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Mo F, Wang C, Li S, Li Z, Xiao C, Zhang Y, Hu C, Wang E, Lin P, Yuan T, Zuo Z, Fu W, Chen X, Ren L, Wang L. A Dual-Targeting, Multi-Faceted Biocompatible Nanodrug Optimizes the Microenvironment to Ameliorate Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405761. [PMID: 38923441 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a highly lethal cardiovascular disease that currently lacks effective pharmacological treatment given the complex pathophysiology of the disease. Here, single-cell RNA-sequencing data from patients with AAA and a mouse model are analyzed, which reveals pivotal pathological changes, including the M1-like polarization of macrophages and the loss of contractile function in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Both cell types express the integrin αvβ3, allowing for their dual targeting with a single rationally designed molecule. To this end, a biocompatible nanodrug, which is termed EVMS@R-HNC, that consists of the multifunctional drug everolimus (EVMS) encapsulated by the hepatitis B virus core protein modifies to contain the RGD sequence to specifically bind to integrin αvβ3 is designed. Both in vitro and in vivo results show that EVMS@R-HNC can target macrophages as well as SMCs. Upon binding of the nanodrug, the EVMS is released intracellularly where it exhibits multiple functions, including inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization, thereby suppressing the self-propagating inflammatory cascade and immune microenvironment imbalance, while preserving the normal contractile function of SMCs. Collectively, these results suggest that EVMS@R-HNC presents a highly promising therapeutic approach for the management of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandi Mo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Chufan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Zheyun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuchong Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Chengkai Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Enci Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Tong Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Ziang Zuo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province University/Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery (Xiamen), Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, 361015, China
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Cawich I, Armstrong EJ, George JC, Golzar J, Shishehbor MH, Razavi M, Lee V, Ouriel K. Temsirolimus Adventitial Delivery to Improve ANGiographic Outcomes Below the Knee. J Endovasc Ther 2024; 31:562-575. [PMID: 36320143 DOI: 10.1177/15266028221131459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current endovascular treatments of below the knee (BTK) popliteal or tibial/peroneal arteries including investigational drug-coated balloons have limited long-term efficacy. OBJECTIVES This Phase 2 trial assessed the feasibility of adventitial deposition of temsirolimus to reduce neointimal hyperplasia and clinically relevant target lesion failure (CR-TLF) 6 months after BTK arterial revascularization. METHODS This prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, comparative, dose-escalation trial enrolled 61 patients with Rutherford 3 to 5 symptoms undergoing endovascular revascularization of ≥1 angiographically significant BTK lesions. Perivascular infusion after completion of arterial revascularization was randomized into control (saline) vs low-dose (0.1 mg/mL) temsirolimus groups for the first 30 patients. In the second part of the trial, patients were randomized to control versus high-dose (0.4 mg/mL) temsirolimus groups. Primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were target lesion (TL) transverse-view vessel area loss percentage (TVAL%) and CR-TLF at 6 months, respectively. CR-TLF was defined as a composite of ischemia-driven major amputation of the target limb, clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), and clinically relevant TL occlusion. The primary safety endpoint was freedom from major adverse limb events or perioperative death (MALE+POD) at 30 days. RESULTS There was no discernable difference in effect between temsirolimus doses; therefore, the low- and high-dose cohorts were pooled for the analyses. The principal analysis on the per protocol (PP) group of 53 patients revealed superior primary efficacy of the treatment arm, with reduction in TVAL% of 13.9% absolute (37.3% relative) and the rate of CR-TLF reduced by 27.1% absolute (51.3% relative), at 6 months. Subgroup analysis of all Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) B to D lesions (N=36) revealed TVAL% reduction of 22.3% absolute (48.3% relative) and the rate of CR-TLF reduced by 39.2% absolute (56.6% relative). Freedom from 30-day MALE+POD was 100% in all groups. CONCLUSIONS This hypothesis-generating trial suggests that adventitial infusion of temsirolimus in BTK arteries improves TVAL% and CR-TLF with no adverse safety signals through 6 months, supporting the move to a Phase 3 trial. CLINICAL IMPACT There remain gaps in the endovascular treatment of patients with atherosclerotic lesions of below-the-knee (BTK) arteries. The TANGO trial evaluated the use of sub-adventitial temsirolimus with the Bullfrog micro-infusion device during BTK interventions. The therapy was safe and effective. Compared with controls, vessel lumen area patency was improved, and target lesion failure was less frequent. The effects were most appreciable in subjects with higher baseline TASC lesions (B, C, or D). Sub-adventitial temsirolimus offers the potential to improve the results of BTK interventions in this challenging patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cawich
- Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Jon C George
- Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Mehdi H Shishehbor
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Zhou H, Zhang R, Li M, Wang F, Gao Y, Fang K, Zong J, Chang X. Methazolamide Can Treat Atherosclerosis by Increasing Immunosuppressive Cells and Decreasing Expressions of Genes Related to Proinflammation, Calcification, and Tissue Remodeling. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:5009637. [PMID: 39081633 PMCID: PMC11288698 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5009637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that carbonic anhydrase I (CA1) is a target for the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis (AS) since CA1 can promote AS aortic calcification. We also found that methazolamide (MTZ), a drug for glaucoma treatment and an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrases, can treat AS by inhibiting calcification in aortic tissues. This study focused on the therapeutic mechanism of MTZ and the pathogenic mechanism of AS. In this study, a routine AS animal model was established in ApoE-/- mice, which were treated with MTZ. The aortic tissues were analyzed using single-cell sequencing. MTZ significantly increased the proportions of B-1/MZB B cells with high expressions of Nr4A1 and Ccr7, CD8+CD122+ Treg-like cells with high Nr4A1 expression, and smooth muscle cells with high Tpm2 expression. These cells or their marker genes were reported to exert immunosuppressive, anti-proinflammatory, and atheroprotective effects. MTZ also decreased the proportions of endothelial cells with high expressions of Retn, Apoc1, Lcn2, Mt1, Serpina3, Lpl, and Lgals3; nonclassical CD14+CD16++ monocytes with high expressions of Mt1, Tyrobp, Lgals3, and Cxcl2; and Spp1+ macrophages with high expressions of Mmp-12, Trem2, Mt1, Lgals3, Cxcl2, and Lpl. These cells or their marker genes have been reported to promote inflammation, calcification, tissue remodeling, and atherogenesis. A significant decrease in the proportion of CD8+CD183 (CXCR3)+ T cells, the counterpart of murine CD8+CD122+ T cells, was detected in the peripheral blood of newly diagnosed AS patients rather than in that of patients receiving anti-AS treatments. These results suggest that MTZ can treat AS by increasing immunosuppressive cells and decreasing expressions of genes related to inflammation, calcification, and tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Zhou
- Medical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao 266000, China
- Department of CardiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Min Li
- Clinical Laboratory and Central LaboratoryQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Road Renmin 4, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory and Central LaboratoryQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Road Renmin 4, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Bacterial Anti-tumor Drugs and Cell Therapy, Jingshi Road 7000, Jinan 250000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kehua Fang
- Clinical LaboratoryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Jinbao Zong
- Clinical Laboratory and Central LaboratoryQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Road Renmin 4, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Medical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao 266000, China
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Macchioni P, Germanò G, Girolimetto N, Klinowski G, Gavioli L, Muratore F, Laneri A, Ricordi C, Marvisi C, Magnani L, Salvarani C. Ultrasound Examination of Common Carotid Adventitial Thickness Can Differentiate Takayasu Arteritis and Large Vessel Giant Cell Arteritis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:627. [PMID: 38929848 PMCID: PMC11205024 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14060627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological studies have demonstrated that the adventitial layer is markedly thickened in Takayasu (TAK) as compared to large vessel giant cell arteritis (LV-GCA). An ultrasound (US) examination of the arterial vessels allows the determination of intima media thickness (IMT) and of adventitial layer thickness (extra media thickness (EMT)). No previous study has evaluated if there are differences in EMT thickness between TAK and LV-GCA. In this cross-sectional retrospective study of stored ultrasound (US) imaging, we have compared common carotid artery (CCA) EMT and IMT in a series of consecutive TAK and LV-GCA patients. US examination CCA IMT and EMT were significantly higher in TAK as compared to LV-GCA. With ROC curve analysis, we have found that an EMT > 0.76 mm has high sensitivity and specificity for TAK CCA examination. The percentage of CCA at EMT > 0.76 mm and the total arterial wall thickening were significantly higher in TAK group examinations. EMT thickness correlated with disease duration and IMT in the TAK group, as well as with the IMT and ESR values in the LV-GCA group. Upon multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with TAK CCA were EMT > 0.76 mm and age. No significant variation in IMT and EMT could be demonstrated in subsequent US CCA examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Macchioni
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Germanò
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Nicolò Girolimetto
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Giulia Klinowski
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Letizia Gavioli
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Francesco Muratore
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Laneri
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Caterina Ricordi
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Marvisi
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Magnani
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Division of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (G.G.); (N.G.); (G.K.); (L.G.); (F.M.); (A.L.); (C.M.); (L.M.); (C.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
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5
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Mulholland M, Depuydt MAC, Jakobsson G, Ljungcrantz I, Grentzmann A, To F, Bengtsson E, Jaensson Gyllenbäck E, Grönberg C, Rattik S, Liberg D, Schiopu A, Björkbacka H, Kuiper J, Bot I, Slütter B, Engelbertsen D. Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein blockade limits the development of atherosclerosis and reduces plaque inflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:581-595. [PMID: 38563353 PMCID: PMC11074796 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) is a co-receptor required for signalling through the IL-1, IL-33, and IL-36 receptors. Using a novel anti-IL1RAP-blocking antibody, we investigated the role of IL1RAP in atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Single-cell RNA sequencing data from human atherosclerotic plaques revealed the expression of IL1RAP and several IL1RAP-related cytokines and receptors, including IL1B and IL33. Histological analysis showed the presence of IL1RAP in both the plaque and adventitia, and flow cytometry of murine atherosclerotic aortas revealed IL1RAP expression on plaque leucocytes, including neutrophils and macrophages. High-cholesterol diet fed apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice were treated with a novel non-depleting IL1RAP-blocking antibody or isotype control for the last 6 weeks of diet. IL1RAP blockade in mice resulted in a 20% reduction in subvalvular plaque size and limited the accumulation of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages in plaques and of T cells in adventitia, compared with control mice. Indicative of reduced plaque inflammation, the expression of several genes related to leucocyte recruitment, including Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, was reduced in brachiocephalic arteries of anti-IL1RAP-treated mice, and the expression of these chemokines in human plaques was mainly restricted to CD68+ myeloid cells. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrated that IL-1, IL-33, and IL-36 induced CXCL1 release from both macrophages and fibroblasts, which could be mitigated by IL1RAP blockade. CONCLUSION Limiting IL1RAP-dependent cytokine signalling pathways in atherosclerotic mice reduces plaque burden and plaque inflammation, potentially by limiting plaque chemokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Mulholland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Immune Regulation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marie A C Depuydt
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel Jakobsson
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cardiac Inflammation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Irena Ljungcrantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Immune Regulation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andrietta Grentzmann
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Immune Regulation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fong To
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Matrix and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eva Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Matrix and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms—Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sara Rattik
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Immune Regulation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Cantargia AB, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Alexandru Schiopu
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cardiac Inflammation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Harry Björkbacka
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Cellular Metabolism and Inflammation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ilze Bot
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Slütter
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Engelbertsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research—Immune Regulation, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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6
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Taze D, Chakrabarty A, Mackie S, Luqmani R, Cid MC, Morgan AW, Griffin K. Re: Nair et al. Consensus statement on the processing, interpretation and reporting of temporal artery biopsy for arteritis. Cardiovasc Pathol 2024; 70:107621. [PMID: 38365062 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Taze
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sarah Mackie
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; University of Leeds, UK and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Raashid Luqmani
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria C Cid
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases (Vasculitis Research Unit), Institute of Biomedical Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ann W Morgan
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; University of Leeds, UK and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Kathryn Griffin
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; University of Leeds, UK and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
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7
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Chacar S, Abdi A, Almansoori K, Alshamsi J, Al Hageh C, Zalloua P, Khraibi AA, Holt SG, Nader M. Role of CaMKII in diabetes induced vascular injury and its interaction with anti-diabetes therapy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:369-382. [PMID: 38064002 PMCID: PMC10943158 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder denoted by chronic hyperglycemia that drives maladaptive structural changes and functional damage to the vasculature. Attenuation of this pathological remodeling of blood vessels remains an unmet target owing to paucity of information on the metabolic signatures of this process. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is expressed in the vasculature and is implicated in the control of blood vessels homeostasis. Recently, CaMKII has attracted a special attention in view of its chronic upregulated activity in diabetic tissues, yet its role in the diabetic vasculature remains under investigation.This review highlights the physiological and pathological actions of CaMKII in the diabetic vasculature, with focus on the control of the dialogue between endothelial (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Activation of CaMKII enhances EC and VSMC proliferation and migration, and increases the production of extracellular matrix which leads to maladaptive remodeling of vessels. This is manifested by activation of genes/proteins implicated in the control of the cell cycle, cytoskeleton organization, proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is paralleled by impaired nitric oxide signaling, which is also influenced by CaMKII signaling (activation/oxidation). The efficiency of CaMKII inhibitors is currently being tested in animal models, with a focus on the genetic pathways involved in the regulation of CaMKII expression (microRNAs and single nucleotide polymorphisms). Interestingly, studies highlight an interaction between the anti-diabetic drugs and CaMKII expression/activity which requires further investigation. Together, the studies reviewed herein may guide pharmacological approaches to improve health-related outcomes in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Chacar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Abdulhamid Abdi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalifa Almansoori
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jawaher Alshamsi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cynthia Al Hageh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stephen G Holt
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- SEHA Kidney Care, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Moni Nader
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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8
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Owen MC, Kopecky BJ. Targeting Macrophages in Organ Transplantation: A Step Toward Personalized Medicine. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00690. [PMID: 38467591 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Organ transplantation remains the most optimal strategy for patients with end-stage organ failure. However, prevailing methods of immunosuppression are marred by adverse side effects, and allograft rejection remains common. It is imperative to identify and comprehensively characterize the cell types involved in allograft rejection, and develop therapies with greater specificity. There is increasing recognition that processes mediating allograft rejection are the result of interactions between innate and adaptive immune cells. Macrophages are heterogeneous innate immune cells with diverse functions that contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute rejection, and chronic rejection. Macrophages are inflammatory cells capable of innate allorecognition that strengthen their responses to secondary exposures over time via "trained immunity." However, macrophages also adopt immunoregulatory phenotypes and may promote allograft tolerance. In this review, we discuss the roles of macrophages in rejection and tolerance, and detail how macrophage plasticity and polarization influence transplantation outcomes. A comprehensive understanding of macrophages in transplant will guide future personalized approaches to therapies aimed at facilitating tolerance or mitigating the rejection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macee C Owen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MI
| | - Benjamin J Kopecky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MI
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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9
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Han S, Nie C, Wang C, Song M, Li J, Cui X, Yang Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Cai W, Weng X, Wang Y, Zhu X. Shenlian extract improves atherosclerosis by relieving adventitial inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117339. [PMID: 37866468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenlian (SL) extract, a Chinese medicinal compound mainly pointing at inflammation response of atherosclerosis, is composed of Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge and Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees. Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge has been reported to activate blood to remove stasis, while another herb, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, has been revealed to clear endogenous heat toxins. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of these two herbs have been reported closely relating to inflammation. However, from the point of view of adventitial inflammation, the in-depth study of SL extract in anti-atherosclerotic effects by relieving adventitial inflammation is still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effects of adventitial inflammation in atherosclerosis progression and if SL extract could reverse the process. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel atherosclerosis model based on adventitial inflammation was established. High-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice were implanted a cotton thread soaked with LPS on the right common carotid artery (RCCA). Meanwhile, three time points were set (week 2, 4, and 12) to accurately evaluate the effect of SL extract on the whole process of atherosclerosis with adventitial inflammation. The pathological changes of phenotype transformation of VAFs, vascular cell proliferation and collagen synthesis were observed dynamically by immunohistochemistry (IHC), BrdU method and sirius red staining. Then primary VAFs were stimulated by LPS to mirror the process of adventitial inflammation in vitro. The VAFS phenotype conversion and its function alterations including proliferation, migration, inflammatory secretion was assessed. Finally, we established a co-culture model of activated VAFs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to observe the impacts of activated VAFs on phenotype transformation and migration of VSMCs. RESULTS SL extract improved atherosclerosis progression by reducing lipid content, adventitial inflammation and plaque formation. HE results showed sham-operated group (Sham) appeared light infiltrated inflammation only in adventitia at week 2, and the degree of inflammation infiltrated in model was more severe than that in Sham at week 2, 4, and 12. At week 12, the sham and model group showed evidently thickened media and intima. The phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration of vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs) as well as inflammatory secretion enhanced remarkably in vivo and vitro, but SL extract reversed these changes. Moreover, SL extract downregulated JAK2-STAT3-MMP2 signal pathway. The VSMCs transformed from contractile phenotype into synthetic phenotype and the migration of VSMCs increased after co-culture with activated VAFs. In contrast, SL extract could suppress theses effects. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, atherosclerotic inflammation could be a "outside-in" signaling. Adventitial inflammation not only accelerated intimal plaque formation in atherosclerosis, but also worsened the degree of vascular lesion. And SL extract improved atherosclerosis by relieving adventitial inflammation, and the underlying mechanisms could be associated with curbing phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration of VAFs and VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Han
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chunxia Nie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chunmiao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xihe Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Weiyan Cai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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10
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Mota L, Zhu M, Li J, Contreras M, Aridi T, Tomeo JN, Stafford A, Mooney DJ, Pradhan-Nabzdyk L, Ferran C, LoGerfo FW, Liang P. Perivascular CLICK-gelatin delivery of thrombospondin-2 small interfering RNA decreases development of intimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23321. [PMID: 38031974 PMCID: PMC10726962 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301359r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Bypass graft failure occurs in 20%-50% of coronary and lower extremity bypasses within the first-year due to intimal hyperplasia (IH). TSP-2 is a key regulatory protein that has been implicated in the development of IH following vessel injury. In this study, we developed a biodegradable CLICK-chemistry gelatin-based hydrogel to achieve sustained perivascular delivery of TSP-2 siRNA to rat carotid arteries following endothelial denudation injury. At 21 days, perivascular application of TSP-2 siRNA embedded hydrogels significantly downregulated TSP-2 gene expression, cellular proliferation, as well as other associated mediators of IH including MMP-9 and VEGF-R2, ultimately resulting in a significant decrease in IH. Our data illustrates the ability of perivascular CLICK-gelatin delivery of TSP-2 siRNA to mitigate IH following arterial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Mota
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Max Zhu
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Jennifer Li
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Mauricio Contreras
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Tarek Aridi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - John N. Tomeo
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Alexander Stafford
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - David J. Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Leena Pradhan-Nabzdyk
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Christiane Ferran
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
- The Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Frank W. LoGerfo
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Patric Liang
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
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11
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Qiao Q, Wang B, Xu M, Qi Z. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound evaluation of plaque vulnerability and the relationship between peripheral blood leukocytes. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:187-197. [PMID: 38427471 DOI: 10.3233/ch-232034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate plaque vulnerability by carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to analyze the correlation between plaque vulnerability and peripheral blood leukocyte classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS 135 patients with carotid plaque were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Plaque vulnerability was assessed by semiquantitative visual classification. Baseline clinical data and peripheral leukocyte classification were collected. Ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between plaque neovascularization grade and peripheral leukocyte classification count. RESULTS There were significant differences in leukocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts between different neovascular plaque grades and peripheral blood (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that leukocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts were significantly positively correlated. CONCLUSION The increase in plaque neovascularization is associated with an increase in circulating leukocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils. Therefore, CEUS combined with peripheral blood leukocytes may serve as an early warning of plaque vulnerability and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiao
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Ultrasound, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Bingshuang Wang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Minzhe Xu
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Ultrasound, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhengqin Qi
- Department of Ultrasound, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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12
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Lopes E, Machado-Oliveira G, Simões CG, Ferreira IS, Ramos C, Ramalho J, Soares MIL, Melo TMVDPE, Puertollano R, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cholesteryl Hemiazelate Present in Cardiovascular Disease Patients Causes Lysosome Dysfunction in Murine Fibroblasts. Cells 2023; 12:2826. [PMID: 38132146 PMCID: PMC10741512 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence supporting the role of fibroblasts in all stages of atherosclerosis, from the initial phase to fibrous cap and plaque formation. In the arterial wall, as with macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts are exposed to a myriad of LDL lipids, including the lipid species formed during the oxidation of their polyunsaturated fatty acids of cholesteryl esters (PUFA-CEs). Recently, our group identified the final oxidation products of the PUFA-CEs, cholesteryl hemiesters (ChE), in tissues from cardiovascular disease patients. Cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA), the most prevalent lipid of this family, is sufficient to impact lysosome function in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, with consequences for their homeostasis. Here, we show that the lysosomal compartment of ChA-treated fibroblasts also becomes dysfunctional. Indeed, fibroblasts exposed to ChA exhibited a perinuclear accumulation of enlarged lysosomes full of neutral lipids. However, this outcome did not trigger de novo lysosome biogenesis, and only the lysosomal transcription factor E3 (TFE3) was slightly transcriptionally upregulated. As a consequence, autophagy was inhibited, probably via mTORC1 activation, culminating in fibroblasts' apoptosis. Our findings suggest that the impairment of lysosome function and autophagy and the induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts may represent an additional mechanism by which ChA can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizeth Lopes
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Catarina Guerreiro Simões
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Inês S. Ferreira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Cristiano Ramos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - José Ramalho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Maria I. L. Soares
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC)–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.I.L.S.); (T.M.V.D.P.e.M.)
| | - Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC)–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.I.L.S.); (T.M.V.D.P.e.M.)
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - André R. A. Marques
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Otília V. Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
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13
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Song W, Tu G, Qin L, Wei L, Chen J. Macrophage in Sporadic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: Potential Therapeutic and Preventing Target. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:340. [PMID: 39077089 PMCID: PMC11272886 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2412340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder lacking effective clinical pharmacological therapies. The underlying molecular mechanisms of TAAD still remain elusive with participation of versatile cell types and components including endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, immune cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The main pathological features of TAAD include SMC dysfunction, phenotypic switching, and ECM degradation, which is closely associated with inflammation and immune cell infiltration. Among various types of immune cells, macrophages are a distinct participator in the formation and progression of TAAD. In this review, we first highlight the important role of inflammation and immune cell infiltration in TAAD. Furthermore, we discuss the role of macrophages in TAAD from the aspects of macrophage origination, classification, and functions. On the basis of experimental and clinical studies, we summarize key regulators of macrophages in TAAD. Finally, we review how targeting macrophages can reduce TAAD in murine models. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of TAAD may provide novel insights into preventing and treating the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Guowei Tu
- Cardiac Intensive Care Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lieyang Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
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14
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Dubner AM, Lu S, Jolly AJ, Strand KA, Mutryn MF, Hinthorn T, Noble T, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MC. Smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells direct atherosclerotic plaque composition complexity in a Klf4-dependent manner. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e174639. [PMID: 37991018 PMCID: PMC10755692 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously established that vascular smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor cells (AdvSca1-SM) preferentially differentiate into myofibroblasts and contribute to fibrosis in response to acute vascular injury. However, the role of these progenitor cells in chronic atherosclerosis has not been defined. Using an AdvSca1-SM cell lineage tracing model, scRNA-Seq, flow cytometry, and histological approaches, we confirmed that AdvSca1-SM-derived cells localized throughout the vessel wall and atherosclerotic plaques, where they primarily differentiated into fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells (SMC), or remained in a stem-like state. Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) knockout specifically in AdvSca1-SM cells induced transition to a more collagen-enriched fibroblast phenotype compared with WT mice. Additionally, Klf4 deletion drastically modified the phenotypes of non-AdvSca1-SM-derived cells, resulting in more contractile SMC and atheroprotective macrophages. Functionally, overall plaque burden was not altered with Klf4 deletion, but multiple indices of plaque composition complexity, including necrotic core area, macrophage accumulation, and fibrous cap thickness, were reduced. Collectively, these data support that modulation of AdvSca1-SM cells through KLF4 depletion confers increased protection from the development of potentially unstable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Dubner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | - Austin J. Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Keith A. Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Marie F. Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Tyler Hinthorn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tysen Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology MS program, University of Colorado Graduate School, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Raphael A. Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | - Karen S. Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark W. Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, Laboratory Medicine & and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Integrated Physiology PhD Program
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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15
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Yan A, Gotlieb AI. The microenvironment of the atheroma expresses phenotypes of plaque instability. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 67:107572. [PMID: 37595697 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from histopathology studies of human atherosclerotic tissue specimens and from vascular imaging studies support the concept that the local arterial microenvironment of a stable atheroma promotes destabilizing conditions that result in the transition to an unstable atheroma. Destabilization is characterized by several different plaque phenotypes that cause major clinical events such as acute coronary syndrome and cerebrovascular strokes. There are several rupture-associated phenotypes causing thrombotic vascular occlusion including simple fibrous cap rupture of an atheroma, fibrous cap rupture at site of previous rupture-and-repair of an atheroma, and nodular calcification with rupture. Endothelial erosion without rupture has more recently been shown to be a common phenotype to promote thrombosis as well. Microenvironment features that are linked to these phenotypes of plaque instability are neovascularization arising from the vasa vasorum network leading to necrotic core expansion, intraplaque hemorrhage, and cap rupture; activation of adventitial and perivascular adipose tissue cells leading to secretion of cytokines, growth factors, adipokines in the outer artery wall that destabilize plaque structure; and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching through transdifferentiation and stem/progenitor cell activation resulting in the promotion of inflammation, calcification, and secretion of extracellular matrix, altering fibrous cap structure, and necrotic core growth. As the technology evolves, studies using noninvasive vascular imaging will be able to investigate the transition of stable to unstable atheromas in real time. A limitation in the field, however, is that reliable and predictable experimental models of spontaneous plaque rupture and/or erosion are not currently available to study the cell and molecular mechanisms that regulate the conversion of the stable atheroma to an unstable plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Avrum I Gotlieb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Jia Y, Li D, Yu J, Jiang W, Liu Y, Li F, Zeng R, Wan Z, Liao X. Angiogenesis in Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: A Literature Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:223. [PMID: 39076698 PMCID: PMC11266809 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2408223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (AA/AD) are critical aortic diseases with a hidden onset and sudden rupture, usually resulting in an inevitable death. Several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors that induce new capillary formation in the existing blood vessels regulate angiogenesis. In addition, aortic disease mainly manifests as the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells of the adventitia vasa vasorum. An increasing number of studies have shown that angiogenesis is a characteristic change that may promote AA/AD occurrence, progression, and rupture. Furthermore, neocapillaries are leaky and highly susceptible to injury by cytotoxic agents, which promote extracellular matrix remodeling, facilitate inflammatory cell infiltration, and release coagulation factors and proteases within the wall. Mechanistically, inflammation, hypoxia, and angiogenic factor signaling play important roles in angiogenesis in AA/AD under the complex interaction of multiple cell types, such as smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils. Therefore, based on current evidence, this review aims to discuss the manifestation, pathological role, and underlying mechanisms of angiogenesis involved in AA/AD, providing insights into the prevention and treatment of AA/AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongze Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Wan
- Department of Emergency Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Disaster Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University West China School of Medicine, 610044 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liao
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Upadhyay P, Wu CW, Pham A, Zeki AA, Royer CM, Kodavanti UP, Takeuchi M, Bayram H, Pinkerton KE. Animal models and mechanisms of tobacco smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2023; 26:275-305. [PMID: 37183431 PMCID: PMC10718174 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2023.2208886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and its global health burden is increasing. COPD is characterized by emphysema, mucus hypersecretion, and persistent lung inflammation, and clinically by chronic airflow obstruction and symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and fatigue in patients. A cluster of pathologies including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and cardiovascular disease in the form of hypertension and atherosclerosis variably coexist in COPD patients. Underlying causes for COPD include primarily tobacco use but may also be driven by exposure to air pollutants, biomass burning, and workplace related fumes and chemicals. While no single animal model might mimic all features of human COPD, a wide variety of published models have collectively helped to improve our understanding of disease processes involved in the genesis and persistence of COPD. In this review, the pathogenesis and associated risk factors of COPD are examined in different mammalian models of the disease. Each animal model included in this review is exclusively created by tobacco smoke (TS) exposure. As animal models continue to aid in defining the pathobiological mechanisms of and possible novel therapeutic interventions for COPD, the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Upadhyay
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Ching-Wen Wu
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Alexa Pham
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Amir A. Zeki
- Department of Internal Medicine; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, School of Medicine; University of California, Davis, School of Medicine; U.C. Davis Lung Center; Davis, CA USA
| | - Christopher M. Royer
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Urmila P. Kodavanti
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Minoru Takeuchi
- Department of Animal Medical Science, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hasan Bayram
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kent E. Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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18
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Wen N, Li J, Zhang W, Li P, Yin X, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. Monitoring the Progression of Early Atherosclerosis Using a Fluorescence Nanoprobe for the Detection and Imaging of Phosphorylation and Glucose Levels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302161. [PMID: 37072376 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the early stage of atherosclerosis (AS) without plaque formation is of great significance. Herein, we developed a metal organic framework (MOF)-based fluorescence nanoprobe to analyze the progression of AS by assessing the levels of protein phosphorylation and glucose in blood and tissue. The probe was prepared by post-modification of the MOF with iodine (I3 - )-rhodamine B (RhB) associate, which realizes the specific recognition of target object through the metal joint ZrIV and I3 - -RhB, respectively. We investigated different stages of target object changes in the early non-plaque stage of AS in blood. It was found that the levels of phosphate and glucose in the blood were higher than those of the normal mice. The results of two-photon images showed that early AS mice had higher levels of protein phosphorylation and glucose than that of the normal mice. The present study provides a suitable fluorescence tool for further revealing the pathogenesis and progression of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
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19
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Grunz EA, Jones BW, Lateef OM, Sen S, Wilkinson K, Joshi T, Boerman EM. Adventitial macrophage accumulation impairs perivascular nerve function in mesenteric arteries with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1198066. [PMID: 37342800 PMCID: PMC10278583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1198066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease involves aberrant immune responses and is associated with both cardiovascular disease risk and altered intestinal blood flow. However, little is known about how inflammatory bowel disease affects regulation of perivascular nerves that mediate blood flow. Previous work found perivascular nerve function is impaired in mesenteric arteries with Inflammatory bowel disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of impaired perivascular nerve function. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on mesenteric arteries from IL10-/- mice treated with H. hepaticus to induce disease (inflammatory bowel disease) or left non-gavaged (Control). For all other studies, Control and Inflammatory bowel disease mice received either saline or clodronate liposome injections to study the effect of macrophage depletion. Perivascular nerve function was assessed using pressure myography and electrical field stimulation. Leukocyte populations, and perivascular nerves, and adventitial neurotransmitter receptors were labeled using fluorescent immunolabeling. Results: Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with increases in macrophage-associated gene expression, and immunolabeling showed accumulation of adventitial macrophages. Clodronate liposome injection eliminated adventitial macrophages, which reversed significant attenuation of sensory vasodilation, sympathetic vasoconstriction and sensory inhibition of sympathetic constriction in inflammatory bowel disease. Acetylcholine-mediated dilation was impaired in inflammatory bowel disease and restored after macrophage depletion, but sensory dilation remained nitric oxide independent regardless of disease and/or macrophage presence. Conclusion: Altered neuro-immune signaling between macrophages and perivascular nerves in the arterial adventitia contributes to impaired vasodilation, particularly via dilatory sensory nerves. Targeting the adventitial macrophage population may help preserve intestinal blood flow in Inflammatory bowel disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Grunz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Benjamin W. Jones
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Olubodun Michael Lateef
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Sidharth Sen
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Katie Wilkinson
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Trupti Joshi
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Health Management and Informatics and Christopher S Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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20
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Jolly AJ, Lu S, Dubner AM, Strand KA, Mutryn MF, Pilotti-Riley A, Danis EP, Nemenoff RA, Moulton KS, Majesky MW, Weiser-Evans MC. Redistribution of the chromatin remodeler Brg1 directs smooth muscle-derived adventitial progenitor-to-myofibroblast differentiation and vascular fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164862. [PMID: 36976650 PMCID: PMC10243795 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle-derived Sca1+ adventitial progenitor (AdvSca1-SM) cells are tissue-resident, multipotent stem cells that contribute to progression of vascular remodeling and fibrosis. Upon acute vascular injury, AdvSca1-SM cells differentiate into myofibroblasts and are embedded in perivascular collagen and the extracellular matrix. While the phenotypic properties of AdvSca1-SM-derived myofibroblasts have been defined, the underlying epigenetic regulators driving the AdvSca1-SM-to-myofibroblast transition are unclear. We show that the chromatin remodeler Smarca4/Brg1 facilitates AdvSca1-SM myofibroblast differentiation. Brg1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in AdvSca1-SM cells after acute vascular injury, and pharmacological inhibition of Brg1 by the small molecule PFI-3 attenuated perivascular fibrosis and adventitial expansion. TGF-β1 stimulation of AdvSca1-SM cells in vitro reduced expression of stemness genes while inducing expression of myofibroblast genes that was associated with enhanced contractility; PFI blocked TGF-β1-induced phenotypic transition. Similarly, genetic knockdown of Brg1 in vivo reduced adventitial remodeling and fibrosis and reversed AdvSca1-SM-to-myofibroblast transition in vitro. Mechanistically, TGF-β1 promoted redistribution of Brg1 from distal intergenic sites of stemness genes and recruitment to promoter regions of myofibroblast-related genes, which was blocked by PFI-3. These data provide insight into epigenetic regulation of resident vascular progenitor cell differentiation and support that manipulating the AdvSca1-SM phenotype will provide antifibrotic clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- Medical Scientist Training Program
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | | | - Keith A. Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Marie F. Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | | | | | - Raphael A. Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, and
| | - Karen S. Moulton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark W. Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
- School of Medicine, Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, and
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21
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Perrotta I. Atherosclerosis: From Molecular Biology to Therapeutic Perspective 3.0. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086897. [PMID: 37108058 PMCID: PMC10138640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease triggered and sustained by different risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoke, elevated homocysteine, and hormones [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Perrotta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
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22
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Grunz EA, Jones BW, Sen S, Wilkenson K, Joshi T, Boerman EM. Adventitial macrophage accumulation impairs perivascular nerve function in mesenteric arteries with inflammatory bowel disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.04.535591. [PMID: 37066314 PMCID: PMC10104036 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.535591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves aberrant immune responses and is associated with both cardiovascular disease risk and altered intestinal blood flow. However, little is known about how IBD affects regulation of perivascular nerves that mediate blood flow. Previous work found perivascular nerve function is impaired in mesenteric arteries with IBD. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of impaired perivascular nerve function. Methods RNA sequencing was performed on mesenteric arteries from IL10 -/- mice treated with H.hepaticus to induce disease (IBD) or left non-gavaged (Control). For all other studies, Control and IBD mice received either saline or clodronate liposome injections to study the effect of macrophage depletion. Perivascular nerve function was assessed using pressure myography and electrical field stimulation. Fluorescent immunolabeling was used to label leukocyte populations and perivascular nerves. Results IBD was associated with increased in macrophage-associated gene expression, and immunolabeling showed accumulation of adventitial macrophages. Clodronate liposome injection eliminated adventitial macrophages, which reversed significant attenuation of sensory vasodilation, sympathetic vasoconstriction and sensory inhibition of sympathetic constriction in IBD. Acetylcholine-mediated dilation was impaired in IBD and restored after macrophage depletion, but sensory dilation remained nitric oxide independent regardless of disease and/or macrophage presence. Conclusion Altered neuro-immune signaling between macrophages and perivascular nerves in the arterial adventitia contributes to impaired vasodilation, particularly via dilatory sensory nerves. Targeting the adventitial macrophage population may help preserve intestinal blood flow in IBD patients.
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23
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COVID-19 and Vasa vasorum: New Atherogenic Factor? A Case Report and Autopsy Findings. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061097. [PMID: 36980405 PMCID: PMC10047382 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 demonstrate higher rates of cardiovascular complications, including thromboses and thromboembolism. One may suppose that the action of SARS-CoV-2 transforms stable atherosclerotic plaques into unstable status. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 may be caused by progressive viral alteration of the blood vessels, including Vasa vasorum. A lethal case of ischemic brain disease caused by cerebral atherosclerosis and exacerbated by a stroke during COVID-19 infection is briefly described. The results of the autopsy showed perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and signs of Vasa vasorum vasculitis with thrombi of adventitial microvasculature. The data discussed in the article are interpreted in the context of the concept giving the important role in atherogenesis to Vasa vasorum.
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24
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Hollan I. Lessons from Cardiac and Vascular Biopsies from Patients with and without Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2023; 49:129-150. [PMID: 36424021 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Feiring Heart Biopsy Study enables searching for potential pathogenetic mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and biomarkers through the assessment of clinical data and multiple blood and tissue samples from patients with and without inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs), undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Some of our findings, for example, more inflammation (including the presence of immune cells and expression of proinflammatory cytokines) in vessels and the heart, and the presence of certain bacteria and autoantigens in vessels, could contribute to the increased risk of ischemia, aneurysms, and/or cardiac dysfunction in IRDs. Furthermore, some of the detected factors could be involved in the pathomechanisms of these conditions in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Hollan
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Teknologivegen 22, 2815 Gjøvik, Norway.
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25
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Kawabata Y, Wakatsuki T, Yamaguchi K, Fukuda D, Ito H, Matsuura T, Kusunose K, Ise T, Yagi S, Yamada H, Soeki T, Tsuruo Y, Sata M. Association of Microluminal Structures Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography With Local Inflammation in Adjacent Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Coronary Plaque Characteristics in Fresh Cadavers. Circ J 2023; 87:329-335. [PMID: 36244741 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary intraplaque microluminal structures (MS) are associated with plaque vulnerability, and the inward progression of vascular inflammation from the adventitia towards the media and intima has also been demonstrated. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the relationships among MS, local inflammation in adjacent epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), and coronary plaque characteristics.Methods and Results: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed MS in the left anterior descending coronary artery in 10 fresh cadaveric hearts. We sampled 30 lesions and subdivided them based on the presence of MS: MS (+) group (n=19) and MS (-) group (n=11). We measured inflammatory molecule levels in the adjacent EAT and percentage lipid volume assessed by integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound in each lesion. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor B and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 were significantly higher in the MS (+) group than in the MS (-) group (0.9±0.7 vs. 0.2±0.2 arbitrary units (AU), P=0.04 and 1.5±0.5 vs. 0.6±0.7 AU, P=0.02, respectively). Percentage lipid volume was significantly higher in the MS (+) group than in the MS (-) group (38.7±16.5 vs. 23.7±10.9%, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Intraplaque MS observed on OCT were associated with lipid-rich plaques and local inflammation in the adjacent EAT. Collectively, these results suggest that local inflammation in the EAT is associated with coronary plaque vulnerability via MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kawabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tetsuzo Wakatsuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Daiju Fukuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kenya Kusunose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takayuki Ise
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Hirotsugu Yamada
- Department of Community Medicine for Cardiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Soeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.,Department of Community Medicine and Medical Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Yoshihiro Tsuruo
- Department of Anatomy, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
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26
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Wu R, Zhou Y, Xu H, Zhao W, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Cui Q, Ning J, Chen H, An S. Aqueous extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge reduces blood pressure through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis of adventitia in primary hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093669. [PMID: 36925635 PMCID: PMC10011461 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the availability of antihypertensive drugs, alternative treatments are needed due to the adverse events associated with their use. Previous studies have shown that SABP, a combination of aqueous active metabolites of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge DSS, Sal-A, Sal-B and PAL, has a significant antihypertensive effect. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of SABP on vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Additionally, the response of adventitial fibroblasts in SHRs to SABP treatment was also studied, including their proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Methods: SABP or perindopril (positive control) were administered intraperitoneally to SHRs, and systolic blood pressure was measured using a tail-cuff approach. The effects of SABP on oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular remodeling were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, histochemical staining, and Western blot. Adventitial fibroblasts were isolated and cultured from the adventitia of thoracic aorta in SHR and WKY rats. CCK8 assay, wound healing method and immunostaining were used to observe the effect of SABP on fibroblasts proliferation, migration and transformation into myofibroblasts. Moreover, Western blot analysis was also performed to detect the proteins related to oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in adventitial fibroblasts. Results: SHRs displayed higher blood pressure with significant vascular remodeling compared to WKY rats. The thoracic aorta and adventitial fibroblasts of SHRs exhibited significant oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. SABP treatment repressed oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and vascular remodeling of thoracic aorta in SHR through the ROS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and inhibited fibrosis of thoracic aorta. Additionally, SABP inhibited the proliferation and migration of adventitial fibroblasts and their transformation to myofibroblasts in vitro through the TGFβ/Smad3 signaling pathway. Conclusion: These findings suggest that SABP have potential as an alternative treatment for hypertension by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of SABP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wu
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hongjun Xu
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan Economoc and Technological Development Zone, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Luyang Zhou
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingzhuo Cui
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junda Ning
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shengjun An
- Hebei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Bioreactor Preparation Technology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Integrated Chinese and western medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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27
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Liu L, Cui Q, Song J, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Qi J, Zhao J. Hydroxysafflower Yellow A Inhibits Vascular Adventitial Fibroblast Migration via NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition through Autophagy Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010172. [PMID: 36613617 PMCID: PMC9820330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is closely associated with progression of vascular remodeling. The NLRP3 inflammasome is the key molecule that promotes vascular remodeling via activation of vascular adventitia fibroblast (VAF) proliferation and differentiation. VAFs have a vital effect on vascular remodeling that could be improved using hydroxysafflower yellow A (HSYA). However, whether HSYA ameliorates vascular remodeling through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation has not been explored in detail. Here, we cultured primary VAFs and analyzed the migration of VAFs induced by angiotensin II (ANG II) to determine the potential effects and mechanism of HSYA on VAF migration. The results thereof showed that HSYA remarkably inhibited ANG II-induced VAF migration, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it is worth noting that LPS promoted ANG II-induced VAF migration and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, which could be significantly reversed using HSYA. Moreover, HSYA could be used to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation by promoting autophagy. In conclusion, HSYA could inhibit ANG II-induced VAF migration through autophagy activation and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Qingzhuo Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Junna Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Jiapeng Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Jingshan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Correspondence:
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28
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Yang GH, Kang D, An S, Ryu JY, Lee K, Kim JS, Song MY, Kim YS, Kwon SM, Jung WK, Jeong W, Jeon H. Advances in the development of tubular structures using extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technology for vascular tissue regenerative applications. Biomater Res 2022; 26:73. [PMID: 36471437 PMCID: PMC9720982 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recent, there are no ideal small diameter vascular grafts available on the market. Most of the commercialized vascular grafts are used for medium to large-sized blood vessels. As a solution, vascular tissue engineering has been introduced and shown promising outcomes. Despite these optimistic results, there are limitations to commercialization. This review will cover the need for extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technique capable of mimicking the natural structure of the blood vessel. First, we will highlight the physiological structure of the blood vessel as well as the requirements for an ideal vascular graft. Then, the essential factors of 3D cell-printing including bioink, and cell-printing system will be discussed. Afterwards, we will mention their applications in the fabrication of tissue engineered vascular grafts. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hoon Yang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
| | - Donggu Kang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
| | - SangHyun An
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Jeong Yeop Ryu
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok‑ro, Jung‑gu, Daegu, 41944 South Korea
| | - KyoungHo Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Jun Sik Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Moon-Yong Song
- Medical Safety Center, Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 South Korea
| | - Young-Sik Kim
- Medical Safety Center, Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 South Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870 South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- grid.412576.30000 0001 0719 8994Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513 South Korea
| | - Woonhyeok Jeong
- grid.412091.f0000 0001 0669 3109Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 1035 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601 South Korea
| | - Hojun Jeon
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
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29
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Yamaguchi T, Morino K. Perivascular mechanical environment: A narrative review of the role of externally applied mechanical force in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:944356. [PMID: 36337892 PMCID: PMC9629355 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.944356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is promoted by systemic factors, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, which cause atherosclerosis in blood vessels throughout the body. However, atherosclerotic lesions are characterized by their frequent occurrence in specific vessels and sites. Blood vessels are exposed to various mechanical forces related to blood pressure and flow. Although shear stress promotes the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, the pathogenesis of site specificity of atherosclerosis is not sufficiently explained by shear stress. We propose the concept of a perivascular mechanical environment (PVME). Compelling evidence suggests that site specificity in atherosclerotic lesions depends on a distinct local PVME. Atheroprone arteries, such as the coronary artery, are markedly affected by externally applied mechanical force (EMF), whereas atheroprotective arteries, such as the internal thoracic artery, are less affected. Recent studies have shown that the coronary artery is affected by cardiac muscle contraction, the carotid artery by the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage, and the abdominal aorta and lower extremity arteries by musculoskeletal motion. We speculate that the thoracic cage protects the internal thoracic artery from EMF owing to a favorable PVME. Furthermore, evidence suggests that plaque eccentricity is provided by EMF; plaques are frequently observed on an external force-applied side. In each vascular tree, site-specific characteristics of the PVME differ substantially, inducing individual atherogenicity. From the perspective of the mechanical environment, hemodynamic stress occurs in an inside-out manner, whereas EMF occurs in an outside-in manner. These inward and outward forces apply mechanical load individually, but interact synergistically. The concept of a PVME is a novel pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and also might be a pathogenesis of other arterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsutaro Morino
- Institutional Research Office, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Katsutaro Morino,
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30
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The adventitia in arterial development, remodeling, and hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115259. [PMID: 36150432 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The adventitia receives input signals from the vessel wall, the immune system, perivascular nerves and from surrounding tissues to generate effector responses that regulate structural and mechanical properties of blood vessels. It is a complex and dynamic tissue that orchestrates multiple functions for vascular development, homeostasis, repair, and disease. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in our understanding of the origins, phenotypes, and functions of adventitial and perivascular cells with particular emphasis on hypertensive vascular remodeling.
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31
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Sakai Y, Lehman VT, Eisenmenger LB, Obusez EC, Kharal GA, Xiao J, Wang GJ, Fan Z, Cucchiara BL, Song JW. Vessel wall MR imaging of aortic arch, cervical carotid and intracranial arteries in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source: A narrative review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:968390. [PMID: 35968273 PMCID: PMC9366886 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.968390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in multi-modal imaging techniques, a substantial portion of ischemic stroke patients today remain without a diagnosed etiology after conventional workup. Based on existing diagnostic criteria, these ischemic stroke patients are subcategorized into having cryptogenic stroke (CS) or embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). There is growing evidence that in these patients, non-cardiogenic embolic sources, in particular non-stenosing atherosclerotic plaque, may have significant contributory roles in their ischemic strokes. Recent advancements in vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI) have enabled imaging of vessel walls beyond the degree of luminal stenosis, and allows further characterization of atherosclerotic plaque components. Using this imaging technique, we are able to identify potential imaging biomarkers of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques such as intraplaque hemorrhage, lipid rich necrotic core, and thin or ruptured fibrous caps. This review focuses on the existing evidence on the advantages of utilizing VW-MRI in ischemic stroke patients to identify culprit plaques in key anatomical areas, namely the cervical carotid arteries, intracranial arteries, and the aortic arch. For each anatomical area, the literature on potential imaging biomarkers of vulnerable plaques on VW-MRI as well as the VW-MRI literature in ESUS and CS patients are reviewed. Future directions on further elucidating ESUS and CS by the use of VW-MRI as well as exciting emerging techniques are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sakai
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vance T. Lehman
- Department of Radiology, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Laura B. Eisenmenger
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - G. Abbas Kharal
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jiayu Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Grace J. Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brett L. Cucchiara
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jae W. Song
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jae W. Song
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32
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Hillock-Watling C, Gotlieb AI. The pathobiology of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the fourth layer of the blood vessel wall. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022; 61:107459. [PMID: 35907442 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an adipose tissue depot which surrounds most human blood vessels. It is metabolically active and has both a protective and a pathogenic role in vascular biology and pathobiology. It regulates vascular homeostasis and promotes vascular dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to consider the origin, structure, function, and dysfunction of this unique adipose depot consisting of white (WAT), brown (BAT) and beige adipose tissue, to support the concept that PVAT may be considered the fourth layer of the normal arterial wall (tunica adiposa), in which dysfunction creates a microenvironment that regulates, in part, the initiation and growth of the fibro-inflammatory lipid atherosclerotic plaque. Experimental in-vivo and in-vitro studies and human investigations show that the adipocytes, extracellular matrix, nerve fibers and vasa vasorum found in PVAT form a functional adipose tissue unit adjacent to, but not anatomically separated from, the adventitia. PVAT maintains and regulates the structure and function of the normal arterial wall through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, that include modulation of medial smooth muscle cell contractility and secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules. PVAT shows regional phenotypic heterogeneity which may be important in its effect on the wall of specific sections of the aorta and its muscular branches during perturbations and various injuries including obesity and diabetes. In atherosclerosis, a pan-vascular microenvironment is created that functionally links the intima-medial atherosclerotic plaque to the adventitia and PVAT beneath the plaque, highlighting the local impact of PVAT on atherogenesis. PVAT adipocytes have inflammatory effects which in response to injury show activation and phenotypic changes, some of which are considered to have direct and indirect effects on the intima and media during the initiation, growth, and development of complicated atherosclerotic plaques. Thus, it is important to maintain the integrity of the full vascular microenvironment so that design of experimental and human studies include investigation of PVAT. The era of discarding PVAT tissue in both experimental and human research and clinical vascular studies should end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie Hillock-Watling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Avrum I Gotlieb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Milliron SM, Stranahan LW, Rivera-Velez AG, Nagy DW, Pesavento PA, Rech RR. Systemic proliferative arteriopathy and hypophysitis in a cow with chronic ovine herpesvirus 2-induced malignant catarrhal fever. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022; 34:905-908. [PMID: 35861226 PMCID: PMC9446292 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a severe, systemic, lymphoproliferative disease affecting domestic ruminants, caused by a group of MCF viruses in the genus Macavirus. Infection of cattle and bison with ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV2) is economically significant in North America. Sheep are the reservoir host of the virus, and only rarely manifest disease. Cattle and bison, however, frequently have lymphoproliferation, mucosal ulceration, and systemic vasculitis. OvHV2-induced MCF in cattle and bison is often fatal, with clinical recovery reported only rarely. Chronic cases are uncommon, but vascular changes of variable severity and ocular lesions have been described. Here we present a case of chronic MCF in a cow with proliferative arteriopathy, systemic vasculitis, and OvHV2-associated hypophysitis. We demonstrated OvHV2 nucleic acid in affected tissues with in situ hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai M Milliron
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lauren W Stranahan
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Andres G Rivera-Velez
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dusty W Nagy
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Pesavento
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Raquel R Rech
- Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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34
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Zhou H, Wang L, Liu S, Wang W. The role of phosphoinositide 3-kinases in immune-inflammatory responses: potential therapeutic targets for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2339-2364. [PMID: 35792922 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2094577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) includes inflammatory responses, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degradation, VSMC apoptosis, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis, among which the inflammatory response plays a key role. At present, surgery is the only curing treatment, and no effective drug can delay AAA progression in clinical practice. Therefore, searching for a signaling pathway related to the immune-inflammatory response is an essential direction for developing drugs targeting AAA. Recent studies have confirmed that the PI3K family plays an important role in many inflammatory diseases and is involved in regulating various cellular functions, especially in the immune-inflammatory response. This review focuses on the role of each isoform of PI3K in each stage of AAA immune-inflammatory response, making available explorations for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of inflammation and immune response during the formation and development of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhou
- Department of General &vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of General &vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of General &vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General &vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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35
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Awad EM, Ahmed ASF, El-Daly M, Amin AH, El-Tahawy NFG, Wagdy A, Hollenberg MD, Taye A. Dihydromyricetin protects against high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction: Role of HIF-1α/ROR2/NF-κB. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113308. [PMID: 35752009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural flavonoid isolated from vine tea with anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated for its ability to prevent vascular endothelial dysfunction caused by hyperglycaemia. METHODS Vasoconstrictor (phenylephrine-PE) and vasodilator (acetylcholine-ACh) responses were monitored for female rat aorta rings maintained in a bioassay organ bath for 3 h at 37 °C in either low (LG: 10 mM) or high (HG: 40 mM, to mimic hyperglycaemia) glucose-Krebs buffer in the absence or presence of 50 µM DHM. Tissues recovered from the organ bath at 3 h were fixed and analyzed for morphological changes and their expression of eNOS, iNOS, HIF-1α, GLUT1, ROR2 tyrosine kinase, NF-κB, TNF-α, Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3, and forindices of increased oxidative stress. KEY FINDINGS HG-incubated tissues showed increased PE-stimulated contractile response and decreased ACh-mediated endothelial vasodilation. DHM prevented both of these changes. Besides, HG incubation increased the immunoreactivity to iNOS, HIF-1α, GLUT1, ROR2, NF-κB, TNF-α, Bax, and active caspase-3, and decreased the expression of eNOS and Bcl2. Hyperglycaemia-like conditions also increased the indices of oxidative/nitrosative stress. These HG-induced changes, which were accompanied by an increase in tissue adventitial thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration, were all prevented by DHM. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate an anti-inflammatory protective action of DHM to preserve vascular function in the setting of hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Awad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nashwa F G El-Tahawy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - AlShimaa Wagdy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ashraf Taye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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36
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Xiang P, Blanchard V, Francis GA. Smooth Muscle Cell—Macrophage Interactions Leading to Foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis: Location, Location, Location. Front Physiol 2022; 13:921597. [PMID: 35795646 PMCID: PMC9251363 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-overloaded cells or “foam cells” in the artery wall are the biochemical hallmark of atherosclerosis, and are responsible for much of the growth, inflammation and susceptibility to rupture of atherosclerotic lesions. While it has previously been thought that macrophages are the main contributor to the foam cell population, recent evidence indicates arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the source of the majority of foam cells in both human and murine atherosclerosis. This review outlines the timeline, site of appearance and proximity of SMCs and macrophages with lipids in human and mouse atherosclerosis, and likely interactions between SMCs and macrophages that promote foam cell formation and removal by both cell types. An understanding of these SMC-macrophage interactions in foam cell formation and regression is expected to provide new therapeutic targets to reduce the burden of atherosclerosis for the prevention of coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease.
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37
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Wang Z, Lu H, Garcia-Barrio M, Guo Y, Zhang J, Chen YE, Chang L. RNA sequencing reveals perivascular adipose tissue plasticity in response to angiotensin II. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106183. [PMID: 35306139 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most blood vessels are surrounded by perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which is a unique adipose tissue that plays critical roles in vascular physiology and pathophysiology. PVAT displays regional differences that impact vascular homeostasis. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main biologically active component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which has been extensively studied in vascular biology. However, the effects of Ang II on PVAT are less explored and remain to be elucidated. In this study, we systematically investigated the regional heterogeneity of three portions of aortic PVAT, i.e., ascending thoracic aortic PVAT (ATA-PVAT), descending thoracic aortic PVAT (DTA-PVAT) and abdominal aortic PVAT (AA-PVAT), and their responses to 7-day Ang II infusion using RNA sequencing. We found that AA-PVAT is clearly distinguished from both ATA-PVAT and DTA-PVAT, with significantly down-regulated oxidative phosphorylation and up-regulated inflammatory response pathways. Furthermore, AA-PVAT expresses lower levels of brown adipocyte marker genes, such as Ucp1, Cidea, Cox8b, Dio2 and Pgc1α, but expresses higher levels of proinflammatory genes, such as Ccl2, Il1β and Tnfα, and components of the RAAS, including Agt, Ace and Agtr1a. Ang II infusion significantly down-regulated oxidative phosphorylation in all regions of aortic PVAT and significantly up-regulated inflammatory response specifically in ATA-PVAT and DTA-PVAT. Moreover, ATA-PVAT was most responsive to Ang II induced inflammation. We further used CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 (a.k.a. mitoNEET) transgenic mice that exhibit enhanced brown adipose tissue (BAT)-like phenotype in aortic PVAT, as indicated by elevated expression levels of brown adipocyte marker genes, and found that the enhanced BAT-like phenotype of aortic PVAT could counterbalance Ang II induced inflammatory and oxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Minerva Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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38
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Hattori Y, Hattori K, Machida T, Matsuda N. Vascular endotheliitis associated with infections: Its pathogenetic role and therapeutic implication. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114909. [PMID: 35021044 PMCID: PMC8743392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells are major participants in and regulators of immune responses and inflammation. Vascular endotheliitis is regarded as a host immune-inflammatory response of the endothelium forming the inner surface of blood vessels in association with a direct consequence of infectious pathogen invasion. Vascular endotheliitis and consequent endothelial dysfunction can be a principle determinant of microvascular failure, which would favor impaired perfusion, tissue hypoxia, and subsequent organ failure. Emerging evidence suggests the role of vascular endotheliitis in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its related complications. Thus, once initiated, vascular endotheliitis and resultant cytokine storm cause systemic hyperinflammation and a thrombotic phenomenon in COVID-19, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and widespread organ damage. Vascular endotheliitis also appears to be a contributory factor to vasculopathy and coagulopathy in sepsis that is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated response of the host to infection. Therefore, protecting endothelial cells and reversing vascular endotheliitis may be a leading therapeutic goal for these diseases associated with vascular endotheliitis. In this review, we outline the etiological and pathogenic importance of vascular endotheliitis in infection-related inflammatory diseases, including COVID-19, and possible mechanisms leading to vascular endotheliitis. We also discuss pharmacological agents which may be now considered as potential endotheliitis-based treatment modalities for those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Hattori
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Kohshi Hattori
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Machida
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsuda
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Wu S, Liu S, Chen N, Zhang C, Zhang H, Guo X. Genome-Wide Identification of Immune-Related Alternative Splicing and Splicing Regulators Involved in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Front Genet 2022; 13:816035. [PMID: 35251127 PMCID: PMC8892299 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.816035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of AAA formation is still poorly understood and has not been fully elucidated. The study was designed to identify the immune-related genes, immune-RAS in AAA using bioinformatics methods. The GSE175683 datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. The DEseq2 software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). SUVA pipeline was used to quantify AS events and RAS events. KOBAS 2.0 server was used to identify GO terms and KEGG pathways to sort out functional categories of DEGs. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used with the default parameter for estimating immune cell fractions. Nine samples from GSE175683 were used to construct the co-disturbed network between expression of SFs and splicing ratio of RAS events. PCA analysis was performed by R package factoextra to show the clustering of samples, and the pheatmap package in R was used to perform the clustering based on Euclidean distance. The results showed that there were 3,541 genes significantly differentially expressed, of which 177 immune-related genes were upregulated and 48 immune-related genes were downregulated between the WT and WTA group. Immune-RAS events were mainly alt5P and IR events, and about 60% of it was complex splicing events in AAA. The WT group and the WTA group can be clearly distinguished in the first principal component by using the splicing ratio of immune-RAS events. Two downregulated genes, Nr4a1 and Nr4a2, and eight upregulated genes, Adipor2, Akt2, Bcl3, Dhx58, Pparg, Ptgds, Sytl1, and Vegfa were identified among the immune-related genes with RAS and DEGs. Eighteen differentially expressed SFs were identified and displayed by heatmap. The proportion of different types of cells and ratio of the average ratio of different cells were quite different. Both M1 and M2 types of macrophages and plasma cells were upregulated, while M0 type was downregulated in AAA. The proportion of plasma cells in the WTA group had sharply increased. There is a correlation between SF expression and immune cells/immune-RAS. Sf3b1, a splicing factor with significantly different expression, was selected to bind on a mass of immune-related genes. In conclusion, our results showed that immune-related genes, immune-RAS, and SFs by genome-wide identification were involved in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shibiao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningheng Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hairong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hairong Zhang, ; Xueli Guo,
| | - Xueli Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hairong Zhang, ; Xueli Guo,
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40
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El-Awaisi J, Kavanagh DP, Rink MR, Weston CJ, Drury NE, Kalia N. Targeting IL-36 improves age-related coronary microcirculatory dysfunction and attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155236. [PMID: 35113814 PMCID: PMC8983126 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction (MI), elderly patients have a poorer prognosis than younger patients, which may be linked to increased coronary microvessel susceptibility to injury. Interleukin-36 (IL-36), a newly discovered proinflammatory member of the IL-1 superfamily, may mediate this injury, but its role in the injured heart is currently not known. We first demonstrated the presence of IL-36(α/β) and its receptor (IL-36R) in ischemia/reperfusion-injured (IR-injured) mouse hearts and, interestingly, noted that expression of both increased with aging. An intravital model for imaging the adult and aged IR-injured beating heart in real time in vivo was used to demonstrate heightened basal and injury-induced neutrophil recruitment, and poorer blood flow, in the aged coronary microcirculation when compared with adult hearts. An IL-36R antagonist (IL-36Ra) decreased neutrophil recruitment, improved blood flow, and reduced infarct size in both adult and aged mice. This may be mechanistically explained by attenuated endothelial oxidative damage and VCAM-1 expression in IL-36Ra–treated mice. Our findings of an enhanced age-related coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in reperfused hearts may explain the poorer outcomes in elderly patients following MI. Since targeting the IL-36/IL-36R pathway was vasculoprotective in aged hearts, it may potentially be a therapy for treating MI in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma El-Awaisi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Pj Kavanagh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marco R Rink
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Weston
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel E Drury
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Neena Kalia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Dasagrandhi D, Muthuswamy A, Swaminathan JK. Atherosclerosis: nexus of vascular dynamics and cellular cross talks. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:571-584. [PMID: 34845570 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the foremost cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is the underlying pathology behind CVDs. Atherosclerosis is manifested predominantly by lipid deposition, plaque formation, and inflammation in vascular intima. Initiation and progression of plaque require many years. With aging, atherosclerotic plaques become vulnerable. Localization of these plaques in the coronary artery leads to myocardial infarction. A complete understanding of the pathophysiology of this multifaceted disease is necessary to achieve the clinical goal to provide early diagnosis and the best therapeutics. The triggering factors of atherosclerosis are biomechanical forces, hyperlipidemia, and chronic inflammatory response. The current review focuses on crucial determinants involved in the disease, such as location, hemodynamic factors, oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, and the role of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and immune cells, and better therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Dasagrandhi
- Drug Discovery and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Anusuyadevi Muthuswamy
- Molecular Neurogerontology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Jayachandran Kesavan Swaminathan
- Drug Discovery and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India.
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Chen Y, Zhang T, Yao F, Gao X, Li D, Fu S, Mao L, Liu F, Zhang X, Xu Y, Deng J, Li W, Fan G, Xiao C, Chen Y, Wang L, Guo W, Zhou B. Dysregulation of interaction between LOX high fibroblast and smooth muscle cells contributes to the pathogenesis of aortic dissection. Theranostics 2022; 12:910-928. [PMID: 34976220 PMCID: PMC8692905 DOI: 10.7150/thno.66059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: While cell-cell interaction plays a critical role in physiology and disease, a comprehensive understanding of its dynamics in vascular homeostasis and diseases is yet absent. Methods: Here, by use of single-cell RNA-sequencing and multi-color staining, we delineate the cellular composition and spatial characterization of human aorta with or without aortic dissection (AD). Results: Scrutinization of cell subtype alterations revealed significantly changed fibroblast (FB)-smooth muscle cell (SMC) interactions in AD. Of these cellular interactions, LOXhigh fibroblast (fibroblast subtype 2, FB2) in diseased state exerted the most pronounced effects on pathological deterioration of SMCs in AD. In addition, pharmacologically targeting the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling pathway effectively suppressed FB2 state transition and reduced AD incidence in mice. Finally, COL5A1 (collagen type V alpha 1 chain), one of the secreted proteins released from FB2, was significantly higher in the plasma of AD patients than in control patients, suggesting its potential use as a biomarker for AD diagnosis. Conclusions: Our work not only identified a pivotal role of a specific FB subtype in AD progression, but also shed light on cell interaction dynamics in vascular diseases.
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Craig DJ, James AW, Wang Y, Tavian M, Crisan M, Péault BM. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:35-43. [PMID: 35641167 PMCID: PMC8895497 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular wall is comprised of distinct layers controlling angiogenesis, blood flow, vessel anchorage within organs, and cell and molecule transit between blood and tissues. Moreover, some blood vessels are home to essential stem-like cells, a classic example being the existence in the embryo of hemogenic endothelial cells at the origin of definitive hematopoiesis. In recent years, microvascular pericytes and adventitial perivascular cells were observed to include multi-lineage progenitor cells involved not only in organ turnover and regeneration but also in pathologic remodeling, including fibrosis and atherosclerosis. These perivascular mesodermal elements were identified as native forerunners of mesenchymal stem cells. We have presented in this brief review our current knowledge on vessel wall-associated tissue remodeling cells with respect to discriminating phenotypes, functional diversity in health and disease, and potential therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Craig
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Mihaela Crisan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bruno M Péault
- Center for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author: Bruno Péault, PhD, Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 615 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7358, USA.
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Vascular Pathobiology: Atherosclerosis and Large Vessel Disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ahmad Nazri KA, Haji Mohd Saad Q, Mohd Fauzi N, Buang F, Jantan I, Jubri Z. Gynura procumbens ethanol extract improves vascular dysfunction by suppressing inflammation in postmenopausal rats fed a high-fat diet. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1203-1215. [PMID: 34493166 PMCID: PMC8428271 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1970199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. (Asteraceae) has been reported to have various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether Gynura procumbens (GP) could improve vascular reactivity by suppressing inflammation in postmenopausal rats fed with five-times heated palm oil (5HPO) diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham [non-ovariectomized; grouped as control, GP extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg), atorvastatin (ATV, 10 mg/kg)] and postmenopausal (PM) groups [ovariectomized rats fed with 5HPO; grouped as PM, GP extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) and ATV (10 mg/kg)]. Each group (n = 6) was either supplemented with GP extract or ATV orally once daily for 6 months. RESULTS In comparison with the untreated PM group, 250 and 500 mg/kg GP supplementation to PM groups reduced the systolic blood pressure (103 ± 2.7, 86 ± 2.4 vs. 156 ± 7.83 mmHg, p < 0.05), intima-media thickness (101.28 ± 3.4, 93.91 ± 2.93 vs. 143.78 ± 3.31 µM), vasoconstriction percentage induced by phenylephrine (102.5%, 88.3%, vs. 51.8%), sICAM-1 (0.49, 0.26 vs. 0.56 pg/mL) and sVCAM-1 (0.39, 0.25 vs. 0.45 pg/mL). GP extract supplementation increased vasorelaxation percentage induced by acetylcholine (78.4% vs. 47.3%) and sodium nitroprusside (84.2% vs. 53.7%), increased changes in plasma nitric oxide level (1.25%, 1.31% vs. 1.9%), and suppressed the elevation of TNF-α (0.39 vs. 1.02 pg/mL), IL-6 (0.43 vs. 0.77 pg/mL) and CRP (0.29 vs. 0.69 ng/mL) in the PM groups. CONCLUSIONS GP extract might improve vascular dysfunction by suppressing the inflammatory response, consequently preventing blood pressure elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuzaidatul Azidah Ahmad Nazri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Qodriyah Haji Mohd Saad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fhataheya Buang
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Zakiah Jubri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Saba L, Nardi V, Cau R, Gupta A, Kamel H, Suri JS, Balestrieri A, Congiu T, Butler APH, Gieseg S, Fanni D, Cerrone G, Sanfilippo R, Puig J, Yang Q, Mannelli L, Faa G, Lanzino G. Carotid Artery Plaque Calcifications: Lessons From Histopathology to Diagnostic Imaging. Stroke 2021; 53:290-297. [PMID: 34753301 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.035692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of calcium in atherosclerosis is controversial and the relationship between vascular calcification and plaque vulnerability is not fully understood. Although calcifications are present in ≈50% to 60% of carotid plaques, their association with cerebrovascular ischemic events remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current understanding of carotid plaque calcification. We outline the role of calcium in atherosclerotic carotid disease by analyzing laboratory studies and histopathologic studies, as well as imaging findings to understand clinical implications of carotid artery calcifications. Differences in mechanism of calcium deposition express themselves into a wide range of calcification phenotypes in carotid plaques. Some patterns, such as rim calcification, are suggestive of plaques with inflammatory activity with leakage of the vasa vasourm and intraplaque hemorrhage. Other patterns such as dense, nodular calcifications may confer greater mechanical stability to the plaque and reduce the risk of embolization for a given degree of plaque size and luminal stenosis. Various distributions and patterns of carotid plaque calcification, often influenced by the underlying systemic pathological condition, have a different role in affecting plaque stability. Modern imaging techniques afford multiple approaches to assess geometry, pattern of distribution, size, and composition of carotid artery calcifications. Future investigations with these novel technologies will further improve our understanding of carotid artery calcification and will play an important role in understanding and minimizing stroke risk in patients with carotid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (L.S., R.C., A.B.)
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. (V.N.)
| | - Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (L.S., R.C., A.B.)
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. (A.G.)
| | - Hooman Kamel
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. (H.K.)
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Diagnosis and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint LLC, Roseville, CA (J.S.S.)
| | - Antonella Balestrieri
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (L.S., R.C., A.B.)
| | - Terenzio Congiu
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari -Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (T.C., D.F., G.C., G.F.)
| | - Anthony P H Butler
- Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand (A.P.H.B., S.G.)
| | - Steven Gieseg
- Department of Radiology, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand (A.P.H.B., S.G.)
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari -Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (T.C., D.F., G.C., G.F.)
| | - Giulia Cerrone
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari -Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (T.C., D.F., G.C., G.F.)
| | - Roberto Sanfilippo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (R.S.)
| | - Josep Puig
- Department of Radiology (IDI), Hospital Universitari de Girona, Spain (J.P.)
| | - Qi Yang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, China (Q.Y.)
| | | | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari -Polo di Monserrato s.s, Cagliari, Italy (T.C., D.F., G.C., G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. (G.L.)
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Kotanidis CP, Antoniades C. Perivascular fat imaging by computed tomography (CT): a virtual guide. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4270-4290. [PMID: 34296764 PMCID: PMC8856184 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging in medicine has been revolutionised by technological, computational and research advances over the past decades. Computed tomography (CT), in particular, has seen rapid evolution especially in the field of cardiovascular non-invasive imaging. It is being recognised as the first-line tool for the assessment of stable and unstable disease with diagnostic, prognostic and re-stratification potential. Vascular inflammation is a key component of the atherosclerotic process and has been shown to induce molecular, transcriptional and structural changes to perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Being a diverse structure itself, PVAT surrounds the human vessels and is characterised by a highly rich secretome, including, amongst others, adipokines, cytokines, gaseous messengers and miRNAs It is implicated in a bidirectional interplay with the adjacent vascular wall, affecting and being affected by aspects of its biology, mainly inflammation. In this review, we discuss the current status of cardiac CT in imaging vascular inflammation through PVAT phenotyping. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Molecular imaging - visual themed issue. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos P. Kotanidis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Investigational MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Guo Y, Lu Y, Lu X, He S, Li S, Shao S, Zhou H, Wang R, Li X, Gao P. Krüppel-Like Factor 15/Interleukin 11 Axis-Mediated Adventitial Remodeling Depends on Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1 and 2 Activation in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020554. [PMID: 34350769 PMCID: PMC8475029 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Adventitial remodeling is a pathological hallmark of hypertension that results in target organ damage. Activated adventitial fibroblasts have emerged as critical regulators in this process, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. Methods and Results Interleukin 11 (IL-11) knockout and wild-type mice were subjected to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion to establish models of hypertension-associated vascular remodeling. IL-11 mRNA and protein were increased especially in the adventitia in response to Ang II. Compared with wild-type mice, Ang II-treated IL-11 knockout mice showed amelioration of vascular hypertrophy, adventitial fibrosis, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory factor expression. Recombination mouse IL-11 exacerbated adventitial fibrosis in Ang II-infused wild-type mice. Interestingly, IL-11 neutralizing antibody attenuated adventitial fibrosis, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory factor expression after Ang II infusion for 7 days. Mechanistically, in primary cultured adventitial fibroblasts, Krüppel-like factor 15 negatively regulated Ang II-induced IL-11 expression. Ang II increased extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activation, especially in adventitia, and caused biphasic extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activation in adventitial fibroblasts. A rapid and early activation increased IL-11 production through decreasing Krüppel-like factor 15 expression, which, in turn, induced the second extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activation, resulting in posttranscriptional profibrotic gene expression. Conclusions These results demonstrate that extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activation is important for Krüppel-like factor 15-mediated IL-11 expression in adventitial fibroblasts to promote adventitial remodeling in Ang II-induced hypertension. Therefore, targeting the Krüppel-like factor 15/IL-11 axis might serve as a new therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue‐Tong Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shun He
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shi‐Jin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Han‐Dan Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Rui‐Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao‐Dong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ping‐Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of HypertensionRuijin Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Key Laboratory of HypertensionShanghai Institute of HypertensionShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Kraler S, Libby P, Evans PC, Akhmedov A, Schmiady MO, Reinehr M, Camici GG, Lüscher TF. Resilience of the Internal Mammary Artery to Atherogenesis: Shifting From Risk to Resistance to Address Unmet Needs. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2237-2251. [PMID: 34107731 PMCID: PMC8299999 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fueled by the global surge in aging, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease reached pandemic dimensions putting affected individuals at enhanced risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and premature death. Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease driven by a wide spectrum of factors, including cholesterol, pressure, and disturbed flow. Although all arterial beds encounter a similar atherogenic milieu, the development of atheromatous lesions occurs discontinuously across the vascular system. Indeed, the internal mammary artery possesses unique biological properties that confer protection to intimal growth and atherosclerotic plaque formation, thus making it a conduit of choice for coronary artery bypass grafting. Its endothelium abundantly expresses nitric oxide synthase and shows accentuated nitric oxide release, while its vascular smooth muscle cells exhibit reduced tissue factor expression, high tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) production and blunted migration and proliferation, which may collectively mitigate intimal thickening and ultimately the evolution of atheromatous plaques. We aim here to provide insights into the anatomy, physiology, cellular, and molecular aspects of the internal mammary artery thereby elucidating its remarkable resistance to atherogenesis. We propose a change in perspective from risk to resilience to decipher mechanisms of atheroresistance and eventually identification of novel therapeutic targets presently not addressed by currently available remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Paul C. Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Martin O. Schmiady
- Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinehr
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G. Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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Xie C, Ye F, Zhang N, Huang Y, Pan Y, Xie X. CCL7 contributes to angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory phenotype. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7280-7293. [PMID: 34189838 PMCID: PMC8335673 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine C‐C motif ligand 7 (CCL7), a member of CC chemokine subfamily, plays pivotal roles in numerous inflammatory diseases. Hyper‐activation of inflammation is an important characteristic of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of CCL7 on AAA formation. CCL7 abundance in aortic tissue and macrophage infiltration were both increased in angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced AAA mice. Ex vivo, CCL7 promoted macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype. This effect was reversed by the blockage of CCR1, a receptor of CCL7. CCL7 up‐regulated JAK2/STAT1 protein level in macrophage, and CCL7‐induced M1 activation was suppressed by JAK2/STAT1 pathway inhibition. To verify the effect of CCL7 on AAA in vivo, either CCL7‐neutralizing antibody (CCL7‐nAb) or vehicles were intraperitoneally injected 24 hours prior to Ang II infusion and subsequently every three days for 4 weeks. CCL7‐nAb administration significantly attenuated Ang II‐induced luminal and external dilation as well as pathological remodelling. Immunostaining showed that CCL7‐nAb administration significantly decreased aneurysmal macrophage infiltration. In conclusion, CCL7 contributed to Ang II‐induced AAA by promoting M1 phenotype of macrophage through CCR1/JAK2/STAT1 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feiming Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxue Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Pan
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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