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Crowley J, Hilpert C, Monticelli L. Predicting lipid sorting in curved membranes. Methods Enzymol 2024; 701:287-307. [PMID: 39025574 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Most biological membranes are curved, and both lipids and proteins play a role in generating curvature. For any given membrane shape and composition, it is not trivial to determine whether lipids are laterally distributed in a homogeneous or inhomogeneous way, and whether the inter-leaflet distribution is symmetric or not. Here we present a simple computational tool that allows to predict the preference of any lipid type for membranes with positive vs. negative curvature, for any given value of curvature. The tool is based on molecular dynamics simulations of tubular membranes with hydrophilic pores. The pores allow spontaneous, barrierless flip-flop of most lipids, while also preventing differences in pressure between the inner and outer water compartments and minimizing membrane asymmetric stresses. Specifically, we provide scripts to build and analyze the simulations. We test the tool by performing simulations on simple binary lipid mixtures, and we show that, as expected, lipids with negative intrinsic curvature distribute to the tubule inner leaflet, the more so when the radius of the tubular membrane is small. Compared to other existing computational methods, relying on membrane buckles and tethers, our method is based on spontaneous inter-leaflet transport of lipids, and therefore allows to explore lipid distribution in asymmetric membranes. The method can easily be adapted to work with any molecular dynamics code and any force field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Crowley
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS & University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Hilpert
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS & University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Luca Monticelli
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS & University of Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lyon, France.
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2
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Kang C, Fujioka K, Sun R. Atomistic Insight into the Lipid Nanodomains of Synaptic Vesicles. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2707-2716. [PMID: 38325816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Membrane curvature, once regarded as a passive consequence of membrane composition and cellular architecture, has been shown to actively modulate various properties of the cellular membrane. These changes could also lead to segregation of the constituents of the membrane, generating nanodomains with precise biological properties. Proteins often linked with neurodegeneration (e.g., tau, alpha-synuclein) exhibit an unintuitive affinity for synaptic vesicles in neurons, which are reported to lack distinct, ordered nanodomains based on their composition. In this study, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations are used to study a full-scale synaptic vesicle of realistic Gaussian curvature and its effect on the membrane dynamics and lipid nanodomain organization. Compelling indicators of nanodomain formation, from the perspective of composition, surface areas per lipid, order parameter, and domain lifetime, are identified in the vesicle membrane, which are absent in a flat bilayer of the same lipid composition. Therefore, our study supports the idea that curvature may induce phase separation in an otherwise fluid, disordered membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hawai'i, Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Kazuumi Fujioka
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hawai'i, Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hawai'i, Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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3
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Xiao K, Ma R, Wu CX. Wrapping dynamics and critical conditions for active nonspherical nanoparticle uptake. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:054401. [PMID: 37329073 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.054401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The cellular uptake of self-propelled nonspherical nanoparticles (NPs) or viruses by cell membrane is crucial in many biological processes, but its universal dynamics have yet to be elucidated. In this study, using the Onsager variational principle, we obtain a general wrapping equation for nonspherical self-propelled nanoparticles. Two analytical critical conditions are theoretically found, indicating a continuous full uptake for prolate particles and a snapthrough full uptake for oblate particles. They precisely capture the full uptake critical boundaries in the phase diagrams numerically constructed in terms of active force, aspect ratio, adhesion energy density, and membrane tension. It is found that enhancing activity (active force), reducing effective dynamic viscosity, increasing adhesion energy density, and decreasing membrane tension can significantly improve the wrapping efficiency of the self-propelled nonspherical nanoparticles. These results give a panoramic view of the uptake dynamics of active nonspherical nanoparticles, and may offer instructions for designing an effective active NP-based vehicle for controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325016, People's Republic of China and Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xu Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The formation of membrane vesicles is a common feature in all eukaryotes. Lipid rafts are the best-studied example of membrane domains for both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and their existence also is suggested in Archaea membranes. Lipid rafts are involved in the formation of transport vesicles, endocytic vesicles, exocytic vesicles, synaptic vesicles and extracellular vesicles, as well as enveloped viruses. Two mechanisms of how rafts are involved in vesicle formation have been proposed: first, that raft proteins and/or lipids located in lipid rafts associate with coat proteins that form a budding vesicle, and second, vesicle budding is triggered by enzymatic generation of cone-shaped ceramides and inverted cone-shaped lyso-phospholipids. In both cases, induction of curvature is also facilitated by the relaxation of tension in the raft domain. In this Review, we discuss the role of raft-derived vesicles in several intracellular trafficking pathways. We also highlight their role in different pathways of endocytosis, and in the formation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) through budding inwards from the multivesicular body (MVB) membrane, because rafts inside MVB membranes are likely to be involved in loading RNA into ILVs. Finally, we discuss the association of glycoproteins with rafts via the glycocalyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Sapoń
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Rafał Mańka
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Teresa Janas
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Janas
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka 6, 45-032 Opole, Poland
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5
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Xiao K, Ma R, Wu CX. Force-induced wrapping phase transition in activated cellular uptake. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:044411. [PMID: 36397463 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.044411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens, including all viruses and many bacteria, enter a host cell through either passive endocytosis or active self-propulsion. Though the cellular uptake of passive particles via endocytic process has been studied extensively, little work has been done on the active entry of self-propelled pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes. Here, we present a theoretical model to investigate the adhesive wrapping of a self-propelled particle by a plasma membrane, and find a type of first-order wrapping transition from a small partial wrapping state to a large partial wrapping state triggered by the active force. The phase diagram displays more complex behaviors compared with the passive wrapping mediated merely by adhesion. We also find that a tubular protrusion can be formed if the active force exceeds a force barrier. These results may provide a useful guidance to the study of activity-driven cellular entry of active particles into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325016, People's Republic of China and Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xu Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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Huang Y, Liang J, Hu W, Liang Y, Xiao X, Zhao W, Zhong X, Yang Y, Pan X, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Cai Y. Integration Profiling Between Plasma Lipidomics, Epstein–Barr Virus and Clinical Phenomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919496. [PMID: 35847074 PMCID: PMC9281874 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma lipidomics has been commonly used for biomarker discovery. Studies in cancer have suggested a significant alteration of circulating metabolite profiles which is correlated with cancer characteristics and treatment outcome. However, the lipidomics characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have rarely been studied. We previously described the phenomenon of lipid droplet accumulation in NPC cells and showed that such accumulation could be regulated by latent infection of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Here, we compared the plasma lipidome of NPC patients to that of healthy controls by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). We found 19 lipids (e.g., phosphatidylinositols 18:0/20:4 and 18:0/18:2 and free fatty acid 22:6) to be remarkably decreased, whereas 2 lipids (i.e., diacylglycerols 16:0/16:1 and 16:0/20:3) to be increased, in the plasma of NPC patients, compared with controls. Different lipid profiles were also observed between patients with different titers of EBV antibodies (e.g., EA-IgA and VCA-IgA) as well as between patients with and without lymph node or distant organ metastasis. In conclusion, plasma lipidomics might help to differentiate NPC cases from controls, whereas EBV infection might influence the risk and prognosis of NPC through modulating lipid metabolism in both tumor cells and peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinfeng Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-refinery, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Yushan Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Weilin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuemin Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinli Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Zhe Zhang,
| | - Yonglin Cai
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
- Yonglin Cai,
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Abstract
Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a potent health marker, the improvement of which is associated with a reduced incidence of non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Identifying metabolic signatures associated with CRF could reveal how CRF fosters human health and lead to the development of novel health-monitoring strategies. Objective This article systematically reviewed reported associations between CRF and metabolites measured in human tissues and body fluids. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to 3 June, 2021. Metabolomics studies reporting metabolites associated with CRF, measured by means of cardiopulmonary exercise test, were deemed eligible. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement the results of database searching. Risk of bias at the study level was assessed using QUADOMICS. Results Twenty-two studies were included and 667 metabolites, measured in plasma (n = 619), serum (n = 18), skeletal muscle (n = 16), urine (n = 11), or sweat (n = 3), were identified. Lipids were the metabolites most commonly positively (n = 174) and negatively (n = 274) associated with CRF. Specific circulating glycerophospholipids (n = 85) and cholesterol esters (n = 17) were positively associated with CRF, while circulating glycerolipids (n = 152), glycerophospholipids (n = 42), acylcarnitines (n = 14), and ceramides (n = 12) were negatively associated with CRF. Interestingly, muscle acylcarnitines were positively correlated with CRF (n = 15). Conclusions Cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with circulating and muscle lipidome composition. Causality of the revealed associations at the molecular species level remains to be investigated further. Finally, included studies were heterogeneous in terms of participants’ characteristics and analytical and statistical approaches. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020214375. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-021-01590-y.
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Gomez RE, Lupette J, Chambaud C, Castets J, Ducloy A, Cacas JL, Masclaux-Daubresse C, Bernard A. How Lipids Contribute to Autophagosome Biogenesis, a Critical Process in Plant Responses to Stresses. Cells 2021; 10:1272. [PMID: 34063958 PMCID: PMC8224036 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout their life cycle, plants face a tremendous number of environmental and developmental stresses. To respond to these different constraints, they have developed a set of refined intracellular systems including autophagy. This pathway, highly conserved among eukaryotes, is induced by a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses upon which it mediates the degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic material. Central to autophagy is the formation of highly specialized double membrane vesicles called autophagosomes which select, engulf, and traffic cargo to the lytic vacuole for degradation. The biogenesis of these structures requires a series of membrane remodeling events during which both the quantity and quality of lipids are critical to sustain autophagy activity. This review highlights our knowledge, and raises current questions, regarding the mechanism of autophagy, and its induction and regulation upon environmental stresses with a particular focus on the fundamental contribution of lipids. How autophagy regulates metabolism and the recycling of resources, including lipids, to promote plant acclimation and resistance to stresses is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Enrique Gomez
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Clément Chambaud
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Julie Castets
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Amélie Ducloy
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Jean-Luc Cacas
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Amélie Bernard
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
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Dreher Y, Jahnke K, Bobkova E, Spatz JP, Göpfrich K. Division and Regrowth of Phase‐Separated Giant Unilamellar Vesicles**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Dreher
- Biophysical Engineering Group Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Kevin Jahnke
- Biophysical Engineering Group Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elizaveta Bobkova
- Biophysical Engineering Group Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Joachim P. Spatz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering (IMSE) Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Max Planck School Matter to Life Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Kerstin Göpfrich
- Biophysical Engineering Group Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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Carrard J, Gallart-Ayala H, Infanger D, Teav T, Wagner J, Knaier R, Colledge F, Streese L, Königstein K, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H, Ivanisevic J, Schmidt-Trucksäss A. Metabolic View on Human Healthspan: A Lipidome-Wide Association Study. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050287. [PMID: 33946321 PMCID: PMC8146132 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As ageing is a major risk factor for the development of non-communicable diseases, extending healthspan has become a medical and societal necessity. Precise lipid phenotyping that captures metabolic individuality could support healthspan extension strategies. This study applied ‘omic-scale lipid profiling to characterise sex-specific age-related differences in the serum lipidome composition of healthy humans. A subset of the COmPLETE-Health study, composed of 73 young (25.2 ± 2.6 years, 43% female) and 77 aged (73.5 ± 2.3 years, 48% female) clinically healthy individuals, was investigated, using an untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry approach. Compared to their younger counterparts, aged females and males exhibited significant higher levels in 138 and 107 lipid species representing 15 and 13 distinct subclasses, respectively. Percentage of difference ranged from 5.8% to 61.7% (females) and from 5.3% to 46.0% (males), with sphingolipid and glycerophophospholipid species displaying the greatest amplitudes. Remarkably, specific sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid species, previously described as cardiometabolically favourable, were found elevated in aged individuals. Furthermore, specific ether-glycerophospholipid and lyso-glycerophosphocholine species displayed higher levels in aged females only, revealing a more favourable lipidome evolution in females. Altogether, age determined the circulating lipidome composition, while lipid species analysis revealed additional findings that were not observed at the subclass level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Carrard
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
| | - Denis Infanger
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
| | - Jonathan Wagner
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Raphael Knaier
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Flora Colledge
- Division of Sports Science, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Lukas Streese
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Karsten Königstein
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.I.); (A.S.-T.)
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.I.); (A.S.-T.)
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Gupta P, Taiyab A, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Islam A, Hassan MI. Targeting the Sphingosine Kinase/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Axis in Drug Discovery for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1898. [PMID: 33920887 PMCID: PMC8071327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged as critical players in the regulation of various physiological processes. Ceramide and sphingosine induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis, whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes cell proliferation and survival. Here, we present an overview of sphingolipid metabolism and the compartmentalization of various sphingolipid metabolites. In addition, the sphingolipid rheostat, a fine metabolic balance between ceramide and S1P, is discussed. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) catalyzes the synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and modulates several cellular processes and is found to be essentially involved in various pathophysiological conditions. The regulation and biological functions of SphK isoforms are discussed. The functions of S1P, along with its receptors, are further highlighted. The up-regulation of SphK is observed in various cancer types and is also linked to radio- and chemoresistance and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Implications of the SphK/S1P signaling axis in human pathologies and its inhibition are discussed in detail. Overall, this review highlights current findings on the SphK/S1P signaling axis from multiple angles, including their functional role, mechanism of activation, involvement in various human malignancies, and inhibitor molecules that may be used in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aaliya Taiyab
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
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12
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Dreher Y, Jahnke K, Bobkova E, Spatz JP, Göpfrich K. Division and Regrowth of Phase-Separated Giant Unilamellar Vesicles*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10661-10669. [PMID: 33355974 PMCID: PMC8252472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Success in the bottom‐up assembly of synthetic cells will depend on strategies for the division of protocellular compartments. Here, we describe the controlled division of phase‐separated giant unilamellar lipid vesicles (GUVs). We derive an analytical model based on the vesicle geometry, which makes four quantitative predictions that we verify experimentally. We find that the osmolarity ratio required for division is 2
, independent of the GUV size, while asymmetric division happens at lower osmolarity ratios. Remarkably, we show that a suitable osmolarity change can be triggered by water evaporation, enzymatic decomposition of sucrose or light‐triggered uncaging of CMNB‐fluorescein. The latter provides full spatiotemporal control, such that a target GUV undergoes division whereas the surrounding GUVs remain unaffected. Finally, we grow phase‐separated vesicles from single‐phased vesicles by targeted fusion of the opposite lipid type with programmable DNA tags to enable subsequent division cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Dreher
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Jahnke
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizaveta Bobkova
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim P Spatz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering (IMSE), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Göpfrich
- Biophysical Engineering Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Mei Y, Liu Y, Ji P. Understanding terminal erythropoiesis: An update on chromatin condensation, enucleation, and reticulocyte maturation. Blood Rev 2021; 46:100740. [PMID: 32798012 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of terminal erythropoiesis in mammals is extrusion of the highly condensed nucleus out of the cytoplasm. Other vertebrates, including fish, reptiles, amphibians, and birds, undergo nuclear condensation but do not enucleate. Enucleation provides mammals evolutionary advantages by gaining extra space for hemoglobin and being more flexible to migrate through capillaries. Nascent reticulocytes further mature into red blood cells through membrane and proteome remodeling and organelle clearance. Over the past decade, novel molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways have been uncovered that play important roles in chromatin condensation, enucleation, and reticulocyte maturation. These advances not only increase understanding of the physiology of erythropoiesis, but also facilitate efforts in generating in vitro red blood cells for various translational application. In the present review, recent studies in epigenetic modification and release of histones during chromatin condensation are highlighted. New insights in enucleation, including protein sorting, vesicle trafficking, transcriptional regulation, noncoding RNA, cytoskeleton remodeling, erythroblastic islands, and cytokinesis, are summarized. Moreover, organelle clearance and proteolysis mediated by ubiquitin-proteasome degradation during reticulocytes maturation is also examined. Perspectives for future directions in this rapidly evolving research area are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mei
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Yijie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Kučka M, Gonzalez-Iglesias AE, Tomić M, Prévide RM, Smiljanic K, Sokanovic SJ, Fletcher PA, Sherman A, Balla T, Stojilkovic SS. Calcium-Prolactin Secretion Coupling in Rat Pituitary Lactotrophs Is Controlled by PI4-Kinase Alpha. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:790441. [PMID: 35058881 PMCID: PMC8764672 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.790441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of calcium, but not of other intracellular signaling molecules, in the release of pituitary hormones by exocytosis is well established. Here, we analyzed the contribution of phosphatidylinositol kinases (PIKs) to calcium-driven prolactin (PRL) release in pituitary lactotrophs: PI4Ks - which control PI4P production, PIP5Ks - which synthesize PI(4, 5)P2 by phosphorylating the D-5 position of the inositol ring of PI4P, and PI3KCs - which phosphorylate PI(4, 5)P2 to generate PI(3, 4, 5)P3. We used common and PIK-specific inhibitors to evaluate the strength of calcium-secretion coupling in rat lactotrophs. Gene expression was analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis; intracellular and released hormones were assessed by radioimmunoassay and ELISA; and single-cell calcium signaling was recorded by Fura 2 imaging. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the expression of Pi4ka, Pi4kb, Pi4k2a, Pi4k2b, Pip5k1a, Pip5k1c, and Pik3ca, as well as Pikfyve and Pip4k2c, in lactotrophs. Wortmannin, a PI3K and PI4K inhibitor, but not LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, blocked spontaneous action potential driven PRL release with a half-time of ~20 min when applied in 10 µM concentration, leading to accumulation of intracellular PRL content. Wortmannin also inhibited increase in PRL release by high potassium, the calcium channel agonist Bay K8644, and calcium mobilizing thyrotropin-releasing hormone without affecting accompanying calcium signaling. GSK-A1, a specific inhibitor of PI4KA, also inhibited calcium-driven PRL secretion without affecting calcium signaling and Prl expression. In contrast, PIK93, a specific inhibitor of PI4KB, and ISA2011B and UNC3230, specific inhibitors of PIP5K1A and PIP5K1C, respectively, did not affect PRL release. These experiments revealed a key role of PI4KA in calcium-secretion coupling in pituitary lactotrophs downstream of voltage-gated and PI(4, 5)P2-dependent calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kučka
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Arturo E. Gonzalez-Iglesias
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Melanija Tomić
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rafael M. Prévide
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kosara Smiljanic
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Srdjan J. Sokanovic
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Patrick A. Fletcher
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Arthur Sherman
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Stanko S. Stojilkovic
- Section on Cellular Signaling, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Stanko S. Stojilkovic,
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15
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Beltrán-Heredia E, Tsai FC, Salinas-Almaguer S, Cao FJ, Bassereau P, Monroy F. Membrane curvature induces cardiolipin sorting. Commun Biol 2019; 2:225. [PMID: 31240263 PMCID: PMC6586900 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin is a cone-shaped lipid predominantly localized in curved membrane sites of bacteria and in the mitochondrial cristae. This specific localization has been argued to be geometry-driven, since the CL's conical shape relaxes curvature frustration. Although previous evidence suggests a coupling between CL concentration and membrane shape in vivo, no precise experimental data are available for curvature-based CL sorting in vitro. Here, we test this hypothesis in experiments that isolate the effects of membrane curvature in lipid-bilayer nanotubes. CL sorting is observed with increasing tube curvature, reaching a maximum at optimal CL concentrations, a fact compatible with self-associative clustering. Observations are compatible with a model of membrane elasticity including van der Waals entropy, from which a negative intrinsic curvature of -1.1 nm-1 is predicted for CL. The results contribute to understanding the physicochemical interplay between membrane curvature and composition, providing key insights into mitochondrial and bacterial membrane organization and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Beltrán-Heredia
- Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Feng-Ching Tsai
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Salinas-Almaguer
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Cao
- Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia, IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Bassereau
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francisco Monroy
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Complutense, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Translational Biophysics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Doce de Octubre (imas12), Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences-QB3, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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16
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Jing J, Liu G, Huang Y, Zhou Y. A molecular toolbox for interrogation of membrane contact sites. J Physiol 2019; 598:1725-1739. [PMID: 31119749 PMCID: PMC7098838 DOI: 10.1113/jp277761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are specialized subcellular compartments formed by closely apposed membranes from two organelles. The intermembrane gap is separated by a distance ranging from 10 to 35 nm. MCSs are typically maintained through dynamic protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions. These intermembrane contact sites constitute important intracellular signalling hotspots to mediate a plethora of cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, membrane biogenesis and organelle remodelling. In recent years, a series of genetically encoded probes and chemogenetic or optogenetic actuators have been invented to aid the visualization and interrogation of MCSs in both fixed and living cells. These molecular tools have greatly accelerated the pace of mechanistic dissection of membrane contact sites at the molecular level. In this review, we present an overview on the latest progress in this endeavour, and provide a general guide to the selection of methods and molecular tools for probing interorganellar membrane contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Jing
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gan Liu
- Cockrell School of Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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17
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Kimble-Hill AC, Petrache HI, Seifert S, Firestone MA. Reorganization of Ternary Lipid Mixtures of Nonphosphorylated Phosphatidylinositol Interacting with Angiomotin. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8404-8415. [PMID: 29877706 PMCID: PMC6351316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) lipids are necessary for many cellular signaling pathways of membrane associated proteins, such as angiomotin (Amot). The Amot family regulates cellular polarity, growth, and migration. Given the low concentration of PI lipids in these membranes, it is likely that such protein-membrane interactions are stabilized by lipid domains or small lipid clusters. By small-angle X-ray scattering, we show that nonphosphorylated PI lipids induce lipid demixing in ternary mixtures of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), likely because of preferential interactions between the head groups of PE and PI. These results were obtained in the presence of buffer containing tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, NaCl, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dithiothreitol, and benzamidine at pH 8.0 that in previous work showed an ability to cause PC to phase separate but are necessary to stabilize Amot for in vitro experimentation. Collectively, this provided a framework for determining the effect of Amot on lipid organization. Using fluorescence spectroscopy, we were able to show that the association of Amot with this lipid platform causes significant reorganization of the lipid into a more homogenous structure. This reorganization mechanism could be the basis for Amot membrane association and fusogenic activity previously described in the literature and should be taken into consideration in future protein-membrane interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann C. Kimble-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, MS 4053, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Horia I. Petrache
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, LD 154, 402 N. Blackford Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-Ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Millicent A. Firestone
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MPA-CINT, MS K771, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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18
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a group of liver disorders encompassing simple hepatic steatosis and its more aggressive forms of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. It is a rapidly growing health concern and the major cause for the increasing incidence of primary liver tumors. Unequivocal evidence shows that sphingolipid metabolism is altered in the course of the disease and these changes might contribute to NAFLD progression. Recent data provide solid support to the notion that deregulated ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism are present at all stages of NAFLD, i.e., steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Insulin sensitivity, de novo lipogenesis, and the resulting lipotoxicity, fibrosis, and angiogenesis are all seemingly regulated in a manner that involves either ceramide and/or sphingosine-1-phosphate. Sphingolipids might also participate in the onset of hepatocellular senescence. The latter has been shown to contribute to the advancement of cirrhosis to HCC in the classical cases of end-stage liver disease, i.e., viral- or alcohol-induced; however, emerging evidence suggests that senescence is also involved in the pathogenicity of NAFLD possibly via changes in ceramide metabolism.
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19
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Enrique Gomez R, Joubès J, Valentin N, Batoko H, Satiat-Jeunemaître B, Bernard A. Lipids in membrane dynamics during autophagy in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1287-1299. [PMID: 29140451 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a critical pathway for plant adaptation to stress. Macroautophagy relies on the biogenesis of a specialized membrane named the phagophore that maturates into a double membrane vesicle. Proteins and lipids act synergistically to promote membrane structure and functions, yet research on autophagy has mostly focused on autophagy-related proteins while knowledge of supporting lipids in the formation of autophagic membranes remains scarce. This review expands on studies in plants with examples from other organisms to present and discuss our current understanding of lipids in membrane dynamics associated with the autophagy pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Enrique Gomez
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Joubès
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Valentin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Henri Batoko
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4-L7.07.14, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaître
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, CEA, Paris-Sud University, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Amélie Bernard
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, Bordeaux, France
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20
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The role of sphingolipids in psychoactive drug use and addiction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:651-672. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Dalmau N, Andrieu-Abadie N, Tauler R, Bedia C. Untargeted lipidomic analysis of primary human epidermal melanocytes acutely and chronically exposed to UV radiation. Mol Omics 2018; 14:170-180. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00060c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight has been related to harmful effects on skin such as premature aging and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Dalmau
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | | | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Department of Environmental Chemistry
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC)
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
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22
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Nicolas WJ, Grison MS, Bayer EM. Shaping intercellular channels of plasmodesmata: the structure-to-function missing link. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 69:91-103. [PMID: 28992136 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are a hallmark of the plant kingdom and a cornerstone of plant biology and physiology, forming the conduits for the cell-to-cell transfer of proteins, RNA and various metabolites, including hormones. They connect the cytosols and endomembranes of cells, which allows enhanced cell-to-cell communication and synchronization. Because of their unique position as intercellular gateways, they are at the frontline of plant defence and signalling and constitute the battleground for virus replication and spreading. The membranous organization of PD is remarkable, where a tightly furled strand of endoplasmic reticulum comes into close apposition with the plasma membrane, the two connected by spoke-like elements. The role of these structural features is, to date, still not completely understood. Recent data on PD seem to point in an unexpected direction, establishing a close parallel between PD and membrane contact sites and defining plasmodesmal membranes as microdomains. However, the implications of this new viewpoint are not fully understood. Aided by available phylogenetic data, this review attempts to reassess the function of the different elements comprising the PD and the relevance of membrane lipid composition and biophysics in defining specialized microdomains of PD, critical for their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Nicolas
- Laboratoire de Biogénèse Membranaire, UMR 5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Magali S Grison
- Laboratoire de Biogénèse Membranaire, UMR 5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogénèse Membranaire, UMR 5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, France
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23
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The expanding role of sphingolipids in lipid droplet biogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:1155-1165. [PMID: 28743537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a diverse class of lipids that have regulatory, structural, and metabolic functions. Although chemically distinct from the neutral lipids and the glycerophospholipids, which are the main lipid components of the lipid droplets, sphingolipids have nonetheless been shown to influence lipid droplet formation. The goal of this article is to review the available information and provide a cohesive picture of the role sphingolipids play in lipid droplet biogenesis. The following topics are discussed: (i) the abundance of sphingolipids in lipid droplets and their functional significance; (ii) cross-talk between the synthetic pathways of sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and neutral lipids; (iii) the impact of bioactive sphingolipids on TAG synthesis and degradation; (iv) interactions between sphingolipids and other lipid droplet components, like cholesterol esters and proteins; (v) inhibition/genetic deletion of specific sphingolipid metabolic enzymes and the resulting effects on lipid droplet formation in mouse models. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Recent Advances in Lipid Droplet Biology edited by Rosalind Coleman and Matthijs Hesselink.
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24
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Prashek J, Bouyain S, Fu M, Li Y, Berkes D, Yao X. Interaction between the PH and START domains of ceramide transfer protein competes with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate binding by the PH domain. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14217-14228. [PMID: 28652409 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.780007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo synthesis of the sphingolipid sphingomyelin requires non-vesicular transport of ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi by the multidomain protein ceramide transfer protein (CERT). CERT's N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain targets it to the Golgi by binding to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) in the Golgi membrane, whereas its C-terminal StAR-related lipid transfer domain (START) carries out ceramide transfer. Hyperphosphorylation of a serine-rich motif immediately after the PH domain decreases both PtdIns(4)P binding and ceramide transfer by CERT. This down-regulation requires both the PH and START domains, suggesting a possible inhibitory interaction between the two domains. In this study we show that isolated PH and START domains interact with each other. The crystal structure of a PH-START complex revealed that the START domain binds to the PH domain at the same site for PtdIns(4)P-binding, suggesting that the START domain competes with PtdIns(4)P for association with the PH domain. We further report that mutations disrupting the PH-START interaction increase both PtdIns(4)P-binding affinity and ceramide transfer activity of a CERT-serine-rich phosphorylation mimic. We also found that these mutations increase the Golgi localization of CERT inside the cell, consistent with enhanced PtdIns(4)P binding of the mutant. Collectively, our structural, biochemical, and cellular investigations provide important structural insight into the regulation of CERT function and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Prashek
- From the Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Samuel Bouyain
- From the Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Mingui Fu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108
| | - Dusan Berkes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Xiaolan Yao
- From the Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,.
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25
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High Cholesterol/Low Cholesterol: Effects in Biological Membranes: A Review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 75:369-385. [PMID: 28417231 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipid composition determines membrane properties, and cholesterol plays a major role in this determination as it regulates membrane fluidity and permeability, as well as induces the formation of coexisting phases and domains in the membrane. Biological membranes display a very diverse lipid composition, the lateral organization of which plays a crucial role in regulating a variety of membrane functions. We hypothesize that, during biological evolution, membranes with a particular cholesterol content were selected to perform certain functions in the cells of eukaryotic organisms. In this review, we discuss the major membrane properties induced by cholesterol, and their relationship to certain membrane functions.
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26
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Lecommandeur E, Baker D, Cox TM, Nicholls AW, Griffin JL. Alterations in endo-lysosomal function induce similar hepatic lipid profiles in rodent models of drug-induced phospholipidosis and Sandhoff disease. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1306-1314. [PMID: 28377426 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m073395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) is characterized by an increase in the phospholipid content of the cell and the accumulation of drugs and lipids inside the lysosomes of affected tissues, including in the liver. Although of uncertain pathological significance for patients, the condition remains a major impediment for the clinical development of new drugs. Human Sandhoff disease (SD) is caused by inherited defects of the β subunit of lysosomal β-hexosaminidases (Hex) A and B, leading to a large array of symptoms, including neurodegeneration and ultimately death by the age of 4 in its most common form. The substrates of Hex A and B, gangliosides GM2 and GA2, accumulate inside the lysosomes of the CNS and in peripheral organs. Given that both DIPL and SD are associated with lysosomes and lipid metabolism in general, we measured the hepatic lipid profiles in rodent models of these two conditions using untargeted LC/MS to examine potential commonalities. Both model systems shared a number of perturbed lipid pathways, notably those involving metabolism of cholesteryl esters, lysophosphatidylcholines, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphates, and ceramides. We report here profound alterations in lipid metabolism in the SD liver. In addition, DIPL induced a wide range of lipid changes not previously observed in the liver, highlighting similarities with those detected in the model of SD and raising concerns that these lipid changes may be associated with underlying pathology associated with lysosomal storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lecommandeur
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Timothy M Cox
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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27
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Iaea DB, Mao S, Lund FW, Maxfield FR. Role of STARD4 in sterol transport between the endocytic recycling compartment and the plasma membrane. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1111-1122. [PMID: 28209730 PMCID: PMC5391187 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-07-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the endocytic recycling compartment is measured using fluorescence microscopy. STARD4, a small, soluble sterol transport protein, is responsible for 25% of the total transport and 33% of nonvesicular transport. Elevated cholesterol dramatically increases sterol transport rate constants. Cholesterol is an essential constituent of membranes in mammalian cells. The plasma membrane and the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) are both highly enriched in cholesterol. The abundance and distribution of cholesterol among organelles are tightly controlled by a combination of mechanisms involving vesicular and nonvesicular sterol transport processes. Using the fluorescent cholesterol analogue dehydroergosterol, we examined sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the ERC using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and a novel sterol efflux assay. We found that sterol transport between these organelles in a U2OS cell line has a t1/2 =12–15 min. Approximately 70% of sterol transport is ATP independent and therefore is nonvesicular. Increasing cellular cholesterol levels dramatically increases bidirectional transport rate constants, but decreases in cholesterol levels have only a modest effect. A soluble sterol transport protein, STARD4, accounts for ∼25% of total sterol transport and ∼33% of nonvesicular sterol transport between the plasma membrane and ERC. This study shows that nonvesicular sterol transport mechanisms and STARD4 in particular account for a large fraction of sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the ERC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Iaea
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Rockefeller University, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Tri-Institutional Chemical Biology Program, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shu Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Frederik W Lund
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Frederick R Maxfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 .,Weill Cornell Medical College, Rockefeller University, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Tri-Institutional Chemical Biology Program, New York, NY 10065
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28
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Cell membrane modulation as adjuvant in cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 52:48-57. [PMID: 27889637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease involving numerous biological processes, which can exist in parallel, can be complementary, or are engaged when needed and as such can replace each other. This redundancy in possibilities cancer cells have, are fundamental to failure of therapy. However, intrinsic features of tumor cells and tumors as a whole provide also opportunities for therapy. Here we discuss the unique and specific makeup and arrangement of cell membranes of tumor cells and how these may help treatment. Interestingly, knowledge on cell membranes and associated structures is present already for decades, while application of membrane modification and manipulation as part of cancer therapy is lagging. Recent developments of scientific tools concerning lipids and lipid metabolism, opened new and previously unknown aspects of tumor cells and indicate possible differences in lipid composition and membrane function of tumor cells compared to healthy cells. This field, coined Lipidomics, demonstrates the importance of lipid components in cell membrane in several illnesses. Important alterations in cancer, and specially in resistant cancer cells compared to normal cells, opened the door to new therapeutic strategies. Moreover, the ability to modulate membrane components and/or properties has become a reality. Here, developments in cancer-related Lipidomics and strategies to interfere specifically with cancer cell membranes and how these affect cancer treatment are discussed. We hypothesize that combination of lipid or membrane targeted strategies with available care to improve chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy will bring the much needed change in treatment in the years to come.
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29
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Tong J, Manik MK, Yang H, Im YJ. Structural insights into nonvesicular lipid transport by the oxysterol binding protein homologue family. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:928-939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Jiang X, Shu HJ, Krishnan K, Qian M, Taylor AA, Covey DF, Zorumski CF, Mennerick S. A clickable neurosteroid photolabel reveals selective Golgi compartmentalization with preferential impact on proximal inhibition. Neuropharmacology 2016; 108:193-206. [PMID: 27114255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetic, GABA-active neurosteroids potently augment GABAA receptor function, leading to important behavioral consequences. Neurosteroids and their synthetic analogues are also models for a wide variety of cell-permeant neuroactive compounds. Cell permeation and compartmentalization raise the possibility that these compounds' actions are influenced by their cellular partitioning, but these contributions are not typically considered experimentally or therapeutically. To examine the interplay between cellular accumulation and pharmacodynamics of neurosteroids, we synthesized a novel chemical biology analogue (bio-active, clickable photolabel) of GABA-active neurosteroids. We discovered that the analogue selectively photo-labels neuronal Golgi in rat hippocampal neurons. The active analogue's selective distribution was distinct from endogenous cholesterol and not completely shared by some non-GABA active, neurosteroid-like analogues. On the other hand, the distribution was not enantioselective and did not require energy, in contrast to other recent precedents from the literature. We demonstrate that the soma-selective accumulation can act as a sink or source for steroid actions at plasma-membrane GABA receptors, altering steady-state and time course of effects at somatic GABAA receptors relative to dendritic receptors. Our results suggest a novel mechanism for compartment-selective drug actions at plasma-membrane receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Jiang
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hong-Jin Shu
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathiresan Krishnan
- Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mingxing Qian
- Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amanda A Taylor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Douglas F Covey
- Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatry Research, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatry Research, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven Mennerick
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatry Research, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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31
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Quon E, Beh CT. Membrane Contact Sites: Complex Zones for Membrane Association and Lipid Exchange. Lipid Insights 2016; 8:55-63. [PMID: 26949334 PMCID: PMC4772907 DOI: 10.4137/lpi.s37190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid transport between membranes within cells involves vesicle and protein carriers, but as agents of nonvesicular lipid transfer, the role of membrane contact sites has received increasing attention. As zones for lipid metabolism and exchange, various membrane contact sites mediate direct associations between different organelles. In particular, membrane contact sites linking the plasma membrane (PM) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) represent important regulators of lipid and ion transfer. In yeast, cortical ER is stapled to the PM through membrane-tethering proteins, which establish a direct connection between the membranes. In this review, we consider passive and facilitated models for lipid transfer at PM–ER contact sites. Besides the tethering proteins, we examine the roles of an additional repertoire of lipid and protein regulators that prime and propagate PM–ER membrane association. We conclude that instead of being simple mediators of membrane association, regulatory components of membrane contact sites have complex and multilayered functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Quon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher T Beh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.; Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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32
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The counterflow transport of sterols and PI4P. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:940-951. [PMID: 26928592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol levels in intracellular membranes are constantly adjusted to match with specific organelle functions. Cholesterol is kept high in the plasma membrane (PM) because it is essential for its barrier function, while low levels are found in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where cholesterol mediates feedback control of its own synthesis by sterol-sensor proteins. The ER→Golgi→PM concentration gradient of cholesterol in mammalian cells, and ergosterol in yeast, appears to be sustained by specific intracellular transport processes, which are mostly mediated by lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). Here we review a recently described function of two LTPs, OSBP and its yeast homolog Osh4p, which consists in creating a sterol gradient between membranes by vectorial transport. OSBP also contributes to the formation of ER/Golgi membrane contact sites, which are important hubs for the transfer of several lipid species. OSBP and Osh4p organize a counterflow transport of lipids whereby sterols are exchanged for the phosphoinositide PI4P, which is used as a fuel to drive sterol transport. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon.
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Henmi Y, Morikawa Y, Oe N, Ikeda N, Fujita A, Takei K, Minogue S, Tanabe K. PtdIns4KIIα generates endosomal PtdIns(4)P and is required for receptor sorting at early endosomes. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:990-1001. [PMID: 26823017 PMCID: PMC4791142 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PtdIns4KIIα has been implicated in the regulation of endosomal traffic, but the role of its enzymatic activity and the site of its action have not been elucidated. Depletion of PtdIns4KIIα significantly reduced the amount of vesicular PtdIns(4)P on early endosomes, leaving cells with an impaired ability to sort molecules from early endosomes. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα (PtdIns4KIIα) localizes to the trans-Golgi network and endosomal compartments and has been implicated in the regulation of endosomal traffic, but the roles of both its enzymatic activity and the site of its action have not been elucidated. This study shows that PtdIns4KIIα is required for production of endosomal phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) on early endosomes and for the sorting of transferrin and epidermal growth factor receptor into recycling and degradative pathways. Depletion of PtdIns4KIIα with small interfering RNA significantly reduced the amount of vesicular PtdIns(4)P on early endosomes but not on Golgi membranes. Cells depleted of PtdIns4KIIα had an impaired ability to sort molecules destined for recycling from early endosomes. We further identify the Eps15 homology domain–containing protein 3 (EHD3) as a possible endosomal effector of PtdIns4KIIα. Tubular endosomes containing EHD3 were shortened and became more vesicular in PtdIns4KIIα-depleted cells. Endosomal PtdIns(4,5)P2 was also significantly reduced in PtdIns4KIIα-depleted cells. These results show that PtdIns4KIIα regulates receptor sorting at early endosomes through a PtdIns(4)P-dependent pathway and contributes substrate for the synthesis of endosomal PtdIns(4,5)P2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Henmi
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Morikawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Natsuko Oe
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Narumi Ikeda
- Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akikazu Fujita
- Field of Veterinary Pathobiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kohji Takei
- Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shane Minogue
- Lipid and Membrane Biology Group, UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Kenji Tanabe
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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34
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The TULIP superfamily of eukaryotic lipid-binding proteins as a mediator of lipid sensing and transport. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:913-923. [PMID: 26825693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The tubular lipid-binding (TULIP) superfamily has emerged in recent years as a major mediator of lipid sensing and transport in eukaryotes. It currently encompasses three protein families, SMP-like, BPI-like, and Takeout-like, which share a common fold. This fold consists of a long helix wrapped in a highly curved anti-parallel β-sheet, enclosing a central, lipophilic cavity. The SMP-like proteins, which include subunits of the ERMES complex and the extended synaptotagmins (E-Syts), appear to be mainly located at membrane contacts sites (MCSs) between organelles, mediating inter-organelle lipid exchange. The BPI-like proteins, which include the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), the LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein (LBP), the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), are either involved in innate immunity against bacteria through their ability to sense lipopolysaccharides, as is the case for BPI and LBP, or in lipid exchange between lipoprotein particles, as is the case for CETP and PLTP. The Takeout-like proteins, which are comprised of insect juvenile hormone-binding proteins and arthropod allergens, transport, where known, lipid hormones to target tissues during insect development. In all cases, the activity of these proteins is underpinned by their ability to bind large, hydrophobic ligands in their central cavity and segregate them away from the aqueous environment. Furthermore, where they are involved in lipid exchange, recent structural studies have highlighted their ability to establish lipophilic, tubular channels, either between organelles in the case of SMP domains or between lipoprotein particles in the case of CETP. Here, we review the current knowledge on the structure, versatile functions, and evolution of the TULIP superfamily. We propose a deep evolutionary split in this superfamily, predating the Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor, between the SMP-like proteins, which act on lipids endogenous to the cell, and the BPI-like proteins (including the Takeout-like proteins of arthropods), which act on exogenous lipids. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon.
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35
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Søfteland L, Berntssen MH, Kirwan JA, Størseth TR, Viant MR, Torstensen BE, Waagbø R, Olsvik PA. Omega-3 and alpha-tocopherol provide more protection against contaminants in novel feeds for Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) than omega-6 and gamma tocopherol. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:211-224. [PMID: 28959541 PMCID: PMC5615787 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended use of plant ingredients in Atlantic salmon farming has increased the need for knowledge on the effects of new nutrients and contaminants in plant based feeds on fish health and nutrient-contaminant interactions. Primary Atlantic salmon hepatocytes were exposed to a mixture of PAHs and pesticides alone or in combination with the nutrients ARA, EPA, α-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol according to a factorial design. Cells were screened for effects using xCELLigence cytotoxicity screening, NMR spectroscopy metabolomics, mass spectrometry lipidomics and RT-qPCR transcriptomics. The cytotoxicity results suggest that adverse effects of the contaminants can be counteracted by the nutrients. The lipidomics suggested effects on cell membrane stability and vitamin D metabolism after contaminant and fatty acid exposure. Co-exposure of the contaminants with EPA or α-tocopherol contributed to an antagonistic effect in exposed cells, with reduced effects on the VTG and FABP4 transcripts. ARA and γ-tocopherol strengthened the contaminant-induced response, ARA by contributing to an additive and synergistic induction of CYP1A, CYP3A and CPT2, and γ-tocopherol by synergistically increasing ACOX1. Individually EPA and α-tocopherol seemed more beneficial than ARA and γ-tocopherol in preventing the adverse effects induced by the contaminant mixture, though a combination of all nutrients showed the greatest ameliorating effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Søfteland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Mark R. Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Rune Waagbø
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Norway
| | - Pål A. Olsvik
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Norway
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36
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Kumar A, Baycin-Hizal D, Zhang Y, Bowen MA, Betenbaugh MJ. Cellular traffic cops: the interplay between lipids and proteins regulates vesicular formation, trafficking, and signaling in mammalian cells. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 36:215-21. [PMID: 26540512 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein secretion and vesicular trafficking in mammalian cells rely on several key lipids including sphingolipids, phospholipids, and neutral lipids crucial to protein processing and other intracellular events. Proteins interact with these lipids to alter the shape of lipid bilayer, thereby playing a pivotal role in cellular sorting. Although some efforts have elucidated the role of these components, extensive studies are needed to further decipher the protein-lipid interactions along with the effect of membrane curvature and rafts in sorting of proteins. The regulatory role of proteins in subcellular localization and metabolism of lipids also needs to be described. Recent studies on the role of lipid-protein interactions in modulating membrane shape, signal transduction, and vesicular trafficking are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Deniz Baycin-Hizal
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michael A Bowen
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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37
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Merklinger E, Schloetel JG, Spitta L, Thiele C, Lang T. No Evidence for Spontaneous Lipid Transfer at ER-PM Membrane Contact Sites. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:41-56. [PMID: 26438553 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-vesicular lipid transport steps play a crucial role in lipid trafficking and potentially include spontaneous exchange. Since membrane contact facilitates this lipid transfer, it is most likely to occur at membrane contact sites (MCS). However, to date it is unknown whether closely attached biological membranes exchange lipids spontaneously. We have set up a system for studying the exchange of lipids at MCS formed between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane. Contact sites were stably anchored and the lipids cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were not capable of transferring spontaneously into the opposed bilayer. We conclude that physical contact between two associated biological membranes is not sufficient for transfer of the lipids PC and cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Merklinger
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jan-Gero Schloetel
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luis Spitta
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Department of Cell Biology of Lipids, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lang
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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38
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Host cell phosphatidylcholine is a key mediator of malaria parasite survival during liver stage infection. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 16:778-86. [PMID: 25498345 PMCID: PMC4271766 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During invasion, Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, wraps itself in a parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM), which constitutes a critical interface between the parasite and its host cell. Within hepatocytes, each Plasmodium sporozoite generates thousands of new parasites, creating high demand for lipids to support this replication and enlarge the PVM. Here, a global analysis of the total lipid repertoire of Plasmodium-infected hepatocytes reveals an enrichment of neutral lipids and the major membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC). While infection is unaffected in mice deficient in key enzymes involved in neutral lipid synthesis and lipolysis, ablation of rate-limiting enzymes in hepatic PC biosynthetic pathways significantly decreases parasite numbers. Host PC is taken up by both P. berghei and P. falciparum and is necessary for correct localization of parasite proteins to the PVM, which is essential for parasite survival. Thus, Plasmodium relies on the abundance of these lipids within hepatocytes to support infection.
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39
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Nicolson GL. Cell membrane fluid-mosaic structure and cancer metastasis. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1169-76. [PMID: 25788696 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are surrounded by a fluid-mosaic membrane that provides a highly dynamic structural barrier with the microenvironment, communication filter and transport, receptor and enzyme platform. This structure forms because of the physical properties of its constituents, which can move laterally and selectively within the membrane plane and associate with similar or different constituents, forming specific, functional domains. Over the years, data have accumulated on the amounts, structures, and mobilities of membrane constituents after transformation and during progression and metastasis. More recent information has shown the importance of specialized membrane domains, such as lipid rafts, protein-lipid complexes, receptor complexes, invadopodia, and other cellular structures in the malignant process. In describing the macrostructure and dynamics of plasma membranes, membrane-associated cytoskeletal structures and extracellular matrix are also important, constraining the motion of membrane components and acting as traction points for cell motility. These associations may be altered in malignant cells, and probably also in surrounding normal cells, promoting invasion and metastatic colonization. In addition, components can be released from cells as secretory molecules, enzymes, receptors, large macromolecular complexes, membrane vesicles, and exosomes that can modify the microenvironment, provide specific cross-talk, and facilitate invasion, survival, and growth of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, California.
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40
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Abstract
Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9 (Fig. 9.1), is an essential co-enzyme in one-carbon metabolism pathways, including the biosynthesis of nucleotides (i.e. purines, thymidine) and several amino acids. In general, two functionally different systems mediate the cellular uptake of folate: (1) the reduced folate carrier (RFC, Kd ∼ 10-6 M), an anion transporter that delivers folates across the plasma membrane in a bidirectional fashion, and (2) the folate receptor (FR, Kd ∼ 10-10 M), which internalizes folate through active receptor-mediated endocytosis. The RFC, a membrane-spanning anion transporter, is present in virtually all tissues and is responsible for the majority of folate transport in and out of cells. In contrast, FR expression is largely restricted to malignant cells, activated macrophages, and the proximal tubule cells of the kidneys. Because a variety of important diseases are caused by the former two cell types, interest in exploiting FR for drug targeting applications has rapidly increased. And achievement of this targeting objective, primarily through conjugation of drugs to folic acid is believed to enable (1) enhanced net drug uptake by pathologic cells, and more importantly (2) reduction in drug deposition into non-pathologic cells, thereby mitigating collateral toxicity to normal tissues.
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41
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Sikder MKU, Stone KA, Kumar PBS, Laradji M. Combined effect of cortical cytoskeleton and transmembrane proteins on domain formation in biomembranes. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054902. [PMID: 25106608 PMCID: PMC4119197 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the combined effects of transmembrane proteins and the subjacent cytoskeleton on the dynamics of phase separation in multicomponent lipid bilayers using computer simulations of a particle-based implicit solvent model for lipid membranes with soft-core interactions. We find that microphase separation can be achieved by the protein confinement by the cytoskeleton. Our results have relevance to the finite size of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyle A Stone
- Department of Physics, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA
| | - P B Sunil Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India and MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Mohamed Laradji
- Department of Physics, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA and MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
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Yandrapalli N, Muriaux D, Favard C. Lipid domains in HIV-1 assembly. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:220. [PMID: 24904536 PMCID: PMC4033000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In CD+4 T cells, HIV-1 buds from the host cell plasma membrane. The viral Gag polyprotein is mainly responsible for this process. However, the intimate interaction of Gag and lipids at the plasma membrane as well as its consequences, in terms of lipids lateral organization and virus assembly, is still under debate. In this review we propose to revisit the role of plasma membrane lipids in HIV-1 Gag targeting and assembly, at the light of lipid membranes biophysics and literature dealing with Gag-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Yandrapalli
- Centre d'étude des Pathogènes et de Biotechnologies pour la Santé, CNRS UMR-5236 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- Centre d'étude des Pathogènes et de Biotechnologies pour la Santé, CNRS UMR-5236 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Cyril Favard
- Centre d'étude des Pathogènes et de Biotechnologies pour la Santé, CNRS UMR-5236 Montpellier Cedex, France
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43
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Fossati M, Goud B, Borgese N, Manneville JB. An investigation of the effect of membrane curvature on transmembrane-domain dependent protein sorting in lipid bilayers. CELLULAR LOGISTICS 2014; 4:e29087. [PMID: 25210649 PMCID: PMC4156485 DOI: 10.4161/cl.29087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sorting of membrane proteins within the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells is a complex process involving discrete sorting signals as well as physico-chemical properties of the transmembrane domain (TMD). Previous work demonstrated that tail-anchored (TA) protein sorting at the interface between the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex is exquisitely dependent on the length and hydrophobicity of the transmembrane domain, and suggested that an imbalance between TMD length and bilayer thickness (hydrophobic mismatch) could drive long TMD-containing proteins into curved membrane domains, including ER exit sites, with consequent export of the mismatched protein out of the ER. Here, we tested a possible role of curvature in TMD-dependent sorting in a model system consisting of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) from which narrow membrane tubes were pulled by micromanipulation. Fluorescent TA proteins differing in TMD length were incorporated into GUVs of uniform lipid composition or made of total ER lipids, and TMD-dependent sorting and diffusion, as well as the bending rigidity of bilayers made of microsomal lipids, were investigated. Long and short TMD-containing constructs were inserted with similar orientation, diffused equally rapidly in GUVs and in tubes pulled from GUVs, and no difference in their final distribution between planar and curved regions was detected. These results indicate that curvature alone is not sufficient to drive TMD-dependent sorting at the ER-Golgi interface, and set the basis for the investigation of the additional factors that must be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Fossati
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; University of Milano; Milano, Italy
| | - Bruno Goud
- CNRS-Institut Curie; UMR144; Paris, France
| | - Nica Borgese
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; University of Milano; Milano, Italy ; Department of Health Science; University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"; Catanzaro, Italy
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Rocha S, De Keersmaecker H, Hutchison JA, Vanhoorelbeke K, Martens JA, Hofkens J, Uji-i H. Membrane remodeling processes induced by phospholipase action. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:4743-4751. [PMID: 24694028 DOI: 10.1021/la500121f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Important cellular events such as division require drastic changes in the shape of the membrane. These remodeling processes can be triggered by the binding of specific proteins or by changes in membrane composition and are linked to phospholipid metabolism for which dedicated enzymes, named phospholipases, are responsible. Here wide-field fluorescence microscopy is used to visualize shape changes induced by the action of phospholipase A1 on dye-labeled supported membranes of POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoly-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). Time-lapse imaging demonstrates that layers either shrink and disappear or fold and collapse into vesicles. These vesicles can undergo further transformations such as budding, tubulation, and pearling within 5 min of formation. Using dye-labeled phospholipases, we can monitor the presence of the enzyme at specific positions on the membrane as the shape transformations occur. Furthermore, incorporating the products of hydrolysis into POPC membranes is shown to induce transformations similar to those observed for enzyme action. The results suggest that phospholipase-mediated hydrolysis plays an important role in membrane transformations by altering the membrane composition, and a model is proposed for membrane curvature based on the presence and shape of hydrolysis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rocha
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Faculty of Science and ‡Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Belgium
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A vertebrate model for the study of lipid binding/transfer protein function: Conservation of OSBP-related proteins between zebrafish and human. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:675-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Aimon S, Callan-Jones A, Berthaud A, Pinot M, Toombes GES, Bassereau P. Membrane shape modulates transmembrane protein distribution. Dev Cell 2014; 28:212-8. [PMID: 24480645 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although membrane shape varies greatly throughout the cell, the contribution of membrane curvature to transmembrane protein targeting is unknown because of the numerous sorting mechanisms that take place concurrently in cells. To isolate the effect of membrane shape, we used cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) containing either the potassium channel KvAP or the water channel AQP0 to form membrane nanotubes with controlled radii. Whereas the AQP0 concentrations in flat and curved membranes were indistinguishable, KvAP was enriched in the tubes, with greater enrichment in more highly curved membranes. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements showed that both proteins could freely diffuse through the neck between the tube and GUV, and the effect of each protein on membrane shape and stiffness was characterized using a thermodynamic sorting model. This study establishes the importance of membrane shape for targeting transmembrane proteins and provides a method for determining the effective shape and flexibility of membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Aimon
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris F-75248, France; CNRS, PhysicoChimie Curie, UMR168, Paris F-75248, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris F-75252, France; Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew Callan-Jones
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS/Université Paris-Diderot, UMR 7057, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Alice Berthaud
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris F-75248, France; CNRS, PhysicoChimie Curie, UMR168, Paris F-75248, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris F-75252, France; CelTisPhyBio Labex, Paris Sciences et Lettres, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Pinot
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris F-75248, France; CelTisPhyBio Labex, Paris Sciences et Lettres, 75005 Paris, France; CNRS, Subcellular Structure and Cellular Dynamics, UMR144, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Gilman E S Toombes
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3017, USA.
| | - Patricia Bassereau
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Curie, Paris F-75248, France; CNRS, PhysicoChimie Curie, UMR168, Paris F-75248, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris F-75252, France; CelTisPhyBio Labex, Paris Sciences et Lettres, 75005 Paris, France
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Alfsen A, Tatischeff I. The Lipid Bilayer of Biological Vesicles: A Liquid-Crystalline Material as Nanovehicles of Information. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2014.52013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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OSBP-related proteins: liganding by glycerophospholipids opens new insight into their function. Molecules 2013; 18:13666-79. [PMID: 24196413 PMCID: PMC6270239 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) and its homologs designated OSBP-related (ORP) or OSBP-like (OSBPL) proteins constitute a conserved family of lipid binding/transfer proteins (LTP) in eukaryotes. The mechanisms of ORP function have remained incompletely understood, but they have been implicated as intracellular sterol sensors or transporters. A number of studies have provided evidence for the roles of ORPs at membrane contact sites (MCS), where endoplasmic reticulum is closely apposed with other organelle limiting membranes. ORPs are postulated to either transport sterols over MCSs or control the activity of enzymatic effectors or assembly of protein complexes with functions in signaling and lipid metabolism. Studies of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORPs Osh4p, Osh3p, Osh6p and Osh7p have revealed that ORPs do not exclusively bind sterols within their OSBP-related ligand-binding domain (ORD): The Osh4p ORD accommodates either sterols or phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P), and the Osh3p ORD was shown to specifically bind PI4P, the binding cavity being too narrow for a sterol to fit in. Most recently, Osh6p and Osh7p were demonstrated to show specific affinity for phosphatidylserine (PS), and to play a role in the intracellular transport of this glycerophospholipid; Additionally, two mammalian ORPs were shown to bind PS. Thus, the term frequently used for ORPs/OSBPLs, oxysterol-binding proteins, is a misnomer. While a number of ORPs bind oxysterols or cholesterol, other family members appear to interact with phospholipid ligands to regulate lipid fluxes, organelle lipid compositions and cell signaling. As a conclusion, ORPs are LTPs with a wide ligand spectrum and marked functional heterogeneity.
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Olkkonen VM, Li S. Oxysterol-binding proteins: Sterol and phosphoinositide sensors coordinating transport, signaling and metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:529-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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50
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Regulation of Golgi signaling and trafficking by the KDEL receptor. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:395-405. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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