1
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Ban Y, Yang H, Jiang J, Wang C, Lv B, Feng Y. A α-L-rhamnosidase from Echinacea purpurea endophyte Simplicillium sinense EFF1 and its application in production of Calceorioside B. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132090. [PMID: 38705322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Calceorioside B, a multifunctional phenylethanol glycosides (PhGs) derivative, exhibits a variety of notable properties, such as antithrombotic, anti-tumorigenic, anti-neocoronavirus, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the large-scale production of calceorioside B is routinely restricted by its existence as an intermediary compound derived from plants, and still unachieved through excellent and activity chemical synthesis. Here, a total of 51 fungal endophytes were isolated from four PhGs-producing plants, and endophyte Simplicillium sinense EFF1 from Echinacea purpurea was identified with the ability to de-rhamnosing isoacteoside to generate calceorioside B. According to the RNA-transcription of EFF1 under the various substrates, a key gene CL1206.Contig2 that undertakes the hydrolysis function was screened out and charactered by heterologous expression. The sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree construction and substrate specificity analysis revealed that CL1206 was a novel α-L-rhamnosidase that belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 78 (GH78). The optimum catalytic conditions for CL1206 were at pH 6.5 and 55 °C. Finally, the enzyme-catalyzed approach to produce calceorioside B from 50 % crude isoacteoside extract was explored and optimized, with the maximum conversion rate reaching 69.42 % and the average producing rate reaching 0.37 g-1.L-1.h-1, which offered a great biocatalyst for potential industrial calceorioside B production. This is the first case for microorganism and rhamnosidase to show the hydrolysis ability to caffeic acid-modified PhGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Ban
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongwang Yang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jixuan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yongjun Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Ahmadi F, Kariman K, Mousavi M, Rengel Z. Echinacea: Bioactive Compounds and Agronomy. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1235. [PMID: 38732450 PMCID: PMC11085449 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
For centuries, medicinal plants have been used as sources of remedies and treatments for various disorders and diseases. Recently, there has been renewed interest in these plants due to their potential pharmaceutical properties, offering natural alternatives to synthetic drugs. Echinacea, among the world's most important medicinal plants, possesses immunological, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. Nevertheless, there is a notable lack of thorough information regarding the echinacea species, underscoring the vital need for a comprehensive review paper to consolidate existing knowledge. The current review provides a thorough analysis of the existing knowledge on recent advances in understanding the physiology, secondary metabolites, agronomy, and ecology of echinacea plants, focusing on E. purpurea, E. angustifolia, and E. pallida. Pharmacologically advantageous effects of echinacea species on human health, particularly distinguished for its ability to safeguard the nervous system and combat cancer, are discussed. We also highlight challenges in echinacea research and provide insights into diverse approaches to boost the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites of interest in echinacea plants and optimize their large-scale farming. Various academic databases were employed to carry out an extensive literature review of publications from 2001 to 2024. The medicinal properties of echinacea plants are attributed to diverse classes of compounds, including caffeic acid derivatives (CADs), chicoric acid, echinacoside, chlorogenic acid, cynarine, phenolic and flavonoid compounds, polysaccharides, and alkylamides. Numerous critical issues have emerged, including the identification of active metabolites with limited bioavailability, the elucidation of specific molecular signaling pathways or targets linked to echinacoside effects, and the scarcity of robust clinical trials. This raises the overarching question of whether scientific inquiry can effectively contribute to harnessing the potential of natural compounds. A systematic review and analysis are essential to furnish insights and lay the groundwork for future research endeavors focused on the echinacea natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (K.K.); (M.M.); (Z.R.)
| | - Khalil Kariman
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (K.K.); (M.M.); (Z.R.)
| | - Milad Mousavi
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (K.K.); (M.M.); (Z.R.)
| | - Zed Rengel
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (K.K.); (M.M.); (Z.R.)
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, 21000 Split, Croatia
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3
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Xia N, Ding Z, Dong M, Li S, Liu J, Xue H, Wang Z, Lu J, Chen X. Protective Effects of Lycium ruthenicum Murray against Acute Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice via the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:497. [PMID: 38675458 PMCID: PMC11054480 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) resulting from short-term heavy alcohol consumption has become a global health concern. Moreover, anthocyanins have attracted much attention for their ability to prevent oxidation and inflammation. The present work evaluates the protective effects of Lycium ruthenicum Murray (LRM) against ALD and explores the possible underlying mechanism involved. The total anthocyanin content in LRM was 43.64 ± 9.28 Pt g/100 g dry weight. Mice were orally administered 50, 125, or 375 mg LRM/kg body weight (BW) for 21 days. On days 18-21, mice were orally administered 15 mL of ethanol/kg BW. Markers of liver damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation were examined. Furthermore, the modulatory effect of LRM on Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway molecules was evaluated through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR) and immunohistochemistry analyses. The difference between the groups indicated that LRM improved liver histopathology and the liver index, decreased aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression, but elevated superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-s-transferase levels. Moreover, LRM upregulated Nrf2 and Ho-1 but downregulated Nf-κb and Tnf-α genes at the transcript level. In summary, LRM alleviated ethanol-induced ALD in mice by reducing oxidative damage and associated inflammatory responses. LRM protects against ALD by reducing damage factors and enhancing defense factors, especially via the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway. Thus, LRM has application potential in ALD prophylaxis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niantong Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Zimian Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Mingran Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Shuyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Hongwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (N.X.); (Z.D.); (M.D.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (H.X.)
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4
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Wang W, Jiang S, Zhao Y, Zhu G. Echinacoside: A promising active natural products and pharmacological agents. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106951. [PMID: 37804927 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Echinacoside, a natural phenylethanoid glycoside, was discovered and isolated from the garden plant Echinacea angustifolia DC., belonging to the Compositae family, approximately sixty years ago. Extensive investigations have revealed that it possesses a wide array of pharmacologically beneficial activities for human health, particularly notable for its neuroprotective and anticancer activity. Several crucial concerns surfaced, encompassing the recognition of active metabolites that exhibited inadequate bioavailability in their prototype form, the establishment of precise molecular signal pathways or targets associated with the aforementioned effects of echinacoside, and the scarcity of dependable clinical trials. Hence, the question remains unanswered as to whether scientific research can effectively utilize this natural compound. To support future studies on this natural product, it is imperative to provide a systematic overview and insights into potential future prospects. The current review provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing knowledge on echinacoside, encompassing its wide distribution, structural diversity and metabolism, diverse therapeutic applications, and improvement of echinacoside bioavailability for its potential utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guoxue Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Tureyen A, Demirel HH, Demirkapi EN, Eryavuz AM, Ince S. Tubuloside A, a phenylethanoid glycoside, alleviates diclofenac induced hepato-nephro oxidative injury via Nrf2/HO-1. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3404-3413. [PMID: 37772986 PMCID: PMC10623516 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prominent adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac (DF) are hepato-renal damage. Natural antioxidants can be preferred as an alternative and/or combination to improve this damage. This present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Tubuloside A (TA) against diclofenac (DF)-induced hepato-renal damage. TA (1 mg/kg, ip) was administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 5 days, and DF (50 mg/kg, ip) was administered on Days 4 and 5. Plasma aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were measured to evaluate liver and kidney functions. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine) in blood, liver, and kidney tissues, changes in mRNA expression of genes involved in the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway (Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, IL-6, iNOS, Cox-2, TNF-α, IL1-β and NFκB) and apoptotic process (Bcl-2, Cas-3 and Bax) in liver and kidney tissues were determined. Additionally, tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically. Biochemical, histopathological, and molecular results demonstrated the hepato-renal toxic effects of DF, and TA treatment protected the liver and kidney from DF-induced damage. This provides an explanation for the hepato-nephro damage caused by DF and offers new ideas and drug targets together with TA for the prevention and treatment of DF injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tureyen
- Department of GastroenterologyMinistry of Health Eskisehir City HospitalEskisehirTurkey
| | | | - Ezgi Nur Demirkapi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of PhysiologyAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Azra Mila Eryavuz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
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6
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Hou S, Tan M, Chang S, Zhu Y, Rong G, Wei G, Zhang J, Zhao B, Zhao QS. Effects of different processing (Paozhi) on structural characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Cistanche deserticola. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125507. [PMID: 37355072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, five polysaccharides were extracted from processed Cistanche deserticola. The processing included crude product, enzymatic hydrolysis, hot air drying, stir-baking with wine and high-pressure steaming, and these polysaccharides were named as CP-CDPs, EH-CDPs, HAD-CDPs, SBW-CDPs and HPS-CDPs, respectively. The structural characteristics and biological activities were explored. The results showed that processing changed properties of C. deserticola polysaccharides. CP-CDPs had the highest brightness value L*(93.84) and carbohydrate content (61.27 %). EH-CDPs had minimum Mw (1531.50 kDa), while SBW-CDPs had maximum Mw (2526.0 kDa). Glucose was major predominant monosaccharide in CP-CDPs (89.82 %), HAD-CDPs (79.3 %), SBW-CDPs (59.41 %) and HPS-CDPs (63.86 %), while galactose was major monosaccharide in EH-CDPs (29.44 %). According to SEM, SBW-CDPs showed compact structures, while HPS-CDPs and HAD-CDPs had similar looser structure than SBW-CDPs; meanwhile, CP-CDPs showed irregular agglomeration shape and EH-CDPs was dense blocky shape. The AFM showed SBW-CDPs had the largest molecular chain than other polysaccharides. When scavenging activity reaching 50 %, the concentrations of CP-CDPs, EH-CDPs, HAD-CDPs, SBW-CDPs, HPS-CDPs are 2.25, 0.25, 0.75, 1.8 and 1.5 mg/mL, respectively. This study sheds light on the effects of traditional Chinese medicine processing on characteristics, bioactivities of C. deserticola polysaccharides, and provides the basis for applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Minghui Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Senlin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guang Rong
- HiperCog Group, Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gaojie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Alashan Cistanche Co. ltd, Alashanzuoqi, Inner Mongolia 750306, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qing-Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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7
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Zhou S, Feng D, Zhou Y, Duan H, Jiang Y, Yan W. Analysis of the active ingredients and health applications of cistanche. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1101182. [PMID: 36992906 PMCID: PMC10042234 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche is a tonic Chinese medicine commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, with 2016, CFSA through the alxa desert cistanche safety evaluation, cistanche began to officially enter the food field. At present, the research on cistanche mainly focuses on the extraction, isolation and purification and pharmacological effects, and its pharmacological effects such as neuroprotective effects, immunomodulation, antioxidant anticancer and hepatoprotective liver protection have attracted the attention of researchers. This review mainly reviews the research status, chemical composition and health benefits, analyzes its application prospects in food, and aims to provide certain theoretical support for the safe application of cistanche in functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Duo Feng
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Duan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Inner Mongolia Sankou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjie Yan, ✉
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8
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Wu L, Xiang T, Chen C, Isah MB, Zhang X. Studies on Cistanches Herba: A Bibliometric Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1098. [PMID: 36903966 PMCID: PMC10005655 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a famous tonic herb, Cistanches Herba is known for its broad medicinal functions, especially its hormone balancing, anti-aging, anti-dementia, anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of studies on Cistanche and to identify research hotspots and frontier topics on the genus. Based on the metrological analysis software CiteSpace, 443 Cistanche related papers were quantitatively reviewed. The results indicate that 330 institutions from 46 countries have publications in this field. China was the leading country in terms of research importance and number of publication (335 articles). In the past decades, studies on Cistanche have mainly focused on its rich active substances and pharmacological effects. Although the research trend shows that Cistanche has grown from an endangered species to an important industrial plant, its breeding and cultivation continue to be important areas for research. In the future, the application of Cistanche species as functional foods may be a new research trend. In addition, active collaborations among researchers, institutions, and countries are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiang Wu
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Tian Xiang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Murtala Bindawa Isah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina, P.M.B. 2218, Katsina 820102, Nigeria
- Biomedical Research and Training Centre, Yobe State University, P.M.B. 1144, Damaturu 600213, Nigeria
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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9
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Wan G, Chen Z, Lei L, Geng X, Zhang Y, Yang C, Cao W, Pan Z. The total polyphenolic glycoside extract of Lamiophlomis rotata ameliorates hepatic fibrosis through apoptosis by TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Chin Med 2023; 18:20. [PMID: 36829153 PMCID: PMC9951520 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) which is mainly secreted by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Lamiophlomis rotata (L. rotata) was recorded to treat jaundice in the traditional Tibetan medical system with the potential of hepatoprotection. However, the bioactivities and the possible mechanism of L. rotata on hepatic fibrosis is still largely unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of bioactivities in L. rotata and the probable mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, total polyphenolic glycosides of L. rotata (TPLR) was purified with the selectivity adsorption resin and was analyzed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF/MSn). The anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of TPLR was evaluated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis, and was evaluated with the apoptosis of activated HSCs. RESULTS In total, sixteen compounds, including nine phenylpropanoids and six flavonoids, were identified in the UPLC-TOF-MSn profile of the extracts. TPLR significantly ameliorated hepatic fibrosis in CCl4-induced mice and inhibited HSCs proliferation, Moreover, TPLR notably increased the apoptosis of activated HSCs along with up-regulated caspase-3, -8, -9, and -10. Furthermore, TPLR inhibited TGF-β/Smad pathway ameliorating hepatic fibrosis though downregulation the expression of Smad2/3, Smad4, and upregulation the expression of Smad7 in vivo and in vitro. Simultaneously, the expression of fibronectin (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and Collagen I (Col1α1) were decreased in tissues and in cells with TPLR administration. CONCLUSION These results initially demonstrated that TPLR has the potential to ameliorate hepatic fibrosis through an apoptosis mechanism via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguo Wan
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Lei
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Geng
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- grid.411304.30000 0001 0376 205XCentre for Academic Inheritance and Innovation of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Congwen Yang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfu Cao
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Pan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Tubuloside B, isolated from Cistanche tubulosa, a promising agent against M1 macrophage activation via synergistically targeting Mob1 and ERK1/2. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Srivastava M, Shanker K. Duranta erecta Linn: A critical review on phytochemistry, traditional uses, pharmacology, and toxicity from phytopharmaceutical perspective. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115274. [PMID: 35405253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Duranta erecta Linn. belonging to the Verbenaceae family is widely used in the traditional systems of medicines practiced in Bangladesh, India, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Brazil. The ethnomedicinal application as vermifuge, febrifuge, diuretic, anti-parasitic, and anti-malarial are well documented. D. erecta is also a significant source of phenylethanoid glycoside known as acteoside-a drug in clinical trials for IgA nephropathy patients. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to critically highlight the existing studies on D. erecta, including its botanical authentication, geographical distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties. Critical discussion is focused on the overview and gap in knowledge for future research. Additionally, the clinical significance of its major secondary metabolite, i.e., acteoside, has also been discussed with emphasis on biosynthesis, distribution, pre-clinical, and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Professional research data from 1963 to 2021 appeared in scholarly journals, and books were retrieved from scientific database platforms viz. Sci-Finder, PubMed, CNKI, Science Direct, Web of Science, Wiley, Google Scholar, Taylor and Francis, Springer, and Scopus. The chemical structures for all the phytomolecules were validated using Sci-finder and first-hand references. While plant name and synonyms were corroborated by "The Plant List" (www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS D. erecta and its key metabolite acteoside display various biological actions like antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antinephritic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and antiviral properties. Acteoside literature analysis shows its presence in different stages of clinical trials for anti-nephritic, hepatoprotective, and osteoarthritic activity. The phytochemical review of D. erecta exhibited 64 compounds that have been isolated and identified from D. erecta, such as iridoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, terpenoids, and saponins. The other significant secondary metabolites responsible for its medicinal properties are acteoside, durantol, pectolinaringenin, repenins, scutellarein, and repennoside. CONCLUSION Duranta erecta is one of the Verbenaceae plants, widely used in ethnomedicines having various phytochemicals with understandable pharmacological actions mainly confined at the crude extract level. However, further bioactivity-guided or fingerprint-assisted studies are required to validate the ethnomedicinal uses, concerning cellular and molecular mechanisms, quality standardization, and safety with respect to its bioactive constituent(s). Therefore, the present review identified the gap in the research on scientific validation of Duranta based ethnomedicines and may provide critical information for the development of phytopharmaceuticals/Phyto-cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Srivastava
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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12
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Arast Y, Heidary M, Tanbakousazan F, Behnamipour S, Vazirizadeh A, Pourahmad J. Selective Toxicity of Cistanche tubulosa Root Extract on Cancerous Skin Mitochondria isolated from animal Model of Melanoma. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2022; 41:243-249. [PMID: 35796072 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2096628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a major public health issue, the skin cancer is a leading reason of death and has resulted in significant financial and human losses globally. Numerous environmental and internal variables may both drive and exacerbate the pathophysiology of the skin cancer. Marine herbs and animals, including marine sponges, cucumbers, and squirts, have been shown to have cytotoxic consequences on cancerous cells in prior research. PURPOSE melanoma mitochondria obtained from skin of melanoma animal model are studied in this research to see whether extracts from Cistanche tubulosa, a plant endemic to the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf, has a cytotoxic impact on them. MATERIAL AND METHOD In this study, the mitochondria isolated from melanoma cells via differential centrifugation and treated with various concentrations (1250, 2500 and 5000 µg/ml) of methanolic extract of C. tubulosa. Then MTT, ROS, MMP decline, mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release and flow cytometry assays were performed on them. RESULTS The results of MTT assay showed that the IC50 of C. tubulosa extract is 2500 μg/ml and C. tubulosa extract induced a selectively significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease in the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria. The ROS results also showed that all concentrations of C. tubulosa extracts significantly increased ROS production, MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer groups mitochondria. The swelling of mitochondria isolated from the cancer group was significantly increased compared to the control group. In addition, the results of apoptosis assay showed that addition of root extract of Cistanche tubulosa on melanoma cells increased apoptosis, while it had no effect on control non tumor cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Based on these results, the presence of potentially bioactive compounds in C. tubulosa make this Persian Gulf coastal herb a strong candidate for further molecular studies and clinical research in the field of melanoma cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Arast
- Research center of Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mobina Heidary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Tanbakousazan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Behnamipour
- Research center of Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Amir Vazirizadeh
- Persian Gulf Research Institute, Marine Biology and Fishery Sciences Department, Persian Gulf University, Bandar Abbas. Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
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13
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Xiong WL, Sun Y, Ma TC, Zhang XY, Wang JY, Du YY, Wu B, Yan TX, Jia Y. A pair of novel phenylethanol glycosides from Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) Wight. Fitoterapia 2022; 160:105227. [PMID: 35662650 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A pair of differential epimers with opposite C-7 configurations, crenatosides A and B (1 and 2), and 10 known phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) (3-12) were obtained from the succulent stem of Cistanche tubulosa. The structures were elucidated based on extensive spectral data (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESIMS), which are first reported natural products with unique glycoside structures. After acid hydrolysis, the configuration of the sugar was determined by comparing it with the normative sugar by HPLC. The absolute configurations of both compounds were determined by ECD spectrum analysis. All the obtained compounds were examined for their inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse microglial cells (BV-2 cells), and compounds 1 and 2 showed potent inhibition on NO production with IC50 values of 5.62 μM and 6.30 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Xiong
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Bukui North Street 333, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Cheng Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Bukui North Street 333, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- College of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Yang Du
- College of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- College of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Xu Yan
- College of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jia
- College of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Development of Cistanche deserticola Fermented Juice and Its Repair Effect on Ethanol-Induced WRL68 Cell Damage. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8040178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Cistanche deserticola is a valuable Chinese herb, but traditional dry processing causes the loss of active substances. This study developed Cistanche deserticola fermented juice (CFJ) using lactic acid bacteria and optimized the fermentation process to achieve the maximum active substance content and taste. More interestingly, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased during fermentation, and CFJ exerted a reparative effect on ethanol-induced cell damage. SOD activity reached 603.26 U/mL when the ratios in the total inoculum volume of Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactococcus pentosus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus acidophilus were 31.74%, 15.71%, 17.45%, 11.65%, 9.56%, and 13.89%, respectively. Further, the optimal fermentation conditions for CFJ were determined using a response surface methodology. More importantly, CFJ promoted the proliferation of WRL68 cells, and CFJ exerted an obvious reparative effect on ethanol-treated cells, in which the cell survival rate increased to 120.35 ± 0.77% (p < 0.05). The underlying mechanism might have been that CFJ reduced the MDA content in damaged cells from 1.36 nmol/mg prot to 0.88 nmol/mg prot and increased GSH-Px and SOD activities by 48% and 72%, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis and reference data for the fermentation of C. deserticola and its hepatoprotective activity.
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15
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Zhang X, Liu X, Chang S, Zhang C, Du W, Hou F. Effect of Cistanche deserticola on Rumen Microbiota and Rumen Function in Grazing Sheep. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:840725. [PMID: 35432287 PMCID: PMC9009397 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.840725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, veterinary drugs and chemical additives have been widely used in livestock and poultry breeding to improve production performance. However, problems such as drug residues in food are causing serious concerns. The use of functional plants and their extracts to improve production performance is becoming increasingly popular. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cistanche deserticola in sheep feed on rumen flora and to analyze the causes to provide a theoretical basis for the future use of Cistanche deserticola as a functional substance to improve sheep production performance. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted using 24 six-month-old sheep males divided into four groups (six animals in each group) which were fed a basic diet composed of alfalfa and tall fescue grass. The C. deserticola feed was provided to sheep at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%) as experimental treatments. On the last day (Day 75), ruminal fluid was collected through a rumen tube for evaluating changes in rumen flora. The test results showed that Prevotella_1, Lactobacillus, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were the dominant species at the genus level in all samples. Lactobacillus, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, Butyrivibrio_2, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group differed significantly in relative abundance among the treatment groups. The polysaccharides in C. deserticola was the major factor influencing the alteration in rumen flora abundance, and had the functions of improving rumen fermentation environment and regulating rumen flora structure, etc. Hence, C. deserticola can be used to regulate rumen fermentation in grazing sheep to improve production efficiency.
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Zhang P, Su L, Ji X, Ma F, Yue Q, Zhao C, Zhang S, Sun X, Li K, Zhao L. Cistanche promotes the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264772. [PMID: 35231074 PMCID: PMC8887766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cistanche deserticola Ma (cistanche) is a traditional herb with a wide range of therapeutic properties. However, no evidence of cistanche’s effect on adipogenesis has been found. The effect of cistanche that promotes the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was proved by using MTT spectrophotometry, Nile Red staining, Oil Red O staining and transcriptome sequencing technology. The mRNA level of key transcription factors for adipogenesis such as PPAR, AP2 and LPL were examined by RT-PCR. The results showed that the intracellular lipid content in cistanche treated cells were notably increased when compared with the non-treated cells. Between the differentiation and cistanche treated groups, the expression of adipogenesis related genes such as grow hormone releasing hormone (Ghrp), BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) and Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (Gipr) were significantly increased. Our findings also verified that cistanche promoted adipogenesis, which was accompanied by up-regulated level of Bnip3 and PPAR. This study could uncover new signaling pathways involved in adipogenesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuyu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Feifan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food and Fermentation Engineering, Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Jinan Hang Chen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
- Jinan Hang Chen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Mou JF, Lin XZ, Su HL, Lu HL, Liu QB, Liang B, Chen X, Liang CQ, Zhou XL. Anti-hepatitis B virus activity and hepatoprotective effect of des(rhamnosyl) verbascoside from Lindernia ruellioides in vitro. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4555-4566. [PMID: 34146352 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although clinically approved hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase inhibitors (lamivudine-3TC, entecavir, etc.) serve as effective therapeutics, the virus can easily generate resistance to them. Therefore, the treatment of HBV infection remains a public health problem. Numerous studies have shown that natural products have prospective anti-HBV activity. The purpose of this study was to isolate and extract des(rhamnosyl) verbascoside from Lindernia ruellioides (Colsm.) Pennell and explore its anti-HBV and hepatoprotective effects. Anti-HBV activity was evaluated in HepG2.2.15 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line with HBV-stable infection, and its protective effect was evaluated in HL-7702 cells, a normal human liver cell line. HepG2.2.15 cells maintained normal growth morphology within the selected concentration range of des(rhamnosyl) verbascoside. It also inhibited the expression of HBV antigens and HBV DNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro. Further, western blot experiments showed that it could downregulate HBV X protein (HBx) expression in a dose-dependent manner. In the H2 O2 -induced hepatocyte injury model, the cell-survival rate of the HL-7702 cells with the highest drug dose reached 85.25%, which was significantly improved compared with that of the model group. Most of the cells returned to normal morphology, showing polygonal or fusiform structures. Thus, it may be stated that des(rhamnosyl) verbascoside exhibits anti-HBV activity and hepatoprotective effects in vitro and may exert an anti-HBV effect via antigen inhibition, HBV DNA secretion, and HBx protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fei Mou
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - He-Ling Su
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Hui-Ling Lu
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Qing-Bo Liu
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng-Qin Liang
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- Biotechnology Institute, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Guo Y, Cui Q, Ren S, Hao D, Morikawa T, Wang D, Liu X, Pan Y. The hepatoprotective efficacy and biological mechanisms of three phenylethanoid glycosides from cistanches herba and their metabolites based on intestinal bacteria and network pharmacology. J Nat Med 2021; 75:784-797. [PMID: 34003414 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Echinacoside (ECH), acteoside (ACT), and isoacteoside (ISAT), the typical phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) in cistanches herba, have various pharmacological activities. However, the ECH, ACT and ISAT have extremely low oral bioavailability, which is related to their metabolism under the intestinal flora. Previous studies showed that intestinal metabolites were the hepatoprotective substances in vivo, but the research on whether PhGs has effects without intestinal bacteria has not been studied. In this paper, ECH, ACT and ISAT were incubated with human or rat intestinal bacteria for 36 h. After incubating with human bacteria for 36 h, three prototype compounds were not detected and were mainly biotransformed to 3-HPP and HT. In the network pharmacology, a total of 6 common targets were obtained by analysing the prototypes, the metabolites and the liver injury. It was found that the combinations of three metabolites and common targets were more stable than those of the prototypes and common targets by molecular docking. Meanwhile, hepatocellular apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation and oxidative responses might play important roles in the mechanisms of the metabolites exerting hepatoprotective activities. Then normal and pseudo-sterile mice experiments were adopted to further compare the hepatoprotective activities of prototypes and metabolites. Animal experiment results showed that the prototypes and the metabolites in the normal mice had significantly hepatoprotective activity. Interestingly, in the pseudo-germfree mice, the metabolites showed significant hepatoprotective effect, but the prototypes had not effect. It indicated that the prototype cannot exert liver protective activity without the effect of intestinal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingling Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Shumeng Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Deguo Hao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Joint Research Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
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Yuan P, Fu C, Yang Y, Adila A, Zhou F, Wei X, Wang W, Lv J, Li Y, Xia L, Li J. Cistanche tubulosa Phenylethanoid Glycosides Induce Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Mitochondria-Dependent and MAPK Pathways and Enhance Antitumor Effect through Combination with Cisplatin. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211013085. [PMID: 33949239 PMCID: PMC8113936 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211013085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche tubulosa is a type of Chinese herbal medicine and
exerts various biological functions. Previous studies have been demonstrated
that Cistanche tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides (CTPG)
exhibit antitumor effects on a variety of tumor cells. However, the antitumor
effects of CTPG on HepG2 and BEL-7404 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells are
still elusive. Our study showed that CTPG significantly inhibited the growth of
HepG2 and BEL-7404 cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and
apoptosis, which was associated with the activation of MAPK pathways
characterized by the up-regulated phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 and
mitochondria-dependent pathway characterized by the reduction of mitochondrial
membrane potential. The release of cytochrome c and the
cleavage of caspase-3, -7, -9, and PARP were subsequently increased by CTPG
treatment. Moreover, CTPG significantly suppressed the migration of HepG2
through reducing the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular
endothelial growth factor. Interestingly, CTPG not only enhanced the
proliferation of splenocytes but also reduced the apoptosis of splenocytes
induced by cisplatin. In H22 tumor mouse model, CTPG combined with cisplatin
further inhibited the growth of H22 cells and reduced the side effects of
cisplatin. Taken together, CTPG inhibited the growth of HCC through direct
antitumor effect and indirect immunoenhancement effect, and improved the
antitumor efficacy of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Yang
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | | | | | | | - Weilan Wang
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yijie Li
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lijie Xia
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Lei H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Cheng T, Mi R, Xu X, Zu X, Zhang W. Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong Rong): A Review of Its Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 68:694-712. [PMID: 32741910 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herba Cistanche, known as Rou Cong Rong in Chinese, is a very valuable Chinese herbal medicine that has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Rou Cong Rong has been extensively used in clinical practice in traditional herbal formulations and has also been widely used as a health food supplement for a long time in Asian countries such as China and Japan. There are many bioactive compounds in Rou Cong Rong, the most important of which are phenylethanoid glycosides. This article summarizes the up-to-date information regarding the phytochemistry, pharmacology, processing, toxicity and safety of Rou Cong Rong to reveal its pharmacodynamic basis and potential therapeutic effects, which could be of great value for its use in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibo Lei
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Rui Mi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Xianpeng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
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21
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Song Y, Zeng K, Jiang Y, Tu P. Cistanches Herba, from an endangered species to a big brand of Chinese medicine. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:1539-1577. [PMID: 33521978 DOI: 10.1002/med.21768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cistanches Herba (CH, Chinese name: Roucongrong), is a very precious, tonic Chinese medicine. Cistanche deserticola and Cistanche tubulosa are the two commonly used species and authenticated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Due to the parasitic nature of Cistanche plants, the wild source was once endangered and listed in the Appendix II of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. However, after continuously struggling in the past decades, CH has grown up to a big brand of Chinese medicine featured with the cultivation area as 1.26 million mu, the annual output as 6000 tons, and the related industrial output value as more than 20 billion China Yuan, attributing to large-scale cultivation and in-depth phytochemical and pharmacological investigations. Noteworthily, great achievements have reached concerning the research and development of relevant products, such as modern drugs, traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and dietary supplements. The current review summarizes the research progresses concerning the distribution and cultivation, phytochemistry, pharmacology, metabolism and product development of CH in the past decades, and the emerging challenges and developing prospects are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Liquid chromatography-three-dimensional mass spectrometry enables confirmative structural annotation of cistanoside F metabolites in rat. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1162:122457. [PMID: 33310479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clarification the existence forms, including prototype and metabolite(s) is the prerequisite for understanding in-depth the therapeutic mechanisms of a given agent, particularly when oral administration. However, it is still a long distance for unambiguous structural identification of metabolites even employing the cutting-edge MS/MS technique, and the determinant obstacle is produced by its inherent isomer-blind disadvantage. To tackle with this drawback, online energy-resolved mass spectrometry (online ER-MS) was introduced to enable isomeric discrimination after that high-resolution MS/MS provided empirical molecular formula as well as substructures. In-depth metabolic characterization of cistanoside F (CF), an effective natural product, was conducted as a proof-of-concept for the new strategy namely three-dimensional MS that was configured by MS1, MS2 and online ER-MS as 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dimensions, respectively. Sensitive metabolite detection was assisted by predictive multiple-reaction monitoring function on Qtrap-MS, and the empirical formulas of all metabolites were calculated from the quasi-molecular ions yielded from IT-TOF-MS. Subsequently, substructures of each metabolite were constructed by combining the calculated element compositions and the well-defined mass fragmentation pathways. Finally, online ER-MS was responsible to generate optimal collision energies for bonds-of-interest, and enabled rational selection among candidate structures. A total of thirteen metabolites were detected and confirmatively identified in rat after oral treatment of CF using LC-3D MS. Acyl-migration, hydrolysis and sulfation played key roles for the metabolic fate of CF. More importantly, LC-3D MS is an eligible tool to achieve confidence-enhanced structural annotation of metabolites in biological matrices because of the unique isomeric differentiation ability from online ER-MS.
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Phenylethaniod glycosides from Orobanche pycnostachya Hance and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tian XY, Li MX, Lin T, Qiu Y, Zhu YT, Li XL, Tao WD, Wang P, Ren XX, Chen LP. A review on the structure and pharmacological activity of phenylethanoid glycosides. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112563. [PMID: 33038797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are compounds made of phenylethyl alcohol, caffeic acid and glycosyl moieties. The first published references about phenylethanoid glycosides concerned the isolation of echinacoside from Echinaceu ungustifolia (Asteraceae) in 1950 and verbascoside from Verbascum sinuatum (Scrophulariaceae) in 1963. Over the past 60 years, many compounds with these structural characteristics have been isolated from natural sources, and most of these compounds possess significant bioactivities, including antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neuro-protective, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory activities, among others. In this review, we will summarize the phenylethanoid glycosides described in recent papers and list all the compounds that have been isolated over the past few decades. We will also attempt to present and assess recent studies about the separation, extraction, determination, and pharmacological activity of the excellent natural components, phenylethanoid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yu Tian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Mao-Xing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health University, Shanghai, 201299, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, 3201 Hospital, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Wen-Di Tao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xia Ren
- Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
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Wu L, Georgiev MI, Cao H, Nahar L, El-Seedi HR, Sarker SD, Xiao J, Lu B. Therapeutic potential of phenylethanoid glycosides: A systematic review. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2605-2649. [PMID: 32779240 DOI: 10.1002/med.21717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are generally water-soluble phenolic compounds that occur in many medicinal plants. Until June 2020, more than 572 PhGs have been isolated and identified. PhGs possess antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, antioxidant, antiviral, and neuroprotective properties. Despite these promising benefits, PhGs have failed to fulfill their therapeutic applications due to their poor bioavailability. The attempts to understand their metabolic pathways to improve their bioavailability are investigated. In this review article, we will first summarize the number of PhGs compounds which is not accurate in the literature. The latest information on the biological activities, structure-activity relationships, mechanisms, and especially the clinical applications of PhGs will be reviewed. The bioavailability of PhGs will be summarized and factors leading to the low bioavailability will be analyzed. Recent advances in methods such as bioenhancers and nanotechnology to improve the bioavailability of PhGs are also summarized. The existing scientific gaps of PhGs in knowledge are also discussed, highlighting research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Hui Cao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, SKL of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacognosy Group, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, SKL of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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Zhang MQ, Ren X, Zhao Q, Yue SJ, Fu XM, Li X, Chen KX, Guo YW, Shao CL, Wang CY. Hepatoprotective effects of total phenylethanoid glycosides from Acanthus ilicifolius L. against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 256:112795. [PMID: 32224197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acanthus ilicifolius L. has been used as a folk medicine in the treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis in China for a long time. Phenylethanoid glycosides are one of main components in A. ilicifolius L. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of present study was to assess the hepatoprotective activities of total phenylethanoid glycosides from A. ilicifolius L. (APhGs) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHOD The APhGs was separated by resin column chromatography. The purity of total phenylethanoid glycosides was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry using acteoside as a standard. The hepatoprotective activities of APhGs against CCl4-induced liver injury were performed on experimental mice and L-02 hepatocytes. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of APhGs were tested in vitro. RESULTS The results showed that pre-administration of APhGs to mice decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in serum, and improved superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum and liver tissue induced by CCl4. Specifically, the SOD activities of APhGs-H and APhGs-M treatment groups were stronger than that of silymarin treatment group. The protective activities of APhGs were confirmed by histopathological results. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis showed that APhGs could remarkably down-regulate the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In vitro experiment, APhGs was observed to increase L-02 hepatocyte viability against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. In addition, antioxidation assays revealed that APhGs showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing ability. CONCLUSION Overall, total phenylethanoid glycosides from A. ilicifolius L. displayed promising hepatoprotective effects. These results offer a support for the medicine uses of A. ilicifolius L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Biosensor of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, China
| | - Xia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; College of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kai-Xian Chen
- Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yue-Wei Guo
- Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chang-Lun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Piwowarczyk R, Ochmian I, Lachowicz S, Kapusta I, Sotek Z, Błaszak M. Phytochemical parasite-host relations and interactions: A Cistanche armena case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137071. [PMID: 32069695 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The holoparasitic genus Cistanche (Orobanchaceae) has been the most widely used and well known genus in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. This is the first study that reports the phytochemical profile of Cistanche armena - an endemic species from Armenia and evaluates the composition and biological activity in relation to specific organs of the parasite (flowers vs stem with tuber) and its interaction with two host species: Alhagi maurorum (Fabaceae) and Salsola dendroides (Chenopodiaceae). We identified polyphenolic compounds using the UPLC-PDA-MS/MS method and quantified the antioxidative effects; inhibitory activities; polyphenol, nitrate III and nitrate V contents; ABTS+, DPPH, and FRAP activities; and colour parameters. A total of 28 polyphenolic compounds were tentatively identified. In C. armena, 9 compounds belonged to the phenylethanoid glycosides, mainly acteoside, B-hydroxyverbascoside and echinacoside, and in its hosts, 19 compounds belonged mainly to hydroxycinnamic acid and the flavanols. The profile of polyphenols in the host species was qualitatively and quantitatively different than the profile of the compounds in the parasite; this indicates the existence of a unique pathway of compound biosynthesis in the parasite. The colour and the amount and bioactivity of the polyphenolic compounds found in Cistanche were very diverse and depended on both the host plant and their location (organs) in the parasite. The stem and tuber of Cistanche hosted by Salsola had the highest polyphenol content, which was approximately 4 times higher than that in the stem and flowers of Cistanche individuals that parasitized A. maurorum. In addition, the stem and tuber of Cistanche that parasitized S. dendroides was characterized by the highest antioxidant activity (ABTS+, DPPH and FRAP) and high inhibitory activities. Conversely, the amount of polyphenols in the host Alhagi was 12 times higher than that in S. dendroides. These results highlight the importance of C. armena as a promising source of functional and bioactive ingredients (harvested from potential cultivation, not from natural endangered localities) and also draws the attention of future researchers to an important aspect regarding the parasite organ and the host's influence on the harvested material of various parasitic herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Piwowarczyk
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7 Street, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Ochmian
- Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Sabina Lachowicz
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37 Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Rzeszów University, Zelwerowicza 4 Street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Zofia Sotek
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16 Street, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Błaszak
- West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Department of Bioengineering, Słowackiego 17 Street, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland.
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Guragac Dereli FT, Genc Y, Saracoglu I, Kupeli Akkol E. Enzyme inhibitory assessment of the isolated constituents from Plantago holosteum Scop. Z NATURFORSCH C 2020; 75:121-128. [PMID: 32267249 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the Plantago genus are widely used in Turkish folk medicine especially for the treatment of wound, abscess, and inflammation. The aqueous extract and five phenylethanoid glycosides acteoside (1), arenarioside (2), echinacoside (3), isoacteoside (4), and leucosceptoside A (5) isolated from the aerial parts and roots of Plantago holosteum Scop. (Plantaginaceae) were tested for their possible inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase, elastase, and collagenase, related to wound pathogenesis. Even though the aqueous extract prepared from the aerial parts (36.26%) and roots (47.01%) and the isolated compounds acteoside (29.13%), echinacoside (28.73%), and isoacteoside (31.69%) exerted a notable inhibition, arenarioside and leucosceptoside A were found inactive in the hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition test. Similar results were obtained from the collagenase enzyme inhibition test. The aqueous extract prepared from the aerial parts (31.09%) and roots (35.17%), echinacoside (25.13%), and isoacteoside (23.85%) exerted a notable inhibition in this test. However, none of the extracts and isolated compounds displayed elastase enzyme inhibitory activity. The experimental data demonstrated that P. holosteum displayed a remarkable enzyme inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase and collagenase. This paper is the first report regarding the in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity of P. holosteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tugce Guragac Dereli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasin Genc
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Iclal Saracoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Kupeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhang SL, Ma L, Zhao J, You SP, Ma XT, Ye XY, Liu T. The Phenylethanol Glycoside Liposome Inhibits PDGF-Induced HSC Activation via Regulation of the FAK/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:E3282. [PMID: 31505837 PMCID: PMC6766902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche tubulosa is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used to regulate immunity, and phenylethanol glycosides (CPhGs) are among the primary components responsible for this activity. However, the application of CPhGs is negatively affected by their poor absorption and low oral utilization. Targeted drug delivery is an important development direction for pharmaceutics. Previous studies have indicated that CPhGs could block the conduction of the signaling pathways in TGF-β1/smad and inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of CPhG liposomes by inhibiting HSC activation, promoting apoptosis, blocking the cell cycle, suppressing the conduction of signaling pathways in focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt), and determining their in vitro hepatoprotective activity. In vitro release studies demonstrated that CPhG liposomes have a sustained release effect compared to drug CPhGs. HSC proliferation was inhibited after treatment with the CPhG liposomes (29.45, 14.72, 7.36 µg/mL), with IC50 values of 42.54 µg/mL in the MTT assay. Different concentrations of the CPhG liposomes could inhibit HSC proliferation, promote apoptosis, and block the cell cycle. The MTT method showed an obvious inhibition of HSC proliferation after CPhG liposome and Recombinant Rat Platelet-derived growth factor-BB(rrPDGF-BB) treatment. The levels of collagen-1, metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and phosphorylated PI3K/Akt were downregulated, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) was upregulated, by pretreatment with different concentrations of CPhG liposomes. Moreover, 29.45 μg/mL of CPhG liposomes could decrease the expression of the FAK protein and the phosphorylated PI3K and Akt protein downstream of FAK by overexpression of the FAK gene. This experiment suggests that CPhG liposomes may inhibit the activation of HSCs by inhibiting FAK and then reducing the expression of phosphorylated Akt/PI3K, thereby providing new insights into the application of CPhGs for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Tianshan District, Xinhua South Road No. 140, Urumqi 830004, China.
| | - Shu-Ping You
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Xiao-Ting Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Ye
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Xinyi Road No.393, Urumqi 830011, China.
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Simultaneous Quantification of Four Phenylethanoid Glycosides in Rat Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study of Acanthus Ilicifolius Herb. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173117. [PMID: 31466218 PMCID: PMC6749432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acanthus ilicifolius herb (AIH), the dry plant of Acanthus ilicifolius L., has long been used as a folk medicine for treating acute and chronic hepatitis. Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are one family of the main components in AIH with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of AIH was investigated preliminarily by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A simultaneously quantitative determination method for four PhGs (acteoside, isoacteoside, martynoside, and crenatoside) in rat plasma was first established by UPLC-MS/MS. These four PhGs were separated with an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) by gradient elution (mobile phase: MeCN and 0.1% formic acid in water, 0.4 mL/min). The mass spectrometry detection was performed using negative electrospray ionization (ESI−) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. By the established method, the preliminary pharmacokinetics of AIH was elucidated using the kinetic parameters of the four PhGs in rat plasma after intragastric administration of AIH ethanol extract. All four PhGs showed double peaks on concentration-time curves, approximately at 0.5 h and 6 h, respectively. Their elimination half-lives (t1/2) were different, ranging from 3.42 h to 8.99 h, although they shared similar molecular structures. This work may provide a basis for the elucidation of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of bioactive components from AIH.
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Morikawa T, Xie H, Pan Y, Ninomiya K, Yuan D, Jia X, Yoshikawa M, Nakamura S, Matsuda H, Muraoka O. A Review of Biologically Active Natural Products from a Desert Plant Cistanche tubulosa. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:675-689. [PMID: 31257323 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An Orobanchaceae plant Cistanche tubulosa (SCHENK) WIGHT (Kanka-nikujuyou in Japanese), which is one of the authorized plant resources as Cistanches Herba in both Japanese and Chinese Pharmacopoeias, is a perennial parasitic plant growing on roots of sand-fixing plants. The stems of C. tubulosa have traditionally been used for treatment of impotence, sterility, lumbago, and body weakness as well as a promoting agent of blood circulation. In recent years, Cistanches Herba has also been widely used as a health food supplement in Japan, China, and Southeast Asian countries. Here we review our recent studies on chemical constituents from the stems of C. tubulosa as well as their bioactivities such as vasorelaxtant, hepatoprotective, and glucose tolerance improving effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University.,Antiaging Center, Kindai University
| | - Haihui Xie
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University.,South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yingni Pan
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Kiyofumi Ninomiya
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University.,Antiaging Center, Kindai University
| | - Dan Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Xiaoguang Jia
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University.,Xinjiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug
| | - Masayuki Yoshikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University.,Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | | | | | - Osamu Muraoka
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University.,Antiaging Center, Kindai University
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Pourmirzaee Sheikhali Kelayeh T, Abedinzade M, Ghorbani A. A review on biological effects of Lamium album (white dead nettle) and its components. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamium album, commonly known as white dead nettle, is a plant in the family of Lamiaceae. This plant is distributed all over Asia, Europe, and Africa. In the traditional medicine of Asia, it has been used for the treatment of a number of diseases such as trauma, fracture, paralysis, leucorrhoea, hypertension women’s pain, uterine hemorrhage, menorrhagia, vaginal and cervical inflammation. In recent years, L. album has been the subject of intensive experimental studies to evaluate its traditional use to reveal new biological properties. A wide range of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties have been reported by these studies. This review presents an up-to-date overview of the current literature on the pharmacological and physiological effects of L. album. Also, phytochemical constituents responsible for the biological properties of L. album are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmood Abedinzade
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Fan X, Chen Y, Li L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lu S, Zhu D, Sheng M. Efficacy of Chinese herb Cistanche Yishen granules in treatment of tinnitus for patients with chronic nephritis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5505-5509. [PMID: 30474893 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Chinese herb Cistanche Yishen granules (CYG) in the treatment of tinnitus for patients with chronic nephritis. METHODS A total of 89 adult patients were diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis from January 2016 to December 2017. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups, such as the control group and the CYG group. The efficacy of tinnitus was determined using tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), pure tone audiometry (PTA), speech reception threshold (SRT), and visual analog scale (VAS) for tinnitus loudness and annoyance. RESULTS In both these two groups of patients, values of THI, PSQI, PTA, SRT, and VAS for tinnitus loudness and annoyance were significantly decreased after the treatment compared with those before treatment. However, all values in CYG group after the treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group. CONCLUSION CYG could apparently release the tinnitus symptoms in the patients with chronic nephritis. This study might give more clinical evidence for Cistanche in the treatment of tinnitus and give a new treatment method for the patients with tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Fan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Department of TÇM, Tongren Hospital Shanghai, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meixiao Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Zhang C, Ma W, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Qin C, Du S, Huang L, Ye F, Chen L, Zheng T. Pharmacokinetics, Bioavailability, and Tissue Distribution Study of Angoroside C and Its Metabolite Ferulic Acid in Rat Using UPLC-MS/MS. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1186. [PMID: 30405411 PMCID: PMC6206173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Angoroside C is a phenylpropanoid glycoside compound isolated from the dried root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., which possesses the effects of preventing ventricular remodeling, reducing pulmonary oedema, and reducing blood pressure, as well as having the properties of anti-platelet aggregation, hepatoprotection and anti-nephritis, etc. However, few investigations have been conducted on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) study of angoroside C. Thus, a fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the determination of angoroside C and its metabolite ferulic acid in rat plasma and tissue homogenate. The two analytes were extracted from the biosamples using a simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The developed method was validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and tissue distribution study after the intragastric administration of angoroside C (100 mg/kg) or the intravenous administration of angoroside C (5 mg/kg), respectively. The results showed that angoroside C can be absorbed extremely quickly (Tmax = 15 min), can be eliminated very rapidly (t1/2 = 1.26 h), and its oral bioavailability is only about 2.1%. Furthermore, angoroside C was extensively distributed in all main organs (liver, heart, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain), and the highest concentration was detected in the lung 15 min after oral administration. This paper also indicated that angoroside C could be converted to the active metabolite ferulic acid in vivo. The maximum concentrations of ferulic acid in the kidney occurred at 6 h after oral administration. In summary, this study explored some of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of angoroside C in vivo, and the data produced could provide a basis for the further investigation of angoroside C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenning Zhang
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Weidong Ma
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qibin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shiyan, China
| | - Caibin Qin
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shiming Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Liangyong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shiyan, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shiyan, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shiyan, China
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Yuan P, Li J, Aipire A, Yang Y, Xia L, Wang X, Li Y, Li J. Cistanche tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides induce apoptosis in H22 hepatocellular carcinoma cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:275. [PMID: 30314494 PMCID: PMC6186088 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) R. Wight is a traditional Chinese medicine that parasitizes the roots of the Tamarix plant and has been used to treat male impotence, sterility, body weakness, and as a tonic. However, its antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma is still elusive. Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of C. tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides (CTPG) on H22 hepatocellular carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo and its mechanisms. METHODS The morphology, viability, apoptosis, cell cycle and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) of H22 cells were analyzed by inverted microscopy, MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression and activation of proteins in apoptosis pathway were detected by Western blot. The in vivo antitumor effect was evaluated in tumor mouse model established using male Kunming mice. RESULTS CTPG treatment significantly suppressed H22 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was correlated with the increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and G2/M phases. Moreover, the chromosomal condensation was observed in CTPG-treated H22 cells. CTPG treatment significantly increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, reduced Δψm and enhanced the release of cytochrome c. The levels of cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-9 in both extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways were significantly increased that sequentially activated caspase-7 and -3 to cleave PARP. Finally, CTPG inhibited the growth of H22 cells in mice and improved the survival rate of tumor mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that CTPG suppressed H22 cell growth through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
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Liu J, Yang L, Dong Y, Zhang B, Ma X. Echinacoside, an Inestimable Natural Product in Treatment of Neurological and other Disorders. Molecules 2018; 23:E1213. [PMID: 29783690 PMCID: PMC6100060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinacoside (ECH), a natural phenylethanoid glycoside, was first isolated from Echinacea angustifolia DC. (Compositae) sixty years ago. It was found to possess numerous pharmacologically beneficial activities for human health, especially the neuroprotective and cardiovascular effects. Although ECH showed promising potential for treatment of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, some important issues arose. These included the identification of active metabolites as having poor bioavailability in prototype form, the definite molecular signal pathways or targets of ECH with the above effects, and limited reliable clinical trials. Thus, it remains unresolved as to whether scientific research can reasonably make use of this natural compound. A systematic summary and knowledge of future prospects are necessary to facilitate further studies for this natural product. The present review generalizes and analyzes the current knowledge on ECH, including its broad distribution, different preparation technologies, poor pharmacokinetics and kinds of therapeutic uses, and the future perspectives of its potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xueqin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Sultana B, Yaqoob S, Zafar Z, Bhatti HN. Escalation of liver malfunctioning: A step toward Herbal Awareness. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:104-119. [PMID: 29309862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE About 2-5% of the world's population is suffering from liver toxicity including Pakistan with the second highest rate of hepatitis prevalence. Liver is a vital body organ which not only performs metabolic activities but also aids in detoxification, storage and digestion of food. Now a day's malnutrition, alcohol consumption and drug addiction are major causes of liver diseases throughout the world. In fact, there is no possible outcome to compensate liver malfunction for long term, and transplantation of liver is the only option left after the irretrievable injury of hepatic function. Subsequently, natural based therapeutic approaches are in the process of scrupulous testing as strong hepatoprotective mediator. In this regard plants are well thought hepatoprotective agents having multiple active components. In this review, based on species' pharmacology and safety we have compiled some plants which show strong hepatoprotective activity, main phytoconstituents with biological activities and few commercially used herbal formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnopharmacological information was gathered by an extensive literature survey like WHO monographs on selected herbal medicinal plants (Vol 1-Vol 4); Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy, Mills S and Bone K, Churchill Livingstone, London, UK; Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Wichtl M Medpharm Press, Stuttgart 3rd edn; Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica Vols 1 and 2, Chang H-M and But P P-H World Scientific, Singapore; British Herbal Compendium Vol. 2, Bradley P British Herbal Medicine Association, Bournemouth, UK; ESCOP Monographs 2nd edn. Thieme, Stuttgart, Germany; as well as by using electronic databases such as Pubchem, Chemspider, http://www.herbal-ahp.org; http://www.ahpa.org; http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2003/9241546271.pdf; http://www.escop.com, Pubmed, HubMed and Scopus. RESULTS Data for more about 29 plants have been accomplished for their bioactive constituent(s), biological activities and medicinal uses. Some of the plants have been identified as strong hepato-modulator. Such knowledge about traditional medicinal plants can be globally applied for safe and evidence based use in pharmacological applications. CONCLUSION With the rise in liver risks a meek struggle has been made to draw attention toward herbal therapy. Hepatoprotective constituents of said plants are expressed with chemical structures. However, for certain plants active constituents are not still isolated/purified but overall plant extract was found effective in providing protection against hepatic injury. As a future perspective, there is need to purify plant active constituents for ethnomedical rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sadaf Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zohaib Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Zhang J, Liang Y, Ip FCF, Ip NY, Liu TT, Zhong BL, Xu SH. Two pairs of unusual melibiose and raffinose esters from Scrophularia ningpoensis. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:255-262. [PMID: 28537094 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1329301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A pair of unusual melibiose esters (1α/1β) and a pair of unusual raffinose esters (2α/2β), were isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis. Structures of them were established by detailed spectroscopic analyses to be 6-O-(E)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α(β)-d-glucopyranose (1α/1β) and 6-O-(E)/(Z)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-fructofuranose (2α/2β), respectively. All these compounds were evaluated for antifouling activity against the settlement of Balanus amphitrite larvae, along with the cytotoxic effect against the proliferation of HeLa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
- c College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Yan Liang
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Fanny C F Ip
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Nancy Y Ip
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Ba-Lian Zhong
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Shi-Hai Xu
- c College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
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Wang N, Ji S, Zhang H, Mei S, Qiao L, Jin X. Herba Cistanches: Anti-aging. Aging Dis 2017; 8:740-759. [PMID: 29344414 PMCID: PMC5758349 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cistanche species ("Rou Cong Rong" in Chinese) is an endangered wild species growing in arid or semi-arid areas. The dried fleshy stem of Cistanches has been used as a tonic in China for many years. Modern pharmacological studies have since demonstrated that Herba Cistanches possesses broad medicinal functions, especially for use in anti-senescence, anti-oxidation, neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, anti-neoplastic, anti-osteoporosis and the promotion of bone formation. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information on Herba Cistanches covering the aspects of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology, to lay ground for fully elucidating the potential mechanisms of Herba Cistanches' anti-aging effect and promote its clinical application as an anti-aging herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningqun Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Shaozhen Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Shanshan Mei
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Lumin Qiao
- Department of Emergency, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region 750001, China.
| | - Xianglan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China.
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Shimada H, Urabe Y, Okamoto Y, Li Z, Kawase A, Morikawa T, Tu P, Muraoka O, Iwaki M. Major constituents of Cistanche tubulosa , echinacoside and acteoside, inhibit sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1-mediated glucose uptake by intestinal epithelial cells. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Yang S, Qu R, Sun P, Xiong S, Yan S, Deng Z. Determination of tubuloside B by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [PMID: 29143972 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tubuloside B, a novel neuroprotective phenylethanoid, is a major active constituent of Cistanche tubulosa and Cistanche deserticola. A specific and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantification of tubuloside B in rat plasma. Sample preparation was conducted through a protein-precipitation extraction with methanol using tubuloside A as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Capcell Pak C18 column (2.0 × 50 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase of methanol-10 mm ammonium acetate buffer (70:30, v/v) in an isocratic elution. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed in negative ionization mode with selected reaction monitoring transitions at m/z 665.1 → 160.9 for tubuloside B, and m/z 827.1 → 160.9 for IS. Calibration curves were linear over the range of 1.64-1640 ng/mL for plasma samples samples (R2 > 0.990). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.64 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day accuracy was between 92.3 and 113.0% with the RSD <9.23% at all LLOQ and quality control levels. Finally, this method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics study of tubuloside B after intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruiying Qu
- Jiaozhou People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Peilu Sun
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Materia Medica, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Materia Medica, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Siyi Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Deng
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Materia Medica, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
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Morikawa T, Imura K, Akagi Y, Muraoka O, Ninomiya K. Ellagic acid glycosides with hepatoprotective activity from traditional Tibetan medicine Potentilla anserina. J Nat Med 2017; 72:317-325. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Nine phenylethanoid glycosides from Magnolia officinalis var. biloba fruits and their protective effects against free radical-induced oxidative damage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45342. [PMID: 28349971 PMCID: PMC5368604 DOI: 10.1038/srep45342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To systematically study the chemical constituents in Magnolia officinalis var. biloba fruits, nine phenylethanoid glycosides were isolated by solvent extraction, silica gel, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analyses, including COSY, HMQC and HMBC correlations, and HPLC analysis of sugar residue. Nine phenylethanoid glycosides, namely, magnoloside Ia (1), magnoloside Ic (2), crassifolioside (3), magnoloside Ib (4), magnoloside IIIa (5), magnoloside IVa (6), magnoloside IIa (7), magnoloside IIb (8) and magnoloside Va (9), were first isolated from the n-butanol fraction of Magnolia officinalis var. biloba fruits alcohol extract. Free radical scavenging activities of the nine phenylethanoid glycosides were assessed using the DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays. Simultaneously, protective effects of all compounds against free radical-induced oxidative damage were evaluated by two different kinds of mitochondrial damage model. The protective effects were assessed by mitochondrial swelling, the formations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). All phenylethanoid glycosides showed significant protective effects.
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Cui Q, Pan Y, Yan X, Qu B, Liu X, Xiao W. A metabolic way to investigate related hurdles causing poor bioavailability in oral delivery of isoacteoside in rats employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:371-380. [PMID: 27859774 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isoacteoside (ISAT), a phenylethanoid glycoside that acts as the principal bioactive component in traditional Chinese medicines, possesses broad pharmacological effects such as neuroprotective, antihypertensive and hepatoprotective activities. However, its pharmaceutical development has been severely limited due to the poor oral bioavailability. It is essential and significant to investigate related hurdles leading to the poor bioavailability of isoacteoside. METHODS Whole animal metabolism studies were conducted in rats, followed by metabolic mechanism including gastrointestinal stability, intestinal flora metabolism and intestinal enzyme metabolism employing the powerful method ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF-MS/MS). RESULTS A simple, rapid and sensitive method has been developed which comprehensively revealed the underlying cause of poor bioavailability of ISAT in a metabolic manner. The prototype of ISAT and its combined metabolites have not been detected in plasma. Furthermore, the residual content of the parent compound in in vitro experiments was approximately 59%, 5% and barely none in intestinal bacteria, intestinal S9 and simulated intestinal juice at 6 h, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present work has demonstrated that the factors causing the poor bioavailability of isoacteoside should be attributed to the metabolism. In general, the metabolism that resulted from intestinal flora and intestinal enzymes were predominant reasons giving rise to the poor bioavailability of ISAT, which also suggested that metabolites might be responsible for the excellent pharmacological effect of ISAT. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bao Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd, Lianyungang, 222001, China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China
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Ninomiya K, Chaipech S, Kunikata Y, Yagi R, Pongpiriyadacha Y, Muraoka O, Morikawa T. Quantitative Determination of Stilbenoids and Dihydroisocoumarins in Shorea roxburghii and Evaluation of Their Hepatoprotective Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E451. [PMID: 28230758 PMCID: PMC5343985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A simultaneous quantitative analytical method for 13 stilbenoids including (-)-hopeaphenol (1), (+)-isohopeaphenol (2), hemsleyanol D (3), (-)-ampelopsin H (4), vaticanols A (5), E (6), and G (7), (+)-α-viniferin (8), pauciflorol A (9), hopeafuran (10), (-)-balanocarpol (11), (-)-ampelopsin A (12), and trans-resveratrol 10-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (13), and two dihydroisocoumarins, phayomphenols A₁ (14) and A₂ (15) in the extract of Shorea roxburghii (dipterocarpaceae) was developed. According to the established protocol, distributions of these 15 polyphenols (1-15) in the bark and wood parts of S. roxburghii and a related plant Cotylelobium melanoxylon were evaluated. In addition, the principal polyphenols (1, 2, 8, 13-15) exhibited hepatoprotective effects against d-galactosamine (d-galN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in mice at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o. To characterize the mechanisms of action, the isolates were examined in in vitro studies assessing their effects on (i) d-GalN-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes; (ii) LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages; and (iii) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cytotoxicity in L929 cells. The mechanisms of action of these polyphenols (1, 2, and 8) were suggested to be dependent on the inhibition of LPS-induced macrophage activation and reduction of sensitivity of hepatocytes to TNF-α. However, none of the isolates reduced the cytotoxicity caused by d-GalN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Ninomiya
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Saowanee Chaipech
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80240, Thailand.
| | - Yusuke Kunikata
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Yagi
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Yutana Pongpiriyadacha
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Thungyai, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80240, Thailand.
| | - Osamu Muraoka
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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Khong DT, Judeh ZMA. Total synthesis of phenylpropanoid glycoside osmanthuside-B6 facilitated by double isomerisation of glucose–rhamnose orthoesters. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2638-2646. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00198c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osmanthuside-B6 was synthesized in 22% overall yield. The synthesis involved a newly discovered glucose–rhamnose orthoester double isomerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Thinh Khong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Zaher M. A. Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
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Zhang W, Huang J, Wang W, Li Q, Chen Y, Feng W, Zheng D, Zhao T, Mao G, Yang L, Wu X. Extraction, purification, characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Cistanche tubulosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:448-458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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48
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Li M, Li Y, Liu W, Li R, Qin C, Liu N, Han J. The preparation of Cistanche phenylethanoid glycosides liquid proliposomes: Optimized formulation, characterization and proliposome dripping pills in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 93:224-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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49
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Li J, Li J, Aipire A, Gao L, Huo S, Luo J, Zhang F. Phenylethanoid Glycosides from Cistanche tubulosa Inhibits the Growth of B16-F10 Cells both in Vitro and in Vivo by Induction of Apoptosis via Mitochondria-dependent Pathway. J Cancer 2016; 7:1877-1887. [PMID: 27698928 PMCID: PMC5039372 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides (CTPG) have been shown various biological activities including anti-allergy, hepatoprotective activity and bone regeneration. However, the anti-tumor activity of CTPG needs to be investigated. CTPG was used to treat B16-F10 cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that CTPG dramatically changed the morphology of B16-F10 cells, and significantly reduced the viability of B16-F10 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, which might be mediated by CTPG-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. After CTPG treatment, the expressions of BAX and BCL-2 were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced and ROS generation was increased. Consequently, the levels of cytochrome c and cleaved-caspase-3 and -9 were up-regulated by CTPG treatment but not for cleaved-caspase-8. We further observed that CTPG significantly inhibited the tumor growth in vivo and improved the survival rate of tumor mice. We also observed that CTPG promoted the proliferation of splenocytes and increased the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleens of tumor mice. The results showed that CTPG induced the apoptosis of B16-F10 cells through mitochondria-dependent pathway, suggesting that CTPG could be a potential candidate for treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Adila Aipire
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Gao
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Uyghur Medical Prescription, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shixia Huo
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Uyghur Medical Prescription, Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Uyghur Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Luo
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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50
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Xue Z, Yang B. Phenylethanoid Glycosides: Research Advances in Their Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2016; 21:E991. [PMID: 27483229 PMCID: PMC6273160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21080991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are widely distributed in traditional Chinese medicines as well as in other medicinal plants, and they were characterized by a phenethyl alcohol (C₆-C₂) moiety attached to a β-glucopyranose/β-allopyranose via a glycosidic bond. The outstanding activity of PhGs in diverse diseases proves their importance in medicinal chemistry research. This review summarizes new findings on PhGs over the past 10 years, concerning the new structures, their bioactivities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antivirus, cytotoxic, immunomodulatory, and enzyme inhibitory effects, and pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xue
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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