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Yanagi S, Takayama O, Toriumi N, Muranaka A, Hashizume D, Uchiyama M. 20π-Electron Antiaromatic Benziphthalocyanines with Absorption Reaching the Near-Infrared-II Region. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400401. [PMID: 38488227 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Although second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1500 nm) light has attracted considerable attention, especially for life sciences applications, the development of organic dyes with NIR-II absorption remains a formidable challenge. Herein we report the design, synthesis, and electronic properties of 20π-electron antiaromatic benziphthalocyanines (BPcs) that exhibit intense absorption bands in the NIR region. The strong, low-energy absorption of the antiaromatic BPcs is attributed to electric-dipole-allowed HOMO-LUMO transitions with narrow band gaps, enabled by the reduced structural symmetry of BPc compared with regular porphyrins and phthalocyanines. The combination of peripheral substituents and a central metal decreases the HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, leading to the extension of the absorption bands into the NIR-II region (reaching 1100 nm) under reductive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yanagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Orie Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Toriumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
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2
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Bednarik S, Demuth J, Kernal J, Miletin M, Zimcik P, Novakova V. Tuning Electron-Accepting Properties of Phthalocyanines for Charge Transfer Processes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8799-8806. [PMID: 38679903 PMCID: PMC11094797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines play fundamental roles as electron-acceptors in many different fields; thus, the study of structural features affecting electron-accepting properties of these macrocycles is highly desirable. A series of low-symmetry zinc(II) phthalocyanines, in which one, three, or four benzene rings were replaced for pyrazines, was prepared and decorated with electron-neutral (alkylsulfanyl) or strongly electron-withdrawing (alkylsulfonyl) groups to study the role of the macrocyclic core as well as the effect of peripheral substituents. Electrochemical studies revealed that the first reduction potential (Ered1) is directly proportional to the number of pyrazine units in the macrocycle. Introduction of alkylsulfonyl groups had a very strong effect and resulted in a strongly electron-deficient macrocycle with Ered1 = -0.48 V vs SCE (in THF). The efficiency of intramolecular-charge transfer (ICT) from the peripheral bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine group to the macrocycle was monitored as a decrease in the sum of ΦΔ + ΦF and correlated well with the determined Ered1 values. The strongest quenching by ICT was observed for the most electron-deficient macrocycle. Importantly, an obvious threshold at -1.0 V vs SCE was observed over which no ICT occurs. Disclosed results may substantially help to improve the design of electron-donor systems based on phthalocyanines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bednarik
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Demuth
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kernal
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Miletin
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novakova
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
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López-Duarte I, Kawata T, Urbani M, Dreano M, Kimura M, Martínez-Díaz MV, Torres T. Exploring the Role of Central Metals in Bulky Phthalocyanines for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemistry 2024:e202400468. [PMID: 38683640 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Two series of metallo-(Zn(II), Mg(II), and Ru(II)) and free-base phthalocyanines (Pcs) with a carboxyl anchoring group and well-established bulky peripheral substituents (either tert-butyl or bulky 2,6-diisopropylphenoxy) were synthesized and tested as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The trend of photovoltaic efficiencies (PCEs) for free-base and metallo Pcs followed the order Zn(II)Pc>Mg(II)Pc≫H2Pc ≈ Ru(II)Pc regardless of the peripheral substitution. Higher efficiencies (4.95 versus 3.63 for the Zn(II) derivatives) were achieved with Pcs bearing the bulkier 2,6-diisopropylphenoxy group, indicating a lower aggregation and more suitable HOMO-LUMO levels. Furthermore, these derivatives showed a morelevant influence of the metal on the PCE values (from the highest 4.95 for the Zn(II)Pc to the lowest 0.23 for the Ru(II)Pc. In both series, the best PCEs observed with the Zn(II) derivatives were mainly due to their highest Jsc values. The lowest efficiencies found for the free-bases and Ru(II) derivatives were attributed to a mismatch between their LUMO levels and the conduction band of the TiO2,and lower light-harvesting capabilities, respectively. In conclusion, Zn(II) derivatives are still the best Pc candidates to use as sensitizers in molecular photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael López-Duarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Takahiro Kawata
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Maxence Urbani
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melanie Dreano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan
| | - M Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Cheng G, Kuan CY, Lou KW, Ho YP. Light-Responsive Materials in Droplet Manipulation for Biochemical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313935. [PMID: 38379512 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturized droplets, characterized by well-controlled microenvironments and capability for parallel processing, have significantly advanced the studies on enzymatic evolution, molecular diagnostics, and single-cell analysis. However, manipulation of small-sized droplets, including moving, merging, and trapping of the targeted droplets for complex biochemical assays and subsequent analysis, is not trivial and remains technically demanding. Among various techniques, light-driven methods stand out as a promising candidate for droplet manipulation in a facile and flexible manner, given the features of contactless interaction, high spatiotemporal resolution, and biocompatibility. This review therefore compiles an in-depth discussion of the governing mechanisms underpinning light-driven droplet manipulation. Besides, light-responsive materials, representing the core of light-matter interaction and the key character converting light into different forms of energy, are particularly assessed in this review. Recent advancements in light-responsive materials and the most notable applications are comprehensively archived and evaluated. Continuous innovations and rational engineering of light-responsive materials are expected to propel the development of light-driven droplet manipulation, equip droplets with enhanced functionality, and broaden the applications of droplets for biochemical studies and routine biochemical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chit Yau Kuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Kuan Wen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yi-Ping Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Centre for Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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5
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Wang J, Gadenne V, Patrone L, Raimundo JM. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Push-Pull Chromophores as Active Layers and Their Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:559. [PMID: 38338304 PMCID: PMC10856137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, considerable attention has been focused on the design and development of surfaces with defined or tunable properties for a wide range of applications and fields. To this end, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organic compounds offer a unique and straightforward route of modifying and engineering the surface properties of any substrate. Thus, alkane-based self-assembled monolayers constitute one of the most extensively studied organic thin-film nanomaterials, which have found wide applications in antifouling surfaces, the control of wettability or cell adhesion, sensors, optical devices, corrosion protection, and organic electronics, among many other applications, some of which have led to their technological transfer to industry. Nevertheless, recently, aromatic-based SAMs have gained importance as functional components, particularly in molecular electronics, bioelectronics, sensors, etc., due to their intrinsic electrical conductivity and optical properties, opening up new perspectives in these fields. However, some key issues affecting device performance still need to be resolved to ensure their full use and access to novel functionalities such as memory, sensors, or active layers in optoelectronic devices. In this context, we will present herein recent advances in π-conjugated systems-based self-assembled monolayers (e.g., push-pull chromophores) as active layers and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Wang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, AMUTech, 13288 Marseille, France;
- ISEN, Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IM2NP, AMUtech, 83041 Toulon ou Marseille, France;
| | - Virginie Gadenne
- ISEN, Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IM2NP, AMUtech, 83041 Toulon ou Marseille, France;
| | - Lionel Patrone
- ISEN, Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IM2NP, AMUtech, 83041 Toulon ou Marseille, France;
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6
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McKearney D, MacDonald K, Kim MS, Williams VE, Leznoff DB. Tuning the visible colour of octahedral manganese(III) phthalocyanines via axial ligand exchange. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:938-948. [PMID: 38108471 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03518b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of [PcMnL2]SbF6 complexes (Pc = phthalocyanine) was synthesized and structurally characterized by stripping the chloride from PcMnCl with AgSbF6 in o-dichlorobenzene and adding a range of donor ligands (L = THF, pyridine, p-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), Ph3PO, N-methylimidazole (MeIm), MeCN) to the resulting solution. Addition of or exposure to water where L = heterocyclic amines yielded μ-oxo complexes of the form [PcMnL]2O, which were structurally characterized for L = DMAP and MeIm. The [PcMnL2]SbF6 complexes have an increased solubility in organic solvents, where the axial ligands inhibit the characteristic ring π-π aggregation of PcM complexes. A variety of colours were observed (blue/green to red/purple), with Q-band absorptions (excluding the μ-oxo species) spanning from 715-761 nm and LMCT-bands from 497-574 nm. The combination of the ligand-induced absorption shifts coupled with their relative intensities in the visible region is responsible for the observed colour range and illustrates that facile ligand exchange is a useful tool in producing materials with a variety of colours from PcMnCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan McKearney
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Kyle MacDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Min Suk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Vance E Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Daniel B Leznoff
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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7
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Marchini E, Caramori S, Carli S. Metal Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cells (DSPECs). Molecules 2024; 29:293. [PMID: 38257206 PMCID: PMC10818894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since Mallouk's earliest contribution, dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have emerged as a promising class of photoelectrochemical devices capable of storing solar light into chemical bonds. This review primarily focuses on metal complexes outlining stabilization strategies and applications. The ubiquity and safety of water have made its splitting an extensively studied reaction; here, we present some examples from the outset to recent advancements. Additionally, alternative oxidative pathways like HX splitting and organic reactions mediated by a redox shuttle are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Marchini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Stefano Carli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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8
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Sharma SJ, Sekar N. A promising small-sized near-infrared absorbing zwitterionic dye for DSSC and NLO applications: DFT and TD-DFT approaches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30023-30039. [PMID: 37905435 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03858k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein we investigate three quinoid zwitterionic dye sensitizers having donor-donor (4-dimethylaniline; ZIDM), donor-acceptor (4-dimethylaniline and 4-benzoic acid; ZIMCA), and acceptor-acceptor (4-benzoic acid; ZIDCA) that can be used in dye sensitized-solar cells and non-linear optical (NLO) application through density-functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent-DFT computations. ZIDM showed better charge transfer than ZIMCA and ZIDCA, which showed similar trends in chemical potential, electrophilicity index, hardness, and hyperhardness. The higher values of open circuit voltage, light harvesting efficiency, lower binding, and adsorption energy values for the dye to bind with the TiO2 cluster were observed for ZIDM. The results suggest that these dyes can easily hold with the TiO2 cluster through the monodentate binding mode possible between Ti and oxygen of the zwitterionic backbone. The examination of the linear and NLO properties of these dyes revealed that ZIDM has a higher α0 = 80.64 × 10-24 esu, β0 = 448.54 × 10-30 esu, and γ = 2219.23 × 10-36 esu in DCM. Similarly, higher values of molecular hyperpolarizability of 1335.0 × 10-48 esu and 8818.3 × 10-48 esu were observed in gas and DCM for ZIDM than ZIMCA and ZIDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryapratap J Sharma
- Dyestuff Technology Department (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Dyestuff Technology Department (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India.
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9
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Liu S, Liu SS, Tang XM, Liu XY, Yang JJ, Cui G, Li L. Solvent effects on the photoinduced charge separation dynamics of directly linked zinc phthalocyanine-perylenediimide dyads: a nonadiabatic dynamics simulation with an optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid functional. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28452-28464. [PMID: 37846460 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03517d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have employed a combination of the optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid (OT-SRSH) functional, the polarizable continuum model (PCM), and nonadiabatic dynamics (NAMD) simulations to investigate the photoinduced dynamics of directly linked donor-acceptor dyads formed using zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and perylenediimide (PDI), in which ZnPc is the donor while PDI is the acceptor. Our simulations aim to analyze the behavior of these dyads upon local excitation of the ZnPc moiety in the gas phase and in benzonitrile. Our findings indicate that the presence of a solvent can significantly influence the excited state dynamics of ZnPc-PDI dyads. Specifically, the polar solvent benzonitrile effectively lowers the vertical excitation energies of the charge transfer (CT) state from ZnPc to PDI. As a result, the energetic order of the locally excited (LE) states of ZnPc and the CT states is reversed compared to the gas phase. Consequently, the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) dynamics from ZnPc to PDI, which is absent in the gas phase, takes place in benzonitrile with a time constant of 10.4 ps. Importantly, our present work not only qualitatively agrees with experimental results but also provides in-depth insights into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the photoinduced dynamics of ZnPc-PDI. Moreover, this study emphasizes the importance of appropriately considering solvent effects in NAMD simulation of organic donor-acceptor systems, taking into account the distinct excited state dynamics observed in the gas phase and benzonitrile. Furthermore, the combination of the OT-SRSH functional, the PCM solvent model, and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations shows promise as a strategy for investigating the complex excited state dynamics of organic donor-acceptor systems in solvents. These findings will be valuable for the future design of novel organic donor-acceptor structures with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
| | - Sha-Sha Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Tang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
| | - Jia-Jia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Laicai Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China.
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TOPKAYA D, ŞAHİN Z, İŞCİ Ü, DUMOULİN F. Phthalocyanines prepared from 4,5-dihexylthiophthalonitrile, a popular building block. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:814-836. [PMID: 38173733 PMCID: PMC10760877 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalocyanines are tetrapyrrolic artificial porphyrinoids that play major roles in advanced biological and technological applications. Research on this family of dyes is particularly active in Türkiye, with many derivatives being prepared from 4,5-dihexylthiophthalonitrile DiSHexPN, which is one of the most popular noncommercially available building blocks for phthalocyanines. This review summarizes the phthalocyanines and their versatile properties and applications that have been published since 1994, when the synthesis of DiSHexPN was first described, to emphasize the importance of this building block in plentiful applications, all with biomedical or technological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya TOPKAYA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir,
Turkiye
| | - Zeynel ŞAHİN
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Ümit İŞCİ
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Fabienne DUMOULİN
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
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11
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Ke MR, Chen Z, Shi J, Wei Y, Liu H, Huang S, Li X, Zheng BY, Huang JD. A smart and visible way to switch the aromaticity of silicon(IV) phthalocyanines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9832-9835. [PMID: 37505224 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02910g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Unlike traditional methods of modifying phthalocyanines (Pcs), we herein report a smart and visible way to switch the aromaticity of silicon(IV) phthalocyanines via a reversible nucleophilic addition reaction of the Pc skeleton induced by alkalis and acids, leading to an interesting allochroism phenomenon and the switching of photosensitive activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Rong Ke
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Jie Shi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ying Wei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Shuping Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xingshu Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Bi-Yuan Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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12
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Lawson SE, Leznoff DB, Warren JJ. Contemporary Strategies for Immobilizing Metallophthalocyanines for Electrochemical Transformations of Carbon Dioxide. Molecules 2023; 28:5878. [PMID: 37570849 PMCID: PMC10421282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallophthalocyanine (PcM) coordination complexes are well-known mediators of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2). They have many properties that show promise for practical applications in the energy sector. Such properties include synthetic flexibility, a high stability, and good efficiencies for the reduction of CO2 to useful feedstocks, such as carbon monoxide (CO). One of the ongoing challenges that needs to be met is the incorporation of PcM into the heterogeneous materials that are used in a great many CO2-reduction devices. Much progress has been made in the last decade and there are now several promising approaches to incorporate PcM into a range of materials, from simple carbon-adsorbed preparations to extended polymer networks. These approaches all have important advantages and drawbacks. In addition, investigations have led to new proposals regarding CO2 reduction catalytic cycles and other operational features that are crucial to function. Here, we describe developments in the immobilization of PcM CO2 reduction catalysts in the last decade (2013 to 2023) and propose promising avenues and strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel B. Leznoff
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A1S6, Canada;
| | - Jeffrey J. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A1S6, Canada;
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13
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Isobe M, Nakayama S, Takagi S, Araki K, Kanai K. Synthesis and Characterization of Octacyano-Fe-Phthalocyanine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27264-27275. [PMID: 37546620 PMCID: PMC10399171 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Octacyano-metal-phthalocyanine MPc(CN)8 is a promising n-type stable organic semiconductor material with eight cyano groups, including a strong electron-withdrawing group at its molecular terminals. However, a thorough investigation of MPc(CN)8 has not yet been conducted. Therefore, we synthesized FePc(CN)8 and investigated its crystal structure, chemical and electronic states, electrical properties, photocatalytic activity, and magnetic properties. In this paper, we discuss the various properties of MPc(CN)8 in comparison with those of FePc. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that the crystal structure of FePc(CN)8 was strongly influenced by the cyano groups and differed from the α- and β-forms of FePc. The space group P4/mcc structure of FePc(CN)8 was similar to that of the x-form of LiPc. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrum of FePc(CN)8 was observed at wavelengths longer than that of FePc. Density functional theory-based molecular orbital calculations indicated that the energy gap of FePc(CN)8 is smaller than that of FePc, which can lead to the observation of the Q-band in the UV-vis absorption spectrum of FePc(CN)8 at longer wavelengths than that of FePc. Because FePc(CN)8 has a wider optical absorption band in the visible region than FePc, its photocatalytic activity is approximately four times higher than that of FePc. The conductivity of FePc(CN)8 was also higher than that of FePc, which is due to the larger overlap of π-electron clouds of the molecules in the crystal structure of FePc(CN)8. Magnetic measurements revealed that FePc(CN)8 exists in an antiferromagnetic ground state. The magnetic properties of FePc(CN)8 are specific to its crystal structure, with direct exchange interactions between Fe2+ ions and π-electron-mediated interactions. In particular, the Pauli paramagnetic behavior at high temperatures and the antiferromagnetic behavior at low temperatures (Weiss temperature θ = -4.3 ± 0.1 K) are characteristic of the π-d system.
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14
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DSSCs based on unsymmetrical A3B type Zn(II) and TiO(IV) naphthalenephthalocyanine/porphyrin cocktail dyes: A potential alternative for ruthenium based sensitizers. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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15
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ATEŞ ÖD, TUNÇ G, ŞENOCAK A, DEDEOĞLU B, Ayhan MM, Gürek AG. The chemical and electrochemical stimuli viologen substituted phthalocyanine with tunable optical features1. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:1149-1159. [PMID: 38173739 PMCID: PMC10760869 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, viologen-tetrasubstituted Zn(II) phthalocyanines (PcV1 and PcV2) were designed and synthesized to achieve the tunable optical features via redox-active viologen groups. Several parameters relevant to the evaluation of the tunable optical features have been investigated: UV-Vis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), EPR, square wave voltammetry (SWV), and theoretical analyses. The results showed that upon reductions and oxidations of viologen groups either chemically or electrochemically, the optical features of PcV1 and PcV2 change drastically with switchable processes. These outcomes indicate that achieving control over optical features of large organic chromophores such as Pc with our rational design can be used for the design of new complex organic electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli,
Turkiye
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16
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Vaz B, Pérez-Lorenzo M. Unraveling Structure-Performance Relationships in Porphyrin-Sensitized TiO 2 Photocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1097. [PMID: 36985991 PMCID: PMC10059665 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, porphyrins have arisen as exceptional photosensitizers given their ability to act as chlorophyll-mimicking dyes, thus, transferring energy from the light-collecting areas to the reaction centers, as it happens in natural photosynthesis. For this reason, porphyrin-sensitized TiO2-based nanocomposites have been widely exploited in the field of photovoltaics and photocatalysis in order to overcome the well-known limitations of these semiconductors. However, even though both areas of application share some common working principles, the development of solar cells has led the way in what is referred to the continuous improvement of these architectures, particularly regarding the molecular design of these photosynthetic pigments. Yet, those innovations have not been efficiently translated to the field of dye-sensitized photocatalysis. This review aims at filling this gap by performing an in-depth exploration of the most recent advances in the understanding of the role played by the different structural motifs of porphyrins as sensitizers in light-driven TiO2-mediated catalysis. With this goal in mind, the chemical transformations, as well as the reaction conditions under which these dyes must operate, are taken in consideration. The conclusions drawn from this comprehensive analysis offer valuable hints for the implementation of novel porphyrin-TiO2 composites, which may pave the way toward the fabrication of more efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Vaz
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Moisés Pérez-Lorenzo
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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17
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Kitaw SL, Birhan YS, Tsai HC. Plasmonic surface-enhanced Raman scattering nano-substrates for detection of anionic environmental contaminants: Current progress and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115247. [PMID: 36640935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique of vibrational spectroscopy based on the inelastic scattering of incident photons by molecular species. It has unique properties such as ultra-sensitivity, selectivity, non-destructivity, speed, and fingerprinting properties for analytical and sensing applications. This enables SERS to be widely used in real-world sample analysis and basic plasmonic mechanistic studies. However, the desirable properties of SERS are compromised by the high cost and low reproducibility of the signals. The development of multifunctional, stable and reusable nano-engineered SERS substrates is a viable solution to circumvent these drawbacks. Recently, plasmonic SERS active nano-substrates with various morphologies have attracted the attention of researchers due to promising properties such as the formation of dense hot spots, additional stability, tunable and controlled morphology, and surface functionalization. This comprehensive review focused on the current advances in the field of SERS active nanosubstrates suitable for the detection and quantification of anionic environmental pollutants. The common fabrication methods, including the techniques for morphological adjustments and surface modification, substrate categories, and the design of nanotechnologically fabricated plasmonic SERS substrates for anion detection are systematically presented. Here, the need for the design, synthesis, and functionalization of SERS nano-substrates for anions of great environmental importance is explained in detail. In addition, the broad categories of SERS nano-substrates, namely colloid-based SERS substrates and solid-support SERS substrates are discussed. Moreover, a brief discussion of SERS detection of certain anionic pollutants in the environment is presented. Finally, the prospects in the fabrication and commercialization of pilot-scale handheld SERS sensors and the construction of smart nanosubstrates integrated with novel amplifying materials for the detection of anions of environmental and health concern are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Leshe Kitaw
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan, ROC.
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18
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Yanagi S, Matsumoto A, Toriumi N, Tanaka Y, Miyamoto K, Muranaka A, Uchiyama M. A Switchable Near-Infrared-Absorbing Dye Based on Redox-Bistable Benzitetraazaporphyrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218358. [PMID: 36670047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Activatable near-infrared (NIR) dyes responsive to external stimuli are used in medical and other applications. Here, we describe the design and synthesis of bench-stable 18π- and 20π-electron benzitetraazaporphyrins (BzTAPs) possessing redox-switchable NIR properties. X-Ray, NMR, and UV/Visible-NIR analyses revealed that 20π-electron BzTAP 1 exhibits NIR absorption and antiaromaticity with a paratropic ring-current, while 18π-electron BzTAP 2 shows weakly aromatic character with NIR inertness. Notably, the NIR-silent BzTAP 2 was readily converted to the NIR-active BzTAP 1 in the presence of mild reducing agents such as amine. The intense NIR absorption band of BzTAP 1 is in sharp contrast to the very weak absorption bands of previously reported antiaromatic porphyrinoids. Molecular orbital analysis revealed that symmetry-lowering perturbation of the 20π-electron porphyrinoid skeleton enables the HOMO-LUMO transition of 1 to be electric-dipole-allowed. BzTAPs are expected to be useful for constructing activatable NIR probes working in reductive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Yanagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akihisa Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Toriumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
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19
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Li M, Wang W, Ramachandran R, Chen F, Xu ZX. Visible-light-induced Activation of Peroxymonosulfate by N-CuMe2Pc Nanorods Decorated on Siloxene Sheets for Degradation of Rhodamine B. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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20
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Maldonado T, Ferraudi G, Graham Lappin A, Oliver AG. Comparison of the photochemical properties of phthalocyanine and hemiporphyrazine Zn(II) complexes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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21
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Risi G, Devereux M, Prescimone A, Housecroft CE, Constable EC. Back to the future: asymmetrical DπA 2,2'-bipyridine ligands for homoleptic copper(i)-based dyes in dye-sensitised solar cells. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4122-4137. [PMID: 36744279 PMCID: PMC9890583 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00437f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes used as sensitisers in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSCs) are conventionally constructed using a push-pull strategy with electron-releasing and electron-withdrawing (anchoring) ligands. In a new paradigm we have designed new DπA ligands incorporating diarylaminophenyl donor substituents and phosphonic acid anchoring groups. These new ligands function as organic dyes. For two separate classes of DπA ligands with 2,2'-bipyridine metal-binding domains, the DSCs containing the copper(i) complexes [Cu(DπA)2]+ perform better than the push-pull analogues [Cu(DD)(AA)]+. Furthermore, we have shown for the first time that the complexes [Cu(DπA)2]+ perform better than the organic DπA dye in DSCs. The synthetic studies and the device performances are rationalised with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Risi
- Department of Chemistry, University of BaselBPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a4058 BaselSwitzerland
| | - Mike Devereux
- Department of Chemistry, University of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 80CH-4056 BaselSwitzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of BaselBPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a4058 BaselSwitzerland
| | - Catherine E. Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of BaselBPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a4058 BaselSwitzerland
| | - Edwin C. Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of BaselBPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a4058 BaselSwitzerland
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22
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Kociscakova L, Rando C, Kozlikova M, Machacek M, Novakova V, Šindelář V, Zimcik P. Monomerization of Phthalocyanines in Water via Their Supramolecular Interactions with Cucurbiturils. J Org Chem 2023; 88:988-1002. [PMID: 36603212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of phthalocyanines (Pcs) represents a problematic feature that decreases the potential of these macrocycles in a number of applications. In this work, we present a supramolecular approach based on the interaction of aminoadamantyl-substituted Pcs with bulky and hydrophilic cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) to increase the levels of Pc monomers in water. A series of zinc(II) Pcs substituted at positions α or β by an aminoadamantyl substituent (with a different level of alkylation of nitrogen) were prepared from the corresponding phthalonitriles. A 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interaction of phthalonitriles with CB[7] in water confirmed the formation of an inclusion complex with an aminoadamantyl moiety with Ka values of ∼1012 M-1. The interaction of CB[7] with Pcs in water substantially weakened H-type aggregation and improved both fluorescence and singlet oxygen production, confirming that this approach is efficient for the monomerization of Pcs. In vitro evaluation of the photodynamic activity of prepared Pcs led to EC50 values in the submicromolar range on HeLa and SK-MEL-28 cells. However, the activity decreased for at least an order of magnitude after host-guest interaction with CB[7] despite better photophysical properties. This was attributed to a much lower uptake by cells due to the very bulky and hydrophilic character of the Pc-CB[7] assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Kociscakova
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove50005, Czech Republic
| | - Carola Rando
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00Brno, Czech Republic.,RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Kozlikova
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove50005, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Machacek
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove50005, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novakova
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove50005, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Šindelář
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00Brno, Czech Republic.,RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove50005, Czech Republic
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23
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Erdağ Maden Y, Gümrükçü Köse G, Keser Karaoğlan G, Koca A. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterizations of phthalocyanines bearing peripherally tetra-4- carboxyethylenephenoxy anchoring groups and usage as photosensitizers of dye-sensitized solar cell. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Yabaş E, Biçer E, Durukan MB, Keskin D, Unalan HE. Double‐decker lutetium and europium phthalocyanine composites with reduced graphene oxide as supercapacitor electrode materials. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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Duan X, Zhang N, Li Z, Zhang L, Sun F, Zhou Z, Liu H, Guo Y, Sun X, Jiang J, Zhang D. Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescent Aptasensor for Trace Detection of Kanamycin based-on Novel Semi-sandwich Gadolinium Phthalocyanine Complex and Dysprosium Metal-Organic Framework. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 632:171-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Guan G, Wu J, Huang J, Qian X. Polynary metal selenide CoSe2/NiSe2/MoSe2 porous nanospheres as efficient electrocatalytic materials for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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27
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Mpeta LS, Nyokong T. Phthalocyanine based fabricated exfoliated graphite photoanode for electrodegradation of 4-acetamidophenol under visible light irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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28
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Langerreiter D, Kostiainen MA, Kaabel S, Anaya‐Plaza E. A Greener Route to Blue: Solid-State Synthesis of Phthalocyanines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209033. [PMID: 35876617 PMCID: PMC9804881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines are important organic dyes with a broad applicability in optoelectronics, catalysis, sensing and nanomedicine. Currently, phthalocyanines are synthetized in high boiling organic solvents, like dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), which is a flammable, corrosive, and bioactive substance, miscible with water and harmful to the environment. Here we show a new solid-state approach for the high-yielding synthesis of phthalocyanines, which reduces up to 100-fold the amount of DMAE. Through systematic screening of solid-state reaction parameters, carried out by ball-milling and aging, we reveal the influence of key variables-temperature, presence of a template, and the amount and role of DMAE in the conversion of tBu phthalonitrile to tetra-tBu phthalocyanine. These results set the foundations to synthesize these high-performance dyes through a greener approach, opening the field of solid-state synthesis to a wider family of phthalocyanines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Kaabel
- Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto University02150EspooFinland
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29
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Kumar A, Zhang G, Liu W, Sun X. Electrocatalysis and activity descriptors with metal phthalocyanines for energy conversion reactions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Zvyagina AI. Controlled Self-Assembly of Low-Dimensional Supramolecular Systems Based on Double-Decker Lanthanide Phthalocyaninates. COLLOID JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22700090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Possessing unique physicochemical properties, phthalocyanines are widely used as active components of supramolecular ensembles and nanomaterials. The functional properties of phthalocyanine-based materials are governed by not only the structure of their discotic molecules, but also the character of their intermolecular interactions, which determine both the self-assembly mechanism and the structure of such systems. This review discusses the experimental approaches, which are based on the notions of colloid and coordination chemistry that enable one to control intermolecular interactions in low-dimensional supramolecular ensembles based on phthalocyanines and metallocomplexes thereof. Using double-decker crown-substituted lanthanide phthalocyaninates as an example, it is shown how one- and two-dimensional nanomaterials with different properties can be obtained from the same type of building blocks employing a set of colloid-chemical methods. Such materials are, in particular, capable for controlled absorption of visible light in ultrathin films and can be employed as conducting one-dimensional components of planar elements for organic electronics.
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31
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Khan SU, Trashin S, Beltran V, Korostei YS, Pelmus M, Gorun SM, Dubinina TV, Verbruggen SW, De Wael K. Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Phthalocyanine-Sensitized TiO 2 in the Presence of Electron-Shuttling Mediators. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12723-12731. [PMID: 36094164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized TiO2 has found many applications for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), solar-to-chemical energy conversion, water/air purification systems, and (electro)chemical sensors. We report an electrochemical system for testing dye-sensitized materials that can be utilized in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors and energy conversion. Unlike related systems, the reported system does not require a direct electron transfer from semiconductors to electrodes. Rather, it relies on electron shuttling by redox mediators. A range of model photocatalytic materials were prepared using three different TiO2 materials (P25, P90, and PC500) and three sterically hindered phthalocyanines (Pcs) with electron-rich tert-butyl substituents (t-Bu4PcZn, t-Bu4PcAlCl, and t-Bu4PcH2). The materials were compared with previously developed TiO2 modified by electron-deficient, also sterically hindered fluorinated phthalocyanine F64PcZn, a singlet oxygen (1O2) producer, as well as its metal-free derivative, F64PcH2. The PEC activity depended on the redox mediator, as well as the type of TiO2 and Pc. By comparing the responses of one-electron shuttles, such as K4Fe(CN)4, and 1O2-reactive electron shuttles, such as phenol, it is possible to reveal the action mechanism of the supported photosensitizers, while the overall activity can be assessed using hydroquinone. t-Bu4PcAlCl showed significantly lower blank responses and higher specific responses toward chlorophenols compared to t-Bu4PcZn due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the Al3+ metal center. The combination of reactivity insights and the need for only microgram amounts of sensing materials renders the reported system advantageous for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ullah Khan
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,DuEL Research Group, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Stanislav Trashin
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Victoria Beltran
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Yuliya S Korostei
- Institiute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Science, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 14243, Russian Federation
| | - Marius Pelmus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
| | - Sergiu M Gorun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for Functional Materials, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States
| | - Tatiana V Dubinina
- Institiute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Science, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 14243, Russian Federation.,Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sammy W Verbruggen
- NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,DuEL Research Group, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium.,NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
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32
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Halaskova M, Kostelansky F, Demuth J, Hlbocanova I, Miletin M, Zimcik P, Machacek M, Novakova V. Amphiphilic Cationic Phthalocyanines for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200133. [PMID: 35880676 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Effective interaction with biomembranes is essential for activity of photosensitizers; however, majority of them are highly charged symmetrical species. Amphiphilic cationic phthalocyanines differing in bulkiness of substitution on lipophilic part (-H, -SMe, -StBu) were therefore prepared. Compounds had high singlet oxygen production (ΦΔ =0.38-0.46, DMSO), good fluorescence emission (ΦF =0.21-0.26, DMSO), and log P values ranging -0.07-1.1 (1-octanol/PBS). Study of interaction with liposomes revealed that also bulky -StBu derivatives are able to enter biomembranes. Detail in vitro studies (toxicity, subcellular localization, type of cell death, and morphology) were performed. Compounds were characterized by excellent EC50 values in range of dozens of nM (HeLa, EA.hy926, MCF-7, HCT116), which were dependent on drug-light interval and reached plateau after 4 h on HeLa cells. Well-balanced lipophilicity with ability to interact with biomembranes rank these derivatives among perspective photosensitizers, even for vascular-targeted PDT (VTP) since they kill EA.hy926 without any preincubation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Halaskova
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kostelansky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Demuth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid Hlbocanova
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Miletin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Machacek
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novakova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
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33
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Langerreiter D, Kostiainen MA, Kaabel S, Anaya-Plaza E. A Greener Route to Blue: Solid‐State Synthesis of Phthalocyanines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Synthesis, characterization, chemical and biological activities of 4-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-5- benzyl-2-hydroxy-2H-1,2,4-triazole-3(4H)-one phthalocyanine derivatives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Nikoloudakis E, López-Duarte I, Charalambidis G, Ladomenou K, Ince M, Coutsolelos AG. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines as biomimetic tools for photocatalytic H 2 production and CO 2 reduction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6965-7045. [PMID: 35686606 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing energy demand and environmental issues caused by the over-exploitation of fossil fuels render the need for renewable, clean, and environmentally benign energy sources unquestionably urgent. The zero-emission energy carrier, H2 is an ideal alternative to carbon-based fuels especially when it is generated photocatalytically from water. Additionally, the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into chemical fuels can reduce the CO2 emissions and have a positive environmental and economic impact. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, plenty of artificial photocatalytic schemes based on porphyrinoids have been investigated. This review covers the recent advances in photocatalytic H2 production and CO2 reduction systems containing porphyrin or phthalocyanine derivatives. The unique properties of porphyrinoids enable their utilization both as chromophores and as catalysts. The homogeneous photocatalytic systems are initially described, presenting the various approaches for the improvement of photosensitizing activity and the enhancement of catalytic performance at the molecular level. On the other hand, for the development of the heterogeneous systems, numerous methods were employed such as self-assembled supramolecular porphyrinoid nanostructures, construction of organic frameworks, combination with 2D materials and adsorption onto semiconductors. The dye sensitization on semiconductors opened the way for molecular-based dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) devices based on porphyrins and phthalocyanines. The research in photocatalytic systems as discussed herein remains challenging since there are still many limitations making them unfeasible to be used at a large scale application before finding a large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Nikoloudakis
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Ismael López-Duarte
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Kalliopi Ladomenou
- International Hellenic University, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Agios Loucas, 65404, Kavala Campus, Greece.
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Athanassios G Coutsolelos
- University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. .,Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL) Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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36
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Scanning prevalent technologies to promote scalable devising of DSSCs: An emphasis on dye component precisely with a shift to ambient algal dyes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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37
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Moiseeva EO, Kosov AD, Borisova NE, Tarasevich BN, Dubinina TV, Tomilova LG. Tetraiodophthalocyanines: Simple and convenient synthetic protocol and structural modification via Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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38
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Vargas-Zúñiga GI, Boreen MA, Mangel DN, Arnold J, Sessler JL. Porphyrinoid actinide complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3735-3758. [PMID: 35451437 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The diverse coordination modes and electronic features of actinide complexes of porphyrins and related oligopyrrolic systems (referred to as "porpyrinoids") have been the subject of interest since the 1960s. Given their stability and accessibility, most work with actinides has focused on thorium and uranium. This trend is also seen in the case of porphyrinoid-based complexation studies. Nevertheless, the diversity of ligand environments provided by porphyrinoids has led to the stabilization of a number of unique complexes with the early actinides that are often without structural parallel within the broader coordination chemical lexicon. This review summarizes key examples of prophyrinoid actinide complexes reported to date, including the limited number of porphyrinoid systems involving transuranic elements. The emphasis will be on synthesis and structure; however, the electronic features and reactivity pattern of representative systems will be detailed as well. Coverage is through December of 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela I Vargas-Zúñiga
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Michael A Boreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Daniel N Mangel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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Burtsev ID, Egorov AE, Kostyukov AA, Shibaeva AV, Klimovich MA, Kosov AD, Seliverstov MY, Dubinina TV, Markova AA, Kuzmin VA. Photochemical Properties of Octaphenyl-Substituted Erbium Phthalocyanine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793122010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Botnar AA, Znoiko SA, Domareva NP, Kazaryan KY, Tikhomirova TV, Gornukhina OV, Koshel SG, Vashurin AS. Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Magnesium Complexes with Phenoxy-Substituted Phthalocyanine Ligands. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Ordered Patterns of Copper Phthalocyanine Nanoflowers Grown Around Fe Islands on Au(111). J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Dudkin SV, Chuprin AS, Belova SA, Vologzhanina AV, Zubavichus YV, Kaletina PM, Shundrina IK, Bagryanskaya EG, Voloshin YZ. Hybrid iron(II) phthalocyaninatoclathrochelates with a terminal reactive vinyl group and their organo-inorganic polymeric derivatives: synthetic approaches, X-ray structures and copolymerization with styrene. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5645-5659. [PMID: 35322826 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04187h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid metallo(IV)phthalocyaninate-capped tris-dioximate iron(II) complexes (termed as "phthalocyaninatoclathrochelates") with non-equivalent apical fragments and functionalized with one terminal reactive vinyl group were prepared for the first time using three different synthetic approaches: (i) transmetallation (capping group exchange) of the appropriate labile boron,antimony-capped cage precursors, (ii) capping of the initially isolated reactive semiclathrochelate intermediate, and (iii) direct one-pot template condensation of their ligand synthons on the iron(II) ion as a matrix. The obtained polytopic cage complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, 1H NMR, MALDI-TOF MS and UV-vis spectra, and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. One of the obtained vinyl-terminated iron(II) phthalocyaninatoclathrochelates and its semiclathrochelate precursor were tested as monomers in a copolymerization reaction with styrene as the main component. These vinyl-terminated (semi)clathrochelate iron(II) complexes were found to be successfully copolymerized with this industrially important monomer, affording the intensely colored copolymer products. Because of a low solubility of the tested zirconium(IV) phthalocyaninate-capped tris-nioximate monomer in styrene as a solvent, a molar ratio of 1 : 500 was used. The obtained copolymer products and the kinetics of their formation were studied using GPC, FTIR, UV-vis, TGA and DSC methods. Even at such a low concentration of the Fe,Zr-binuclear metallocomplex component, an increase in the rate of the UV-light degradation of the organo-inorganic products, as well as in their thermal stability, was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semyon V Dudkin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander S Chuprin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Svetlana A Belova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Anna V Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yan V Zubavichus
- Synchrotron Radiation Facility SKIF, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Nikolskii pr., 6305590 Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Polina M Kaletina
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna K Shundrina
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena G Bagryanskaya
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentiev pr., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yan Z Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st., 119991 Moscow, Russia. .,Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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43
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Ali SS, Al-Tohamy R, Mohamed TM, Mahmoud YAG, Ruiz HA, Sun L, Sun J. Could termites be hiding a goldmine of obscure yet promising yeasts for energy crisis solutions based on aromatic wastes? A critical state-of-the-art review. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:35. [PMID: 35379342 PMCID: PMC8981686 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be produced from a range of organic and renewable feedstock including fresh or vegetable oils, animal fats, and oilseed plants. In recent years, the lignin-based aromatic wastes, such as various aromatic waste polymers from agriculture, or organic dye wastewater from textile industry, have attracted much attention in academia, which can be uniquely selected as a potential renewable feedstock for biodiesel product converted by yeast cell factory technology. This current investigation indicated that the highest percentage of lipid accumulation can be achieved as high as 47.25% by an oleaginous yeast strain, Meyerozyma caribbica SSA1654, isolated from a wood-feeding termite gut system, where its synthetic oil conversion ability can reach up to 0.08 (g/l/h) and the fatty acid composition in yeast cells represents over 95% of total fatty acids that are similar to that of vegetable oils. Clearly, the use of oleaginous yeasts, isolated from wood-feeding termites, for synthesizing lipids from aromatics is a clean, efficient, and competitive path to achieve "a sustainable development" towards biodiesel production. However, the lacking of potent oleaginous yeasts to transform lipids from various aromatics, and an unknown metabolic regulation mechanism presented in the natural oleaginous yeast cells are the fundamental challenge we have to face for a potential cell factory development. Under this scope, this review has proposed a novel concept and approach strategy in utilization of oleaginous yeasts as the cell factory to convert aromatic wastes to lipids as the substrate for biodiesel transformation. Therefore, screening robust oleaginous yeast strain(s) from wood-feeding termite gut system with a set of the desirable specific tolerance characteristics is essential. In addition, to reconstruct a desirable metabolic pathway/network to maximize the lipid transformation and accumulation rate from the aromatic wastes with the applications of various "omics" technologies or a synthetic biology approach, where the work agenda will also include to analyze the genome characteristics, to develop a new base mutation gene editing technology, as well as to clarify the influence of the insertion position of aromatic compounds and other biosynthetic pathways in the industrial chassis genome on the expressional level and genome stability. With these unique designs running with a set of the advanced biotech approaches, a novel metabolic pathway using robust oleaginous yeast developed as a cell factory concept can be potentially constructed, integrated and optimized, suggesting that the hypothesis we proposed in utilizing aromatic wastes as a feedstock towards biodiesel product is technically promising and potentially applicable in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S. Ali
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Rania Al-Tohamy
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Tarek M. Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | | | - Héctor A. Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila Mexico
| | - Lushan Sun
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Biofuels Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
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Borges-Martínez M, Montenegro-Pohlhammer N, Zhang X, Galvez-Aranda DE, Ponce V, Seminario JM, Cárdenas-Jirón G. Fullerene binding effects in Al(III)/Zn(II) Porphyrin/Phthalocyanine photophysical properties and charge transport. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 269:120740. [PMID: 34968837 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluate the fullerene C60 binding effect; through the metal (Al) and through the ligand (Pc,TPP), on the photophysical and charge transport properties of M-porphyrin(TPP)/phthalocyanine(Pc) (M = Al(III), Zn(II)). We perform density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations for the macrocycle-C60 dyads, showing that all systems studied are thermodynamically favorable. The C60 binding effect on the absorption spectrum is a red-shift of the Q and Soret (B) bands of TPPs and Pcs. The Pc-dyads show longer λ for Q bands (673 nm) than those with TPP (568 nm). AlTPP-C60 and ZnTPP-C60 show a more favorable electron injection to TiO2 than the analogs Pcs, and the regeneration of the dye is preferred in AlTPP-C60 and AlPc-C60. Zero-bias conductance is computed (10-4-10-7 G0) for the dyads using molecular junctions with Au(111)-based electrodes. When a bias voltage of around 0.6 V up to 1 V is applied, an increase in current is obtained for AlTPP-C60 (10-7 A), ZnTPP-C60 (10-7 A), and AlPc-C60 (10-8 A). Although there is not a unique trend in the behavior of the dyads, Pcs have better photophysical properties than TPPs and the latter are better in the charge transport. We conclude that AlTPP(ZnTPP)-C60 dyads are an excellent alternative for designing new materials for dye-sensitized solar cells or optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlys Borges-Martínez
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Nicolás Montenegro-Pohlhammer
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Xiance Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Diego E Galvez-Aranda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Victor Ponce
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Jorge M Seminario
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.
| | - Gloria Cárdenas-Jirón
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago, Chile.
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Platzer B, Berionni Berna B, Bischetti M, Cicero DO, Paolesse R, Nardis S, Torres T, Guldi DM. Exploring the Association of Electron‐Donating Corroles with Phthalocyanines as Electron Acceptors. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103891. [PMID: 35084748 PMCID: PMC9306480 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electron‐donating corroles (Cor) were integrated with electron‐accepting phthalocyanines (Pc) to afford two different non‐covalent Cor ⋅ Pc systems. At the forefront was the coordination between a 10‐meso‐pyridine Cor and a ZnPc. The complexation was corroborated in a combination of NMR, absorption, and fluorescence assays, and revealed association with binding constants as high as 106
m−1. Steady‐state and time‐resolved spectroscopies evidenced that regardless of exciting Cor or Pc, the charge‐separated state evolved efficiently in both cases, followed by a slow charge‐recombination to reinstate the ground state. The introduction of non‐covalent linkages between Cor and Pc induces sizeable differences in the context of light harvesting and transfer of charges when compared with covalently linked Cor‐Pc conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Platzer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Beatrice Berionni Berna
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Martina Bischetti
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Daniel O. Cicero
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Paolesse
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Sara Nardis
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Hildebrand M, Holst D, Bender T, Kronik L. Electronic Structure, Bonding, and Stability of Boron Subphthalocyanine Halides and Pseudohalides. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Hildebrand
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth 7610000 Israel
| | - Devon Holst
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Timothy Bender
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto 200 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth 7610000 Israel
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47
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Housecroft CE, Constable EC. Solar energy conversion using first row d-block metal coordination compound sensitizers and redox mediators. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1225-1262. [PMID: 35222908 PMCID: PMC8809415 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06828h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of renewable energy is essential for the future of the Earth, and solar photons are the ultimate source of energy to satisfy the ever-increasing global energy demands. Photoconversion using dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) is becoming an established technology to contribute to the sustainable energy market, and among state-of-the art DSCs are those which rely on ruthenium(ii) sensitizers and the triiodide/iodide (I3 -/I-) redox mediator. Ruthenium is a critical raw material, and in this review, we focus on the use of coordination complexes of the more abundant first row d-block metals, in particular copper, iron and zinc, as dyes in DSCs. A major challenge in these DSCs is an enhancement of their photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) which currently lag significantly behind those containing ruthenium-based dyes. The redox mediator in a DSC is responsible for regenerating the ground state of the dye. Although the I3 -/I- couple has become an established redox shuttle, it has disadvantages: its redox potential limits the values of the open-circuit voltage (V OC) in the DSC and its use creates a corrosive chemical environment within the DSC which impacts upon the long-term stability of the cells. First row d-block metal coordination compounds, especially those containing cobalt, and copper, have come to the fore in the development of alternative redox mediators and we detail the progress in this field over the last decade, with particular attention to Cu2+/Cu+ redox mediators which, when coupled with appropriate dyes, have achieved V OC values in excess of 1000 mV. We also draw attention to aspects of the recyclability of DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058 Basel Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 4058 Basel Switzerland
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Electrochemically Deposited Zinc (Tetraamino)phthalocyanine as a Light-activated Antimicrobial Coating Effective against S. aureus. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030975. [PMID: 35160921 PMCID: PMC8838431 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-activated antimicrobial coatings are currently considered to be a promising approach for the prevention of nosocomial infections. In this work, we present a straightforward strategy for the deposition of a photoactive biocidal organic layer of zinc (tetraamino)phthalocyanine (ZnPcNH2) in an electrochemical oxidative process. The chemical structure and morphology of the resulting layer are widely characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, while its ability to photogenerate reactive oxygen species (ROS) is investigated in situ by UV–Vis spectroscopy with α-terpinene or 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran as a chemical trap. It is shown that the ZnPcNH2 photosensitizer retained its photoactivity after immobilization, and that the reported light-activated coating exhibits promising antimicrobial properties towards Staphyloccocus aureus (S. aureus).
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49
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Ferrocenyl‐2‐pyridylimine derived d
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‐configuration complexes as prospective co‐sensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Low-Symmetry Phthalocyanines Bearing Carboxy-Groups: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Quantum-Chemical Characterization. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020524. [PMID: 35056834 PMCID: PMC8781019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of A3B-type phthalocyanines, ZnPc1–4, bearing bulky 2,6-diisopropylphenoxy-groups or chlorine atoms on isoindoline units “A” and either one or two carboxylic anchors on isoindoline unit “B” are reported. A comparison of molecular modelling with the conventional time dependent—density functional theory (TD-DFT) approach and its simplified sTD-DFT approximation provides further evidence that the latter method accurately reproduces the key trends in the spectral properties, providing colossal savings in computer time for quite large molecules. This demonstrates that it is a valuable tool for guiding the rational design of new phthalocyanines for practical applications.
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