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Li C, Han Y, Zou X, Zhang X, Ran Q, Dong C. A systematic discussion and comparison of the construction methods of synthetic microbial community. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:775-783. [PMID: 39021362 PMCID: PMC11253132 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic microbial community has widely concerned in the fields of agriculture, food and environment over the past few years. However, there is little consensus on the method to synthetic microbial community from construction to functional verification. Here, we review the concept, characteristics, history and applications of synthetic microbial community, summarizing several methods for synthetic microbial community construction, such as isolation culture, core microbiome mining, automated design, and gene editing. In addition, we also systematically summarized the design concepts, technological thresholds, and applicable scenarios of various construction methods, and highlighted their advantages and limitations. Ultimately, this review provides four efficient, detailed, easy-to-understand and -follow steps for synthetic microbial community construction, with major implications for agricultural practices, food production, and environmental governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Li
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Han
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Zou
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingsong Ran
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunbo Dong
- Institute of Fungus Resources, Department of Ecology/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
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2
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Fang X, Liu S, Muhammad B, Zheng M, Ge X, Xu Y, Kan S, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Zheng K, Geng D, Liu CF. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to α-synuclein-related pathology associated with C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2081-2088. [PMID: 38227539 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202409000-00042/figure1/v/2024-01-16T170235Z/r/image-tiff Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Gastrointestinal dysfunction can precede the onset of motor symptoms by several years. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, whether it plays a causal role in motor dysfunction, and the mechanism underlying this potential effect, remain unknown. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β/asparagine endopeptidase (C/EBPβ/AEP) signaling, activated by bacterial endotoxin, can promote α-synuclein transcription, thereby contributing to Parkinson's disease pathology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in C/EBPβ/AEP signaling, α-synuclein-related pathology, and motor symptoms using a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease combined with antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation. We found that rotenone administration resulted in gut microbiota dysbiosis and perturbation of the intestinal barrier, as well as activation of the C/EBP/AEP pathway, α-synuclein aggregation, and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron loss in the substantia nigra in mice with motor deficits. However, treatment with rotenone did not have any of these adverse effects in mice whose gut microbiota was depleted by pretreatment with antibiotics. Importantly, we found that transplanting gut microbiota derived from mice treated with rotenone induced motor deficits, intestinal inflammation, and endotoxemia. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from healthy control mice alleviated rotenone-induced motor deficits, intestinal inflammation, endotoxemia, and intestinal barrier impairment. These results highlight the vital role that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays in inducing motor deficits, C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation, and α-synuclein-related pathology in a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Additionally, our findings suggest that supplementing with healthy microbiota may be a safe and effective treatment that could help ameliorate the progression of motor deficits in patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Fang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bilal Muhammad
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingxuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shu Kan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Li Z, Wan M, Wang M, Duan J, Jiang S. Modulation of gut microbiota on intestinal permeability: A novel strategy for treating gastrointestinal related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112416. [PMID: 38852521 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence emphasizes the critical reciprocity between gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function in maintaining the gastrointestinal homeostasis. Given the fundamental role caused by intestinal permeability, which has been scrutinized as a measurable potential indicator of perturbed barrier function in clinical researches, it seems not surprising that recent decades have been marked by augmented efforts to determine the interaction between intestinal microbes and permeability of the individual. However, despite the significant progress in characterizing intestinal permeability and the commensal bacteria in the intestine, the mechanisms involved are still far from being thoroughly revealed. In the present review, based on multiomic methods, high-throughput sequencing and molecular biology techniques, the impacts of gut microbiota on intestinal permeability as well as their complex interaction networks are systematically summarized. Furthermore, the diseases related to intestinal permeability and main causes of changes in intestinal permeability are briefly introduced. The purpose of this review is to provide a novel prospection to elucidate the correlation between intestinal microbiota and permeability, and to explore a promising solution for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuotong Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meiyu Wan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Duan Y, Yang Y, Zhao S, Bai Y, Yao W, Gao X, Yin J. Crosstalk in extrahepatic and hepatic system in NAFLD/NASH. Liver Int 2024; 44:1856-1871. [PMID: 38717072 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents an extremely progressive form of NAFLD, which, without timely intervention, may progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Presently, a definitive comprehension of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH eludes us, and pharmacological interventions targeting NASH specifically remain constrained. The aetiology of NAFLD encompasses a myriad of external factors including environmental influences, dietary habits and gender disparities. More significantly, inter-organ and cellular interactions within the human body play a role in the development or regression of the disease. In this review, we categorize the influences affecting NAFLD both intra- and extrahepatically, elaborating meticulously on the mechanisms governing the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This exploration delves into progress in aetiology and promising therapeutic targets. As a metabolic disorder, the development of NAFLD involves complexities related to nutrient metabolism, liver-gut axis interactions and insulin resistance, among other regulatory functions of extraneous organs. It further encompasses intra-hepatic interactions among hepatic cells, Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH from a macroscopic standpoint is instrumental in the formulation of future therapies for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuesong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbing Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu L, Li H, Wang Z, Yao X, Xiao W, Yu Y. Exploring the anti-migraine effects of Tianshu capsule: chemical profile, metabolic behavior, and therapeutic mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155766. [PMID: 38865935 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is widely recognized as the third most prevalent medical condition globally. Tianshu capsule (TSC), derived from "Da Chuan Xiong Fang" of the Jin dynasty, is integral in the clinical treatment of migraine. However, the chemical properties and therapeutic mechanisms of TSC different portions remain unclear. PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the effects of TSC different portions (including small molecular TSCP-SM and polysaccharides TSC-P) on migraine and explore the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS First of all, migraine rats were established by nitroglycerin injection and treated with TSC, TSC-P, and TSC-SM. ELISA, qPCR, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the pharmacological effects on migraine rats. Secondly, UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and GC--MS were employed to detect the components of TSC-SM. PMP-HPLC, NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, AFM, and SEM were used for the chemical profiling of polysaccharides. Thirdly, the metabolic behavior profile of TSC-P was characterized by oral administrated fluorescence-labeled TSC-P and detected by NIRF imaging. Finally, the anti-migraine mechanisms were explored by determining the composition of gut microbiota, analyzing colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and examining serum tryptophan-related metabolites. RESULTS Both small molecules (45 volatiles and 114 small molecules) and polysaccharides (including Glc, Ara, Gal, and Gal A) have exhibited effectiveness in alleviating migraine, and this efficacy is associated with reduced CGRP and iNOS levels, along with increased β-EP expressions. Further mechanistic exploration revealed that small-molecules exhibited effectiveness in migraine treatment by exerting antioxidative actions, while polysaccharides demonstrated superior therapeutic effects in regulating 5-HT levels. By monitoring the metabolic behavior of polysaccharides with fluorescent labeling, it was observed that TSC-P exhibited poor absorption. Instead, TSC-P demonstrated its therapeutic effects by modulating the aberrations in gut microbiota (including Alloprevotella, Muribaculaceae_ge, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005), cecum short-chain fatty acids (such as isobutyric, isovaleric, and valeric acids), and serum tryptophan-related metabolites (including indole-3-acetamide, tryptophol, and indole-3-propionic acid). CONCLUSION This research provides innovative insights into chemical composition, metabolic behavior, and proposed anti-migraine mechanisms of TSC from a polarity-based perspective, and pioneering an exploration focused on the polysaccharide components within TSC for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxian Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy ; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China; and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haibo Li
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture and Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture and Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy ; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China; and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory on Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture and Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy ; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China; and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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6
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Lin K, Peng F, He K, Qian Z, Mei X, Su Z, Wujimaiti Y, Xia X, Zhang T. Research progress on intestinal microbiota regulating cognitive function through the gut-brain axis. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:3711-3721. [PMID: 38632176 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota community is a fundamental component of the human body and plays a significant regulatory role in maintaining overall health and in the management disease states.The intestinal microbiota-gut-brain axis represents a vital connection in the cognitive regulation of the central nervous system by the intestinal microbiota.The impact of intestinal microbiota on cognitive function is hypothesized to manifest through both the nervous system and circulatory system. Imbalances in intestinal microbiota during the perioperative period could potentially contribute to perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction. This article concentrates on a review of existing literature to explore the potential influence of intestinal microbiota on brain and cognitive functions via the nervous and circulatory systems.Additionally, it summarizes recent findings on the impact of perioperative intestinal dysbacteriosis on perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and suggests novel approaches for prevention and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Lin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kunyang He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyu Qian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuan Mei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhikun Su
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Xun Xia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tianyao Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital Of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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7
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Dinakis E, O'Donnell JA, Marques FZ. The gut-immune axis during hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14193. [PMID: 38899764 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The gut-immune axis is a relatively novel phenomenon that provides mechanistic links between the gut microbiome and the immune system. A growing body of evidence supports it is key in how the gut microbiome contributes to several diseases, including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Evidence over the past decade supports a causal link of the gut microbiome in hypertension and its complications, including myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and stroke. Perturbations in gut homeostasis such as dysbiosis (i.e., alterations in gut microbial composition) may trigger immune responses that lead to chronic low-grade inflammation and, ultimately, the development and progression of these conditions. This is unsurprising, as the gut harbors one of the largest numbers of immune cells in the body, yet is a phenomenon not entirely understood in the context of cardiometabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of the gut microbiome, the immune system, and inflammation in the context of hypertension and CVD, and consolidate current evidence of this complex interplay, whilst highlighting gaps in the literature. We focus on diet as one of the major modulators of the gut microbiota, and explain key microbial-derived metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide) as potential mediators of the communication between the gut and peripheral organs such as the heart, arteries, kidneys, and the brain via the immune system. Finally, we explore the dual role of both the gut microbiome and the immune system, and how they work together to not only contribute, but also mitigate hypertension and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evany Dinakis
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne A O'Donnell
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Li X, Gao J, Chen W, Liang J, Gao W, Bodjrenou DM, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Farag MA, Cao H, Zheng B. Properties and functions of acylated starch with short-chain fatty acids: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39023856 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2365343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the primary energy source of colonic epithelial cells, but oral SCFAs are digested, absorbed, or degraded before reaching the colon. The acylated starch with SCFAs can be fermented and release specific SCFAs under the action of colonic intestinal microbiota. This review first introduces the preparation method, reaction mechanism, and substitution factors. Second, the structure, physical and chemical properties, in vitro function, and mechanism of acylated starch were expounded. Finally, the application of acylated starch in foods is introduced, and its safety is evaluated, providing a basis for the further development of acylated starch-based foods. The acylated starch obtained by different acylation types and preparation methods is different in particle, molecular, and crystal structures, leading to changes in the function and physicochemical properties. Meanwhile, acylated starch has the functional potential of targeted delivery of SCFAs to the colon, which can increase SCFAs in feces and intestine, selectively regulate the intestinal microbiota, and produce a prebiotic effect conducive to host health. The safety of acetylated starch has been supported by relevant studies, which have been widely used in various food fields and have great potential in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Fujian, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiachen Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - David Mahoudjro Bodjrenou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Baodong Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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Steimle A, Neumann M, Grant ET, Willieme S, De Sciscio A, Parrish A, Ollert M, Miyauchi E, Soga T, Fukuda S, Ohno H, Desai MS. Gut microbial factors predict disease severity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01761-3. [PMID: 39009690 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Gut bacteria are linked to neurodegenerative diseases but the risk factors beyond microbiota composition are limited. Here we used a pre-clinical model of multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), to identify microbial risk factors. Mice with different genotypes and complex microbiotas or six combinations of a synthetic human microbiota were analysed, resulting in varying probabilities of severe neuroinflammation. However, the presence or relative abundances of suspected microbial risk factors failed to predict disease severity. Akkermansia muciniphila, often associated with MS, exhibited variable associations with EAE severity depending on the background microbiota. Significant inter-individual disease course variations were observed among mice harbouring the same microbiota. Evaluation of microbial functional characteristics and host immune responses demonstrated that the immunoglobulin A coating index of certain bacteria before disease onset is a robust individualized predictor of disease development. Our study highlights the need to consider microbial community networks and host-specific bidirectional interactions when aiming to predict severity of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Steimle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mareike Neumann
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Erica T Grant
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stéphanie Willieme
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alessandro De Sciscio
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Amy Parrish
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eiji Miyauchi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mahesh S Desai
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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10
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de Ram C, van der Lugt B, Elzinga J, Geerlings S, Steegenga WT, Belzer C, Schols HA. Revealing Glycosylation Patterns in In Vitro-Produced Mucus Exposed to Pasteurized Mucus-Associated Intestinal Microbes by MALDI-TOF-MS and PGC-LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15345-15356. [PMID: 38932522 PMCID: PMC11247495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The human intestinal mucus layer protects against pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances, whereas it also provides an important colonization niche for mutualistic microbes. The main functional components of mucus are heavily glycosylated proteins, called mucins. Mucins can be cleaved and utilized by intestinal microbes. The mechanisms between intestinal microbes and the regulation of mucin glycosylation are still poorly understood. In this study, in vitro mucus was produced by HT29-MTX-E12 cells under Semi-Wet interface with Mechanical Stimulation. Cells were exposed to pasteurized nonpathogenic bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Bacteroides fragilis to evaluate influence on glycosylation patterns. Following an optimized protocol, O- and N-glycans were efficiently and reproducibly released, identified, and semiquantified using MALDI-TOF-MS and PGC-LC-MS/MS. Exposure of cells to bacteria demonstrated increased diversity of sialylated O-glycans and increased abundance of high mannose N-glycans in in vitro produced mucus. Furthermore, changes in glycan ratios were observed. It is speculated that bacterial components interact with the enzymatic processes in glycan production and that pasteurized bacteria influence glycosyltransferases or genes involved. These results highlight the influence of pasteurized bacteria on glycosylation patterns, stress the intrinsic relationship between glycosylation and microbiota, and show the potential of using in vitro produced mucus to study glycosylation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol de Ram
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Benthe van der Lugt
- Human
Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University
& Research, Stippeneng
4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Elzinga
- Laboratory
of Microbiology, Wageningen University &
Research, Stippeneng
4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon Geerlings
- Laboratory
of Microbiology, Wageningen University &
Research, Stippeneng
4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma T. Steegenga
- Human
Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University
& Research, Stippeneng
4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory
of Microbiology, Wageningen University &
Research, Stippeneng
4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk A. Schols
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Ghezzi H, Fan YM, Ng KM, Burckhardt JC, Pepin DM, Lin X, Ziels RM, Tropini C. PUPpy: a primer design pipeline for substrain-level microbial detection and absolute quantification. mSphere 2024:e0036024. [PMID: 38980072 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00360-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Characterizing microbial communities at high resolution and with absolute quantification is crucial to unravel the complexity and diversity of microbial ecosystems. This can be achieved with PCR assays, which enable highly selective detection and absolute quantification of microbial DNA. However, a major challenge that has hindered PCR applications in microbiome research is the design of highly specific primer sets that exclusively amplify intended targets. Here, we introduce Phylogenetically Unique Primers in python (PUPpy), a fully automated pipeline to design microbe- and group-specific primers within a given microbial community. PUPpy can be executed from a user-friendly graphical user interface, or two simple terminal commands, and it only requires coding sequence files of the community members as input. PUPpy-designed primers enable the detection of individual microbes and quantification of absolute microbial abundance in defined communities below the strain level. We experimentally evaluated the performance of PUPpy-designed primers using two bacterial communities as benchmarks. Each community comprises 10 members, exhibiting a range of genetic similarities that spanned from different phyla to substrains. PUPpy-designed primers also enable the detection of groups of bacteria in an undefined community, such as the detection of a gut bacterial family in a complex stool microbiota sample. Taxon-specific primers designed with PUPpy showed 100% specificity to their intended targets, without unintended amplification, in each community tested. Lastly, we show the absolute quantification of microbial abundance using PUPpy-designed primers in droplet digital PCR, benchmarked against 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing. Our data shows that PUPpy-designed microbe-specific primers can be used to quantify substrain-level absolute counts, providing more resolved and accurate quantification in defined communities than short-read 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing. IMPORTANCE Profiling microbial communities at high resolution and with absolute quantification is essential to uncover hidden ecological interactions within microbial ecosystems. Nevertheless, achieving resolved and quantitative investigations has been elusive due to methodological limitations in distinguishing and quantifying highly related microbes. Here, we describe Phylogenetically Unique Primers in python (PUPpy), an automated computational pipeline to design taxon-specific primers within defined microbial communities. Taxon-specific primers can be used to selectively detect and quantify individual microbes and larger taxa within a microbial community. PUPpy achieves substrain-level specificity without the need for computationally intensive databases and prioritizes user-friendliness by enabling both terminal and graphical user interface applications. Altogether, PUPpy enables fast, inexpensive, and highly accurate perspectives into microbial ecosystems, supporting the characterization of bacterial communities in both in vitro and complex microbiota settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ghezzi
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yiyun M Fan
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katharine M Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Juan C Burckhardt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deanna M Pepin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xuan Lin
- Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan M Ziels
- Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carolina Tropini
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Lee J, Wellenstein K, Rahnavard A, Nelson AT, Holter MM, Cummings BP, Yeliseyev V, Castoldi A, Clish CB, Bry L, Siegel D, Kahn BB. Beneficial metabolic effects of PAHSAs depend on the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese mice but not in chow-fed mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318691121. [PMID: 38968121 PMCID: PMC11252816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318691121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids play an essential role in regulating the function of the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tract, and these luminal interactions contribute to mediating host metabolism. Palmitic Acid Hydroxy Stearic Acids (PAHSAs) are a family of lipids with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, but whether the gut microbiota contributes to their beneficial effects on host metabolism is unknown. Here, we report that treating chow-fed female and male germ-free (GF) mice with PAHSAs improves glucose tolerance, but these effects are lost upon high fat diet (HFD) feeding. However, transfer of feces from PAHSA-treated, but not vehicle-treated, chow-fed conventional mice increases insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed GF mice. Thus, the gut microbiota is necessary for, and can transmit, the insulin-sensitizing effects of PAHSAs in HFD-fed GF male mice. Analyses of the cecal metagenome and lipidome of PAHSA-treated mice identified multiple lipid species that associate with the gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt) and with insulin sensitivity resulting from PAHSA treatment. Supplementing live, and to some degree, heat-killed Bt to HFD-fed female mice prevented weight gain, reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, fortified the colonic mucus barrier and reduced systemic inflammation compared to HFD-fed controls. These effects were not observed in HFD-fed male mice. Furthermore, ovariectomy partially reversed the beneficial Bt effects on host metabolism, indicating a role for sex hormones in mediating the Bt probiotic effects. Altogether, these studies highlight the fact that PAHSAs can modulate the gut microbiota and that the microbiota is necessary for the beneficial metabolic effects of PAHSAs in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Kerry Wellenstein
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Ali Rahnavard
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
| | - Andrew T. Nelson
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Marlena M. Holter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14850
| | - Bethany P. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA95817
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA95616
| | - Vladimir Yeliseyev
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife50670-901, Brazil
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Lynn Bry
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Barbara B. Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
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13
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Schaus SR, Vasconcelos Pereira G, Luis AS, Madlambayan E, Terrapon N, Ostrowski MP, Jin C, Henrissat B, Hansson GC, Martens EC. Ruminococcus torques is a keystone degrader of intestinal mucin glycoprotein, releasing oligosaccharides used by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. mBio 2024:e0003924. [PMID: 38975756 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00039-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Symbiotic interactions between humans and our communities of resident gut microbes (microbiota) play many roles in health and disease. Some gut bacteria utilize mucus as a nutrient source and can under certain conditions damage the protective barrier it forms, increasing disease susceptibility. We investigated how Ruminococcus torques-a known mucin degrader that has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)-degrades mucin glycoproteins or their component O-linked glycans to understand its effects on the availability of mucin-derived nutrients for other bacteria. We found that R. torques utilizes both mucin glycoproteins and released oligosaccharides from gastric and colonic mucins, degrading these substrates with a panoply of mostly constitutively expressed, secreted enzymes. Investigation of mucin oligosaccharide degradation by R. torques revealed strong α-L-fucosidase, sialidase and β1,4-galactosidase activities. There was a lack of detectable sulfatase and weak β1,3-galactosidase degradation, resulting in accumulation of glycans containing these structures on mucin polypeptides. While the Gram-negative symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron grows poorly on mucin glycoproteins, we demonstrate a clear ability of R. torques to liberate products from mucins, making them accessible to B. thetaiotaomicron. This work underscores the diversity of mucin-degrading mechanisms in different bacterial species and the probability that some species are contingent on others for the ability to more fully access mucin-derived nutrients. The ability of R. torques to directly degrade a variety of mucin and mucin glycan structures and unlock released glycans for other species suggests that it is a keystone mucin degrader, which might contribute to its association with IBD.IMPORTANCEAn important facet of maintaining healthy symbiosis between host and intestinal microbes is the mucus layer, the first defense protecting the epithelium from lumenal bacteria. Some gut bacteria degrade the various components of intestinal mucins, but detailed mechanisms used by different species are still emerging. It is imperative to understand these mechanisms as they likely dictate interspecies interactions and may illuminate species associated with bacterial mucus damage and subsequent disease susceptibility. Ruminococcus torques is positively associated with IBD in multiple studies. We identified mucin glycan-degrading enzymes in R. torques and found that it shares mucin degradation products with another species of gut bacteria, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Our findings underscore the importance of understanding mucin degradation mechanisms in different gut bacteria and their consequences on interspecies interactions, which may identify keystone bacteria that disproportionately affect mucus damage and could therefore be key players in effects that result from reductions in mucus integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie R Schaus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Ana S Luis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emily Madlambayan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicolas Terrapon
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Marseille, France
| | - Matthew P Ostrowski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bernard Henrissat
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gunnar C Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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14
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Tan Y, Cao W, Yang L, Gong X, Li H. Structural characterization of the glucan from Gastrodia elata Blume and its ameliorative effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133718. [PMID: 38977052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The polysaccharide glucan was extracted from Gastrodia elata Blume, and its structural characterizations and beneficial effects against acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis were investigated. The results showed that a polysaccharide GP with a molecular weight of 811.0 kDa was isolated from G. elata Blume. It had a backbone of α-D-1,4-linked glucan with branches of α-d-glucose linked to the C-6 position. GP exhibited protective effects against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, and reflected in ameliorating weight loss and pathological damages in mice, increasing colon length, inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), decreasing the levels of inflammatory related proteins NLRP3 and ASC, and elevating the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) level in mouse colon tissues. GP supplementation also reinforced the intestinal barrier by promoting the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and MUC2 of colon tissues, and positively regulated intestinal microbiota. Thus, GP treatment possessed a significant improvement in ulcerative colitis in mice, and it was expected to be developed as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Tan
- Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Key Laboratory of Special Food Processing (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Special Food, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Wanxiu Cao
- Marine biomedical research institute of Qingdao, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Key Laboratory of Special Food Processing (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture Rural Affairs, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Special Food, Qingdao 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xinwei Gong
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China.
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15
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Di Paola FJ, Alquati C, Conti G, Calafato G, Turroni S, D'Amico F, Ceccarelli C, Buttitta F, Bernardi A, Cuicchi D, Poggioli G, Turchetti D, Ferrari S, Cannizzaro R, Realdon S, Brigidi P, Ricciardiello L. Interplay between WNT/PI3K-mTOR axis and the microbiota in APC-driven colorectal carcinogenesis: data from a pilot study and possible implications for CRC prevention. J Transl Med 2024; 22:631. [PMID: 38970018 PMCID: PMC11227240 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signalling impairment accounts for 85% of colorectal cancers (CRCs), including sporadic and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) settings. An altered PI3K/mTOR pathway and gut microbiota also contribute to CRC carcinogenesis. We studied the interplay between the two pathways and the microbiota composition within each step of CRC carcinogenesis. METHODS Proteins and target genes of both pathways were analysed by RT-qPCR and IHC in tissues from healthy faecal immunochemical test positive (FIT+, n = 17), FAP (n = 17) and CRC (n = 15) subjects. CRC-related mutations were analysed through NGS and Sanger. Oral, faecal and mucosal microbiota was profiled by 16 S rRNA-sequencing. RESULTS We found simultaneous hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/mTOR pathways in FAP-lesions compared to CRCs. Wnt/β-catenin molecular markers positively correlated with Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and negatively with Bacteroides in FAP faecal microbiota. Alistipes, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae were enriched in FAP stools and adenomas, the latter also showing an overabundance of Lachnoclostridium, which positively correlated with cMYC. In impaired-mTOR-mutated CRC tissues, p-S6R correlated with Fusobacterium and Dialister, the latter also confirmed in the faecal-ecosystem. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals an interplay between Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/mTOR, whose derangement correlates with specific microbiota signatures in FAP and CRC patients, and identifies new potential biomarkers and targets to improve CRC prevention, early adenoma detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Alquati
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Conti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Calafato
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica D'Amico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Ceccarelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Alice Bernardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dajana Cuicchi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gilberto Poggioli
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Turchetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Ferrari
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Cannizzaro
- Oncological Gastroenterology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Realdon
- Oncological Gastroenterology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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16
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Cui X, Wu Z, Zhou Y, Deng L, Chen Y, Huang H, Sun X, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang L, He J. A bibliometric study of global trends in T1DM and intestinal flora research. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1403514. [PMID: 39027096 PMCID: PMC11254799 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1403514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that seriously jeopardizes human physical and mental health and reduces quality of life. Intestinal flora is one of the critical areas of exploration in T1DM research. Objective This study aims to explore the research hotspot and development trend of T1DM and intestinal flora to provide research direction and ideas for researchers. Methods We used the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection and searched up to 18 November 2023, for articles on studies of the correlation between T1DM and intestinal flora. CiteSpace, VOSviewers and R package "bibliometrix" were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis. Results Eventually, 534 documents met the requirements to be included, and as of 18 November 2023, there was an upward trend in the number of publications in the field, with a significant increase in the number of articles published after 2020. In summary, F Susan Wong (UK) was the author with the most publications (21), the USA was the country with the most publications (198), and the State University System of Florida (the United States) was the institution with the most publications (32). The keywords that appeared more frequently were T cells, fecal transplants, and short-chain fatty acids. The results of keywords with the most robust citation bursts suggest that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and butyrate may become a focus of future research. Conclusion In the future, intestinal flora will remain a research focus in T1DM. Future research can start from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and combine T cells, fecal bacteria transplantation, and short-chain fatty acids to explore the mechanism by which intestinal flora affects blood glucose in patients with T1DM, which may provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Cui
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yangbo Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Longji Deng
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hanqiao Huang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangbin Sun
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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17
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Wielgosz-Grochowska JP, Domanski N, Drywień ME. Identification of SIBO Subtypes along with Nutritional Status and Diet as Key Elements of SIBO Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7341. [PMID: 39000446 PMCID: PMC11242202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a pathology of the small intestine and may predispose individuals to various nutritional deficiencies. Little is known about whether specific subtypes of SIBO, such as the hydrogen-dominant (H+), methane-dominant (M+), or hydrogen/methane-dominant (H+/M+), impact nutritional status and dietary intake in SIBO patients. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between biochemical parameters, dietary nutrient intake, and distinct SIBO subtypes. This observational study included 67 patients who were newly diagnosed with SIBO. Biochemical parameters and diet were studied utilizing laboratory tests and food records, respectively. The H+/M+ group was associated with low serum vitamin D (p < 0.001), low serum ferritin (p = 0.001) and low fiber intake (p = 0.001). The M+ group was correlated with high serum folic acid (p = 0.002) and low intakes of fiber (p = 0.001) and lactose (p = 0.002). The H+ group was associated with low lactose intake (p = 0.027). These results suggest that the subtype of SIBO may have varying effects on dietary intake, leading to a range of biochemical deficiencies. Conversely, specific dietary patterns may predispose one to the development of a SIBO subtype. The assessment of nutritional status and diet, along with the diagnosis of SIBO subtypes, are believed to be key components of SIBO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Domanski
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Małgorzata Ewa Drywień
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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18
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Bonetti L, Horkova V, Grusdat M, Longworth J, Guerra L, Kurniawan H, Franchina DG, Soriano-Baguet L, Binsfeld C, Verschueren C, Spath S, Ewen A, Koncina E, Gérardy JJ, Kobayashi T, Dostert C, Farinelle S, Härm J, Fan YT, Chen Y, Harris IS, Lang PA, Vasiliou V, Waisman A, Letellier E, Becher B, Mittelbronn M, Brenner D. A Th17 cell-intrinsic glutathione/mitochondrial-IL-22 axis protects against intestinal inflammation. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00235-3. [PMID: 38986617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal tract generates significant reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the role of T cell antioxidant mechanisms in maintaining intestinal homeostasis is poorly understood. We used T cell-specific ablation of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclc), which impaired glutathione (GSH) production, crucially reducing IL-22 production by Th17 cells in the lamina propria, which is critical for gut protection. Under steady-state conditions, Gclc deficiency did not alter cytokine secretion; however, C. rodentium infection induced increased ROS and disrupted mitochondrial function and TFAM-driven mitochondrial gene expression, resulting in decreased cellular ATP. These changes impaired the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, reducing phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and consequently limiting IL-22 translation. The resultant low IL-22 levels led to poor bacterial clearance, severe intestinal damage, and high mortality. Our findings highlight a previously unrecognized, essential role of Th17 cell-intrinsic GSH in promoting mitochondrial function and cellular signaling for IL-22 protein synthesis, which is critical for intestinal integrity and defense against gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Bonetti
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Veronika Horkova
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Melanie Grusdat
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph Longworth
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Luana Guerra
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Henry Kurniawan
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Davide G Franchina
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Leticia Soriano-Baguet
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Carole Binsfeld
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Charlène Verschueren
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sabine Spath
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Inflammation Research, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Anouk Ewen
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Eric Koncina
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Jacques Gérardy
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Takumi Kobayashi
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Catherine Dostert
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Farinelle
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Janika Härm
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Yu-Tong Fan
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Inflammation Research, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg; Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Cancer Research (DoCR), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Department of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7, Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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19
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Sardar P, Almeida A, Pedicord VA. Integrating functional metagenomics to decipher microbiome-immune interactions. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38952337 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites can be viewed as the cytokines of the microbiome, transmitting information about the microbial and metabolic environment of the gut to orchestrate and modulate local and systemic immune responses. Still, many immunology studies focus solely on the taxonomy and community structure of the gut microbiota rather than its functions. Early sequencing-based microbiota profiling approaches relied on PCR amplification of small regions of bacterial and fungal genomes to facilitate identification of the microbes present. However, recent microbiome analysis methods, particularly shotgun metagenomic sequencing, now enable culture-independent profiling of microbiome functions and metabolites in addition to taxonomic characterization. In this review, we showcase recent advances in functional metagenomics methods and applications and discuss the current limitations and potential avenues for future development. Importantly, we highlight a few examples of key areas of opportunity in immunology research where integrating functional metagenomic analyses of the microbiome can substantially enhance a mechanistic understanding of microbiome-immune interactions and their contributions to health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puspendu Sardar
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexandre Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Biological Sciences, Cambridge, UK
| | - Virginia A Pedicord
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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20
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Yan Z, Yeo J. Competing mechanisms in bacterial invasion of human colon mucus probed with agent-based modeling. Biophys J 2024; 123:1838-1845. [PMID: 38824388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a vast community of microorganisms, termed the gut microbiota. Large colonies can pose a health threat, but the gastrointestinal mucus system protects epithelial cells from microbiota invasion. The human colon features a bilayer of mucus lining. Due to imbalances in intestinal homeostasis, bacteria may successfully penetrate the inner mucus layer, which can lead to severe gut diseases. However, it is hard to tease apart the competing mechanisms that lead to this penetration. To probe the conditions that permit bacteria penetration into the inner mucus layer, we develop an agent-based model consisting of bacteria and an inner mucus layer subject to a constant flux of nutrient fields feeding the bacteria. We find that there are three important variables that determine bacterial invasion: the bacterial reproduction rate, the contact energy between bacteria and mucus, and the rate of bacteria degrading the mucus. Under healthy conditions, all bacteria are naturally eliminated by the constant removal of mucus. In diseased states, imbalances between the rates of bacterial degradation and mucus secretion lead to bacterial invasion at certain junctures. We conduct uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis to compare the relative impact between these parameters. The contact energy has the strongest influence on bacterial penetration, which, in combination with bacterial degradation rate and growth rate, greatly accelerates bacterial invasion of the human gut mucus lining. Our findings will serve as predictive indicators for the etiology of intestinal diseases and highlight important considerations when developing gut therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Yan
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jingjie Yeo
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
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21
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Xu Q, Sun L, Chen Q, Jiao C, Wang Y, Li H, Xie J, Zhu F, Wang J, Zhang W, Xie L, Wu H, Zuo Z, Chen X. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to depression-like behaviors via hippocampal NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in a postpartum depression mouse model. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:220-235. [PMID: 38599497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe mental disorder that affects approximately 10---20% of women after childbirth. The precise mechanism underlying PPD pathogenesis remains elusive, thus limiting the development of therapeutics. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is considered to contribute to major depressive disorder. However, the associations between gut microbiota and PPD remain unanswered. Here, we established a mouse PPD model by sudden ovarian steroid withdrawal after hormone-simulated pseudopregnancy-human (HSP-H) in ovariectomy (OVX) mouse. Ovarian hormone withdrawal induced depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors and an altered gut microbiota composition. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from PPD mice to antibiotic cocktail-treated mice induced depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors and neuropathological changes in the hippocampus of the recipient mice. FMT from healthy mice to PPD mice attenuated the depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors as well as the inflammation mediated by the NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP)-3/caspase-1 signaling pathway both in the gut and the hippocampus, increased fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels and alleviated gut dysbiosis with increased SCFA-producing bacteria and reduced Akkermansia in the PPD mice. Also, downregulation of NLRP3 in the hippocampus mitigated depression-like behaviors in PPD mice and overexpression of NLRP3 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus induced depression-like behaviors in naïve female mice. Intriguingly, FMT from healthy mice failed to alleviate depression-like behaviors in PPD mice with NLRP3 overexpression in the hippocampus. Our results highlighted the NLRP3 inflammasome as a key component within the microbiota-gut-brain axis, suggesting that targeting the gut microbiota may be a therapeutic strategy for PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Lihong Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Cuicui Jiao
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Jiaqian Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Jiangling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Linghua Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Zhiyi Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
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22
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Francini E, Orlandoni P, Sparvoli D, Jukic Peladic N, Cardelli M, Recchioni R, Silvi S, Stocchi V, Donati Zeppa S, Procopio AD, Capalbo M, Lattanzio F, Olivieri F, Marchegiani F. Possible Role of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) and Antibiotic Administration in Modulating Human Gut Microbiota in Home Enteral Nutrition Therapy for the Elderly: A Case Report. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7115. [PMID: 39000220 PMCID: PMC11240908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) increases the influx of primary bile acids into the gut. Results obtained on animal models suggested that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla are more resistant to bile acids in rats. As part of a pilot study investigating the role of probiotics supplementation in elderly people with home enteral nutrition (HEN), a case of a 92-year-old woman with HEN is reported in the present study. She lives in a nursing home and suffers from Alzheimer's disease (AD); the patient had been prescribed TUDCA for lithiasis cholangitis. The aim of this case report is therefore to investigate whether long-term TUDCA administration may play a role in altering the patient's gut microbiota (GM) and the impact of an antibiotic therapy on the diversity of microbial species. Using next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene a dominant shift toward Firmicutes and a remodeling in Proteobacteria abundance was observed in the woman's gut microbiota. Considering the patient's age, health status and type of diet, we would have expected to find a GM with a prevalence of Bacteroidetes phylum. This represents the first study investigating the possible TUDCA's effect on human GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Francini
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (R.R.); (A.D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Paolo Orlandoni
- Clinical Nutrition, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy; (P.O.); (D.S.); (N.J.P.)
| | - Debora Sparvoli
- Clinical Nutrition, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy; (P.O.); (D.S.); (N.J.P.)
| | | | - Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (F.O.)
| | - Rina Recchioni
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (R.R.); (A.D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Stefania Silvi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Telematic University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (R.R.); (A.D.P.); (F.M.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Capalbo
- General Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy;
| | | | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.C.); (F.O.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Marchegiani
- Clinic of Laboratory and Precision Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (R.R.); (A.D.P.); (F.M.)
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23
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O'Sullivan D, Arora T, Durif C, Uriot O, Brun M, Riu M, Foguet-Romero E, Samarra I, Domingo-Almenara X, Gahan CGM, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S. Impact of Western Diet on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Colonization in the Human In Vitro Mucosal Artificial Colon as Mediated by Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:2046. [PMID: 38999794 PMCID: PMC11243482 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a major food-borne pathogen that causes human disease ranging from diarrhea to life-threatening complications. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the Western diet enhances the susceptibility to enteric infection in mice, but the effect of diet on EHEC colonization and the role of human gut microbiota remains unknown. Our research aimed to investigate the effects of a Standard versus a Western diet on EHEC colonization in the human in vitro Mucosal ARtificial COLon (M-ARCOL) and the associated changes in the gut microbiota composition and activities. After donor selection using simplified fecal batch experiments, two M-ARCOL bioreactors were inoculated with a human fecal sample (n = 4) and were run in parallel, one receiving a Standard diet, the other a Western diet and infected with EHEC O157:H7 strain EDL933. EHEC colonization was dependent on the donor and diet in the luminal samples, but was maintained in the mucosal compartment without elimination, suggesting a favorable niche for the pathogen, and may act as a reservoir. The Western diet also impacted the bacterial short-chain fatty acid and bile acid profiles, with a possible link between high butyrate concentrations and prolonged EHEC colonization. The work demonstrates the application of a complex in vitro model to provide insights into diet, microbiota, and pathogen interactions in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah O'Sullivan
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Trisha Arora
- Centre for Omics Sciences (COS), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia & Rovira i Virgili University Joint Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Computational Metabolomics for Systems Biology Lab, Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claude Durif
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Morgane Brun
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc Riu
- Centre for Omics Sciences (COS), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia & Rovira i Virgili University Joint Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Foguet-Romero
- Centre for Omics Sciences (COS), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia & Rovira i Virgili University Joint Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Iris Samarra
- Centre for Omics Sciences (COS), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia & Rovira i Virgili University Joint Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Xavier Domingo-Almenara
- Centre for Omics Sciences (COS), Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia & Rovira i Virgili University Joint Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Computational Metabolomics for Systems Biology Lab, Eurecat-Technology Centre of Catalonia, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cormac G M Gahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Raba G, Luis AS, Schneider H, Morell I, Jin C, Adamberg S, Hansson GC, Adamberg K, Arike L. Metaproteomics reveals parallel utilization of colonic mucin glycans and dietary fibers by the human gut microbiota. iScience 2024; 27:110093. [PMID: 38947523 PMCID: PMC11214529 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A diet lacking dietary fibers promotes the expansion of gut microbiota members that can degrade host glycans, such as those on mucins. The microbial foraging on mucin has been associated with disruptions of the gut-protective mucus layer and colonic inflammation. Yet, it remains unclear how the co-utilization of mucin and dietary fibers affects the microbiota composition and metabolic activity. Here, we used 14 dietary fibers and porcine colonic and gastric mucins to study the dynamics of mucin and dietary fiber utilization by the human fecal microbiota in vitro. Combining metaproteome and metabolites analyses revealed the central role of the Bacteroides genus in the utilization of complex fibers together with mucin while Akkermansia muciniphila was the main utilizer of sole porcine colonic mucin but not gastric mucin. This study gives a broad overview of the colonic environment in response to dietary and host glycan availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grete Raba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ana S. Luis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannah Schneider
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Indrek Morell
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Signe Adamberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Gunnar C. Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaarel Adamberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Liisa Arike
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
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25
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Almahareeq M, Hamdan M, Vanoh D, Shawarb N, Herbawi J, Shawar E, Al-Wohoush R, Mohtaseb M, Badrasawi M. Comparison of premenstrual symptoms, psychological well-being, and nutritional status between Palestinian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case-control study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:360. [PMID: 38907183 PMCID: PMC11191327 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a widely seen reproductive and endocrinological disorder. PCOS can exert substantial effects on many aspects of an individual's life, including reproductive health and psychological well-being. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status, premenstrual syndrome, and mental health of women affected by PCOS in comparison to women without PCOS. METHODOLOGY A case-control observational study in Palestine included 100 PCOS patients and 200 healthy women. The collected data included socio-demographic information, medical history, premenstrual syndrome, mental health, nutritional status, and lifestyle. Anthropometric measurement and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) were used to evaluate the nutritional status. The General Health Questionnaire (12-GHQ) was used to evaluate the state of mental health. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) severity was evaluated using a validated Arabic premenstrual syndrome questionnaire. RESULTS The study's findings indicated that there was a statistically significant increase in the three dimensions of PMS among participants with PCOS, p < 0.05. Similarly, PCOS patients demonstrated elevated ratings across all aspects of mental health, p < 0.05. In terms of the other variables, it has been observed that PCOS patients have a notably greater prevalence of perceived sleep disturbances and decreased adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Regression analysis revealed that PCOS is associated with mental health problems indicated by a higher GHQ score (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03; 1.16, p < 0.05), lower adherence to the MD diet (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76; 0.98, p < 0.05), and pre-menstrual syndrome, especially the physical symptoms (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.003; 1.12, p < 0.05) after adjusting for age, smoking, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSION The study has linked polycystic ovary syndrome to negative mental health outcomes and an increased severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Additional investigation is required in order to establish a causal association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and lifestyle behaviors within the Palestinian population. Intervention and instructional studies are necessary to investigate the efficacy of management strategies in alleviating the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on both physical and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Almahareeq
- Faculty of Medicine and health sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - May Hamdan
- Department of Health professions, Program of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Divya Vanoh
- Program of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nuha Shawarb
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, PO. Box 7, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Jana Herbawi
- Department of Health professions, Program of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Eman Shawar
- Department of Health professions, Program of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Raneen Al-Wohoush
- Department of Health professions, Program of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Manar Mohtaseb
- Department of Health professions, Program of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, PO. Box 7, West Bank, Palestine.
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26
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Jegatheesan T, Moorthy AS, Eberl HJ. A mathematical model of competition between fiber and mucin degraders in the gut provides a possible explanation for mucus thinning. J Theor Biol 2024; 587:111824. [PMID: 38604595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota relies on complex carbohydrates (glycans) for energy and growth, primarily dietary fiber and host-derived mucins. We introduce a mathematical model of a glycan generalist and a mucin specialist in a two-compartment chemostat model of the human colon. Our objective is to characterize the influence of dietary fiber and mucin supply on the abundance of mucin-degrading species within the gut ecosystem. Current mathematical gut reactor models that include the enzymatic degradation of glycans do not differentiate between glycan types and their degraders. The model we present distinguishes between a generalist that can degrade both dietary fiber and mucin, and a specialist species that can only degrade mucin. The integrity of the colonic mucus barrier is essential for overall human health and well-being, with the mucin specialist Akkermanisa muciniphila being associated with a healthy mucus layer. Competition, particularly between the specialist and generalists like Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, may lead to mucus layer erosion, especially during periods of dietary fiber deprivation. Our model treats the colon as a gut reactor system, dividing it into two compartments that represent the lumen and the mucus of the gut, resulting in a complex system of ordinary differential equations with a large and uncertain parameter space. To understand the influence of model parameters on long-term behavior, we employ a random forest classifier, a supervised machine learning method. Additionally, a variance-based sensitivity analysis is utilized to determine the sensitivity of steady-state values to changes in model parameter inputs. By constructing this model, we can investigate the underlying mechanisms that control gut microbiota composition and function, free from confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulasi Jegatheesan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
| | - Arun S Moorthy
- Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Department of Forensic Science, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, K9L 0G2, ON, Canada
| | - Hermann J Eberl
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada; Biophysics Interdepartmental Group, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada.
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27
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Zhang S, Xiao X, Yi Y, Wang X, Zhu L, Shen Y, Lin D, Wu C. Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:149. [PMID: 38890350 PMCID: PMC11189549 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process, with oncogenic mutations in a normal cell conferring clonal advantage as the initial event. However, despite pervasive somatic mutations and clonal expansion in normal tissues, their transformation into cancer remains a rare event, indicating the presence of additional driver events for progression to an irreversible, highly heterogeneous, and invasive lesion. Recently, researchers are emphasizing the mechanisms of environmental tumor risk factors and epigenetic alterations that are profoundly influencing early clonal expansion and malignant evolution, independently of inducing mutations. Additionally, clonal evolution in tumorigenesis reflects a multifaceted interplay between cell-intrinsic identities and various cell-extrinsic factors that exert selective pressures to either restrain uncontrolled proliferation or allow specific clones to progress into tumors. However, the mechanisms by which driver events induce both intrinsic cellular competency and remodel environmental stress to facilitate malignant transformation are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the genetic, epigenetic, and external driver events, and their effects on the co-evolution of the transformed cells and their ecosystem during tumor initiation and early malignant evolution. A deeper understanding of the earliest molecular events holds promise for translational applications, predicting individuals at high-risk of tumor and developing strategies to intercept malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaosen Zhang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglin Yi
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrong Shen
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- CAMS Oxford Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100006, Beijing, China.
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28
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Chen Y, Song L, Chen M, Huang Y, Wang Z, Ren Z, Xu J. Pediococcus pentosaceus MIANGUAN2 Alleviates Influenza Virus Infection by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Enhancing Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production. Nutrients 2024; 16:1923. [PMID: 38931277 PMCID: PMC11206567 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza, a severe respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, has long been a prominent threat to human health. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that oral administration with probiotics may increase the immune response to lung infection via the gut-lung axis leading to the alleviation of the pulmonary disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of oral administration of Pediococcus pentosaceus MIANGUAN2 (MIANGUAN2) on influenza infection in a mouse model. Our results showed that oral administration of MIANGUAN2 significantly improved weight loss, lung index, and lung pathology, and decreased lung viral load of influenza-infected mice. Additionally, MIANGUAN2-treated mice showed significantly lower levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-12p70 and higher production of IL-4 in the lung. In accordance with this, the transcriptome analysis of the lung indicated that MIANGUAN2-treated mice had reduced expression of inflammation markers, such as TNF, apoptosis, and the NF-Kappa B pathway. Furthermore, the administration of MIANGUAN2 restored the SCFAs profiles through regulating the gut microbiota. SCFA-producing bacteria, such as p_Firmicutes, f_Lachnospiraceae, and f_Ruminococcaceae, were enriched in the MIANGUAN2-treated group compared with PBS-treated group. Consistently, the concentrations of SCFAs in the MIANGUAN2 group were significantly higher than those in the PBS-treated group. In addition, the concentrations of SCFAs were positively correlated with SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, while being negatively correlated with the virial titers and proinflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, this animal study suggests that Pediococcus pentosaceus MIANGUAN2 may alleviate the influenza infection by altering the gut microbiota composition and increasing the levels of gut microbiota-derived SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liqiong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mengshan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Institute of Public Health, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuanming Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhihuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
- Institute of Public Health, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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29
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Lou X, Li P, Luo X, Lei Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Gao L, Xu W, Liu X. Dietary patterns interfere with gut microbiota to combat obesity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1387394. [PMID: 38953044 PMCID: PMC11215203 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1387394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders are global epidemics that occur when there is chronic energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. Growing evidence suggests that healthy dietary patterns not only decrease the risk of obesity but also influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Numerous studies manifest that the development of obesity is associated with gut microbiota. One promising supplementation strategy is modulating gut microbiota composition by dietary patterns to combat obesity. In this review, we discuss the changes of gut microbiota in obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, with a particular emphasis on the impact of dietary components on gut microbiota and how common food patterns can intervene in gut microbiota to prevent obesity. While there is promise in intervening with the gut microbiota to combat obesity through the regulation of dietary patterns, numerous key questions remain unanswered. In this review, we critically review the associations between dietary patterns, gut microbes, and obesity, aiming to contribute to the further development and application of dietary patterns against obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
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30
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Fricker AD, Yao T, Lindemann SR, Flores GE. Enrichment and characterization of human-associated mucin-degrading microbial consortia by sequential passage. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae078. [PMID: 38794902 PMCID: PMC11180985 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucin is a glycoprotein secreted throughout the mammalian gastrointestinal tract that can support endogenous microorganisms in the absence of complex polysaccharides. While several mucin-degrading bacteria have been identified, the interindividual differences in microbial communities capable of metabolizing this complex polymer are not well described. To determine whether community assembly on mucin is deterministic across individuals or whether taxonomically distinct but functionally similar mucin-degrading communities are selected across fecal inocula, we used a 10-day in vitro sequential batch culture fermentation from three human donors with mucin as the sole carbon source. For each donor, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to characterize microbial community succession, and the short-chain fatty acid profile was determined from the final community. All three communities reached a steady-state by day 7 in which the community composition stabilized. Taxonomic comparisons amongst communities revealed that one of the final communities had Desulfovibrio, another had Akkermansia, and all three shared other members, such as Bacteroides. Metabolic output differences were most notable for one of the donor's communities, with significantly less production of acetate and propionate than the other two communities. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of developing stable mucin-degrading communities with shared and unique taxa. Furthermore, the mechanisms and efficiencies of mucin degradation across individuals are important for understanding how this community-level process impacts human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwana D Fricker
- Department of Biology, California State University, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, United States
| | - Tianming Yao
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Stephen R Lindemann
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Gilberto E Flores
- Department of Biology, California State University, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, United States
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31
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Muramatsu MK, Winter SE. Nutrient acquisition strategies by gut microbes. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:863-874. [PMID: 38870902 PMCID: PMC11178278 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The composition and function of the gut microbiota are intimately tied to nutrient acquisition strategies and metabolism, with significant implications for host health. Both dietary and host-intrinsic factors influence community structure and the basic modes of bacterial energy metabolism. The intestinal tract is rich in carbon and nitrogen sources; however, limited access to oxygen restricts energy-generating reactions to fermentation. By contrast, increased availability of electron acceptors during episodes of intestinal inflammation results in phylum-level changes in gut microbiota composition, suggesting that bacterial energy metabolism is a key driver of gut microbiota function. In this review article, we will illustrate diverse examples of microbial nutrient acquisition strategies in the context of habitat filters and anatomical location and the central role of energy metabolism in shaping metabolic strategies to support bacterial growth in the mammalian gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Muramatsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sebastian E Winter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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32
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Woelfel S, Silva MS, Stecher B. Intestinal colonization resistance in the context of environmental, host, and microbial determinants. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:820-836. [PMID: 38870899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Microbial communities that colonize the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract defend against pathogens through a mechanism known as colonization resistance (CR). Advances in technologies such as next-generation sequencing, gnotobiotic mouse models, and bacterial cultivation have enhanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the intricate microbial interactions involved in CR. Rather than being attributed to specific microbial clades, CR is now understood to arise from a dynamic interplay between microbes and the host and is shaped by metabolic, immune, and environmental factors. This evolving perspective underscores the significance of contextual factors, encompassing microbiome composition and host conditions, in determining CR. This review highlights recent research that has shifted its focus toward elucidating how these factors interact to either promote or impede enteric infections. It further discusses future research directions to unravel the complex relationship between host, microbiota, and environmental determinants in safeguarding against GI infections to promote human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Woelfel
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Clinical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Marta Salvado Silva
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Clinical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Bärbel Stecher
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Clinical Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Megli CJ, DePuyt AE, Goff JP, Munyoki SK, Hooven TA, Jašarević E. Diet influences community dynamics following vaginal group B streptococcus colonization. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0362323. [PMID: 38722155 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03623-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota plays a pivotal role in reproductive, sexual, and perinatal health and disease. Unlike the well-established connections between diet, metabolism, and the intestinal microbiota, parallel mechanisms influencing the vaginal microbiota and pathogen colonization remain overlooked. In this study, we combine a mouse model of Streptococcus agalactiae strain COH1 [group B Streptococcus (GBS)] vaginal colonization with a mouse model of pubertal-onset obesity to assess diet as a determinant of vaginal microbiota composition and its role in colonization resistance. We leveraged culture-dependent assessment of GBS clearance and culture-independent, sequencing-based reconstruction of the vaginal microbiota in relation to diet, obesity, glucose tolerance, and microbial dynamics across time scales. Our findings demonstrate that excessive body weight gain and glucose intolerance are not associated with vaginal GBS density or timing of clearance. Diets high in fat and low in soluble fiber are associated with vaginal GBS persistence, and changes in vaginal microbiota structure and composition due to diet contribute to GBS clearance patterns in nonpregnant mice. These findings underscore a critical need for studies on diet as a key determinant of vaginal microbiota composition and its relevance to reproductive and perinatal outcomes.IMPORTANCEThis work sheds light on diet as a key determinant influencing the composition of vaginal microbiota and its involvement in group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in a mouse model. This study shows that mice fed diets with different nutritional composition display differences in GBS density and timing of clearance in the female reproductive tract. These findings are particularly significant given clear links between GBS and adverse reproductive and neonatal outcomes, advancing our understanding by identifying critical connections between dietary components, factors originating from the intestinal tract, vaginal microbiota, and reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Megli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Reproductive Infectious Disease, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allison E DePuyt
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie P Goff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah K Munyoki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas A Hooven
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eldin Jašarević
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Nieva C, Pryor J, Williams GM, Hoedt EC, Burns GL, Eslick GD, Talley NJ, Duncanson K, Keely S. The Impact of Dietary Interventions on the Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:920-942. [PMID: 38102104 PMCID: PMC11147801 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diet plays an integral role in the modulation of the intestinal environment, with the potential to be modified for management of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. It has been hypothesised that poor 'Western-style' dietary patterns select for a microbiota that drives IBD inflammation and, that through dietary intervention, a healthy microbiota may be restored. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and assess current available evidence regarding the influence of diet on the intestinal microbiota composition in IBD patients, and how this may affect disease activity. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from January 2013 to June 2023, to identify studies investigating diet and microbiota in IBD. RESULTS Thirteen primary studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for narrative synthesis. Reported associations between diet and microbiota in IBD were conflicting due to the considerable degree of heterogeneity between studies. Nine intervention studies trialled specific diets and did not demonstrate significant shifts in the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbial communities or improvement in disease outcomes. The remaining four cross-sectional studies did not find a specific microbial signature associated with habitual dietary patterns in IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS Diet modulates the gut microbiota, and this may have implications for IBD; however, the body of evidence does not currently support clear dietary patterns or food constituents that are associated with a specific microbiota profile or disease marker in IBD patients. Further research is required with a focus on robust and consistent methodology to achieve improved identification of associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheenie Nieva
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Pryor
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina M Williams
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily C Hoedt
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace L Burns
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerith Duncanson
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Meijnikman AS, Nieuwdorp M, Schnabl B. Endogenous ethanol production in health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00937-w. [PMID: 38831008 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome exerts metabolic actions on distal tissues and organs outside the intestine, partly through microbial metabolites that diffuse into the circulation. The disruption of gut homeostasis results in changes to microbial metabolites, and more than half of the variance in the plasma metabolome can be explained by the gut microbiome. Ethanol is a major microbial metabolite that is produced in the intestine of nearly all individuals; however, elevated ethanol production is associated with pathological conditions such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and auto-brewery syndrome, in which the liver's capacity to metabolize ethanol is surpassed. In this Review, we describe the mechanisms underlying excessive ethanol production in the gut and the role of ethanol catabolism in mediating pathogenic effects of ethanol on the liver and host metabolism. We conclude by discussing approaches to target excessive ethanol production by gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Diabeter Centrum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Center for Innovative Phage Applications and Therapeutics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Berni Canani R, Caminati M, Carucci L, Eguiluz-Gracia I. Skin, gut, and lung barrier: Physiological interface and target of intervention for preventing and treating allergic diseases. Allergy 2024; 79:1485-1500. [PMID: 38439599 DOI: 10.1111/all.16092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The epithelial barriers of the skin, gut, and respiratory tract are critical interfaces between the environment and the host, and they orchestrate both homeostatic and pathogenic immune responses. The mechanisms underlying epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic and inflammatory conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, eosinophilic oesophagitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma, are complex and influenced by the exposome, microbiome, individual genetics, and epigenetics. Here, we review the role of the epithelial barriers of the skin, digestive tract, and airways in maintaining homeostasis, how they influence the occurrence and progression of allergic and inflammatory conditions, how current treatments target the epithelium to improve symptoms of these disorders, and what the unmet needs are in the identification and treatment of epithelial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Caminati
- Allergy Unit and Asthma Centre, Verona Integrated University Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malága, Malaga, Spain
- Allergy Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA)-BIONAND Platform, RICORS Inflammatory Diseases, Malaga, Spain
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Sauer P, Luft VC, Dall'Alba V. Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease who regularly consume fruits and vegetables present lower prevalence of disease activation: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:420-426. [PMID: 38777464 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusion diets are common practices among individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Reports that certain foods trigger or worsen symptoms are recurrent but lack evidence. The aim of the study was to identify which foods were most frequently avoided by patients with Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and whether the consumption of any food group was associated with disease activity. METHODS Cross-sectional study with adult patients seen at an outpatient clinic in a tertiary public hospital. Dietary intake and eating habits were accessed through questionnaires administered via telephone interview. Disease activity and symptoms were assessed using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (IHB) for CD and the Lichtiger Index (LI) for UC. Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate prevalence ratios. Analyzes were performed using SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS The study included 145 patients. Of these, 69.7% avoided certain foods, with citrus fruits and raw vegetables among the most avoided (16.8% and 13.8%, respectively). Regular consumption of fruits (PR = 0.56; CI 95% 0.32-0.97; p = 0.042) and vegetables (PR = 0.56; CI 95% 0.32-0.98; p = 0.045) was associated with a 44% lower prevalence of the active phase of the disease, compared to those who do not consume these foods, adjusted for age, sex and type of disease. Other food items did not present significant associations in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Fruit and vegetable intake appears to have a protective role in the recurrence of IBD. Excluding foods is a common practice, even among patients in remission, and this should be combated as it can lead to nutritional losses. It is important to reinforce with patients the benefits of a varied and less restrictive diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Sauer
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristine Luft
- Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valesca Dall'Alba
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Yao Y, Shang W, Bao L, Peng Z, Wu C. Epithelial-immune cell crosstalk for intestinal barrier homeostasis. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350631. [PMID: 38556632 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is mainly formed by a monolayer of epithelial cells, which forms a physical barrier to protect the gut tissues from external insults and provides a microenvironment for commensal bacteria to colonize while ensuring immune tolerance. Moreover, various immune cells are known to significantly contribute to intestinal barrier function by either directly interacting with epithelial cells or by producing immune mediators. Fulfilling this function of the gut barrier for mucosal homeostasis requires not only the intrinsic regulation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) but also constant communication with immune cells and gut microbes. The reciprocal interactions between IECs and immune cells modulate mucosal barrier integrity. Dysregulation of barrier function could lead to dysbiosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. In this overview, we provide an update on the characteristics and functions of IECs, and how they integrate their functions with tissue immune cells and gut microbiota to establish gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanjing Shang
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lingyu Bao
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhaoyi Peng
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ford AC, Vanner S, Kashyap PC, Nasser Y. Chronic Visceral Pain: New Peripheral Mechanistic Insights and Resulting Treatments. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:976-994. [PMID: 38325759 PMCID: PMC11102851 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain is one of the most common reasons for patients with gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease or disorders of brain-gut interaction, to seek medical attention. It represents a substantial burden to patients and is associated with anxiety, depression, reductions in quality of life, and impaired social functioning, as well as increased direct and indirect health care costs to society. Unfortunately, the diagnosis and treatment of chronic visceral pain is difficult, in part because our understanding of the underlying pathophysiologic basis is incomplete. In this review, we highlight recent advances in peripheral pain signaling and specific physiologic and pathophysiologic preclinical mechanisms that result in the sensitization of peripheral pain pathways. We focus on preclinical mechanisms that have been translated into treatment approaches and summarize the current evidence base for directing treatment toward these mechanisms of chronic visceral pain derived from clinical trials. The effective management of chronic visceral pain remains of critical importance for the quality of life of suffers. A deeper understanding of peripheral pain mechanisms is necessary and may provide the basis for novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of |Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Purna C Kashyap
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Deas J, Shah ND, Konijeti GG, Lundin A, Lanser O, Magavi P, Ali S. Dietary therapies for adult and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:530-545. [PMID: 38505875 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is an environmental exposure implicated in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dietary therapy is also a tool for management of these conditions. Nutrition therapy for IBD has been shown to reduce intestinal inflammation, promote healing, and alleviate symptoms, as well as improve patients' nutrition status. Although the mechanisms of action of most nutrition therapies for IBD are not well understood, the diets are theorized to eliminate triggers for gut dysbiosis and mucosal immune dysfunction associated with the typical Western diet. Exclusive enteral nutrition and the Crohn's disease exclusion diet are increasingly being used as the primary treatment modality for the induction of remission and/or maintenance therapy in children, and in some adults, with CD. Several other diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, anti-inflammatory diet for IBD, and diets excluding gluten, FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols), lactose, or other compounds, may be helpful in symptom management in both CD and UC, though evidence for biochemical efficacy is limited. In this review, we discuss the role of diet components in IBD pathogenesis and examine diets currently used in the management of children and adults with IBD. We also address practical, psychosocial, and cultural considerations for dietary therapy across diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Deas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Neha D Shah
- Colitis and Crohn's Disease Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Gauree G Konijeti
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Abigail Lundin
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Benioff Children Hospitals, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Olivia Lanser
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pooja Magavi
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sabina Ali
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Benioff Children Hospitals, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Suslov AV, Panas A, Sinelnikov MY, Maslennikov RV, Trishina AS, Zharikova TS, Zharova NV, Kalinin DV, Pontes-Silva A, Zharikov YO. Applied physiology: gut microbiota and antimicrobial therapy. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1631-1643. [PMID: 38683402 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health and in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs and have a significant impact on the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The understanding that a healthy gut microbiota prevents the development of many diseases has also led to its consideration as a potential therapeutic target. At the same time, any factor that alters the gut microbiota becomes important in this approach. Exercise and antibacterial therapy have a direct effect on the microbiota. The review reflects the current state of publications on the mechanisms of intestinal bacterial involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. The physiological mechanisms of the influence of physical activity on the composition of the gut microbiota are considered. The mechanisms of the common interface between exercise and antibacterial therapy will be considered using the example of several socially important diseases. The aim of the study is to show the physiological relationship between the effects of exercise and antibiotics on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Suslov
- Russian National Centre of Surgery, Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, 117418, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alin Panas
- N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Reconstructive Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119048, Russia
| | - Roman V Maslennikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Aleksandra S Trishina
- N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, Bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Tatyana S Zharikova
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 125009, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Nataliya V Zharova
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 125009, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kalinin
- Pathology Department, A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, 115093, Russia
| | - André Pontes-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy (PPGFT), Department of Physical Therapy (DFisio), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil.
| | - Yury O Zharikov
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 125009, Russia
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Han X, Hu X, Jin W, Liu G. Dietary nutrition, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:188-207. [PMID: 38800735 PMCID: PMC11126776 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Weaning is a critical transitional point in the life cycle of piglets. Early weaning can lead to post-weaning syndrome, destroy the intestinal barrier function and microbiota homeostasis, cause diarrhea and threaten the health of piglets. The nutritional components of milk and solid foods consumed by newborn animals can affect the diversity and structure of their intestinal microbiota, and regulate post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Therefore, this paper reviews the effects and mechanisms of different nutrients, including protein, dietary fiber, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance, on diarrhea and health of piglets by regulating intestinal function. Protein is an essential nutrient for the growth of piglets; however, excessive intake will cause many harmful effects, such as allergic reactions, intestinal barrier dysfunction and pathogenic growth, eventually aggravating piglet diarrhea. Dietary fiber is a nutrient that alleviates post-weaning diarrhea in piglets, which is related to its promotion of intestinal epithelial integrity, microbial homeostasis and the production of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance can also facilitate the growth, function and health of piglets by regulating intestinal epithelial function, immune system and microbiota. Thus, a targeted control of dietary components to promote the establishment of a healthy bacterial community is a significant method for preventing nutritional diarrhea in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Han
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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Mohammed A, Jenq RR. Dietary fiber and gut bacteria shape infection susceptibility. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:593-595. [PMID: 38783108 PMCID: PMC11148198 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The specific effects of the gut microbiota on pathogen susceptibility remain unexplored. In their recent study, Desai and colleagues (Wolter et al, 2024 ) explore the interaction between diet, the gut microbiota and pathogen susceptibility, highlighting a diet-dependent role of Akkermansia muciniphila .
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Mohammed
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert R Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Wolter M, Grant ET, Boudaud M, Pudlo NA, Pereira GV, Eaton KA, Martens EC, Desai MS. Diet-driven differential response of Akkermansia muciniphila modulates pathogen susceptibility. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:596-625. [PMID: 38745106 PMCID: PMC11148096 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The erosion of the colonic mucus layer by a dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota results in heightened susceptibility to an attaching and effacing pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Nevertheless, the questions of whether and how specific mucolytic bacteria aid in the increased pathogen susceptibility remain unexplored. Here, we leverage a functionally characterized, 14-member synthetic human microbiota in gnotobiotic mice to deduce which bacteria and functions are responsible for the pathogen susceptibility. Using strain dropouts of mucolytic bacteria from the community, we show that Akkermansia muciniphila renders the host more vulnerable to the mucosal pathogen during fiber deprivation. However, the presence of A. muciniphila reduces pathogen load on a fiber-sufficient diet, highlighting the context-dependent beneficial effects of this mucin specialist. The enhanced pathogen susceptibility is not owing to altered host immune or pathogen responses, but is driven by a combination of increased mucus penetrability and altered activities of A. muciniphila and other community members. Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of how discrete functional responses of the same mucolytic bacterium either resist or enhance enteric pathogen susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Wolter
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Erica T Grant
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Marie Boudaud
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Nicholas A Pudlo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriel V Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn A Eaton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mahesh S Desai
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Zhong D, Jin K, Wang R, Chen B, Zhang J, Ren C, Chen X, Lu J, Zhou M. Microalgae-Based Hydrogel for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Associated Anxiety and Depression. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312275. [PMID: 38277492 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exhibit a notable prevalence of psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, the etiology of psychiatric disorders associated with IBD remains uncertain, and an efficacious treatment approach has yet to be established. Herein, an oral hydrogel strategy (SP@Rh-gel) is proposed for co-delivery of Spirulina platensis and rhein to treat IBD and IBD-associated anxiety and depression by modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. SP@Rh-gel improves the solubility, release characteristics and intestinal retention capacity of the drug, leading to a significant improvement in the oral therapeutic efficacy. Oral administration of SP@Rh-gel can reduce intestinal inflammation and rebalance the disrupted intestinal microbial community. Furthermore, SP@Rh-gel maintains intestinal barrier integrity and reduces the release of pro-inflammatory factors and their entry into the hippocampus through the blood-brain barrier, thereby inhibiting neuroinflammation and maintaining neuroplasticity. SP@Rh-gel significantly alleviates the colitis symptoms, as well as anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, in a chronic colitis mouse model. This study demonstrates the significant involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the development of IBD with psychiatric disorders and proposes a safe, simple, and highly efficient therapeutic approach for managing IBD and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Zhong
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China
| | - Kangyu Jin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, P. R. China
| | - Chaojie Ren
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University-Erdos Etuoke Joint Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P. R. China
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Nguyen NTA, Jiang Y, McQuade JL. Eating away cancer: the potential of diet and the microbiome for shaping immunotherapy outcome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1409414. [PMID: 38873602 PMCID: PMC11169628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1409414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GMB) plays a substantial role in human health and disease. From affecting gut barrier integrity to promoting immune cell differentiation, the GMB is capable of shaping host immunity and thus oncogenesis and anti-cancer therapeutic response, particularly with immunotherapy. Dietary patterns and components are key determinants of GMB composition, supporting the investigation of the diet-microbiome-immunity axis as a potential avenue to enhance immunotherapy response in cancer patients. As such, this review will discuss the role of the GMB and diet on anti-cancer immunity. We demonstrate that diet affects anti-cancer immunity through both GMB-independent and GMB-mediated mechanisms, and that different diet patterns mold the GMB's functional and taxonomic composition in distinctive ways. Dietary modulation therefore shows promise as an intervention for improving cancer outcome; however, further and more extensive research in human cancer populations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer L. McQuade
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Swisa A, Kieckhaefer J, Daniel SG, El-Mekkoussi H, Kolev HM, Tigue M, Jin C, Assenmacher CA, Dohnalová L, Thaiss CA, Karlsson NG, Bittinger K, Kaestner KH. The evolutionarily ancient FOXA transcription factors shape the murine gut microbiome via control of epithelial glycosylation. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00323-X. [PMID: 38821056 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Evolutionary adaptation of multicellular organisms to a closed gut created an internal microbiome differing from that of the environment. Although the composition of the gut microbiome is impacted by diet and disease state, we hypothesized that vertebrates promote colonization by commensal bacteria through shaping of the apical surface of the intestinal epithelium. Here, we determine that the evolutionarily ancient FOXA transcription factors control the composition of the gut microbiome by establishing favorable glycosylation on the colonic epithelial surface. FOXA proteins bind to regulatory elements of a network of glycosylation enzymes, which become deregulated when Foxa1 and Foxa2 are deleted from the intestinal epithelium. As a direct consequence, microbial composition shifts dramatically, and spontaneous inflammatory bowel disease ensues. Microbiome dysbiosis was quickly reversed upon fecal transplant into wild-type mice, establishing a dominant role for the host epithelium, in part mediated by FOXA factors, in controlling symbiosis in the vertebrate holobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Swisa
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Julia Kieckhaefer
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Scott G Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hilana El-Mekkoussi
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Hannah M Kolev
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Mark Tigue
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charles-Antoine Assenmacher
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lenka Dohnalová
- Microbiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Microbiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Center for Molecular Studies in Liver and Digestive Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 12-126 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5156, USA.
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Cottam C, White RT, Beck LC, Stewart CJ, Beatson SA, Lowe EC, Grinter R, Connolly JPR. Metabolism of L-arabinose converges with virulence regulation to promote enteric pathogen fitness. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4462. [PMID: 38796512 PMCID: PMC11127945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Virulence and metabolism are often interlinked to control the expression of essential colonisation factors in response to host-associated signals. Here, we identified an uncharacterised transporter of the dietary monosaccharide ʟ-arabinose that is widely encoded by the zoonotic pathogen enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), required for full competitive fitness in the mouse gut and highly expressed during human infection. Discovery of this transporter suggested that EHEC strains have an enhanced ability to scavenge ʟ-arabinose and therefore prompted us to investigate the impact of this nutrient on pathogenesis. Accordingly, we discovered that ʟ-arabinose enhances expression of the EHEC type 3 secretion system, increasing its ability to colonise host cells, and that the underlying mechanism is dependent on products of its catabolism rather than the sensing of ʟ-arabinose as a signal. Furthermore, using the murine pathogen Citrobacter rodentium, we show that ʟ-arabinose metabolism provides a fitness benefit during infection via virulence factor regulation, as opposed to supporting pathogen growth. Finally, we show that this mechanism is not restricted to ʟ-arabinose and extends to other pentose sugars with a similar metabolic fate. This work highlights the importance integrating central metabolism with virulence regulation in order to maximise competitive fitness of enteric pathogens within the host-niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Cottam
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rhys T White
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lauren C Beck
- Newcastle University Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher J Stewart
- Newcastle University Translation and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Scott A Beatson
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elisabeth C Lowe
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rhys Grinter
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - James P R Connolly
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, NE2 4HH, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
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Ecarnot F, Maggi S. The impact of the Mediterranean diet on immune function in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:117. [PMID: 38780713 PMCID: PMC11116168 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Diet is one of the lifestyle factors that is most amenable to intervention, and has a substantial effect on the potential for successful aging and mitigation of the risk of disease. Good nutrition is a pillar of healthy aging, and a large body of evidence attests to the benefits of the Mediterranean diet on the quality of the aging process. The Mediterranean diet comprises a wide range of nutrients which, both individually and collectively, exert positive effects on immunity, in large part mediated by the gut microbiota. In this article, we review the effect of the Mediterranean diet on immunity, and how its beneficial effects are mediated by the gut microbiota. We review the effects of certain key components of the Mediterranean dietary pattern, including vitamins, zinc, selenium, and polyphenols. Overall, the existing body of evidence convincingly demonstrates that the Mediterreanean diet affects immune health by maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases; by reducing inflammation and by promoting a healthy gut microbiota profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, Besançon, 25000, France.
- SINERGIES Research unit, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, 25000, France.
| | - Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
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50
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Brown HA, Morris AL, Pudlo NA, Hopkins AE, Martens EC, Golob JL, Koropatkin NM. Acarbose Impairs Gut Bacteroides Growth by Targeting Intracellular GH97 Enzymes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.20.595031. [PMID: 38826241 PMCID: PMC11142093 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.595031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Acarbose is a type-2 diabetes medicine that inhibits dietary starch breakdown into glucose by inhibiting host amylase and glucosidase enzymes. Numerous gut species in the Bacteroides genus enzymatically break down starch and change in relative abundance within the gut microbiome in acarbose-treated individuals. To mechanistically explain this observation, we used two model starch-degrading Bacteroides, Bacteroides ovatus (Bo) and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt). Bt growth is severely impaired by acarbose whereas Bo growth is not. The Bacteroides use a starch utilization system (Sus) to grow on starch. We hypothesized that Bo and Bt Sus enzymes are differentially inhibited by acarbose. Instead, we discovered that although acarbose primarily targets the Sus periplasmic GH97 enzymes in both organisms, the drug affects starch processing at multiple other points. Acarbose competes for transport through the Sus beta-barrel proteins and binds to the Sus transcriptional regulators. Further, Bo expresses a non-Sus GH97 (BoGH97D) when grown in starch with acarbose. The Bt homolog, BtGH97H, is not expressed in the same conditions, nor can overexpression of BoGH97D complement the Bt growth inhibition in the presence of acarbose. This work informs us about unexpected complexities of Sus function and regulation in Bacteroides, including variation between related species. Further, this indicates that the gut microbiome may be a source of variable response to acarbose treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A. Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Adeline L. Morris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Pudlo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ashley E. Hopkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric C. Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Golob
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nicole M. Koropatkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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