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Xue H, Liang B, Wang Y, Gao H, Fang S, Xie K, Tan J. The regulatory effect of polysaccharides on the gut microbiota and their effect on human health: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132170. [PMID: 38734333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides with low toxicity and high biological activities are a kind of biological macromolecule. Recently, growing studies have confirmed that polysaccharides could improve obesity, diabetes, tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, hyperlipidemia, diarrhea, and liver-related diseases by changing the intestinal micro-environment. Moreover, polysaccharides could promote human health by regulating gut microbiota, enhancing production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), improving intestinal mucosal barrier, regulating lipid metabolism, and activating specific signaling pathways. Notably, the biological activities of polysaccharides are closely related to their molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond types, and regulation of gut microbiota. The intestinal microbiota can secrete glycoside hydrolases, lyases, and esterases to break down polysaccharides chains and generate monosaccharides, thereby promoting their absorption and utilization. The degradation of polysaccharides can produce SCFAs, further regulating the proportion of gut microbiota and achieving the effect of preventing and treating various diseases. This review aims to summarize the latest studies: 1) effect of polysaccharides structures on intestinal flora; 2) regulatory effect of polysaccharides on gut microbiota; 3) effects of polysaccharides on gut microbe-mediated diseases; 4) regulation of gut microbiota on polysaccharides metabolism. The findings are expected to provide important information for the development of polysaccharides and the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Beimeng Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Saisai Fang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kaifang Xie
- College of Textile and Fashion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, NO. 88 East Fuxing Road, Yuetang District, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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Khan IU, Jamil Y, Khan A, Ahmad J, Iqbal A, Ali S, Hamayun M, Hussain A, Alrefaei AF, Almutairi MH, Ahmad A. Pichia pastoris Mediated Digestion of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Cress Seed Mucilage Produces Potent Antidiabetic Oligosaccharides. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:704. [PMID: 38931372 PMCID: PMC11206588 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder that poses significant health and economic challenges across the globe. Polysaccharides, found abundantly in edible plants, hold promise for managing diabetes by reducing blood glucose levels (BGL) and insulin resistance. However, most of these polysaccharides cannot be digested or absorbed directly by the human body. Here we report the production of antidiabetic oligosaccharides from cress seed mucilage polysaccharides using yeast fermentation. The water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from cress seed mucilage were precipitated using 75% ethanol and fermented with Pichia pastoris for different time intervals. The digested saccharides were fractionated through gel permeation chromatography using a Bio Gel P-10 column. Structural analysis of the oligosaccharide fractions revealed the presence of galacturonic acid, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose and arabinose. Oligosaccharide fractions exhibited the potential to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The fraction DF73 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against α-amylase with IC50 values of 38.2 ± 1.12 µg/mL, compared to the positive control, acarbose, having an IC50 value of 29.18 ± 1.76 µg/mL. Similarly, DF72 and DF73 showed the highest inhibition of α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 9.26 ± 2.68 and 50.47 ± 5.18 µg/mL, respectively. In in vivo assays in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, these oligosaccharides significantly reduced BGL and improved lipid profiles compared to the reference drug metformin. Histopathological observations of mouse livers indicated the cytoprotective effects of these sugars. Taken together, our results suggest that oligosaccharides produced through microbial digestion of polysaccharides extracted from cress seed mucilage have the potential to reduce blood glucose levels, possibly through inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes and regulation of the various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imdad Ullah Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Yusra Jamil
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Aiman Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Jalwa Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Anwar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.H.); (A.H.)
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.A.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.F.A.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (I.U.K.); (Y.J.); (A.K.); (J.A.)
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Zhang X, Wang J, Zhang T, Li S, Liu J, Li M, Lu J, Zhang M, Chen H. Updated Progress on Polysaccharides with Anti-Diabetic Effects through the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: Sources, Mechanisms, and Structure-Activity Relationships. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:456. [PMID: 38675416 PMCID: PMC11053653 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease worldwide. The disturbance of the gut microbiota has a complex influence on the development of DM. Polysaccharides are one type of the most important natural components with anti-diabetic effects. Gut microbiota can participate in the fermentation of polysaccharides, and through this, polysaccharides regulate the gut microbiota and improve DM. This review begins by a summary of the sources, anti-diabetic effects and the gut microbiota regulation functions of natural polysaccharides. Then, the mechanisms of polysaccharides in regulating the gut microbiota to exert anti-diabetic effects and the structure-activity relationship are summarized. It is found that polysaccharides from plants, fungi, and marine organisms show great hypoglycemic activities and the gut microbiota regulation functions. The mechanisms mainly include repairing the gut burrier, reshaping gut microbiota composition, changing the metabolites, regulating anti-inflammatory activity and immune function, and regulating the signal pathways. Structural characteristics of polysaccharides, such as monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and type of glycosidic linkage, show great influence on the anti-diabetic activity of polysaccharides. This review provides a reference for the exploration and development of the anti-diabetic effects of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Shuqin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingyue Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyang Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Min Zhang
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
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Chen DQ, Zhang HJ, Zhang W, Feng K, Liu H, Zhao HL, Li P. Tangshen Formula alleviates inflammatory injury against aged diabetic kidney disease through modulating gut microbiota composition and related amino acid metabolism. Exp Gerontol 2024; 188:112393. [PMID: 38458480 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is leading causes and one of the fastest growing causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide, and leads to high morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidences have revealed gut microbiota dysbiosis and related metabolism dysfunction play a dominant role in DKD progression and treatment through modulating inflammation. Our previous studies showed that Tangshen Formula (TSF), a Chinese herbal prescription, exhibited anti-inflammatory effect on DKD, but underlying mechanism that involved gut microbiota and related metabolism in aged model remained obscure. Here, BTBR ob/ob mice were used to establish aged DKD model, and 16S rRNA sequence and untargeted metabolomic analyses were employed to investigate the correlation between colonic microbiota and serum metabolism. The aged ob/ob mice exhibited obvious glomerular and renal tubule injury and kidney function decline in kidney, while TSF treatment significantly attenuated these abnormalities. TSF also exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effect in aged ob/ob mice indicating by reduced proinflammatory factor IL-6 and TNF-α, MCP-1 and COX-2 in serum, kidney and intestine, which suggested the involvement of gut microbiota with TSF effect. The 16S rDNA sequencing of the colonic microbiome and untargeted serum metabolomics analysis revealed significant differences in gut microbiota structure and serum metabolomic profiles between WT and ob/ob mice. Notably, TSF treatment reshaped the structure of gut microbiota and corrected the disorder of metabolism especially tryptophan metabolism and arginine biosynthesis. TSF increased Anaeroplasma and Barnesiella genera and decreased Romboutsia, Akkermansia, and Collinsella genera, and further elevated tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetate, glutamic acid, aspartate and reduced 4-hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, xanthurenic acid, glutamine. Further correlation analysis indicated that disturbed gut microbiota was linked to tryptophan metabolism and arginine biosynthesis to regulate inflammation in aged DKD. Our data revealed that TSF attenuated renal inflammation by modulating gut microbiota and related amino acid metabolism in aged DKD model, highlighting gut microbiota and related metabolism functioned as potential therapeutic target for DKD in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Chen
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hao-Jun Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hai-Ling Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China.
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Wang X, Guo L, Zheng L, Zhao W, Li L. Natural Sweetener Glycyrrhetinic Acid Monoglucuronide Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3483-3494. [PMID: 38346790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Noncaloric or low-caloric sweeteners have become popular worldwide, although debates persist regarding their impact on health. To investigate whether the sweeteners are favorable for glucose homeostasis, our study assessed the effects of glycyrrhetinic acid monoglucuronide (GAMG) and several commonly used sweeteners [glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), stevioside, erythritol, sucralose, and aspartame] on glycometabolism and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. The C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to different sweeteners for 10 weeks, and our results showed that GAMG significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (FBG-control: 3.81 ± 0.42 mmol/L; FBG-GAMG: 3.37 ± 0.38 mmol/L; p < 0.05) and the blood glucose levels 15 and 30 min after sucrose or maltose loading (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it improved glucose tolerance (p = 0.028) and enhanced insulin sensitivity (p = 0.044), while the other sweeteners had negligible or adverse effects on glucose homeostasis. Subsequent experiments showed that GAMG inhibited α-glucosidases potently (IC50 = 0.879 mg·mL-1), increased three SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFAs levels (p < 0.05), and promoted the gene expression of SCFA receptor GPR43 (p = 0.018). These results suggest that GAMG may regulate blood glucose by inhibiting α-glucosidases and modulating gut microbial SCFAs. Our findings prove that GAMG, beneficial to blood glucose regulation, is a promising natural sweetener for future utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Lichun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Libing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Yang MH, Yang Y, Zhou X, Chen HG. Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of anti-diabetes effect and mechanism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:101. [PMID: 38217792 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes is a chronic disease in metabolic disorder, and the pathology is characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion disorder in blood. In current, many studies have revealed that polysaccharides extracted from natural sources with significant anti-diabetic effects. Natural polysaccharides can ameliorate diabetes through different action mechanisms. All these polysaccharides are expected to have an important role in the clinic. METHODS Existing polysaccharides for the treatment of diabetes are reviewed, and the mechanism of polysaccharides in the treatment of diabetes and its structural characteristics are described in detail. RESULTS This article introduced the natural polysaccharide through different mechanisms of action in the treatment of diabetes, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory response and regulation of intestinal bacteria. Natural polysaccharides can treat of diabetes by regulating signaling pathways is also a research hotspot. In addition, the structural characteristics of polysaccharides were explored. There are some structure-activity relationships between natural polysaccharides and the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Hua-Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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Shi P, Yan Z, Chen M, Li P, Wang D, Zhou J, Wang Z, Yang S, Zhang Z, Li C, Yin Y, Huang P. Effects of dietary supplementation with Radix Isatidis polysaccharide on egg quality, immune function, and intestinal health in hens. Res Vet Sci 2024; 166:105080. [PMID: 37952298 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementing laying hen diets with Radix Isatidis Polysaccharide (RIPS) on egg quality, immune function, and intestinal health. The research was conducted using 288 Hyland Brown hens, which were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: control (without RIPS), low dose (200 g/t), medium dose (500 g/t), and high dose (1000 g/t) of RIPS. Each dietary treatment was administered to eight replicates of nine hens for nine weeks. The results revealed that RIPS inclusion in diets significantly improved egg quality parameters such as egg shape index, yolk color, haugh unit, and protein height (P < 0.05). Additionally, RIPS supplementation enhanced immune function as evidenced by an alteration in serum biochemical parameters, an increase in the spleen index, and a decrease in the liver index. Further, an evaluation of intestinal health showed that RIPS fortified the intestinal barrier, thus increasing the population of beneficial intestinal bacteria and reducing the abundance of harmful ones. Such mechanisms promoted intestinal health, digestion, and nutrient absorption, ultimately leading to enhanced egg quality. In conclusion, supplementing laying hen diets with RIPS has been demonstrated to improve egg quality by boosting immunity and optimizing intestinal digestion and absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zenghao Yan
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Miaofen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Pingping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Deqin Wang
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junjuan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shihao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chuyuan Li
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Li J, Zhang H, Ouyang H, Xu W, Sun Y, Zhong Y, Wang L, Huang J, Chen J, Li M, Zhu W, Liu Y, Liu R. Pueraria thomsonii Radix Water Extract Alleviate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in db/db Mice through Comprehensive Regulation of Metabolism and Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2023; 28:7471. [PMID: 38005193 PMCID: PMC10673130 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasingly prevalent and serious health problem. Its onset is typically associated with metabolic disorders and disturbances in the gut microbiota. Previous studies have reported the anti-T2DM effects of Pueraria thomsonii Radix as a functional food. However, the mechanism of action is still unknown. In this study, rich polyphenols and polysaccharides from Pueraria Thomsonii Radix water extract (PTR) were quantitatively determined, and then the effects of PTR on db/db mice were evaluated by pharmacology, metabolomics, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that PTR could alleviate pancreatic tissue damage, significantly decrease fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), urinary glucose (UGLU), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR). Metabolomics showed that the Diabetes Control (DM) group produced 109 differential metabolites, of which 74 could be regulated by PTR. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed in fecal samples and results showed that PTR could reduce the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B) ratio and regulate three beneficial bacteria and one harmful bacterium. In conclusion, the results showed that PTR could ameliorate the T2DM symptoms, metabolic disorder, and gut microbiota imbalance of db/db mice, and it was superior to metformin in some aspects. We suggested for the first time that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may be involved in the regulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGB) and thus affects the metabolic disorders associated with T2DM. This study will provide a scientific basis for the development of functional food with PTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China;
| | - Hui Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Weixin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Youbao Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Lifang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Junchang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Mingyao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China;
| | - Yuhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Ronghua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (J.L.); (H.O.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (J.H.); (J.C.); (M.L.)
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Zhou L, Song Y, Jiang Y, Wei Y, Jiang S, Chen Y, Ye J, Shao X. Physicochemical properties and anti-diabetic ability of polysaccharides from a thinned peach fruit. Food Funct 2023; 14:8876-8892. [PMID: 37698234 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Thinned peach fruit is a by-product with abundant yields. However, it is barely utilized. This study aimed to study the physicochemical properties and anti-diabetic ability of polysaccharides (PPSs) from a thinned peach fruit to investigate its application potential. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations were performed together with tests to determine rheology properties, monosaccharide composition, and molecular weight of the obtained polysaccharide. Moreover, the antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibitory activity, binding abilities to bile salts, and effects on type 2 diabetic mice were analyzed. The results indicated that PPS consisted of two components with molecular weights of 287.38 kDa and 12.02 kDa, accounting for 89.83% and 10.17% of the composition, respectively. The dominant monosaccharides were galactose, galacturonic acid, and arabinose, exhibiting α-configurations. The concentration was positively related to the viscosity of PPS. As the temperature was increased from 25 °C to 37 °C and the pH from 2.0 to 7.0, the viscosity decreased. The IC50 values for scavenging DPPH and ABTS were around 0.22 and 1.47 mg mL-1. Also, PPS could inhibit α-amylase ability and bind bile salts. The administration of PPS significantly inhibited emaciation, organ damage, improved oral glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, enhanced the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and regulated blood lipid profiles and the composition and structure of colon microbiota in type-2 diabetic mice. These results provide new evidence for the potential of PPS as a bioactive ingredient with anti-diabetic properties for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yu Song
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yingying Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Shu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Jianfen Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China.
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10
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Yi SW, Lee HG, Kim E, Jung YH, Bok EY, Cho A, Do YJ, Hur TY, Oh SI. Raw potato starch diet supplement in weaned pigs could reduce Salmonella Typhimurium infection by altering microbiome composition and improving immune status. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1183400. [PMID: 37288274 PMCID: PMC10242040 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1183400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgorund Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) is one of the causative agents of gastroenteritis in pigs. Pigs fed a diet supplemented with raw potato starch (RPS) have improved gut health by the alteration of the microbiota composition and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of RPS supplementation in reducing infection severity and fecal shedding in ST-infected pigs. Methods The weaned experimental pigs were divided into two groups: CON (n = 6) fed a corn/soybean-based diet and TRT (n = 6) supplemented with 5% RPS. After 21 d, the pigs were inoculated with ST, and their body weight, clinical signs, and fecal shedding of ST were monitored for 14 d. At 14 d post-inoculation (dpi), the jejunum, cecum, ileum, and colon tissues were collected from euthanized pigs, and histopathological lesions and cytokine gene expression were compared. Additionally, blood samples at 2 dpi were analyzed for gene ontology enrichment. Moreover, the gutmicrobiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing, and the SCFA concentration was measured using gas chromatography. Results The average daily weight gain was significantly higher in TRT than in CON during the ST infection period; however, histopathological lesion scores were significantly lower in TRT than in CON. The relative abundance of nine genera of butyrate- and acetate-producing bacteria significantly increased in TRT compared with that of only two acetate-producing bacteria in CON. Among the genes involved in the immune response, IL-18 expression level was significantly lower in the jejunum and colon in TRT than in CON. Furthermore, Reg3γ expression was significantly different in the cecum and colon of both groups. Conclusion The diet supplemented with RPS in weaned pigs could result in predominance of butyrate- and acetate-producing bacteria, reducing the severity of ST infection by improving the immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Yi
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyu Lee
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Kim
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hun Jung
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Yeong Bok
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Do
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Young Hur
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ik Oh
- Division of Animal Diseases and Health, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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11
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Fan H, Chen M, Dai T, Deng L, Liu C, Zhou W, Chen J. Phenolic compounds profile of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire and their antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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12
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Shi R, Tao Y, Tang H, Wu C, Fei J, Ge H, Gu HF, Wu J. Abelmoschus Manihot ameliorates the levels of circulating metabolites in diabetic nephropathy by modulating gut microbiota in non-obese diabetes mice. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:813-826. [PMID: 36583468 PMCID: PMC10034626 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Huangkui capsule (HKC), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for medication of kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of HKC in the modulation of gut microbiota and the amelioration of metabolite levels by using non-obese diabetes (NOD) mice with DN. The microbiota from three parts of intestines (duodenum, ileum and colon) in NOD mice with and without HKC treatment were analysed using 16S rDNA sequencing techniques. Untargeted metabolomics in plasma of NOD mice were analysed with liquid mass spectrometry. Results showed that HKC administration ameliorated DN in NOD mice and the flora in duodenum were more sensitive to HKC intervention, while the flora in colon had more effects on metabolism. The bacterial genera such as Faecalitalea and Muribaculum significantly increased and negatively correlated with most of the altered metabolites after HKC treatment, while Phyllobacterium, Weissella and Akkermansia showed an opposite trend. The plasma metabolites, mainly including amino acids and fatty acids such as methionine sulfoxide, BCAAs and cis-7-Hexadecenoic acid, exhibited a distinct return to normal after HKC treatment. The current study thereby provides experimental evidence suggesting that HKC may modulate gut microbiota and subsequently ameliorate the metabolite levels in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiya Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjun Tao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhua Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjin Fei
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Harvest F Gu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Xu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Fan G. Managing metabolic diseases: The roles and therapeutic prospects of herb-derived polysaccharides. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114538. [PMID: 36931026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have become a public health problem worldwide. Effective, novel and natural therapies are urgently needed to treat metabolic diseases. As natural bioactive compounds, polysaccharides have many physiological and medicinal properties. Recently, herb-derived polysaccharides have shown beneficial effects in the treatment of metabolic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review comprehensively summarizes the pharmacological progress and clinical evidence of herb-derived polysaccharides in the treatment of three metabolic diseases, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity, and more importantly, discusses the molecular mechanism involved. Existing evidence has proved that herb-derived polysaccharides can maintain glucose homeostasis, promote insulin secretion, improve insulin resistance, reduce weight gain and hepatic steatosis, inhibit lipogenesis, alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and improve gut microbiota disorders in rodents with metabolic diseases. Notably, so far, human clinical trials of herb-derived polysaccharides for these three metabolic diseases remain rare. All in all, herb-derived polysaccharides may have good potential as drug candidates for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. More high-quality clinical trials are needed to further validate its effectiveness and safety in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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14
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Zhao Y, Song P, Yin S, Fan T, Li F, Ge X, Liu T, Xu W, Xu S, Chen L. Onchidium struma polysaccharides exhibit hypoglycemic activity and modulate the gut microbiota in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Funct 2023; 14:1937-1951. [PMID: 36691957 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02450k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Onchidium struma polysaccharides (OsPs) are natural biologically active compounds, and our previous work showed that they can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase in vitro, showing potential hypoglycemic activity. However, the effects of OsPs on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in vivo remain unknown. Thus, the anti-diabetic activity of OsPs was evaluated in the present study in diabetic mice. The results showed that OsPs can significantly ameliorate the features of T2DM in mice by improving the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and pro-inflammatory factors, and ameliorating insulin resistance. Furthermore, OsPs can significantly improve biochemical indicators, decrease the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), and reduce lipid accumulation in the liver. The possible mechanism of the prevention and treatment of T2DM by OsPs may involve the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT-1) signaling pathway. OsPs can regulate the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and reverse the abundance of Lactobacillus in mice with T2DM. Moreover, OsPs significantly increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice with T2DM. Our results indicate that OsPs can be used as a novel food supplement for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Zhao
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Peilin Song
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China. .,Public Analysis Department, Pharmaceutical Research Institute of Jumpcan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Tianyong Fan
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Fengwei Li
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Yancheng Second People's Hospital, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Su Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yancheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, China.
| | - Ligen Chen
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
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15
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Xie C, Gao W, Li X, Luo S, Wu D, Chye FY. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) polysaccharide ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) via the regulation of hepatic glycogen metabolism. NFS JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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16
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Gao L, Zhang W, Yang L, Fan H, Olatunji OJ. Stink bean ( Parkia speciosa) empty pod: a potent natural antidiabetic agent for the prevention of pancreatic and hepatorenal dysfunction in high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:261-267. [PMID: 33522287 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1876733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of polyphenol-rich extract of Parkia speciosa (PPS) against pancreatic and hepatorenal dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Diabetic rats were treated with PPS (100 and 400 mg/kg) and glibenclamide. The results revealed that diabetic rats displayed marked hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hypoinsulinemia as well as alterations in serum renal and kidney function markers. Furthermore, diabetic rats showed significant increase in hepatorenal level of malonaldehyde as well as suppression of antioxidant enzyme activities. Whereas, diabetic rats that received PPS displayed marked attenuation in most of the aforementioned parameters compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Additionally, histological examination revealed restoration of histopathological alterations of the pancreas, liver, and kidney of PPS treated diabetic rats. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that PPS could decrease serum lipids and blood glucose level, enhance insulin level and hepatorenal antioxidant capacity, as well as ameliorate hepatorenal dysfunction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Danyang Peoples Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Leiyan Yang
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peace Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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17
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Zhou Y, Zhang F, Mao L, Feng T, Wang K, Xu M, Lv B, Wang X. Bifico relieves irritable bowel syndrome by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:139-155. [PMID: 35918555 PMCID: PMC9899748 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gut microbiota dysbiosis, a core pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is closely related to immunological and metabolic functions. Gut microbiota-based therapeutics have been recently explored in several studies. Bifico is a probiotic cocktail widely used in gastrointestinal disorders which relate to the imbalance of gut microbiota. However, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of Bifico treatment in IBS remains incompletely understood. METHODS Adopting a wrap restraint stress (WRS) -induced IBS mice model. Protective effect of Bifico in IBS mice was examined through abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores. 16S rDNA, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and western blot assays were performed to analyze alterations of gut microbiota, microbiome metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, respectively. RESULTS Bifico could decrease intestinal visceral hypersensitivity. Although gut microbiota diversity did not increase, composition of gut microbiota was changed after treatment of Bifico, which were characterized by an increase of Proteobacteria phylum and Actinobacteria phylum, Muribaculum genus, Bifidobacterium genus and a decrease of Parabacteroides genus, Sutterella genus and Lactobacillus genus. Moreover, Bifico elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and reduced protein levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). From further Spearman's correlation analysis, Bifidobacterium genus were positively correlated with SCFAs including propionate, butyrate, valerate and negatively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION Bifico could alleviate symptoms of IBS mice through regulation of the gut microbiota, elevating production of SCFAs and reducing the colonic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhou
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China ,grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Liqi Mao
- grid.411440.40000 0001 0238 8414Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou, 313000 Zhejiang China
| | - Tongfei Feng
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Maosheng Xu
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China
| | - Bin Lv
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang China ,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hubin Campus, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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18
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Xiang T, Wu L, Isah MB, Chen C, Zhang X. Apocynum venetum, a medicinal, economical and ecological plant: a review update. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14966. [PMID: 36908824 PMCID: PMC10000306 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Apocynum venetum L. is an important medicinal perennial rhizome plant with good ecological and economic value. Its leaves have many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-anxiolytic, etc., while its fibers have the title of "king of wild fibers". Furthermore, it was suitable for the restoration of degraded saline soil in arid areas. An increasing studies have been published in the past years. A scientometric analysis was used to analyze the publications of Apocynum venetum L. to clearly review the pharmacology, fiber application of Apocynum venetum L. and the potential value with its similar species (Apocynum pictum Schrenk) to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xiang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Longjiang Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Murtala Bindawa Isah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University Katsina, Katsina, Nigeria.,Biomedical Research and Training Centre, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China.,Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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19
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Le TH, Le LS, Nguyen DGC, Tran TVT, Vu Ho XA, Tran TM, Nguyen MN, Nguyen VT, Le TT, Nguyen THC, Nguyen CC, Le QV. Rich d-Fructose-Containing Polysaccharide Isolated from Myxopyrum smilacifolium Roots toward a Superior Antioxidant Biomaterial. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47923-47932. [PMID: 36591194 PMCID: PMC9798761 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The presented study attempts to unveil and evaluate the antioxidant activity of a novel heteropolysaccharide separated from the roots of Myxopyrum smilacifolium (denoted as PS-MSR). The molecular weight of PS-MSR is found to be 1.88 × 104 Da and contains two principal sugars, which are d-glucose and d-fructose, in the backbone. Decoding the structure of the obtained PS-MSR sample has disclosed a novel polysaccharide for the first time. Indeed, the PS-MSR is composed of (1 → 3)-linked glucosyl units and (2 → 3)-linked fructosyl units. In addition, the 1D and 2D NMR spectra of the PS-MSR sample display the repeating unit of the isolated polysaccharide, [→3)-α-d-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-d-Frucf-(2 → 3)-β-d-Frucf-2 → 3)-)-β-d-Frucf-β-(2→] n . Interestingly, the PS-MSR sample exhibits outstanding antioxidant activity, signifying the potential utilization of the explored polysaccharide for antioxidant-based material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Hieu Le
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Lam Son Le
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | | | - Thi Van Thi Tran
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Anh Vu Ho
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Minh Tran
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Nhung Nguyen
- Department
of Science and Technology of Thua Thien Hue, Technical Center for Quality Measurement Standards, Hue City530000, Vietnam
| | - Viet Thang Nguyen
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Trang Le
- Hue
University of Sciences, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Hue530000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hong Chuong Nguyen
- Institute
of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang550000, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang550000, Vietnam
| | - Chinh Chien Nguyen
- Institute
of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang550000, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang550000, Vietnam
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute
of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul02841, Republic
of Korea
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20
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Chen Z, Luo J, Jia M, Chai Y, Bao Y. Polygonatum sibiricum saponin Exerts Beneficial Hypoglycemic Effects in Type 2 Diabetes Mice by Improving Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Glycogen Synthesis-Related Proteins. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245222. [PMID: 36558381 PMCID: PMC9786127 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. Recently, it has become a significant threat to public health. Polygonatum sibiricum saponin (PSS) has potential hypoglycemic effects, but its specific mechanism needs further study. In this study, PSS significantly decreased the level of blood glucose, water intake, and the organ index in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, PSS effectively reduced the content of total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the blood, and increased the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). This suggests that PSS could reduce the content of blood lipids and initially improve the damage of hepatocytes. We found that PSS alleviated hepatic insulin resistance, repaired islet beta cells, and enabled insulin to play its biological role normally. It also improved oral glucose tolerance and abated serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in T2DM mice. Furthermore, studies have found that PSS increased the content of phosphorylated protein kinase B (AKT), thereby promoting the effect of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), and activating glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3β) and glycogen synthase (GS) proteins to promote hepatic glycogen synthesis. Finally, we found that PSS could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, reduce the growth of harmful bacteria such as Enterococcus and Enterobacter, and preliminarily improve the composition of important bacteria in the intestine. These studies indicate that PSS has an excellent hypoglycemic effect, which provides a potential new treatment for T2DM and guidance for more in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefu Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mingjie Jia
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (Y.B.)
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21
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Jia S, Li J, Yu B, Li M, Cui B. Improvement of myocardial injury and gut microbiota disturbance in type 2 diabetic mice by inulin with various degrees of polymerization. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Gan L, Wang J, Guo Y. Polysaccharides influence human health via microbiota-dependent and -independent pathways. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1030063. [PMID: 36438731 PMCID: PMC9682087 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the most diverse molecules and can be extracted from abundant edible materials. Increasing research has been conducted to clarify the structure and composition of polysaccharides obtained from different materials and their effects on human health. Humans can only directly assimilate very limited polysaccharides, most of which are conveyed to the distal gut and fermented by intestinal microbiota. Therefore, the main mechanism underlying the bioactive effects of polysaccharides on human health involves the interaction between polysaccharides and microbiota. Recently, interest in the role of polysaccharides in gut health, obesity, and related disorders has increased due to the wide range of valuable biological activities of polysaccharides. The known roles include mechanisms that are microbiota-dependent and involve microbiota-derived metabolites and mechanisms that are microbiota-independent. In this review, we discuss the role of polysaccharides in gut health and metabolic diseases and the underlying mechanisms. The findings in this review provide information on functional polysaccharides in edible materials and facilitate dietary recommendations for people with health issues. To uncover the effects of polysaccharides on human health, more clinical trials should be conducted to confirm the therapeutic effects on gut and metabolic disease. Greater attention should be directed toward polysaccharide extraction from by-products or metabolites derived from food processing that are unsuitable for direct consumption, rather than extracting them from edible materials. In this review, we advanced the understanding of the structure and composition of polysaccharides, the mutualistic role of gut microbes, the metabolites from microbiota-fermenting polysaccharides, and the subsequent outcomes in human health and disease. The findings provide insight into the proper application of polysaccharides in improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Gan
- School of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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23
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Zhang J, Wang W, Guo D, Bai B, Bo T, Fan S. Antidiabetic Effect of Millet Bran Polysaccharides Partially Mediated via Changes in Gut Microbiome. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213406. [PMID: 36360018 PMCID: PMC9654906 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease associated with changes in the intestinal flora. In this study, the regulatory effect of millet bran on intestinal microbiota in a model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was investigated in an effort to develop new approaches to prevent and treat diabetes and its complications in patients. The effect of purified millet bran polysaccharide (MBP) with three different intragastric doses (400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg) combined with a high-fat diet was determined in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of T2DM. By analyzing the changes in indicators, weight, fasting blood sugar, and other bio-physiological parameters, the changes in gut microbiota were analyzed via high-throughput sequencing to establish the effect of MBP on the intestinal flora. The results showed that MBP alleviated symptoms of high-fat diet-induced T2DM. A high dosage of MBP enhanced the hypoglycemic effects compared with low and medium dosages. During gavage, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of rats in the MBP group were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The glucose tolerance of rats in the MBP group was significantly improved (p < 0.05). In diabetic mice, MBP significantly increased the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px. The inflammatory symptoms of liver cells and islet cells in the MBP group were alleviated, and the anti-inflammatory effect was partially correlated with the dose of MBP. After 4 weeks of treatment with MBP, the indices of blood lipid in the MBP group were significantly improved compared with those of the DM group (p < 0.05). Treatment with MBP (400 mg/kg) increases the levels of beneficial bacteria and decreases harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract of rats, thus altering the intestinal microbial community and antidiabetic effect on mice with T2DM by modulating gut microbiota. The findings suggest that MBP is a potential pharmaceutical supplement for preventing and treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Baoqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Bo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Sanhong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence:
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24
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Jiang W, Hu Y, Zhu Z. Structural characteristics of polysaccharide from Zingiber striolatum and its effects on gut microbiota composition in obese mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1012030. [PMID: 36386925 PMCID: PMC9643871 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1012030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate a polysaccharide from Zingiber striolatum favorably modulates gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet. Z. striolatum was utilized to extract the crude polysaccharide CZSP, which was subsequently refined using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-150 to yield the novel polysaccharide Zingiber strioatum pure polysaccharide-1 (ZSPP-1). ZSPP-1 was an acidic heteroglycan made up of galactose, mannose, glucose, xylose, arabinose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid with an average molecular weight of 1.57 × 106 Da. The structure of ZSPP-1 was investigated by FT-IR, methylation and NMR analysis, and the results denoted that the linkage structure types include T-Manp-linked, β-Xylp-(1,2)-linked, β-Galp-(1,4)-linked, α-GlcpA-(1,6)-linked, β-Arap-(1,4)-linked, α-Glcp-(1,3,4,6)-linked, α-Glcp-(1,2)-linked, and β-T-Xylp-linked, in which β-Galp-(1,4)-linked and α-GalpA-(1,4)-linked might be the main linkage. The results of the intervention experiments showed that ZSPP-1 changed the intestinal flora structure of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obese mice, and promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides in the intestine. It also restored the imbalanced flora structure due to high-fat diet to normal. It also restored the imbalanced flora structure due to high-fat diet to normal. Z. striolatum polysaccharides presented a considerable advantage in alleviating high-fat diet induced obesity, which indicates that it can be further exploited as a natural functional food resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Department of Health Management, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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25
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Extraction, purification and structural characterization of polysaccharides from Apocynum venetum L. roots with anti-inflammatory activity. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Liu D, Wang SY, Wang GN, Zheng LH, Sun Y, Liu L, Bao YL. Structural characterization and immunoregulatory activity of a neutral polysaccharide from the roots of Apocynum venetum L. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:90-100. [PMID: 36165870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of neutral heteropolysaccharide (AVRP-N) separated from the roots of Apocynum venetum L. were extensively investigated. The results showed that the weight average molecular mass (Mw) of AVRP-N was 6.430 × 103 Da. Moreover, the backbone is composed of natural acetylated (1 → 4)-β-D-Man and (1 → 5)-α-L-Ara domains. The mannan is composed of →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the terminal group α-D-Galp-(1→ attached to →4,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ at O-6. Araban is composed of →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→; the terminal group α-L-Araf-(1→attached to→2,3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ at O-2, O-3 and →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ at O-3. In addition, the senior structure shows that AVRP-N has a triple-helix conformation. Furthermore, AVRP-N exhibited immunomodulatory effects, which could significantly regulate the proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes by enhancing the secretion of the cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10). Our results provide new structural and immunoregulatory information for natural polysaccharides derived from Apocynum venetum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Guan-Nan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Li-Hua Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yong-Li Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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28
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He X, Li W, Chen Y, Lei L, Li F, Zhao J, Zeng K, Ming J. Dietary fiber of Tartary buckwheat bran modified by steam explosion alleviates hyperglycemia and modulates gut microbiota in db/db mice. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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29
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Yang ML, Lu C, Fan ZF, Zhao TR, Cheng GG, Wang YD, Cao JX, Liu YP. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Epigynum auritum in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:114986. [PMID: 35032587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Epigynum auritum is mainly distributed in Southwest China, and has been used as a "dai" folk medicine with promising Besides, the leaves and barks of E. auritum have detoxifying, analgesic and relieving swelling effects. Previous studies evidenced that E. auritum was rich in pregnanes and their glycosides. However, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the extract from E. auritum (EAE) and its molecular mechanism are still not studied. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of EAE on high-fat diet and streptozocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The high-fat diet and streptozocin induced type 2 diabetic model was established. The diabetic rats were treated with 70% ethanol extract of E. auritum (100 and 300 mg/kg/d) or metformin (DMBG, 100 mg/kg/d) every day for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose was recorded weekly. The phenotypic changes were evaluated by the measurement of biochemical indexes and immunohistochemical. The expressions of signaling-related proteins were explored by western blotting. RESULTS EAE could effectively regulate the metabolism of glucose and lipids in diabetic rats by increasing insulin sensitivity. In addition, EAE ameliorated the oxidative stress damage and further mitigated the liver, kidney, and pancreatic damage. Mechanism research results show that EAE treatment increased the phosphorylation of Akt, AMPK and GSK-3β, up-regulated the expression of GLUT-2, GLUT-4 and PPAR-α, and reduced PPAR-γ and FAS expressions. CONCLUSION EAE exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in HFD/STZ-induced diabetes rats. The mechanism may be related to the effective upregulation of AMPK/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and the decreased expression of PPAR-γ and FAS. It could be a promising natural product with potential value for the development of drugs to prevent or treat type 2 diabetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lian Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Teco, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Feng Fan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Rui Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Guang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Dan Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Xin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Wang X, Xiu W, Han Y, Xie J, Zhang K, Zhou K, Ma Y. Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from sweet corncob that inhibits glycosylase in STZ-induced diabetic rats : Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:413-427. [PMID: 35386020 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we extracted a polysaccharide from sweet corncob and evaluated its hypoglycemic function. After collection in water, alcohol precipitation, and purification by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns, we obtained a polysaccharide (SCP50) that was composed primarily of mannose and glucose (9.73:190.27), with a molecular weight of 9280.33 Da. We demonstrated that SCP50 exhibited significant inhibition of α-glucosidase activity, with an IC50 of 4.866 mg/mL, Km of 1.297 × 10-3, and Vmax of 0.076 mol/L·min-1 in vitro. We also observed that SCP50 markedly attenuated disaccharidase (maltase, sucrase, and lactase) activity in a rat model of T2DM. We conclude that SCP50 exerts a hypoglycemic effect via inhibition of intestinal glycosylase. These results thus provide new insight into the hypoglycemic action underlying sweet corncob polysaccharide's effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereal and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China.
| | - Weiye Xiu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereal and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Ye Han
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereal and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Jingnan Xie
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereal and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Kechi Zhou
- Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161000, China
| | - Yongqiang Ma
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cereal and Comprehensive Processing of Cereal Resources, School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China.
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31
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Chen X, Wang C, Wang C, Liu C, Yuan Y, Wang B, Wu G, Han Y, Zhao Y, Wu Z, Li X. The emulsification properties of alkaline-extracted polysaccharide conjugates from Apocynum venetum L. tea residues. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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32
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Fu HM, Yin CL, Shen ZY, Yang MH. Flavonoids from the leaves of Apocynum venetum and their anti-inflammatory activity. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211073871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the EtOAc-soluble extract of the leaves of Apocynum venetum allowed the isolation of seven flavonoids including a new compound named 4′-hydroxy-7- O-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-3-methoxy-6-prenylflavone (1) and six known compounds (2–7). The structures of these compounds are elucidated by spectroscopic and physico-chemical analyses. All the isolates are evaluated for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by measuring their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α production in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse peritoneal macrophages (RAW 264.7). Among them, 5 exhibits significant inhibitory activity toward nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-α production with IC50 values of 9.0 ± 0.7 and 42.1 ± 0.8 μM, respectively. In addition, 1 also shows moderate inhibitory activity toward nitric oxide production with an IC50 value of 17.2 ± 0.9 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Min Fu
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Ling Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Shen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Oncology Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Yang
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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33
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Zhang H, Jiang F, Zhang J, Wang W, Li L, Yan J. Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:169-192. [PMID: 35122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbohydrate polymers containing non-starch polysaccharides (NPs) are a class of biomacromolecules isolated from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms, and their biological activities has shown potential uses in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Importantly, NPs serve as prebiotics to provide health benefits to the host through stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The composition and diversity of GM play a critical role in regulating host health and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of NPs derived from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms are outlined. Importantly, the degradation and metabolism of these NPs in the intestinal tract, the effects of NPs on the microbial community and SCFAs generation, and the beneficial effects of NPs on host health by modulating GM are systematically highlighted. Overall, we hope that this review can provide some theoretical references and a new perspective for applications of NPs as prebiotics in functional food and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Zhao X, Fu Z, Yao M, Cao Y, Zhu T, Mao R, Huang M, Pang Y, Meng X, Li L, Zhang B, Li Y, Zhang H. Mulberry ( Morus alba L.) leaf polysaccharide ameliorates insulin resistance- and adipose deposition-associated gut microbiota and lipid metabolites in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:617-630. [PMID: 35154697 PMCID: PMC8825736 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplements are currently being used to ameliorate metabolic alterations via maintaining gut microflora balance. Mulberry leaf is known as medicine homologous food for its glucose- and lipid-modulating properties. However, the effects of mulberry leaf polysaccharide (MP) on metabolic dysbiosis and gut microbiota are still poorly understood. After extraction and characterization, the beneficial effects of water-soluble MP were evaluated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. MP treatment could reduce adipose tissue, improve insulin resistance, and alleviate the pathological lesions in colon. Investigation of the underlying mechanism showed that MP modulated gut microbial community by 16S rRNA analysis and reversed the elevation of lipid indexes by plasma lipidomics analysis. Correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of seven key bacterial species and six lipids were closely associated with the metabolic traits, respectively. Overall, MP could ameliorate metabolic disorders, and modify the gut microbiota and lipids. This would greatly facilitate the utilization of MP as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Zhifei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Minghe Yao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Rui Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Ming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yafen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Xianghui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yuhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
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35
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Liu S, Yin X, Hou C, Liu X, Ma H, Zhang X, Xu M, Xie Y, Li Y, Wang J. As a Staple Food Substitute, Oat and Buckwheat Compound Has Health-Promoting Effects for Diabetic Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 8:762277. [PMID: 35004803 PMCID: PMC8740054 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.762277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention is crucial for the prevention and control of diabetes. China has the largest diabetic population in the world, yet no one dietary strategy matches the eating habits of the Chinese people. To explore an effective and acceptable dietary pattern, this study uses oat and buckwheat compound (OBC) as a staple food substitute and explored its effects on diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats. The model of diabetic rats was established by combining high-calorie feed and streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The dietary intervention for the seven groups, including a normal control group, a model control group, a metformin control group, a wheat flour control group, and three OBC groups with different doses, started from the beginning of the experiment and lasted for 11 weeks, two consecutive injections of STZ in small doses were operated at the 6th week. General states, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism indexes were measured. Antioxidant and inflammatory indexes and pathologic changes of kidney and liver tissues were tested. Changes in kidney and ileum ultramicrostructure were detected. What's more, ileal epithelial tight junction proteins and gut microbiota were analyzed. Significant decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and insulin resistance were observed in rats intervened with OBC, and these rats also showed a higher level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) together with improved lipid metabolism, attenuated inflammation, and liver and kidney injuries. In addition, in OBC groups, the intestinal barrier was improved, and the disturbance of gut microbiota was reduced. These results suggest that OBC has health-promoting effects for diabetic rats, and since oat and buckwheat are traditionally consumed grains in China, OBC could be a potential and easy-to-accept staple food substitute for the dietary pattern for Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqian Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Lin YR, Guan QY, Li LY, Tang ZM, Zhang Q, Zhao XH. In Vitro Immuno-Modulatory Potentials of Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea L.) Polysaccharides with a Chemical Selenylation. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010014. [PMID: 35010140 PMCID: PMC8750528 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The soluble polysaccharides from a non-conventional and edible plant purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), namely PSPO, were prepared by the water extraction and ethanol precipitation methods in this study. The obtained PSPO were selenylated using the Na2SeO3-HNO3 method to successfully prepare two selenylated products, namely SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2, with different selenylation extents. The assay results confirmed that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had respective Se contents of 753.8 and 1325.1 mg/kg, while PSPO only contained Se element about 80.6 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 had higher immune modulation than PSPO (p < 0.05), when using the two immune cells (murine splenocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages) as two cell models. Specifically, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more active than PSPO in the macrophages, resulting in higher cell proliferation, greater macrophage phagocytosis, and higher secretion of the immune-related three cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. Meanwhile, SePSPO-1 and SePSPO-2 were more potent than PSPO in the concanavalin A- or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated splenocytes in cell proliferation, or more able than PSPO in the splenocytes to promote interferon-γ secretion but suppress IL-4 secretion, or more capable of enhancing the ratio of T-helper (CD4+) cells to T-cytotoxic (CD8+) cells for the T lymphocytes than PSPO. Overall, the higher selenylation extent of the selenylated PSPO mostly caused higher immune modulation in the model cells, while a higher polysaccharide dose consistently led to the greater regulation effect. Thus, it is concluded that the employed chemical selenylation could be used in the chemical modification of purslane or other plant polysaccharides, when aiming to endow the polysaccharides with higher immuno-modulatory effect on the two immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Lin
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qing-Yun Guan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ling-Yu Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhi-Mei Tang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China; (Y.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.G.); (L.-Y.L.); (Z.-M.T.); (Q.Z.)
- Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
- Correspondence:
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Natural Ingredients from Medicine Food Homology as Chemopreventive Reagents against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Modulating Gut Microbiota Homoeostasis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226934. [PMID: 34834027 PMCID: PMC8625827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a noteworthy worldwide public health problem. It represents a complex metabolic disorder, mainly characterized as hyperglycemia and lipid dysfunction. The gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of medicine food homology (MFH) and functional food herbs (FF) to ameliorate diabetes and lead to a natural and healthy life. Hence, this review compiles some reports and findings to demonstrate that the practical use of the MFH/FF can modulate the homoeostasis of gut microbiota, thereby ameliorating the development of T2DM. The results provided useful data to support further investigation of the functional basis and application of MFH/FF to treat T2DM through maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
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38
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Chai Y, Luo J, Bao Y. Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum saponin on hyperglycemia, gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetes mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112155. [PMID: 34517283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global disease that endangers human health. As reported, saponins are effective bioactive compounds for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and have nontoxic side effects. This study aimed to examine the hypoglycemic effects of Polygonatum sibiricum saponin (PSS) on T2DM mice. We found that PSS could significantly decrease the levels of insulin secretion and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in T2DM mice. And the level of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood was decreased. In contrast, the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota of T2DM mice, and metabolites were analyzed by metabolomic profiling. The results showed that PSS could decrease the abundance of Firmicutes in T2DM mice, increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes. It also increased the abundance of some bacterial genera (Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Intestinimonas). The phenotypes of the gut microbiome also changed accordingly. Metabolomics analysis showed that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolisms, such as L-alanine and L-glutamic acid, were greatly affected by PSS. In addition, the levels of inositol and chlorogenic acid in metabolites also increased significantly under PSS intervention. In general, PSS could exert its hypoglycemic effect, regulate the gut microbiota and affect the metabolism of T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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39
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Liu N, Chen X, Song J, Chen M, Gong P, Jia W, Li G. Hypoglycemic effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides on high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice using metabolomics analysis. Food Funct 2021; 12:9994-10007. [PMID: 34505615 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02022f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAPs) on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice using metabolomic analysis. The results of fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, fasting serum insulin level, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and histopathological observation demonstrated that 200 mg per kg body weight per day AAP led to significant hypoglycemic activities. The metabolic profile of the mice was significantly changed after AAP intervention. 45 differential metabolites were screened as biomarkers for AAP adjuvant treatment, and AAPs' effects on the metabolism of amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, bile acids, and glycerophospholipids were analyzed. Thus, the current results elucidated the metabolic pathway of AAPs for T2DM alleviation and provided guidance for functional food adjuvant development for T2DM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China. .,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan 714000, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Juanna Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Mengyin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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40
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HE D, HAN H, FU X, LIU A, ZHAN Y, QIU H, MA L, ZHANG X, WANG X. Metformin reduces blood glucose in treatment-naive type 2 diabetes by altering the gut microbiome. Can J Diabetes 2021; 46:150-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Jung YH, Ryu JS, Yoon CH, Kim MK. Age-Dependent Distinct Distributions of Dendritic Cells in Autoimmune Dry Eye Murine Model. Cells 2021; 10:1857. [PMID: 34440626 PMCID: PMC8392312 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether aging-dependent changes in dendritic cell (DC) distributions are distinct in autoimmune dry eye compared with an aging-related murine model. Corneal staining and tear secretion were evaluated in young and aged C57BL/6 (B6) and NOD.B10.H2b mice (NOD). In the corneolimbus, lacrimal gland (LG), and mesenteric lymph node (MLN), CD11b- and CD11b+ DCs, CD103+ DCs and MHC-IIhi B cells were compared between young and aged B6 and NOD mice. With increased corneal staining, tear secretion decreased in both aged B6 and NOD mice (p < 0.001). In both aged B6 and NOD mice, the percentages of corneolimbal CD11b+ DCs were higher (p < 0.05) than those in young mice. While, the percentages of lymph nodal CD103+ DCs were higher in aged B6 and NOD mice (p < 0.05), the percentages of corneolimbal CD103+ DCs were only higher in aged NOD mice (p < 0.05). In aged NOD mice, the proportions of lacrimal glandial and lymph nodal MHC-IIhi B cells were also higher than those in young mice (p < 0.05). It indicates that corneolimbal or lacrimal glandial distribution of CD103+ DCs or MHC-IIhi B cells may be distinct in aged autoimmune dry eye models compared to those in aged immune competent murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-H.J.); (C.-H.Y.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Jin-Suk Ryu
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Chang-Ho Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-H.J.); (C.-H.Y.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Mee-Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.-H.J.); (C.-H.Y.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
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42
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Li M, Huang X, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Luo K. Structure of
Cardamine hupingshanensis
No. 2 Polysaccharide (CHP‐2) and Its Effect on Streptozotocin‐induced Diabetic Rats. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meidong Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000 China
| | - Xiufang Huang
- College of Biological Science and Technology Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000 China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000 China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Technology Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000 China
| | - Kai Luo
- College of Biological Science and Technology Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000 China
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43
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Nakamura S, Kuda T, Midorikawa Y, Takamiya D, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Detection and isolation of β-conglycinin-susceptible gut indigenous bacteria from ICR mice fed high-sucrose diet. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Yang Z, Xu M, Li Q, Wang T, Zhang B, Zhao H, Fu J. The beneficial effects of polysaccharide obtained from persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) on the proliferation of Lactobacillus and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1874-1882. [PMID: 34058211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of polysaccharide extracts from persimmon (PPE) on the proliferation of Lactobacillus and the gut microbiota of mice. Lactobacillus strains were cultured in medium containing PPE, and differential gene expression was evaluated using transcriptomics. In addition, 16S rDNA was employed to analyze the abundance and diversity of fecal colonies in mice, and the influence of PPE on the intestinal flora in mice was further examined. The results showed that Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Lactobacillus acidophilus CICC 6075 could proliferate in PPE medium. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that glucose metabolism-related genes, such as phosphoyruvate hydratase (eno) and PTS mannose transporter subunit IIAB (manX), were up-regulated. The metabolic pathways of fructose and mannose were also significantly up-regulated. After gavage of mice with PPE, 16S rDNA sequencing of mouse feces indicated that the beneficial bacteria in the intestines proliferated and the abundance of harmful bacteria was reduced. PPE can maintain the balance of intestinal microorganisms in mice. Therefore, PPE has a significant positive effect on both Lactobacillus proliferation and gut microbiota of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Yang
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengfan Xu
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongfei Zhao
- College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianmin Fu
- Non-timber Forest R&D Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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45
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Dupuit M, Chavanelle V, Chassaing B, Perriere F, Etienne M, Plissonneau C, Boscaro A, Barnich N, Pialoux V, Maugard T, Le Joubioux F, Peltier S, Sirvent P, Otero YF, Boisseau N. The TOTUM-63 Supplement and High-Intensity Interval Training Combination Limits Weight Gain, Improves Glycemic Control, and Influences the Composition of Gut Mucosa-Associated Bacteria in Rats on a High Fat Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051569. [PMID: 34066988 PMCID: PMC8151333 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and prediabetes are the two strongest risk factors of type 2 diabetes. It has been reported that TOTUM-63, a polyphenol-rich plant extract, has beneficial effects on body weight (BW) and insulin resistance in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). The study aim was to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and/or TOTUM-63 supplementation improved body composition and glycemic control and gut microbiota composition in a Western diet-induced obesity rat model. Wistar rats received a standard diet (CTRL; control; n = 12) or HFD (HFD; n = 48) for 16 weeks. Then, HFD rats were divided in four groups: HFD, HFD + TOTUM-63 (T63), HFD + HIIT (HIIT), and HFD + HIIT +T63 (HIIT + T63). Training was performed 4 days/week for 12 weeks. TOTUM-63 was included in diet composition (2%). The HIIT + T63 combination significantly limited BW gain, without any energy intake modulation, and improved glycemic control. BW variation was correlated with increased α-diversity of the colon mucosa microbiota in the HIIT + T63 group. Moreover, the relative abundance of Anaeroplasma, Christensenellaceae and Oscillospira was higher in the HIIT + T63 group. Altogether, these results suggest that the HIIT and TOTUM-63 combination could be proposed for the management of obesity and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Dupuit
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (M.E.); (C.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Vivien Chavanelle
- Valbiotis R&D, Riom Center, 63200 Riom, France; (V.C.); (P.S.); (Y.F.O.)
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Inserm U1016, Team “Mucosal Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases”, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Fanny Perriere
- Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Monique Etienne
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (M.E.); (C.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Claire Plissonneau
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (M.E.); (C.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Audrey Boscaro
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (M.E.); (C.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), UMR 1071 Inserm, USC-INRAE 2018, Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de la Biologie et de la Motricité (LIBM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EA 7424, 69266 Villeurbane, France;
| | - Thierry Maugard
- UMR 7266 CNRS-ULR, LIENSs, Equipe BCBS, La Rochelle Université, 17042 La Rochelle, France;
| | - Florian Le Joubioux
- Valbiotis R&D, La Rochelle Center, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (F.L.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Sébastien Peltier
- Valbiotis R&D, La Rochelle Center, 17000 La Rochelle, France; (F.L.J.); (S.P.)
| | - Pascal Sirvent
- Valbiotis R&D, Riom Center, 63200 Riom, France; (V.C.); (P.S.); (Y.F.O.)
| | - Yolanda F. Otero
- Valbiotis R&D, Riom Center, 63200 Riom, France; (V.C.); (P.S.); (Y.F.O.)
| | - Nathalie Boisseau
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l’Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (M.E.); (C.P.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-73-40-55-19
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Nakamura S, Kuda T, Midorikawa Y, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Typical gut indigenous bacteria in ICR mice fed a soy protein-based normal or low-protein diet. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:295-300. [PMID: 33997796 PMCID: PMC8102713 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For patients with inflammatory bowel disease, cow’s milk allergy, and lactose intolerance, soymilk is a potential alternative to cow’s milk. In this study, we aimed to identify the effects of a soy protein-based low-protein diet on the body and organ weights and the gut microbiome of six-week-old mice fed a diet containing 20% (SP) or 5% (LP) soy protein for 14 days via 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. Body weight gain (growth) and liver, spleen, and fat tissue weight were significantly suppressed by the LP diet. Operational taxonomic unit numbers and α-diversity were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. A principal coordinate analysis revealed differences in the gut microbiome compositions of SP and LP mice. The abundances of caecal Roseburia sp., Alistipes sp., and bacteria from the family Muribaculaceae were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. In contrast, the abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae, which is positively correlated with inflammation, was higher in the LP group than in the SP group. These results differed from the effects of a milk casein-based low-protein diet (reported previously). Based on these findings, we conclude that the undesirable effects of a low-protein diet and/or protein deficiency are related to changes in the gut microbiome composition and may differ depending on the kind of proteins used. Six-week-old ICR mice were fed a diet containing 20% (SP) or 5% (LP) soy protein for 14 days. Body weight gain and liver, spleen, and fat tissue weight were significantly suppressed by the LP diet. Caecal Roseburia sp., Alistipes sp., and bacteria from the family Muribaculaceae was lower in the LP. Desulfovibrionaceae, which is positively correlated with inflammation, was higher in the LP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yuko Midorikawa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Bon Kimura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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Wu T, Shen M, Yu Q, Chen Y, Chen X, Yang J, Huang L, Guo X, Xie J. Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide improves metabolic function of gut microbiota by regulating short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota composition. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110119. [PMID: 33641986 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (CP) on gut microbiota composition and predict metabolic function in healthy mice. Healthy Kunming mice were continuously gavaged with CP for 20 days, and mouse feces were collected for analysis. The results showed that CP could remarkably increase the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs; acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid) in the feces of healthy mice in a dose-dependent matter. 16S rRNA showed that 200 mg/kg body weight CP was effective in increasing diversity of the gut microbiota in healthy mice and affected the relative abundance of specific bacteria. Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiales, and Clostridia were identified as the phenotypic biomarkers of the CP-H group compared with the normal control group. In addition, PICRUSt2 showed that starch and sucrose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism are the primary enriched phenotypic KEGG pathways in the CP-H group. These findings suggested that early CP intervention could enhance the metabolic function of gut microbiota by increasing the release of SCFAs and altering the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xianxiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaomei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Cao M, Li Y, Famurewa AC, Olatunji OJ. Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2121-2131. [PMID: 34012278 PMCID: PMC8126874 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s302748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephropathy is a frontline complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) associated with impaired redox-inflammatory networks. The study investigated the antidiabetic and nephroprotective potentials of PCR against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. METHODS DN was induced in rats using a combination of a high fructose solution for 4 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with PCR (100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters as well as renal oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, Western blot and histopathological analyses were evaluated. RESULTS There were significant increases in fasting blood glucose, urinary albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) levels in diabetic rats compared to the non-diabetic control rats. DM-induced DN prominently depressed renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, whereas renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level was markedly increased. Furthermore, renal inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β, were considerably elevated compared to non-diabetic control rats. Additionally, DN rats showed a significant increase in renal fibrosis, as evidenced by increased expression of TGF-β1, collagen-1, fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidneys. Histopathological lesions were consistent with tubule thickening and glomerular hypertrophy. Conversely, PCR treatment exerted significant attenuation of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and renal oxidative stress indicators. The increased renal levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were also notably reversed dose-dependently with alleviation of nephropathic histology. Furthermore, PCR reduced the expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen-1 and TGF-β1 in the renal tissues. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PCR displayed antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects against DN by impeding oxidative stress and inflammation. As such, PCR has potentials as a food supplement for alleviating renal dysfunction caused by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Correspondence: Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand Email
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Effect of Added Dietary Betaine and Soluble Fiber on Metabolites and Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Early Renal Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090370. [PMID: 32942543 PMCID: PMC7570292 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal diets are recommended for dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study examined the effects of foods with added betaine and fiber on the plasma and fecal metabolome and fecal microbiome in dogs with early stage CKD. At baseline, several metabolites differed between healthy dogs and those with CKD. Dogs with CKD (n = 28) received a control food, low soluble fiber plus betaine food (0.5% betaine, 0.39% oat beta-glucan, and 0.27% short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS)), or high soluble fiber plus betaine food (0.5% betaine, 0.59% oat beta-glucan, and 0.41% scFOS) each for 10 weeks in different sequences. Consumption of test foods led to several favorable, significant changes in the plasma metabolome, including decreases of several uremic toxins and other deleterious metabolites, and increases in favorable metabolites compared with the control food. Only 7 fecal metabolites significantly changed with consumption of the test foods compared with the control food, largely increases in polyphenols and lignans. Few changes were seen in the fecal microbiome, though some taxa that significantly changed in response to the test foods have beneficial effects on health, with some negatively correlating with uremic toxins. Overall, foods with added betaine and soluble fiber showed positive effects on the plasma and fecal metabolomes.
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