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Binns HC, Alipour E, Sherlock CE, Nahid DS, Whitesides JF, Cox AO, Furdui CM, Marrs GS, Kim-Shapiro DB, Cordy RJ. Amino acid supplementation confers protection to red blood cells before Plasmodium falciparum bystander stress. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2552-2564. [PMID: 38537079 PMCID: PMC11131086 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Malaria is a highly oxidative parasitic disease in which anemia is the most common clinical symptom. A major contributor to the malarial anemia pathogenesis is the destruction of bystander, uninfected red blood cells (RBCs). Metabolic fluctuations are known to occur in the plasma of individuals with acute malaria, emphasizing the role of metabolic changes in disease progression and severity. Here, we report conditioned medium from Plasmodium falciparum culture induces oxidative stress in uninfected, catalase-depleted RBCs. As cell-permeable precursors to glutathione, we demonstrate the benefit of pre-exposure to exogenous glutamine, cysteine, and glycine amino acids for RBCs. Importantly, this pretreatment intrinsically prepares RBCs to mitigate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Colvin Binns
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Elmira Alipour
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Dinah S. Nahid
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - John F. Whitesides
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Anderson O’Brien Cox
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Cristina M. Furdui
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Glen S. Marrs
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Regina Joice Cordy
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Blat A, Makowski W, Smenda J, Pięta Ł, Bania M, Zapotoczny S, Malek K. Human erythrocytes under stress. Spectroscopic fingerprints of known oxidative mechanisms and beyond. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124142. [PMID: 38493515 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the oxidative stress-related biochemical alterations in red blood cells (RBCs) and their membranes with the use of spectroscopic techniques. We aimed to show their great advantage for the in situ detection of lipid classes and secondary structures of proteins without the need for their extraction in the cellular environment. The exposition of the cells to peroxides, t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) led to different degradation processes encompassing the changes in the composition of membranes and structural modifications of hemoglobin (Hb). Our results indicated that tBOOH is generally a stronger oxidizing agent than H2O2 and this observation was congruent with the activity of superoxide and glutathione peroxidase. ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopies of membranes revealed that tBOOH caused primarily the partial loss and peroxidation of the lipids resulting in loss of the integrity of membranes. In turn, both peroxides induced several kinds of damage in the protein layer, including the partial decrease of their content and irreversible aggregation of spectrin, ankyrin, and membrane-bound globin. These changes were especially pronounced on the membrane surface where stress conditions induced the formation of β-sheets and intramolecular aggregates, particularly for tBOOH. Interestingly, nano-FTIR spectroscopy revealed the lipid peroxidative damage on the membrane surface in both cases. As far as hemoglobin was concerned, tBOOH and H2O2 caused the increase of the oxyhemoglobin species and conformational alterations of its polypeptide chain into β-sheets. Our findings confirm that applied spectroscopies effectively track the oxidative changes occurring in the structural components of red blood cells and the simplicity of conducting measurements and sample preparation can be readily applied to pharmacological and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Blat
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Makowski
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Smenda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Prof. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Pięta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Prof. S. Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Bania
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Szczepan Zapotoczny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Dey S, Chakraborty I, Biswas P, Paul A, Chakraborty P, Haldar R. Unmasking the morphological alteration of erythrocytes among women suffering from PCOS. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 105:102821. [PMID: 38218172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is frequently observed in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Changes in plasma lipid levels potentially alter erythrocyte membrane lipid composition due to lack of inbuilt lipid synthesis machinery. Therefore, development of morphologically altered erythrocytes in PCOS patients with dyslipidemia is expected. However, this has not been established so far. So, we took this opportunity to explore the morphological alterations among dyslipidemic PCO women. We recruited thirty-five dyslipidemic PCOS women (satisfying Rotterdam criteria, without medication) and twenty-five age-matched healthy controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a significant increase in the number of stomatocytes, acanthocytes, and echinocytes in the PCO group. PCO group showed a considerable decrease in plasma antioxidant levels. Elevated lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and decreased free thiol group in erythrocyte membrane in PCOS suggest oxidative degradation of the erythrocyte membrane. Elevated intracellular ROS levels, increased methemoglobin formation, and a decrease in NADPH methemoglobin reductase in PCOS also indicate altered physicochemical property of hemoglobin due to oxidative overload. Additionally, these patients exhibit a rise in erythrocyte membrane cholesterol and triglyceride, which promotes the membrane to become less fluidic and less fragile. Thus, these results corroborate a potential role in altering erythrocyte morphology among dyslipidemic PCO women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutithi Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Ipsita Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Payel Biswas
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Ayantika Paul
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Pratip Chakraborty
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Dr. B.N. Chakraborty Hospital, HB-36/A/3, 1st Cross Rd, HB Block, Sector III, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Rajen Haldar
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India.
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Orrico F, Laurance S, Lopez AC, Lefevre SD, Thomson L, Möller MN, Ostuni MA. Oxidative Stress in Healthy and Pathological Red Blood Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1262. [PMID: 37627327 PMCID: PMC10452114 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Red cell diseases encompass a group of inherited or acquired erythrocyte disorders that affect the structure, function, or production of red blood cells (RBCs). These disorders can lead to various clinical manifestations, including anemia, hemolysis, inflammation, and impaired oxygen-carrying capacity. Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense mechanisms, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of red cell diseases. In this review, we discuss the most relevant oxidant species involved in RBC damage, the enzymatic and low molecular weight antioxidant systems that protect RBCs against oxidative injury, and finally, the role of oxidative stress in different red cell diseases, including sickle cell disease, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and pyruvate kinase deficiency, highlighting the underlying mechanisms leading to pathological RBC phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Orrico
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (F.O.); (A.C.L.); (M.N.M.)
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Sandrine Laurance
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, F-75014 Paris, France; (S.L.); (S.D.L.)
| | - Ana C. Lopez
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (F.O.); (A.C.L.); (M.N.M.)
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Sophie D. Lefevre
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, F-75014 Paris, France; (S.L.); (S.D.L.)
| | - Leonor Thomson
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Matias N. Möller
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; (F.O.); (A.C.L.); (M.N.M.)
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Mariano A. Ostuni
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, UMR_S1134, BIGR, Inserm, F-75014 Paris, France; (S.L.); (S.D.L.)
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Yadawa AK, Srivastava P, Singh A, Kesherwani R, Bhoumik S, Kumar R, Arya JK, Rizvi SI. Berberine may provide redox homeostasis during aging in rats. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:307-315. [PMID: 37053568 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural phenomenon, which is characterised by progressive physiological changes at cellular and organ level. During aging, the defence mechanism of an organism declines over the period of time. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological efficacy of berberine in D-galactose induced aging rat models. For the study, rats were divided into four groups: Control received only vehicle, BBR received berberine orally, D-Gal received D-galactose subcutaneously and BBR + D-Gal received D-galactose and berberine simultaneously. D-galactose treatment increased the pro-oxidants such as malondialdehyde (MDA) level, protein carbonyl, plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in the erythrocytes or plasma. It reduced the anti-oxidant level such as reduced glutathione (GSH), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), plasma thiols, sialic acid and membrane transporters like Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase activity in the erythrocyte membrane. Co-treatment of berberine in D-galactose induced aging rat models restored pro-oxidants and anti-oxidants in erythrocytes. Berberine also restored the activity of Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase in the erythrocyte membrane. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that berberine treatment could attenuate erythrocyte aging in rats through stabilisation of the redox equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Yadawa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Rashmi Kesherwani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Sukanya Bhoumik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Raushan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
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Ivanov IT, Paarvanova BK. Role of Plasma Membrane at Dielectric Relaxations and Intermembrane Interaction in Human Erythrocytes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:658. [PMID: 37505024 PMCID: PMC10386205 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric relaxations at 1.4 MHz (βsp) and 9 MHz (γ1sp) on the erythrocyte spectrin network were studied by dielectric spectroscopy using dense suspensions of erythrocytes and erythrocyte ghost membranes, subjected to extraction with up to 0.2% volume Triton-X-100. The step-wise extraction of up to 60% of membrane lipids preserved γ1sp and gradually removed βsp-relaxation. On increasing the concentration up to 100 mM of NaCl at either side of erythrocyte plasma membranes, the βsp-relaxation was linearly enhanced, while the strength of γ1sp-relaxation remained unchanged. In media with NaCl between 100 and 150 mM βsp-relaxation became slightly inhibited, while γ1sp-relaxation almost disappeared, possibly due to the decreased electrostatic repulsion allowing erythrocytes to come into closer contact. When these media contained, at concentrations 10-30 mg/mL dextran (MW 7 kDa), polyethylene glycol or polyvinylpyrrolidone (40 kDa), or albumin or homologous plasma with equivalent concentration of albumin, the γ1sp-relaxation was about tenfold enhanced, while βsp-relaxation was strengthened or preserved. The results suggest the Maxwell-Vagner accumulation of ions on the lipid bilayer as an energy source for βsp-relaxation. While βsp-relaxation appears sensitive to erythrocyte membrane deformability, γ1sp-relaxation could be a sensitive marker for the inter-membrane interactions between erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan T Ivanov
- Department of Physics, Biophysics, Roentgenology and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Thracian University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Boyana K Paarvanova
- Department of Physics, Biophysics, Roentgenology and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Thracian University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Wang J, Wang Y, Zhou W, Huang Y, Yang J. Impacts of cigarette smoking on blood circulation: do we need a new approach to blood donor selection? JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:62. [PMID: 37408051 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a major public health problem and is considered the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Gas-phase smoke carries bioactive substances and toxic compounds, affecting human health and reducing life spans. The negative effects of smoking on red blood cell (RBC) quality include destroying RBCs and increasing carboxy hemoglobin (COHb). Smoking increases the concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the blood. Moreover, tobacco smoking has been found to be associated with heightened platelet (PLT)-dependent thrombin level which will induce a prothrombotic state. Smoking may affect the blood circulation of donors, and subsequently the blood components, and ultimately the recipients of transfusion. Nevertheless, there are no restrictions on smoking for volunteer blood donor screenings currently. We reviewed the articles about the influence of smoking on smokers' blood circulation as well as the impact of donated blood products on transfusion when these smokers act as blood donors. We aim to attract blood collection centers' attention to strengthen the management of blood donors who smoke, avoiding their use in massive transfusion protocol and susceptible recipients, especially pediatric ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Luzhou Longmatan District People's Hospital, Luzhou, 625000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Zhou
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanshuai Huang
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Banerjee A, Dey T, Majumder R, Bhattacharya T, Dey S, Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay A. Oleic acid prevents erythrocyte death by preserving haemoglobin and erythrocyte membrane proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 202:17-33. [PMID: 36965537 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Haemolysis of erythrocytes upon exposure to haemato-toxic phenylhydrazine (PHZ), makes it an experimental model of anaemia and a partial model of β-thalassaemia, where oxidative stress (OS) was identified as principal causative factor. Oleic acid (OA) was evidenced to ameliorate such stress with antioxidative potential. Erythrocytes were incubated in vitro using 1 mM PHZ, 0.06 nM OA. Erythrocyte membrane protein densities and haemoglobin (Hb) status were examined. Any interaction of Hb with PHZ/OA was checked by calorimetric and spectroscopic analysis using pure molecules. Occurrence of erythrocyte apoptosis and involvement of free iron in all groups were evaluated. PHZ exposure to erythrocytes results in OS with subsequent apoptosis as evidenced from increased lipid peroxidation and translocation of phosphatidylserine in outer membrane. Preservations of erythrocyte cytoskeletal architecture and membrane bound enzyme activity were found in presence of OA. Moreover, both heme and globin of Hb was examined to be conserved by OA. Presence of OA, impeded apoptosis also, possibly by thwarting Hb breakdown followed by free iron release and consequent free radical generation. Additionally, direct sequential binding of OA with PHZ endorsed another protective mechanism of OA toward erythrocytes. OA affords protection to erythrocytes by conserving its major components and prevents haemolysis which projects OA as a haemato-protective agent. Apart from combating PHZ toxicity, anti-apoptotic action of OA strongly suggests its usage in anaemia and β-thalassaemia patients to curb irreversible erythrocyte breakdown. This research strongly recommends OA in pure form or from dietary sources as a therapeutic against haemolytic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrita Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India; Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Tiyasa Dey
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Romit Majumder
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India; Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Tuhin Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Sanjit Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700009, India.
| | - Aindrila Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata, 700006, India.
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Wagner MP, Chitnis CE. Lipid peroxidation and its repair in malaria parasites. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:200-211. [PMID: 36642689 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
During its life cycle, the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is subjected to elevated levels of oxidative stress that cause damage to membrane lipids, a process referred to as lipid peroxidation. Control and repair of lipid peroxidation is critical for survival of P. falciparum. Here, we present an introduction into lipid peroxidation and review the current knowledge about the control and repair of the damage caused by lipid peroxidation in P. falciparum blood stages. We also review the recent identification of host peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), as a key lipid-peroxidation-repair enzyme in P. falciparum blood stages. Such critical host factors provide novel targets for development of drugs against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Paulus Wagner
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines Unit, Paris, France
| | - Chetan E Chitnis
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines Unit, Paris, France.
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Concerted phenotypic flexibility of avian erythrocyte size and number in response to dietary anthocyanin supplementation. Front Zool 2023; 20:9. [PMID: 36829190 PMCID: PMC9951440 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-023-00487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endurance flight impose substantial oxidative costs on the avian oxygen delivery system. In particular, the accumulation of irreversible damage in red blood cells can reduce the capacity of blood to transport oxygen and limit aerobic performance. Many songbirds consume large amounts of anthocyanin-rich fruit, which is hypothesized to reduce oxidative costs, enhance post-flight regeneration, and enable greater aerobic capacity. While their antioxidant benefits appear most straightforward, the effects of anthocyanins on blood composition remain so far unknown. We fed thirty hand-raised European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) two semisynthetic diets (with or without anthocyanin supplement) and manipulated the extent of flight activity in a wind tunnel (daily flying or non-flying for over two weeks) to test for their interactive effects on functionally important haematological variables. RESULTS Supplemented birds had on average 15% more and 4% smaller red blood cells compared to non-supplemented individuals and these diet effects were independent of flight manipulation. Haemoglobin content was 7% higher in non-supplemented flying birds compared to non-flying birds, while similar haemoglobin content was observed among supplemented birds that were flown or not. Neither diet nor flight activity influenced haematocrit. CONCLUSION The concerted adjustments suggest that supplementation generally improved antioxidant protection in blood, which could prevent the excess removal of cells from the bloodstream and may have several implications on the oxygen delivery system, including improved gas exchange and blood flow. The flexible haematological response to dietary anthocyanins may also suggest that free-ranging species preferentially consume anthocyanin-rich fruits for their natural blood doping, oxygen delivery-enhancement effects.
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Niesor EJ, Nader E, Perez A, Lamour F, Benghozi R, Remaley A, Thein SL, Connes P. Red Blood Cell Membrane Cholesterol May Be a Key Regulator of Sickle Cell Disease Microvascular Complications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1134. [PMID: 36422126 PMCID: PMC9694375 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell membrane lipid composition, especially cholesterol, affects many functions of embedded enzymes, transporters and receptors in red blood cells (RBC). High membrane cholesterol content affects the RBCs' main vital function, O2 and CO2 transport and delivery, with consequences on peripheral tissue physiology and pathology. A high degree of deformability of RBCs is required to accommodate the size of micro-vessels with diameters significantly lower than RBCs. The potential therapeutic role of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the removal of cholesterol and its activity regarding maintenance of an optimal concentration of RBC membrane cholesterol have not been well investigated. On the contrary, the focus for HDL research has mainly been on the clearance of cholesterol accumulated in atherosclerotic macrophages and plaques. Since all interventions aiming at decreasing cardiovascular diseases by increasing the plasma level of HDL cholesterol have failed so far in large outcome studies, we reviewed the potential role of HDL to remove excess membrane cholesterol from RBC, especially in sickle cell disease (SCD). Indeed, abundant literature supports a consistent decrease in cholesterol transported by all plasma lipoproteins in SCD, in addition to HDL, low- (LDL) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL). Unexpectedly, these decreases in plasma were associated with an increase in RBC membrane cholesterol. The concentration and activity of the main enzyme involved in the removal of cholesterol and generation of large HDL particles-lecithin cholesterol ester transferase (LCAT)-are also significantly decreased in SCD. These observations might partially explain the decrease in RBC deformability, diminished gas exchange and tendency of RBCs to aggregate in SCD. We showed that incubation of RBC from SCD patients with human HDL or the HDL-mimetic peptide Fx5A improves the impaired RBC deformability and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. We propose that the main physiological role of HDL is to regulate the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio (C/PL), which is fundamental to the transport of oxygen and its delivery to peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elie Nader
- Laboratory LIBM EA7424, Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell Team, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Anne Perez
- Hartis Pharma SA Nyon, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Alan Remaley
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratory LIBM EA7424, Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell Team, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
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12
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Marshall S, McGill B, Morcrette H, Winlove CP, Chimerel C, Petrov PG, Bokori-Brown M. Interaction of Clostridium perfringens Epsilon Toxin with the Plasma Membrane: The Role of Amino Acids Y42, Y43 and H162. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110757. [PMID: 36356007 PMCID: PMC9694948 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (Etx) is a pore forming toxin that causes enterotoxaemia in ruminants and may be a cause of multiple sclerosis in humans. To date, most in vitro studies of Etx have used the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line. However, studies using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells engineered to express the putative Etx receptor, myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL), suggest that amino acids important for Etx activity differ between species. In this study, we investigated the role of amino acids Y42, Y43 and H162, previously identified as important in Etx activity towards MDCK cells, in Etx activity towards CHO-human MAL (CHO-hMAL) cells, human red blood cells (hRBCs) and synthetic bilayers using site-directed mutants of Etx. We show that in CHO-hMAL cells Y42 is critical for Etx binding and not Y43 as in MDCK cells, indicating that surface exposed tyrosine residues in the receptor binding domain of Etx impact efficiency of cell binding to MAL-expressing cells in a species-specific manner. We also show that Etx mutant H162A was unable to lyse CHO-hMAL cells, lysed hRBCs, whilst it was able to form pores in synthetic bilayers, providing evidence of the complexity of Etx pore formation in different lipid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Marshall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Beth McGill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Helen Morcrette
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - C. Peter Winlove
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Catalin Chimerel
- Automation Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Peter G. Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
- Correspondence: (P.G.P.); (M.B.-B.); Tel.: +44-1392-724139 (P.G.P.)
| | - Monika Bokori-Brown
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
- Correspondence: (P.G.P.); (M.B.-B.); Tel.: +44-1392-724139 (P.G.P.)
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13
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Lechner BD, Smith P, McGill B, Marshall S, Trick JL, Chumakov AP, Winlove CP, Konovalov OV, Lorenz CD, Petrov PG. The Effects of Cholesterol Oxidation on Erythrocyte Plasma Membranes: A Monolayer Study. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:828. [PMID: 36135847 PMCID: PMC9506283 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol plays a key role in the molecular and mesoscopic organisation of lipid membranes and it is expected that changes in its molecular structure (e.g., through environmental factors such as oxidative stress) may affect adversely membrane properties and function. In this study, we present evidence that oxidation of cholesterol has significant effects on the mechanical properties, molecular and mesoscopic organisation and lipid-sterol interactions in condensed monolayers composed of the main species found in the inner leaflet of the erythrocyte membrane. Using a combination of experimental methods (static area compressibility, surface dilatational rheology, fluorescence microscopy, and surface sensitive X-ray techniques) and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we show that oxidation of cholesterol to 7-ketocholesterol leads to stiffening of the monolayer (under both static and dynamic conditions), significant changes in the monolayer microdomain organisation, disruption in the van der Waals, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the sterol and the other lipid species, and the lipid membrane hydration. Surface sensitive X-ray techniques reveal that, whilst the molecular packing mode is not significantly affected by cholesterol oxidation in these condensed phases, there are subtle changes in membrane thickness and a significant decrease in the coherence length in monolayers containing 7-ketocholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob-Dan Lechner
- Department of of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Paul Smith
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, The Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Beth McGill
- Department of of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Skye Marshall
- Department of of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Jemma L. Trick
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, The Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Andrei P. Chumakov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Charles Peter Winlove
- Department of of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Oleg V. Konovalov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian D. Lorenz
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, The Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Peter G. Petrov
- Department of of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
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14
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Langari A, Strijkova V, Komsa-Penkova R, Danailova A, Krumova S, Taneva SG, Giosheva I, Gartchev E, Kercheva K, Savov A, Todinova S. Morphometric and Nanomechanical Features of Erythrocytes Characteristic of Early Pregnancy Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094512. [PMID: 35562904 PMCID: PMC9103795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is estimated to be between 15 and 20% of all adverse pregnancies. Approximately, half of EPL cases have no identifiable cause. Herein, we apply atomic force microscopy to evaluate the alteration of morphology and nanomechanics of erythrocytes from women with EPL with unknown etiology, as compared to healthy pregnant (PC) and nonpregnant women (NPC). Freshly isolated erythrocytes from women with EPL differ in both the roughness value (4.6 ± 0.3 nm, p < 0.05), and Young’s modulus (2.54 ± 0.6 MPa, p < 0.01) compared to the values for NPC (3.8 ± 0.4 nm and 0.94 ± 0.2 MPa, respectively) and PC (3.3 ± 0.2 nm and 1.12 ± 0.3 MPa, respectively). Moreover, we find a time-dependent trend for the reduction of the cells’ morphometric parameters (cells size and surface roughness) and the membrane elasticity—much faster for EPL than for the two control groups. The accelerated aging of EPL erythrocytes is expressed in faster morphological shape transformation and earlier occurrence of spiculated and spherical-shaped cells, reduced membrane roughness and elasticity with aging evolution. Oxidative stress in vitro contributed to the morphological cells’ changes observed for EPL senescent erythrocytes. The ultrastructural characteristics of cells derived from women with miscarriages show potential as a supplementary mark for a pathological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Langari
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Velichka Strijkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. Yordan Malinovski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Regina Komsa-Penkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University—Pleven, Sv. Kliment Ohridski Str. 1, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Avgustina Danailova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Sashka Krumova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Stefka G. Taneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Ina Giosheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
- University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Maichin Dom”, Medical University Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Emil Gartchev
- University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Maichin Dom”, Medical University Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Kamelia Kercheva
- University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Maichin Dom”, Medical University Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexey Savov
- University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology “Maichin Dom”, Medical University Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.G.); (K.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Svetla Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.L.); (V.S.); (A.D.); (S.K.); (S.G.T.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Besedina NA, Skverchinskaya EA, Ivanov AS, Kotlyar KP, Morozov IA, Filatov NA, Mindukshev IV, Bukatin AS. Microfluidic Characterization of Red Blood Cells Microcirculation under Oxidative Stress. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123552. [PMID: 34944060 PMCID: PMC8700079 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcirculation is one of the basic functional processes where the main gas exchange between red blood cells (RBCs) and surrounding tissues occurs. It is greatly influenced by the shape and deformability of RBCs, which can be affected by oxidative stress induced by different drugs and diseases leading to anemia. Here we investigated how in vitro microfluidic characterization of RBCs transit velocity in microcapillaries can indicate cells damage and its correlation with clinical hematological analysis. For this purpose, we compared an SU-8 mold with an Si-etched mold for fabrication of PDMS microfluidic devices and quantitatively figured out that oxidative stress induced by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide splits all RBCs into two subpopulations of normal and slow cells according to their transit velocity. Obtained results agree with the hematological analysis showing that such changes in RBCs velocities are due to violations of shape, volume, and increased heterogeneity of the cells. These data show that characterization of RBCs transport in microfluidic devices can directly reveal violations of microcirculation caused by oxidative stress. Therefore, it can be used for characterization of the ability of RBCs to move in microcapillaries, estimating possible side effects of cancer chemotherapy, and predicting the risk of anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda A. Besedina
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.B.); (K.P.K.); (I.A.M.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Elisaveta A. Skverchinskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (E.A.S.); (I.V.M.)
| | - Alexander S. Ivanov
- Institute of Physics and Mechanics, Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Konstantin P. Kotlyar
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.B.); (K.P.K.); (I.A.M.); (N.A.F.)
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the RAS, 190103 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan A. Morozov
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.B.); (K.P.K.); (I.A.M.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Nikita A. Filatov
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.B.); (K.P.K.); (I.A.M.); (N.A.F.)
| | - Igor V. Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (E.A.S.); (I.V.M.)
| | - Anton S. Bukatin
- Laboratory of Renewable Energy Sources, Alferov Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.B.); (K.P.K.); (I.A.M.); (N.A.F.)
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of the RAS, 190103 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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16
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The effects of short term hyperglycemia on human red blood cells studied using Raman spectroscopy and optical trap. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2021; 50:867-876. [PMID: 34110463 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Management of postprandial hyperglycemia is important for preventing severe complications like cardiovascular disease in diabetes patients. The associated glycemic instability in postprandial hyperglycemia may also cause disorders in circulating red blood cells (RBCs). Therefore, effects of short-term hyperglycemic stress on RBCs such as occur in the postprandial condition, have been studied here ex vivo using single-cell Raman spectroscopy and optical trapping. RBCs incubated in high glucose containing media relevant to postprandial hyperglycemia were studied for changes with respect to controls by analyzing the single-cell Raman spectra acquired with Raman optical tweezers with 532 nm excitation light. Use of 532 nm light for exciting Raman spectra also results in simultaneous photoreduction of intracellular hemoglobin (Hb). The level of photoreduction was noticed to be limited in hyperglycemia-exposed cells in comparison to the control. Since this suggests formation of permanently oxidized Hb in hyperglycemia-exposed RBCs, a fluorescence study was performed which showed elevated levels of oxidative stress in these cells. The changes in the RBC membrane, which may result due to higher levels of oxidative stress, were investigated using optical stretching experiments under the laser trap. The results indicated a loss of elasticity for the RBC membrane due to hyperglycemic exposure.
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17
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Gómez F, Silva LS, Araújo GRDS, Frases S, Pinheiro AAS, Agero U, Pontes B, Viana NB. Effect of cell geometry in the evaluation of erythrocyte viscoelastic properties. Phys Rev E 2021; 101:062403. [PMID: 32688571 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.062403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The red blood cell membrane-cytoskeleton is a complex structure mainly responsible for giving the cell rigidity and shape. It also provides the erythrocyte with the ability to pass through narrow capillaries of the vertebrate blood circulatory system. Although the red blood cell viscoelastic properties have been extensively studied, reported experimental data differ by up to three orders of magnitude. This could be attributed to the natural cell variability, to the different techniques employed, and also to the models used for the cell response, which are highly dependent on cell geometry. Here, we use two methodologies based on optical tweezers to investigate the viscoelastic behavior of healthy human red blood cells, one applying small cell deformations (microrheology) and another imposing large deformations (tether extraction). We also establish a defocusing microscopy-based method to characterize the cell geometry and thus the erythrocyte form factor, an essential parameter that allows comparisons among the viscoelastic properties at different conditions. Moreover, for small deformations, a soft glassy rheology model is used to discuss the results, while for large deformations two surface shear moduli and one surface viscosity are determined, together with the surface tension and bending modulus of the erythrocyte membrane lipid component. We also show that F-actin is not detected in tethers, although the erythrocyte membrane has physical properties like those of other adherent cells, known to have tethers containing F-actin inside. Altogether, our results show good agreement with the reported literature and we argue that, to properly compare the viscoelastic properties of red blood cells in different situations, the task of cell geometry characterization must be accomplished. This may be especially important when the influence of agents, like the malaria parasite, induces changes in both the geometry and chemical constituents of the erythrocyte membrane. Together, the new methodologies and procedures used in this study would allow the erythrocyte community to better explore the mechanical behavior of red blood cells and may be useful to characterize erythrocyte viscoelasticity changes in several blood diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fran Gómez
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.,LPO-COPEA, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.,CENABIO - Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandro S Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Susana Frases
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Acacia S Pinheiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Ubirajara Agero
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pontes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.,LPO-COPEA, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.,CENABIO - Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Nathan Bessa Viana
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.,LPO-COPEA, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.,CENABIO - Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
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18
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Tripathi SS, Singh AK, Akhtar F, Chaudhary A, Rizvi SI. Metformin protects red blood cells against rotenone induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:102-111. [PMID: 31155970 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1620288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The anti-diabetic medicine metformin has been reported as an anti-ageing drug candidate as it mimics the benefits of caloric restriction and reduces ageing-related oxidative stress in various experimental organisms. OBJECTIVE We investigated the possible anti-oxidative role of metformin against rotenone-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in erythrocytes of Wistar rats. Rotenone is a well-known inducer of oxidative stress which leads to a cellular redox imbalance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have co-exposed the experimental rats with rotenone (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and metformin (300 mg/kg, orally) for 30 days to investigate the protective effects of metformin on various rotenone-induced impaired oxidative stress biomarkers in rat erythrocytes. RESULTS We found that a significant alleviation in the levels of rotenone-induced pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant markers following exposure of metformin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that metformin supplementation shows a protective role in against rotenone-induced redox imbalance and cytotoxicity in rat erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farhan Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Ankita Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
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19
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Gironi B, Kahveci Z, McGill B, Lechner BD, Pagliara S, Metz J, Morresi A, Palombo F, Sassi P, Petrov PG. Effect of DMSO on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of Model and Biological Membranes. Biophys J 2020; 119:274-286. [PMID: 32610089 PMCID: PMC7376087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used in a number of biological and biotechnological applications, mainly because of its effects on the cell plasma membrane, but the molecular origins of this action are yet to be fully clarified. In this work, we used two- and three-component synthetic membranes (liposomes) and the plasma membrane of human erythrocytes to investigate the effect of DMSO when added to the membrane-solvating environment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal fluctuation spectroscopy revealed significant differences in the response of the two types of liposome systems to DMSO in terms of the bilayer thermotropic behavior, available free volume of the bilayer, its excess surface area, and bending elasticity. DMSO also alters the mechanical properties of the erythrocyte membrane in a concentration-dependent manner and is capable of increasing membrane permeability to ATP at even relatively low concentrations (3% v/v and above). Taken in its entirety, these results show that DMSO is likely to have a differential effect on heterogeneous biological membranes, depending on their local composition and structure, and could affect membrane-hosted biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Gironi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Zehra Kahveci
- Living Systems Institute and School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Beth McGill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Bob-Dan Lechner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Pagliara
- Living Systems Institute and School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Metz
- Living Systems Institute and School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Assunta Morresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Palombo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Sassi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Peter G Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
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20
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Assessment of Changes in the Hemoglobin Level under the Influence of Comprehensive Spa Therapy Using Therapeutic Radon-Sulfur Waters and Its Correlation with Free Radical Reactions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4637129. [PMID: 32774419 PMCID: PMC7391107 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4637129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Hemoglobin is a protein present in erythrocytes of higher organisms. Its main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs. Hemoglobin contains Fe2+, catalyzes free radical reactions, and may initiate oxidation reactions by enzymatic and nonenzymatic degradation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of balneophysiotherapy on the hemoglobin level in osteoarthritis patients and to try to assess the association of those metabolic changes with free radical reactions. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in Przerzeczyn-Zdrój spa resort. It included patients receiving spa treatment over 21-day sessions. The studied group consisted of n = 122 patients with joint and back pain due to osteoarthritis or disc herniation. Their age ranged between 32 and 67 years with a mean age of 53.5. Blood samples were collected before treatment and after 21 days at the spa. Standard tests were used. The results were statistically analyzed using the sign test and the Wilcoxon test. Results. In the study group, we observed a drop in the hemoglobin level following spa treatment. Before treatment, the mean hemoglobin level was 14.1549 g%, and after treatment, it was 14.0008 g%. Conclusions. (1) In the study, we concluded that balneophysiotherapy in osteoarthritis patients resulted in a decrease in the mean hemoglobin level. (2) The decrease in the mean hemoglobin level in osteoarthritis patients treated at the spa resort may indicate an association with free radical reactions. This trial was registered with NCT03405350.
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21
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Shen C, Jiang L, Long X, Dahl KN, Meng Q. Cells with Higher Cortical Membrane Tension Are More Sensitive to Lysis by Biosurfactant Di-rhamnolipids. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:352-357. [PMID: 33463232 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue and cellular stiffening is associated with pathologies including fibrosis and cancer. Healthy cells also exhibit a wide range of membrane cortical tensions, which have been studied in the field of mechanobiology. Here, we quantify the mechanosensitivity of the lysis agent the di-rhamnolipid (RHA), which is a bacterially produced biosurfactant. RHA exhibited selective lysis correlated strongly with cortical membrane tension in osteoblasts, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and erythrocytes. Reducing cortical membrane tension by cytoskeleton inhibitors (cytochalasin D and nocodazole) or osmotic regulators (sucrose, polyethylene glycol, and nonionic surfactants) attenuated the RHA toxicity. The selective toxicity of RHA toward human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells over healthy blood cells suggests a potential therapy for blood cancer. Targeted killing of myofibroblasts transformed from either fibroblasts or epithelial cells indicates its antifibrotic effect. Combined, these studies showed the potential for specific targeting of cells with differential mechanical properties rather than chemical or biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lifang Jiang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xuwei Long
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kris Noel Dahl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Doherty Hall 2100C 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Qin Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
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Yang Q, Noviana M, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang X. Effect of curcumin extract against oxidative stress on both structure and deformation capability of red blood cell. J Biomech 2019; 95:109301. [PMID: 31443943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The normal deformability of erythrocytes plays an important role in ensuring blood mobility, erythrocyte longevity, and microcirculation, which is the ability of erythrocytes to change shapes in response to external forces. However, the effects of curcumin extracts on the deformability of erythrocytes have not yet been evaluated. Accordingly, in this study, we explored the effects of pre-treatment with curcumin extract on erythrocyte deformation and erythrocyte band 3 (SLC4A1; EB3) expression. We also evaluated the associations between EB3 expression and erythrocyte deformability induced by hydrogen peroxide. Blood samples were divided into the control group, pre-treatment group (treated with curcumin extract or vitamin C), and negative control group, and oxidant stress parameters, antioxidant status, erythrocyte deformability and elasticity, and EB3 modifications were evaluated using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased oxidative stress parameters, modulus elasticity values and clustered EB3 levels and induced conjugation of membrane proteins to form high-molecular-weight complexes (p < 0.05). Erythrocyte deformability and elasticity were significantly decreased in the treated groups compared with those in the control group. Overall, our findings suggested that pre-treatment with curcumin extracts increased antioxidant status, reduced EB3 cross-linking, and improved erythrocyte deformability, to an even better extent than vitamin C. These results provide important insights into the effects of treatment with curcumin extracts on erythrocyte damage and suggest that curcumin may have applications in antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Milody Noviana
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yajin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Liu J, Zhu L, Zhang F, Dong M, Qu X. Microdeformation of RBCs under oxidative stress measured by digital holographic microscopy and optical tweezers. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:4042-4046. [PMID: 31158157 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.004042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper utilized digital holographic microscopy and optical tweezers to study microdeformation of red blood cells (RBCs) dynamically under oxidative stress. RBCs attached with microbeads were stretched by dual optical tweezers to generate microdeformation. Morphology of RBCs under manipulation were recorded dynamically and recovered by off-axis digital holographic microscopy method. RBCs treated with H2O2 at different concentrations were measured to investigate the mechanical properties under oxidative stress. Use of optical tweezers and off-axis digital holographic microscopy enhanced measuring accuracy compared with the traditional method. Microdeformation of RBCs is also more consistent with the physiological situation. This proposal is meaningful for clinical applications and basic analysis of Parkinson's disease research.
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The Influence of Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants on Morphometric Parameters of Red Blood Cells, the Hemoglobin Oxygen Binding Capacity, and the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2109269. [PMID: 30792991 PMCID: PMC6354144 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2109269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using a wide range of different physical and chemical methods, it was found that the oxidative stress caused by addition of hydrogen peroxide to the incubation medium has a significant effect on the conformation of haematoporphyrin, influencing the oxygen-binding properties of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Morphofunctional characteristics of red blood cells change; in particular, we have observed the transformation of erythrocytes, their transition into echinocytes. In erythrocytes, in response to increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) antioxidant enzymes become active. The use of natural antioxidants (β-carotene and resveratrol) works towards reducting the level of oxidative processes. Resveratrol has the greatest antioxidant effect.
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25
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Brown JL, Yates EA, Bielecki M, Olczak T, Smalley JW. Potential role for Streptococcus gordonii-derived hydrogen peroxide in heme acquisition by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2019; 33:322-335. [PMID: 29847019 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus gordonii, an accessory pathogen and early colonizer of plaque, co-aggregates with many oral species including Porphyromonas gingivalis. It causes α-hemolysis on blood agar, a process mediated by H2 O2 and thought to involve concomitant oxidation of hemoglobin (Hb). Porphyromonas gingivalis has a growth requirement for heme, which is acquired mainly from Hb. The paradigm for Hb heme acquisition involves the initial oxidation of oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) to methemoglobin (metHb), followed by heme release and extraction through the actions of K-gingipain protease and/or the HmuY hemophore-like protein. The ability of S. gordonii to mediate Hb oxidation may potentially aid heme capture during co-aggregation with P. gingivalis. Hemoglobin derived from zones of S. gordonii α-hemolysis was found to be metHb. Generation of metHb from oxyHb by S. gordonii cells was inhibited by catalase, and correlated with levels of cellular H2 O2 production. Generation of metHb by S. gordonii occurred through the higher Hb oxidation state of ferrylhemoglobin. Heme complexation by the P. gingivalis HmuY was employed as a measure of the ease of heme capture from metHb. HmuY was able to extract iron(III)protoporphyrin IX from metHb derived from zones of S. gordonii α-hemolysis and from metHb generated by the action of S. gordonii cells on isolated oxyHb. The rate of HmuY-Fe(III)heme complex formation from S. gordonii-mediated metHb was greater than from an equivalent concentration of auto-oxidized metHb. It is concluded that S. gordonii may potentially aid heme acquisition by P. gingivalis by facilitating metHb formation in the presence of oxyHb.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Brown
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E A Yates
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Bielecki
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - T Olczak
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - J W Smalley
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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26
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Cwynar A, Olszewska-Słonina D, Czajkowski R, Zegarska B, Białecka A, Męcińska-Jundziłł K, Piskorska E, Lampka M. Investigation of oxidative stress in patients with alopecia areata by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde and ceruloplasmin in the blood. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018; 35:572-576. [PMID: 30618523 PMCID: PMC6320487 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2017.68047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, inflammatory and autoimmune disease, presenting with non-scarring hair loss. Although the precise etiopathogenesis of AA remains unknown, oxidative stress is thought to play a role. AIM To investigate the role of oxidative stress in AA by measuring the levels of plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ceruloplasmin (CER) in serum. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 24 AA patients and a control group consisting of 24 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The levels of MDA and CER were measured and compared between groups. RESULTS Plasma MDA levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with AA compared with controls. No significant difference was observed in MDA erythrocyte levels (p = 0.990) between the study group and the control group. Ceruloplasmin level was higher in the AA group, but this increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.156). CONCLUSIONS Patients with AA displayed significant plasma MDA levels, which could lead to damage in erythrocytes exposed to high concentrations of free radicals. These results demonstrate the presence of an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system and support the concept of a possible role of oxidative stress in AA etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cwynar
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Olszewska-Słonina
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Rafał Czajkowski
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Disorders and Immunodermatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Barbara Zegarska
- Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Dermatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Białecka
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Disorders and Immunodermatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Kaja Męcińska-Jundziłł
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Disorders and Immunodermatology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Piskorska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lampka
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
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Benson TW, Weintraub NL, Kim HW, Seigler N, Kumar S, Pye J, Horimatsu T, Pellenberg R, Stepp DW, Lucas R, Bogdanov VY, Litwin SE, Brittain JE, Harris RA. A single high-fat meal provokes pathological erythrocyte remodeling and increases myeloperoxidase levels: implications for acute coronary syndrome. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1300-1310. [PMID: 29572498 PMCID: PMC6342280 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat meal (HFM) consumption can produce acute lipemia and trigger myocardial infarction in patients with atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs) intimately interact with inflammatory cells and blood vessels and play a complex role in regulating vascular function. Chronic high-fat feeding in mice induces pathological RBC remodeling, suggesting a novel link between HFM, RBCs, and vascular dysfunction. However, whether acute HFM can induce RBC remodeling in humans is unknown. Ten healthy individuals were subjected to biochemical testing and assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before and after a single HFM or iso-caloric meal (ICM). Following the HFM, triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty acid levels were all significantly increased, in conjunction with impaired post-prandial FMD. Additionally, peripheral blood smears demonstrated microcytes, remodeled RBCs, and fatty monocytes. Increased intracellular ROS and nitration of protein band 3 was detected in RBCs following the HFM. The HFM elevated plasma and RBC-bound myeloperoxidase (MPO), which was associated with impaired FMD and oxidation of HDL. Monocytic cells exposed to lipid in vitro released MPO, while porcine coronary arteries exposed to fatty acids ex vivo took up MPO. We demonstrate in humans that a single HFM induces pathological RBC remodeling and concurrently elevates MPO, which can potentially enter the blood vessel wall to trigger oxidative stress and destabilize vulnerable plaques. These novel findings may have implications for the short-term risk of HFM consumption and alimentary lipemia in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W Benson
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Nichole Seigler
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jonathan Pye
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tetsuo Horimatsu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Rod Pellenberg
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - David W Stepp
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Vladimir Y Bogdanov
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sheldon E Litwin
- Cardiology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Julia E Brittain
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Ryan A Harris
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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Jówko E, Różański P, Tomczak A. Effects of a 36-h Survival Training with Sleep Deprivation on Oxidative Stress and Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Young Healthy Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2066. [PMID: 30241324 PMCID: PMC6211103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze changes in oxidative stress and muscle damage markers during a 36-h survival training combined with sleep deprivation. The study included 23 male students of physical education (specialty: Physical Education for Uniformed Services), randomly divided into the survival or control group. The students in the survival group completed a 36-h survival training with moderate to low physical activity, without the possibility to sleep. The students in the control group performed only physical activity included in daily routines and had a normal sleep pattern. No significant changes in measured parameters were seen in the control group throughout the study period. In the survival group, plasma lipid hydroperoxides (LHs) and creatine kinase (CK) activity increased at 24 h and remained elevated up to 36 h (main effects for LHs: time, p = 0.006 and group × time, p = 0.00008; main effects for CK: time, p = 0.000001, group, p = 0.005, and group × time, p = 0.000001). A 12-h recovery was sufficient to normalize both LHs and CK to the pre-training level; in fact, the post-recovery LHs and CK levels were even lower than at baseline. Residual total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma (without the major constituents: uric acid and albumin) was elevated at both 24 h and 36 h of survival training, but not following a 12-h recovery (main effects: group, p = 0.001 and group × time, p = 0.04). In turn, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in whole blood and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes decreased between 24 h and 36 h of survival training (main group effect for GPx, p = 0.038 and SOD, p = 0.045). In conclusion, these findings imply that a 36-h survival training with sleep deprivation impairs enzymatic antioxidant defense, increases lipid peroxidation, and induces muscle damage. Our findings also indicate that at least in the case of young physically active men, a 12-h recovery after the 36-h period of physical activity with sleep deprivation may be sufficient for the normalization of oxidative and muscle damage markers and restoration of blood prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jówko
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport in Biała Podlaska, University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland.
| | - Paweł Różański
- Department of Uniformed Services and Combat Sports, University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Tomczak
- Department of Uniformed Services and Combat Sports, University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warszawa, Poland.
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Jabri MA, Marzouki L, Sebai H. Myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract abrogates chronic alcohol consumption-induced erythrocytes osmotic stability disturbance, haematological and biochemical toxicity. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:94. [PMID: 29685140 PMCID: PMC5913868 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the effects of chronic alcohol consumption in the rat erythrocytes membrane as well as the involvement of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in its pathogenicity in rats and evaluated the ameliorating effects of myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract (MBSAE). METHODS Fifty adult male Wistar rats were equally divided into five groups and treated daily for two months as follows: control, ethanol (3 g kg- 1 b.w., p.o.), and ethanol + MBSAE (25, 50 and 100 mg kg- 1, b.w., p.o.). RESULTS Exposure of rats to alcohol caused significant changes of some haematological parameters, enhanced erythrocytes hemolysis as well as an overproduction of reactive oxygen species such as H2O2, OH• radical and superoxide anion, hence the increase of lipoperoxidation and the depletion of antioxidant enzymes activity as well as non-enzymatic antioxidant (-SH groups and GSH) levels. On the other hand, ethanol intoxication caused the increase of serum TNFα, IL-8, IL-6 and 1Lβ, markers of tissue inflammation. However, treatment with MBSAE alleviated all the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS MBSAE possess active compounds, which exert marked protective effects in chronic alcohol intoxication, possibly by regulating the erythrocytes osmotic stability as well as antioxidant and inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 -9000, Béja, Tunisia.
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 -9000, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 -9000, Béja, Tunisia
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30
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A human whole blood chemically modified electrode for the hydrogen peroxide reduction and sensing: Real-time interaction studies of hemoglobin in the red blood cell with hydrogen peroxide. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Quiles JL, Varela-Lopez A, Aranda P. Effect of α-tocopherol megadoses on hematologic parameters and antioxidant capacity of rats in an ultraendurance probe. Physiol Int 2017; 104:291-300. [PMID: 29278023 DOI: 10.1556/2060.104.2017.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to analyze the effect of two different megadoses of α-tocopherol (vit E) in the antioxidant activity and red and white blood series of Wistar rats after a 180-min ultraendurance probe. Three groups of 10 rats were analyzed; VEAG: acute administration of a megadoses of 5,000 IU/kg of vit E the day before the probe; VECG: chronic administration of 1,000 IU/kg/day of vit E for 6 days before the probe; CG: placebo administration. VEAG presented white cells, red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin values significantly higher than CG and VECG (p < 0.05). The mean corpuscular hemoglobin and lymphocytes concentrations were significantly higher in the VECG than in the other two groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, VEAG presented a significantly higher vit E blood concentration than VECG and CG (p < 0.05), and VECG than CG (p < 0.05). Finally, we found a significantly positive correlation between trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and red blood cells concentration (r = 0.374) and a significantly inverse correlation between TEAC and blood lactate concentration (r = -0.365). Our findings suggest that acute vit E megadoses could protect against transitory sport anemia symptoms and increase the white blood cell count in comparison with the chronic dose and control groups after an ultraendurance probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Clemente-Suárez
- 1 Applied Psychophysiological Research Group, European University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - J Mielgo-Ayuso
- 2 Infine Research Group, Department of Health and Sport Performance, INEF, Polytechnic University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Quiles
- 3 Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", University of Granada , Granada, Spain
| | - A Varela-Lopez
- 3 Department of Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", University of Granada , Granada, Spain
| | - P Aranda
- 4 Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, University of Granada , Granada, Spain
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32
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Patel YS, Mehra S. Synergistic Response of Rifampicin with Hydroperoxides on Mycobacterium: A Mechanistic Study. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2075. [PMID: 29163385 PMCID: PMC5671503 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged chemotherapy as well as rapid development of antimicrobial resistance are two of the major concerns for treatment of mycobacterial infections. To enhance the effectiveness of current drug regimens, search for compounds having synergistic interaction with anti-mycobacterial drugs has become indispensable. Here, we have investigated the intervention by oxidative stress, a major factor in mycobacterial pathogenesis, in combination with rifampicin (RIF), a first-line drug used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We have observed that a sub-inhibitory concentration of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), a hydrophobic oxidant, synergistically reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of RIF by fourfold, with a Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) of 0.45. Also, this interaction was found to be robust and synergistic against different strains of M. smegmatis as well as on M. bovis BCG, with FICI ranging from 0.3 to 0.6. Various physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters were explored to understand the mechanism of synergy. It was observed that increased membrane permeability owing to the presence of the oxidant, led to higher uptake of the drug. Moreover, downregulation of the hydroperoxide reductases by RIF, a transcriptional inhibitor, prevented quenching of the reactive oxygen species produced in the presence of CHP. The lipid soluble reactive species triggered autocatalytic lipid peroxidation (LPO), observed here as extensive membrane damage eventually leading to growth inhibition. Furthermore, it was seen that in combination with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the effect was only additive, establishing LPO as a key aspect leading toward synergism. To conclude, this work suggests that targeting the bacterial membrane by a radical species can have a significant impact on the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarika Mehra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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33
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Li C, Li Z, Xun S, Jiang P, Yan R, Chen M, Hu F, Rupp RA, Zhang X, Pan L, Xu J. Protection of the biconcave profile of human erythrocytes against osmotic damage by ultraviolet-A irradiation through membrane-cytoskeleton enhancement. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17040. [PMID: 28729912 PMCID: PMC5512140 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To perform various physiological functions, erythrocytes possess a unique biconcave shape provided by a special architecture of the membrane-skeleton system. In the present work, we use a simple irradiation method to treat human erythrocytes with 365 nm ultraviolet-A (UVA) light at the single-cell level in vitro. Depending on the irradiation dose, UVA show protection of the biconcave profile against the detrimental action of distilled water. This protective effect can also be confirmed for saponin that damages the membrane-skeleton by vesiculation and pore formation. Interestingly, at two irradiation doses of UVA pretreatment, erythrocytes still seem to exhibit cell viability as tested by trypan blue assay even if distilled water or saponin is added. The oxidants hydrogen peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide partly simulate the protective effects. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 365 nm UVA irradiation can protect the biconcave profile of human erythrocytes through membrane-skeleton enhancement associated with a production of oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheming Li
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Xun
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengchong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mincai Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, PLA 307 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Romano A Rupp
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Leiting Pan
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biological Therapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Jeon HJ, Lee H, Yoon DS, Kim BM. Dielectrophoretic force measurement of red blood cells exposed to oxidative stress using optical tweezers and a microfluidic chip. Biomed Eng Lett 2017; 7:317-323. [PMID: 30603182 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-017-0041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) dysfunction is often associated with a pathological intervention, and it has been proposed as a critical risk factor for certain lethal diseases. Examining the cell viability of RBCs under various physiological conditions is essential and of importance for precise diagnosis and drug discovery in the field of medicine and pharmacy. In this paper, we report a new analytical method that employs dielectrophoretic (DEP) force measurements in absolute units to assess the viability, and potentially the functionality of RBCs. We precisely quantify the frequency-dependent DEP forces of the RBCs by using a micro-electrode embedded chip combined with optical tweezers. DEP characteristics are known to be well-correlated with the viability of biological cells, and DEP forces are measured in both fresh and long-term stored RBCs to investigate the effect that the storage period has on the cell viability. Moreover, we investigate the DEP behavior of RBCs when exposed to oxidative stress and verify whether EDTA protects the RBCs from an oxidant. From the experiments, it is found that the fresh RBCs without oxidative stress display very high DEP forces over the entire frequency range, exhibiting two cutoff frequencies. However, both the RBCs stored for the long-term period and exposed to oxidative stress reveals that there exist no significant DEP forces over the frequency range. The results indicate that the DEP forces can serve as a useful parameter to verify whether the RBCs in certain blood are fresh and not exposed to oxidative stress. Therefore, it is believed that our system can be applied to a diagnostic system to monitor the cell viability of the RBCs or other types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jae Jeon
- 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Korea.,2Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005 Korea
| | - Hyungbeen Lee
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493 South Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Beop-Min Kim
- 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Korea
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Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 triggers a biophysical change in the red blood cell that facilitates invasion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4225-4230. [PMID: 28373555 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620843114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion of the red blood cell (RBC) by the Plasmodium parasite defines the start of malaria disease pathogenesis. To date, experimental investigations into invasion have focused predominantly on the role of parasite adhesins or signaling pathways and the identity of binding receptors on the red cell surface. A potential role for signaling pathways within the erythrocyte, which might alter red cell biophysical properties to facilitate invasion, has largely been ignored. The parasite erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA175), a protein required for entry in most parasite strains, plays a key role by binding to glycophorin A (GPA) on the red cell surface, although the function of this binding interaction is unknown. Here, using real-time deformability cytometry and flicker spectroscopy to define biophysical properties of the erythrocyte, we show that EBA175 binding to GPA leads to an increase in the cytoskeletal tension of the red cell and a reduction in the bending modulus of the cell's membrane. We isolate the changes in the cytoskeleton and membrane and show that reduction in the bending modulus is directly correlated with parasite invasion efficiency. These data strongly imply that the malaria parasite primes the erythrocyte surface through its binding antigens, altering the biophysical nature of the target cell and thus reducing a critical energy barrier to invasion. This finding would constitute a major change in our concept of malaria parasite invasion, suggesting it is, in fact, a balance between parasite and host cell physical forces working together to facilitate entry.
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Silva CAL, Azevedo Filho CA, Pereira G, Silva DCN, Castro MCAB, Almeida AF, Lucena SCA, Santos BS, Barjas-Castro ML, Fontes A. Vitamin E nanoemulsion activity on stored red blood cells. Transfus Med 2017; 27:213-217. [PMID: 28230298 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stored red blood cells (RBCs) undergo numerous changes that have been termed RBC storage lesion, which can be related to oxidative damage. Vitamin E is an important antioxidant, acting on cell lipids. Thus, this study aimed to investigate vitamin E activity on stored RBCs. METHODS We prepared a vitamin E nanoemulsion that was added to RBC units and stored at 4 °C. Controls, without vitamin E, were kept under the same conditions. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was monitored for up to 35 days of storage. RBC elasticity was also evaluated using an optical tweezer system. RESULTS Vitamin E-treated samples presented a significant decrease in ROS production. Additionally, the elastic constant for vitamin E-treated RBCs did not differ from the control. CONCLUSION Vitamin E decreased the amount of ROS in stored RBCs. Because vitamin E acts on lipid oxidation, results suggest that protein oxidation should also be considered a key factor for erythrocyte elastic properties. Thus, further studies combining vitamin E with protein antioxidants deserve attention, aiming to better preserve overall stored RBC properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A L Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - C A Azevedo Filho
- Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida (Asces - Unita), Caruaru, Brazil
| | - G Pereira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - D C N Silva
- Colegiado de Ciências Biológicas, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - M C A B Castro
- Núcleo de Enfermagem, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - A F Almeida
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães - CPqAM, FIOCRUZ, Brazil
| | | | - B S Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - M L Barjas-Castro
- INCTS - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Hemocentro, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Yuksel B, Kilic S, Yilmaz N, Goktas T, Keskin U, Seven A, Ulubay M, Batioglu S. Obesity is not a descriptive factor for oxidative stress and viscosity in follicular fluid of in vitro fertilization patients. Ir J Med Sci 2016; 186:641-646. [PMID: 27817165 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-016-1523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity's impact on micro-environmental oxidative stress and follicular fluid (FF) viscosity and whether or not it has any effect on in vitro fertilization (IVF) success is a matter of debate. AIMS In this study, our aim was to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers and the FF viscosity in obese and non-obese patients. METHODS Eighty norm-responder patients undergoing IVF were prospectively grouped according to their body mass indexes (BMI). Group 1 (n = 40) and group 2 (n = 40) had BMI values of ≤24.9 and ≥25.0, respectively. Total sulfhydryl (RSH) levels (nmol/m) and the formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (malondialdehyde, or MDA) (µmol/ml) in FFs were quantified. For the first time in our study, FF viscosity with changing BMI values was also determined. RESULTS The mean levels of MDA (µmol/ml) and RSH (nmol/ml) were not significantly different between groups (1.37 ± 0.51; 1.51 ± 0.51; p > 0.05 for MDA and 0.42 ± 0.30; 0.41 ± 0.20; p > 0.05 for RSH, respectively). Similarly, the FF viscosity (centipoise) was not different between groups (1.28 ± 0.28; 1.30 ± 0.19; p < 0.05, respectively). Independent of BMI, no correlation was found between FF levels of oxidative markers and the number of oocytes retrieved or the fertilization rates. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we found no difference in the levels of follicular oxidative and anti-oxidative markers or the follicular fluid viscosity with changing BMI values. We also demonstrated that the levels of oxidative stress markers and the viscosity of follicular fluid did not affect clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yuksel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, Dumlupinar University Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - S Kilic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, Bahcesehir University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Yilmaz
- Department of Infertility, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Goktas
- Department of Physiology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - U Keskin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Seven
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, Dumlupinar University Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - M Ulubay
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Batioglu
- Department of Infertility, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Lai L, Xu X, Lim CT, Cao J. Stiffening of Red Blood Cells Induced by Cytoskeleton Disorders: A Joint Theory-Experiment Study. Biophys J 2016; 109:2287-94. [PMID: 26636940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions and elasticities of the cell are largely related to the structures of the cytoskeletons underlying the lipid bilayer. Among various cell types, the red blood cell (RBC) possesses a relatively simple cytoskeletal structure. Underneath the membrane, the RBC cytoskeleton takes the form of a two-dimensional triangular network, consisting of nodes of actins (and other proteins) and edges of spectrins. Recent experiments focusing on the malaria-infected RBCs (iRBCs) show that there is a correlation between the elongation of spectrins in the cytoskeletal network and the stiffening of the iRBCs. Here we rationalize the correlation between these two observations by combining the wormlike chain model for single spectrins and the effective medium theory for the network elasticity. We specifically focus on how the disorders in the cytoskeletal network affect its macroscopic elasticity. Analytical and numerical solutions from our model reveal that the stiffness of the membrane increases with increasing end-to-end distances of spectrins, but has a nonmonotonic dependence on the variance of the end-to-end distance distributions. These predictions are verified quantitatively by our atomic force microscopy and micropipette aspiration measurements of iRBCs. The model may, from a molecular level, provide guidelines for future identification of new treatment methods for RBC-related diseases, such as malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Lai
- Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore; National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore; National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianshu Cao
- Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Erythrocytes and their role as health indicator: Using structure in a patient-orientated precision medicine approach. Blood Rev 2016; 30:263-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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40
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Bokori-Brown M, Petrov PG, Khafaji MA, Mughal MK, Naylor CE, Shore AC, Gooding KM, Casanova F, Mitchell TJ, Titball RW, Winlove CP. Red Blood Cell Susceptibility to Pneumolysin: CORRELATION WITH MEMBRANE BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10210-27. [PMID: 26984406 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.691899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the biochemical and biophysical properties of the plasma membrane as well as membrane morphology on the susceptibility of human red blood cells to the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin pneumolysin, a key virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae, using single cell studies. We show a correlation between the physical properties of the membrane (bending rigidity and surface and dipole electrostatic potentials) and the susceptibility of red blood cells to pneumolysin-induced hemolysis. We demonstrate that biochemical modifications of the membrane induced by oxidative stress, lipid scrambling, and artificial cell aging modulate the cell response to the toxin. We provide evidence that the diversity of response to pneumolysin in diabetic red blood cells correlates with levels of glycated hemoglobin and that the mechanical properties of the red blood cell plasma membrane are altered in diabetes. Finally, we show that diabetic red blood cells are more resistant to pneumolysin and the related toxin perfringolysin O relative to healthy red blood cells. Taken together, these studies indicate that the diversity of cell response to pneumolysin within a population of human red blood cells is influenced by the biophysical and biochemical status of the plasma membrane and the chemical and/or oxidative stress pre-history of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bokori-Brown
- From the College of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom,
| | - Peter G Petrov
- the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Mawya A Khafaji
- the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad K Mughal
- the Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E Naylor
- the Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | - Angela C Shore
- the Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5AX, United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Kim M Gooding
- the Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5AX, United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Francesco Casanova
- the Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5AX, United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Tim J Mitchell
- the Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Titball
- From the College of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - C Peter Winlove
- the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
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Masilamani V, AlZahrani K, Devanesan S, AlQahtani H, AlSalhi MS. Smoking Induced Hemolysis: Spectral and microscopic investigations. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21095. [PMID: 26891995 PMCID: PMC4759537 DOI: 10.1038/srep21095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is one of the major causes of lifestyle associated mortality and morbidity such as cancer of the oral cavity and lungs, and also cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we have provided evidences for the smoking-induced hemolysis using two methods: spectra of blood components and atomic force microscopic analysis of surface morphology. A total of 62 subjects (control = 31; smoker = 31: 21 male; 10 female in each set) were considered for the study. The findings indicate that smoking leads to potholes on the surface, swelling of shape, rupturing of erythrocytes, removal of hematoporphyrin and flushing into the plasma as metabolites of the erythrocyte. The overall morphology of the erythrocytes of the smoker group appears more like a Mexican hat. The mean surface roughness was 5.5 ± 3 nm for the smoker group, but 1.2 ± 0.2 nm for the control group. Such damages might help the toxins, (CO, peroxidants, aldehydes etc.,) to gain easy access and get strongly absorbed by the hemoglobin, leading to enhanced rates of hemolysis as shown by the spectral features of metabolites. This indicates that the average life span of the smoker's erythrocytes is significantly less than that of the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Masilamani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, College of Sceince, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid AlZahrani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, College of Sceince, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi AlQahtani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Saleh AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, College of Sceince, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA- 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Grau M, Bölck B, Bizjak DA, Stabenow CJA, Bloch W. The red-vine-leaf extract AS195 increases nitric oxide synthase-dependent nitric oxide generation and decreases oxidative stress in endothelial and red blood cells. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2016; 4:e00213. [PMID: 26977302 PMCID: PMC4777269 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The red‐vine‐leaf extract AS195 improves cutaneous oxygen supply and the microcirculation in patients suffering from chronic venous insufficiency. Regulation of blood flow was associated to nitric oxide synthase (NOS)‐dependent NO (nitric oxide) production, and endothelial and red blood cells (RBC) have been shown to possess respective NOS isoforms. It was hypothesized that AS195 positively affects NOS activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and RBC. Because patients with microvascular disorders show increased oxidative stress which limits NO bioavailability, it was further hypothesized that AS195 increases NO bioavailability by decreasing the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing antioxidant capacity. Cultured HUVECs and RBCs from healthy volunteers were incubated with AS195 (100 μmol/L), tert‐butylhydroperoxide (TBHP, 1 mmol/L) to induce oxidative stress and with both AS195 and TBHP. Endothelial and red blood cell–nitric oxide synthase (RBC‐NOS) activation significantly increased after AS195 incubation. Nitrite concentration, a marker for NO production, increased in HUVEC but decreased in RBC after AS195 application possibly due to nitrite scavenging potential of flavonoids. S‐nitrosylation of RBC cytoskeletal spectrins and RBC deformability were increased after AS195 incubation. TBHP‐induced ROS were decreased by AS195, and antioxidative capacity was significantly increased in AS195‐treated cells. TBHP also reduced RBC deformability, but reduction was attenuated by parallel incubation with AS195. Adhesion of HUVEC was also reduced after AS195 treatment. Red‐vine‐leaf extract AS195 increases NOS activation and decreases oxidative stress. Both mechanisms increase NO bioavailability, improve cell function, and may thus account for enhanced microcirculation in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Grau
- Departments Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University Cologne Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 Cologne Germany
| | - Birgit Bölck
- Departments Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University Cologne Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 Cologne Germany
| | - Daniel Alexander Bizjak
- Departments Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University Cologne Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 Cologne Germany
| | - Christina Julia Annika Stabenow
- Departments Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University Cologne Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 Cologne Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Departments Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University Cologne Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6 Cologne Germany
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Unruh D, Srinivasan R, Benson T, Haigh S, Coyle D, Batra N, Keil R, Sturm R, Blanco V, Palascak M, Franco RS, Tong W, Chatterjee T, Hui DY, Davidson WS, Aronow BJ, Kalfa T, Manka D, Peairs A, Blomkalns A, Fulton DJ, Brittain JE, Weintraub NL, Bogdanov VY. Red Blood Cell Dysfunction Induced by High-Fat Diet: Potential Implications for Obesity-Related Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2015; 132:1898-908. [PMID: 26467254 PMCID: PMC4772773 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.017313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat diet (HFD) promotes endothelial dysfunction and proinflammatory monocyte activation, which contribute to atherosclerosis in obesity. We investigated whether HFD also induces the dysfunction of red blood cells (RBCs), which serve as a reservoir for chemokines via binding to Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC). METHODS AND RESULTS A 60% HFD for 12 weeks, which produced only minor changes in lipid profile in C57/BL6 mice, markedly augmented the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 bound to RBCs, which in turn stimulated macrophage migration through an endothelial monolayer. Levels of RBC-bound KC were also increased by HFD. These effects of HFD were abolished in DARC(-/-) mice. In RBCs from HFD-fed wild-type and DARC(-/-) mice, levels of membrane cholesterol and phosphatidylserine externalization were increased, fostering RBC-macrophage inflammatory interactions and promoting macrophage phagocytosis in vitro. When labeled ex vivo and injected into wild-type mice, RBCs from HFD-fed mice exhibited ≈3-fold increase in splenic uptake. Finally, RBCs from HFD-fed mice induced increased macrophage adhesion to the endothelium when they were incubated with isolated aortic segments, indicating endothelial activation. CONCLUSIONS RBC dysfunction, analogous to endothelial dysfunction, occurs early during diet-induced obesity and may serve as a mediator of atherosclerosis. These findings may have implications for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in obesity, a worldwide epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusten Unruh
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Ramprasad Srinivasan
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Tyler Benson
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Stephen Haigh
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Danielle Coyle
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Neil Batra
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Ryan Keil
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Robert Sturm
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Victor Blanco
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Mary Palascak
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Robert S Franco
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Wilson Tong
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Tapan Chatterjee
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - David Y Hui
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - W Sean Davidson
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Theodosia Kalfa
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - David Manka
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Abigail Peairs
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Andra Blomkalns
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - David J Fulton
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Julia E Brittain
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.)
| | - Vladimir Y Bogdanov
- From Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.U., R.S., R.K., R.S., V.B., M.P., R.S.F., V.Y.B.); Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA (T.B., S.H., T.C., D.J.F., N.L.W.); Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., N.B., W.T., D.M.); Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.C., A.P.); Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (D.Y.H., W.S.D.); Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (B.J.A.); Experimental Hematology / Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, OH (T.K.); Hemoshear LLC, Charlottesville, VA (D.M.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (A.B.).
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Jewell SA, Titball RW, Huyet J, Naylor CE, Basak AK, Gologan P, Winlove CP, Petrov PG. Clostridium perfringensα-toxin interaction with red cells and model membranes. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:7748-7761. [PMID: 26303814 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00876j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Clostridium perfringensα-toxin on host cells have previously been studied extensively but the biophysical processes associated with toxicity are poorly understood. The work reported here shows that the initial interaction between the toxin and lipid membrane leads to measurable changes in the physical properties and morphology of the membrane. A Langmuir monolayer technique was used to assess the response of different lipid species to toxin. Sphingomyelin and unsaturated phosphatidylcholine showed the highest susceptibility to toxin lypolitic action, with a two stage response to the toxin (an initial, rapid hydrolysis stage followed by the insertion and/or reorganisation of material in the monolayer). Fluorescence confocal microscopy on unsaturated phosphatidylcholine vesicles shows that the toxin initially aggregates at discrete sites followed by the formation of localised "droplets" accumulating the hydrolysis products. This process is accompanied by local increases in the membrane dipole potential by about 50 (±42) mV. In contrast, red blood cells incubated with the toxin suffered a decrease of the membrane dipole potential by 50 (±40) mV in areas of high toxin activity (equivalent to a change in electric field strength of 10(7) V m(-1)) which is sufficient to affect the functioning of the cell membrane. Changes in erythrocyte morphology caused by the toxin are presented, and the early stages of interaction between toxin and membrane are characterised using thermal shape fluctuation analysis of red cells which revealed two distinct regimes of membrane-toxin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Jewell
- School of Physics, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UK.
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Famurewa AC, Kanu SC, Ogugua VN, Nweke ML. Protective Effect of Pretreatment of Rats with Calyx Extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hematotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2015.138.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ito H, Kuss N, Rapp BE, Ichikawa M, Gutsmann T, Brandenburg K, Pöschl JMB, Tanaka M. Quantification of the Influence of Endotoxins on the Mechanics of Adult and Neonatal Red Blood Cells. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:7837-45. [PMID: 26024425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we physically modeled the influence of endotoxin-induced sepsis symptoms on human red blood cells (RBCs) by quantifying the impact of endotoxins on the cell mechanics by the analysis of Fourier-transformed mean square amplitude of shape fluctuation, called flicker spectroscopy. With the aid of a microfluidic diffusion chamber, we noninvasively determined principal mechanical parameters of human RBCs in the absence and presence of endotoxins for individual RBCs for the first time. Because of the elongation of saccharide chain length of endotoxins, we found an increase in the morphological transition from discocytes to echinocytes, and monotonic changes in the mechanical parameters. Since septic shocks often cause lethal risks of neonates, we measured the mechanical parameters of neonatal RBCs, and compared them to those of adult RBCs. The quantitative comparison reveals that neonatal RBCs are more susceptible to the effect of endotoxins than adult RBCs. Furthermore, coincubation with the antiseptic peptide P19-2.5 (Aspidasept) with endotoxin results in a slight suppression of the impact of the endotoxin. The strategy proposed in our study can potentially be applied for the quantitative diagnosis of RBCs based on mechanical readouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ito
- †Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan.,‡Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Navina Kuss
- §Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Neonatology, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bastian E Rapp
- ∥Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Masatoshi Ichikawa
- †Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Johannes M B Pöschl
- §Department of Pediatrics, Clinic of Neonatology, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- ‡Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,¶Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
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Sinha A, Chu TTT, Dao M, Chandramohanadas R. Single-cell evaluation of red blood cell bio-mechanical and nano-structural alterations upon chemically induced oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9768. [PMID: 25950144 PMCID: PMC4423428 DOI: 10.1038/srep09768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythroid cells, specifically red blood cells (RBCs), are constantly exposed to highly reactive radicals during cellular gaseous exchange. Such exposure often exceeds the cells' innate anti-oxidant defense systems, leading to progressive damage and eventual senescence. One of the contributing factors to this process are alterations to hemoglobin conformation and globin binding to red cell cytoskeleton. However, in addition to the aforementioned changes, it is possible that oxidative damage induces critical changes to the erythrocyte cytoskeleton and corresponding bio-mechanical and nano-structural properties of the red cell membrane. To quantitatively characterize how oxidative damage accounts for such changes, we employed single-cell manipulation techniques such as micropipette aspiration and atomic force microscopy (AFM) on RBCs. These investigations demonstrated visible morphological changes upon chemically induced oxidative damage (using hydrogen peroxide, diamide, primaquine bisphosphate and cumene hydroperoxide). Our results provide previously unavailable observations on remarkable changes in red cell cytoskeletal architecture and membrane stiffness due to oxidative damage. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that a pathogen that infects human blood cells, Plasmodium falciparum was unable to penetrate through the oxidant-exposed RBCs that have damaged cytoskeleton and stiffer membranes. This indicates the importance of bio-physical factors pertinent to aged RBCs and it's relevance to malaria infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Sinha
- 1] Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology &Design (SUTD), Singapore [2] Interdisciplinary Research Group of Infectious Diseases, Singapore MIT Alliance for Research &Technology Centre (SMART), Singapore
| | - Trang T T Chu
- Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology &Design (SUTD), Singapore
| | - Ming Dao
- 1] Interdisciplinary Research Group of Infectious Diseases, Singapore MIT Alliance for Research &Technology Centre (SMART), Singapore [2] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge-Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Rajesh Chandramohanadas
- Engineering Product Development (EPD) Pillar, Singapore University of Technology &Design (SUTD), Singapore
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Booth A, Størseth T, Altin D, Fornara A, Ahniyaz A, Jungnickel H, Laux P, Luch A, Sørensen L. Freshwater dispersion stability of PAA-stabilised cerium oxide nanoparticles and toxicity towards Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 505:596-605. [PMID: 25461062 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An aqueous dispersion of poly (acrylic acid)-stabilised cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles (PAA-CeO₂) was evaluated for its stability in a range of freshwater ecotoxicity media (MHRW, TG 201 and M7), with and without natural organic matter (NOM). In a 15 day dispersion stability study, PAA-CeO₂ did not undergo significant aggregation in any media type. Zeta potential varied between media types and was influenced by PAA-CeO₂ concentration, but remained constant over 15 days. NOM had no influence on PAA-CeO₂ aggregation or zeta potential. The ecotoxicity of the PAA-CeO₂ dispersion was investigated in 72 h algal growth inhibition tests using the freshwater microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. PAA-CeO₂ EC₅₀ values for growth inhibition (GI; 0.024 mg/L) were 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than pristine CeO₂ EC₅₀ values reported in the literature. The concentration of dissolved cerium (Ce(3+)/Ce(4+)) in PAA-CeO₂ exposure suspensions was very low, ranging between 0.5 and 5.6 μg/L. Free PAA concentration in the exposure solutions (0.0096-0.0384 mg/L) was significantly lower than the EC10 growth inhibition (47.7 mg/L) value of pure PAA, indicating that free PAA did not contribute to the observed toxicity. Elemental analysis indicated that up to 38% of the total Cerium becomes directly associated with the algal cells during the 72 h exposure. TOF-SIMS analysis of algal cell wall compounds indicated three different modes of action, including a significant oxidative stress response to PAA-CeO₂ exposure. In contrast to pristine CeO₂ nanoparticles, which rapidly aggregate in standard ecotoxicity media, PAA-stabilised CeO₂ nanoparticles remain dispersed and available to water column species. Interaction of PAA with cell wall components, which could be responsible for the observed biomarker alterations, could not be excluded. This study indicates that the increased dispersion stability of PAA-CeO₂ leads to an increase in toxicity compared to pristine non-stabilised forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Booth
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim N-7465, Norway.
| | - Trond Størseth
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim N-7465, Norway
| | | | - Andrea Fornara
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Product Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anwar Ahniyaz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Product Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Jungnickel
- SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, Drottning Kristinas vag 45, SE-11686 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Laux
- SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, Drottning Kristinas vag 45, SE-11686 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Luch
- SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, Drottning Kristinas vag 45, SE-11686 Stockholm, Sweden
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Tomaiuolo G. Biomechanical properties of red blood cells in health and disease towards microfluidics. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:051501. [PMID: 25332724 PMCID: PMC4189537 DOI: 10.1063/1.4895755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) possess a unique capacity for undergoing cellular deformation to navigate across various human microcirculation vessels, enabling them to pass through capillaries that are smaller than their diameter and to carry out their role as gas carriers between blood and tissues. Since there is growing evidence that red blood cell deformability is impaired in some pathological conditions, measurement of RBC deformability has been the focus of numerous studies over the past decades. Nevertheless, reports on healthy and pathological RBCs are currently limited and, in many cases, are not expressed in terms of well-defined cell membrane parameters such as elasticity and viscosity. Hence, it is often difficult to integrate these results into the basic understanding of RBC behaviour, as well as into clinical applications. The aim of this review is to summarize currently available reports on RBC deformability and to highlight its association with various human diseases such as hereditary disorders (e.g., spherocytosis, elliptocytosis, ovalocytosis, and stomatocytosis), metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity), adenosine triphosphate-induced membrane changes, oxidative stress, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Microfluidic techniques have been identified as the key to develop state-of-the-art dynamic experimental models for elucidating the significance of RBC membrane alterations in pathological conditions and the role that such alterations play in the microvasculature flow dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Tomaiuolo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II , Piazzale Tecchio 80, Napoli 80125, Italy and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, Napoli 80145, Italy
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Xue F, Lennon AB, McKayed KK, Campbell VA, Prendergast PJ. Effect of membrane stiffness and cytoskeletal element density on mechanical stimuli within cells: an analysis of the consequences of ageing in cells. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2013; 18:468-76. [PMID: 23947334 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2013.811234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A finite element model of a single cell was created and used to compute the biophysical stimuli generated within a cell under mechanical loading. Major cellular components were incorporated in the model: the membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, microtubules, actin filaments, intermediate filaments, nuclear lamina and chromatin. The model used multiple sets of tensegrity structures. Viscoelastic properties were assigned to the continuum components. To corroborate the model, a simulation of atomic force microscopy indentation was performed and results showed a force/indentation simulation with the range of experimental results. A parametric analysis of both increasing membrane stiffness (thereby modelling membrane peroxidation with age) and decreasing density of cytoskeletal elements (thereby modelling reduced actin density with age) was performed. Comparing normal and aged cells under indentation predicts that aged cells have a lower membrane area subjected to high strain as compared with young cells, but the difference, surprisingly, is very small and may not be measurable experimentally. Ageing is predicted to have a more significant effect on strain deep in the nucleus. These results show that computation of biophysical stimuli within cells are achievable with single-cell computational models; correspondence between computed and measured force/displacement behaviours provides a high-level validation of the model. Regarding the effect of ageing, the models suggest only small, although possibly physiologically significant, differences in internal biophysical stimuli between normal and aged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xue
- a Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
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