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Liu P, Tan JXY. Late Positive Potential Elicited by Monetary Reward Feedback Predicts Changes of Disordered Eating From Age 11 to Age 12 in Community-Dwelling Girls. Int J Eat Disord 2024. [PMID: 39004895 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early adolescence is marked by elevated psychopathology, including disrupted eating attitudes and behaviors. Reward processing is an identified mechanism in portending eating pathology, that is, aberrant reward responsivity may contribute to disrupted reward-seeking behaviors (e.g., food consuming). This literature has focused on adults or mid-to-late adolescents, with little work done on early adolescence. We examined the linkages between reward feedback processing, indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs), and changes of emerging disordered eating in community-dwelling early adolescents. METHOD At T1, 115 youths (66 girls, mean/SD age = 11.00/1.16 years) completed an EEG monetary reward Doors task. Youths completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire Short at T1 and ~6 months (T2) and ~12 months (T3) after T1. In the ERP data, we isolated a reward positivity (RewP) and a late positive potential (LPP) via principal component analysis. We applied multilevel modeling to examine whether baseline ERPs interacted with Time in predicting disordered eating and whether these interactions varied by sex. RESULTS We found a significant Time × LPP interaction in girls but not boys. Among girls, only those with a smaller LPP toward the losses (versus wins), which might reflect suboptimal evaluation and regulatory processes in undesired situations, showed increases in disordered eating from T1 to T3. DISCUSSION We provided preliminary yet novel evidence concerning the prospective associations between reward processing and changes of disordered eating in early adolescents. Future studies along this line will be critical for understanding the early mechanisms of eating pathology, identifying youths at risk, and developing prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jaron X Y Tan
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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Brand J, Yeum D, Stewart T, Emond JA, Gilbert-Diamond D. The associations between attentional bias to food cues, parent-report appetitive traits, and concurrent adiposity among adolescents. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101874. [PMID: 38636439 PMCID: PMC11144077 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether attentional bias to food cues and appetitive traits are independently and interactively associated with adiposity in adolescents. METHOD Eighty-five adolescents, 14-17-years had their attentional bias to food images measured in a sated state by computing eye tracking measures of attention (first fixation duration, cumulative fixation duration) to food and control distractor images that bordered a computer game. Parents reported adolescent appetitive traits including the food approach domains of enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, and the food avoidance domains of satiety responsiveness and emotional overeating through the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. RESULTS First fixation bias to food cues was positively associated with enjoyment of food, and negatively associated with satiety responsiveness. In a series of regression models adjusted for relevant covariates, first fixation bias to food cues (β = 0.83, p = 0.007), higher food responsiveness (β = 0.74, p < 0.001), higher emotional overeating (β = 0.51, p = 0.002), and a composite appetite score (β = 1.42, p < 0.001) were each significantly associated with greater BMI z-scores. In models assessing the interactive effects between attentional bias and appetitive traits, higher first fixation bias to food cues interacted synergistically with food responsiveness and emotional overeating in relation to BMI z-score. A synergistic interaction between first fixation bias to food cues and the composite appetite score in relation to BMI z-score was also observed. CONCLUSION Individuals with high attentional bias to food cues and obesogenic appetitive traits may be particularly susceptible to weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Brand
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, United States.
| | - Dabin Yeum
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Tessa Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Jennifer A Emond
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
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Preston TJ, Cougle JR, Schmidt NB, Macatee RJ. Decomposing the late positive potential to cannabis cues in regular cannabis users: A temporal-spatial principal component analysis. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14471. [PMID: 37937737 PMCID: PMC11008592 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is increasing in the United States, yet, specific neural mechanisms of CUD are not well understood. Disordered substance use is characterized by heightened drug cue incentive salience, which can be measured using the late positive potential (LPP), an event-related potential (ERP) evoked by motivationally significant stimuli. The drug cue LPP is typically quantified by averaging the slow wave's scalp-recorded amplitude across its entire time course, which may obscure distinct underlying factors with differential predictive validity; however, no study to date has examined this possibility. In a sample of 105 cannabis users, temporo-spatial Principal Component Analysis was used to decompose cannabis cue modulation of the LPP into its underlying factors. Acute stress was also inducted to allow for identification of specific cannabis LPP factors sensitive to stress. Factor associations with CUD severity were also explored. Eight factors showed significantly increased amplitudes to cannabis images relative to neutral images. These factors spanned early (~372 ms), middle (~824 ms), and late (>1000 ms) windows across frontal, central, and parietal-occipital sites. CUD phenotype individual differences were primarily associated with frontal, middle/late latency factor amplitudes. Acute stress effects were limited to one early central and one late frontal factor. Taken together, results suggest that the cannabis LPP can be decomposed into distinct, temporal-spatial factors with differential responsivity to acute stress and CUD phenotype variability. Future individual difference studies examining drug cue modulation of the LPP should consider (1) frontalcentral poolings in addition to conventional central-parietal sites, and (2) later LPP time windows.
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Stonawski V, Mai-Lippold SA, Graap H, Moll GH, Kratz O, Van Doren J, Horndasch S. Processing of food stimuli in anorexia nervosa: An ERP-study comparing adolescents and adults. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2024; 32:281-297. [PMID: 37850962 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with altered processing of disorder-relevant stimuli. Event-related potentials (ERP) - such as the Late Positive Potential (LPP) - give information about the underlying mechanisms of central nervous stimulus processing. METHODS Patients with AN (22 adolescents, 23 adults) and healthy controls (HCs; 17 adolescents, 24 adults) were included. Neutral, low, and high calorie food-images were rated for valence and arousal; EEG activity was recorded and LPPs (early: 350-700 ms; late: 800-1200 ms) were extracted. Effects of patient status, age group, and stimulus category were analyzed via mixed 2 × 2 × 3-AN(C)OVAs. RESULTS Patients with AN rated high calorie stimuli lower in valence and higher in arousal than HCs. Controlling for hunger, food stimuli elicited higher early LPPs than neutral ones in patients and HCs. For the late LPP, patients with AN showed larger amplitudes. CONCLUSION Results suggest a highly automatic attentional bias towards low-calorie foods. Patients with AN seem to have more intense cognitive processing independent of stimulus material. More research is needed to validate and clarify differences between early and late LPP measures as well as the operationalization and relevance of hunger status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeska Stonawski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sandra A Mai-Lippold
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holmer Graap
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunther H Moll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kratz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jessica Van Doren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Horndasch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Rosa PJ, Madeira A, Oliveira J, Palrão T. How much is a chef's touch worth? Affective, emotional and behavioural responses to food images: A multimodal study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293204. [PMID: 37883424 PMCID: PMC10602275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food aesthetics influences affective dimensions (valence and arousal) and subsequent emotional and behavioural responses in images presented in more traditional form, almost rustic in some cases, to the signature dishes of haute cuisine. However, the visual impact of images of haute cuisine dishes on consumers' affective and emotional responses compared to traditional dishes is still understudied. METHODS We recorded electrodermal activity, ocular movements and self-report affect of 35 volunteers while they performed a picture viewing paradigm using images of haute cuisine food, traditional food, and non-food. Additionally, the moderating role of age was examined. RESULTS Our results showed that subjects had higher feelings of pleasure and arousal toward images of food (haute cuisine and traditional dishes) compared to non-food images. However, no difference in self-report affect, physiological and behavioural responses was found between haute cuisine and traditional dishes. Interestingly, a moderating effect of age was revealed, reporting that younger participants had greater feelings of pleasure and shorter eye-to-screen distance towards traditional food than haute cuisine. CONCLUSIONS As a whole, our findings suggest that food aesthetics could at least partially affect consumers' affective and emotional responses. Interestingly, physiological responses to food pictures seemed to be relatively independent of approach/avoidance motivational states, supporting the assumption that traditional visual restaurant menus with attractive images might be insufficient for eliciting intense positive emotions. This study also contributes to advancing the understanding of the role that age plays in emotional impact when images of haute cuisine dishes are presented to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Rosa
- HEI‐Lab: Digital Human‐Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes (ISMAT), Portimão, Portugal
| | - Arlindo Madeira
- Higher School of Administration Sciences (ESCAD), IPLUSO, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation (CiTUR), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- HEI‐Lab: Digital Human‐Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Palrão
- Instituto Superior de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo/ISCE, Odivelas, Portugal
- Estoril Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotel Studies (CiTUR), Estoril, Portugal
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Han J, Zhuang K, Yi H, Jiang Y, Ling Y, Fan L, Liu Y, Chen H. "Neurotic people tend to eat less when disinhibited": The mediating role of food-related cognitive flexibility in restrained eaters. Appetite 2022; 179:106309. [PMID: 36115512 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to reveal the individual differences in Neuroticism and cognitive flexibility among successful restrained eaters (SREs), unsuccessful restrained eaters (UREs), and non-restrained eaters (NREs). Moreover, this study is dedicated to investigating whether certain personality traits and cognitive flexibility could concurrently influence disinhibited eating behaviors among restrained eaters and reveal the pathways through which they interact. METHODS Female participants aged 17 and 24 years (NREs = 23; SREs = 24; UREs = 23) were assessed with body mass index (BMI) and appetite state measurement, the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. To measure behavioral and neural responses related to cognitive flexibility, participants were required to complete a food-related switching task, and their brain activities were recorded through the technique of electroencephalography (EEG). Here we analyzed two widely investigated components-the N2 and P3 components that separately relate to conflict monitoring and response inhibition. RESULTS The behavioral performance of food-related task switching did not show significant between-group differences. However, in comparison to NREs and SREs, UREs elicited larger N2 and lower P3 amplitudes during task switching. In addition, UREs exhibited a lower level of Neuroticism than SREs and NREs. Furthermore, food-related task switching induced N2 amplitude fully mediated the association between Neuroticism and disinhibited eating behavior in restrained eaters controlled for BMI and negative affect. Importantly, when a parallel mediation model with N2 and P3 was built concurrently, N2 was still able to fully mediate the association. CONCLUSION According to behavioral and neural evidence, increased N2 amplitude induced by food-related task switching totally mediated the negative association between Neuroticism and disinhibited eating in restrained eaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhuang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haijing Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ying Ling
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Li W, Liu P, Li Z, Meng J. Capsaicin-induced pain increases neural responses to low-calorie non-spicy food cues: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2022; 174:108408. [PMID: 35973635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin, the main spicy ingredient in chili, can activate pain receptors on the human tongue and skin. Although some studies have determined that pain influenced preference for high-calorie foods, little is known whether pain can modulate the individuals' preference for spicy foods and its neural mechanisms. After 30 participants underwent painful (topical capsaicin cream) and control (hand cream) treatments, an event-related potential (ERP) study was conducted to investigate the modulation of capsaicin-induced pain on food preference with food images. Results showed that both P3 and late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes during the painful treatment were significantly larger than those during the control treatment for low-calorie non-spicy food cues. However, for the other three categories of food cues, there were no significant differences between the two treatments. The present study suggests that capsaicin-induced pain increases individuals' neural processing of low-calorie non-spicy food cues, which provides empirical evidence on the relationship between pain and neural responses to food cues to help optimize dietary interventions for patients experiencing pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
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Potthoff J, Schienle A. Sadness-associated eating styles and visual food cue reactivity: An eye-tracking investigation. Eat Behav 2022; 45:101604. [PMID: 35231797 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional eating has been associated with biases of attention and memory for visual food cues. This eye-tracking study investigated whether the tendency to overeat in response to sadness is associated with the inspection and recall of visual food cues. METHOD Participants (n = 115, mean age = 26 years, 70 females, 45 males) viewed images depicting food and non-food. We compared gaze duration, 'hyperscanning' parameters (fixation duration, saccadic angle, scan path length), and recall performance between different image categories (high-calorie, low-calorie food, non-food) and groups with different sadness-associated eating styles (increased, decreased, unchanged food consumption during states of sadness). RESULTS The group with sadness-related overeating reported a higher body mass index than the other groups, but neither displayed a visual attention bias nor memory bias for food cues. We observed a prolonged gaze duration for low-calorie food cues, which were rated as more appetizing than high-calorie cues. All participants recalled more food cues (low- and high-calorie) than non-food cues independent of gaze duration. CONCLUSION This study expanded previous research designs by groups that decrease vs. increase the amount eaten when feeling sad, and food/non-food images that were carefully matched for visual properties. Based on this approach, we were not able to show that self-disclosed sadness eating is associated with visual/memory biases for food images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Potthoff
- University of Graz, Institute of Psychology, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Anne Schienle
- University of Graz, Institute of Psychology, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Berchio C, Cambi S, Pappaianni E, Micali N. EEG Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents With Feeding and Eating Disorders: Current Evidence and Future Directions. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:882358. [PMID: 35463489 PMCID: PMC9026170 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.882358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electroencephalography (EEG) represents a powerful tool to detect abnormal neural dynamics in child and adolescent psychiatry. Feeding and Eating Disorders (FEDs), such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) onset in childhood and adolescence. EEG has rarely been used to examine cortical brain activity in children and adolescents with FEDs. This review aims to summarize EEG findings in FEDs amongst children and adolescents, and to highlight areas deserving further research. METHODS We searched the literature for EEG studies on children and adolescents with FEDs using Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Medline, and PubMed. RESULTS Twelve studies were identified, the majority focusing on AN (N = 10). The identified studies suggest reduced action monitoring control (preparatory waves, N200, P300), specific perceptual-cognitive styles to body/face perception (late positive potentials/early posterior negativity), as well as fundamental changes in posterior theta oscillations in AN. Behavioral traits of BN/BED (i.e., loss of control eating, emotional eating), and AN seem to be associated with an increased attentional reactivity (P300) to visual food stimuli. CONCLUSION Electroencephalography research in children and adolescents with FEDs is limited and mostly focused on AN. While EEG abnormalities seem consistent with a reduced top-down control and attentional allocation deficits in AN, altered attention specific to food cues emerges across FEDs. Overcoming conventional EEG analyses, and investigating spatial properties (i.e., electrical neuroimaging), will enhance our understanding of FEDs neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Berchio
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Cambi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Pappaianni
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Micali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Key AP, Jones D, Zengin-Bolatkale H, Roof E, Hunt-Hawkins H. Visual food cue processing in children with Prader-Willi Syndrome. Physiol Behav 2021; 238:113492. [PMID: 34116052 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperphagia and the associated interest in food is a characteristic feature of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) that emerges during childhood and remains a life-long concern. This study examined neural responses reflecting food cue salience in children with PWS and typical controls, age 3-12 years. Visual event-related potentials were recorded while participants in satiated state passively viewed photographs of high- and low-calorie foods, animals, and neutral objects. Contrary to the prediction, children with PWS did not demonstrate greater than typical neural responses to food, suggesting that it is not an exceptionally motivationally salient stimulus in PWS. Caregiver reports of greater hyperphagia were associated with neural responses to low-calorie foods suggesting accelerated and more fine-grained visual stimulus categorization in terms of edibility and caloric content. Overall, the findings align more closely with the altered satiety rather than increased food reward models of hyperphagia in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P Key
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
| | - Dorita Jones
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development
| | | | - Elizabeth Roof
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development
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Ammar Ali M, Özöğür‐Akyüz S, Duru AD, Caliskan M, Demir C, Bostancı T, Elsallak F, Shkokani M, Dokur Z, Ölmez T, Ergün C, Bebek N, Yilmaz G. Neurological effects of long‐term diet on obese and overweight individuals: An electroencephalogram and event‐related potential study. Comput Intell 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/coin.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ammar Ali
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Süreyya Özöğür‐Akyüz
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Adil Deniz Duru
- School of Physical Education and Sports Marmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melisa Caliskan
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ceylan Demir
- Department of Mathematical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Tuğba Bostancı
- Faculty of Health Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Farouk Elsallak
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mohammad Shkokani
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Zümray Dokur
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Tamer Ölmez
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Can Ergün
- Faculty of Health Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Nerses Bebek
- Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Gizem Yilmaz
- Department of Psychology Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey
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de Souza ALG, de Almeida AA, Noll PRES, Noll M. Unhealthy life habits associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative misuse in Brazilian adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2482. [PMID: 33510267 PMCID: PMC7843628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a stage in life characterized by important social, cognitive, and physical changes. Adolescents are vulnerable to various psychosocial disorders, including eating disorders. We aimed to investigate the association between unhealthy habits, sociodemographic characteristics, and the practice of self-induced vomiting or laxative misuse in a representative sample of Brazilian adolescent girls and boys. Data from 102,072 students who participated in the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey were analyzed using the dependent variable: presence or absence of self-induced vomiting and/or laxative misuse; independent variables: consumption of unhealthy and high-calorie food items, age during first sexual intercourse, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and/or illicit drugs. Associations between exposure and outcome were estimated using Poisson's regression models stratified by sex, and including region, school, age group, and mother's educational history as adjustment variables. Eating ultra-processed foods and age during first sexual intercourse were associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative misuse only for girls; all other variables (consuming unhealthy foods and using legal or illicit substances) were associated with these behaviors for both sexes after applying adjustment variables. Early interventions focusing on changing unhealthy behaviors may prevent development of eating disorders in adolescents. Our findings demonstrate a strong association of many unhealthy habits with laxative misuse and self-induced vomiting practices in Brazilian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres, GO, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres, GO, Brazil.
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Biehl SC, Keil J, Naumann E, Svaldi J. ERP and oscillatory differences in overweight/obese and normal-weight adolescents in response to food stimuli. J Eat Disord 2020; 8:14. [PMID: 32280464 PMCID: PMC7137417 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings are mixed regarding the association of electroencephalographic (EEG) attentional bias measures and body weight, with few studies measuring food craving or intake and no study reporting oscillatory measures. METHODS EEG data were collected while 28 satiated adolescents (14 overweight/obese) viewed pictures of neutral, low-calorie food, and high-calorie food stimuli and rated their desire to eat, before having access to high-calorie snacks. RESULTS Unlike normal-weight adolescents, overweight/obese participants showed similar P300 amplitudes for high- and low-calorie food, and strongest event-related alpha band desynchronization for low-calorie stimuli. P300 amplitudes and state craving for low-calorie food furthermore predicted snack intake in this group. CONCLUSIONS The current research focus in overweight/obesity might need to be extended to include low-calorie food. While all participants showed an attentional bias for high-calorie food, it was the processing of low-calorie food which distinguished the two weight groups on measures of neural activity and which was associated with snack food intake in the overweight/obese group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie C. Biehl
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Schleichstrasse 4, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Keil
- Biological Psychology, Christian-Albrechts University, Olshausenstraße 62, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Naumann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Schleichstrasse 4, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Svaldi
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Schleichstrasse 4, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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14
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Food has the right of way: Evidence for prioritised processing of visual food stimuli irrespective of eating style. Appetite 2019; 142:104372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Wu J, Phillip TM, Doretto V, van Noordt S, Chaplin TM, Hommer RE, Mayes LC, Crowley MJ. An inactive control of the 'Trier Social Stress Test' for Youth 10-17 years: Neuroendocrine, cardiac, and subjective responses. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 104:152-164. [PMID: 30849721 PMCID: PMC6488376 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The Trier Social Stress Test for children (TSST-C) adapted from TSST is one of the most commonly used laboratory paradigms for investigating the effects of stress on cognitive, affective and physiological responses in children and adolescents. Considering that laboratory procedures generate a significant amount of stress to children and adolescents, even in the absence of a stress paradigm, it is important to validate TSST-C against an inactive control condition in which the stress components were absent. Using a randomized design, we tested an inactive control condition, which replaced the TSST-C with a benign video clip (nature scenes viewed while standing), thus removing the stress associated components of the TSST-C. Eighty-eight youth between the ages of 10 and 17 years were randomly assigned to complete the TSST-C or the Inactive Control (IC). Subjective anxiety rating, salivary cortisol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate were collected at eight time points. Subjects in the Inactive Control condition showed no significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate, and decreased anxiety rating and salivary cortisol level throughout the study. Subjects in the stress condition (TSST-C) showed increased anxiety ratings, salivary cortisol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate immediately following TSST-C stress induction. Our findings validated that the TSST-C induced a systemic stress response, and that the Inactive Control can be a promising standardized control condition for the TSST-C and a tool for future psychobiological research. Our results also showed that anxiety reactivity decreased with age while HR reactivity increased with age. Cortisol reactivity did not fall in a linear relationship with age but rather via a quadratic curve, suggesting the mid-age adolescents had the highest cortisol responses to stress compared to their younger and older peers, potentially due to a dual factor of pubertal development and self-control and emotion regulation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States.
| | | | - Victoria Doretto
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of
Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - Stefon van Noordt
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT,Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child
Study Center, New Haven, CT,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tara M. Chaplin
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax,
VA
| | - Rebecca E. Hommer
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Mental
Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Linda C. Mayes
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT,Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child
Study Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael J. Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT,Program for Anxiety Disorders, Yale Child Study Center, New
Haven, CT,Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child
Study Center, New Haven, CT
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16
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Fahrenkamp AJ, Darling KE, Ruzicka EB, Sato AF. Food Cravings and Eating: The Role of Experiential Avoidance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1181. [PMID: 30986941 PMCID: PMC6479752 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Food cravings have been associated with problematic eating behaviors, such as emotional eating. Late adolescence is an important developmental period to examine this association, as late adolescents have greater independence in food choices as well as potentially higher demands during a transitional period of their lives. Mechanisms underlying the association between food cravings and problematic eating remain unclear. This study examined whether experiential avoidance (EA) may be one possible mechanism mediating the association between higher levels of food cravings and problematic eating behaviors. Late adolescents (n = 174) completed measures assessing EA, food cravings, and three problematic eating behaviors: emotional eating, cognitive restraint, and uncontrolled eating. Height and weight were measured objectively to calculate body mass index (BMI). Food cravings were positively associated with emotional eating and mediated by EA. EA also significantly mediated the association between greater cognitive restraint and greater food cravings. No significant mediation was detected for food cravings and uncontrolled eating. Future research may consider EA as a treatment target in intervention strategies for late adolescents seeking to decrease emotional or restrained eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine E Darling
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44224, USA.
| | - Elizabeth B Ruzicka
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44224, USA.
| | - Amy F Sato
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44224, USA.
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17
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Winkens L, van Strien T, Brouwer I, Penninx B, Visser M. Mindful eating and change in depressive symptoms: Mediation by psychological eating styles. Appetite 2019; 133:204-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Altered Processing of Visual Food Stimuli in Adolescents with Loss of Control Eating. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020210. [PMID: 30678145 PMCID: PMC6412983 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of control eating (LOC) constitutes a common eating pathology in childhood and adolescence. Models developed for adult patients stress a biased processing of food-related stimuli as an important maintaining factor. To our knowledge, however, no EEG study to date investigated the processing of visual food stimuli in children or adolescents with LOC. Adolescents with at least one self-reported episode of LOC in the last four weeks and a matched control group completed a modified Go/NoGo task, with a numerical target or non-target stimulus being presented on one side of the screen and an irrelevant high-calorie food or neutral stimulus being presented on the opposite side. Mean P3 amplitudes were analyzed. In Go trials, the LOC group’s mean P3 amplitudes were comparable irrespective of distractor category, while for NoGo trials, mean P3 amplitudes were significantly higher when the distractor was a high-calorie food stimulus. This pattern was reversed in the control group. Results are interpreted in light of Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory. They might reflect altered processes of behavioral inhibition in adolescents with LOC upon confrontation with visual food stimuli.
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19
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Hummel G, Ehret J, Zerweck I, Winter SS, Stroebele-Benschop N. How eating behavior, food stimuli and gender may affect visual attention - An eye tracking study. Eat Behav 2018; 31:60-67. [PMID: 30142551 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Hummel
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Janine Ehret
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Zerweck
- Department of Computer Science, Research Group Experimental Cognitive Science, University of Tübingen, Sand 6, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Salazar Winter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nanette Stroebele-Benschop
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Nutritional Psychology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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20
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Lipschutz R, Bick J, Nguyen V, Lee M, Leng L, Grigorenko E, Bucala R, Mayes LC, Crowley MJ. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene is associated with adolescents' cortisol reactivity and anxiety. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:170-178. [PMID: 29870971 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence points to interactions between inflammatory markers and stress reactivity in predicting mental health risk, but underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in inflammatory signaling and Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis stress-response, and has recently been identified as a candidate biomarker for depression and anxiety risk. We examined polymorphic variations of the MIF gene in association with baseline MIF levels, HPA axis reactivity, and self-reported anxiety responses to a social stressor in 74 adolescents, ages 10-14 years. Genotyping was performed for two polymorphisms, the -794 CATT5-8 tetranucleotide repeat and the -173*G/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Youth carrying the MIF-173*C and CATT7 alleles displayed attenuated cortisol reactivity when compared with non-carriers. Children with the CATT7-173*C haplotype displayed lower cortisol reactivity to the stressor compared to those without this haplotype. Additionally, the CATT5-173*C and CATT6-173*C haplotypes were associated with lower self-reported anxiety ratings across the stressor. Results extend prior work pointing to the influence of MIF signaling on neuroendocrine response to stress and suggest a potential pathophysiological pathway underlying risk for stress-related physical and mental health disorders. To our knowledge, these are the first data showing associations between the MIF gene, HPA axis reactivity, and anxiety symptoms during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lipschutz
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Johanna Bick
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Victoria Nguyen
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Maria Lee
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Elena Grigorenko
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Linda C Mayes
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael J Crowley
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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