1
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Huang Z, Gustave W, Bai S, Li Y, Li B, Elçin E, Jiang B, Jia Z, Zhang X, Shaheen SM, He F. Challenges and opportunities in commercializing whole-cell bioreporters in environmental application. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 262:119801. [PMID: 39147190 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial introduction of whole-cell bioreporters (WCBs) nearly 30 years ago, their high sensitivity, selectivity, and suitability for on-site detection have rendered them highly promising for environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, food safety, biomanufacturing, and other fields. Especially in the environmental field, the technology provides a fast and efficient way to assess the bioavailability of pollutants in the environment. Despite these advantages, the technology has not been commercialized. This lack of commercialization is confusing, given the broad application prospects of WCBs. Over the years, numerous research papers have focused primarily on enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of WCBs, with little attention paid to their wider commercial applications. So far, there is no a critical review has been published yet on this topic. Therefore, in this article we critically reviewed the research progress of WCBs over the past three decades, assessing the performance and limitations of current systems to understand the barriers to commercial deployment. By identifying these obstacles, this article provided researchers and industry stakeholders with deeper insights into the challenges hindering market entry and inspire further research toward overcoming these barriers, thereby facilitating the commercialization of WCBs as a promising technology for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Huang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Williamson Gustave
- School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, University of the Bahamas, Nassau, 4912, Bahamas
| | - Shanshan Bai
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yongshuo Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Boling Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Meadows Center for Water and the Environment, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Evrim Elçin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Division of Enzyme and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09970, Turkey
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhemin Jia
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Feng He
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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2
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Hafeez S, Khanam A, Cao H, Chaplin BP, Xu W. Novel Conductive and Redox-Active Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Direct Quantification of Perfluorooctanoic Acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2024; 11:871-877. [PMID: 39156924 PMCID: PMC11325644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
This study developed a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that is both conductive and redox-active for directly quantifying perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) electrochemically. We synthesized the monomer 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (EDOT-TEMPO) for electropolymerization on a glassy carbon electrode using PFOA as a template, which was abbreviated as PEDOT-TEMPO-MIP. The redox-active MIP eliminated the need for external redox probes. When exposed to PFOA, both anodic and cathodic peaks of MIP showed a decreased current density. This observation can be explained by the formation of a charge-assisted hydrogen bond between the anionic PFOA and MIP's redox-active moieties (TEMPO) that hinder the conversion between the oxidized and reduced forms of TEMPO. The extent of the current density decrease showed excellent linearity with PFOA concentrations, with a method detection limit of 0.28 ng·L-1. PEDOT-TEMPO-MIP also exhibited high selectivity toward PFOA against other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Our results suggest electropolymerization of MIPs was highly reproducible, with a relative standard deviation of 5.1% among three separate MIP electrodes. PEDOT-TEMPO-MIP can also be repeatedly used with good stability and reproducibility for PFOA detection. This study provides an innovative platform for rapid PFAS quantification using redox-active MIPs, laying the groundwork for developing compact PFAS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbul Hafeez
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Aysha Khanam
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Han Cao
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Brian P. Chaplin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 929 W. Taylor St., 14, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
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3
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An Z, Li Y, Li J, Jiang Z, Duan W, Guo M, Zhu Y, Zeng X, Wang L, Liu Y, Li A, Guo H, Zhang X. Associations between co-exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphate esters and erythrogram in Chinese adults. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142750. [PMID: 38960049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Erythrogram, despite its prevalent use in assessing red blood cell (RBC) disorders and can be utilized to evaluate various diseases, still lacks evidence supporting the effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) on it. A cross-sectional study involving 467 adults from Shijiazhuang, China was conducted to assess the associations between 12 PFASs and 11 OPEs and the erythrogram (8 indicators related to RBC). Three models, including multiple linear regression (MLR), sparse partial least squares regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed to evaluate both the individual and joint effects of PFASs and OPEs on the erythrogram. Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) showed the strongest association with HGB (3.68%, 95% CI: 2.29%, 5.10%) when doubling among PFASs in MLR models. BKMR indicated that PFASs were more strongly associated with the erythrogram than OPEs, as evidenced by higher group posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs) for PFASs. Within hemoglobin and hematocrit, PFHxS emerged as the most significant component (conditional PIP = 1.0 for both). Collectively, our study emphasizes the joint effect of PFASs and OPEs on the erythrogram and identified PFASs, particularly PFHxS, as the pivotal contributors to the erythrogram. Nonetheless, further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen An
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zexuan Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Wenjing Duan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Mingmei Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiuli Zeng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Linfeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Huicai Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers of Hebei Medical University, 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
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Hughey KD, Gallagher NB, Zhao Y, Thakur N, Bradley AM, Koster van Groos PG, Johnson TJ. PFAS remediation: Evaluating the infrared spectra of complex gaseous mixtures to determine the efficacy of thermal decomposition of PFAS. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142631. [PMID: 38885768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to their widespread production and known environmental contamination, the need for the detection and remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has grown quickly. While destructive thermal treatment of PFAS at low temperatures (e.g., 200-500 °C) is of interest due to lower energy and infrastructure requirements, the range of possible degradation products remains underexplored. To better understand the low temperature decomposition of PFAS species, we have coupled gas-phase infrared spectroscopy with a multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis and a database of high-resolution PFAS infrared reference spectra to characterize and quantify a complex mixture resulting from potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-K) decomposition. Beginning at 375 °C, nine prevalent decomposition products (namely smaller perfluorocarbon species) are identified and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall D Hughey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Neal B Gallagher
- Eigenvector Research, Inc., 196 Hyacinth Road, Manson, WA 98831, USA
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- APTIM, 17 Princess Road, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Nikita Thakur
- APTIM, 17 Princess Road, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Ashley M Bradley
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | | | - Timothy J Johnson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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5
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Ramírez-García G, Wang L, Yetisen AK, Morales-Narváez E. Photonic Solutions for Challenges in Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25415-25420. [PMID: 38911740 PMCID: PMC11191130 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Sensing technologies support timely and critical decisions to save precious resources in healthcare, veterinary care, food safety, and environmental protection. However, the design of sensors demands strict technical characteristics for real-world applications. In this Viewpoint, we discuss the main challenges to tackle in the sensing field and how photonics represents a valuable tool in this sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ramírez-García
- Biofunctional
Nanomaterials Laboratory, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología
Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, 3001, Boulevard Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, México
| | - Lin Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.
| | - Ali K. Yetisen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic
Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología
Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México (UNAM), 3001, Boulevard Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, México
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6
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Iwamoto S, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Fundamental investigation on fluorous nanoemulsion optodes: effect of matrix fluorination on selectivity. ANAL SCI 2024:10.1007/s44211-024-00603-w. [PMID: 38795277 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00603-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
As fundamental investigation on fluorous nanoemulsion (NE) optodes for highly selective perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-) sensing, the effect of matrix fluorination on selectivity was investigated. Due to the high hydrophobicity of PFOS- itself, it responded in exhaustive mode regardless of the fluorination ratio of the matrix, and the lowest detectable PFOS- concentration was on the order of 10-7 to 10-6 M. On the other hand, the response of non-fluorous interfering anions was suppressed as the fluorination ratio of the matrix increased. It was revealed that the relative selectivity of PFOS- for hydrophobic anions, ClO4-, SCN-, and 1-octanesulfonate (OS-) was improved by more than one order of magnitude, up to nearly two orders of magnitude, and that it was also improved by less than one order of magnitude for hydrophilic anions, Br-, Cl-, and SO4-, in logarithmic selectivity coefficient (log K PFOS - , j opt ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraka Iwamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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7
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Liu Q, Chen Q, Tong YJ, Zou X, Zheng X, Gong Z. Tailoring the Coordination Environment of Fe/Zn-BDC to Boost Peroxidase-like Activity for Highly Selective Detection of PFOS. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4673-4681. [PMID: 38451931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid potassium salt (PFOS) residues in ecosystems over long periods are of increasing concern and require a selective and stable optical probe for monitoring. Herein, two functional groups (-F and -NH2) with opposite electronic modulation ability were introduced into Fe/Zn-BDC (denoted as Fe/Zn-BDC-F4 and Fe/Zn-BDC-NH2, respectively) to tailor the coordination environment of the Fe metal center, further regulating the nanozyme activity efficiently. Notably, the peroxidase-like activity is related to the coordination environment of the nanozymes and obeys the following order Fe/Zn-BDC-F4 > Fe/Zn-BDC > Fe/Zn-BDC-NH2. Based on the excellent peroxidase-like activity of Fe/Zn-BDC-F4 and the characteristics of being rich in F atoms, a rapid, selective, and visible colorimetric method was developed for detecting PFOS with a detection limit of 100 nM. The detection mechanism was attributed to various interaction forces between Fe/Zn-BDC-F4 and PFOS, including electrostatic interactions, Fe-S interactions, Fe-F bonds, and halogen bonds. This work not only offers new insights into the atomic-scale rational design of highly active nanozymes but also presents a novel approach to detecting PFOS in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Qiumeng Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan-Jun Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China
| | - Xue Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China
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8
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Aryal P, Hefner C, Martinez B, Henry CS. Microfluidics in environmental analysis: advancements, challenges, and future prospects for rapid and efficient monitoring. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1175-1206. [PMID: 38165815 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00871a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have emerged as advantageous tools for detecting environmental contaminants due to their portability, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and rapid response capabilities. These devices have wide-ranging applications in environmental monitoring of air, water, and soil matrices, and have also been applied to agricultural monitoring. Although several previous reviews have explored microfluidic devices' utility, this paper presents an up-to-date account of the latest advancements in this field for environmental monitoring, looking back at the past five years. In this review, we discuss devices for prominent contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, nutrients, microorganisms, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), etc. We cover numerous detection methods (electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescent, etc.) and critically assess the current state of microfluidic devices for environmental monitoring, highlighting both their successes and limitations. Moreover, we propose potential strategies to mitigate these limitations and offer valuable insights into future research and development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Claire Hefner
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Brandaise Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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9
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Fernández González A, Badía Laíño R, Costa-Fernández JM, Soldado A. Progress and Challenge of Sensors for Dairy Food Safety Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1383. [PMID: 38474919 DOI: 10.3390/s24051383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
One of the most consumed foods is milk and milk products, and guaranteeing the suitability of these products is one of the major concerns in our society. This has led to the development of numerous sensors to enhance quality controls in the food chain. However, this is not a simple task, because it is necessary to establish the parameters to be analyzed and often, not only one compound is responsible for food contamination or degradation. To attempt to address this problem, a multiplex analysis together with a non-directed (e.g., general parameters such as pH) analysis are the most relevant alternatives to identifying the safety of dairy food. In recent years, the use of new technologies in the development of devices/platforms with optical or electrochemical signals has accelerated and intensified the pursuit of systems that provide a simple, rapid, cost-effective, and/or multiparametric response to the presence of contaminants, markers of various diseases, and/or indicators of safety levels. However, achieving the simultaneous determination of two or more analytes in situ, in a single measurement, and in real time, using only one working 'real sensor', remains one of the most daunting challenges, primarily due to the complexity of the sample matrix. To address these requirements, different approaches have been explored. The state of the art on food safety sensors will be summarized in this review including optical, electrochemical, and other sensor-based detection methods such as magnetoelastic or mass-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Fernández González
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rosana Badía Laíño
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José M Costa-Fernández
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Soldado
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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10
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Yadav M, Osonga FJ, Sadik OA. Unveiling nano-empowered catalytic mechanisms for PFAS sensing, removal and destruction in water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169279. [PMID: 38123092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are organofluorine compounds used to manufacture various industrial and consumer goods. Due to their excellent physical and thermal stability ascribed to the strong CF bond, these are ubiquitously present globally and difficult to remediate. Extensive toxicological and epidemiological studies have confirmed these substances to cause adverse health effects. With the increasing literature on the environmental impact of PFAS, the regulations and research have also expanded. Researchers worldwide are working on the detection and remediation of PFAS. Many methods have been developed for their sensing, removal, and destruction. Amongst these methods, nanotechnology has emerged as a sustainable and affordable solution due to its tunable surface properties, high sorption capacities, and excellent reactivities. This review comprehensively discusses the recently developed nanoengineered materials used for detecting, sequestering, and destroying PFAS from aqueous matrices. Innovative designs of nanocomposites and their efficiency for the sensing, removal, and degradation of these persistent pollutants are reviewed, and key insights are analyzed. The mechanistic details and evidence available to support the cleavage of the CF bond during the treatment of PFAS in water are critically examined. Moreover, it highlights the challenges during PFAS quantification and analysis, including the analysis of intermediates in transitioning nanotechnologies from the laboratory to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manavi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Institutes of Technology (NJIT), United States of America
| | - Francis J Osonga
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Institutes of Technology (NJIT), United States of America
| | - Omowunmi A Sadik
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Institutes of Technology (NJIT), United States of America.
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11
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Ateia M, Wei H, Andreescu S. Sensors for Emerging Water Contaminants: Overcoming Roadblocks to Innovation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2636-2651. [PMID: 38302436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring water quality and safety requires the effective detection of emerging contaminants, which present significant risks to both human health and the environment. Field deployable low-cost sensors provide solutions to detect contaminants at their source and enable large-scale water quality monitoring and management. Unfortunately, the availability and utilization of such sensors remain limited. This Perspective examines current sensing technologies for detecting emerging contaminants and analyzes critical barriers, such as high costs, lack of reliability, difficulties in implementation in real-world settings, and lack of stakeholder involvement in sensor design. These technical and nontechnical barriers severely hinder progression from proof-of-concepts and negatively impact user experience factors such as ease-of-use and actionability using sensing data, ultimately affecting successful translation and widespread adoption of these technologies. We provide examples of specific sensing systems and explore key strategies to address the remaining scientific challenges that must be overcome to translate these technologies into the field such as improving sensitivity, selectivity, robustness, and performance in real-world water environments. Other critical aspects such as tailoring research to meet end-users' requirements, integrating cost considerations and consumer needs into the early prototype design, establishing standardized evaluation and validation protocols, fostering academia-industry collaborations, maximizing data value by establishing data sharing initiatives, and promoting workforce development are also discussed. The Perspective describes a set of guidelines for the development, translation, and implementation of water quality sensors to swiftly and accurately detect, analyze, track, and manage contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ateia
- Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1827, United States
| | - Haoran Wei
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676-5810, United States
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12
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He X, Ji W, Xing S, Feng Z, Li H, Lu S, Du K, Li X. Emerging trends in sensors based on molecular imprinting technology: Harnessing smartphones for portable detection and recognition. Talanta 2024; 268:125283. [PMID: 37857111 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting technology (MIT) has become a promising recognition technology in various fields due to its specificity, high efficiency, stability and eco-friendliness in the recognition of target. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), known as 'artificial receptors', are shown similar properties to natural receptors as a biomimetic material. The selectivity of recognition for targets can be greatly improved when MIPs are introduced into sensors, as known that MIPs, are suitable for the pretreatment and analysis of trace substances in complex matrix samples. At present, various sensors has been developed by the combination with MIPs for detecting and identifying trace compounds, biological macromolecules or other substances, such as optical, electrochemical and piezoelectric sensors. Smart phones, with their built-in sensors and powerful digital imaging capabilities, provide a unique platform for the needs of portability and instant detection. MIP sensors based on smart phones are expected to become a new research direction in the future. This review discusses the latest applications of MIP sensors in the field of detection and recognition in recent years, summarizes the frontier progress of MIP sensor research based on smart phones in the past two years, and points out the challenges, limitations and future development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicheng He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Wenliang Ji
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Sijia Xing
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Zhixuan Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Tianjin JOYSTAR Technology Co., Ltd, No.453, Hengshan Road, Modern Industrial Park, Tianjin Economic Technological Development Area, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- BaiyangDian Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Kunze Du
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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13
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Zhang M, Zhao Y, Bui B, Tang L, Xue J, Chen M, Chen W. The Latest Sensor Detection Methods for per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38234139 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2299233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have emerged as a prominent environmental pollutant in recent years, primarily due to their tendency to accumulate and magnify in both the environment and living organisms. The entry of PFASs into the environment can have detrimental effects on human health. Hence, it is crucial to actively monitor and detect the presence of PFASs. The current standard detection method of PFAS is the combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry. However, this requires expensive instruments, extra sample pretreatment steps, complicated operation and long analysis time. As a result, new methods that do not rely on chromatography and mass spectrometry have been developed and applied. These alternative methods mainly include optical and electrochemical sensor methods, which offer great potential in terms of real-time field detection, instrument miniaturization, shorter analysis time, and reduced detection cost. This review provides a summary of recent advancements in PFAS detection sensors. We categorize and explain the principles and mechanisms of these sensors, and compare their limits of detection and sensitivity. Finally, we discuss the future challenges and improvements needed for PFAS sensors, such as field application, commercialization, and other related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Brian Bui
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Liming Tang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiajia Xue
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingli Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
- School of CHIPS, Xi'an Jiaotong-Loverpool University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Ahmadi Tabar F, Lowdon JW, Bakhshi Sichani S, Khorshid M, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, Eersels K, Wagner P, van Grinsven B. An Overview on Recent Advances in Biomimetic Sensors for the Detection of Perfluoroalkyl Substances. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:130. [PMID: 38202993 PMCID: PMC10781331 DOI: 10.3390/s24010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of materials that have been widely used in the industrial production of a wide range of products. After decades of bioaccumulation in the environment, research has demonstrated that these compounds are toxic and potentially carcinogenic. Therefore, it is essential to map the extent of the problem to be able to remediate it properly in the next few decades. Current state-of-the-art detection platforms, however, are lab based and therefore too expensive and time-consuming for routine screening. Traditional biosensor tests based on, e.g., lateral flow assays may struggle with the low regulatory levels of PFAS (ng/mL), the complexity of environmental matrices and the presence of coexisting chemicals. Therefore, a lot of research effort has been directed towards the development of biomimetic receptors and their implementation into handheld, low-cost sensors. Numerous research groups have developed PFAS sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or aptamers. In order to transform these research efforts into tangible devices and implement them into environmental applications, it is necessary to provide an overview of these research efforts. This review aims to provide this overview and critically compare several technologies to each other to provide a recommendation for the direction of future research efforts focused on the development of the next generation of biomimetic PFAS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi Tabar
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Joseph W. Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Soroush Bakhshi Sichani
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
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15
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Ehsan MN, Riza M, Pervez MN, Khyum MMO, Liang Y, Naddeo V. Environmental and health impacts of PFAS: Sources, distribution and sustainable management in North Carolina (USA). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163123. [PMID: 37001657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of manufactured chemicals that have recently attracted a great deal of attention from environmental regulators and the general public because of their high prevalence, resistance to degradation, and potential toxicity. This review summarizes the current state of PFAS and its effects on the environment of North Carolina, USA. Specific emphasis has been placed to identify i) the sources of PFAS in North Carolina ii) distribution of PFAS in different environmental segments of North Carolina, including surface water, groundwater, air, and sediment iii) drinking water contamination iv) impact of PFAS on human health v) PFAS accumulation in fish and other biota vi) status of PFAS removal from drinking water and finally vi) socioeconomic impact of PFAS uncertainties. Continuous discharges of PFAS occur in the North Carolina environment from direct and indirect sources, including manufacturing sites, firefighting foam, waste disposal and treatment plants, landfill leachate, and industrial emissions. PFAS are widespread in many environmental segments of North Carolina. They are more likely to be detected in surface and groundwater sediments and can enter aquatic bodies through direct discharge and wet and dry deposition of emissions. Eventually, some adverse effects of PFAS have already been reported in North Carolina residents who could have been exposed to the chemicals through contaminated drinking water. Furthermore, PFAS were also found in blood samples from fish and alligators. PFAS were confirmed to be present in water, sediment, organic compounds, and aquatic species at all levels of the food web. However, there is still a substantial amount of work to be done to understand the actual contamination by PFAS in North Carolina comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mumtahina Riza
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA.
| | - Md Nahid Pervez
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, 66 University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084, Italy; Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | | | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, 66 University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084, Italy.
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Simonini Steiner YT, Romano GM, Massai L, Lippi M, Paoli P, Rossi P, Savastano M, Bencini A. Pyrene-Containing Polyamines as Fluorescent Receptors for Recognition of PFOA in Aqueous Media. Molecules 2023; 28:4552. [PMID: 37299033 PMCID: PMC10254721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The globally widespread perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a concerning environmental contaminant, with a possible toxic long-term effects on the environment and human health The development of sensible, rapid, and low-cost detection systems is a current change in modern environmental chemistry. In this context, two triamine-based chemosensors, L1 and L2, containing a fluorescent pyrene unit, and their Zn(II) complexes are proposed as fluorescent probes for the detection of PFOA in aqueous media. Binding studies carried out by means of fluorescence and NMR titrations highlight that protonated forms of the receptors can interact with the carboxylate group of PFOA, thanks to salt bridge formation with the ammonium groups of the aliphatic chain. This interaction induces a decrease in the fluorescence emission of pyrene at neutral and slightly acidic pH values. Similarly, emission quenching has also been observed upon coordination of PFOA by the Zn(II) complexes of the receptors. These results evidence that simple polyamine-based molecular receptors can be employed for the optical recognition of harmful pollutant molecules, such as PFOA, in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yschtar Tecla Simonini Steiner
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (Y.T.S.S.); (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Giammarco Maria Romano
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (Y.T.S.S.); (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (Y.T.S.S.); (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Martina Lippi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Firenze, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (M.L.); (P.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Paola Paoli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Firenze, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (M.L.); (P.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Patrizia Rossi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università di Firenze, Via Santa Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy; (M.L.); (P.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (Y.T.S.S.); (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Bencini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (Y.T.S.S.); (L.M.); (M.S.)
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17
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Rehman AU, Crimi M, Andreescu S. Current and emerging analytical techniques for the determination of PFAS in environmental samples. TRENDS IN ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2023; 37:e00198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.teac.2023.e00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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18
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Davis GB, Rayner JL, Donn MJ. Advancing "Autonomous" sensing and prediction of the subsurface environment: a review and exploration of the challenges for soil and groundwater contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:19520-19535. [PMID: 36635471 PMCID: PMC9938046 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Can we hope for autonomous (self-contained in situ) sensing of subsurface soil and groundwater pollutants to satisfy relevant regulatory criteria? Global advances in sensors, communications, digital technologies, and computational capacity offer this potential. Here we review past efforts to advance subsurface investigation techniques and technologies, and computational efforts to create a digital twin (representation) of subsurface processes. In the context of the potential to link measurement and sensing to a digital twin computation platform, we outline five criteria that might make it possible. Significant advances in sensors based on passive measurement devices are proposed. As an example of what might be achievable, using the five criteria, we describe the deployment of online real-time sensors and simulations for a case study of a petroleum site where natural source zone depletion (NSZD) is underway as a potential biodegradation management option, and where a high-quality conceptual site model is available. Multiple sensors targeting parameters (major gases and temperature influenced by soil moisture) relevant to the subsurface NSZD biodegradation processes are shown to offer the potential to map subsurface processes spatially and temporally and provide continuous estimates of degradation rates for management decisions, constrained by a computational platform of the key processes. Current limitations and gaps in technologies and knowledge are highlighted specific to the case study. More generally, additional key advances required to achieve autonomous sensing of subsurface soil and groundwater pollutants are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg B Davis
- CSIRO Land and Water, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, Western Australia, 6014, Australia.
| | - John L Rayner
- CSIRO Land and Water, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, Western Australia, 6014, Australia
| | - Michael J Donn
- CSIRO Land and Water, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, Western Australia, 6014, Australia
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19
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Lin X, Luo J, Liao M, Su Y, Lv M, Li Q, Xiao S, Xiang J. Wearable Sensor-Based Monitoring of Environmental Exposures and the Associated Health Effects: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1131. [PMID: 36551098 PMCID: PMC9775571 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in sensor technology have facilitated the development and use of personalized sensors in monitoring environmental factors and the associated health effects. No studies have reviewed the research advancement in examining population-based health responses to environmental exposure via portable sensors/instruments. This study aims to review studies that use portable sensors to measure environmental factors and health responses while exploring the environmental effects on health. With a thorough literature review using two major English databases (Web of Science and PubMed), 24 eligible studies were included and analyzed out of 16,751 total records. The 24 studies include 5 on physical factors, 19 on chemical factors, and none on biological factors. The results show that particles were the most considered environmental factor among all of the physical, chemical, and biological factors, followed by total volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Heart rate and heart rate variability were the most considered health indicators among all cardiopulmonary outcomes, followed by respiratory function. The studies mostly had a sample size of fewer than 100 participants and a study period of less than a week due to the challenges in accessing low-cost, small, and light wearable sensors. This review guides future sensor-based environmental health studies on project design and sensor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiaying Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Minyan Liao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yalan Su
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mo Lv
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shenglan Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianbang Xiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
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FitzGerald LI, Olorunyomi JF, Singh R, Doherty CM. Towards Solving the PFAS Problem: The Potential Role of Metal-Organic Frameworks. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201136. [PMID: 35843909 PMCID: PMC9804497 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of recalcitrant molecules that have been used since the 1940s in a variety of applications. They are now linked to a host of negative health outcomes and are extremely resistant to degradation under environmental conditions. Currently, membrane technologies or adsorbents are used to remediate contaminated water. These techniques are either inefficient at capturing smaller PFAS molecules, have high energy demands, or result in concentrated waste that must be incinerated at high temperatures. This Review focuses on what role metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) may play in addressing the PFAS problem. Specifically, how the unique properties of MOFs such as their well-defined pore sizes, ultra-high internal surface area, and tunable surface chemistry may be a sustainable solution for PFAS contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruhani Singh
- CSIRO ManufacturingPrivate Bag 10Clayton South3169VictoriaAustralia
| | - Cara M. Doherty
- CSIRO ManufacturingPrivate Bag 10Clayton South3169VictoriaAustralia
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21
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Kidd J, Fabricatore E, Jackson D. Current and future federal and state sampling guidance for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in environmental matrices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155523. [PMID: 35504374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of emerging contaminants composed of an estimated 5000 to 10,000 human-made, fluorinated, organic chemicals. Due to the complexity of PFAS, the need for multiple environmental matrix considerations and the absence of a promulgated federal standard for environmental sampling and analysis, U.S. states have begun developing health-based regulatory and/or guidance values for a limited number of PFAS in environmental matrices. As there is a growing body of science to inform PFAS sampling guidance standard development, it is important to understand which U.S. states are implementing sampling guidelines and how they plan to handle emerging PFAS. This critical review discusses the current and impending federal and state sampling guidelines for PFAS in environmental matrices, the data gaps surrounding PFAS sampling guidance in U.S. states, and the future impacts of impending guidance documents and regulations. Ten federal guidance documents are available for PFAS sampling guidance and analysis. The maximum number of PFAS covered in these guidance documents is 25 analytes spanning across 8 unique media. While the EPA has developed several different sampling and analytical guidelines for PFAS, there is no formal regulation of PFAS or requirements of states to enforce these guidelines. As a result, only 31 states have informally adopted sampling guidelines, while the other 19 states have no guidance documentation in place for PFAS. The introduction of new PFAS sampling guidelines by the EPA, as well as updated analytical guidelines that target more PFAS or total organofluoride, is expected to continuously shift the landscape of federal and state guidance for PFAS sampling moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Kidd
- Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
| | - Emily Fabricatore
- Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
| | - Dennis Jackson
- Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL), Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
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22
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Ambaye TG, Vaccari M, Prasad S, Rtimi S. Recent progress and challenges on the removal of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from contaminated soil and water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58405-58428. [PMID: 35754080 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, due to an increase in urbanization and industrialization around the world, a large volume of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) containing materials such as aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), protective coatings, landfill leachates, and wastewater are produced. Most of the polluted wastewaters are left untreated and discharged into the environment, which causes high environmental risks, a threat to human beings, and hampered socioeconomic growth. Developing sustainable alternatives for removing PFAS from contaminated soil and water has attracted more attention from policymakers and scientists worldwide under various conditions. This paper reviews the recent emerging technologies for the degradation or sorption of PFAS to treat contaminated soil and water. It highlights the mechanisms involved in removing these persistent contaminants at a molecular level. Recent advances in developing nanostructured and advanced reduction remediation materials, challenges, and perspectives in the future are also discussed. Among the variety of nanomaterials, modified nano-sized iron oxides are the best sorbents materials due to their specific surface area and photogenerated holes and appear extremely promising in the remediation of PFAS from contaminated soil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Global Institute for Water, Environment and Health, CH-1201, Geneva, Switzerland.
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23
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Microwell Fluoride Screen for Chemical, Enzymatic, and Cellular Reactions Reveals Latent Microbial Defluorination Capacity for -CF 3 Groups. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0028822. [PMID: 35435713 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00288-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity to defluorinate polyfluorinated organic compounds is a rare phenotype in microbes but is increasingly considered important for maintaining the environment. New discoveries will be greatly facilitated by the ability to screen many natural and engineered microbes in a combinatorial manner against large numbers of fluorinated compounds simultaneously. Here, we describe a low-volume, high-throughput screening method to determine defluorination capacity of microbes and their enzymes. The method is based on selective binding of fluoride to a lanthanum chelate complex that gives a purple-colored product. It was miniaturized to determine biodefluorination in 96-well microtiter plates by visual inspection or robotic handling and spectrophotometry. Chemicals commonly used in microbiological studies were examined to define usable buffers and reagents. Base-catalyzed, purified enzyme and whole-cell defluorination reactions were demonstrated with fluoroatrazine and showed correspondence between the microtiter assay and a fluoride electrode. For discovering new defluorination reactions and mechanisms, a chemical library of 63 fluorinated compounds was screened in vivo with Pseudomonas putida F1 in microtiter well plates. These data were also calibrated against a fluoride electrode. Our new method revealed 21 new compounds undergoing defluorination. A compound with four fluorine substituents, 4-fluorobenzotrifluoride, was shown to undergo defluorination to the greatest extent. The mechanism of its defluorination was studied to reveal a latent microbial propensity to defluorinate trifluoromethylphenyl groups, a moiety that is commonly incorporated into numerous pharmaceutical and agricultural chemicals. IMPORTANCE Thousands of organofluorine chemicals are known, and a number are considered to be persistent and toxic environmental pollutants. Environmental bioremediation methods are avidly being sought, but few bacteria biodegrade fluorinated chemicals. To find new organofluoride biodegradation, a rapid screening method was developed. The method is versatile, monitoring chemical, enzymatic, and whole-cell biodegradation. Biodegradation of organofluorine compounds invariably releases fluoride anions, which was sensitively detected. Our method uncovered 21 new microbial defluorination reactions. A general mechanism was delineated for the biodegradation of trifluoromethylphenyl groups that are increasingly being used in drugs and pesticides.
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Garg S, Kumar P, Greene GW, Mishra V, Avisar D, Sharma RS, Dumée LF. Nano-enabled sensing of per-/poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aqueous systems - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114655. [PMID: 35131704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Per-/poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are an emerging class of environmental contaminants used as an additive across various commodity and fire-retardant products, for their unique thermo-chemical stability, and to alter their surface properties towards selective liquid repellence. These properties also make PFAS highly persistent and mobile across various environmental compartments, leading to bioaccumulation, and causing acute ecotoxicity at all trophic levels particularly to human populations, thus increasing the need for monitoring at their repositories or usage sites. In this review, current nano-enabled methods towards PFAS sensing and its monitoring in wastewater are critically discussed and benchmarked against conventional detection methods. The discussion correlates the materials' properties to the sensitivity, responsiveness, and reproducibility of the sensing performance for nano-enabled sensors in currently explored electrochemical, spectrophotometric, colorimetric, optical, fluorometric, and biochemical with limits of detection of 1.02 × 10-6 μg/L, 2.8 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 0.13 μg/L, 6.0 × 10-5 μg/L, and 4.141 × 10-7 μg/L respectively. The cost-effectiveness of sensing platforms plays an important role in the on-site analysis success and upscalability of nano-enabled sensors. Environmental monitoring of PFAS is a step closer to PFAS remediation. Electrochemical and biosensing methods have proven to be the most reliable tools for future PFAS sensing endeavors with very promising detection limits in an aqueous matrix, short detection times, and ease of fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafali Garg
- University of Delhi, Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- University of Delhi, Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, India
| | - George W Greene
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vandana Mishra
- University of Delhi, Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, India; University of Delhi, Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability, Institute of Eminence, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Dror Avisar
- Tel Aviv University, School for Environmental and Earth Sciences, Water Research Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- University of Delhi, Bioresources and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Studies, India; University of Delhi, Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability, Institute of Eminence, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Khalifa University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Khalifa University, Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Khalifa University, Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and Hydrogen, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Lei SN, Cong H. Fluorescence detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate in water employing a tetraphenylethylene-derived dual macrocycle BowtieCyclophane. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Park J, Yang KA, Choi Y, Choe JK. Novel ssDNA aptamer-based fluorescence sensor for perfluorooctanoic acid detection in water. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:107000. [PMID: 34991260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely detected environmental contaminants, and there is a great need for development of sensor technologies for rapid and continuous monitoring of PFAS. In this study, we have developed fluorescence based aptasensor that can possibly monitor perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.17 μM. This is first to report the successful isolation of PFAS binding ssDNA aptamers. The obtained aptamer selectively binds PFOA with dissociation constant (KD) of 5.5 μM. Specific aptamer binding sites to PFOA were identified and the length of the fluorinated carbons was a key binding factor rather than the functional group. The aptamer binding to structurally similar PFAS compounds (i.e., perfluorocarboxylic acids and perfluorosulfonic acids with 4-8 carbon chains) was also investigated; the aptamer KD values were 6.5 and 3.3 μM for perfluoroheptanoic acid and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, respectively, while other analogs did not bind to the aptamer. The presence of major inorganic ions and dissolved organic matter had negligible influences on the aptamer performance (<14% at a 10 mM concentration), and the aptamer performance was also robust in real wastewater effluent conditions, with a KD of 7.4 μM for PFOA. Fluorescence-based aptasensor developed in this study is adequate in monitoring PFOA levels in water contaminated with the accident spills and heavy usage of fire-fighting foams near the industrial sites and military bases. More importantly, the study opens up new capability of aptasensors to efficiently monitor the trace amount of various PFAS compounds and other fluorinated alternatives in natural and engineered water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ae Yang
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Yongju Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwon Choe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Y, Darling SB, Chen J. Selectivity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Sensors and Sorbents in Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60789-60814. [PMID: 34911297 PMCID: PMC8719322 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of engineered chemicals that have been widely used in industrial production. PFAS have drawn increasing attention due to their frequent occurrence in the aquatic environment and their toxicity to animals and humans. Developing effective and efficient detection and remediation methods for PFAS in aquatic systems is critical to mitigate ongoing exposure and promote water reuse. Adsorption-based removal is the most common method for PFAS remediation since it avoids hazardous byproducts; in situ sensing technology is a promising approach for PFAS monitoring due to its fast response, easy operation, and portability. This review summarizes current materials and devices that have been demonstrated for PFAS adsorption and sensing. Selectivity, the key factor underlying both sensor and sorbent performance, is discussed by exploring the interactions between PFAS and various probes. Examples of selective probes will be presented and classified by fluorinated groups, cationic groups, and cavitary groups, and their synergistic effects will also be analyzed. This review aims to provide guidance and implication for future material design toward more selective and effective PFAS sensors and sorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Advanced
Materials for Energy-Water Systems Energy Frontier Research Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Seth B. Darling
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Advanced
Materials for Energy-Water Systems Energy Frontier Research Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Junhong Chen
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division and Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Hassan MH, Khan R, Andreescu S. Advances in electrochemical detection methods for measuring contaminants of emerging concerns. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam New York USA
| | - Reem Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam New York USA
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Clarkson University Potsdam New York USA
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29
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Badmus SO, Amusa HK, Oyehan TA, Saleh TA. Environmental risks and toxicity of surfactants: overview of analysis, assessment, and remediation techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62085-62104. [PMID: 34590224 PMCID: PMC8480275 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16483-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This work comprehensively reviewed the toxicity and risks of various surfactants and their degraded products in the environmental matrices, various analytical procedures, and remediation methods for these surfactants. The findings revealed that the elevated concentration of surfactants and their degraded products disrupt microbial dynamics and their important biogeochemical processes, hinder plant-surviving processes and their ecological niche, and retard the human organic and systemic functionalities. The enormous adverse effects of surfactants on health and the environment necessitate the need to develop, select, and advance the various analytical and assessment techniques to achieve effective identification and quantification of several surfactants in different environmental matrices. Considering the presence of surfactants in trace concentration and environmental matrices, excellent analysis can only be achieved with appropriate extraction, purification, and preconcentration. Despite these pre-treatment procedures, the chromatographic technique is the preferred analytical technique considering its advancement and shortcomings of other techniques. In the literature, the choice or selection of remediation techniques for surfactants depends largely on eco-friendliness, cost-implications, energy requirements, regeneration potential, and generated sludge composition and volume. Hence, the applications of foam fractionation, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes, thermophilic aerobic membranes reactors, and advanced adsorbents are impressive in the clean-up of the surfactants in the environment. This article presents a compendium of knowledge on environmental toxicity and risks, analytical techniques, and remediation methods of surfactants as a guide for policymakers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaibu O Badmus
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein K Amusa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajudeen A Oyehan
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfik A Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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30
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Chen B, Yang Z, Qu X, Zheng S, Yin D, Fu H. Screening and Discrimination of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Aqueous Solution Using a Luminescent Metal-Organic Framework Sensor Array. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47706-47716. [PMID: 34605622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The extensive production and large-scale use of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have raised their presence in aquatic environments worldwide. Thus, the facile and reliable screening of PFASs in aqueous systems is of great significance. Herein, we designed a novel fluorescent sensor array for the rapid screening and discrimination of multiple PFASs in water. The sensor array comprised three highly stable zirconium porphyrinic luminescent metal-organic frameworks (i.e., PCNs) with different topological structures. The sensing mechanism was based on the static fluorescence quenching of PCNs by PFASs upon their adsorptive interactions. The fluorescence response patterns were characteristic for each PFAS because of their different adsorption affinities toward different PCNs. Through the interpretation of response patterns by statistical methods, the proposed PCN array successfully discriminated six different kinds of PFASs, each PFAS at different concentrations and PFAS mixtures at different molar ratios. The practicability of this array was further verified by effectively discriminating PFASs in two real water samples. Remarkably, the PCN sensors exhibited a very short response time toward PFASs (within 10 s) due to the ordered pore structure allowing fast PFAS diffusion. This study not only provides a facile method for rapid PFAS screening in waters but also broadens the application of luminescent metal-organic frameworks and array techniques in sensing fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Zhengshuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Shourong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
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Ng C, Cousins IT, DeWitt JC, Glüge J, Goldenman G, Herzke D, Lohmann R, Miller M, Patton S, Scheringer M, Trier X, Wang Z. Addressing Urgent Questions for PFAS in the 21st Century. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:12755-12765. [PMID: 34519210 PMCID: PMC8590733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fundamental obstacles remain to addressing worldwide contamination by these chemicals and their associated impacts on environmental quality and health. Here, we propose six urgent questions relevant to science, technology, and policy that must be tackled to address the "PFAS problem": (1) What are the global production volumes of PFAS, and where are PFAS used? (2) Where are the unknown PFAS hotspots in the environment? (3) How can we make measuring PFAS globally accessible? (4) How can we safely manage PFAS-containing waste? (5) How do we understand and describe the health effects of PFAS exposure? (6) Who pays the costs of PFAS contamination? The importance of each question and barriers to progress are briefly described, and several potential paths forward are proposed. Given the diversity of PFAS and their uses, the extreme persistence of most PFAS, the striking ongoing lack of fundamental information, and the inequity of the health and environmental impacts from PFAS contamination, there is a need for scientific and regulatory communities to work together, with cooperation from PFAS-related industries, to fill in critical data gaps and protect human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ng
- Departments of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Ian T. Cousins
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jamie C. DeWitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834 USA
| | - Juliane Glüge
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dorte Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway, and Institute for Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 TromsH, Norway
| | - Rainer Lohmann
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - Mark Miller
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science and U.S. Public Health Service, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Sharyle Patton
- Health and Environment Program, Commonweal, Bolinas, California 94924, United States
| | - Martin Scheringer
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- RECETOX, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Xenia Trier
- European Environment Agency, Kgs Nytorv 6, DK - 1050 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- Chair of Ecological Systems Design, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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32
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Hemida M, Ghiasvand A, Gupta V, Coates LJ, Gooley AA, Wirth HJ, Haddad PR, Paull B. Small-Footprint, Field-Deployable LC/MS System for On-Site Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Soil. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12032-12040. [PMID: 34436859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging environmental pollutants of global concern. For rapid field site evaluation, there are very few sensitive, field-deployable analytical techniques. In this work, a portable lightweight capillary liquid chromatography (capLC) system was coupled with a small footprint portable mass spectrometer and configured for field-based applications. Further, an at-site ultrasound-assisted extraction (pUAE) methodology was developed and applied with a portable capLC/mass spectrometry (MS) system for on-site analysis of PFASs in real soil samples. The influential variables on the integration of capLC with MS and on the resolution and signal intensity of the capLC/MS setup were investigated. The important parameters affecting the efficiency of the pUAE method were also studied and optimized using the response surface methodology based on a central composite design. The mean recovery for 11 PFASs ranged between 70 and 110%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 3 to 12%. In-field method sensitivity for 12 PFASs ranged from 0.6 to 0.1 ng/g, with wide dynamic ranges (1-600 ng/g) and excellent linearities (R2 > 0.991). The in-field portable system was benchmarked against a commercial lab-based LC-tandem MS (MS/MS) system for the analysis of PFASs in real soil samples, with the results showing good agreement. When deployed to a field site, 12 PFASs were detected and identified in real soil samples at concentrations ranging from 8.1 ng/g (for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) to 2935.0 ng/g (perfluorohexanesulfonic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hemida
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ghiasvand
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Vipul Gupta
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Lewellwyn J Coates
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Trajan Scientific and Medical, 7 Argent Place, Ringwood, Victoria 3134, Australia
| | - Andrew A Gooley
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Trajan Scientific and Medical, 7 Argent Place, Ringwood, Victoria 3134, Australia
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wirth
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Trajan Scientific and Medical, 7 Argent Place, Ringwood, Victoria 3134, Australia
| | - Paul R Haddad
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
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33
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Yao X, Song NN, Wang J, Zhao X, Cheng MY, Zuo J, Qiu K. Influence of Electrolyte Concentration on Single-Molecule Sensing of Perfluorocarboxylic Acids. Front Chem 2021; 9:732378. [PMID: 34414165 PMCID: PMC8369427 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.732378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) are an emerging class of persistent organic pollutants. During the fabrication process, it is unavoidable to form PFCA homologs or isomers which exhibit distinct occurrence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The precision measurement of PFCAs is therefore of significant importance. However, the existing characterization techniques, such as LC-MS/MS, cannot fully meet the requirement of isomer-specific analysis, largely due to the lack of authentic standards. Single-molecule sensors (SMSs) based on nanopore electrochemistry may be a feasible solution for PFCAs determination, thanks to their ultra-high spatiotemporal resolutions. Hence, as a first step, this work was to elucidate the influence of electrolyte concentration on the four most critical indicators of nanopore measurements, and furthermore, performance of nanopore SMSs. More specifically, three of the most representative short-chain PFCAs, perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), were adopted as the target analytes, aerolysin nanopore was employed as the sensing interface, and 2, 3 and 4 M KCl solutions were used as electrolytes. It was found that, when the concentration of KCl solution increased from 2 to 4 M, the conductance of aerolysin nanopore increased almost linearly at a rate of 0.5 nS per molar KCl within the whole voltage range, the current blockade of PFPeA at -50 mV increased from 61.74 to 66.57% owing to the enhanced steric exclusion effect, the maximum dwell time was more than doubled from 14.5 to 31.5 ms, and the barrier limited capture rate increased by 8.3 times from 0.46 to 3.85 Hz. As a result, when using 4 M KCl as the electrolyte, over 90% of the PFPeA, PFHxA and PFHpA were accurately identified from a mixed sample, and the calculated limit of detection of PFPeA reached 320 nM, more than 24 times lower than in 2 M KCl. It was thus clear that tuning the electrolyte concentration was a simple but very effective approach to improve the performance of nanopore SMSs for PFCAs determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Ning Song
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Cheng
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Zuo
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaipei Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
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