1
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Yan L, Huang B, Wang X, Jiang Y, Liu J, Jia X, Feng L, Yang B. The carrier function and inhibition effect on benign prostatic hyperplasia of a glucan from Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122316. [PMID: 38858029 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used as a dietary supplement, contains polysaccharides and flavonoids as its main bioactive ingredients. In this study, a neutral homogeneous polysaccharide (EPSN-1) was isolated from Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. EPSN-1 was identified as a glucan with a backbone of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, branched units comprised α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, β-D-Glcp-(1→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→ connected to the C6 position of backbone. The conformation of EPSN-1 in aqueous solution indicated its potential to form nanoparticles. This paper aims to investigate the carrier and pharmacodynamic activity of EPSN-1. The findings demonstrated that, on the one hand, EPSN-1, as a functional ingredient, may load Icariin (ICA) through non-covalent interactions, improving its biopharmaceutical properties such as solubility and stability, thereby improving its intestinal absorption. Additionally, as an effective ingredient, EPSN-1 could help maintain the balance of the intestinal environment by increasing the abundance of Parabacteroides, Lachnospiraceae UGG-001, Anaeroplasma, and Eubacterium xylanophilum group, while decreasing the abundance of Allobaculum, Blautia, and Adlercreutzia. Overall, this dual action of EPSN-1 sheds light on the potential applications of natural polysaccharides, highlighting their dual role as carriers and contributors to biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jialing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Liang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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2
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Shi L, He Q, Li J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Liu Y, Sun C, Pan Y, Li X, Zhao X. Polysaccharides in fruits: Biological activities, structures, and structure-activity relationships and influencing factors-A review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139408. [PMID: 38735097 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are a rich source of polysaccharides, and an increasing number of studies have shown that polysaccharides from fruits have a wide range of biological functions. Here, we thoroughly review recent advances in the study of the bioactivities, structures, and structure-activity relationships of fruit polysaccharides, especially highlighting the structure-activity influencing factors such as extraction methods and chemical modifications. Different extraction methods cause differences in the primary structures of polysaccharides, which in turn lead to different polysaccharide biological activities. Differences in the degree of modification, molecular weight, substitution position, and chain conformation caused by chemical modification can all affect the biological activities of fruit polysaccharides. Furthermore, we summarize the applications of fruit polysaccharides in the fields of pharmacy and medicine, foods, cosmetics, and materials. The challenges and perspectives for fruit polysaccharide research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Shi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
| | - Yilong Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yunlin Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chongde Sun
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Yang Z, Chen S, Sun W, Yang Y, Xu Y, Tang Y, Jiang W, Li J, Zhang Y. Study on the mechanisms by which pumpkin polysaccharides regulate abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic mice under oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132249. [PMID: 38729500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Pumpkin polysaccharide (PPe-H) can perform physiological functions through its antioxidative and hypoglycemic effects; however, the mechanisms through which PPe-H regulates abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism caused by oxidative stress injury remain unclear. In the present study, streptozotocin was used to generate an acute diabetic mouse model, and the effects of PPe-H on glucose and lipid metabolism impaired by oxidative stress in diabetic mice were studied. PPe-H significantly reduced blood glucose levels and enhanced the oral glucose tolerance of diabetic mice under stress injury (p < 0.05). The analysis of liver antioxidant enzymes showed that PPe-H significantly enhanced the activities of SOD and CAT (p < 0.05), increased the GSH level, and decreased the level of MDA (p < 0.05). Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the liver tissues of mice revealed characteristic differences in the genetic and metabolic levels of the samples, which showed that PPe-H treatment may play a positive role in regulating the metabolism of methionine, cysteine, glycerol phospholipid, and linoleic acid. These results indicated that PPe-H alleviated the symptoms of hyperglycemia by regulating metabolites related to oxidative stress and glycolipid metabolism in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Shengdong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Wenxuan Sun
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yechen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yuxuan Xu
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yuxuan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China.
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4
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Zhang Y, Yang B, Sun W, Sun X, Zhao J, Li Q. Structural characterization of squash polysaccharide and its effect on STZ-induced diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132226. [PMID: 38729469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel natural water-soluble acidic polysaccharide (PWESP-3) was isolated from squash with a molecular mass of 140.519 kDa, which was composed of arabinose (Ara, 35.30 mol%), galactose (Gal, 61.20 mol%), glucose (Glc, 1.80 mol%), and Mannuronic acid (ManA, 1.70 mol%) and contained Araf-(1→, →3)-Araf-(1→, →5)-Araf-(1→, Glcp-(1→, Galp-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, →2)-Glcp-(1→, →2)-Manp-(1→, →3)-Glcp-(1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →3)-Galp-(1→, →6)-Galp-(1→, →3,4)-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-Galp-(1→ residues in the backbone. Moreover, the structure of PWESP-3 was identified by NMR spectra. The branch chain was connected to the main chain by the O-3 and O-4 atom of Gal. In addition, the effect of PWESP-3 on STZ-induced type I diabetes mellitus model in MIN6 cells was investigated. The results showed that PWESP-3 can increase the viability and insulin secretion of MIN6 cells and reduce the oxidative stress caused by ROS and NO. Meanwhile, PWESP-3 can also reduce the content of ATP, Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3 activity in MIN6 cells. Furthermore, treatment with PWESP-3 can prevent single or double stranded DNA breaking to form DNA fragments and improve DNA damage in MIN6 cells, thereby avoiding apoptosis. Therefore, the above data highlight that PWESP-3 can improve the function of insulin secretion in STZ-induced MIN6 cells in vitro and can be used as an alternative food supplement to diabetes drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Huage Wugu Holding Co., Ltd., Hebei 061600, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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5
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Nieto JA, Rosés C, García-Ibáñez P, Pérez B, Viadel B, Romo-Hualde A, Milagro FI, Barceló A, Carvajal M, Gallego E, Agudelo A. Fiber from elicited butternut pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata D. cv. Ariel) modulates the human intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132130. [PMID: 38723828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Elicited pumpkin was evaluated as a potential daily consumption product able to modulate the gut microbiota. An in vitro dynamic colonic fermentation performance with microbiota from obese volunteers was used. Prebiotic effects were observed after the pumpkin treatment. Bifidobacterium abundance was maintained during the treatment period whereas Lactobacillus increased in the transversal and descending colon. Conversely, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium groups were more stable, although scarce decreasing trends were observed for same species. Increments of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Limosilactobacillus fermentum (old Lactobacillus fermentum) were observed in the whole colonic tract after the treatment period. However, modulatory effects were mainly observed in the transversal and descending colon. Diverse bacteria species were increased, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides dorei, Cloacibacillus porcorum, Clostridium lactatifermentans, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus lactaris, Coprococcus catus, Alistipes shahii or Bacteroides vulgatus. The prebiotic effect of the elicited pumpkin was provided by the fiber of the pumpkin, suggesting a release of pectin molecules in the transversal and distal colonic tract through low cellulosic fiber degradation, explaining the increases in the total propionic and butyric acid in these colonic sections. Also, a possible modulatory role of carotenoids from the sample was suggested since carotenes were found in the descending colon. Hence, the results of this research highlighted pumpkin as a natural product able to modulate the microbiota towards a healthier profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Nieto
- Centro Tecnológico Ainia, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Spain; Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Calle Pintor Sorolla 21, E46002, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carles Rosés
- Servei de Genòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - Paula García-Ibáñez
- Group of Aquaporins, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez
- Centro Tecnológico Ainia, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Blanca Viadel
- Centro Tecnológico Ainia, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Ana Romo-Hualde
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Barceló
- Servei de Genòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Group of Aquaporins, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elisa Gallego
- Centro Tecnológico Ainia, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Agatha Agudelo
- Sakata Seed Ibérica S.L.U., Pl/ Poeta Vicente Gaos, 6 Bajo. 46021, Valencia, Spain
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6
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Mao Z, Yang L, Lv Y, Chen Y, Zhou M, Fang C, Zhu B, Zhou F, Ding Z. A glucuronogalactomannan isolated from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg: Structure and immunomodulatory activity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121922. [PMID: 38494202 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A novel acidic glucuronogalactomannan (STHP-5) was isolated from the aboveground part of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg with a molecular weight of 3.225 × 105 kDa. Analysis of chain conformation showed STHP-5 was approximately a random coil chain. STHP-5 was composed mainly of galactose, mannose, and glucuronic acid. Linkages of glycosides were measured via methylation analysis and verified by NMR. In vitro, STHP-5 induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and secretion of IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells, indicating STHP-5 had stimulatory activity on macrophages. STHP-5 was proven to function as a TLR4 agonist by inducing the secretion of secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) in HEK-Blue™-hTLR4 cells. The TLR4 activation capacity was quantitatively measured via EC50, and it showed purified polysaccharides had stronger effects (lower EC50) on activating TLR4 compared with crude polysaccharides. In conclusion, our findings suggest STHP-5 may be a novel immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Mao
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yishan Lv
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yuchi Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chengnan Fang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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7
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Kang YR, Chang YH. Structural characterization and prebiotic activity of rhamnogalacturonan-I rich pumpkin pectic polysaccharide extracted by alkaline solution. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132311. [PMID: 38740154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the structural and physicochemical characteristics of alkali-extracted pectic polysaccharide (AkPP) and to evaluate its prebiotic effects. AkPP was obtained from pumpkin pulp using an alkaline extraction method. AkPP, which had a molecular weight (Mw) of mainly 13.67 kDa and an esterification degree of 9.60%, was composed mainly of galacturonic acid (GalA), rhamnose (Rha), galactose, and arabinose. The ratio of the homogalacturonan (HG) region to the rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) region in AkPP was 48.74:43.62. In the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, the signals indicating α-1,4-linked D-GalA, α-1,2-linked L-Rha, α-1,2,4-linked L-Rha residues were well resolved, demonstrating the presence of the HG and RG-I regions in its molecular structure. Collectively, AkPP was low methoxyl pectin rich in the RG-I region with short side chains and had a low Mw. Thermal analysis revealed that AkPP had good thermal stability. Compared to inulin, AkPP more effectively promoted the proliferation of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and the production of lactic, acetic, and propionic acids. This study presents the unique structural features of AkPP and provides a scientific basis for further investigation of the potential of AkPP as a promising prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ra Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Bionanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Bionanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Ma G, Li X, Tao Q, Ma S, Du H, Hu Q, Xiao H. Impacts of preparation technologies on biological activities of edible mushroom polysaccharides - novel insights for personalized nutrition achievement. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38821105 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2352796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Edible mushroom polysaccharides (EMPs) as a natural macromolecular carbohydrate have a very complex structure and composition. EMPs are considered ideal candidates for developing healthy products and functional foods and have received significant research attention due to their unique physiological activities such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor/cancer, gut microbiota regulation, metabolism improvement, and nervous system protection. The structure and monosaccharide composition of edible mushroom polysaccharides have an unknown relationship with their functional activity, which has not been widely studied. Therefore, we summarized the preparation techniques of EMPs and discussed the association between functional activity, preparation methods, structure and composition of EMPs, laying a theoretical foundation for the personalized nutritional achievements of EMP. We also establish the foundation for the further investigation and application of EMPs as novel functional foods and healthy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxing Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Zhao Y, Li P, Wang X, Wu Y, Liu L, Zhao R. A novel pectin polysaccharide from vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri absorbed by microfold cells in the form of nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131096. [PMID: 38522695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides of vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri (VBCP) have been reported to exhibit liver-targeting and immunomodulatory activities through oral administration, but the absorption behavior and mechanism of VBCPs have not been extensively studied. In this study, a novel HG type pectin polysaccharide, VBCP1-4, with a high molecular weight of 2.94 × 106 Da, was separated from VBCP. VBCP1-4 backbone was contained 1,4-α-D-GalpA, 1,4-α-D-GalpA6OMe, 1,3,4-α-D-GalpA and 1,2,4-α-D-Rhap. The branches were mainly contained 1,5-α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-α-L-Araf, t-α-L-Araf and t-α-D-Galp, which linked to the 3 position of 1,3,4-α-D-GalpA and the 4 position of 1,2,4-α-D-Rhap. VBCP1-4 could self-assemble to nanoparticles in water, with CMC values of 106.41 μg/mL, particle sizes of 178.20 ± 2.82 nm and zeta potentials of -23.19 ± 1.44 mV. The pharmacokinetic study of VBCP1-4, which detected by marking with FITC, revealed that it could be partially absorbed into the body through Peyer's patches of the ileum. In vitro absorption study demonstrated that VBCP1-4 was difficult to be absorbed by Caco-2 cell monolayer, but could be absorbed by M cells in a time and concentration dependent manner. The absorption mechanism was elucidated that VBCP1-4 entered M cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the form of nanoparticles. These findings provide valuable insights into the absorption behavior of VBCP and contribute to its further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yayun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Neihuan Xilu, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampaness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Neihuan Xilu, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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10
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Zhang M, Qin H, Xiang L, An L, Zhang X, Li K, Wu K, Fei X, Fan W, Xu X, Xu P, Wu Y, Mu D. Camellia sinensis polysaccharide attenuates inflammatory responses via the ROS-mediated pathway by endocytosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131674. [PMID: 38641285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharide CSTPs extracted from Camellia sinensis tea-leaves possessed unique against oxidative damage by scavenging ROS. Herein, acid tea polysaccharide CSTPs-2 with tightly packed molecular structure was isolated, purified and characterized in this research. Furthermore, the effects of CSTPs-2 on ROS-involved inflammatory responses and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results suggest that CSTPs-2 dramatically reduced the inflammatory cytokines overexpression and LPS-stimulated cell damage. CSTPs-2 could trigger the dephosphorylation of downstream AKT/MAPK/NF-κB signaling proteins and inhibit nuclear transfer of p-NF-κB to regulate the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated cells by ROS scavenging. Importantly, the impact of CSTPs-2 in downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and mitigating ROS overproduction is associated with clathrin- or caveolae-mediated endocytosis uptake mechanisms, rather than TLR-4 receptor-mediated endocytosis. This study presents a novel perspective for investigating the cellular uptake mechanism of polysaccharides in the context of anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zhang
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Huaguang Qin
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Lijun Xiang
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Lujing An
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Kexin Li
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Kai Wu
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Xinyao Fei
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China
| | - Yan Wu
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China.
| | - Dan Mu
- The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest Anhui, School of Life Science, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246011, China.
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11
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Ji W, Qian C, Su X, Li X, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Zhang M, Li D. Structure characterization and protective effect against UVB irradiation of polysaccharides isolated from the plateau plant Gentiana dahurica Fisch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131551. [PMID: 38621566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Gentiana dahurica Fisch. (G. dahurica) is one of the legitimate sources of Qinjiao in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and grows on high-altitude plateaus. Plants develop unique biochemical accumulations to resist plateau conditions, especially the strong UV irradiation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the polysaccharide of G. dahurica (GDP), its structure and its activity against UVB irradiation. Four GDPs were isolated and two of them were subjected to structural elucidation. The results suggested that GDP-1 has 53.5 % Ara and 30.8 % GalA as its main monosaccharides, with a molecular weight (Mw) of 23 kDa; the GDP-2 has 33.9 % Ara and 48.5 % GalA, with a Mw of 82 kDa. Methylation and NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed that GDP-1 contains →5)-α-Araf-(1 → 5)-α-Araf-(1 → 3,5)-α-Araf-(1 → 3,4)-α-GalpA-(6-OMe)-(1→ as the main chain, the branches of GalA (with esterification), and the terminal Ara; the GDP-2 contains →4)-α-GalpA-(1 → 4)-α-GalpA-(6-OMe)-(1 → 5)-α-Araf-(1 → 3,5)-α-Araf-(1→ as the main chain, the branches of →5)-α-Araf-(1-5)-α-Araf, and the terminal GalA. Both GDP-1 and GDP-2 exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity against DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, GDPs significantly attenuated the decreases in viability and proliferation of HaCaT cells after UVB irradiation. They can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH). The potential mechanism explored by flow cytometry assays of cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution suggested that GDPs exert protective effects against UVB irradiation by reducing ROS and attenuating S phase cell arrest. In brief, the GDP-1 and GDP-2 are α-1,3- and α-1,4- arabinogalacturonan, respectively. The high content of Ara could be attributed to biochemical accumulation in resisting to the plateau environment and to prevent UVB irradiation-related damage in cells. These findings provide insight into authentic medicinal herbs and the development of GDPs in the modern pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Cuiyin Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yonggui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, PR China.
| | - Mingjin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, PR China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, PR China.
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, PR China.
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12
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Yu X, Dai S, Dai L, Ao R, Zhang D, Wang L. Systematic Chemical Analysis of Crude Glycan Isolates from the Seven-Herb Decoction Quanzhenyiqitang with Anti-COPD Activity. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400277. [PMID: 38686912 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The classical Chinese Medicine prescription, Quanzhenyiqitang (QZYQT), containing seven tonic herbs (Shudi, Dangshen, Maidong, Baizhu, Niuxi, Fuzi, and Wuweizi) is clinically used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although there are studies on the pharmacological effects of QZYQT, little attention has been paid to its active carbohydrate ingredients. We performed a systematic chemical analysis of the crude glycan isolates from the seven-herb decoction (GI-QZYQT) after confirming its anti-COPD activity. GI-QZYQT could enhance lung function, reduce lung damage, and alleviate inflammatory response in mice with COPD. Moreover, two monosaccharides (fructose and glucose) and six oligosaccharides (sucrose, melibiose, 1-kestose, raffinose, mannotriose, and stachyose), accounting for 40.23 % of GI-QZYQT, were discovered using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-evaporative light-scattering detection. Inulin-type fructan with an average molecular weight of 2112 Da was identified using high-performance gel-permeation chromatography in combination with monosaccharide mapping analysis, accounting for 20.10 % of GI-QZYQT in mass. The comparison study showed that the identified monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and the inulin-type fructan of GI-QZYQT were mainly derived from herbs of Shudi, Dangshen, Maidong, Baizhu, and Niuxi. These findings provide crucial information on the chemical composition of GI-QZYQT, which is vital for the in-depth understanding of its bioactivity, mechanism, and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shiting Dai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, 510180, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Longchao Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ran Ao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Lingchong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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13
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Li P, Wang Y, Wang X, Li R, Wang K, Jiang Y, Zhang M, Huang C, Ma Q, Sun J, Quan J. Preparation of a Novel Oat β-Glucan-Chromium(III) Complex and Its Hypoglycemic Effect and Mechanism. Molecules 2024; 29:1998. [PMID: 38731488 PMCID: PMC11085915 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized a novel oat β-glucan (OBG)-Cr(III) complex (OBG-Cr(III)) and explored its structure, inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and hypoglycemic activities and mechanism in vitro using an insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cell model. The Cr(III) content in the complex was found to be 10.87%. The molecular weight of OBG-Cr(III) was determined to be 7.736 × 104 Da with chromium ions binding to the hydroxyl groups of OBG. This binding resulted in the increased asymmetry and altered spatial conformation of the complex along with significant changes in morphology and crystallinity. Our findings demonstrated that OBG-Cr(III) exhibited inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Furthermore, OBG-Cr(III) enhanced the insulin sensitivity of IR-HepG2 cells, promoting glucose uptake and metabolism more efficiently than OBG alone. The underlying mechanism of its hypoglycemic effect involved the modulation of the c-Cbl/PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway, as revealed by Western blot analysis. This research not only broadened the applications of OBG but also positioned OBG-Cr(III) as a promising Cr(III) supplement with enhanced hypoglycemic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshou Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Yunlu Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Kaihui Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Yu Jiang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Chuhan Huang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China; (P.L.); (Y.W.); (X.W.); (R.L.); (K.W.); (Y.J.); (M.Z.); (C.H.)
| | - Qixiang Ma
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Cancer Hospital and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Jian Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jianye Quan
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Sun X, Yang B, Li F, Yu G, Zhao J, Li Q. Comprehensive Assessment of Polysaccharides Extracted from Squash by Subcritical Water under Different Conditions. Foods 2024; 13:1211. [PMID: 38672884 PMCID: PMC11049192 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of subcritical water microenvironment on the physiochemical properties, antioxidant activity and in vitro digestion of polysaccharides (SWESPs) from squash were investigated. After single-factor experiments, twenty samples were successfully prepared at different extraction temperatures (110, 130, 150, 170 and 190 °C) and extraction times (4, 8, 12 and 16 min). Under a low temperature environment, the whole process was mainly based on the extraction of SWESP. At this time, the color of SWESP was white or light gray and the molecular mass was high. When the temperature was 150 °C, since the extraction and degradation of SWESP reached equilibrium, the maximum extraction rate (18.67%) was reached at 150 °C (12 min). Compared with traditional methods, the yield of squash SWESP extracted by subcritical water was 3-4 times higher and less time consuming. Under high temperature conditions, SWESPs were degraded and their antioxidant capacity and viscosity were reduced. Meanwhile, Maillard and caramelization reactions turned the SWESPs yellow-brown and produced harmful substances. In addition, different SWESPs had different effects on in vitro digestion. In brief, SWESPs prepared under different conditions have different structures and physicochemical properties, allowing the obtainment of the required polysaccharide. Our results show that squash polysaccharides prepared in different subcritical water states had good development potential and application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Guoyong Yu
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
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15
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Guo P, Chen M, Wang W, Li Q, Chen X, Liang J, He Y, Wu Y. Exploration of Polysaccharides from Phyllanthus emblica: Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycolipid Metabolism Disorder Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:1751. [PMID: 38675571 PMCID: PMC11052227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica is a natural medicinal herb with diverse bioactivities. Certain extracts from this herb have been confirmed to possess anti-glycolipid metabolic disorder activity. To further develop its utility value and explore its potential in combating glycolipid metabolic disorders, we designed a series of experiments to investigate the structure, antioxidant activity, and anti-glycolipid metabolic disorder activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides. In this study, we extracted and purified polysaccharides from Phyllanthus emblica and thoroughly analyzed their structure using various techniques, including NMR, methylation analysis, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. We investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-glycolipid metabolism disorder activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides for the first time utilizing oleic acid (OA) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as inducers. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides was assessed in vitro. These findings lay the groundwork for future investigations into the potential application of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides as an intervention for preventing and treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanli Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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16
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Huang L, Sun Q, Li Q, Li X. Screening and characterization of an anti-inflammatory pectic polysaccharide from Cucurbita moschata Duch. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130510. [PMID: 38447847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Pectin polysaccharides have demonstrated diverse biological activities, however, the inflammatory potential of pectin polysaccharides extracted from Cucurbita moschata Duch remains unexplored. This study aims to extract, characterize and evaluate the effects of pumpkin pectin polysaccharide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, along with its underlying mechanism of action. Initially, we extracted three fractions of pectin polysaccharides from pumpkin and screened them for anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced macrophages, identifying CMDP-3a as the most potent anti-inflammatory fraction. Subsequently, CMDP-3a underwent comprehensive characterization through chromatography and spectroscopic analysis, revealing CMDP-3a as an RG-I-HG type pectin polysaccharide with →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → and →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → as the main chain. Further, in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells model, treatment with CMDP-3a significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Finally, in a mouse colitis model, CMDP-3a administration obviously inhibited DSS-induced pathological alterations and reduced inflammatory cytokine expressions in the colonic tissues by down-regulating the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. These findings provide a molecular basis for the potential application of CMDP-3a in reducing inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan 250014, PR China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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17
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Xue H, Zhang P, Zhang C, Gao Y, Tan J. Research progress in the preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129923. [PMID: 38325677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are tremendous sources of polysaccharides, which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food, and cosmetics. This review aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs), and the chemical structure, biological activities (anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, intestinal flora regulation, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and other activities), and the underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from 76 diverse traditional Chinese medicines were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 164 scientific articles were searched from the database including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network. This comprehensive survey from previous reports indicates that TCMPs are non-toxic, highly biocompatible, and good biodegradability. Besides, this review highlights that TCMPs may be excellent functional factors and effective therapeutic drugs. Finally, the current problems and future research advances of TCMPs are also introduced. New valuable insights for the future researches regarding TCMPs are also proposed in the fields of therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Pengqi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Can Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Heilongjiang University, No.74 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
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18
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Huang X, Yang Q, Chang S, Liu Y, Wang X, Liu Z, Ren J. Potential osteoporosis-blocker Sparassis crispa polysaccharide: Isolation, purification and structure elucidation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129879. [PMID: 38311133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the structural characterization of water-soluble polysaccharides from Sparassis crispa and their effects on the proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblasts. Three fractions (F-1, F-2, and F-3) were obtained from crude polysaccharides by a DEAE-52 cellulose column. The main fraction (F-1) was further purified by polysaccharide gel purification systems to obtain purified water-soluble Sparassis crispa polysaccharide (SCPS). The chemical structure of SCPS was analyzed by gas chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The monosaccharide compositional analysis revealed that SCPS consisted of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, and mannuronic acid in a molar ratio of 17.37:1.94:25.52:30.83:1.14:0.30:4.98:2.87:2.65. Moreover, the backbone of SCPS was composed of →3)-β-d-Glcp-(1→4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, with side chains attached to the backbone at the O-6 positions through the →3,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ linkage. The in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of SCPS on the proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblasts. The results showed that SCPS significantly enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of mouse osteoblasts, indicating their potential as a pharmaceutical agent for promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Edible Fungi Institute, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Songlin Chang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yingwei Liu
- Edible Fungi Institute, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Edible Fungi Institute, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhuxiang Liu
- College of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China.
| | - Jiali Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498, Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Zhang X, Gao M, Zhao X, Qi Y, Xu L, Yin L, Peng J. Purification and structural characterization of two polysaccharides with anti-inflammatory activities from Plumbago zeylanica L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129455. [PMID: 38232876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Plumbago zeylanica L., a traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and it is critical important to explore the chemical compounds and evaluate their biological actions from the medicinal plant. However, the chemical structure and biological activities of polysaccharides from P. zeylanica. were still poorly understood. In this study, two water-soluble polysaccharides named WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 were purified from P. zeylanica L. Chemical and spectroscopic tests showed that the main chain of WPZP-2-1 was →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, and the branch chain was galactose or arabinose. The main chain of WPZP-2-2 was composed of →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, and the O-2 and O-3 of →4)-α-D-GalpA had a small amount of acetylation. In addition, in vitro test showed that WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 significantly improved the inflammatory damage of LPS + IFN-γ-induced THP-1 cells via reducing the protein levels of CD14, TLR4 and MyD88, thereby promoting IL-10 expression and inhibiting the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β. Those findings indicated that WPZP-2-1 and WPZP-2-2 from the plant should be served as the potential anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Linan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lianhong Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jinyong Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China; School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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20
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Luo HJ, Zhang YK, Wang SZ, Lin SQ, Wang LF, Lin ZX, Lu GD, Lin DM. Structural characterization and anti-oxidative activity for a glycopeptide from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129793. [PMID: 38290627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
A water-soluble glycopeptide (named GL-PWQ3) with a molecular weight (Mw) of 2.40 × 104 g/mol was isolated from Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body by hot water extraction, membrane ultrafiltration, and gel column chromatography, which mainly consisted of glucose and galactose. Based on the methylation, FT-IR, 1D, and 2D NMR analysis, the polysaccharide portion of GL-PWQ3 was identified as a glucogalactan, which was comprised of unsubstituted (1,6-α-Galp, 1,6-β-Glcp, 1,4-β-Glcp) and monosubstituted (1,2,6-α-Galp and 1,3,6-β-Glcp) in the backbone and possible branches that at the O-3 position of 1,3-Glcp and T-Glcp, and the O-2 position of T-Fucp, T-Manp or T-Glcp. The chain conformational study by SEC-MALLS-RI and AFM revealed that GL-PWQ3 was identified as a highly branched polysaccharide with a polydispersity index of 1.25, and might have compact sphere structures caused by stacked multiple chains. Moreover, the GL-PWQ3 shows strong anti-oxidative activity in NRK-52E cells. This study provides a theoretical basis for further elucidating the structure-functionality relationships of GL-PWQ3 and its potential application as a natural antioxidant in pharmacotherapy as well as functional food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jian Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu-Kun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Three Gorge Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Sai-Zhen Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shu-Qian Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lian-Fu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhan-Xi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Dong-Mei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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21
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Feng L, Han N, Han YB, Shang MW, Liang TW, Liu ZH, Li SK, Zhai JX, Yin J. Structural analysis of a soluble polysaccharide GSPA-0.3 from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer and its adjuvant activity with mechanism investigation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121591. [PMID: 38142068 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide (GSPA-0.3) was isolated and purified from the root of cultivated Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, and its structure, adjuvant activities, and mechanisms for inducing the maturation of mouse dendritic 2.4 cells (DC2.4) were extensively studied. Fraction GSPA-0.3, mainly composed by the galacturonic acid, galactose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, mannose, and xylose, had a molecular weight of 62,722 Da. The main chain of GSPA-0.3 was composed of →3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, and →3, 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→. Branched chains comprised α-L-Araf-(1→3, 5)-α-L-Araf-(1→5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, β-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, and α-D-GalpA-(1→ units connected to the C3 position of →3, 4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→. In vivo, GSPA-0.3 was found to stimulate the production of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a; increase the splenocyte proliferation index; and promote the expression of GATA-3, T-bet, IFN-γ, and IL-4 in H1N1 vaccine-immunized mice. Moreover, GSPA-0.3 significantly increased the levels of neutralizing antibodies in the mice, and its adjuvant activity was found to be superior to aluminum adjuvant (Alum adjuvant). Mechanistic investigations showed that GSPA-0.3 activated the TLR4-dependent pathway by upregulating the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF-6, and NF-κB proteins and gens. The results presented herein suggested that GSPA-0.3 could significantly promote the efficacy of the H1N1 vaccine by modulating Th1/Th2 response via the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yu-Bo Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Meng-Wen Shang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Teng-Wei Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Si-Kai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian-Xiu Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Li XP, Shen WH, Zhou LL, Huang QY, Cong RP, Zheng LP, Wang JW. Lipopolysaccharides from a Shiraia fruiting body-associated bacterium elicit host fungal hypocrellin A biosynthesis through nitric oxide generation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121498. [PMID: 37985049 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellin A (HA) is an excellent perylenequinone photosensitizer from Shiraia fruiting bodies. A dominant bacterium Pseudomonas fulva SB1 in the fruiting body was found to promote HA biosynthesis. The bacterial LPS were purified and the O-specific polysaccharide (OPS) consisted of rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal) and N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) with an average molecular weight of 282.8 kDa. Although the OPS composing of Rhap and Galp backbone showed elicitation capability on fungal HA accumulation, the highest HA production (303.76 mg/L) was achieved by LPS treatment at 20 μg/mL on day 3 of the mycelium culture. The generation of nitric oxide (NO) in Shiraia mycelia was triggered by LPS, which was partially blocked by inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitrate reductase (NR), leading to the depressed HA production. Transcriptome analysis revealed that NO mediated LPS-induced HA production via upregulating the expressions of critical genes associated with central carbon metabolism and downstream HA biosynthesis genes. This is the first report of LPS-induced NO to regulate fungal secondary metabolite production, which provides new insights on the role of bacterial LPS in bacterium-fungus interactions and an effective strategy to enhance hypocrellin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ping Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wen Hao Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lu Lu Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qun Yan Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Peng Cong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Ping Zheng
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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23
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Yang MH, Yang Y, Zhou X, Chen HG. Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of anti-diabetes effect and mechanism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:101. [PMID: 38217792 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes is a chronic disease in metabolic disorder, and the pathology is characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretion disorder in blood. In current, many studies have revealed that polysaccharides extracted from natural sources with significant anti-diabetic effects. Natural polysaccharides can ameliorate diabetes through different action mechanisms. All these polysaccharides are expected to have an important role in the clinic. METHODS Existing polysaccharides for the treatment of diabetes are reviewed, and the mechanism of polysaccharides in the treatment of diabetes and its structural characteristics are described in detail. RESULTS This article introduced the natural polysaccharide through different mechanisms of action in the treatment of diabetes, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory response and regulation of intestinal bacteria. Natural polysaccharides can treat of diabetes by regulating signaling pathways is also a research hotspot. In addition, the structural characteristics of polysaccharides were explored. There are some structure-activity relationships between natural polysaccharides and the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Hua-Guo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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24
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Ye L, Zhang QQ, Lin S, Zhang Q, Yan J, Wu DT, Liu SX, Qin W. A Polysaccharide from Ficus carica L. Exerts Immunomodulatory Activity in Both In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Models. Foods 2024; 13:195. [PMID: 38254496 PMCID: PMC10814953 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Ficus carica L. (FCP) exert multiple biological activities. As a biological macromolecule, the available knowledge about the specific structures and mechanisms of the biological activity of purified 'Brunswick' fig polysaccharides is currently limited. In the present study, chemical purification and characteristics were identified via chemical and instrumental analysis, and then the impact of FCP on immunomodulation activity in vitro and in vivo was examined. Structural characteristics showed that the molecular weight of the FCP sample was determined to be 127.5 kDa; the primary monosaccharides present in the FCP sample were galacturonic acid (GalA), arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), rhamnose (Rha), glucose (Glc), and xylose (Xyl) at a ratio of 0.321:0.287:0.269:0.091:0.013:0.011. Based on the investigation of in vitro immunomodulatory activity, FCP was found to stimulate the production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6, and increased the pinocytic activity of macrophages. Further analysis revealed that FCP activated macrophages by interacting with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Moreover, the in vivo test results indicate that FCP showed a significant increase in serum pro-inflammatory factors in immunosuppressed mice. Overall, this study suggests that FCP has the potential to be utilized as a novel immunomodulator in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ye
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Qin-Qiu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Shang Lin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Shu-Xiang Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (L.Y.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.Y.); (S.-X.L.)
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25
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Liu W, Xing X, Dong Q, Liu X, Li W. Isolation and identification of the alga-symbiotic bacterium Gordonia and characterisation of its exopolysaccharide. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:523-529. [PMID: 36102747 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2123477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
An exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacterium TD18, isolated from the culture broth of green alga Scenedesmus obliquus, was identified as Gordonia terrae based on the 100% identity of 16S rRNA sequences and designated Gordonia terrae TD18. The results of compositional and structural analyses and physiochemical tests show that (1) the exopolysaccharide produced by G. terrae TD18 (TD18-EPS) is an acidic hetero-polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 23 kDa, consisting of glucose, mannose, galactose and glucuronic acid, and (2) TD18-EPS is of high thermal stability with a degradation temperature of 308 °C, the solution of which is non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid exhibiting good emulsifying properties over a wide range of temperatures, pH and NaCl concentrations. Hence, Gordonia terrae TD18 is the first alga-symbiotic Gordonia strain identified thus far, while TD18-EPS is unique in terms of composition and structure, different from the known Gordonia EPS, with excellent physiochemical properties and thus has potential applications in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangying Xing
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinglin Dong
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohang Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenna Li
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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26
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yang B, Han X, He Y, Wang T, Sun X, Zhao J. Effects of zucchini polysaccharide on pasting, rheology, structural properties and in vitro digestibility of potato starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127077. [PMID: 37769764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Zucchini polysaccharide (ZP) has a unique molecular structure and a variety of biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ZP (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 %, w/w) on the properties of potato starch (PS), including pasting, rheological, thermodynamic, freeze-thaw stability, micro-structure, and in vitro digestibility of the ZP-PS binary system. The results showed that the appearance of ZP significantly reduced the peak, breakdown, final and setback viscosity and prolonged the pasting temperature of PS, whereas increased the trough viscosity. The tests of rheological showed that ZP had a damaging effect on PS gels. Meanwhile, the results of thermodynamic and Fourier transform infrared exhibited that the presence of ZP significantly retarded the retrogradation of PS, especially at a higher levels. The observation of the microstructure exhibited that ZP significantly altered the microscopic network structure of the PS gels, and ZP reduced the formation of the gel structure. Besides, ZP postponed the retrogradation process of PS gels. Moreover, ZP weakened the freeze-thaw stability of the PS gel. Furthermore, ZP also can decrease the digestibility and estimated glycemic index (eGI) value of PS from 86.04 % and 70.89 to 77.67 % and 65.22, respectively. Simultaneously, the addition of ZP reduced the rapidly digestible starch content (from 25.09 % to 16.59 %) and increased the slowly digestible starch (from 24.99 % to 26.77 %) and resistant starch content (from 49.92 % to 56.64 %). These results have certain guiding significance for the application of ZP in starch functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xunze Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuting He
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wan P, Liu H, Ding M, Zhang K, Shang Z, Wang Y, Ma Y. Physicochemical characterization, digestion profile and gut microbiota regulation activity of intracellular polysaccharides from Chlorella zofingiensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126881. [PMID: 37709223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that the polysaccharides from microalgae exhibit diverse biological activities, however, little is known about their digestibility and impact on human gut microbiota. In this study, a simulating digestion and fermentation system were established to investigate the digestibility and fermentation of intracellular polysaccharides from Chlorella zofingiensis (CZIP-S3). The results indicated that CZIP-S3 is a macromolecular polysaccharide composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and rhamnose, consisting of a main chain and two branched repeating units. CZIP-S3 could not be digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, CZIP-S3 could be metabolized into smaller molecules by the gut microbiota. The pH values continuously decrease during fermentation, whereas, the amount of short-chain fatty acids steadily increase. Furthermore, CZIP-S3 could modulate the composition of gut microbiota, via lowering the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia. The data suggested that CZIP-S3 could potentially be used as an ingredient for functional foods or prebiotics to improve human health by promoting the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wan
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China.
| | - Han Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Mengyan Ding
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Zhen Shang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Yuanli Wang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473000, China
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Xue H, Gao Y, Wu L, Cai X, Liao J, Tan J. Research progress in extraction, purification, structure of fruit and vegetable polysaccharides and their interaction with anthocyanins/starch. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-26. [PMID: 38108271 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2291187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables contain polysaccharides, polyphenols, antioxidant enzymes, and various vitamins, etc. Fruits and vegetables polysaccharides (FVPs), as an important functional factor in health food, have various biological activities such as lowering blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure, inhibiting tumors, and delaying aging, etc. In addition, FVPs exhibit good physicochemical properties including low toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility. Increasing research has confirmed that FVPs could enhance the stability and biological activities of anthocyanins, affecting their bioavailability to improve food quality. Simultaneously, the addition of FVPs in natural starch suspension could improve the physicochemical properties of natural starch such as viscosity, gelling property, water binding capacity, and lotion stability. Hence, FVPs are widely used in the modification of natural anthocyanins/starch. A systematic review of the latest research progress and future development prospects of FVPs is very necessary to better understand them. This paper systematically reviews the latest progress in the extraction, purification, structure, and analysis techniques of FVPs. Moreover, the review also introduces the potential mechanisms, evaluation methods, and applications of the interaction between polysaccharides and anthocyanins/starch. The findings can provide important references for the further in-depth development and utilization of FVPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Liu Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Liao
- College of Physical Science and Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Li H, Liu M, Liu Z, Cheng L, Li M, Li C. Purification, Structural Characterization, and Antitumor Activity of a Polysaccharide from Perilla Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15904. [PMID: 37958887 PMCID: PMC10649407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study found that a crude Perilla seed polysaccharide (PFSP) fraction exhibited obviously antitumor activity; however, the structural characterization and antitumor properties of this polysaccharide remain unclear. In this study, the PFSP was extracted and purified via combined column chromatography, and the structure of a single polysaccharide fraction was characterized by methylation, IC, GC-MS, NMR, and AFM. The results demonstrated that the efficient antitumor polysaccharide fraction PFSP-2-1 was screened from PFSP with a relative molecular weight of 8.81 × 106 Da. The primary structure of the PFSP main chain was →1)-Araf-(5→, →1,3)-Galp-(6→, →1)-Galp-(6→, →1,3)-Araf-(5→ and →1)-Xylp-(4→, and that of the side chains was →1)-Arap, →1,3)-Galp-(6→, →1)-Araf and →1)-Glcp-(4→, →1)-Galp-(3→ and →1)-Glcp, leading to a three-dimensional helical structure. CCK-8 experiments revealed that PFSP-2-1 significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro (p < 0.05), and its inhibitory effect positively correlation with the concentration of PFSP-2-1, and when the concentration of PFSP-2-1 was 1600 µg/mL, it showed the highest inhabitation rate on three hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2, Hep3b, and SK-Hep-1), for which the survival rates of HepG-2, Hep3b, and SK-Hep-1 were 53.34%, 70.33%, and 71.06%. This study clearly elucidated the structure and antitumor activity of PFSP-2-1, which lays a theoretical foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of antitumor activity of Perilla seed polysaccharides and provides an important theoretical basis for the development of high-value Perilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; (H.L.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (L.C.)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; (H.L.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (L.C.)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zikun Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; (H.L.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (L.C.)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; (H.L.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Mengsha Li
- Institute of Nature and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chongwei Li
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China; (H.L.); (M.L.); (Z.L.); (L.C.)
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Kurniawan B, Bankeeree W, Yanatatsaneejit P, Prasongsuk S. Antiproliferative activity and apoptosis‑inducing effects of Trametes polyzona polysaccharides against human breast cancer cells. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:83. [PMID: 37881601 PMCID: PMC10594067 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides have garnered interest due to their biological activities in terms of anticancer properties and antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer properties and antioxidant activity of a newly isolated white-rot fungus, Trametes polyzona CU07 from Thailand. Crude T. polyzona polysaccharides (CTPPs) were extracted from mycelia using hot water. The chemical properties, including total carbohydrates, molecular weight and protein content, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, were then investigated. The antioxidant activity was determined against the radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). The anticancer properties were evaluated in MCF-7 breast cancer (BC) cells, whereas the 293 cell line was used as a control. The inhibitory effects of CTPPs on viability were determined by MTT assay, followed by BrdU incorporation assay to assess cell proliferation. The induction of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. CTPPs were considered polysaccharide-protein conjugates, which had molecular weights in the range of 0.3-22,528 kDa. They contained ~50 and 37% carbohydrate and protein, respectively, with glucose as the main monosaccharide component. Notably, CTPPs had high antioxidant activity against ABTS, and had a significant inhibitory effect on the MCF-7 cell line with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 0.58 mg/ml. However, they exhibited little effect on the 293 cell line. The BrdU incorporation assay demonstrated that CTPPs inhibited proliferation by ~20% compared with that in untreated cells. CTPPs also induced early- and late-stage apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. These results indicated that the CTPPs may exhibit potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activity, and apoptosis-inducing effects against human BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Budi Kurniawan
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Human Genetics Research Group and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wichanee Bankeeree
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattamawadee Yanatatsaneejit
- Human Genetics Research Group and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sehanat Prasongsuk
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Ghendov-Mosanu A, Netreba N, Balan G, Cojocari D, Boestean O, Bulgaru V, Gurev A, Popescu L, Deseatnicova O, Resitca V, Socaciu C, Pintea A, Sanikidze T, Sturza R. Effect of Bioactive Compounds from Pumpkin Powder on the Quality and Textural Properties of Shortbread Cookies. Foods 2023; 12:3907. [PMID: 37959025 PMCID: PMC10650130 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of food with functional ingredients, characterized by low energy intake and a variety of phytonutrients with biological activity, is one of the concerns of the population. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of pumpkin powder and its bioactive components on the quality, color and textural properties of shortbread cookies. In the drying process of pumpkin powder (Cucurbita moschata) at 60 ± 2 °C, the physicochemical parameters did not change significantly in relation to fresh pulp. The chromatic parameters L*, a* and b* showed that the pumpkin powder was brighter than the pulp, with a greater presence of yellow pigments. Pumpkin powder presented a rich source of bioactive compounds (polyphenols flavonoids, carotenoids) with an antioxidant potential of 161.52 mmol TE/100 g DW and 558.71 mg GAE/100 g DW. Antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Abony and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and high antifungal activity against Candida albicans were attested. The sensory, physicochemical, texture parameters and color indicators of shortbread cookies with yellow pumpkin powder (YPP) added in a proportion of 5-20% were analyzed. The optimal score was given to the sample of 15% YPP. The use of 15-20% YPP contributed to improved consistency due to the formation of complexes between starch and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona Ghendov-Mosanu
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Natalia Netreba
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Greta Balan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 165 Stefan cel Mare Blvd., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova; (G.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Cojocari
- Department of Preventive Medicine, “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 165 Stefan cel Mare Blvd., MD-2004 Chisinau, Moldova; (G.B.); (D.C.)
| | - Olga Boestean
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Viorica Bulgaru
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Angela Gurev
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Liliana Popescu
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Olga Deseatnicova
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Vladislav Resitca
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Manasturs St., 4003724 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Adela Pintea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Calea Manasturs St., 4003724 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Tamar Sanikidze
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1 Ilia Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi 00186, Georgia;
| | - Rodica Sturza
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (O.B.); (V.B.); (A.G.); (L.P.); (O.D.); (V.R.); (R.S.)
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Wang D, Dong Y, Xie Y, Xiao Y, Ke C, Shi K, Zhou Z, Tu J, Qu L, Liu Y. Atractylodes lancea Rhizome Polysaccharide Alleviates Immunosuppression and Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Mice Treated with Cyclophosphamide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37861444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived polysaccharides, such as Atractylodes lancea rhizome polysaccharide (ALP), are good immune regulators. However, the immune regulatory mechanism of the ALP is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ALP on the intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal mucosal immunity of immunosuppressed mice. We also compared the activity of raw Atractylodes lancea rhizome polysaccharide (SALP) with wheat bran processed bran-fried Atractylodes lancea rhizome polysaccharide (FALP; both at 1.2 g/kg/d for mice). Our results showed that ALP effectively increased the immune organ index and blood cell count, stimulated the secretion of cytokines, and promoted the expression of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). ALP also promoted the expression of T cells and the secretion of sIgA. Furthermore, ALP alleviated the gut microbiota disorder in Cy-treated mice and increased the relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Faecalibaculum. ALP reversed the decrease in the level of SCFAs and promoted the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43). To our knowledge, this study was the first to explore how the ALP protects the intestinal mucosal barrier and enhances intestinal mucosal immunity by alleviating the gut microbiota imbalance and metabolic disorders of SCFAs. FALP was more therapeutic than SALP, suggesting that FALP could be developed as a promising functional food component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongpeng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ying Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yangxin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chang Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Kun Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jiyuan Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Linghang Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan 430065, China
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Wang Y, Wei S, Lian H, Tong L, Yang L, Ren B, Guo D, Huang H. A Neutral Polysaccharide from Spores of Ophiocordyceps gracilis Regulates Oxidative Stress via NRF2/FNIP1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14721. [PMID: 37834168 PMCID: PMC10572349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophiocordyceps gracilis (O. gracilis) is a parasitic fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine and functional foods. In this study, a neutral heteropolysaccharide (GSP-1a) was isolated from spores of O. gracilis, and its structure and antioxidant capacities were investigated. GSP-1a was found to have a molecular weight of 72.8 kDa and primarily consisted of mannose (42.28%), galactose (35.7%), and glucose (22.02%). The backbone of GSP-1a was composed of various sugar residues, including →6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →2,4,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, and →3,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, with some branches consisting of →6)-α-D-Manp-(1→ and α-D-Gal-(1→. In vitro, antioxidant activity assays demonstrated that GSP-1a exhibited scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical (•OH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS•+), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•). Moreover, GSP-1a was found to alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, GSP-1a upregulated the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes such as Ho-1, Gclm, and Nqo1, and regulated the NRF2/KEAP1 and FNIP1/FEM1B pathways. The findings elucidated the structural types of GSP-1a and provided a reliable theoretical basis for its usage as a natural antioxidant in functional foods or medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongsheng Guo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, NO 1, Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, NO 1, Wen Yuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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Dai Y, Wang L, Chen X, Song A, He L, Wang L, Huang D. Lentinula edodes Sing Polysaccharide: Extraction, Characterization, Bioactivities, and Emulsifying Applications. Foods 2023; 12:3289. [PMID: 37685222 PMCID: PMC10486737 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the optimization of extraction, emulsifying properties, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes Sing (LES) were studied. The results showed LES polysaccharides extracted by hot water or ultrasonication are a group of β-glucan. Among all the samples, the one extracted by hot water showed the best emulsifying capacity. In addition, the results demonstrated that LES polysaccharide had strong scavenging activities in vitro on DPPH and ABTS radicals, which reached the highest level for the one extracted by 90 min ultrasonication (p < 0.05). Overall, Lentinula edodes Sing polysaccharides (LESPs) may have potential applications as emulsifying agents in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dai
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Xingyi Chen
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Angxin Song
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Laping He
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage & Processing of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lingyuan Wang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Diandian Huang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (X.C.); (A.S.); (L.H.)
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Zaremba A, Hęś M, Jędrusek-Golińska A, Przeor M, Szymandera-Buszka K. The Antioxidant Properties of Selected Varieties of Pumpkin Fortified with Iodine in the Form of Potassium Iodide and Potassium Iodate. Foods 2023; 12:2792. [PMID: 37509884 PMCID: PMC10379304 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the use of selected pumpkin varieties as carriers of potassium iodide (KI) and potassium iodate (KIO3) at different concentrations (2.3, 0.23, and 0.023 mg/100 g). It was hypothesized that the concentrations and form of iodine fortification in pumpkins affect the antioxidant activity of pumpkins. The results showed a high recovery of the introduced iodine in all pumpkin varieties after drying, as well as high iodine stability during storage, especially for KIO3. However, statistical analysis confirmed a relationship between the forms and concentration of iodine and the ABTS cation radical and the DPPH radical test results. In the systems with iodine concentration at 0.023 and 0.23 mg/100 g, the antioxidant activity did not change. However, for all pumpkin varieties fortified with a KIO3 concentration at 3.9 mg/100 g (2.3 mg/100 g of iodine), a statistically significant decrease in free-radical scavenging was confirmed. Therefore, for maximum effectiveness in pumpkin's free-radical scavenging indices, it is suggested to introduce iodine in the form of KI and KIO3, but in controlled concentrations. However, KIO3 should be added at a maximum amount of 0.39 mg/100 g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zaremba
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marzanna Hęś
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Jędrusek-Golińska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Przeor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krystyna Szymandera-Buszka
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
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Wang X, Zhu Q, Li Y. Purification, characterization and bioactivities of a 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan from Aralia echinocaulis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125402. [PMID: 37331542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of active constituents from food plants is an important area of research in pharmaceutical sciences. Aralia echinocaulis is a medicinal food plant that is mainly used to prevent or treat rheumatoid arthritis in China. This paper reported the isolation, purification and bioactivity of a polysaccharide (HSM-1-1) from A. echinocaulis. Its structural features were analyzed according to the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The results indicated that HSM-1-1 was a new 4-O-methylglucuronoxylan mainly composed of xylan and 4-O-methyl glucuronic acid with the molecular weight of 1.6 × 104 Da. Furthermore, the antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of HSM-1-1 in vitro were investigated, and the results showed that HSM-1-1 had potent proliferation inhibition activity on colon cancer cell SW480 with an inhibition rate of 17.57 ± 1.03 % at a concentration of 600 μg/mL, as measured via MTS methods. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a polysaccharide structure obtained from A. echinocaulis and its bioactivities, and its potential as an adjuvant natural product with antitumor effects is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Qiannan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yunzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China.
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37
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Lin Y, Gu H, Jia X, Wang W, Hong B, Zhang F, Yin H. Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA extracellular polysaccharides: Structural characterization and induced resistance to rice sheath blight. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 244:125281. [PMID: 37330100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani), is one of the most serious diseases of rice. Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) are complex polysaccharides secreted by microbes that have a pivotal role in the plant-microbe interaction. At present, many studies have been carried out on R. solani, but it is not very clear whether the EPS is secreted by R. solani exists. Therefore, we isolated and extracted the EPS from R. solani, two kinds of EPS (EW-I and ES-I) were obtained by DEAE-cellulose 52 and Sephacryl S-300HR column further purification, and their structures were characterized by FT-IR, UV, GC, and NMR analysis. The results showed that EW-I and ES-I had similar monosaccharide composition but different molar ratio, they were composed of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and mannose with a ratio of 7.49: 27.72: 2.98: 6.66: 55.15 and 3.81: 12.98: 6.15: 10.83: 66.23, and their backbone may be composed of →2)-α-Manp-(1→ residues, beside ES-I was highly branched compared to EW-I. The exogenous application of EW-I and ES-I had no effect on the growth of R. solani AG1 IA itself, but their pretreatment of rice induced plant defense through activation of the salicylic acid pathway, resulting in enhanced resistance to sheath blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hui Gu
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bo Hong
- Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 715299, China
| | - Fuyun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Liu H, Wei S, Shi L, Tan H. Preparation, structural characterization, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Psidium guajava: A review. Food Chem 2023; 411:135423. [PMID: 36652884 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Psidium guajava L. is one of the most pivotal members belong to the Myrtaceae family, and it is an important tropical fruit with highly nutritional, healthy, and pharmacological values prevailing in worldwide for decades. The polysaccharides of P. guajava (PGPs) are served as one of the most active constituents, which possess a variety of biofunctionalities including anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheic, antihypertension, and antidiabetic properties. Hence, a systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize the recent research advances of PGPs is necessary for facilitating their better understanding. The present review discussed current research progress on the PGPs, including extraction and purification methods, structural features, biological activities, and potential pharmacological mechanism. In addition, this review may also provide some valuable insights for further development and potential value in affording functionally useful agents in food industry or therapeutically effective medicine in the fields of P. guajava polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Shi
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haibo Tan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Xue T, Ruan K, Tang Z, Duan J, Xu H. Isolation, structural properties, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Althaea officinalis Linn.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125098. [PMID: 37245776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Althaea officinalis Linn. (AO) is a widely distributed herbaceous plant with a long history of medicinal and food functions in Europe and Western Asia. Althaea officinalis polysaccharide (AOP), as one of the main components and a crucial bioactive substance of AO, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including antitussive, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, wound healing, immunomodulatory, and infertility therapy effects. Many polysaccharides have been successfully obtained in the last five decades from AO. However, there is currently no review available concerning AOP. Considering the importance of AOP for biological study and drug discovery, the present review aims to systematically summarize the recent major studies on extraction and purification methods of polysaccharides from different AO parts (seeds, roots, leaves and flowers), as well as the characterization of their chemical structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and the application of AOP in different fields. Meanwhile, the shortcomings of AOP research are further discussed in detail, and new valuable insights for future AOP research as therapeutic agents and functional foods are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Xue
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
| | - Kaihua Ruan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xi'an New Area Central Hospital), Xi'an 710075, PR China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
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Meng X, Kuang H, Wang Q, Zhang H, Wang D, Kang T. A polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula roots attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110180. [PMID: 37068337 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The present work reported the extraction, purification, characterization of a polysaccharide from roots of Codonopsis pilosula (CPP-A-1) and its effect on liver fibrosis. The findings exhibited that the molecular weight of CPP-A-1 was 9424 Da, and monosaccharide composition were glucose and fructose and minor contents of arabinose. Structural characterization of CPP-A-1 has a backbone consisting of→(2-β-D-Fruf-1)n→ (n ≈ 46-47). Treatment with CPP-A-1 inhibited the proliferation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β)-activated human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2), and induced cell apoptosis. We used carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to construct mice model of liver fibrosis and subsequently administered CPP-A-1 treatment. The results showed that CPP-A-1 alleviated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis as demonstrated by reversing liver histological changes, decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) contents, collagen deposition, and downregulated fibrosis-related collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and inhibited the generation of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components by restoring the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and its inhibitor (TIMPs). Moreover, CPP-A-1 improved anti-oxidation effects detected by promoting liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and Mn-SOD levels, and inhibition of liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and iNOS levels. CPP-A-1 also ameliorated the inflammatory factor (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6), and expression of inflammatory factor genes (TNF-α, IL-11 mRNA). In addition, our results showed that CPP-A-1 inhibited Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) signaling pathways. Furthermore, In vitro tests of LX-2 cells demonstrated that CPP-A-1 not only inhibited α-SMA expression with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or TGF-β1 stimulation, but also inhibited TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling, similar to corresponding small-molecule inhibitors. Therefore, CPP-A-1 might exert suppressive effects against liver fibrosis by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling, our findings support a possible application of CPP-A-1 for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqun Meng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Identification, Liaoning University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Herbs Preparation, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Identification, Liaoning University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Identification, Liaoning University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Tingguo Kang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Identification, Liaoning University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
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Gao X, Yang Z, Huang L, Zuo S, Li X, Yao J, Jiang W, Wang S, Zhang Y. Protective effects of pumpkin polysaccharide hydrolysates on oxidative stress injury and its potential mechanism - Antioxidant mechanism of pumpkin polysaccharide hydrolysates. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124423. [PMID: 37062385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Pumpkin polysaccharides (PPe) exhibit multiple bioactive properties, including the ability to reduce blood sugar and lipids. Our prior investigation discovered that hydrolysates (PPe-s) derived from PPe demonstrated stronger antioxidant capabilities than PPe. The objective of the current study was to explore the potential mechanism of PPe-s, utilizing Caenorhabditis elegans and MIN6 cells as models. The results of this investigation revealed that PPe-s exhibited strong scavenging ability towards ABTS+ and OH·in vitro. Additionally, PPe-s extended the lifespan of C. elegans under hydrogen peroxide stress (p < 0.05) by upregulating the mRNA expression of daf-16, sod-1, sod-3, and skn-1 (all >1.43-fold, p < 0.05). Furthermore, PPe-s enhanced the proliferation activity of MIN6 cells, induced by alloxan, increased insulin secretion and cAMP levels, and excreted intracellular excessive Ca2+ in a concentration-dependent manner. Our study demonstrated that PPe-s upregulated the expression levels of antioxidative-related genes and augmented the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Zeen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Lingte Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Siying Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Xinghan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310018, China.
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42
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Sun W, Xu JD, Zhang W, Guo MF, Kong M, Zhu H, Zhou SS, Wu CY, Li SL, Mao Q. Holistic quality evaluation of Callicarpae Formosanae Folium by multi-chromatography-based qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides and small molecules. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115282. [PMID: 36791651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Callicarpae Formosanae Folium (CFF), derived from the leaves of Callicarpa formosana Rolfe, is a common Chinese medicinal herb used for the treatment of hematemesis. Phytochemical studies found that phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids and polysaccharides were the main ingredients of CFF. However, there is limited scientific information concerning holistic quality method and quality consistency evaluation of CFF. In this study, a strategy integrating HPGPC-ELSD, HPLC-PDA, UV-VIS and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was firstly developed to simultaneously qualify and quantify polysaccharides, as well as representative small molecules in CFF. HPGPC-ELSD was applied to characterize the molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides, HPLC-PDA was developed to qualitatively and quantitatively determine monosaccharides. UV-VIS was used to determine the total polysaccharides content, and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was established to characterize the small molecules. The quality consistency of commercial CFF (CM-CFF) was also evaluated. It was shown that the relative molecular weights, the compositional monosaccharides and small molecules composition in CM-CFF and self-collected CFF (SC-CFF) samples were similar. A total of 32 small molecules including 6 phenylpropanoids, 7 flavonoids and 19 terpenoids were characterized in CFF. However, the variation was observed in the content of polysaccharides, luteolin, ursolic acid, as well as total contents of terponoids in CM-CFF samples, which implied that the holistic quality of CM-CFF was inconsistent. The results suggested that the proposed evaluation strategy could be applied as a potential approach for the quality control of CFF. And the quality of CM-CFF should be improved by Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) base and standard processing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jin-Di Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Meng-Fei Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yin Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
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El-Gendi H, Abu-Serie MM, Kamoun EA, Saleh AK, El-Fakharany EM. Statistical optimization and characterization of fucose-rich polysaccharides extracted from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) along with antioxidant and antiviral activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123372. [PMID: 36706886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active phytochemicals from pumpkin reveal versatile medical applications, though little is known about their antiviral activity. The fucose-rich polysaccharide extraction conditions were optimized through Box-Behnken design and purified by column chromatography. The purified fucose-rich polysaccharide was characterized through SEM, FT-IR, 1H NMR, XRD, TGA, and GS-MS. The analysis results revealed an irregular and porous surface of the purified polysaccharide with high fucose, rhamnose, galactose, and glucose contents. The tested fucose-rich polysaccharides revealed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity at very low concentrations. The purified fucose-rich polysaccharides exerted a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against both DNA and RNA viruses, accompanied by high safety toward normal cells, where the maximum safe doses (EC100) were estimated to be about 3-3.9 mg/mL for both Vero and PBMC cell lines. Treatment of HCV, ADV7, HSV1, and HIV viruses with the purified polysaccharides showed a potent dose-dependent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 95.475, 20.96, 5.213, and 461.75 μg/mL, respectively. This activity was hypothesized to be through inhibiting the viral entry in HCV infection and inhibiting the reverse transcriptase activity in HIV. The current study firstly reported the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities of Cucurbita maxima fucose-rich polysaccharide against several viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Application (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elbadawy A Kamoun
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt; Polymeric Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, El-Tahrir St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Zhao S, Xue H, Tao Y, Chen K, Li X, Wang M. An Acidic Heteropolysaccharide Isolated from Pueraria lobata and Its Bioactivities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076247. [PMID: 37047221 PMCID: PMC10094262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel water-soluble acidic heteropolysaccharide, called PPL-1, was purified from Pueraria lobata. PPL-1 had an average molecular weight of 35 Kad, and it was composed of glucose, arabinose, galactose and galacturonic acid (6.3:0.8:0.8:2.1). In accordance with methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, PPL-1 primarily consisted of (1→2)-linked α-Araf, (1→4)-linked α-Glcp, (1→)-linked β-Glcp, (1→6)-linked α-Glcp, (1→3,6)-linked α-Galp, (1→)-linked β-GalpA and (1→4)-linked α-GalpA. In terms of bioactivities, PPL-1 exhibited remarkable scavenging ability towards DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and moderate activity by enhancing the proliferation rate of RAW 264.7 cells by approximately 30% along with the secretion of NO. This work demonstrates that PPL-1 can be a potential source of immunoenhancers and antioxidants.
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Wang S, Chen J, Feng C, Lan H, Xu J, Yang R, Li C, Li W. Effects of simulated digestion on the structural characteristics and dendritic cell activation of longan polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124114. [PMID: 36963540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
An active polysaccharide (LP) from longan was purified and characterized. LP consisted of galactose and glucose in a molar ratio of 1.5: 98.5, with a molecular weight of 4.67 × 107 g/mol. The main backbone of LP was T-α-D-Glcp-[(1 → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Glcp]n. After simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, and major glycosidic bonds of LP were not significantly changed. LP and digested LP (DLP) reduced phagocytosis and promoted IL-10 and IL-12 secretion of dendritic cells. In addition, the effects of LP and DLP on activating dendritic cells showed no significant difference. This study helps to illuminate the potential mode of immunomodulatory action of longan polysaccharides in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Haibo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jucai Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Ruili Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Congfa Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wu Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
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46
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Structure elucidation and in vitro rat intestinal fermentation properties of a novel sulfated glucogalactan from Porphyra haitanensis. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Ying R, Zhou T, Xie H, Huang M. Synergistic effect of arabinoxylan and (1,3)(1,4)-β-glucan reduces the starch hydrolysis rate in wheat flour. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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48
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Jiao X, Li F, Zhao J, Wei Y, Zhang L, Yu W, Li Q. The Preparation and Potential Bioactivities of Modified Pectins: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051016. [PMID: 36900531 PMCID: PMC10001417 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectins are complex polysaccharides that are widely found in plant cells and have a variety of bioactivities. However, the high molecular weights (Mw) and complex structures of natural pectins mean that they are difficult for organisms to absorb and utilize, limiting their beneficial effects. The modification of pectins is considered to be an effective method for improving the structural characteristics and promoting the bioactivities of pectins, and even adding new bioactivities to natural pectins. This article reviews the modification methods, including chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods, for natural pectins from the perspective of their basic information, influencing factors, and product identification. Furthermore, the changes caused by modifications to the bioactivities of pectins are elucidated, including their anti-coagulant, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and anti-bacterial activities and the ability to regulate the intestinal environment. Finally, suggestions and perspectives regarding the development of pectin modification are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jiao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlu Wei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenjun Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang JL, Du C, Poon CCW, He MC, Wong MS, Wang NN, Zhang Y. Structural characterization and protective effect against renal fibrosis of polysaccharide from Ligustrum lucidum Ait. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115898. [PMID: 36372193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait., is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for tonifying the kidney and liver for decades. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore and identify polysaccharides from FLL and elucidate its protective effect against renal fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polysaccharides were extracted and isolated from FLL. The purified fraction was identified by serial phytochemical work, such as gel-permeation chromatography, ion chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were applied as a renal fibrosis model. The male UUO mice were pretreated with heteropolysaccharide (Poly) 1 week prior to surgery and continuously treated for 7 days after the operation. Renal fibrosis was assessed by Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and Masson's trichrome staining in paraffin-embedded slides. The murine mesangial cells SV40-MES13 upon angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment were developed as an in vitro fibrotic model. The cells were treated by Poly in the presence of Ang II. Molecular expression was detected by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS We identified a heteropolysaccharide composed of arabinose and galactose (molar ratio, 0.73:0.27) with a predicted chemical structure characterized by a backbone composed of 1,5-α-Araf, 1,3,5-α-Araf, 1,6-α-Galp, and 1,3,6-β-Galp and side chains comprised of T-α-Araf, T-α-Arap, and 1,3-α-Araf. Pretreatment of UUO mice with Poly effectively alleviated glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Moreover, Poly pretreatment down-regulated the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin (FN), profibrotic factor VEGF, proinflammatory cytokines MCP-1 and Rantes in the obstructed kidney. Similarly, the incubation of SV40-MES13 cells with Poly significantly inhibited Ang II-induced elevation in accumulation and expression level of FN and attenuated Ang II-evoked up-regulation in protein expression of MCP-1 and Rantes. CONCLUSIONS Our study isolated and identified a naturally occurring heteropolysaccharide in FLL and revealed its potential in protecting the kidneys from fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chen Du
- Department of Gynecology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Christina Chui-Wa Poon
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ming-Chao He
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Na-Ni Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Green Extraction Techniques for the Determination of Active Ingredients in Tea: Current State, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the scientific community has turned its attention to the further study and application of green chemistry as well as to sustainable development in reducing the consumption of raw materials, solvents, and energy. The application of green chemistry aims to ensure the protection of the environment and to also, consequently, improve the quality of human life. It offers several benefits, both socially and economically. In the last few decades, new alternative non-conventional green extraction methodologies have been developed for the purposes of the extraction of active ingredient compounds from various raw products. The main objective of this literature review is to present the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the green extraction of tea species in respect of the isolation of safe active biomolecules, which can be used as commercially available products—both as dietary supplements and pharmaceutical formulations. More specifically, in this literature review, the intention is to investigate several different extraction techniques, such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction with DESs, the microwave assisted-extraction method, and the reflux method. These are presented in respect of their role in the isolation of bioactive molecules regarding different tea species. Furthermore, following the literature review conducted in this study, the commonly used green extraction methods were found to be the ultrasound-assisted method and the microwave-assisted method. In addition to these, the use of a green solvent, in regard to its role in the maximum extraction yield of active ingredients in various species of tea, was emphasized. Catechins, alkaloids (such as caffeine), gallic acid, and flavonoids were the main extracted bioactive molecules that were isolated from the several tea species. From this literature review, it can be demonstrated that green tea has been widely studied at a rate of 52% in respect of the included research studies, followed by black tea at 26%, as well as white tea and oolong tea at 11% each. Regarding the determination of the bioactive molecules, the most utilized analytical method was found in the combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a photodiode array detector (PDA) and mass spectrophotometry (MS) at a usage rate of about 80%. This method was followed by the utilization of UPLC and GC at 12% and 8%, respectively. In the future, it will be necessary to study the combination of green extraction techniques with other industry strategies, such as an encapsulation at the micro and nano scale, for the purposes of preparing stable final products with antioxidant properties where, finally, they can be safely consumed by humans.
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