1
|
Agnes M, Kasimati EM, Inclán M, Thanassoulas A, Miliotis G, Malanga M, Benkovics G, Nounesis G, García-España E, Bouziotis P, Lazarou YG, Miriagou V, Mavridis IM, Yannakopoulou K. Metal-binding cyclodextrins: Synthesis and complexation with Zn 2+ and Ga 3+ cations towards antimicrobial applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121323. [PMID: 37739545 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Highly resistant bacteria producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) to evade β-lactam antibiotics, constitute a major cause of life-threatening infections world-wide. MBLs exert their hydrolytic action via Zn2+ cations in their active center. Presently, there are no approved drugs to target MBLs and combat the associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Towards this issue, we have prepared a family of cyclodextrins substituted with iminodiacetic acid (IDA) on their narrow side, while the wider side is either unmodified or per-2,3-O-methylated. The molecules form strong coordination complexes with Zn2+ or Ga3+ cations in aqueous solution. Free and metal-complexed compounds have been thoroughly characterized regarding structures, pH-dependent ionization states, distribution of species in solution, pKa values and metal-binding constants. At neutral pH the multi-anionic hosts bind up to four Zn2+ or Ga3+ cations. In vitro, 50 μΜ of the compounds achieve complete re-sensitization of MBL-producing Gram-negative clinical bacterial strains resistant to the carbapenems imipenem and meropenem. Moreover, the radioactive complex [67Ga]Ga-β-IDACYD prepared, displays high radiochemical purity, sufficient stability both overtime and in the presence of human plasma apo-transferrin, thus providing an invaluable tool for future biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies of β-IDACYDin vivo, prerequisites for the development of therapeutic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Agnes
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Eleni Marina Kasimati
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Mario Inclán
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece; Institute of Molecular Science, Faculty of Chemistry, University of València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Angelos Thanassoulas
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Georgios Miliotis
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vas. Sophias 127, Athens 11521, Greece.
| | - Milo Malanga
- CycloLab SA, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd, H-1097 Illatos út 7, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Benkovics
- CycloLab SA, Cyclodextrin R&D Ltd, H-1097 Illatos út 7, Budapest, Hungary
| | - George Nounesis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Enrique García-España
- Institute of Molecular Science, Faculty of Chemistry, University of València, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
| | - Penelope Bouziotis
- Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Yannis G Lazarou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Vivi Miriagou
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vas. Sophias 127, Athens 11521, Greece.
| | - Irene M Mavridis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| | - Konstantina Yannakopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E´ & 27 Neapoleos str., 15341, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Falcone E, Faller P. Thermodynamics-based rules of thumb to evaluate the interaction of chelators and kinetically-labile metal ions in blood serum and plasma. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2197-2208. [PMID: 36734607 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03875g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions play a very important role in nature and their homeostasis is crucial. A lot of metal-related chemical research activities are ongoing that concern metal-based drugs or tools, such as chelation therapy, metal- and metabolite sensors, metallo-drugs and prodrugs, PET and MRI imaging agents, etc. In most of these cases, the applied chelator/ligand (L) or metal-ligand complex (M-L) has at least to pass the blood plasma to reach the target. Hence it is exposed to several metal-binding proteins (mainly serum albumin and transferrin) and to all essential metal ions (zinc, copper, iron, etc.). This holds also for studies in cultured cells when fetal calf serum is used in the medium. There is a risk that the applied compound (L or M-L) in the serum is transformed into a different entity, due to trans-metallation and/or ligand exchange reactions. This depends on the thermodynamics and kinetics. For kinetically-labile complexes, the complex stability with all the ligands and all metal ions present in serum is decisive in evaluating the thermodynamic driving force towards a certain fate of the chelator or metal-ligand complex. To consider that, an integrative view is needed on the stability constants, by taking into account all the metal ions present and all the main proteins to which they are bound, as well as the non-occupied metal binding site in proteins. Only then, a realistic estimation of the complex stability, and hence its potential fate, can be done. This perspective aims to provide a simple approach to estimate the thermodynamic stability of labile metal-ligand complexes in a blood plasma/serum environment. It gives a guideline to obtain an estimation of the plasma and serum complex stability and metal selectivity starting from the chemical stability constants of metal-ligand complexes. Although of high importance, it does not focus on the more complex kinetic aspects of metal-transfer reactions. The perspective should help for a better design of such compounds, to perform test tube assays which are relevant to the conditions in the plasma/serum and to be aware of the importance of ternary complexes, kinetics and competition experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Falcone
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Romano GM, Mummolo L, Savastano M, Paoli P, Rossi P, Prodi L, Bencini A. Polyamine receptors containing anthracene as fluorescent probes for ketoprofen in H 2O/EtOH solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7022-7025. [PMID: 35642958 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01107g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triamine receptors containing anthracene units are able to bind and sense ketoprofen via fluorescence enhancement in a H2O/EtOH 50 : 50 (Vol : Vol) mixture exploiting their protonation features, which are tuned by the interaction with the analyte.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giammarco Maria Romano
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Ugo Schiff', Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Liviana Mummolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università degli studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matteo Savastano
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Ugo Schiff', Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Paola Paoli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Firenze, Via S. Marta 3, Florence, I-50139, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rossi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Firenze, Via S. Marta 3, Florence, I-50139, Italy
| | - Luca Prodi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università degli studi di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Bencini
- Dipartimento di Chimica 'Ugo Schiff', Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Caffeic Acid/Eu(III) Complexes: Solution Equilibrium Studies, Structure Characterization and Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020888. [PMID: 35055074 PMCID: PMC8775996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CFA) is one of the various natural antioxidants and chemoprotective agents occurring in the human diet. In addition, its metal complexes play fundamental roles in biological systems. Nevertheless, research on the properties of CFA with lanthanide metals is very scarce, and little to no chemical or biological information is known about these particular systems. Most of their properties, including their biological activity and environmental impact, strictly depend on their structure, stability, and solution behaviour. In this work, a multi-analytical-technique approach was used to study these relationships for the Eu(III)/CFA complex. The synthesized metal complex was studied by FT-IR, FT-Raman, elemental, and thermal (TGA) analysis. In order to examine the chemical speciation of the Eu(III)/CFA system in an aqueous solution, several independent potentiometric and spectrophotometric UV-Vis titrations were performed at different M:L (metal:ligand) and pH ratios. The general molecular formula of the synthesized metal complex in the solid state was [Eu(CFA)3(H2O)3]∙2H2O (M:L ratio 1:3), while in aqueous solution the 1:1 species were observed at the optimum pH of 6 ≤ pH ≤ 10, ([Eu(CFA)] and [Eu(CFA)(OH)]−). These results were confirmed by 1H-NMR experiments and electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). To evaluate the interaction of Eu(III)/CFA and CFA alone with cell membranes, electrophoretic mobility assays were used. Various antioxidant tests have shown that Eu(III)/CFA exhibits lower antioxidant activity than the free CFA ligand. In addition, the antimicrobial properties of Eu(III)/CFA and CFA against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans were investigated by evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Eu(III)/CFA shows higher antibacterial activity against bacteria compared to CFA, which can be explained by the highly probable increased lipophilicity of the Eu(III) complex.
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Heavy metals are essential for a wide range of biological processes, including the growth and reproduction of cells, synthesis of biomolecules, many enzymatic reactions, and the body’s immunity, but their excessive intake is harmful. Specifically, they cause oxidative stress (OS) and generate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in metabolism. In addition, the accumulation of heavy metals in humans can cause serious damage to different organs, especially respiratory, nervous and reproductive and digestive systems. Biologically, metal chelation therapy is often used to treat metal toxicity. This process occurs through the interaction between the ligand and a central metal atom, forming a complex ring-like structure. After metals are chelated with appropriate chelating agents, their damage in metabolism can be prevented and efficiently removed from the body. On the other hand, heavy metals, including Zn, Fe and Cu, are necessary for the suitable functioning of different proteins including enzymes in metabolism. However, when the same metals accumulate at levels higher than the optimum level, they can easily become toxic and have harmful effects toward biomolecules. In this case, it induces the formation of ROS and nitrogen species (RNS) resulting in peroxidation of biological molecules such as lipids in the plasma membrane. Antioxidants have an increasing interest in many fields due to their protective effects, especially in food and pharmaceutical products. Screening of antioxidant properties of compounds needs appropriate methods including metal chelating assay. In this study, a general approach to the bonding and chelating properties of metals is described. For this purpose, the basic principles and chemical principles of metal chelation methods, both in vivo and in vitro, are outlined and discussed. Hence, in the main sections of this review, the descriptions related to metal ions, metal chelating, antioxidants, importance of metal chelating in biological system and definitions of metal chelating assays as widely used methods to determine antioxidant ability of compounds are provided. In addition, some chemical properties, technical and critical details of the used chelation methods are given.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bretti C, Di Pietro R, Cardiano P, Gomez-Laserna O, Irto A, Lando G, De Stefano C. Thermodynamic Solution Properties of a Biodegradable Chelant (L-glutamic-N,N-diacetic Acid, L-GLDA) and Its Sequestering Ability toward Cd 2. Molecules 2021; 26:7087. [PMID: 34885669 PMCID: PMC8659045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamics of the interaction of L-glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA) with protons was studied potentiometrically at different temperatures, ionic strengths and ionic media. Four protonation constants and corresponding enthalpy changes occurred at infinite dilution together with temperature and ionic strength coefficients. The medium effect was also interpreted in terms of the formation of weak complexes between the ligand and the cations of supporting electrolytes, resulting in a greater tendency of GLDA to chemically interact with Na+ rather than K+ and, in turn, (CH3)4N+. Formation constants of GLDA with Cd2+ were determined in NaCl(aq) at different ionic strength values. Five complex species were found, namely CdL2-, CdHL-, CdH2L0(aq), Cd2L0(aq), and Cd(OH)L3-, whose formation constant values at infinite dilution were log β = 12.68, 17.61, 20.76, 17.52, and 1.77, respectively. All the species results were relevant in the pH range of natural waters, although the Cd2L0(aq) was observed only for CCd ≥ CGLDA and concentrations of >0.1 mmol dm-3. The sequestering ability of GLDA toward Cd2+, evaluated by means of pL0.5, was maximum at pH~10, whereas the presence of a chloride containing a supporting electrolyte exerted a negative effect. Among new generation biodegradable ligands, GLDA was the most efficient in Cd2+ sequestration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Bretti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Roberto Di Pietro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Paola Cardiano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Olivia Gomez-Laserna
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (EHU/UPV), Barrio Sarriena s/n Leioa, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Anna Irto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Gabriele Lando
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Concetta De Stefano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (C.B.); (R.D.P.); (P.C.); (A.I.); (C.D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gama S, Hermenau R, Frontauria M, Milea D, Sammartano S, Hertweck C, Plass W. Iron Coordination Properties of Gramibactin as Model for the New Class of Diazeniumdiolate Based Siderophores. Chemistry 2021; 27:2724-2733. [PMID: 33006390 PMCID: PMC7898861 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Gramibactin (GBT) is an archetype for the new class of diazeniumdiolate siderophores, produced by Paraburkholderia graminis, a cereal-associated rhizosphere bacterium, for which a detailed solution thermodynamic study exploring the iron coordination properties is reported. The acid-base behavior of gramibactin as well as its complexing ability toward Fe3+ was studied over a wide range of pH values (2≤pH≤11). For the latter the ligand-competition method employing EDTA was used. Only two species are formed: [Fe(GBT)]- (pH 2 to 9) and [Fe(GBT)(OH)2 ]3- (pH≥9). The formation of [Fe(GBT)]- and its occurrence in real systems was confirmed by LC-HRESIMS analysis of the bacteria culture broth extract. The sequestering ability of gramibactin was also evaluated in terms of the parameters pFe and pL0.5 . Gramibactin exhibits a higher sequestering ability toward Fe3+ than EDTA and of the same order of magnitude as hydroxamate-type microbial siderophores, but smaller than most of the catecholate-type siderophores and much higher than the most known phytosiderophores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gama
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr 807743JenaGermany
- New address: Department of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of BialystokCiolkowskiego 1K, 15–245BialystokPoland
| | - Ron Hermenau
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstr 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Mariachiara Frontauria
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr 807743JenaGermany
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità degli Studi di MessinaV.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 3198166MessinaItaly
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità degli Studi di MessinaV.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 3198166MessinaItaly
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstr 11a07745JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller University Jena07743JenaGermany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität JenaHumboldtstr 807743JenaGermany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nurchi VM, Cappai R, Crisponi G, Sanna G, Alberti G, Biesuz R, Gama S. Chelating Agents in Soil Remediation: A New Method for a Pragmatic Choice of the Right Chelator. Front Chem 2020; 8:597400. [PMID: 33240858 PMCID: PMC7667266 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.597400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil pollution by metal ions constitutes one of the most significant environmental problems in the world, being the ecosystems of extended areas wholly compromised. The remediation of soils is an impelling necessity, and different methodologies are used and studied for reaching this goal. Among them, the application of chelating agents is one of the most promising since it could allow the removal of metal ions while preserving the most meaningful properties of the original soils. The research in this field requires the joined contribute of different expertise spanning from biology to chemistry. In this work, we propose a parsimonious and pragmatic approach for screening among a range of potential chelating agents. This methodology, the Nurchi's method, is based on an extension of the Reilley procedure for EDTA titrations. This allows forecasting the binding ability of chelating agents toward the target polluting metal ions and those typically found in soils, based on the knowledge of the related protonation and complex formation constants. The method is thoroughly developed, and then tested by application to some representative cases. Its use and relevance in biomedical and industrial applications is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Rosita Cappai
- Dipartimento di Scienza della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Dipartimento di Scienza della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Sofia Gama
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brünjes R, Hofmann T. Anthropogenic gadolinium in freshwater and drinking water systems. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 182:115966. [PMID: 32599421 PMCID: PMC7256513 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging is leading to widespread contamination of freshwater and drinking water systems. Contrary to previous assumptions that GBCAs are stable throughout the water cycle, they can degrade. The stability of GBCAs depends largely on their organic ligands, but also on the physicochemical conditions. There is specific concern regarding UV end-of-pipe water treatments, which may degrade GBCAs. Degradation products in drinking water supplies can increase the risk of adverse health effects. This is of particular relevance where the raw water for drinking water production has a higher proportion of recycled wastewater. GBCAs concentrations in aquatic systems, often referred to as anthropogenic gadolinium, are determined using a variety of calculation methods. Where anthropogenic gadolinium concentrations are low, the inconsistent use of these methods results in high discrepancies and high levels of uncertainty. The current COVID-19 crisis will, in the short-term, drastically decrease the input of GBCAs to freshwater systems. Temporal variations in anthropogenic gadolinium concentrations in river water can be used to better understand river-aquifer interactions and groundwater flow velocities. Collecting urine from all patients following MRI examinations could be a way forward to halt the generally increasing concentrations of Gd in drinking water systems and recover this technologically critical element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Brünjes
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Environmental Geosciences, Althanstraße 14, UZA2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Environmental Geosciences, Althanstraße 14, UZA2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lopera A, Aguilar JA, Belda R, Verdejo B, Steed JW, García-España E. Hybrid GMP-polyamine hydrogels as new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6514-6522. [PMID: 32597453 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the preparation and characterization of new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation. These new gels are based on positively charged [1+1] 1H-pyrazole-based azamacrocycles which minimise the electrostatic repulsions between the negatively charged GMP molecules. Rheological measurements confirm the electroneutral hydrogel structure as the most stable for all the GMP-polyamine systems. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to investigate the kinetics of the hydrogel formation and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) was used to obtain information about the hydrogel morphology, which exhibited a non-homogeneous structure with a high degree of cross-linking. It is possible to introduce isoniazid, which is the most employed antibiotic for tuberculosis treatment, into the hydrogels without disrupting the hydrogel structure at appropriate concentrations for oral administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lopera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Juan A Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, UK.
| | - Raquel Belda
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, UK.
| | - Begoña Verdejo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE Durham, UK.
| | - Enrique García-España
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arena K, Brancato G, Cacciola F, Crea F, Cataldo S, De Stefano C, Gama S, Lando G, Milea D, Mondello L, Pettignano A, Plass W, Sammartano S. 8-Hydroxyquinoline-2-Carboxylic Acid as Possible Molybdophore: A Multi-Technique Approach to Define Its Chemical Speciation, Coordination and Sequestering Ability in Aqueous Solution. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060930. [PMID: 32570991 PMCID: PMC7356571 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid (8-HQA) has been found in high concentrations (0.5–5.0 mmol·dm−3) in the gut of Noctuid larvae (and in a few other lepidopterans), in which it is proposed to act as a siderophore. Since it is known that many natural siderophores are also involved in the uptake and metabolism of other essential elements than iron, this study reports some results on the investigation of 8-HQA interactions with molybdate (MoO42−, i.e., the main molybdenum form in aqueous environments), in order to understand the possible role of this ligand as molybdophore. A multi-technique approach has been adopted, in order to derive a comprehensive set of information necessary to assess the chemical speciation of the 8-HQA/MoO42− system, as well as the coordination behavior and the sequestering ability of 8-HQA towards molybdate. Chemical speciation studies have been performed in KCl(aq) at I = 0.2 mol·dm−3 and T = 298.15 K by ISE-H+ (glass electrode) potentiometric and UV/Vis spectrophotometric titrations. CV (Cyclic Voltammetry), DP-ASV (Differential Pulse-Anodic Stripping Voltammetry), ESI-MS experiments and quantum mechanical calculations have been also performed to derive information about the nature and possible structure of species formed. These results are also compared with those reported for the 8-HQA/Fe3+ system in terms of chemical speciation and sequestering ability of 8-HQA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Arena
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Brancato
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Palazzo della Carovana, Classe di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Consolare Valeria s.n., 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Francesco Crea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Cataldo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17., 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Concetta De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sofia Gama
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (D.M.); Tel.: +48-85-7388090 (S.G.); +39-090-676-5758 (D.M.)
| | - Gabriele Lando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (D.M.); Tel.: +48-85-7388090 (S.G.); +39-090-676-5758 (D.M.)
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Facoltà Dipartimentale di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Uomo e l’Ambiente, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Roma, Italy
- BeSep s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Pettignano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17., 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Humboldtstr 8, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (K.A.); (F.C.); (C.D.S.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dalla Torre G, Mujika JI, Lachowicz JI, Ramos MJ, Lopez X. The interaction of aluminum with catecholamine-based neurotransmitters: can the formation of these species be considered a potential risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases? Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6003-6018. [PMID: 30688329 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04216k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential neurotoxic role of Al(iii) and its proposed link with the insurgence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) have attracted increasing interest towards the determination of the nature of bioligands that are propitious to interact with aluminum. Among them, catecholamine-based neurotransmitters have been proposed to be sensitive to the presence of this non-essential metal ion in the brain. In the present work, we characterize several aluminum-catecholamine complexes in various stoichiometries, determining their structure and thermodynamics of formation. For this purpose, we apply a recently validated computational protocol with results that show a remarkably good agreement with the available experimental data. In particular, we employ Density Functional Theory (DFT) in conjunction with continuum solvation models to calculate complexation energies of aluminum for a set of four important catecholamines: l-DOPA, dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline. In addition, by means of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) and Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) we assessed the nature of the Al-ligand interactions, finding mainly ionic bonds with an important degree of covalent character. Our results point at the possibility of the formation of aluminum-catecholamine complexes with favorable formation energies, even when proton/aluminum competition is taken into account. Indeed, we found that these catecholamines are better aluminum binders than catechol at physiological pH, because of the electron withdrawing effect of the positively-charged amine that decreases their deprotonation penalty with respect to catechol. However, overall, our results show that, in an open biological environment, the formation of Al-catecholamine complexes is not thermodynamically competitive when compared with the formation of other aluminum species in solution such as Al-hydroxide, or when considering other endogenous/exogenous Al(iii) ligands such as citrate, deferiprone and EDTA. In summary, we rule out the possibility, suggested by some authors, that the formation of Al-catecholamine complexes in solution might be behind some of the toxic roles attributed to aluminum in the brain. An up-to-date view of the catecholamine biosynthesis pathway with sites of aluminum interference (according to the current literature) is presented. Alternative mechanisms that might explain the deleterious effects of this metal on the catecholamine route are thoroughly discussed, and new hypotheses that should be investigated in future are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Dalla Torre
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Sanna G, Pérez-Toro I, Niclos-Gutierrez J, Gonzalez-Perez MJ, Domínguez Martín A. Complex formation equilibria of polyamine ligands with copper(II) and zinc(II). J Inorg Biochem 2019; 194:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
14
|
Savastano M, Bazzicalupi C, García-Gallarín C, López de la Torre MD, Bianchi A, Melguizo M. Supramolecular forces and their interplay in stabilizing complexes of organic anions: tuning binding selectivity in water. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01152d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interplay of different supramolecular forces in stabilizing organic anion complexes with s-tetrazine-based ligands in aqueous solution: a microscopic description.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- CSGI
| | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Manuel Melguizo
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry
- University of Jaén
- 23071 Jaén
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crea F, De Stefano C, Milea D, Sammartano S. Phytate–molybdate( vi) interactions in NaCl (aq)at different ionic strengths: unusual behaviour of the protonated species. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04651k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stepwise stability constants of phytate/molybdate(vi) complexes regularly increase with the number of protons in the species, affecting their speciation and sequestration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Crea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina
- 31-98166 Messina
- Italy
| | - Concetta De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina
- 31-98166 Messina
- Italy
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina
- 31-98166 Messina
- Italy
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina
- 31-98166 Messina
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gama S, Frontauria M, Ueberschaar N, Brancato G, Milea D, Sammartano S, Plass W. Thermodynamic study on 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid as a chelating agent for iron found in the gut of Noctuid larvae. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04889k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
8-HQA is a good sequestering agent towards Fe2+ and Fe3+ over a wide pH range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gama
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Mariachiara Frontauria
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Nico Ueberschaar
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Giuseppe Brancato
- Scuola Normale Superiore
- Palazzo della Carovana
- Classe di Scienze Matematiche e Naturali
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cataldo S, Lando G, Milea D, Orecchio S, Pettignano A, Sammartano S. A novel thermodynamic approach for the complexation study of toxic metal cations by a landfill leachate. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The leachate humic fraction is a good sequestering agent towards toxic metal ions, influencing their aqueous solution behaviour and their environmental impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cataldo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Università di Palermo
- Viale delle Scienze
- I-90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Gabriele Lando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche
- Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Università di Palermo
- Palermo
- Italy
| | - Alberto Pettignano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Università di Palermo
- Viale delle Scienze
- I-90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dalla Torre G, Mujika JI, Formoso E, Matito E, Ramos MJ, Lopez X. Tuning the affinity of catechols and salicylic acids towards Al(iii): characterization of Al–chelator interactions. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9592-9607. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01341a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum is a non-essential element in the human body with unclear harmful effects; therefore, the design and tuning of new and efficient Al(iii) chelating agents is a subject of paramount importance nowadays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Dalla Torre
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Euskadi
- Spain
| | - Jon I. Mujika
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Euskadi
- Spain
| | - Elena Formoso
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Euskadi
- Spain
| | - Eduard Matito
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Euskadi
- Spain
| | - Maria J. Ramos
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- Porto
| | - Xabier Lopez
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- Euskadi
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cardiano P, Foti C, Giuffrè O. Removal of di- and tri-alkyltin(IV) compounds by polyphosphonate ligand: A speciation perspective. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
20
|
Savastano M, Arranz-Mascarós P, Bazzicalupi C, Clares MP, Godino-Salido ML, Guijarro L, Gutiérrez-Valero MD, Bianchi A, García-España E, López-Garzón R. Polyfunctional Tetraaza-Macrocyclic Ligands: Zn(II), Cu(II) Binding and Formation of Hybrid Materials with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:3868-3877. [PMID: 31457693 PMCID: PMC6641023 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The binding properties of HL1, HL2, and HL3 ligands toward Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions, constituted by tetraaza-macrocyclic rings decorated with pyrimidine pendants, were investigated by means of potentiometric and UV spectrophotometric measurements in aqueous solution, with the objective of using the related HL-M(II) (HL = HL1-HL3; M = Cu, Zn) complexes for the preparation of hybrid MWCNT-HL-M(II) materials based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), through an environmentally friendly noncovalent procedure. As shown by the crystal structure of [Cu(HL1)](ClO4)2, metal coordination takes place in the macrocyclic ring, whereas the pyrimidine residue remains available for attachment onto the surface of the MWCNTs via π-π stacking interactions. On the basis of equilibrium data showing the formation of highly stable Cu(II) complexes, the MWCNT-HL1-Cu(II) material was prepared and characterized. This compound proved very stable toward lixiviation processes (release of HL1 and/or Cu(II)); thus, it was used for the preparation of its reduced MWCNT-HL1-Cu(0) derivatives. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy images showed that MWCNT-HL1-Cu(0) contains Cu(0) nanoparticles, of very small (less than 5 nm) and regular size, uniformly distributed over the surface of the MWCNTs. Also, the MWCNT-HL1-Cu(0) material proved very resistant to detachment of its components. Accordingly, both MWCNT-HL1-Cu(II) and MWCNT-HL1-Cu(0) are promising candidates for applications in heterogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Savastano
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Paz Clares
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Lluis Guijarro
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Bianchi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- E-mail: (A.B.)
| | - Enrique García-España
- Institute
of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
- E-mail: (E.G.E.)
| | - Rafael López-Garzón
- Department
of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University
of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- E-mail: (R.L.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Savastano M, Bazzicalupi C, Giorgi C, Gratteri P, Bianchi A. Cation, Anion and Ion-Pair Complexes with a G-3 Poly(ethylene imine) Dendrimer in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050816. [PMID: 28509862 PMCID: PMC6154109 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The G-3 poly(ethylene imine) ligand L2 shows a multifaceted coordination ability, being able to bind metal cations, anions and ion-pairs. The equilibrium constants for the formation of metal (Cu2+, Zn2+), anion (SO₄2-) and ion-pair (Cu2+/SO₄2-) complexes were determined in 0.1 M Me₄NCl aqueous solution at 298.1 ± 0.1 K by means of potentiometric titrations. Thanks to its dendrimeric nature, L2 can form highly nucleated metal complexes, such as Cu₅L210+ and Zn₄L28+, in successive and well-defined complexation steps. Protonated forms of L2 give rise to relatively weak anion complexes with SO₄2-, but the addition of Cu2+ significantly enhances the binding ability of the ligand toward this anion below pH 9. In more alkaline solutions, an opposite trend is observed. The coordination properties of L2 are discussed with the support of modelling calculations. According to results, L2 is a promising molecule for the preparation of solid supported materials for the recovery of cations and anions from aqueous media and/or for applications in heterogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Paola Gratteri
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, and Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cardiano P, Cigala RM, Cordaro M, De Stefano C, Milea D, Sammartano S. On the complexation of metal cations with “pure” diethylenetriamine-N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentakis(methylenephosphonic) acid. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00118e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of various metal cations by DTPMA obtained by an efficient synthetic procedure has been investigated, assessing its sequestering ability and speciation in real systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cardiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Rosalia Maria Cigala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Massimiliano Cordaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Concetta De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università di Messina
- 98166 Messina
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bazzicalupi C, Bianchi A, Giorgi C, Savastano M, Morales-Lara F. ATP dephosphorylation can be either enhanced or inhibited by pH-controlled interaction with a dendrimer molecule. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3907-10. [PMID: 25656836 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00350d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polyammonium/polyamine receptors are known to enhance ATP dephosphorylation in solution. ATP interaction with a G-3 poly(ethylene imine) dendrimer shows an unprecedented behaviour, the dendrimer catalyst being able to enhance or inhibit dephosphorylation of the nucleotide depending on the solution pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Inorganic mercury sequestration by a poly(ethylene imine) dendrimer in aqueous solution. Molecules 2015; 20:3783-90. [PMID: 25730387 PMCID: PMC6272757 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the G-2 poly(ethylene imine) dendrimer L, derived from ammonia as initiating core, with Hg(II) and HgCl42- was studied in aqueous solution by means of potentiometric (pH-metric) measurements. Speciation of these complex systems showed that L is able to form a wide variety of complexes including 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 3:2 metal-to-ligand species, of different protonation states, as well as the anion complexes [(H7L)HgCl4]5+ and [(H8L)HgCl4]6+. The stability of the metal complexes is very high, making L an excellent sequestering agent for Hg(II), over a large pH range, and a promising ligand for the preparation of functionalized activated carbons to be employed in the remediation and the prevention of environmental problems.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cigala RM, Crea F, De Stefano C, Foti C, Milea D, Sammartano S. Zinc(II) complexes with hydroxocarboxylates and mixed metal species with tin(II) in different salts aqueous solutions at different ionic strengths: formation, stability, and weak interactions with supporting electrolytes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Blasco S, Verdejo B, Bazzicalupi C, Bianchi A, Giorgi C, Soriano C, García-España E. A thermodynamic insight into the recognition of hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids in pure water by aza-scorpiand type receptors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:843-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic studies about the interaction of scorpiand aza-macrocycles with amino acids in water show entropy driven stabilisations often associated with solvation/desolvation processes.
Collapse
|
27
|
Pitarch-Jarque J, Belda R, García-España L, Llinares JM, Pan F, Rissanen K, Navarro P, García-España E. From isolated 1H-pyrazole cryptand anion receptors to hybrid inorganic–organic 1D helical polymeric anion receptors. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7761-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a 1-D helical coordination polymer formed by protonated polyamine 1H-pyrazole cryptands interconnected by Cu2+metal ions that are able to encapsulate chloride anions behaving as a multianion receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Belda
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- Paterna
- Spain
| | | | - José M. Llinares
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
- Universidad de Valencia
- Paterna
- Spain
| | - FangFang Pan
- University of Jyvaskyla
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanoscience Center
- University of Jyvaskyla
- Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanoscience Center
- University of Jyvaskyla
- Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cucinotta D, De Stefano C, Giuffrè O, Lando G, Milea D, Sammartano S. Formation, stability and empirical relationships for the binding of Sn2+ by O-, N- and S-donor ligands. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
29
|
Bazzicalupi C, Bianchi A, Giorgi C, Valtancoli B. Zn(II) enhances nucleotide binding and dephosphorylation in the presence of a poly(ethylene imine) dendrimer. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
30
|
Inclán M, Albelda MT, Carbonell E, Blasco S, Bauzá A, Frontera A, García-España E. Molecular recognition of nucleotides in water by scorpiand-type receptors based on nucleobase discrimination. Chemistry 2014; 20:3730-41. [PMID: 24574302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection of nucleotides is of crucial importance because they are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids. Scorpiand-based polyamine receptors functionalized with pyridine or anthracene units are able to form stable complexes with nucleotides in water, based on coulombic, π-π stacking, and hydrogen-bonding interactions. This behavior has been rationalized by means of an exploration with NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Binding constants were determined by potentiometry. Fluorescence spectroscopy studies have revealed the potential of these receptors as sensors to effectively and selectively distinguish guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) from adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Inclán
- Molecular Science Institute (ICMol), Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna (Spain)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Savastano M, Arranz-Mascarós P, Bazzicalupi C, Bianchi A, Giorgi C, Godino-Salido ML, Gutiérrez-Valero MD, López-Garzón R. Binding and removal of octahedral, tetrahedral, square planar and linear anions in water by means of activated carbon functionalized with a pyrimidine-based anion receptor. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11916a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced anion recovery from water is achieved upon functionalization of activated carbon with polyamine groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M. Luz Godino-Salido
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry
- University of Jaén 23071
- Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Rafael López-Garzón
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry
- University of Jaén 23071
- Jaén, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nurchi VM, Crespo-Alonso M, Toso L, Lachowicz JI, Crisponi G, Alberti G, Biesuz R, Domínguez-Martín A, Niclós-Gutíerrez J, González-Pérez JM, Zoroddu MA. IronIII and aluminiumIII complexes with substituted salicyl-aldehydes and salicylic acids. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 128:174-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
33
|
Crea F, Foti C, Milea D, Sammartano S. Speciation of Cadmium in the Environment. Met Ions Life Sci 2013; 11:63-83. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5179-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
34
|
Nurchi VM, Crisponi G, Crespo-Alonso M, Lachowicz JI, Szewczuk Z, Cooper GJS. Complex formation equilibria of Cu(II) and Zn(II) with triethylenetetramine and its mono- and di-acetyl metabolites. Dalton Trans 2012. [PMID: 23202417 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32252h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triethylenetetramine (TETA) dihydrochloride, or trientine, is a therapeutic molecule that has long been used as a copper-chelating agent for the second-line treatment of patients with Wilson's disease. More recently, it has also been employed as an experimental therapeutic molecule in diabetes where it improves cardiac structure in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and left-ventricular hypertrophy. TETA is metabolized by acetylation, which leads to the formation of two main metabolites in humans and other mammals, monoacetyl-TETA (MAT) and diacetyl-TETA (DAT). These metabolites have been identified in the plasma and urine of healthy and diabetic subjects treated with TETA, and could themselves play a role in TETA-mediated copper chelation and restoration of physiological copper regulation in diabetes. In this regard, a potentiometric and spectrophotometric study of Cu(II)-complex formation equilibria of TETA, MAT and DAT is presented here, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the stoichiometries of the complexes formed and of their relative stability constants. A potentiometric study has also been conducted on the corresponding Zn(II) complexes, to evaluate any possible interference with TETA-mediated Cu(II) binding by this second physiological transition-metal ion, which is present in similar concentrations in human plasma and which also binds to TETA. An ESI-MS study of these systems has both confirmed the complex formation mechanisms established from the potentiometric and spectrophotometric results, and in addition provided direct information on the stoichiometry of the complexes formed in solution. These data when taken together show that the 1 : 1 complexes formed with Cu(II) and Zn(II) have different degrees of protonation. The stability of the Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with the three ligands, evaluated by the parameters pCu and pZn, decreases with the introduction of the acetyl groups. Nevertheless the stability of Cu(II) complexes with MAT is sufficiently high to enable its participation in copper scavenging from the patient. A speciation study of the behavior of TETA and MAT with Cu(II) in the presence of Zn(II) at peri-physiological plasma concentrations is also presented. While Zn(II) did not hinder copper binding, the possibility is raised that prolonged TETA treatment could possibly alter the homeostatic regulation of this essential metal ion. The lack of reliable literature stability constants concerning the Cu(II) and Zn(II) interaction with the major transport proteins in plasma is also briefly considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria M Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Different approaches to the study of chelating agents for iron and aluminium overload pathologies. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:585-601. [PMID: 23096940 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Our objective is to illustrate the activity of the groups operating in Italy involved in identification and study of new chelating agents, mainly intended for treatment of human pathology correlated with metal overload. The objective of "chelation therapy" is removal of toxic metal ions from the human body or attenuation of their toxicity by transforming them into less toxic compounds or by dislocating them from the site at which they exert a toxic action. Because most of this research activity is related to chelating agents for iron and aluminium, diseases related to these two metal ions are briefly treated. Iron overload is the most common metal toxicity disease worldwide. The toxicity of aluminium in dialysis patients was a serious problem for haemodialysis units in the seventies and eighties of the last century. In particular, this review focuses on research performed by the group at Cagliari and Ferrara, and by that at Padova. The former is studying, above all, bisphosphonate and kojic acid derivatives, and the latter is investigating 3,4-hydroxypyridinecarboxylic acids with differently substituted pyridinic rings.
Collapse
|
36
|
Vacca A, Francesconi O, Roelens S. BC(50): a generalized, unifying affinity descriptor. CHEM REC 2012; 12:544-66. [PMID: 23001996 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Assessing binding affinities is an unavoidable step that we come across any time interactions between binding species are investigated. A quantitative evaluation of binding affinities relies on the determination of binding constants but, whilst the binding constant fully defines the affinity of a reagent for a ligand when only one complex species is formed, the same is not true when the interacting partners form more than one complex of different stoichiometry, because all complexes contribute to the overall binding affinity. Unfortunately, this situation is the rule rather than the exception in chemical systems, but a generally accepted solution for this issue has not yet been settled. In this Personal Account, we describe the evolution, from the initial idea to a fully developed stage, of a binding descriptor that has been developed with the aim of filling this gap, thereby providing scientists in all fields of chemistry with a unifying tool for the assessment of binding affinities based on the knowledge of the binding constants in systems that involve any number of complex species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vacca
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bretti C, Cigala RM, Lando G, Milea D, Sammartano S. Sequestering ability of phytate toward biologically and environmentally relevant trivalent metal cations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:8075-8082. [PMID: 22845864 DOI: 10.1021/jf302007v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative parameters for the interactions between phytate (Phy) and Al(3+), Fe(3+), and Cr(3+) were determined potentiometrically in NaNO(3) aqueous solutions at I = 0.10 mol L(-1) and T = 298.15 K. Different complex species were found in a wide pH range. The various species are partially protonated, depending on the pH in which they are formed, and are indicated with the general formula MH(q)Phy (with 0 ≤ q ≤ 6). In all cases, the stability of the FeH(q)Phy species is several log K units higher than that of the analogous AlH(q)Phy and CrH(q)Phy species. For example, for the MH(2)Phy species, the stability trend is log K(2) = 15.81, 20.61, and 16.70 for Al(3+), Fe(3+), and Cr(3+), respectively. The sequestering ability of phytate toward the considered metal cations was evaluated by calculating the pL(0.5) values (i.e., the total ligand concentration necessary to bind 50% of the cation present in trace in solution) at different pH values. In general, phytate results in a quite good sequestering agent toward all three cations in the whole investigated pH range, but the order of pL(0.5) depends on it. For example, at pH 5.0 it is pL(0.5) = 5.33, 5.44, and 5.75 for Fe(3+), Cr(3+), and Al(3+), respectively (Fe(3+) < Cr(3+) < Al(3+)); at pH 7.4 it is pL(0.5) = 9.94, 9.23, and 8.71 (Al(3+) < Cr(3+) < Fe(3+)), whereas at pH 9.0 it is pL(0.5) = 10.42, 10.87, and 8.34 (Al(3+) < Fe(3+) < Cr(3+)). All of the pL(0.5) values, and therefore the sequestering ability, regularly increase with increasing pH, and the dependence of pL(0.5) on pH was modeled using some empirical equations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Bretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica, Università di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina (Vill. S. Agata), Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Borkovec M, Čakara D, Koper GJM. Resolution of microscopic protonation enthalpies of polyprotic molecules by means of cluster expansions. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:4300-9. [PMID: 22380971 DOI: 10.1021/jp301164f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cluster expansion techniques are used to obtain microconstants and microenthalpies of protonation reactions. The approach relies on the analysis of macroscopic protonation constants and protonation enthalpies within a homologous series. Various linear aliphatic polyamines are considered, including 3,4-tri (spermidine), 3,4,3-tet (spermine), and 2,2,2,2-pent. Besides the full resolution of the microscopic protonation equilibria, one obtains information on the temperature dependence of the microstate probabilities. We find that the concentrations of the dominant microspecies increase with increasing temperature. Due to the large negative protonation enthalpies that are typical for amines, higher temperatures generally favor the less protonated species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Borkovec
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical, and Applied Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bazzicalupi C, Biagini S, Bianchi A, Faggi E, Giorgi C, Gratteri P, Pina F, Valtancoli B. Thermodynamic and fluorescence emission properties of the Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) complexes with a fluorescent chelator bearing phenanthroline and naphthalene subunits. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|