworks. Multiomics enrichment analysis shows that the CFAS-D network is highly significantly associated with cellular (antioxidant) detoxification, hydrogen peroxide metabolic process, peroxidase and oxidoreductase activity, interleukin-10 (IL-10) anti-inflammatory signaling and neurodegenerative canonical Wnt, the β-catenin complex, cadherin domains, cell-cell junctions and TLR2/4 pathways, and the transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and RELA. The top 10 DOID annotations of the CFAS-D network include four intestinal, three immune system disorders, cancer, and infectious disease. The custom Gene Ontology (GO) term annotation analysis revealed that the CFAS-D network is associated with a response to a toxic substance, lipopolysaccharides, bacterium, or virus. In conclusion, CFAS-D may be triggered by a variety of stimuli and their effects are mediated by aberrations in the cross-talks between redox, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways leading to dysfunctions in multicellular organismal homeostatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Marta Kubera
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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23
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Wu W, Bours MJL, Koole A, Kenkhuis MF, Eussen SJPM, Breukink SO, van Schooten FJ, Weijenberg MP, Hageman GJ. Cross-Sectional Associations between Dietary Daily Nicotinamide Intake and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Survivors, 2 to 10 Years Post-Diagnosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113707. [PMID: 34835963 PMCID: PMC8624000 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors including dietary nicotinamide has been found to boost tissue NAD+ levels and ameliorate oxidative stress-induced damage that contributes to aging and aging-related diseases. The association between dietary NAD+ precursors and patient-reported health-related outcomes in cancer survivors has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine associations of dietary nicotinamide intake with different patient-reported outcomes in colorectal cancer survivors, 2 to 10 years post-diagnosis. A total of 145 eligible participants were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Dietary nicotinamide intake level was calculated based on data from 7-day food diaries. Fatigue was assessed with the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), which is a subscale of the cancer-specific European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC), and anxiety and depression were assessed with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Oxidative stress marker serum protein carbonyl contents and serum NAD+ levels were measured. A hierarchical linear regression model with confounder adjustment was performed to analyze the association of nicotinamide intake, serum protein carbonyl contents, and NAD+ levels with patient-reported outcomes. The median values of daily nicotinamide intake for male and female participants were 19.1 and 14.4 mg, respectively. Daily dietary nicotinamide intake was associated with a lower level of fatigue (β: -14.85 (-28.14, -1.56)) and a lower level of anxiety and depression (β: -4.69 (-8.55, -0.83)). Subgroup analyses by sex showed that a beneficial association between nicotinamide intake and patient-reported outcomes was mainly found in men. To conclude, our findings suggested that higher dietary NAD+ precursor nicotinamide intake was cross-sectionally associated with less patient-reported outcomes in CRC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.-J.v.S.); (G.J.H.)
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
| | - Martijn J. L. Bours
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.J.L.B.); (A.K.); (M.-F.K.); (S.J.P.M.E.); (M.P.W.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annaleen Koole
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.J.L.B.); (A.K.); (M.-F.K.); (S.J.P.M.E.); (M.P.W.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marlou-Floor Kenkhuis
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.J.L.B.); (A.K.); (M.-F.K.); (S.J.P.M.E.); (M.P.W.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone J. P. M. Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.J.L.B.); (A.K.); (M.-F.K.); (S.J.P.M.E.); (M.P.W.)
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI School for Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie O. Breukink
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.-J.v.S.); (G.J.H.)
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Matty P. Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (M.J.L.B.); (A.K.); (M.-F.K.); (S.J.P.M.E.); (M.P.W.)
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Geja J. Hageman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (F.-J.v.S.); (G.J.H.)
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
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24
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Nieraad H, Pannwitz N, de Bruin N, Geisslinger G, Till U. Hyperhomocysteinemia: Metabolic Role and Animal Studies with a Focus on Cognitive Performance and Decline-A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1546. [PMID: 34680179 PMCID: PMC8533891 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in the one-carbon metabolism are often indicated by altered levels of the endogenous amino acid homocysteine (HCys), which is additionally discussed to causally contribute to diverse pathologies. In the first part of the present review, we profoundly and critically discuss the metabolic role and pathomechanisms of HCys, as well as its potential impact on different human disorders. The use of adequate animal models can aid in unravelling the complex pathological processes underlying the role of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCys). Therefore, in the second part, we systematically searched PubMed/Medline for animal studies regarding HHCys and focused on the potential impact on cognitive performance and decline. The majority of reviewed studies reported a significant effect of HHCys on the investigated behavioral outcomes. Despite of persistent controversial discussions about equivocal findings, especially in clinical studies, the present evaluation of preclinical evidence indicates a causal link between HHCys and cognition-related- especially dementia-like disorders, and points out the further urge for large-scale, well-designed clinical studies in order to elucidate the normalization of HCys levels as a potential preventative or therapeutic approach in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Nieraad
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Nina Pannwitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (N.P.); (N.d.B.); (G.G.)
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Uwe Till
- Former Institute of Pathobiochemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Nonnenplan 2, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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25
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Noor N, Urits I, Degueure A, Rando L, Kata V, Cornett EM, Kaye AD, Imani F, Narimani-Zamanabadi M, Varrassi G, Viswanath O. A Comprehensive Update of the Current Understanding of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Anesth Pain Med 2021; 11:e113629. [PMID: 34540633 PMCID: PMC8438707 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.113629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a comprehensive literature review of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We provide a description of the background, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management regarding CFS. CFS is a multifaceted illness that has many symptoms and a wide array of clinical presentations. As of recent, CFS has been merged with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME). Much of the difficulty in its management has stemmed from a lack of a concrete understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis. There is a potential association between dysfunction of the autoimmune, neuroendocrine, or autonomic nervous systems and the development of CFS. Possible triggering events, such as infections followed by an immune dysregulation resulting have also been proposed. In fact, ME/CFS was first described following Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infections, but it was later determined that it was not always preceded by EBV infection. Patient diagnosed with CFS have shown a noticeably earlier activation of anaerobic metabolism as a source of energy, which is suggestive of impaired oxygen consumption. The differential diagnoses range from tick-borne illnesses to psychiatric disorders to thyroid gland dysfunction. Given the many overlapping symptoms of CFS with other illnesses makes diagnosing it far from an easy task. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers it a diagnosing of exclusion, stating that self-reported fatigue for at minimum of six months and four of the following symptoms are necessary for a proper diagnosis: memory problems, sore throat, post-exertion malaise, tender cervical or axillary lymph nodes, myalgia, multi-joint pain, headaches, and troubled sleep. In turn, management of CFS is just as difficult. Treatment ranges from conservative, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressants, to minimally invasive management. Minimally invasive management involving ranscutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation of target points has demonstrated significant improvement in fatigue and associated symptoms in a 2017 randomized controlled study. The understanding of CFS is evolving before us as we continue to learn more about it. As further reliable studies are conducted, providing a better grasp of what the syndrome encompasses, we will be able to improve our diagnosis and management of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Noor
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Corresponding Author: Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Miami Beach, FL, USA.
| | - Ivan Urits
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Southcoast Health, Southcoast Physician Group Pain Medicine, MA, USA
| | - Arielle Degueure
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Lauren Rando
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Vijay Kata
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Elyse M. Cornett
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Alan D. Kaye
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Farnad Imani
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Narimani-Zamanabadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Omar Viswanath
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants – Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Omaha, NE, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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26
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Liu S, Cheng Y, Chen WZ, Lv JX, Zheng BS, Huang DD, Xia XF, Yu Z. Inflammation Disturbed the Tryptophan Catabolites in Hippocampus of Post-operative Fatigue Syndrome Rats via Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenas Enzyme and the Improvement Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:652817. [PMID: 34512234 PMCID: PMC8427665 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.652817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Post-operative fatigue syndrome (POFS) is a common complication that prolongs the recovery to normal function and activity after surgery. The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of central fatigue in POFS and the anti-fatigue effect of ginsenoside Rb1. Method We investigated the association between inflammation, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme, and tryptophan metabolism in the hippocampus of POFS rats. A POFS rat model was induced by major small intestinal resection. Rats with major small intestinal resection were administered ginsenoside Rb1 (15 mg/kg) once a day from 3 days before surgery to the day of sacrifice, or with saline as corresponding controls. Fatigue was assessed with the open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT). ELISA, RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to test the inflammatory cytokines; p38MAPK, NF-κB/p65, and IDO enzyme expressions; and the concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, and serotonin, respectively. Result Our results showed that POFS was associated with increased expressions of inflammatory cytokines and p38MAPK and higher concentrations of kynurenine and tryptophan on post-operative days 1 and 3; a lower serotonin level on post-operative day 1; and an enhanced translocation of NF-κB/p65 and the IDO enzyme on post-operative days 1, 3, and 5. Ginsenoside Rb1 had an improvement effect on these. Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines induced by large abdominal surgery disturb tryptophan metabolism to cause POFS through the activation of the p38MAPK–NF-κB/p65–IDO pathway in the hippocampus. Ginsenoside Rb1 had an anti-fatigue effect on POFS by reducing inflammation and IDO enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Zhe Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiao Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bei-Shi Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dong-Dong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xu-Fen Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Effect of Dietary Coenzyme Q10 Plus NADH Supplementation on Fatigue Perception and Health-Related Quality of Life in Individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082658. [PMID: 34444817 PMCID: PMC8399248 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, multisystem, and profoundly debilitating neuroimmune disease, probably of post-viral multifactorial etiology. Unfortunately, no accurate diagnostic or laboratory tests have been established, nor are any universally effective approved drugs currently available for its treatment. This study aimed to examine whether oral coenzyme Q10 and NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) co-supplementation could improve perceived fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and health-related quality of life in ME/CFS patients. A 12-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 207 patients with ME/CFS, who were randomly allocated to one of two groups to receive either 200 mg of CoQ10 and 20 mg of NADH (n = 104) or matching placebo (n = 103) once daily. Endpoints were simultaneously evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at 4- and 8-week treatment visits and four weeks after treatment cessation, using validated patient-reported outcome measures. A significant reduction in cognitive fatigue perception and overall FIS-40 score (p < 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively) and an improvement in HRQoL (health-related quality of life (SF-36)) (p < 0.05) from baseline were observed within the experimental group over time. Statistically significant differences were also shown for sleep duration at 4 weeks and habitual sleep efficiency at 8 weeks in follow-up visits from baseline within the experimental group (p = 0.018 and p = 0.038, respectively). Overall, these findings support the use of CoQ10 plus NADH supplementation as a potentially safe therapeutic option for reducing perceived cognitive fatigue and improving the health-related quality of life in ME/CFS patients. Future interventions are needed to corroborate these clinical benefits and also explore the underlying pathomechanisms of CoQ10 and NADH administration in ME/CFS.
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Rusin A, Li M, Cocchetto A, Seymour C, Mothersill C. Radiation exposure and mitochondrial insufficiency in chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome. Med Hypotheses 2021; 154:110647. [PMID: 34358921 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (CFIDS) is a heterogeneous disease that may be promoted by various environmental stressors, including viral infection, toxin uptake, and ionizing radiation exposure. Previous studies have identified mitochondrial dysfunction in CFIDS patients, including modulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, deletions in the mitochondrial genome, and upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This paper focuses on radiation effects and hypothesizes that CFIDS is primarily caused by stressor-induced mitochondrial metabolic insufficiency, which results in decreased energy production and anabolic metabolites required for normal cellular metabolism. Furthermore, tissues neighbouring or distant from directly perturbed tissues compensate for this dysfunction, which causes symptoms associated with CFIDS. This hypothesis is justified by reviewing the links between radiation exposure and CFIDS, cancer, immune dysfunction, and induction of oxidative stress. Moreover, the relevance of mitochondria in cellular responses to radiation and metabolism are discussed and putative mitochondrial biomarkers for CFIDS are introduced. Implications for diagnosis are then described, including a potential urine assay and PCR test for mitochondrial genome mutations. Finally, future research needs are offered with an emphasis on where rapid progress may be made to assist the afflicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Rusin
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada.
| | - Megan Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Alan Cocchetto
- National CFIDS Foundation Inc., 103 Aletha Road, Needham, MA USA
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
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Castro-Marrero J, Zaragozá MC, López-Vílchez I, Galmés JL, Cordobilla B, Maurel S, Domingo JC, Alegre-Martín J. Effect of Melatonin Plus Zinc Supplementation on Fatigue Perception in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071010. [PMID: 34201806 PMCID: PMC8300692 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, multisystem, and profoundly debilitating condition, probably of multifactorial etiology. No effective approved drugs are currently available for its treatment. Several studies have proposed symptomatic treatment with melatonin and zinc supplementation in chronic illnesses; however, little is known about the synergistic effect of this treatment on fatigue-related symptoms in ME/CFS. The primary endpoint of the study was to assess the effect of oral melatonin plus zinc supplementation on fatigue in ME/CFS. Secondary measures included participants' sleep disturbances, anxiety/depression and health-related quality of life. A proof-of-concept, 16-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted in 50 ME/CFS patients assigned to receive either oral melatonin (1 mg) plus zinc (10 mg) supplementation (n = 24) or matching placebo (n = 26) once daily. Endpoint outcomes were evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at 8 and 16 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks after treatment cessation, using self-reported outcome measures. The most relevant results were the significant reduction in the perception of physical fatigue in the Mel-Zinc group at the final treatment follow-up versus placebo (p < 0.05), and the significant improvement in the physical component summary at all follow-up visits in the experimental group. Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels were significantly elevated though the treatment in experimental group vs. placebo (p < 0.0001); however, no significantly differences were observed for zinc concentration among participants. Our findings suggest that oral melatonin plus zinc supplementation for 16 weeks is safe and potentially effective in reducing fatigue and improving the quality of life in ME/CFS. This clinical study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03000777).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Castro-Marrero
- Division of Rheumatology, ME/CFS Unit, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-4893000 (ext. 3753)
| | - Maria-Cleofé Zaragozá
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorios Viñas, 08012 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-C.Z.); (I.L.-V.); (J.L.G.)
| | - Irene López-Vílchez
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorios Viñas, 08012 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-C.Z.); (I.L.-V.); (J.L.G.)
| | - José Luis Galmés
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorios Viñas, 08012 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-C.Z.); (I.L.-V.); (J.L.G.)
| | - Begoña Cordobilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.C.); (J.C.D.)
| | - Sara Maurel
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Joan Carles Domingo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.C.); (J.C.D.)
| | - José Alegre-Martín
- Division of Rheumatology, ME/CFS Unit, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
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Weigel B, Eaton-Fitch N, Passmore R, Cabanas H, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. A preliminary investigation of nutritional intake and supplement use in Australians with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and the implications on health-related quality of life. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:5730. [PMID: 34262415 PMCID: PMC8254462 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.5730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, multisystem illness without a currently recognized pharmacological treatment. Dietary supplementation and modification have been posited as potential management strategies; however, their efficacy is controversial. Objective This study aimed to assess the nutritional intake and supplement use of Australian ME/CFS patients and the perceived effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for the first time in an Australian patient population. Design Between February 2019 and January 2020, ME/CFS patients across Australia volunteered in this cross-sectional study in response to online advertisements. Eligible respondents were invited to complete three online self-administered questionnaires investigating their supplement use, nutritional intake, and HRQoL. The study participants’ supplement use and nutritional intake were summarized and compared with the population data returned from the Australian Health Survey (2011–2012). Multiple linear regression analysis was also performed to determine the effect of participants’ supplement use and nutrient intake on HRQoL. Results Twenty-four eligible ME/CFS patients (54.2% meeting the International Consensus Criteria, 79.2% female, mean age = 43.4 ± 10.5 years) completed the online questionnaires. Supplement use was highly prevalent among the study sample (87.5%) and considerably more common when compared with population data (31.9%). Daily total fats and caffeine intakes were significantly higher among ME/CFS patients when compared with the Australian population (P = 0.009 and P = 0.033, respectively), whereas daily intakes of total carbohydrates and alcohol were significantly lower (both P < 0.001). No consistent trends between nutrition and supplement use with patients’ HRQoL could be identified. Conclusions The daily diet and supplement use of ME/CFS patients appear to vary considerably from those of the general Australian population. Although the role of nutritional intake and supplement use on ME/CFS patients’ HRQoL remains unclear, dietary changes and the use of supplements appear to be of value to ME/CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna Weigel
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Natalie Eaton-Fitch
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Rachel Passmore
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Hélène Cabanas
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Donald Staines
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Testai L, Martelli A, Flori L, Cicero AFG, Colletti A. Coenzyme Q 10: Clinical Applications beyond Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:1697. [PMID: 34067632 PMCID: PMC8156424 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), present in mitochondria and cell membranes in reduced and oxidized forms. Acting as an energy transfer molecule, it occurs in particularly high levels in the liver, heart, and kidneys. CoQ10 is also an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent able to prevent the damage induced by free radicals and the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In this context, several studies have shown the possible inverse correlation between the blood levels of CoQ10 and some disease conditions. Interestingly, beyond cardiovascular diseases, CoQ10 is involved also in neuronal and muscular degenerative diseases, in migraine and in cancer; therefore, the supplementation with CoQ10 could represent a viable option to prevent these and in some cases might be used as an adjuvant to conventional treatments. This review is aimed to summarize the clinical applications regarding the use of CoQ10 in migraine, neurodegenerative diseases (including Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases), cancer, or degenerative muscle disorders (such as multiple sclerosis and chronic fatigue syndrome), analyzing its effect on patients' health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre ‘‘Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)’’, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre ‘‘Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)’’, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Zhu Z, Zhao X, OuYang Q, Wang Y, Xiong Y, Cong S, Zhou M, Zhang M, Luo X, Cheng M. Waterfall Forest Environment Regulates Chronic Stress via the NOX4/ROS/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Neurol 2021; 12:619728. [PMID: 33868142 PMCID: PMC8044934 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.619728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Forest therapy has been proven to have beneficial effects on people with depression and anxiety. However, it remains unknown whether the waterfall forest environment (WF) affects the physical and psychological health of patients with chronic fatigue and how the WF regulates chronic stress. Methods: Twenty-four patients with chronic fatigue were randomly divided into two groups: the WF group and the urban (U) group. Scores on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) were evaluated before and after environmental intervention. Detection of physiological indexes and inflammatory factor levels and immunological analysis were also performed. In addition, the chronic stress rat model was constructed, and the effects of the WF on hopelessness and liver damage of rats were investigated. Results: Patients with chronic fatigue in the WF group showed a significant decrease in FS-14, HAMA, and HAMD scores compared with the U group. The expression levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were remarkably higher in the WF group than in the U group. However, the expression levels of malondialdehyde and inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) were remarkably decreased after the intervention of the WF. In addition, animal experiments confirmed that the WF improved hopelessness, liver damage, and excitability of neurons of chronic stress rats. Mechanistically, the WF reduced the liver damage caused by chronic stress in rats by inhibiting the NOX4/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions: Collectively, the WF had a positive effect on immune enhancement and physical and psychological health in patients with chronic fatigue and might inhibit chronic stress by regulating the NOX4/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xueke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiuyue OuYang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuo Cong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingyu Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinhua Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingliang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Food Implications in Central Sensitization Syndromes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124106. [PMID: 33352747 PMCID: PMC7766296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) are some of the central sensitization syndromes (CSSs). The complexity of their diagnosis, the high interindividual heterogeneity and the existence of multi-syndromic patients requires a multifaceted treatment. The scientific literature is contradictory regarding the role of food in CSS, and evidence on the role of nutrition in MCS is particularly scarce. This review consists in gathering information about the current status of dietary recommendations (i.e., special dietary interventions, the role of additives, presence of micronutrient deficiencies, nutritional supplements and elimination of other nutrients and substances) and discussing the scientific evidence in depth to shed light on appropriate nutritional treatment managements for CSS patients. Current indications show that dietary modifications may vastly improve the patients’ quality of life at a low cost. We suggest personalized treatment, taking into consideration the severity of the disease symptoms, quality of life, coexistence with other diseases, pharmacological treatment, changing clinical characteristics, nutritional status, energy requirements and food tolerances, among others, as the best ways to tailor specific dietary interventions. These approaches will partially overcome the lack of scientific and clinical research on MSC. Patients should also be advised on the serious consequences of following dietary guidelines without a dietitian’s and clinician’s supervision.
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Environmental, Neuro-immune, and Neuro-oxidative Stress Interactions in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4598-4607. [PMID: 32761353 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS) is a complex, multisystem disease that is characterized by long-term fatigue, exhaustion, disabilities, pain, neurocognitive impairments, gastrointestinal symptoms, and post-exertional malaise, as well as lowered occupational, educational, and social functions. The clinical and biomarker diagnosis of this disorder is hampered by the lack of validated diagnostic criteria and laboratory tests with adequate figures of merit, although there are now many disease biomarkers indicating the pathophysiology of CFS. Here, we review multiple factors, such as immunological and environmental factors, which are associated with CFS and evaluate current concepts on the involvement of immune and environmental factors in the pathophysiology of CFS. The most frequently reported immune dysregulations in CFS are modifications in immunoglobulin contents, changes in B and T cell phenotypes and cytokine profiles, and decreased cytotoxicity of natural killer cells. Some of these immune aberrations display a moderate diagnostic performance to externally validate the clinical diagnosis of CFS, including the expression of activation markers and protein kinase R (PKR) activity. Associated with the immune aberrations are activated nitro-oxidative pathways, which may explain the key symptoms of CFS. This review shows that viral and bacterial infections, as well as nutritional deficiencies, may further aggravate the immune-oxidative pathophysiology of CFS. Targeted treatments with antioxidants and lipid replacement treatments may have some clinical efficacy in CFS. We conclude that complex interactions between immune and nitro-oxidative pathways, infectious agents, environmental factors, and nutritional deficiencies play a role in the pathophysiology of CFS.
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J, Peana M. Metals, autoimmunity, and neuroendocrinology: Is there a connection? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109541. [PMID: 32445945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that metals can induce autoimmunity. However, few studies have attempted to assess and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. Recent research has tried to evaluate the possible interactions of the immune system with metal ions, particularly with heavy metals. Research indicates that metals have the potential to induce or promote the development of autoimmunity in humans. Metal-induced inflammation may dysregulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and thus contribute to fatigue and other non-specific symptoms characterizing disorders related to autoimmune diseases. The toxic effects of several metals are also mediated through free radical formation, cell membrane disturbance, or enzyme inhibition. There are worldwide increases in environmental metal pollution. It is therefore critical that studies on the role of metals in autoimmunity, and neuroendocrine disorders, including effects on the developing immune system and brain and the genetic susceptibility are performed. These studies can lead to efficient preventive strategies and improved therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have retrieved and commented on studies that evaluated the effects of metal toxicity on immune and endocrine-related pathways. This review aims to increase awareness of metals as factors in the onset and progression of autoimmune and neuroendocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Raggi A, Leonardi M, Mellor-Marsá B, Moneta MV, Sanchez-Niubo A, Tyrovolas S, Giné-Vázquez I, Haro JM, Chatterji S, Bobak M, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Arndt H, Hossin MZ, Bickenbach J, Koskinen S, Tobiasz-Adamczyk B, Panagiotakos D, Corso B. Predictors of pain in general ageing populations: results from a multi-country analysis based on ATHLOS harmonized database. J Headache Pain 2020; 21:45. [PMID: 32375641 PMCID: PMC7201730 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-020-01116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a common symptom, often associated with neurological and musculoskeletal conditions, and experienced especially by females and by older people, and with increasing trends in general populations. Different risk factors for pain have been identified, but generally from studies with limited samples and a limited number of candidate predictors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictors of pain from a large set of variables and respondents. METHODS We used part of the harmonized dataset of ATHLOS project, selecting studies and waves with a longitudinal course, and in which pain was absent at baseline and with no missing at follow-up. Predictors were selected based on missing distribution and univariable association with pain, and were selected from the following domains: Socio-demographic and economic characteristics, Lifestyle and health behaviours, Health status and functional limitations, Diseases, Physical measures, Cognition, personality and other psychological measures, and Social environment. Hierarchical logistic regression models were then applied to identify significant predictors. RESULTS A total of 13,545 subjects were included of whom 5348 (39.5%) developed pain between baseline and the average 5.2 years' follow-up. Baseline risk factors for pain were female gender (OR 1.34), engaging in vigorous exercise (OR 2.51), being obese (OR 1.36) and suffering from the loss of a close person (OR 1.88) whereas follow-up risk factors were low energy levels/fatigue (1.93), difficulties with walking (1.69), self-rated health referred as poor (OR 2.20) or average to moderate (OR 1.57) and presence of sleep problems (1.80). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that 39.5% of respondents developed pain over a five-year follow-up period, that there are proximal and distal risk factors for pain, and that part of them are directly modifiable. Actions aimed at improving sleep, reducing weight among obese people and treating fatigue would positively impact on pain onset, and avoiding vigorous exercise should be advised to people aged 60 or over, in particular if female or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Raggi
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Blanca Mellor-Marsá
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria V Moneta
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Sanchez-Niubo
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundacion Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Somnath Chatterji
- Information, Evidence and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bobak
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jose L Ayuso-Mateos
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Muhammad Z Hossin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jerome Bickenbach
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Barbara Corso
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
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Azzolino D, Arosio B, Marzetti E, Calvani R, Cesari M. Nutritional Status as a Mediator of Fatigue and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Older People. Nutrients 2020; 12:E444. [PMID: 32050677 PMCID: PMC7071235 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is an often-neglected symptom but frequently complained of by older people, leading to the inability to continue functioning at a normal level of activity. Fatigue is frequently associated with disease conditions and impacts health status and quality of life. Yet, fatigue cannot generally be completely explained as a consequence of a single disease or pathogenetic mechanism. Indeed, fatigue mirrors the exhaustion of the physiological reserves of an older individual. Despite its clinical relevance, fatigue is typically underestimated by healthcare professionals, mainly because reduced stamina is considered to be an unavoidable corollary of aging. The incomplete knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms of fatigue and the lack of a gold standard tool for its assessment contribute to the poor appreciation of fatigue in clinical practice. Inadequate nutrition is invoked as one of the mechanisms underlying fatigue. Modifications in food intake and body composition changes seem to influence the perception of fatigue, probably through the mechanisms of inflammation and/or mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we present an overview on the mechanisms that may mediate fatigue levels in old age, with a special focus on nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Azzolino
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (R.C.)
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Bjørklund G, Peana M, Dadar M, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J, Martins N. Mercury-induced autoimmunity: Drifting from micro to macro concerns on autoimmune disorders. Clin Immunol 2020; 213:108352. [PMID: 32032765 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is widely recognized as a neurotoxic metal, besides it can also act as a proinflammatory agent and immunostimulant, depending on individual exposure and susceptibility. Mercury exposure may arise from internal body pathways, such as via dental amalgams, preservatives in drugs and vaccines, and seafood consumption, or even from external pathways, i.e., occupational exposure, environmental pollution, and handling of metallic items and cosmetics containing Hg. In susceptible individuals, chronic low Hg exposure may trigger local and systemic inflammation, even exacerbating the already existing autoimmune response in patients with autoimmunity. Mercury exposure can trigger dysfunction of the autoimmune responses and aggravate immunotoxic effects associated with elevated serum autoantibodies titers. The purpose of the present review is to provide a critical overview of the many issues associated with Hg exposure and autoimmunity. In addition, the paper focuses on individual susceptibility and other health effects of Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Natural medicines for the treatment of fatigue: Bioactive components, pharmacology, and mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Daneshfard B, Yekta NH, Khoshdel A, Heiran A, Cheraghi R, Yarmohammadi H. The effect of Delphinium denudatum (Jadwar) on fatigue: A randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2019; 46:29-35. [PMID: 31519284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fatigue is a common problem in modern-day life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Delphinium denudatum (Jadwar) on fatigue. METHODS This study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial between healthy normal university students. In each group, participants were given one capsule of either WEACURE® (containing 500 mg of Jadwar root powder) or placebo for 15 consecutive days. Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) questionnaire was used before and after the intervention to evaluate different aspects of fatigue. RESULTS A total number of 64 participants completed the study. Data analysis showed decrease in the scores of all five domains of fatigue in Jadwar group (13.31 ± 3.05-7.75 ± 2.66, 12.31 ± 3.55-7.63 ± 2.62, 12.22 ± 4.26-6.97 ± 2.06, 11.56 ± 4.21 to 7.28 ± 2.37, 12.91 ± 3.09-7.34 ± 2.13 in general fatigue, physical fatigue, reduced activity, reduced motivation, and mental fatigue domains, respectively) which was statistically significant (P value<0.0001). This situation was significantly superior to the placebo group. Prescribed dosage of WEACURE® capsule was well tolerated. CONCLUSION As a complementary tonic agent, Jadwar have a potential to reduce fatigue in normal population. However, objective evaluation of its anti-fatigue effect should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Daneshfard
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Hosseini Yekta
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khoshdel
- Epidemiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Heiran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roya Cheraghi
- R&D manager, Shefanegar Nazari Pharmaceutical corporation, Qom, Iran
| | - Hassan Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Anti-Inflammatory Diets and Fatigue. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102315. [PMID: 31574939 PMCID: PMC6835556 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data indicates a link between a pro-inflammatory status and occurrence of chronic disease-related fatigue. The questions are whether the observed inflammatory profile can be (a) improved by anti-inflammatory diets, and (b) if this improvement can in turn be translated into a significant fatigue reduction. The aim of this narrative review was to investigate the effect of anti-inflammatory nutrients, foods, and diets on inflammatory markers and fatigue in various patient populations. Next to observational and epidemiological studies, a total of 21 human trials have been evaluated in this work. Current available research is indicative, rather than evident, regarding the effectiveness of individuals’ use of single nutrients with anti-inflammatory and fatigue-reducing effects. In contrast, clinical studies demonstrate that a balanced diet with whole grains high in fibers, polyphenol-rich vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acid-rich foods might be able to improve disease-related fatigue symptoms. Nonetheless, further research is needed to clarify conflicting results in the literature and substantiate the promising results from human trials on fatigue.
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Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: From pathophysiological insights to novel therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104450. [PMID: 31509764 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a common and disabling condition with a paucity of effective and evidence-based therapies, reflecting a major unmet need. Cognitive behavioural therapy and graded exercise are of modest benefit for only some ME/CFS patients, and many sufferers report aggravation of symptoms of fatigue with exercise. The presence of a multiplicity of pathophysiological abnormalities in at least the subgroup of people with ME/CFS diagnosed with the current international consensus "Fukuda" criteria, points to numerous potential therapeutic targets. Such abnormalities include extensive data showing that at least a subgroup has a pro-inflammatory state, increased oxidative and nitrosative stress, disruption of gut mucosal barriers and mitochondrial dysfunction together with dysregulated bioenergetics. In this paper, these pathways are summarised, and data regarding promising therapeutic options that target these pathways are highlighted; they include coenzyme Q10, melatonin, curcumin, molecular hydrogen and N-acetylcysteine. These data are promising yet preliminary, suggesting hopeful avenues to address this major unmet burden of illness.
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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9030091. [PMID: 31394725 PMCID: PMC6787585 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9030091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic disease of unknown aetiology that is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) as a disorder of the brain. The disease predominantly affects adults, with a peak age of onset of between 20 and 45 years with a female to male ratio of 3:1. Although the clinical features of the disease have been well established within diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of ME/CFS is still of exclusion, meaning that other medical conditions must be ruled out. The pathophysiological mechanisms are unclear but the neuro-immuno-endocrinological pattern of CFS patients gleaned from various studies indicates that these three pillars may be the key point to understand the complexity of the disease. At the moment, there are no specific pharmacological therapies to treat the disease, but several studies' aims and therapeutic approaches have been described in order to benefit patients' prognosis, symptomatology relief, and the recovery of pre-existing function. This review presents a pathophysiological approach to understanding the essential concepts of ME/CFS, with an emphasis on the population, clinical, and genetic concepts associated with ME/CFS.
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Kluson P, Stavarek P, Penkavova V, Vychodilova H, Hejda S, Jaklova N, Curinova P. Stereoselective synthesis of optical isomers of ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate in a microfluidic chip reactor. J Flow Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-019-00043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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Theoharides TC. In Search of Effective Treatments for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Clin Ther 2019; 41:796-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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