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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Jin X, Hong S, Tian H. Exerkines: Benign adaptation for exercise and benefits for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150305. [PMID: 38917635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Exercise has multiple beneficial effects on human metabolic health and is regarded as a "polypill" for various diseases. At present, the lack of physical activity usually causes an epidemic of chronic metabolic syndromes, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Remarkably, NAFLD is emerging as a serious public health issue and is associated with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, specific drug therapies for NAFLD and its more severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are currently unavailable. Lifestyle modification is the foundation of treatment recommendations for NAFLD and NASH, especially for exercise. There are under-appreciated organs that crosstalk to the liver during exercise such as muscle-liver crosstalk. Previous studies have reported that certain exerkines, such as FGF21, GDF15, irisin, and adiponectin, are beneficial for liver metabolism and have the potential to be targeted for NAFLD treatment. In addition, some of exerkines can be modified for the new proteins and get enhanced functions, like IL-6/IC7Fc. Another importance of exercise is the physiological adaptation that combats metabolic diseases. Thus, this review aims to summarize the known exerkines and utilize a multi-omics mining tool to identify more exerkines for the future research. Overall, understanding the mechanisms by which exercise-induced exerkines exert their beneficial effects on metabolic health holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for NAFLD and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Yong Ding Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Xingsheng Jin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shangyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Haili Tian
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Plaza-Florido A, Lucia A, Radom-Aizik S. Advancing pediatric exercise research: A focus on immunomics and cutting-edge technologies. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:679-681. [PMID: 37788789 PMCID: PMC11282328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Plaza-Florido
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA.
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain; Physical Activity Health Research Group ("PaHerg"), Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("imas12"), Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Wu H, Yang H, Chen L, Sun F, Xia Y. Intensity-specific physical activity measured by accelerometer and the risk of mortality among individuals with cardiometabolic diseases: A prospective study from the UK Biobank. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 156:104786. [PMID: 38788260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the health benefits of physical activity for general population are well-recognized, the prospective associations of physical activity volume and intensity with mortality among cardiometabolic disease individuals remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity with mortality risk among population with cardiometabolic disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Participants were recruited from the United Kingdom (UK) across 22 assessment centers from 2006 to 2010. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9524 participants from the UK Biobank (median: 67.00 years, interquartile range: 61.00-70.00 years) were included in final study. METHODS Accelerometer-measured total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity physical activity collecting from 2013 to 2015 were quantified using a machine learning model. Multivariable restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazard models with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to examine the associations of interests. RESULTS During the follow-up period (median: 6.87 years; interquartile range: 6.32-7.39 years), there were 659 (6.92 %) death events with 218 (2.29 %) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 441 (4.63 %) non-cardiovascular disease-related deaths separately. In the fully adjusted models, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles of total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light physical activities, the adjusted HRs (95 % CIs) of all-cause mortality for those in the highest quartiles were 0.40 (0.31, 0.52), 0.48 (0.37, 0.61), and 0.56 (0.44, 0.71) while those for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality were 0.35 (0.22, 0.55), 0.52 (0.35, 0.78) and 0.59 (0.39, 0.88), and for non-cardiovascular diseases-related mortality, they were 0.42 (0.30, 0.59), 0.40 (0.29, 0.54) and 0.54 (0.40, 0.73), separately. The optimal moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity level for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality reduction was found to be in the third quartile (17.75-35.33 min/day). Furthermore, the observed inverse associations were mainly non-linear. CONCLUSIONS Promoting physical activity, regardless of intensity, is essential for individuals with cardiometabolic disease to reduce mortality risk. For both all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related and non-cardiovascular disease-related mortality, the observed decrease in risk seems to level off at a moderate level. The current findings deriving from precise device-based physical activity data provide inference for secondary prevention of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanzhang Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Olvera-Rojas M, Plaza-Florido A, Solis-Urra P, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Ortega FB. Neurological-related proteomic profiling in plasma of children with metabolic healthy and unhealthy overweight/obesity. Pediatr Obes 2024:e13155. [PMID: 39075931 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit poor cardiometabolic health, yet mechanisms influencing brain health remain unclear. We examined the differences in neurological-related circulating proteins in plasma among children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and the association with metabolic syndrome markers. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included 84 Caucasian children (39% girls), aged 10.1 ± 1.1 years, from the ActiveBrains project (NCT02295072). A ninety-two-protein targeted approach using Olink's® technology was used. RESULTS We identified distinct concentrations of CD38, LAIR2, MANF and NRP2 proteins in MHO compared with MUO. Moreover, individual metabolic syndrome (MS) markers were linked to nine proteins (CD38, CPM, EDA2R, IL12, JAMB, KYNU, LAYN, MSR1 and SMOC2) in children with OW/OB. These proteins play crucial roles in diverse biological processes (e.g., angiogenesis, cholesterol transport, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catalysis and maintenance of blood-brain barrier) related to brain health. CONCLUSION Our proteomics study suggests that cardiometabolic health (represented by MHO/MUO or individual MS markers) is associated with the concentration in plasma of several proteins involved in brain health. Larger-scale studies are needed to contrast/confirm these findings, with CD38 standing out as a particularly noteworthy and robust discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Olvera-Rojas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Patricio Solis-Urra
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Weinisch P, Raffler J, Römisch-Margl W, Arnold M, Mohney RP, Rist MJ, Prehn C, Skurk T, Hauner H, Daniel H, Suhre K, Kastenmüller G. The HuMet Repository: Watching human metabolism at work. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114416. [PMID: 39033506 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism oscillates between catabolic and anabolic states depending on food intake, exercise, or stresses that change a multitude of metabolic pathways simultaneously. We present the HuMet Repository for exploring dynamic metabolic responses to oral glucose/lipid loads, mixed meals, 36-h fasting, exercise, and cold stress in healthy subjects. Metabolomics data from blood, urine, and breath of 15 young, healthy men at up to 56 time points are integrated and embedded within an interactive web application, enabling researchers with and without computational expertise to search, visualize, analyze, and contextualize the dynamic metabolite profiles of 2,656 metabolites acquired on multiple platforms. With examples, we demonstrate the utility of the resource for research into the dynamics of human metabolism, highlighting differences and similarities in systemic metabolic responses across challenges and the complementarity of metabolomics platforms. The repository, providing a reference for healthy metabolite changes to six standardized physiological challenges, is freely accessible through a web portal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Weinisch
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Raffler
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Digital Medicine, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Werner Römisch-Margl
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Manuela J Rist
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Fang S, Ji Y, Shen Y, Yang S, Zhang H, Xin W, Shi W, Chen W. TET3 Contributes to Exercise-Induced Functional Axon Regeneration and Visual Restoration. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400145. [PMID: 39007414 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Axons have intrinsically poor regenerative capacity in the mature central nervous system (CNS), leading to permanent neurological impairments in individuals. There is growing evidence that exercise is a powerful physiological intervention that can obviously enhance cell rejuvenate capacity, but its molecular mechanisms that mediate the axonal regenerative benefits remain largely unclear. Using the eye as the CNS model, here it is first indicated that placing mice in an exercise stimulation environment induced DNA methylation patterns and transcriptomes of retinal ganglion cell, promoted axon regeneration after injury, and reversed vision loss in aged mice. These beneficial effects are dependent on the DNA demethylases TET3-mediated epigenetic effects, which increased the expression of genes associated with the regenerative growth programs, such as STAT3, Wnt5a, Klf6. Exercise training also shows with the improved mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction in retinas and optic nerves via TET3. Collectively, these results suggested that the increased regenerative capacity induced by enhancing physical activity is mediated through epigenetic reprogramming in mouse model of optic nerve injury and in aged mouse. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying exercise-dependent neuronal plasticity led to the identification of novel targets for ameliorating pathologies associated with etiologically diverse diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Fang
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yunxiang Ji
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yilan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Simin Yang
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenfeng Xin
- College of Notoginseng Medicine and Pharmacy, Wenshan University, Wenshan, 663000, China
| | - Weidong Shi
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Department of Integrative Oncology in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Jingan District Central Hospital of Shanghai, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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7
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Rotondo R, Padua E, Annino G, Guescini M, Donati-Zeppa S, Goffredo M, Stocchi V, Stocchi F, De Pandis MF. Dose-response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson's disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1412311. [PMID: 39022736 PMCID: PMC11251892 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1412311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise has been proposed as the "Universal Prescription for Parkinson's Disease"; however, the specificity of exercise dose in terms of frequency, intensity, duration, and type to be prescribed remains to be elucidated. The 2018 US updated guidelines and WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior recommend older adults (> 65+ years) to achieve weekly minimal activity levels, indicating the intensity of aerobic exercise as the metabolic equivalent of task and duration as minutes/week (150-300 min/week at a moderate intensity of 3-5.9 MET- or 75-150 min/week of a vigorous intensity of ≥6 MET). Translating these recommendations to PD patients, the study aimed to assess the dose-response effects of standardized volume of structured exercise, measured as METs-minutes/week (weekly energy expenditure) of two different rehabilitation settings to quantify the change in neurotrophic factors. The exercise-induced benefits between the two rehabilitation settings will be evaluated based on motor and non-motor symptoms, kinematic parameters of gait, cognitive function, quality of life, and cortical activity and brain connectivity. Methods METEX-PD is a pilot, prospective, observational, cohort study. The study will enroll consecutively thirty (N = 30) participants with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease diagnosis to be assigned to a non-intensive or intensive rehabilitation group. The non-intensive rehabilitation group will achieve a range of 180-270 METs-min/week (90 min/week of low-intensity aerobic exercise, 2-3 METs), while the intensive rehabilitation group will exercise at 1350-1980 METs-min/week (225 min/week of high-intensity aerobic exercise, 6-8.8 METs). The METEX-PD trial will last 12 weeks, including 4 weeks of aerobic training program and two follow-ups. Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0), at the end of the exercise program (T1-end of the program), and 4- and 8 weeks after the end of the training program (FU-1 and FU-2). The primary outcome is the change from baseline in peripheral blood BDNF levels. Secondary outcomes are differences in peripheral biomarkers, functional-motor assessments, clinical-functional evaluations, and brain imaging. Conclusion METEX-PD trial will enable us to estimate the change in BDNF levels and other peripheral biomarkers under precise exercise-induced energy expenditure. The primary results of the METEX-PD study will allow the development of a larger multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the molecular pathways inducing the change in selected neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, IGF-1, or irisin, and the downstream mechanisms of neuroplasticity in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvira Padua
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annino
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Center of Space Bio-Medicine, Department of Medicine Systems, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Donati-Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michela Goffredo
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurological and Rehabilitation Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Stocchi
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurological and Rehabilitation Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca De Pandis
- San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy
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Daniels M, Margolis LM, Rood JC, Lieberman HR, Pasiakos SM, Karl JP. Comparative analysis of circulating metabolomic profiles identifies shared metabolic alterations across distinct multistressor military training exercises. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:457-468. [PMID: 38738316 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00008.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Military training provides insight into metabolic responses under unique physiological demands that can be comprehensively characterized by global metabolomic profiling to identify potential strategies for improving performance. This study identified shared changes in metabolomic profiles across three distinct military training exercises, varying in magnitude and type of stress. Blood samples collected before and after three real or simulated military training exercises were analyzed using the same untargeted metabolomic profiling platform. Exercises included a 2-wk survival training course (ST, n = 36), a 4-day cross-country ski march arctic training (AT, n = 24), and a 28-day controlled diet- and exercise-induced energy deficit (CED, n = 26). Log2-fold changes of greater than ±1 in 191, 121, and 64 metabolites were identified in the ST, AT, and CED datasets, respectively. Most metabolite changes were within the lipid (57-63%) and amino acid metabolism (18-19%) pathways and changes in 87 were shared across studies. The largest and most consistent increases in shared metabolites were found in the acylcarnitine, fatty acid, ketone, and glutathione metabolism pathways, whereas the largest decreases were in the diacylglycerol and urea cycle metabolism pathways. Multiple shared metabolites were consistently correlated with biomarkers of inflammation, tissue damage, and anabolic hormones across studies. These three studies of real and simulated military training revealed overlapping alterations in metabolomic profiles despite differences in environment and the stressors involved. Consistent changes in metabolites related to lipid metabolism, ketogenesis, and oxidative stress suggest a potential common metabolomic signature associated with inflammation, tissue damage, and suppression of anabolic signaling that may characterize the unique physiological demands of military training.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The extent to which metabolomic responses are shared across diverse military training environments is unknown. Global metabolomic profiling across three distinct military training exercises identified shared metabolic responses with the largest changes observed for metabolites related to fatty acids, acylcarnitines, ketone metabolism, and oxidative stress. These changes also correlated with alterations in markers of tissue damage, inflammation, and anabolic signaling and comprise a potential common metabolomic signature underlying the unique physiological demands of military training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Daniels
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States
| | - Lee M Margolis
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jennifer C Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Harris R Lieberman
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Stefan M Pasiakos
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - J Philip Karl
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, United States
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Zheng Y, Liu Y, Yang J, Dong L, Zhang R, Tian S, Yu Y, Ren L, Hou W, Zhu F, Mai Y, Han J, Zhang L, Jiang H, Lin L, Lou J, Li R, Lin J, Liu H, Kong Z, Wang D, Dai F, Bao D, Cao Z, Chen Q, Chen Q, Chen X, Gao Y, Jiang H, Li B, Li B, Li J, Liu R, Qing T, Shang E, Shang J, Sun S, Wang H, Wang X, Zhang N, Zhang P, Zhang R, Zhu S, Scherer A, Wang J, Wang J, Huo Y, Liu G, Cao C, Shao L, Xu J, Hong H, Xiao W, Liang X, Lu D, Jin L, Tong W, Ding C, Li J, Fang X, Shi L. Multi-omics data integration using ratio-based quantitative profiling with Quartet reference materials. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:1133-1149. [PMID: 37679543 PMCID: PMC11252085 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Characterization and integration of the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome of different datasets is difficult owing to a lack of ground truth. Here we develop and characterize suites of publicly available multi-omics reference materials of matched DNA, RNA, protein and metabolites derived from immortalized cell lines from a family quartet of parents and monozygotic twin daughters. These references provide built-in truth defined by relationships among the family members and the information flow from DNA to RNA to protein. We demonstrate how using a ratio-based profiling approach that scales the absolute feature values of a study sample relative to those of a concurrently measured common reference sample produces reproducible and comparable data suitable for integration across batches, labs, platforms and omics types. Our study identifies reference-free 'absolute' feature quantification as the root cause of irreproducibility in multi-omics measurement and data integration and establishes the advantages of ratio-based multi-omics profiling with common reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Rui Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanwan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Ling Lin
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwei Lou
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Biotecan Medical Diagnostics Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqiang Li
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jingchao Lin
- Metabo-Profile Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Depeng Wang
- Nextomics Biosciences Institute, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Ding Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaochu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuechen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Nextomics Biosciences Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Erfei Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andreas Scherer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- EATRIS ERIC-European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Yinbo Huo
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengming Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Joshua Xu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weida Tong
- Key Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Metrology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiang Fang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China.
| | - Leming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- International Human Phenome Institutes (Shanghai), Shanghai, China.
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10
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Plaza-Florido A, Liem RI, Haddad F, Radom-Aizik S. Whole-blood transcriptome analysis reveals distinct gene expression signatures in paediatric patients with sickle cell anaemia before and after exercise. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:320-328. [PMID: 38768976 PMCID: PMC11245363 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients display elevated levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and endothelial activation markers compared to healthy peers. The impact of exercise on the pro-inflammatory state in SCA remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the whole-blood transcriptome profile in response to an acute bout of exercise in paediatric SCA patients. Twenty-three SCA participants (13 ± 3 years, 52% girls) and 17 healthy controls (14 ± 3 years, 29% girls) performed eight 2-min bouts of cycle ergometry interspersed with 1-min rest intervals. Whole-blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) was performed before and after exercise. At baseline, gene pathways associated with gas transport in erythrocytes were up-regulated in SCA patients compared to controls. Following exercise, gene pathways associated with innate immunity were altered in both groups. Interaction analyses revealed 160 annotated genes (101 up- and 59 down-regulated) that differentially altered by exercise in SCA patients. Moreover, genes that exhibited a blunted response to exercise in SCA patients were enriched in the IL-17 signalling pathway, suggesting an impaired innate immune response to exercise. This data will contribute to the development of evidence-based exercise prescription guidelines for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Robert I Liem
- Division of Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fadia Haddad
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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11
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Pathmasiri W, Rushing BR, McRitchie S, Choudhari M, Du X, Smirnov A, Pelleigrini M, Thompson MJ, Sakaguchi CA, Nieman DC, Sumner SJ. Untargeted metabolomics reveal signatures of a healthy lifestyle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13630. [PMID: 38871777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated differences in the plasma metabolome in two groups of adults that were of similar age but varied markedly in body composition and dietary and physical activity patterns. Study participants included 52 adults in the lifestyle group (LIFE) (28 males, 24 females) and 52 in the control group (CON) (27 males, 25 females). The results using an extensive untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics analysis with 10,535 metabolite peaks identified 486 important metabolites (variable influence on projections scores of VIP ≥ 1) and 16 significantly enriched metabolic pathways that differentiated LIFE and CON groups. A novel metabolite signature of positive lifestyle habits emerged from this analysis highlighted by lower plasma levels of numerous bile acids, an amino acid profile characterized by higher histidine and lower glutamic acid, glutamine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and proline, an elevated vitamin D status, higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and gut microbiome catabolism metabolites from plant substrates, and reduced levels of N-glycan degradation metabolites and environmental contaminants. This study established that the plasma metabolome is strongly associated with body composition and lifestyle habits. The robust lifestyle metabolite signature identified in this study is consistent with an improved life expectancy and a reduced risk for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Blake R Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mansi Choudhari
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alexsandr Smirnov
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Matteo Pelleigrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Thompson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
| | - Susan J Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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12
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Perry AS, Farber-Eger E, Gonzales T, Tanaka T, Robbins JM, Murthy VL, Stolze LK, Zhao S, Huang S, Colangelo LA, Deng S, Hou L, Lloyd-Jones DM, Walker KA, Ferrucci L, Watts EL, Barber JL, Rao P, Mi MY, Gabriel KP, Hornikel B, Sidney S, Houstis N, Lewis GD, Liu GY, Thyagarajan B, Khan SS, Choi B, Washko G, Kalhan R, Wareham N, Bouchard C, Sarzynski MA, Gerszten RE, Brage S, Wells QS, Nayor M, Shah RV. Proteomic analysis of cardiorespiratory fitness for prediction of mortality and multisystem disease risks. Nat Med 2024; 30:1711-1721. [PMID: 38834850 PMCID: PMC11186767 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite the wide effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on metabolic, cardiovascular, pulmonary and neurological health, challenges in the feasibility and reproducibility of CRF measurements have impeded its use for clinical decision-making. Here we link proteomic profiles to CRF in 14,145 individuals across four international cohorts with diverse CRF ascertainment methods to establish, validate and characterize a proteomic CRF score. In a cohort of around 22,000 individuals in the UK Biobank, a proteomic CRF score was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (unadjusted hazard ratio 0.50 (95% confidence interval 0.48-0.52) per 1 s.d. increase). The proteomic CRF score was also associated with multisystem disease risk and provided risk reclassification and discrimination beyond clinical risk factors, as well as modulating high polygenic risk of certain diseases. Finally, we observed dynamicity of the proteomic CRF score in individuals who undertook a 20-week exercise training program and an association of the score with the degree of the effect of training on CRF, suggesting potential use of the score for personalization of exercise recommendations. These results indicate that population-based proteomics provides biologically relevant molecular readouts of CRF that are additive to genetic risk, potentially modifiable and clinically translatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric Farber-Eger
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tomas Gonzales
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longtidudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeremy M Robbins
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lindsey K Stolze
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Laura A Colangelo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shuliang Deng
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Multimodal Imaging of Neurodegenerative Disease (MIND) Unit, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longtidudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eleanor L Watts
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jacob L Barber
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prashant Rao
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Y Mi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Bjoern Hornikel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Houstis
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory D Lewis
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Y Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Sadiya S Khan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bina Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomic Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mark A Sarzynski
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina Columbia, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Quinn S Wells
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Sections of Cardiovascular Medicine and Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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13
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Qi Z, LE S, Cheng R, DU X, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Feng L, Schumann M, Mao L, Cheng S. Responses of the Serum Lipid Profile to Exercise and Diet Interventions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1036-1045. [PMID: 38247038 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the response patterns of circulating lipids to exercise and diet interventions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS The 8.6-month four-arm randomized controlled study comprised 115 NAFLD patients with prediabetes who were assigned to aerobic exercise (AEx; n = 29), low-carbohydrate diet (Diet; n = 28), AEx plus low-carbohydrate diet (AED; n = 29), and nonintervention (NI, n = 29) groups. Hepatic fat content (HFC) was quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Serum lipidomic analytes were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS After intervention, the total level of phosphatidylcholine (PC) increased significantly in the AEx group ( P = 0.043), whereas phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and triacylglycerol decreased significantly in the AED group ( P = 0.046 and P = 0.036, respectively), and phosphatidylserine decreased in the NI group ( P = 0.002). Changes of 21 lipid metabolites were significantly associated with changes of HFC, among which half belonged to PC. Most of the molecules related to insulin sensitivity belonged to sphingomyelin (40 of 79). Controlling for the change of visceral fat, the significant associations between lipid metabolites and HFC remained. In addition, baseline serum lipids could predict the response of HFC to exercise and/or diet interventions (PE15:0/18:0 for AED, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.97; PE22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0 for AEx, AUC = 0.90; and PC14:1(9Z)/19:1(9Z) for Diet, AUC = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS Changes of lipidome after exercise and/or diet interventions were associated with HFC reductions, which are independent of visceral fat reduction, particularly in metabolites belonging to PC. Importantly, baseline PE could predict the HFC response to exercise, and PC predicted the response to diet. These results indicate that a circulating metabolomics panel can be used to facilitate clinical implementation of lifestyle interventions for NAFLD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qi
- Physical Education Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, CHINA
| | | | - Runtan Cheng
- Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Xiaming DU
- Department of Orthopedic, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Can Zhao
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Zhengyun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, CHINA
| | - Lei Feng
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, CHINA
| | | | - Lijuan Mao
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, CHINA
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14
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Walzik D, Wences Chirino TY, Zimmer P, Joisten N. Molecular insights of exercise therapy in disease prevention and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:138. [PMID: 38806473 PMCID: PMC11133400 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial evidence emphasizing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Several exercise benefits have been attributed to signaling molecules that are released in response to exercise by different tissues such as skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, adipose, and liver tissue. These signaling molecules, which are collectively termed exerkines, form a heterogenous group of bioactive substances, mediating inter-organ crosstalk as well as structural and functional tissue adaption. Numerous scientific endeavors have focused on identifying and characterizing new biological mediators with such properties. Additionally, some investigations have focused on the molecular targets of exerkines and the cellular signaling cascades that trigger adaption processes. A detailed understanding of the tissue-specific downstream effects of exerkines is crucial to harness the health-related benefits mediated by exercise and improve targeted exercise programs in health and disease. Herein, we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signal transduction across multiple target tissues and highlight the preventive and therapeutic value of exerkine signaling in various diseases. By emphasizing different aspects of exerkine research, we provide a comprehensive overview of (i) the molecular underpinnings of exerkine secretion, (ii) the receptor-dependent and receptor-independent signaling cascades mediating tissue adaption, and (iii) the clinical implications of these mechanisms in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Walzik
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Tiffany Y Wences Chirino
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Niklas Joisten
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
- Division of Exercise and Movement Science, Institute for Sport Science, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.
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15
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Murthy VL, Mosley JD, Perry AS, Jacobs DR, Tanriverdi K, Zhao S, Sawicki KT, Carnethon M, Wilkins JT, Nayor M, Das S, Abel ED, Freedman JE, Clish CB, Shah RV. Metabolic liability for weight gain in early adulthood. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101548. [PMID: 38703763 PMCID: PMC11148768 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
While weight gain is associated with a host of chronic illnesses, efforts in obesity have relied on single "snapshots" of body mass index (BMI) to guide genetic and molecular discovery. Here, we study >2,000 young adults with metabolomics and proteomics to identify a metabolic liability to weight gain in early adulthood. Using longitudinal regression and penalized regression, we identify a metabolic signature for weight liability, associated with a 2.6% (2.0%-3.2%, p = 7.5 × 10-19) gain in BMI over ≈20 years per SD higher score, after comprehensive adjustment. Identified molecules specified mechanisms of weight gain, including hunger and appetite regulation, energy expenditure, gut microbial metabolism, and host interaction with external exposure. Integration of longitudinal and concurrent measures in regression with Mendelian randomization highlights the complexity of metabolic regulation of weight gain, suggesting caution in interpretation of epidemiologic or genetic effect estimates traditionally used in metabolic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh L Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan D Mosley
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew S Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kahraman Tanriverdi
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Nayor
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane E Freedman
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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16
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Wilkinson DJ, Crossland H, Atherton PJ. Metabolomic and proteomic applications to exercise biomedicine. TRANSLATIONAL EXERCISE BIOMEDICINE 2024; 1:9-22. [PMID: 38660119 PMCID: PMC11036890 DOI: 10.1515/teb-2024-2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Objectives 'OMICs encapsulates study of scaled data acquisition, at the levels of DNA, RNA, protein, and metabolite species. The broad objectives of OMICs in biomedical exercise research are multifarious, but commonly relate to biomarker development and understanding features of exercise adaptation in health, ageing and metabolic diseases. Methods This field is one of exponential technical (i.e., depth of feature coverage) and scientific (i.e., in health, metabolic conditions and ageing, multi-OMICs) progress adopting targeted and untargeted approaches. Results Key findings in exercise biomedicine have led to the identification of OMIC features linking to heritability or adaptive responses to exercise e.g., the forging of GWAS/proteome/metabolome links to cardiovascular fitness and metabolic health adaptations. The recent addition of stable isotope tracing to proteomics ('dynamic proteomics') and metabolomics ('fluxomics') represents the next phase of state-of-the-art in 'OMICS. Conclusions These methods overcome limitations associated with point-in-time 'OMICs and can be achieved using substrate-specific tracers or deuterium oxide (D2O), depending on the question; these methods could help identify how individual protein turnover and metabolite flux may explain exercise responses. We contend application of these methods will shed new light in translational exercise biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Wilkinson
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (CoMAP), Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis UK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - Hannah Crossland
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (CoMAP), Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis UK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - Philip J. Atherton
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (CoMAP), Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis UK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
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17
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Luo B, Xiang D, Ji X, Chen X, Li R, Zhang S, Meng Y, Nieman DC, Chen P. The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases: A 20-year systematic review. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:353-367. [PMID: 38341137 PMCID: PMC11117003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be an underlying factor in improving several autoimmune diseases. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the role of exercise training in mitigating inflammation in adolescents and adults with autoimmune disease. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were systematically reviewed for related studies published between January 1, 2003, and August 31, 2023. All randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions with autoimmune disease study participants that evaluated inflammation-related biomarkers were included. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise scale and Cochrane bias risk tool. RESULTS A total of 14,565 records were identified. After screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts, 87 were eligible for the systematic review. These studies were conducted in 25 different countries and included a total of 2779 participants (patients with autoimmune disease, in exercise or control groups). Overall, the evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers such as C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α were reduced by regular exercise interventions. Regular exercise interventions combined with multiple exercise modes were associated with greater benefits. CONCLUSION Regular exercise training by patients with autoimmune disease exerts an anti-inflammatory influence. This systematic review provides support for the promotion and development of clinical exercise intervention programs for patients with autoimmune disease. Most patients with autoimmune disease can safely adopt moderate exercise training protocols, but changes in inflammation biomarkers will be modest at best. Acute exercise interventions are ineffective or even modestly but transiently pro-inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Naval Medical Center, Shanghai 200433, China; National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaorong Ji
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yujun Meng
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Research Institute for Doping Control, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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18
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Conroy G. Why is exercise good for you? Scientists are finding answers in our cells. Nature 2024; 629:26-28. [PMID: 38693406 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
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19
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Zhao C, Gong Y, Zheng L, Zhao M. Untargeted metabolomic reveals the changes in muscle metabolites of mice during exercise recovery and the mechanisms of whey protein and whey protein hydrolysate in promoting muscle repair. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114261. [PMID: 38609238 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Our previous study indicated that whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) showed effective anti-fatigue properties, but its regulatory mechanism on recovery from exercise in mice is unclear. In the present study, we divided the mice into control, WP, and WPH groups and allowed them to rest for 1 h and 24 h after exercise, respectively. The changes in muscle metabolites of mice in the recovery period were investigated using metabolomics techniques. The results showed that the WPH group significantly up-regulated 94 muscle metabolites within 1 h of rest, which was 1.96 and 2.61 times more than the control and WP groups, respectively. In detail, significant decreases in TCA cycle intermediates, lipid metabolites, and carbohydrate metabolites were observed in the control group during exercise recovery. In contrast, administration with WP and WPH enriched more amino acid metabolites within 1 h of rest, which might provide a more comprehensive metabolic environment for muscle repair. Moreover, the WPH group remarkably stimulated the enhancement of lipid, carbohydrate, and vitamin metabolites in the recovery period which might provide raw materials and energy for anabolic reactions. The result of the western blot further demonstrated that WPH could promote muscle repair via activating the Sestrin2/Akt/mTOR/S6K signaling pathway within 1 h of rest. These findings deepen our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms by WPH to promote muscle recovery and may serve as a reference for comprehensive assessments of protein supplements on exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoya Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yurong Gong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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20
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Yao T, Wang H, Lin K, Wang R, Guo S, Chen P, Wu H, Liu T, Wang R. Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:892-899. [PMID: 36795181 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic benefits associated with long-term physical activity are well appreciated and growing evidence suggests that it involves the gut microbiota. Here we re-evaluated the link between exercise-induced microbial changes and those associated with prediabetes and diabetes. We found that the relative abundances of substantial amounts of diabetes-associated metagenomic species associated negatively with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students cohort. We additionally showed that those microbial changes correlated more with handgrip strength, a simple but valuable biomarker suggestive of the diabetes states, than maximum oxygen intake, one of the key surrogates for endurance training. Moreover, the causal relationships among exercise, risks for diabetes, and gut microbiota were explored based on mediation analysis. We propose that the protective roles of exercise against type 2 diabetes are mediated, at least partly, by the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Kaiqing Lin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ruwen Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan Microbiome Center, and Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tiemin Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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21
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Valenzuela PL, Rivas-Baeza B, Fiuza-Luces C, Lucia A. Exerkine response to acute exercise: Still much to discover. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024:S2095-2546(24)00056-5. [PMID: 38615711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ("PaHerg"), Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" ("imas12"), Madrid 28041, Spain; Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Madrid 28871, Spain.
| | | | - Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ("PaHerg"), Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" ("imas12"), Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ("PaHerg"), Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" ("imas12"), Madrid 28041, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain
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22
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Sprenger HG, Mittenbühler MJ, Sun Y, Van Vranken JG, Schindler S, Jayaraj A, Khetarpal SA, Vargas-Castillo A, Puszynska AM, Spinelli JB, Armani A, Kunchok T, Ryback B, Seo HS, Song K, Sebastian L, O'Young C, Braithwaite C, Dhe-Paganon S, Burger N, Mills EL, Gygi SP, Arthanari H, Chouchani ET, Sabatini DM, Spiegelman BM. Ergothioneine boosts mitochondrial respiration and exercise performance via direct activation of MPST. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.10.588849. [PMID: 38645260 PMCID: PMC11030429 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.10.588849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a diet-derived, atypical amino acid that accumulates to high levels in human tissues. Reduced EGT levels have been linked to age-related disorders, including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, while EGT supplementation is protective in a broad range of disease and aging models in mice. Despite these promising data, the direct and physiologically relevant molecular target of EGT has remained elusive. Here we use a systematic approach to identify how mitochondria remodel their metabolome in response to exercise training. From this data, we find that EGT accumulates in muscle mitochondria upon exercise training. Proteome-wide thermal stability studies identify 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) as a direct molecular target of EGT; EGT binds to and activates MPST, thereby boosting mitochondrial respiration and exercise training performance in mice. Together, these data identify the first physiologically relevant EGT target and establish the EGT-MPST axis as a molecular mechanism for regulating mitochondrial function and exercise performance.
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23
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Zhou X, Shen X, Johnson JS, Spakowicz DJ, Agnello M, Zhou W, Avina M, Honkala A, Chleilat F, Chen SJ, Cha K, Leopold S, Zhu C, Chen L, Lyu L, Hornburg D, Wu S, Zhang X, Jiang C, Jiang L, Jiang L, Jian R, Brooks AW, Wang M, Contrepois K, Gao P, Rose SMSF, Tran TDB, Nguyen H, Celli A, Hong BY, Bautista EJ, Dorsett Y, Kavathas PB, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Snyder MP. Longitudinal profiling of the microbiome at four body sites reveals core stability and individualized dynamics during health and disease. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:506-526.e9. [PMID: 38479397 PMCID: PMC11022754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
To understand the dynamic interplay between the human microbiome and host during health and disease, we analyzed the microbial composition, temporal dynamics, and associations with host multi-omics, immune, and clinical markers of microbiomes from four body sites in 86 participants over 6 years. We found that microbiome stability and individuality are body-site specific and heavily influenced by the host. The stool and oral microbiome are more stable than the skin and nasal microbiomes, possibly due to their interaction with the host and environment. We identify individual-specific and commonly shared bacterial taxa, with individualized taxa showing greater stability. Interestingly, microbiome dynamics correlate across body sites, suggesting systemic dynamics influenced by host-microbial-environment interactions. Notably, insulin-resistant individuals show altered microbial stability and associations among microbiome, molecular markers, and clinical features, suggesting their disrupted interaction in metabolic disease. Our study offers comprehensive views of multi-site microbial dynamics and their relationship with host health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Xiaotao Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jethro S Johnson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Oxford Centre for Microbiome Studies, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Daniel J Spakowicz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Monica Avina
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Honkala
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Faye Chleilat
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shirley Jingyi Chen
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kexin Cha
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shana Leopold
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PRC
| | - Lin Lyu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PRC
| | - Daniel Hornburg
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Si Wu
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PRC
| | - Liuyiqi Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PRC
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruiqi Jian
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew W Brooks
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Hoan Nguyen
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Alessandra Celli
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bo-Young Hong
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Woody L Hunt School of Dental Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Eddy J Bautista
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Headquarters-Mosquera, Cundinamarca 250047, Colombia
| | - Yair Dorsett
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Paula B Kavathas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yanjiao Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Erica Sodergren
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Healthcare Innovation Labs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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24
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Qian P, Wang S, Zhang T, Wu J. Transcriptional Expression of Histone Acetyltransferases and Deacetylases During the Recovery of Acute Exercise in Mouse Hippocampus. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:34. [PMID: 38565829 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Protein acetylation, which is dynamically maintained by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs), might play essential roles in hippocampal exercise physiology. However, whether HATs/HDACs are imbalanced during the recovery phase following acute exercise has not been determined. Groups of exercised mice with different recovery periods after acute exercise (0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 4 h, 7 h, and 24 h) were constructed, and a group of sham-exercised mice was used as the control. The mRNA levels of HATs and HDACs were detected via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Lysine acetylation on the total proteins and some specific locations on histones were detected via western blotting, as were various acylation modifications on the total proteins. Except for four unaffected genes (Hdac4, Ncoa1, Ncoa2, and Sirt1), the mRNA expression trajectories of 21 other HATs or HDACs affected by exercise could be categorized into three clusters. The genes in Cluster 1 increased quickly following exercise, with a peak at 0.5 h and/or 1 h, and remained at high levels until 24 h. Cluster 2 genes presented a gradual increase with a delayed peak at 4 h or 7 h postexercise before returning to baseline. The expression of Cluster 3 genes decreased at 0.5 h and/or 1 h, with some returning to overexpression (Hdac1 and Sirt3). Although most HATs were upregulated and half of the affected HDACs were downregulated at 0.5 h postexercise, the global or residue-specific histone acetylation levels were unchanged. In contrast, the levels of several metabolism-related acylation products of total proteins, including acetylation, succinylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyryllysine, β-hydroxybutyryllysine, and lactylation, decreased and mainly occurred on nonhistones immediately after exercise. During the 24-h recovery phase after acute exercise, the transcriptional trajectory of HATs or the same class of HDACs in the hippocampus exhibited heterogeneity. Although acute exercise did not affect the selected sites on histone lysine residues, it possibly incurred changes in acetylation and other acylation on nonhistone proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qian
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Children Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
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25
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Noone J, Mucinski JM, DeLany JP, Sparks LM, Goodpaster BH. Understanding the variation in exercise responses to guide personalized physical activity prescriptions. Cell Metab 2024; 36:702-724. [PMID: 38262420 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that contribute to exercise response variation is the first step in achieving the goal of developing personalized exercise prescriptions. This review discusses the key molecular and other mechanistic factors, both extrinsic and intrinsic, that influence exercise responses and health outcomes. Extrinsic characteristics include the timing and dose of exercise, circadian rhythms, sleep habits, dietary interactions, and medication use, whereas intrinsic factors such as sex, age, hormonal status, race/ethnicity, and genetics are also integral. The molecular transducers of exercise (i.e., genomic/epigenomic, proteomic/post-translational, transcriptomic, metabolic/metabolomic, and lipidomic elements) are considered with respect to variability in physiological and health outcomes. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges that impede our ability to develop effective personalized exercise prescriptions. The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) aims to fill significant gaps in the understanding of exercise response variability, yet further investigations are needed to address additional health outcomes across all populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Noone
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | | | - James P DeLany
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Lauren M Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA.
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26
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Zatloukal J, Zylla S, Markus MRP, Ewert R, Gläser S, Völzke H, Albrecht D, Friedrich N, Nauck M, Peterson LR, Jiang X, Schaffer JE, Felix SB, Dörr M, Bahls M, Gross S. The Association Between C24:0/C16:0 Ceramide Ratio and Cardiorespiratory Fitness is Robust to Effect Modifications by Age and Sex. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300633. [PMID: 38342586 PMCID: PMC11149399 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Ceramides and cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness are both related to cardiovascular diseases. The associations of three blood plasma ceramides (C16:0, C22:0, and C24:0) with CR fitness in the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-START-1; n = 1,102; mean age 50.3 years, 51.5% women) are investigated. In addition, subgroup analysis according to age (≥54 years) and sex (female/male) is performed. Ceramides are quantified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). CR fitness is assessed by a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Sex and age independent associations are found for higher levels of C24:0 and C24:0/C16:0 ratio with higher maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak) kg-1 and oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold (VO2@AT1) as well as for the relation of C24:0/C16:0 with maximum workload (Wattmax kg-1). In contrast, age/sex subgroup specific inverse associations with Wattmax kg-1 are found in women <54 years for C22:0, while a positive association in men ≥54 years. Higher levels of C24:0 are associated with higher Wattmax kg-1, except for women <54 years, where no significant association can be found. The findings suggest that the use of single ceramides as cardiovascular biomarkers may be inferior, compared to ceramide ratio C24:0/C16:0. Therefore C24:0/C16:0 ratio may be a more suitable and robust cardiovascular biomarker and should be preferred over single ceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jule Zatloukal
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zylla
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcello R P Markus
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ralf Ewert
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sven Gläser
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau/Neukölln, 12351, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Diana Albrecht
- Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda R Peterson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jean E Schaffer
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Bahls
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Gross
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 17475, Partner-site Greifswald, Germany
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Dohm-Hansen S, English JA, Lavelle A, Fitzsimons CP, Lucassen PJ, Nolan YM. The 'middle-aging' brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:259-272. [PMID: 38508906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Middle age has historically been an understudied period of life compared to older age, when cognitive and brain health decline are most pronounced, but the scope for intervention may be limited. However, recent research suggests that middle age could mark a shift in brain aging. We review emerging evidence on multiple levels of analysis indicating that midlife is a period defined by unique central and peripheral processes that shape future cognitive trajectories and brain health. Informed by recent developments in aging research and lifespan studies in humans and animal models, we highlight the utility of modeling non-linear changes in study samples with wide subject age ranges to distinguish life stage-specific processes from those acting linearly throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dohm-Hansen
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jane A English
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Brain Plasticity Group, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Nemkov T, Cendali F, Dzieciatkowska M, Stephenson D, Hansen KC, Jankowski CM, D’Alessandro A, Marker RJ. A Multiomics Assessment of Preoperative Exercise in Pancreatic Cancer Survivors Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Case Series. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:166-182. [PMID: 38535623 PMCID: PMC10975467 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
To molecularly characterize the impact of exercise on mitigating neoadjuvant treatment (NAT)-induced physical decline in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, a multi-omics approach was employed for the analysis of plasma samples before and after a personalized exercise intervention. Consisting of personalized aerobic and resistance exercises, this intervention was associated with significant molecular changes that correlated with improvements in lean mass, appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), and performance in the 400-m walk test (MWT) and sit-to-stand test. These alterations indicated exercise-induced modulation of inflammation and mitochondrial function markers. This case study provides proof-of-principal application for multiomics-based assessments of supervised exercise, thereby supporting this intervention as a feasible and beneficial intervention for PDAC patients to potentially enhance treatment response and patient quality of life. The molecular changes observed here underscore the importance of physical activity in cancer treatment protocols, advocating for the development of accessible multiomics-guided exercise programs for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Francesca Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | | | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (F.C.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Ryan J. Marker
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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29
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Xing X, Sun Q, Wang R, Wang Y, Wang R. Impacts of glutamate, an exercise-responsive metabolite on insulin signaling. Life Sci 2024; 341:122471. [PMID: 38301875 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Disruption of the insulin signaling pathway leads to insulin resistance (IR). IR is characterized by impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Elevated levels of circulating glutamate are correlated with metabolic indicators and may potentially predict the onset of metabolic diseases. Glutamate receptor antagonists have significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity, and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Exercise is a well-known strategy to combat IR. The aims of our narrative review are to summarize preclinical and clinical findings to show the correlations between circulating glutamate levels, IR and metabolic diseases, discuss the causal role of excessive glutamate in IR and metabolic disturbance, and present an overview of the exercise-induced alteration in circulating glutamate levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted to identify studies on glutamate, insulin signaling, and exercise in the PubMed database. The search covered articles published from December 1955 to January 2024, using the search terms of "glutamate", "glutamic acid", "insulin signaling", "insulin resistance", "insulin sensitivity", "exercise", and "physical activity". KEY FINDINGS Elevated levels of circulating glutamate are correlated with IR. Excessive glutamate can potentially hinder the insulin signaling pathway through various mechanisms, including the activation of ectopic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Glutamate can also modify mitochondrial function through Ca2+ and induce purine degradation mediated by AMP deaminase 2. Exercise has the potential to decrease circulating levels of glutamate, which can be attributed to accelerated glutamate catabolism and enhanced glutamate uptake. SIGNIFICANCE Glutamate may act as a mediator in the exercise-induced improvement of insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Xing
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qin Sun
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruwen Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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30
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Kopecky BJ, Lavine KJ. Cardiac macrophage metabolism in health and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:249-262. [PMID: 37993313 PMCID: PMC10949041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac macrophages are essential mediators of cardiac development, tissue homeostasis, and response to injury. Cell-intrinsic shifts in metabolism and availability of metabolites regulate macrophage function. The human and mouse heart contain a heterogeneous compilation of cardiac macrophages that are derived from at least two distinct lineages. In this review, we detail the unique functional roles and metabolic profiles of tissue-resident and monocyte-derived cardiac macrophages during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis and in response to pathologic and physiologic stressors. We discuss the metabolic preferences of each macrophage lineage and how metabolism influences monocyte fate specification. Finally, we highlight the contribution of cardiac macrophages and derived metabolites on cell-cell communication, metabolic health, and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Kopecky
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kory J Lavine
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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31
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Norevik CS, Huuha AM, Røsbjørgen RN, Hildegard Bergersen L, Jacobsen K, Miguel-Dos-Santos R, Ryan L, Skender B, Moreira JBN, Kobro-Flatmoen A, Witter MP, Scrimgeour N, Tari AR. Exercised blood plasma promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in the Alzheimer's disease rat brain. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:245-255. [PMID: 37500010 PMCID: PMC10980897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training promotes brain plasticity and is associated with protection against cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). These beneficial effects may be partly mediated by blood-borne factors. Here we used an in vitro model of AD to investigate effects of blood plasma from exercise-trained donors on neuronal viability, and an in vivo rat model of AD to test whether such plasma impacts cognitive function, amyloid pathology, and neurogenesis. METHODS Mouse hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AD-like stress using amyloid-β and treated with plasma collected from human male donors 3 h after a single bout of high-intensity exercise. For in vivo studies, blood was collected from exercise-trained young male Wistar rats (high-intensity intervals 5 days/week for 6 weeks). Transgenic AD rats (McGill-R-Thy1-APP) were injected 5 times/fortnight for 6 weeks at 2 months or 5 months of age with either (a) plasma from the exercise-trained rats, (b) plasma from sedentary rats, or (c) saline. Cognitive function, amyloid plaque pathology, and neurogenesis were assessed. The plasma used for the treatment was analyzed for 23 cytokines. RESULTS Plasma from exercised donors enhanced cell viability by 44.1% (p = 0.032) and reduced atrophy by 50.0% (p < 0.001) in amyloid-β-treated cells. In vivo exercised plasma treatment did not alter cognitive function or amyloid plaque pathology but did increase hippocampal neurogenesis by ∼3 fold, regardless of pathological stage, when compared to saline-treated rats. Concentrations of 7 cytokines were significantly reduced in exercised plasma compared to sedentary plasma. CONCLUSION Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that plasma from exercise-trained donors can protect neuronal cells in culture and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the AD rat brain. This effect may be partly due to reduced pro-inflammatory signaling molecules in exercised plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Skarstad Norevik
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksi M Huuha
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ragnhild N Røsbjørgen
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Kamilla Jacobsen
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rodrigo Miguel-Dos-Santos
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Liv Ryan
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Belma Skender
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Computation, and Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jose Bianco N Moreira
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Computation, and Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer's Disease, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Menno P Witter
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Computation, and Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer's Disease, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nathan Scrimgeour
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atefe R Tari
- Cardiac Exercise Research Group (CERG), Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.
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Cao R, Tian H, Tian Y, Fu X. A Hierarchical Mechanotransduction System: From Macro to Micro. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302327. [PMID: 38145330 PMCID: PMC10953595 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is a strictly regulated process whereby mechanical stimuli, including mechanical forces and properties, are sensed and translated into biochemical signals. Increasing data demonstrate that mechanotransduction is crucial for regulating macroscopic and microscopic dynamics and functionalities. However, the actions and mechanisms of mechanotransduction across multiple hierarchies, from molecules, subcellular structures, cells, tissues/organs, to the whole-body level, have not been yet comprehensively documented. Herein, the biological roles and operational mechanisms of mechanotransduction from macro to micro are revisited, with a focus on the orchestrations across diverse hierarchies. The implications, applications, and challenges of mechanotransduction in human diseases are also summarized and discussed. Together, this knowledge from a hierarchical perspective has the potential to refresh insights into mechanotransduction regulation and disease pathogenesis and therapy, and ultimately revolutionize the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Diabetes Metabolism ResearchState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Medical SchoolWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduSichuan610041China
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Kleuskens MTA, Haasnoot ML, Garssen J, Bredenoord AJ, van Esch BCAM, Redegeld FA. Transcriptomic profiling of the acute mucosal response to local food injections in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:780-792. [PMID: 37972740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure of the esophageal mucosa to food allergens can cause acute mucosal responses in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but the underlying local immune mechanisms driving these acute responses are not well understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to gain insight into the early transcriptomic changes that occur during an acute mucosal response to food allergens in EoE. METHODS Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on esophageal biopsy specimens from adult patients with EoE (n = 5) collected before and 20 minutes after intramucosal injection of various food extracts in the esophagus. Baseline biopsy specimens from control subjects without EoE (n = 5) were also included. RESULTS At baseline, the transcriptome of the patients with EoE showed increased expression of genes related to an EoE signature. After local food injection, we identified 40 genes with a potential role in the early immune response to food allergens (most notably CEBPB, IL1B, TNFSF18, PHLDA2, and SLC15A3). These 40 genes were enriched in processes related to immune activation, such as the acute-phase response, cellular responses to external stimuli, and cell population proliferation. TNFSF18 (also called GITRL), a member of the TNF superfamily that is best studied for its costimulatory effect on T cells, was the most dysregulated early EoE gene, showing a 12-fold increase compared with baseline and an 18-fold increase compared with a negative visual response. Further experiments showed that the esophageal epithelium may be an important source of TNFSF18 in EoE, which was rapidly induced by costimulating esophageal epithelial cells with the EoE-relevant cytokines IL-13 and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide unprecedented insight into the transcriptomic changes that mediate the acute mucosal immune response to food allergens in EoE and suggest that TNFSF18 may be an important effector molecule in this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle T A Kleuskens
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria L Haasnoot
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Bredenoord
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty C A M van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Darragh IAJ, Egan B. Considerations for exerkine research focusing on the response to exercise training. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:130-132. [PMID: 37926387 PMCID: PMC10980895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian A J Darragh
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin D09 V209, Ireland
| | - Brendan Egan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin D09 V209, Ireland; Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA.
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35
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Jin L, Diaz-Canestro C, Wang Y, Tse MA, Xu A. Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:432-444. [PMID: 38321233 PMCID: PMC10940599 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, and has been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management of diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined as humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged as important players conferring some of the multiple cardiometabolic benefits of exercise. Over the past decades, hundreds of exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, and gut have been identified, and several exerkines (such as FGF21, IL-6, and adiponectin) have been exploited therapeutically as exercise mimetics for the treatment of various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances in metagenomics have led to the identification of gut microbiota, a so-called "hidden" metabolic organ, as an additional class of exerkines determining the efficacy of exercise in diabetes prevention, cardiac protection, and exercise performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies have shown the feasibility of using baseline exerkine signatures to predict individual responses to exercise with respect to metabolic and cardiorespiratory health. This review aims to explore the molecular pathways whereby exerkine networks mediate the cardiometabolic adaptations to exercise by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, and discuss the roadmaps for translating exerkine-based discovery into the therapeutic application and personalized medicine in the management of the cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Candela Diaz-Canestro
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Andrew Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Sports and Exercise, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Bidzan-Wiącek M, Błażek M, Antosiewicz J. The relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in males: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104145. [PMID: 38245936 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of depressive symptoms (DS) among physically active individuals tends to be lower compared to sedentary controls. This association seems to be moderated by gender and level of physical activity (PA). The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the relationship between PA and DS in males based on different levels of PA. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted following the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews. The literature search was conducted from January 1, 2003 to February 20, 2023. Cross-sectional and cohort studies including male participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analysis. Evidence from selected studies was synthesised as differences between odds ratios to assess whether DS were exhibited among those who were engaged in low, moderate, and high PA via random-effects meta-analyses. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42023417219. RESULTS Out of 1737 records identified, 5 eligible studies were included with a total of 35,811 participants. Results indicated significant effects of moderate PA on DS (OR = 0.68; 95 % C.I. 0.50-0.93). No effect of low and high PA on DS was found (OR = 0.79; 95 % C.I. 0.52-1.20 and OR = 0.78; 95 % C.I. 0.47-1.30). CONCLUSION Males who engage in moderate PA present lower prevalence of DS compared to no-PA reference. Such associations were not found for low or high PA. Hence, mental health benefits of PA could possibly be achieved at appropriate levels of PA. High heterogeneity between the studies should be considered when interpreting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bidzan-Wiącek
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Błażek
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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Hao F, Tian M, Wang H, Li S, Wang X, Jin X, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Tian M. Exercise-induced β-hydroxybutyrate promotes Treg cell differentiation to ameliorate colitis in mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23487. [PMID: 38345808 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301686rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Increasing attention is being paid to the mechanistic investigation of exercise-associated chronic inflammatory disease improvement. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. It is known that regular moderate aerobic exercise (RMAE) reduces the incidence or risk of UC, and attenuates disease progression in UC patients. However, the mechanisms of this RMAE's benefit are still under investigation. Here, we revealed that β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), a metabolite upon prolonged aerobic exercise, could contribute to RMAE preconditioning in retarding dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis. When blocking β-HB production, RMAE preconditioning-induced colitis amelioration was compromised, whereas supplementation of β-HB significantly rescued impaired β-HB production-associated defects. Meanwhile, we found that RMAE preconditioning significantly caused decreased colonic Th17/Treg ratio, which is considered to be important for colitis mitigation; and the downregulated Th17/Treg ratio was associated with β-HB. We further demonstrated that β-HB can directly promote the differentiation of Treg cell rather than inhibit Th17 cell generation. Furthermore, β-HB increased forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) expression, the core transcriptional factor for Treg cell, by enhancing histone H3 acetylation in the promoter and conserved noncoding sequences of the Foxp3 locus. In addition, fatty acid oxidation, the key metabolic pathway required for Treg cell differentiation, was enhanced by β-HB treatment. Lastly, administration of β-HB without exercise significantly boosted colonic Treg cell and alleviated colitis in mice. Together, we unveiled a previously unappreciated role for exercise metabolite β-HB in the promotion of Treg cell generation and RMAE preconditioning-associated colitis attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Hao
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meihong Tian
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Wu H, Hu Y, Jiang C, Chen C. Global scientific trends in research of epigenetic response to exercise: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25644. [PMID: 38370173 PMCID: PMC10869857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to comprehensively understand the adaptive response of multiple epigenetic modifications on gene expression changes driven by exercise. Here, we retrieved literatures from publications in the PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection databases up to and including October 15, 2023. After screening with the exclusion criteria, 1910 publications were selected in total, comprising 1399 articles and 511 reviews. Specifically, a total of 512, 224, and 772 publications is involved in DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs, respectively. The correlations between publication number, authors, institutions, countries, references, and the characteristics of hotspots were explored by CiteSpace. Here, the USA (621 publications) ranked the world's most-influential countries, the University of California System (68 publications) was the most productive, and Tiago Fernandes (14 publications) had the most-published publications. A comprehensive keyword analysis revealed that cardiovascular disease, cancer, skeletal muscle development, and metabolic syndrome, and are the research hotspots. The detailed impact of exercise was further discussed in different aspects of these three categories of epigenetic modifications. Detailed analysis of epigenetic modifications in response to exercise, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and changes in noncoding RNAs, will offer valuable information to help researchers understand hotspots and emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Cai Jiang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350122 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Joaquim A, Góis A, Soares A, Garcia C, Amarelo A, Antunes P, Afreixo V, Geraldes V, Capela A, Viamonte S, Alves AJ, Ferreira HB, Guerra I, Afonso AI, Domingues MR, Helguero LA. Effect of physical exercise on immune, inflammatory, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and fatty acids of breast cancer survivors: results from the MAMA_MOVE Gaia After Treatment trial. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:174. [PMID: 38378875 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical exercise has positive effects on clinical outcomes of breast cancer survivors such as quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression, body mass index, and physical fitness. We aimed to study its impact on immune, inflammatory, cardiometabolic, and fatty acids (FA) biomarkers. METHODS An exploratory sub-analysis of the MAMA_MOVE Gaia After Treatment trial (NCT04024280, registered July 18, 2019) was performed. Blood sample collections occurred during the control phase and at eight weeks of the intervention phase. Samples were subjected to complete leukocyte counts, cytokine, and cardiometabolic marker evaluation using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunoassays, and gas chromatography. RESULTS Ninety-three percent of the 15 participants had body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. We observed a decrease of the plasmatic saturated FA C20:0 [median difference - 0.08% (p = 0.048); mean difference - 0.1 (95%CI - 0.1, - 0.0)], positively associated with younger ages. A tendency to increase the saturated FA C18:0 and the ratio of unsaturated/saturated FA and a tendency to decrease neutrophils (within the normal range) and interferon-gamma were observed. CONCLUSIONS Positive trends of physical exercise on circulating immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and plasmatic FA were observed. Larger studies will further elucidate the implications of physical exercise on metabolism. These exploratory findings may contribute to future hypothesis-driven research and contribute to meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Joaquim
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho (CHVNG/E), 4434-502, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - André Góis
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anabela Soares
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina Garcia
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, 4475-690, Maia, Portugal
| | - Anabela Amarelo
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho (CHVNG/E), 4434-502, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Pedro Antunes
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Vera Afreixo
- Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Research & Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vera Geraldes
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon and Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Capela
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho (CHVNG/E), 4434-502, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viamonte
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centro de Reabilitação Do Norte, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, 4405-565, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Alberto J Alves
- ONCOMOVE®-Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), 4410-406, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, 4475-690, Maia, Portugal
| | - Helena B Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Mass Spectrometry Centre &, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Guerra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Mass Spectrometry Centre &, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana I Afonso
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon and Cardiovascular Centre of the University of Lisbon, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Mass Spectrometry Centre &, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luisa A Helguero
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Wang R, Ren C, Gao T, Li H, Bo X, Zhu D, Zhang D, Chen H, Zhang Y. SEPDB: a database of secreted proteins. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae007. [PMID: 38345567 PMCID: PMC10878045 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Detecting changes in the dynamics of secreted proteins in serum has been a challenge for proteomics. Enter secreted protein database (SEPDB), an integrated secretory proteomics database offering human, mouse and rat secretory proteomics datasets collected from serum, exosomes and cell culture media. SEPDB compiles secreted protein information from secreted protein database, UniProt and Human Protein Atlas databases to annotate secreted proteomics data based on protein subcellular localization and disease markers. SEPDB integrates the latest predictive modeling techniques to measure deviations in the distribution of signal peptide structures of secreted proteins, extends signal peptide sequence prediction by excluding transmembrane structural domain proteins and updates the validation analysis pipeline for secreted proteins. To establish tissue-specific profiles, we have also created secreted proteomics datasets associated with different human tissues. In addition, we provide information on heterogeneous receptor network organizational relationships, reflective of the complex functional information inherent in the molecular structures of secreted proteins that serve as ligands. Users can take advantage of the Refreshed Search, Analyze, Browse and Download functions of SEPDB, which is available online at https://sysomics.com/SEPDB/. Database URL: https://sysomics.com/SEPDB/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, #5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #4655 Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, #27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tian Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, #5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #4655 Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, #27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaochen Bo
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, #27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dahai Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, #5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #96 South Xingdao Ring Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, #4655 Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Hebing Chen
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, #27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, #5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #96 South Xingdao Ring Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510005, China
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Ashcroft SP, Stocks B, Egan B, Zierath JR. Exercise induces tissue-specific adaptations to enhance cardiometabolic health. Cell Metab 2024; 36:278-300. [PMID: 38183980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The risk associated with multiple cancers, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality is decreased in individuals who meet the current recommendations for physical activity. Therefore, regular exercise remains a cornerstone in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. An acute bout of exercise results in the coordinated interaction between multiple tissues to meet the increased energy demand of exercise. Over time, the associated metabolic stress of each individual exercise bout provides the basis for long-term adaptations across tissues, including the cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, gut, and brain. Therefore, regular exercise is associated with a plethora of benefits throughout the whole body, including improved cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, and glycemic control. Overall, we summarize the exercise-induced adaptations that occur within multiple tissues and how they converge to ultimately improve cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Ashcroft
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ben Stocks
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brendan Egan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Integrative Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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42
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Altmäe S, Plaza-Florido A, Esteban FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Krjutškov K, Katayama S, Einarsdottir E, Kere J, Radom-Aizik S, Ortega FB. Effects of exercise on whole-blood transcriptome profile in children with overweight/obesity. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e23983. [PMID: 37715654 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise is still limited, especially in childhood. We set out to investigate the effects of a 20-week exercise intervention on whole-blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) in children with overweight/obesity. METHODS Twenty-four children (10.21 ± 1.33 years, 46% girls) with overweight/obesity, were randomized to either a 20-week exercise program (intervention group; n = 10), or to a no-exercise control group (n = 14). Whole-blood transcriptome profile was analyzed using RNA-seq by STRT technique with GlobinLock technology. RESULTS Following the 20-week exercise intervention program, 161 genes were differentially expressed between the exercise and the control groups among boys, and 121 genes among girls (p-value <0.05), while after multiple correction, no significant difference between exercise and control groups persisted in gene expression profiles (FDR >0.05). Genes enriched in GO processes and molecular pathways showed different immune response in boys (antigen processing and presentation, infections, and T cell receptor complex) and in girls (Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway) (FDR <0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest that 20-week exercise intervention program alters the molecular pathways involved in immune processes in children with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Francisco J Esteban
- Systems Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaarel Krjutškov
- Competence Centre for Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Juha Kere
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Granada, Spain
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Zhou X, Shen X, Johnson JS, Spakowicz DJ, Agnello M, Zhou W, Avina M, Honkala A, Chleilat F, Chen SJ, Cha K, Leopold S, Zhu C, Chen L, Lyu L, Hornburg D, Wu S, Zhang X, Jiang C, Jiang L, Jiang L, Jian R, Brooks AW, Wang M, Contrepois K, Gao P, Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose SM, Binh Tran TD, Nguyen H, Celli A, Hong BY, Bautista EJ, Dorsett Y, Kavathas P, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Snyder MP. Longitudinal profiling of the microbiome at four body sites reveals core stability and individualized dynamics during health and disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.01.577565. [PMID: 38352363 PMCID: PMC10862915 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.577565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
To understand dynamic interplay between the human microbiome and host during health and disease, we analyzed the microbial composition, temporal dynamics, and associations with host multi-omics, immune and clinical markers of microbiomes from four body sites in 86 participants over six years. We found that microbiome stability and individuality are body-site-specific and heavily influenced by the host. The stool and oral microbiome were more stable than the skin and nasal microbiomes, possibly due to their interaction with the host and environment. Also, we identified individual-specific and commonly shared bacterial taxa, with individualized taxa showing greater stability. Interestingly, microbiome dynamics correlated across body sites, suggesting systemic coordination influenced by host-microbial-environment interactions. Notably, insulin-resistant individuals showed altered microbial stability and associations between microbiome, molecular markers, and clinical features, suggesting their disrupted interaction in metabolic disease. Our study offers comprehensive views of multi-site microbial dynamics and their relationship with host health and disease. Study Highlights The stability of the human microbiome varies among individuals and body sites.Highly individualized microbial genera are more stable over time.At each of the four body sites, systematic interactions between the environment, the host and bacteria can be detected.Individuals with insulin resistance have lower microbiome stability, a more diversified skin microbiome, and significantly altered host-microbiome interactions.
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Wei W, Raun SH, Long JZ. Molecular Insights From Multiomics Studies of Physical Activity. Diabetes 2024; 73:162-168. [PMID: 38241506 PMCID: PMC10796296 DOI: 10.2337/dbi23-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity confers systemic health benefits and provides powerful protection against disease. There has been tremendous interest in understanding the molecular effectors of exercise that mediate these physiologic effects. The modern growth of multiomics technologies-including metabolomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, lipidomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, and epigenomics-has provided unparalleled opportunities to systematically investigate the molecular changes associated with physical activity on an organism-wide scale. Here, we discuss how multiomics technologies provide new insights into the systemic effects of physical activity, including the integrative responses across organs as well as the molecules and mechanisms mediating tissue communication during exercise. We also highlight critical unanswered questions that can now be addressed using these high-dimensional tools and provide perspectives on fertile future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Steffen H. Raun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Z. Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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Zhao Y, Li C, Zhou S, He Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wen L. Enhanced glucose utilization of skeletal muscle after 4 weeks of intermittent hypoxia in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296815. [PMID: 38271325 PMCID: PMC10810429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent hypoxia intervention (IHI) has been shown to reduces blood glucose and improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and has been suggested as a complementary or alternative intervention to exercise for individuals with limited mobility. Previous research on IHI has assessed cellular glucose uptake rather than utilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a 4-week IHI, with or without an aerobic exercise, on skeletal muscle glucose utilization as indicated by the changes in pyruvate, lactate, NAD+, and NADH, using a mouse model of diet-induced T2D. In addition, the effects of one exposure to hypoxia (acute) and of a 4-week IHI (chronic) were compared to explore their relationship. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to normal control and high-fat-diet groups, and the mice that developed diet-induced diabetes were assigned to diabetes control, and intervention groups with 1 hour (acute) or 4 weeks (1 hour/day, 6 days/week) exposure to a hypoxic envrionment (0.15 FiO2), exercise (treadmill run) in normoxia, and exercise in hypoxia, respectively, with N = 7 in each group. The effects of the interventions on concentrations of fasting blood glucose, muscle glucose, GLUT4, lactate, pyruvate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and NADH were measured, and statistically compared between the groups. RESULTS Compared with diabetes control group, the mice treated in the hypoxic environment for 4 weeks showed a significantly higher pyruvate levels and lower lactate/pyruvate ratios in the quadriceps muscle, and the mice exposed to hypoxia without or with aerobic exercise for either for 4 weeks or just 1 hour showed higher NAD+ levels and lower NADH/NAD+ ratios. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to moderate hypoxia for either one bout or 4 weeks significantly increased the body's mitochondrial NAD cyclethe in diabetic mice even in the absence of aerobic exercise. The hypoxia and exercise interventions exhibited synergistic effects on glycolysis. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the effects of IHI in respect of the management of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhao
- School of Social Sports and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Youyu He
- School of Social Sports and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Li Wen
- School of Social Sports and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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46
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Qi S, Li X, Yu J, Yin L. Research advances in the application of metabolomics in exercise science. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1332104. [PMID: 38288351 PMCID: PMC10822880 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1332104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training can lead to changes in the metabolic composition of an athlete's blood, the magnitude of which depends largely on the intensity and duration of exercise. A variety of behavioral, biochemical, hormonal, and immunological biomarkers are commonly used to assess an athlete's physical condition during exercise training. However, traditional invasive muscle biopsy testing methods are unable to comprehensively detect physiological differences and metabolic changes in the body. Metabolomics technology is a high-throughput, highly sensitive technique that provides a comprehensive assessment of changes in small molecule metabolites (molecular weight <1,500 Da) in the body. By measuring the overall metabolic characteristics of biological samples, we can study the changes of endogenous metabolites in an organism or cell at a certain moment in time, and investigate the interconnection and dynamic patterns between metabolites and physiological changes, thus further understanding the interactions between genes and the environment, and providing possibilities for biomarker discovery, precise training and nutritional programming of athletes. This paper summaries the progress of research on the application of exercise metabolomics in sports science, and looks forward to the future development of exercise metabolomics, with a view to providing new approaches and perspectives for improving human performance, promoting exercise against chronic diseases, and advancing sports science research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Qi
- School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Xun Li
- School of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinglun Yu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Yin
- School of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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47
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Shen X, Kellogg R, Panyard DJ, Bararpour N, Castillo KE, Lee-McMullen B, Delfarah A, Ubellacker J, Ahadi S, Rosenberg-Hasson Y, Ganz A, Contrepois K, Michael B, Simms I, Wang C, Hornburg D, Snyder MP. Multi-omics microsampling for the profiling of lifestyle-associated changes in health. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:11-29. [PMID: 36658343 PMCID: PMC10805653 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Current healthcare practices are reactive and use limited physiological and clinical information, often collected months or years apart. Moreover, the discovery and profiling of blood biomarkers in clinical and research settings are constrained by geographical barriers, the cost and inconvenience of in-clinic venepuncture, low sampling frequency and the low depth of molecular measurements. Here we describe a strategy for the frequent capture and analysis of thousands of metabolites, lipids, cytokines and proteins in 10 μl of blood alongside physiological information from wearable sensors. We show the advantages of such frequent and dense multi-omics microsampling in two applications: the assessment of the reactions to a complex mixture of dietary interventions, to discover individualized inflammatory and metabolic responses; and deep individualized profiling, to reveal large-scale molecular fluctuations as well as thousands of molecular relationships associated with intra-day physiological variations (in heart rate, for example) and with the levels of clinical biomarkers (specifically, glucose and cortisol) and of physical activity. Combining wearables and multi-omics microsampling for frequent and scalable omics may facilitate dynamic health profiling and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Kellogg
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Panyard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nasim Bararpour
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Erazo Castillo
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brittany Lee-McMullen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Delfarah
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jessalyn Ubellacker
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sara Ahadi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yael Rosenberg-Hasson
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ariel Ganz
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Basil Michael
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian Simms
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chuchu Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Hornburg
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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48
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Zhu Y, Song G. Molecular origin and biological effects of exercise mimetics. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:73-85. [PMID: 38187084 PMCID: PMC10770624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of sports science and molecular biology technology, academia refers to molecules or microorganisms that mimic or enhance the beneficial effects of exercise on the body, called "exercise mimetics." This review aims to clarify the concept and development history of exercise mimetics, and to define the concept of exercise mimetics by summarizing its characteristics and functions. Candidate molecules and drug targets for exercise mimetics are summarized, and the relationship between exercise mimetics and exercise is explained, as well as the targeting system and function of exercise mimetics. The main targeting systems for exercise mimetics are the exercise system, circulatory system, endocrine system, endocrine system, and nervous system, while the immune system is potential targeting systems. Finally, future research directions for exercise mimetics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhu
- Key Lab of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Motor Function Monitoring, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gang Song
- Key Lab of Physical Fitness Evaluation and Motor Function Monitoring, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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49
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Giloteaux L, Glass KA, Germain A, Franconi CJ, Zhang S, Hanson MR. Dysregulation of extracellular vesicle protein cargo in female myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome cases and sedentary controls in response to maximal exercise. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12403. [PMID: 38173127 PMCID: PMC10764978 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In healthy individuals, physical exercise improves cardiovascular health and muscle strength, alleviates fatigue and reduces the risk of chronic diseases. Although exercise is suggested as a lifestyle intervention to manage various chronic illnesses, it negatively affects people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), who suffer from exercise intolerance. We hypothesized that altered extracellular vesicle (EV) signalling in ME/CFS patients after an exercise challenge may contribute to their prolonged and exacerbated negative response to exertion (post-exertional malaise). EVs were isolated by size exclusion chromatography from the plasma of 18 female ME/CFS patients and 17 age- and BMI-matched female sedentary controls at three time points: before, 15 min, and 24 h after a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test. EVs were characterized using nanoparticle tracking analysis and their protein cargo was quantified using Tandem Mass Tag-based (TMT) proteomics. The results show that exercise affects the EV proteome in ME/CFS patients differently than in healthy individuals and that changes in EV proteins after exercise are strongly correlated with symptom severity in ME/CFS. Differentially abundant proteins in ME/CFS patients versus controls were involved in many pathways and systems, including coagulation processes, muscle contraction (both smooth and skeletal muscle), cytoskeletal proteins, the immune system and brain signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Giloteaux
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Katherine A. Glass
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Arnaud Germain
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Carl J. Franconi
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Institute of BiotechnologyCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Maureen R. Hanson
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
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50
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Reitzner SM, Emanuelsson EB, Arif M, Kaczkowski B, Kwon AT, Mardinoglu A, Arner E, Chapman MA, Sundberg CJ. Molecular profiling of high-level athlete skeletal muscle after acute endurance or resistance exercise - A systems biology approach. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101857. [PMID: 38141850 PMCID: PMC10805945 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long-term high-level exercise training leads to improvements in physical performance and multi-tissue adaptation following changes in molecular pathways. While skeletal muscle baseline differences between exercise-trained and untrained individuals have been previously investigated, it remains unclear how training history influences human multi-omics responses to acute exercise. METHODS We recruited and extensively characterized 24 individuals categorized as endurance athletes with >15 years of training history, strength athletes or control subjects. Timeseries skeletal muscle biopsies were taken from M. vastus lateralis at three time-points after endurance or resistance exercise was performed and multi-omics molecular analysis performed. RESULTS Our analyses revealed distinct activation differences of molecular processes such as fatty- and amino acid metabolism and transcription factors such as HIF1A and the MYF-family. We show that endurance athletes have an increased abundance of carnitine-derivates while strength athletes increase specific phospholipid metabolites compared to control subjects. Additionally, for the first time, we show the metabolite sorbitol to be substantially increased with acute exercise. On transcriptional level, we show that acute resistance exercise stimulates more gene expression than acute endurance exercise. This follows a specific pattern, with endurance athletes uniquely down-regulating pathways related to mitochondria, translation and ribosomes. Finally, both forms of exercise training specialize in diverging transcriptional directions, differentiating themselves from the transcriptome of the untrained control group. CONCLUSIONS We identify a "transcriptional specialization effect" by transcriptional narrowing and intensification, and molecular specialization effects on metabolomic level Additionally, we performed multi-omics network and cluster analysis, providing a novel resource of skeletal muscle transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling in highly trained and untrained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M Reitzner
- Department Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Eric B Emanuelsson
- Department Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bogumil Kaczkowski
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama, 1 Chome-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumi Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Andrew Tj Kwon
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama, 1 Chome-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumi Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Arner
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama, 1 Chome-7-22 Suehirocho, Tsurumi Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1 Chome-3-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Department Physiology & Pharmacology, Department Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Integrated Engineering, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalà Park, San Diego, CA 92110, USA
| | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department Physiology & Pharmacology, Department Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
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