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Wang T, Zhou D, Hong Z. Adipose tissue in older individuals: a contributing factor to sarcopenia. Metabolism 2024; 160:155998. [PMID: 39128607 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a functional decline in muscle. The prevalence of sarcopenia increases with natural aging, becoming a serious health problem among elderly individuals. Therefore, understanding the pathology of sarcopenia is critical for inhibiting age-related alterations and promoting health and longevity in elderly individuals. The development of sarcopenia may be influenced by interactions between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, particularly under conditions of chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This hypothesis is supported by the following observations: (i) accumulation of senescent cells in both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with age; (ii) gut dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in gut microbial communities as the main trigger for inflammation, sarcopenia, and aged adipose tissue; and (iii) microbial dysbiosis, which could impact the onset or progression of a senescent state. Moreover, adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ, releasing molecules that participate in intricate communication networks between organs. Our discussion focuses on novel adipokines and their role in regulating adipose tissue and muscle, particularly those influenced by aging and obesity, emphasizing their contributions to disease development. On the basis of these findings, we propose that age-related adipose tissue and sarcopenia are disorders characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Finally, we explore new potential therapeutic strategies involving specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists, non-SPM GPCR agonists, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, antidiabetic drugs in conjunction with probiotics and prebiotics, and compounds designed to target senescent cells and mitigate their pro-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurology, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Wang B, Han D, Hu X, Chen J, Liu Y, Wu J. Exploring the role of a novel postbiotic bile acid: Interplay with gut microbiota, modulation of the farnesoid X receptor, and prospects for clinical translation. Microbiol Res 2024; 287:127865. [PMID: 39121702 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota, mainly resides in the colon, possesses a remarkable ability to metabolize different substrates to create bioactive substances, including short-chain fatty acids, indole-3-propionic acid, and secondary bile acids. In the liver, bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol and then undergo modification by the gut microbiota. Beyond those reclaimed by the enterohepatic circulation, small percentage of bile acids escaped reabsorption, entering the systemic circulation to bind to several receptors, such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), thereby exert their biological effects. Gut microbiota interplays with bile acids by affecting their synthesis and determining the production of secondary bile acids. Reciprocally, bile acids shape out the structure of gut microbiota. The interplay of bile acids and FXR is involved in the development of multisystemic conditions, encompassing metabolic diseases, hepatobiliary diseases, immune associated disorders. In the review, we aim to provide a thorough review of the intricate crosstalk between the gut microbiota and bile acids, the physiological roles of bile acids and FXR in mammals' health and disease, and the clinical translational considerations of gut microbiota-bile acids-FXR in the treatment of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China.
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Zhang K, Zhang Q, Qiu H, Ma Y, Hou N, Zhang J, Kan C, Han F, Sun X, Shi J. The complex link between the gut microbiome and obesity-associated metabolic disorders: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37609. [PMID: 39290267 PMCID: PMC11407058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial interactions are widespread and important processes that support the link between disease and microbial ecology. The gut microbiota is a major source of microbial stimuli that can have detrimental or beneficial effects on human health. It is also an endocrine organ that maintains energy homeostasis and host immunity. Obesity is a highly and increasingly prevalent metabolic disease and the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. An imbalance in the gut microbiome is associated with several diseases including obesity-related metabolic disorders. This review summarizes the complex association between the gut microbiome and obesity-associated metabolic diseases and validates the role and mechanisms of ecological dysregulation in the gut in obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Therapies that could potentially alleviate obesity-associated metabolic diseases by modulating the gut microbiota are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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Chen H, Cao J, Zhang F, Xiong W. Significance of Gut Microbiota on Graves' Disease. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:3967-3974. [PMID: 39281039 PMCID: PMC11402343 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s467888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing research proves gut microbiota and thyroid autoimmunity are linked. Graves' disease (GD), as an autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), is attributed to the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies that bind to the thyroid follicular endothelial cells. It is well known that genetic factors, environmental factors, and immune disorders count for much in the development of GD. So far, the pathogenesis of GD is not elucidated. Emerging research reveals that the change in gut microbiota composition and its metabolites are related to GD. The gut microbial diversity is reduced in GDs compared with healthy controls (HCs). Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes account for a large proportion at the genus level. It is found that phyla Bacteroidetes increased while phyla Firmicutes decreased in Graves' Disease patients (GD patients). Moreover, gut microbiota modulates the immune system to produce cytokines through bacterial metabolites. This article aims to find out the relation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the development of GD. As more molecular pathways of bacterial metabolites are revealed, targeting microbiota is expected to the treatment of GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Chen
- Wuzhou Workers Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
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Luo Y, Wen Y, Huang J, Chen B, Lv S, Qiu H, Li S, Liu S, Yang Q, He L, Yu Z, Zhao M, He M, Li D, Gu C. Matcha alleviates obesity by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 9:100823. [PMID: 39253721 PMCID: PMC11381447 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Matcha shows promise for diabetes, obesity, and gut microbiota disorders. Studies suggest a significant link between gut microbiota, metabolites, and obesity. Thus, matcha may have a positive impact on obesity by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites. This study used 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to examine the cecal contents in mice. By correlation analysis, we explored the potential mechanisms responsible for the positive effects of matcha on obesity. The results indicated that matcha had a mitigating effect on the detrimental impacts of a high-fat diet (HFD) on multiple physiological indicators in mice, including body weight, adipose tissue weight, serum total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, as well as glucose tolerance. Moreover, it was observed that matcha had an impact on the structural composition of gut microbiota and gut metabolites. Specifically, matcha was able to reverse the alterations in the abundance of certain obesity-improving bacteria, such as Alloprevotella, Ileibacterium, and Rikenella, as well as the abundance of obesity-promoting bacteria Romboutsia, induced by a HFD. Furthermore, matcha can influence the levels of metabolites, including formononetin, glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, and taurochenodeoxycholate, within the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, matcha enhances caffeine metabolism and the HIF-1 signaling pathway in the KEGG pathway. The results of the correlation analysis suggest that formononetin, theobromine, 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid, and Vitamin C displayed negative correlation with both the obesity phenotype and microbiota known to exacerbate obesity, while demonstrating positive correlations with microbiota that alleviated obesity. However, glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, and taurochenodeoxycholate had the opposite effect. In conclusion, the impact of matcha on gut metabolites may be attributed to its modulation of the abundance of Alloprevotella, Ileibacterium, Rikenella, and Romboutsia within the gastrointestinal tract, thereby potentially contributing to the amelioration of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Luo
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingrong Huang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baoting Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuya Lv
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuaibing Li
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Songwei Liu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lvqin He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, 643002, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang Y, Xu H, Zhou X, Chen W, Zhou H. Dysregulated bile acid homeostasis: unveiling its role in metabolic diseases. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:262-283. [PMID: 39135605 PMCID: PMC11317083 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2024-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining bile acid homeostasis is essential for metabolic health. Bile acid homeostasis encompasses a complex interplay between biosynthesis, conjugation, secretion, and reabsorption. Beyond their vital role in digestion and absorption of lipid-soluble nutrients, bile acids are pivotal in systemic metabolic regulation. Recent studies have linked bile acid dysregulation to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Bile acids are essential signaling molecules that regulate many critical biological processes, including lipid metabolism, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism. Disruption in bile acid homeostasis contributes to metabolic disease via altered bile acid feedback mechanisms, hormonal dysregulation, interactions with the gut microbiota, and changes in the expression and function of bile acid transporters and receptors. This review summarized the essential molecular pathways and regulatory mechanisms through which bile acid dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of obesity, T2DM, and MASLD. We aim to underscore the significance of bile acids as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic agents in the context of metabolic diseases, providing insights into their application in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huangru Xu
- School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiqiao Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
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Lee J, Wellenstein K, Rahnavard A, Nelson AT, Holter MM, Cummings BP, Yeliseyev V, Castoldi A, Clish CB, Bry L, Siegel D, Kahn BB. Beneficial metabolic effects of PAHSAs depend on the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese mice but not in chow-fed mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318691121. [PMID: 38968121 PMCID: PMC11252816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318691121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids play an essential role in regulating the function of the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tract, and these luminal interactions contribute to mediating host metabolism. Palmitic Acid Hydroxy Stearic Acids (PAHSAs) are a family of lipids with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, but whether the gut microbiota contributes to their beneficial effects on host metabolism is unknown. Here, we report that treating chow-fed female and male germ-free (GF) mice with PAHSAs improves glucose tolerance, but these effects are lost upon high fat diet (HFD) feeding. However, transfer of feces from PAHSA-treated, but not vehicle-treated, chow-fed conventional mice increases insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed GF mice. Thus, the gut microbiota is necessary for, and can transmit, the insulin-sensitizing effects of PAHSAs in HFD-fed GF male mice. Analyses of the cecal metagenome and lipidome of PAHSA-treated mice identified multiple lipid species that associate with the gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt) and with insulin sensitivity resulting from PAHSA treatment. Supplementing live, and to some degree, heat-killed Bt to HFD-fed female mice prevented weight gain, reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, fortified the colonic mucus barrier and reduced systemic inflammation compared to HFD-fed controls. These effects were not observed in HFD-fed male mice. Furthermore, ovariectomy partially reversed the beneficial Bt effects on host metabolism, indicating a role for sex hormones in mediating the Bt probiotic effects. Altogether, these studies highlight the fact that PAHSAs can modulate the gut microbiota and that the microbiota is necessary for the beneficial metabolic effects of PAHSAs in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Kerry Wellenstein
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
| | - Ali Rahnavard
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC20052
| | - Andrew T. Nelson
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Marlena M. Holter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14850
| | - Bethany P. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA95817
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA95616
| | - Vladimir Yeliseyev
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife50670-901, Brazil
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Lynn Bry
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92093
| | - Barbara B. Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02215
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Liang F, Song Y, Lin D, He H, Xu J, He X, Wu L. Washed Microbiota Transplantation Is Associated With Improved Lipid Profiles: Long-Term Efficacy and Safety in an Observational Cohort From South China. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2024; 15:e00735. [PMID: 38920288 PMCID: PMC11272356 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors of chronic metabolic diseases. Our previous studies have shown that washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) has a significant improvement effect on patients with hyperlipidemia and hypolipemia in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to further explore the long-term efficacy and safety of WMT in patients with hyperlipidemia. METHODS Clinical data of patients who received WMT for multicourse were collected. Changes of blood lipid indexes before and after WMT, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), lipoprotein A, and Apolipoprotein B. RESULTS A total of 124 patients were enrolled, including 56 cases in the hyperlipidemia group and 68 cases with normal lipids. The mean observation time was 787.80 ± 371.45 days, and the longest follow-up time was 1,534 days. TC and non-HDL-C in the hyperlipidemia group with 1-4 courses of WMT were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05); TG decreased significantly after the second course ( P < 0.05); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also significantly decreased after the fourth course of treatment ( P < 0.05); TG, TC, and non-HDL-C significantly decreased in single course, double course, and multiple course, respectively ( P < 0.05). In terms of time period, over 1 year, the improvement in multicourse treatment was more significant than the single and double-course ones. In terms of comprehensive efficacy, WMT restored 32.14% of patients in the hyperlipidemia group to the normal lipid group ( P < 0.001), of which 30.00% recovered to the normal lipid group within 1 year ( P = 0.004) and 65.38% were reassigned to the normal lipid group over 1 year ( P = 0.003). In addition, over the 1-year treatment period, WMT significantly degraded the high-risk and medium-risk groups of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk stratification in hyperlipidemia cases. There were no serious adverse events. DISCUSSION WMT had a long-term improvement effect on patients with hyperlipidemia. The effect of multiple courses over 1 year was more significant than that of single/double courses and also had a significant destratification effect on the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with high safety. Therefore, WMT provides a safe and long-term effective clinical treatment for patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Youlin Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Dejiang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Hongxin He
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiating Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Xingxiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China;
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China;
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Florkowski M, Abiona E, Frank KM, Brichacek AL. Obesity-associated inflammation countered by a Mediterranean diet: the role of gut-derived metabolites. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1392666. [PMID: 38978699 PMCID: PMC11229823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1392666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide and has become a critical public health priority. Obesity is associated with many co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although the physiology of obesity is complex, a healthy diet and sufficient exercise are two elements known to be critical to combating this condition. Years of research on the Mediterranean diet, which is high in fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, fish, and olive oil, have demonstrated a reduction in numerous non-communicable chronic diseases associated with this diet. There is strong evidence to support an anti-inflammatory effect of the diet, and inflammation is a key driver of obesity. Changes in diet alter the gut microbiota which are intricately intertwined with human physiology, as gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a key role in biological pathways throughout the body. This review will summarize recent published studies that examine the potential role of gut metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and lipopolysaccharide, in modulating inflammation after consumption of a Mediterranean-like diet. These metabolites modulate pathways of inflammation through the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, toll-like receptor 4 signaling, and macrophage driven effects in adipocytes, among other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Florkowski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Esther Abiona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen M Frank
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Allison L Brichacek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States
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10
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He H, Li M, Qiu Y, Wu Z, Wu L. Washed microbiota transplantation improves sleep quality in patients with sleep disorder by the gut-brain axis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1415167. [PMID: 38979127 PMCID: PMC11228149 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1415167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical impact of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) from healthy donors in sleep disorder (SD) patients is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of WMT in SD patients. Methods The clinical data were collected from patients with different indications receiving 1-3 courses of WMT, divided into two groups by 7 points of PSQI scale. The score of PQSI and SF-36 scale was used to assess the improvement in sleep quality and life quality among patients with sleep disorders following WMT. Finally, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on fecal samples of patients with sleep disorders before and after WMT. Results WMT significantly improved sleep quality in patients with sleep disorder in the short and medium term. WMT significantly improved sleep latency, sleep time and total score in the short term. WMT significantly improved sleep quality and total score in the medium term. In terms of sleep quality and sleep latency, the improvement value also increased with the increase of treatment course, and the improvement effect of multiple treatment course was better than that of single and double treatment course. In the total score, the improvement effect of double and multiple treatment was better than that of single treatment. WMT also improved quality of life in the sleep disorder group. WMT significantly improved general health, vitality, social function and mental health in the short term. WMT significantly improved role-physical, general health, vitality, and mental health in the medium term. WMT regulated the disturbed gut microbiota in patients with sleep disorders. In the normal sleep group, WMT had no effect on the decline of sleep quality in the short, medium and long term, and had an improving effect on the quality of life. Conclusion WMT could significantly improve sleep quality and life quality in patients with sleep disorders with no adverse events. The improvement in sleep quality resulting from WMT could lead to an overall enhancement in life quality. WMT could be a potentially effective treatment for patients with sleep disorders by regulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin He
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Xinhai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Yadegar A, Bar-Yoseph H, Monaghan TM, Pakpour S, Severino A, Kuijper EJ, Smits WK, Terveer EM, Neupane S, Nabavi-Rad A, Sadeghi J, Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Nap-Hill E, Leung D, Wong K, Kao D. Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0006022. [PMID: 38717124 PMCID: PMC11325845 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYGiven the importance of gut microbial homeostasis in maintaining health, there has been considerable interest in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for restoring gut microbiota. One such approach, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), is the main "whole gut microbiome replacement" strategy and has been integrated into clinical practice guidelines for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). Furthermore, the potential application of FMT in other indications such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), metabolic syndrome, and solid tumor malignancies is an area of intense interest and active research. However, the complex and variable nature of FMT makes it challenging to address its precise functionality and to assess clinical efficacy and safety in different disease contexts. In this review, we outline clinical applications, efficacy, durability, and safety of FMT and provide a comprehensive assessment of its procedural and administration aspects. The clinical applications of FMT in children and cancer immunotherapy are also described. We focus on data from human studies in IBD in contrast with rCDI to delineate the putative mechanisms of this treatment in IBD as a model, including colonization resistance and functional restoration through bacterial engraftment, modulating effects of virome/phageome, gut metabolome and host interactions, and immunoregulatory actions of FMT. Furthermore, we comprehensively review omics technologies, metagenomic approaches, and bioinformatics pipelines to characterize complex microbial communities and discuss their limitations. FMT regulatory challenges, ethical considerations, and pharmacomicrobiomics are also highlighted to shed light on future development of tailored microbiome-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haggai Bar-Yoseph
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tanya Marie Monaghan
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sepideh Pakpour
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UBC, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrea Severino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ed J Kuijper
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M Terveer
- Center for Microbiota Analysis and Therapeutics (CMAT), Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sukanya Neupane
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Sadeghi
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UBC, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Estello Nap-Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dickson Leung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Mullish BH, Merrick B, Quraishi MN, Bak A, Green CA, Moore DJ, Porter RJ, Elumogo NT, Segal JP, Sharma N, Marsh B, Kontkowski G, Manzoor SE, Hart AL, Settle C, Keller JJ, Hawkey P, Iqbal TH, Goldenberg SD, Williams HRT. The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and other potential indications: second edition of joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines. Gut 2024; 73:1052-1075. [PMID: 38609165 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The first British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS)-endorsed faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) guidelines were published in 2018. Over the past 5 years, there has been considerable growth in the evidence base (including publication of outcomes from large national FMT registries), necessitating an updated critical review of the literature and a second edition of the BSG/HIS FMT guidelines. These have been produced in accordance with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-accredited methodology, thus have particular relevance for UK-based clinicians, but are intended to be of pertinence internationally. This second edition of the guidelines have been divided into recommendations, good practice points and recommendations against certain practices. With respect to FMT for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), key focus areas centred around timing of administration, increasing clinical experience of encapsulated FMT preparations and optimising donor screening. The latter topic is of particular relevance given the COVID-19 pandemic, and cases of patient morbidity and mortality resulting from FMT-related pathogen transmission. The guidelines also considered emergent literature on the use of FMT in non-CDI settings (including both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal indications), reviewing relevant randomised controlled trials. Recommendations are provided regarding special areas (including compassionate FMT use), and considerations regarding the evolving landscape of FMT and microbiome therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Blair Merrick
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mohammed Nabil Quraishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - Aggie Bak
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Green
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David J Moore
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert J Porter
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospitals, Barrack Road, UK
| | - Ngozi T Elumogo
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Jonathan P Segal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - Belinda Marsh
- Lay representative for FMT Working Party, Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - Graziella Kontkowski
- Lay representative for FMT Working Party, Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
- C.diff support, London, UK
| | - Susan E Manzoor
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Ailsa L Hart
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Middlesex, UK
| | | | - Josbert J Keller
- Department of Gastroenterology, Haaglanden Medisch Centrum, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hawkey
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tariq H Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - Simon D Goldenberg
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Horace R T Williams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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13
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Mao X, Larsen SB, Zachariassen LSF, Brunse A, Adamberg S, Mejia JLC, Larsen F, Adamberg K, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK, Hansen CHF, Rasmussen TS. Transfer of modified gut viromes improves symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome in obese male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4704. [PMID: 38830845 PMCID: PMC11148109 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome encompasses amongst other conditions like obesity and type-2 diabetes and is associated with gut microbiome (GM) dysbiosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been explored to treat metabolic syndrome by restoring the GM; however, concerns on accidentally transferring pathogenic microbes remain. As a safer alternative, fecal virome transplantation (FVT, sterile-filtrated feces) has the advantage over FMT in that mainly bacteriophages are transferred. FVT from lean male donors have shown promise in alleviating the metabolic effects of high-fat diet in a preclinical mouse study. However, FVT still carries the risk of eukaryotic viral infections. To address this, recently developed methods are applied for removing or inactivating eukaryotic viruses in the viral component of FVT. Modified FVTs are compared with unmodified FVT and saline in a diet-induced obesity model on male C57BL/6 N mice. Contrasted with obese control, mice administered a modified FVT (nearly depleted for eukaryotic viruses) exhibits enhanced blood glucose clearance but not weight loss. The unmodified FVT improves liver pathology and reduces the proportions of immune cells in the adipose tissue with a non-uniform response. GM analysis suggests that bacteriophage-mediated GM modulation influences outcomes. Optimizing these approaches could lead to the development of safe bacteriophage-based therapies targeting metabolic syndrome through GM restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Mao
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Sabina Birgitte Larsen
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Line Sidsel Fisker Zachariassen
- Section of Preclinical Disease Biology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anders Brunse
- Section of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Signe Adamberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Josue Leonardo Castro Mejia
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Frej Larsen
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Kaarel Adamberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Section of Preclinical Disease Biology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen
- Section of Preclinical Disease Biology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Torben Sølbeck Rasmussen
- Section of Food Microbiology, Gut Health, and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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14
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Mullish BH, Merrick B, Quraishi MN, Bak A, Green CA, Moore DJ, Porter RJ, Elumogo NT, Segal JP, Sharma N, Marsh B, Kontkowski G, Manzoor SE, Hart AL, Settle C, Keller JJ, Hawkey P, Iqbal TH, Goldenberg SD, Williams HRT. The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and other potential indications: second edition of joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines. J Hosp Infect 2024; 148:189-219. [PMID: 38609760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The first British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS)-endorsed faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) guidelines were published in 2018. Over the past 5 years, there has been considerable growth in the evidence base (including publication of outcomes from large national FMT registries), necessitating an updated critical review of the literature and a second edition of the BSG/HIS FMT guidelines. These have been produced in accordance with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-accredited methodology, thus have particular relevance for UK-based clinicians, but are intended to be of pertinence internationally. This second edition of the guidelines have been divided into recommendations, good practice points and recommendations against certain practices. With respect to FMT for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), key focus areas centred around timing of administration, increasing clinical experience of encapsulated FMT preparations and optimising donor screening. The latter topic is of particular relevance given the COVID-19 pandemic, and cases of patient morbidity and mortality resulting from FMT-related pathogen transmission. The guidelines also considered emergent literature on the use of FMT in non-CDI settings (including both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal indications), reviewing relevant randomised controlled trials. Recommendations are provided regarding special areas (including compassionate FMT use), and considerations regarding the evolving landscape of FMT and microbiome therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - B Merrick
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M N Quraishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - A Bak
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - C A Green
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D J Moore
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R J Porter
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospitals, Barrack Road, UK
| | - N T Elumogo
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - J P Segal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - B Marsh
- Lay Representative for FMT Working Party, Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - G Kontkowski
- Lay Representative for FMT Working Party, Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK; C.diff support, London, UK
| | - S E Manzoor
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - A L Hart
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Gastroenterology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Middlesex, UK
| | - C Settle
- South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, South Shields, UK
| | - J J Keller
- Department of Gastroenterology, Haaglanden Medisch Centrum, The Hague, The Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Hawkey
- Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK; Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T H Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK; Microbiome Treatment Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK; Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, London, UK
| | - S D Goldenberg
- Centre for Clinical Infection and Diagnostics Research, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - H R T Williams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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15
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Sahle Z, Engidaye G, Shenkute Gebreyes D, Adenew B, Abebe TA. Fecal microbiota transplantation and next-generation therapies: A review on targeting dysbiosis in metabolic disorders and beyond. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241257486. [PMID: 38826830 PMCID: PMC11143861 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241257486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, has emerged as a central determinant of health and disease. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbial composition of the gut, is associated with a variety of metabolic and other diseases, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted treatments. Fecal microbiota transplantation has received considerable attention as a promising therapy to modulate the gut microbiome and restore microbial homeostasis. However, challenges remain, including standardization, safety, and long-term efficacy. This review summarizes current knowledge on fecal microbiota transplantation and describes the next generation therapies targeting microbiome. This review looked at the mechanistic understanding of fecal microbiota transplantation and alternative strategies, elucidating their potential role in improving dysbiosis-associated metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and type 2 diabetes and others. Additionally, this review discussed the growing application of therapies targeting the gut microbiome. Insights from clinical trials, preclinical studies, and emerging technologies provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of microbiome-based interventions. Through a critical assessment of current advances and prospects, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting gut microbiome and pave the way for innovative approaches in precision medicine and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenawork Sahle
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Getabalew Engidaye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Demissew Shenkute Gebreyes
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Adenew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debre Berhan Compressive Specialized Hospital, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Tsegahun Asfaw Abebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Asrat Weldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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16
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Zheng YM, Wu HY, Ye MM, Cai JY, Yuan Y, Xie WR, Xu JT, Liu T, He XX, Wu LH. Comparison of the use of a spiral nasojejunal tube and transendoscopic enteral tubing in washed microbiota transplantation via the mid-gut route. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30310. [PMID: 38742080 PMCID: PMC11089310 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Methods for washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) through the mid-gut include transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) and manual spiral nasojejunal tube (SNT) placement have not been studied. Methods This prospective interventional study was performed at a single centre. Patients were divided into the SNT and mid-gut TET groups based on their conditions and wishes. In the SNT group, an SNT was passively inserted into the stomach, and abdominal X-rays were taken within 24 h to confirm tube placement in the small intestine. In the mid-gut TET group, mid-gut TET was placed in the small intestine for gastroscopy. Data on the clinical efficacy of WMT, intubation time, cost, overall comfort score, adverse reactions, etc., were collected from the two groups. Results Sixty-three patients were included in the study (SNT group (n = 40) and mid-gut TET group (n = 23)). The clinical efficacy of WMT in the SNT and mid-gut TET groups was 90 % and 95.7 %, respectively (P = 0.644). Compared with the mid-gut TET group, the SNT group showed a shorter operation time (120 s vs. 258 s, P = 0.001) and a lower average cost (641.7 yuan vs. 1702.1 yuan, P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the overall comfort score or the incidence of common discomfort symptoms between the two groups. Conclusion The different implantation methods have different advantages; compared with mid-gut TET placement, manual SNT placement provides some benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Mei Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Yi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie-Yi Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen-Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Ting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing-Xiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Research Center for Engineering Techniques of Microbiota-Targeted Therapies of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
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18
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Allegretti JR, Khanna S, Mullish BH, Feuerstadt P. The Progression of Microbiome Therapeutics for the Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Beyond. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)04915-1. [PMID: 38754739 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
There has been an increased ability to investigate the human microbiota through next-generation sequencing and functional assessment. This advancement has rapidly expanded our ability to study and manipulate the gastrointestinal microbiome to mitigate disease. Fecal microbiota transplantation, a therapy that broadly transfers the entire intestinal ecosystem, has been explored as a potential therapeutic in a variety of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and extraintestinal conditions. The field, however, continues to evolve, with a movement toward precision microbiome therapeutics, individualizing care for various disorders. This review will describe the use of fecal microbiota transplantation, microbiota restoration, and precision microbiome therapeutics, focusing on gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Allegretti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Sahil Khanna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Feuerstadt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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19
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Romano L, Napolitano L, Crocetto F, Sciorio C, Sio MD, Miranda A, Romano M, Priadko K. Prostate and gut: Any relationship? A narrative review on the available evidence and putative mechanisms. Prostate 2024; 84:513-524. [PMID: 38353479 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome is a community of microorganisms that lives in the human intestine and exerts various functions on the host, including metabolic, immunoregulatory, and control over cell proliferation. Gut microbiome alterations have been associated with various pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut-prostate axis is explained by the association between gut microbiome quantitative and functional alterations along with increased intestinal epithelial permeability with prostatediseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical importance of this association are not completely clarified yet. METHODS We conducted a narrative review of the most relevant articles in the Medline (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA), Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters, Toronto, ON, Canada) databases. No chronological restrictions were applied, and the most related papers published until December 2023 were included. RESULTS Gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites are capable of modifying host androgen level, as well as prostate cancer (PCa) therapy response. Moreover, patients with inflammatory bowel disease have higher rates of prostatitis-like symptoms and a potential risk of developing PCa. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence that interventions on the GM and its metabolites have a high potential to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for prostate diseases, including PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Romano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Urology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marco De Sio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Urology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Miranda
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Kateryna Priadko
- Department of Precision Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology Unit, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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20
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Bu T, Sun Z, Pan Y, Deng X, Yuan G. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1: New Regulator in Lipid Metabolism. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:354-372. [PMID: 38650100 PMCID: PMC11140404 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino acid peptide hormone that is mainly expressed in the intestine and hypothalamus. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have shown that GLP-1 is closely related to lipid metabolism, and it can participate in lipid metabolism by inhibiting fat synthesis, promoting fat differentiation, enhancing cholesterol metabolism, and promoting adipose browning. GLP-1 plays a key role in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism. It is expected to become a new target for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The effects of GLP-1 and dual agonists on lipid metabolism also provide a more complete treatment plan for metabolic diseases. This article reviews the recent research progress of GLP-1 in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ziyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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21
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Duarte MJ, Tien PC, Kardashian A, Ma Y, Hunt P, Kuniholm MH, Adimora AA, Fischl MA, French AL, Topper E, Konkle-Parker D, Minkoff H, Ofotokun I, Plankey M, Sharma A, Price JC. Microbial Translocation and Gut Damage Are Associated With an Elevated Fast Score in Women Living With and Without HIV. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae187. [PMID: 38680610 PMCID: PMC11055391 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Steatohepatitis is common in persons living with HIV and may be associated with gut microbial translocation (MT). However, few studies have evaluated the gut-liver axis in persons living with HIV. In the Women's Interagency HIV Study, we examined the associations of HIV and circulating biomarkers linked to MT and gut damage using the FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase (FAST) score, a noninvasive surrogate for steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis. Methods Among 883 women with HIV and 354 without HIV, we used multivariable regression to examine the associations of HIV and serum biomarkers linked to MT and gut damage (kynurenine and tryptophan ratio, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, soluble CD14, and soluble CD163) with a log-transformed FAST score after adjusting for key covariates. We used a path analysis and mediation models to determine the mediating effect of each biomarker on the association of HIV with FAST. Results HIV infection was associated with a 49% higher FAST score. MT biomarker levels were higher in women with HIV than women without HIV (P < .001 for each). MT biomarkers mediated 13% to 32% of the association of HIV and FAST score. Conclusions Biomarkers linked to MT and gut damage are associated with a higher FAST score and mediate the association of HIV with a higher FAST score. Our findings suggest that MT may be an important mechanism by which HIV increases the risk of steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Duarte
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ani Kardashian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter Hunt
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark H Kuniholm
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Adaora A Adimora
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret A Fischl
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Audrey L French
- Department of Medicine, CORE Center/Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth Topper
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deborah Konkle-Parker
- School of Nursing, Medicine and Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Howard Minkoff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Downstate Health Sciences University, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael Plankey
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer C Price
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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22
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Belotserkovsky I, Stabryla LM, Hunter M, Allegretti J, Callahan BJ, Carlson PE, Daschner PJ, Goudarzi M, Guyard C, Jackson SA, Rao K, Servetas SL, Sokol H, Wargo JA, Novick S. Standards for fecal microbiota transplant: Tools and therapeutic advances. Biologicals 2024; 86:101758. [PMID: 38518435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been demonstrated to be efficacious in preventing recurrent Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infections, and is being investigated for treatment of several other diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, liver disease, and diabetes. To speed up the translation of FMT into clinical practice as a safe and standardized therapeutic intervention, additional evidence-based technical and regulatory guidance is needed. To this end in May of 2022, the International Alliance for Biological Standardization (IABS) and the BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute hosted a second webinar to discuss key issues still impeding the advancement and standardization of FMT. The goal of this two-day webinar was to provide a forum for scientific experts to share and discuss data and key challenges with one another. Discussion included a focus on the evaluation of safety, efficacy, clinical trial design, reproducibility and accuracy in obtained microbiome measurements and data reporting, and the potential for standardization across these areas. It also focused on increasing the application potential and visibility of FMT beyond treating C. difficile infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa M Stabryla
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Monique Hunter
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Allegretti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Callahan
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, USA; Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27607, USA
| | - Paul E Carlson
- Laboratory of Mucosal Pathogens and Cellular Immunology, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Phillip J Daschner
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Cyril Guyard
- BIOSTER Technological Research Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Scott A Jackson
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Krishna Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie L Servetas
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Departments of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shawn Novick
- BioPhia Consulting, Inc., 7307 W. Green Lake Dr. N., Seattle, WA, 98103, USA.
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23
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Xu Z, Mak JWY, Lin Y, Yang K, Liu Q, Zhang F, Lau L, Tang W, Ching JY, Tun HM, Chan P, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Mixed-donor faecal microbiota transplantation was associated with increased butyrate-producing bacteria for obesity. Gut 2024; 73:875-878. [PMID: 37001978 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce Wing Yan Mak
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keli Yang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Louis Lau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Whitney Tang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessica Yl Ching
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Paul Chan
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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24
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Lin L, Xu S, Cai M, Li S, Chen Y, Chen L, Lin Y. Effects of fecal microbiota transfer on blood pressure in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300869. [PMID: 38578736 PMCID: PMC10997129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous recent studies have found a strong correlation between intestinal flora and the occurrence of hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether fecal microbiota transfer might affect the blood pressure of the host. This study aimed to quantify both associations. METHODS An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang database, Weipu, Embase, and SinoMed to retrieve relevant studies. The final search was completed on August 22, 2022. Two authors independently applied the inclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias assessment. All data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4. RESULTS A total of 5 articles were selected for final inclusion. All studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias according to the SYRCLE risk of bias tool. The meta-analysis results showed that transplantation of fecal bacteria from the hypertensive model can significantly improve the host's systolic pressure (MD = 18.37, 95%CI: 9.74~26.99, P<0.001), and diastolic pressure (MD = 17.65, 95%CI: 12.37~22.93, P<0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the increase in systolic pressure in the hypertension model subgroup (MD = 29.56, 95%CI = 23.55-35.58, P<0.001) was more pronounced than that in the normotensive model subgroup (MD = 12.48, 95%CI = 3.51-21.45, P<0.001). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests a relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased blood pressure, where transplantation of fecal bacteria from the hypertensive model can cause a significant increase in systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shurong Xu
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meiling Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sailan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yaqin Chen
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yanjuan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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25
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Feng X, Guo M, Li J, Shen Z, Mo F, Tian Y, Wang B, Wang C. The structural characterization of a novel Chinese yam polysaccharide and its hypolipidemic activity in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130521. [PMID: 38553396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Obesity was considered as a rapidly growing chronic disease that influences human health worldwide. In this study, we investigated the primary structure characteristics of Chinese yam polysaccharide (CYP) and its role in regulating lipid metabolism in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. The molecular weight of CYP was determined to be 3.16 × 103 kDa. Periodic acid oxidation & smith degradation and nuclear magnetic resonance results suggested that CYP consists of 1 → 2, 1 → 2, 6, 1 → 4, 1 → 4, 6, 1→, or 1 → 6 glycoside bonds. The in vivo experiment results suggested that the biochemical indices, tissue sections, and protein regulation associated with lipid metabolism were changed after administering CYP in obese mice. In addition, the abundances of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 were increased, and the abundances of bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae and Ruminococcus and metabolites of arginine, propionylcarnitine, and alloisoleucine were decreased after CYP intervention in obese mice. Spearman's correlation analysis of intestinal flora, metabolites, and lipid metabolism parameters showed that CYP may affect lipid metabolism in obese mice by regulating the intestinal environment. Therefore, CYP may be used as a promising nutritional intervention agent for lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Feng
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Mingzhu Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhanyu Shen
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fanghua Mo
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yutong Tian
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Binghui Wang
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- "State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Shuai He, Zhang KH, Jin QY, Wang QJ, Huang J, Li JJ, Guo Y, Liu P, Liu ZY, Liu D, Geng SX, Li Q, Li MY, Liu M, Wu ZH. The effects of ambient temperature and feeding regimens on cecum bacteria composition and circadian rhythm in growing rabbits. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1344992. [PMID: 38476945 PMCID: PMC10927733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1344992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal environmental shifts and improper eating habits are the important causes of diarrhea in children and growing animals. Whether adjusting feeding time at varying temperatures can modify cecal bacterial structure and improve diarrhea remains unknown. Three batches growing rabbits with two groups per batch were raised under different feeding regimens (fed at daytime vs. nighttime) in spring, summer and winter separately, and contents were collected at six time points in 1 day and used 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the effects of feeding regimens and season on the composition and circadian rhythms of cecum bacteria. Randomized forest regression screened 12 genera that were significantly associated with seasonal ambient temperature changes. Nighttime feeding reduced the abundance of the conditionally pathogenic bacteria Desulfovibrio and Alistipes in summer and Campylobacter in winter. And also increases the circadian rhythmic Amplicon Sequence Variants in the cecum, enhancing the rhythm of bacterial metabolic activity. This rhythmic metabolic profile of cecum bacteria may be conducive to the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the host cecum. In addition, this study has identified 9 genera that were affected by the combination of seasons and feeding time. In general, we found that seasons and feeding time and their combinations affect cecum composition and circadian rhythms, and that daytime feeding during summer and winter disrupts the balance of cecum bacteria of growing rabbits, which may adversely affect cecum health and induce diarrhea risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong-Yu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Handan Livestock Technology Extension Station, Handan, China
| | - Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Xia Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Yong Li
- National Rabbit Industry Technology System Qingdao Comprehensive Experimental Station, Qingdao, China
| | - Man Liu
- National Rabbit Industry Technology System Qingdao Comprehensive Experimental Station, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Komodromou I, Andreou E, Vlahoyiannis A, Christofidou M, Felekkis K, Pieri M, Giannaki CD. Exploring the Dynamic Relationship between the Gut Microbiome and Body Composition across the Human Lifespan: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:660. [PMID: 38474787 PMCID: PMC10934951 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to identify different gut microbiome profiles across the human lifespan and to correlate such profiles with the body composition. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched from inception to March 2022. Sixty studies were included in this systematic review. Overall, the gut microbiome composition in overweight participants exhibited decreased α-diversity, decreased levels of the phylum Bacteroidetes and its taxa, and increased levels of the phylum Firmicutes, its taxa, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, in comparison to normal-weight participants. Other body composition parameters showed similar correlations. Fat mass and waist circumference were found to correlate positively with the Firmicutes taxa and negatively with the Bacteroidetes taxa. In contrast, lean body mass and muscle mass demonstrated a positive correlation with the Bacteroidetes taxa. Notably, these correlations were more pronounced in athletes than in obese and normal-weight individuals. The composition of the gut microbiome is evidently different in overweight individuals or athletes of all age groups, with the former tending towards decreased Bacteroidetes taxa and increased Firmicutes taxa, while a reversed relationship is observed concerning athletes. Further studies are needed to explore the dynamic relationship between energy intake, body composition, and the gut microbiome across the human lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Komodromou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Eleni Andreou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Angelos Vlahoyiannis
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Christofidou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Kyriacos Felekkis
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Myrtani Pieri
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christoforos D. Giannaki
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus; (I.K.); (E.A.); (A.V.); (M.C.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Zhou X, Chen R, Cai Y, Chen Q. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: A Prospective Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:647-659. [PMID: 38347911 PMCID: PMC10860394 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s447784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize the role of gastrointestinal microbiome (GM) in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Besides, we discuss the feasibility of applying FMT in the treatment of T2DM and propose a series of processes to refine the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM. Recent Findings T2DM is a metabolic disease which is connected with the GM. According to many researches, GM can produce a variety of metabolites such as bile acid, short chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides and trimethylamine oxide which play an important role in metabolism. FMT is a method to regulate GM and has been observed to be effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2DM in some mouse models and people. However, there is still a lack of direct evidence for the use of FMT in the treatment of T2DM, and the process of FMT is not standardized. Summary Dysregulation of GM is closely related to the development of T2DM. Promoting the conversion of GM in T2DM patients to normal population through FMT can reduce insulin resistance and lower their blood glucose level, which is an optional treatment for T2DM patients in the future. At present, the feasibility and limitations of applying FMT to the treatment of T2DM need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Pakmehr A, Mousavi SM, Ejtahed HS, Hoseini-Tavassol Z, Siadat SD, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B. The Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:e87-e100. [PMID: 38087724 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is increasing along with its predisposing factors and adverse consequences. As gut microbiota dysbiosis is established in these patients, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which alters the bacterial composition of the intestine, supposedly can help improve cardiometabolic disturbances. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the impact of FMT on the cardiometabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition of patients experiencing at least one cardiometabolic issue. METHODS Eligible studies were searched through the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until December 2022. The initial search results underwent duplication removal and screening until each included study was scanned for intended data. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the methodologic accuracy of studies and the random effects model was used for conducting the meta-analysis. FINDINGS Eighteen of the original 2414 articles from the literature search were entered into the systematic review; of these, 11 were included in the meta-analysis. Insulin showed a significant decrease by 24.7 pmol/L (weighted mean difference [WMD], -24.77; 95% CI, -48.704 to -0.848) after short-term follow-up, and HDL increased by 0.1 mmol/l(WMD, 0.106; 95% CI, 0.027 to 0.184) and 0.12 mmol/l(WMD, 0.120; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.237) in those using a capsule deliver mode and in short-term follow-up, respectively. No significant changes were seen in other lipid profiles, blood glucose, insulin resistance, or anthropometric indices. In addition, multiple studies reported gut microbiota alterations after the intervention, including an increase in butyrate-producing species. IMPLICATIONS Although some articles reported the beneficial effects of FMT on metabolic parameters, we failed to find a clinically significant alteration. Also, information regarding proper donors and the best method to induce FMT have not yet been sufficiently investigated, which should be considered along with means to prevent potential damages. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022380705.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Pakmehr
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Hoseini-Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Horvath A, Zukauskaite K, Hazia O, Balazs I, Stadlbauer V. Human gut microbiome: Therapeutic opportunities for metabolic syndrome-Hype or hope? Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e436. [PMID: 37771199 PMCID: PMC10781898 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifts in gut microbiome composition and metabolic disorders are associated with one another. Clinical studies and experimental data suggest a causal relationship, making the gut microbiome an attractive therapeutic goal. Diet, intake of probiotics or prebiotics and faecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) are methods to alter a person's microbiome composition. Although FMT may allow establishing a proof of concept to use microbiome modulation to treat metabolic disorders, studies show mixed results regarding the effects on metabolic parameters as well as on the composition of the microbiome. This review summarizes the current knowledge on diet, probiotics, prebiotics and FMT to treat metabolic diseases, focusing on studies that also report alterations in microbiome composition. Furthermore, clinical trial results on the effects of common drugs used to treat metabolic diseases are synopsized to highlight the bidirectional relationship between the microbiome and metabolic diseases. In conclusion, there is clear evidence that microbiome modulation has the potential to influence metabolic diseases; however, it is not possible to distinguish which intervention is the most successful. In addition, a clear commitment from all stakeholders is necessary to move forward in the direction of developing targeted interventions for microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Horvath
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Kristina Zukauskaite
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Life Sciences CentreVilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Olha Hazia
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Irina Balazs
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
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Reuter MA, Tucker M, Marfori Z, Shishani R, Bustamante JM, Moreno R, Goodson ML, Ehrlich A, Taha AY, Lein PJ, Joshi N, Brito I, Durbin-Johnson B, Nandakumar R, Cummings BP. Dietary resistant starch supplementation increases gut luminal deoxycholic acid abundance in mice. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2315632. [PMID: 38375831 PMCID: PMC10880513 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2315632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) are among the most abundant metabolites produced by the gut microbiome. Primary BAs produced in the liver are converted by gut bacterial 7-α-dehydroxylation into secondary BAs, which can differentially regulate host health via signaling based on their varying affinity for BA receptors. Despite the importance of secondary BAs in host health, the regulation of 7-α-dehydroxylation and the role of diet in modulating this process is incompletely defined. Understanding this process could lead to dietary guidelines that beneficially shift BA metabolism. Dietary fiber regulates gut microbial composition and metabolite production. We tested the hypothesis that feeding mice a diet rich in a fermentable dietary fiber, resistant starch (RS), would alter gut bacterial BA metabolism. Male and female wild-type mice were fed a diet supplemented with RS or an isocaloric control diet (IC). Metabolic parameters were similar between groups. RS supplementation increased gut luminal deoxycholic acid (DCA) abundance. However, gut luminal cholic acid (CA) abundance, the substrate for 7-α-dehydroxylation in DCA production, was unaltered by RS. Further, RS supplementation did not change the mRNA expression of hepatic BA producing enzymes or ileal BA transporters. Metagenomic assessment of gut bacterial composition revealed no change in the relative abundance of bacteria known to perform 7-α-dehydroxylation. P. ginsenosidimutans and P. multiformis were positively correlated with gut luminal DCA abundance and increased in response to RS supplementation. These data demonstrate that RS supplementation enriches gut luminal DCA abundance without increasing the relative abundance of bacteria known to perform 7-α-dehydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Reuter
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Madelynn Tucker
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zara Marfori
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Rahaf Shishani
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Miranda Bustamante
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rosalinda Moreno
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael L. Goodson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allison Ehrlich
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ameer Y. Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ilana Brito
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Bioinformatics Core, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bethany P. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California – Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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32
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Bourragat A, Escoula Q, Bellenger S, Zemb O, Beaumont M, Chaumonnot K, Farine JP, Jacotot E, Bonnotte A, Avoscan L, Lherminier J, Luo K, Narce M, Bellenger J. The transplantation of the gut microbiome of fat-1 mice protects against colonic mucus layer disruption and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by high fat diet. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2356270. [PMID: 38797998 PMCID: PMC11135845 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2356270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets alter gut barrier integrity, leading to endotoxemia by impacting epithelial functions and inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in intestinal secretory goblet cells. Indeed, ER stress, which is an important contributor to many chronic diseases such as obesity and obesity-related disorders, leads to altered synthesis and secretion of mucins that form the protective mucus barrier. In the present study, we investigated the relative contribution of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs)-modified microbiota to alleviating alterations in intestinal mucus layer thickness and preserving gut barrier integrity. Male fat-1 transgenic mice (exhibiting endogenous omega-3 PUFAs tissue enrichment) and wild-type (WT) littermates were fed either an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) or a control diet. Unlike WT mice, HFD-fed fat-1 mice were protected against mucus layer alterations as well as an ER stress-mediated decrease in mucin expression. Moreover, cecal microbiota transferred from fat-1 to WT mice prevented changes in the colonic mucus layer mainly through colonic ER stress downregulation. These findings highlight a novel feature of the preventive effects of omega-3 fatty acids against intestinal permeability in obesity-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Bourragat
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Quentin Escoula
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- Valorex, La Messayais, Combourtillé, France
| | - Sandrine Bellenger
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Zemb
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Killian Chaumonnot
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Farine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, UMR6265 CNRS, UMR1324 INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuel Jacotot
- L’Institut Agro Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Aline Bonnotte
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Laure Avoscan
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Jeanine Lherminier
- Agroécologie, L’Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Plateforme DimaCell, Dijon, France
| | - Kangjia Luo
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Michel Narce
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Bellenger
- CTM UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- CTM UMR1231, INSERM, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
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Zhu Z, Xu Y, Xia Y, Jia X, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang L, Chai H, Sun L. Review on chronic metabolic diseases surrounding bile acids and gut microbiota: What we have explored so far. Life Sci 2024; 336:122304. [PMID: 38016578 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid, the final product of cholesterol breakdown, functions as a complex regulator and signaling factor in human metabolism. Chronic metabolic diseases pose significant medical challenges. Growing research underscores bile acids' capacity to enhance metabolism via diverse pathways, regulating disorders and offering treatment potential. Numerous bile-acid-triggered pathways have become treatment targets. This review outlines bile acid synthesis, its role as a signal in chronic metabolic diseases, and highlights its interaction with gut microbiota in different metabolic conditions. Exploring host-bacteria-bile acid links emerges as a valuable future research direction with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzheng Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuemiao Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Xia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Jia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyue Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Portincasa P, Khalil M, Graziani A, Frühbeck G, Baffy G, Garruti G, Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L. Gut microbes in metabolic disturbances. Promising role for therapeutic manipulations? Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:13-30. [PMID: 37802720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and steatotic liver disease is rapidly increasing worldwide with a huge economic burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several genetic and environmental factors are involved in the onset and development of metabolic disorders and related complications. A critical role also exists for the gut microbiota, a complex polymicrobial ecology at the interface of the internal and external environment. The gut microbiota contributes to food digestion and transformation, caloric intake, and immune response of the host, keeping the homeostatic control in health. Mechanisms of disease include enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability and translocation of bacterial metabolites which activate a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, as precursors of tangible metabolic disorders involving glucose and lipid homeostasis. The ultimate causative role of gut microbiota in this respect remains to be elucidated, as well as the therapeutic value of manipulating the gut microbiota by diet, pre- and pro- synbiotics, or fecal microbial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Annarita Graziani
- Institut AllergoSan Pharmazeutische Produkte Forschungs- und Vertriebs GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gyorgy Baffy
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
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Yan M, Man S, Sun B, Ma L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Gut liver brain axis in diseases: the implications for therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:443. [PMID: 38057297 PMCID: PMC10700720 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough progress has been made in the gut liver brain axis, mainly through understanding its formation mechanism and increasing treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss various complex networks including barrier permeability, gut hormones, gut microbial metabolites, vagus nerve, neurotransmitters, immunity, brain toxic metabolites, β-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism, and epigenetic regulation in the gut-liver-brain axis. Some therapies containing antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), polyphenols, low FODMAP diet and nanotechnology application regulate the gut liver brain axis. Besides, some special treatments targeting gut-liver axis include farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists, takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) agonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonists and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) analogs. Targeting gut-brain axis embraces cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), antidepressants and tryptophan metabolism-related therapies. Targeting liver-brain axis contains epigenetic regulation and Aβ metabolism-related therapies. In the future, a better understanding of gut-liver-brain axis interactions will promote the development of novel preventative strategies and the discovery of precise therapeutic targets in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China.
| | - Benyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, 300072, Tianjin, China.
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Kamer O, Rinott E, Tsaban G, Kaplan A, Yaskolka Meir A, Zelicha H, Knights D, Tuohy K, Fava F, Uwe Scholz M, Ziv O, Rubin E, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Ceglarek U, Clément K, Koren O, Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Wang DD, Youngster I, Shai I. Successful weight regain attenuation by autologous fecal microbiota transplantation is associated with non-core gut microbiota changes during weight loss; randomized controlled trial. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2264457. [PMID: 37796016 PMCID: PMC10557561 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2264457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that autologous-fecal-microbiota-transplantation (aFMT), following 6 m of lifestyle intervention, attenuated subsequent weight regain and insulin rebound for participants consuming a high-polyphenol green-Mediterranean diet. Here, we explored whether specific changes in the core (abundant) vs. non-core (low-abundance) gut microbiome taxa fractions during the weight-loss phase (0-6 m) were differentially associated with weight maintenance following aFMT. Eighty-two abdominally obese/dyslipidemic participants (age = 52 years; 6 m weightloss = -8.3 kg) who provided fecal samples (0 m, 6 m) were included. Frozen 6 m's fecal samples were processed into 1 g, opaque and odorless aFMT capsules. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 100 capsules containing their own fecal microbiota or placebo over 8 m-14 m in ten administrations (adherence rate > 90%). Gut microbiome composition was evaluated using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Non-core taxa were defined as ≤ 66% prevalence across participants. Overall, 450 species were analyzed. At baseline, 13.3% were classified as core, and Firmicutes presented the highest core proportion by phylum. During 6 m weight-loss phase, abundance of non-core species changed more than core species (P < .0001). Subject-specific changes in core and non-core taxa fractions were strongly correlated (Jaccard Index; r = 0.54; P < .001). Following aFMT treatment, only participants with a low 6 m change in core taxa, and a high change in non-core taxa, avoided 8-14 m weight regain (aFMT = -0.58 ± 2.4 kg, corresponding placebo group = 3.18 ± 3.5 kg; P = .02). In a linear regression model, low core/high non-core 6 m change was the only combination that was significantly associated with attenuated 8-14 m weight regain (P = .038; P = .002 for taxa patterns/treatment intervention interaction). High change in non-core, low-abundance taxa during weight-loss might mediate aFMT treatment success for weight loss maintenance.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Kamer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ehud Rinott
- Department of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gal Tsaban
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Kaplan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hila Zelicha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Knights
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesca Fava
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Matthias Uwe Scholz
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
| | - Oren Ziv
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Elad Rubin
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karine Clément
- Inserm, Nutrition and obesities: systemic approaches, nutriOmicsn Research Unit, Nutrition Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance-Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Omry Koren
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Meir J. Stampfer
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Dong D. Wang
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Ilan Youngster
- Pediatric Division and Center for Microbiome Research, Shamir Medical Center, Be’er Ya’akov, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Shai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, The International Center of Health, Innovation & Nutrition On the memory of Manya Igel, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
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Pang X, Chen L, Xu G. New Awareness of the Interplay Between the Gut Microbiota and Circadian Rhythms. Pol J Microbiol 2023; 72:355-363. [PMID: 38095865 PMCID: PMC10725168 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms influence various aspects of the biology and physiology of the host, such as food intake and sleep/wake cycles. In recent years, an increasing amount of genetic and epidemiological data has shown that the light/dark cycle is the main cue that regulates circadian rhythms. Other factors, including sleep/wake cycles and food intake, have necessary effects on the composition and rhythms of the gut microbiota. Interestingly, the gut microbiota can affect the circadian rhythm of hosts in turn through contact-dependent and contact-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate the sleep/wake cycles through gut-brain-microbiota interaction. In addition to diabetes, the gut microbiota can also intervene in the progression of neuro- degenerative diseases through the gut-brain-microbiota interaction, and also in other diseases such as hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis, where it is thought to have a spare therapeutic potential. Even though fecal microbiota transplantation has good potential for treating many diseases, the risk of spreading intestinal pathogens should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Pang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wang A, Guan B, Zhang H, Xu H. Danger-associated metabolites trigger metaflammation: A crowbar in cardiometabolic diseases. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106983. [PMID: 37931790 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are characterized by a series of metabolic disorders and chronic low-grade inflammation. CMDs contribute to a high burden of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Host-microbial metabolic regulation that triggers metaflammation is an emerging field of study that promotes a new perspective for perceiving cardiovascular risks. The term metaflammation denotes the entire cascade of immune responses activated by a new class of metabolites known as "danger-associated metabolites" (DAMs). It is being proposed by the present review for the first time. We summarize current studies covering bench to bedside aspects of DAMs to better understand CMDs in the context of DAMs. We have focused on the involvement of DAMs in the pathophysiological development of CMDs, including the disruption of immune homeostasis and chronic inflammation-triggered damage leading to CMD-related adverse events, as well as emerging therapeutic approaches for targeting DAM metabolism in CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anlu Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - He Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing 100091, China.
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Xu H, Fang F, Wu K, Song J, Li Y, Lu X, Liu J, Zhou L, Yu W, Yu F, Gao J. Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk regulates murine lipid metabolism via the intestinal FXR-FGF19 axis in diet-induced humanized dyslipidemia. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:262. [PMID: 38001551 PMCID: PMC10675972 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet-induced dyslipidemia is linked to the gut microbiota, but the causality of microbiota-host interaction affecting lipid metabolism remains controversial. Here, the humanized dyslipidemia mice model was successfully built by using fecal microbiota transplantation from dyslipidemic donors (FMT-dd) to study the causal role of gut microbiota in diet-induced dyslipidemia. RESULTS We demonstrated that FMT-dd reshaped the gut microbiota of mice by increasing Faecalibaculum and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, which then elevated serum cholicacid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA), reduced bile acid synthesis and increased cholesterol accumulation via the hepatic farnesoid X receptor-small heterodimer partner (FXR-SHP) axis. Nevertheless, high-fat diet led to decreased Muribaculum in the humanized dyslipidemia mice induced by FMT-dd, which resulted in reduced intestinal hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), raised bile acid synthesis and increased lipid absorption via the intestinal farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 19 (FXR-FGF19) axis. CONCLUSIONS Our studies implicated that intestinal FXR is responsible for the regulation of lipid metabolism in diet-induced dyslipidemia mediated by gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Xu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kaizhang Wu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiangping Song
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yaqian Li
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenqing Yu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, China.
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de Wit DF, Hanssen NMJ, Wortelboer K, Herrema H, Rampanelli E, Nieuwdorp M. Evidence for the contribution of the gut microbiome to obesity and its reversal. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadg2773. [PMID: 37992156 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a worldwide pandemic affecting more than 650 million people and is associated with a high burden of morbidity. Alongside traditional risk factors for obesity, the gut microbiome has been identified as a potential factor in weight regulation. Although rodent studies suggest a link between the gut microbiome and body weight, human evidence for causality remains scarce. In this Review, we postulate that existing evidence remains to establish a contribution of the gut microbiome to the development of obesity in humans but that modified probiotic strains and supraphysiological dosages of microbial metabolites may be beneficial in combatting obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douwe F de Wit
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nordin M J Hanssen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen Wortelboer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Medicine, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Diabetes and Metabolism, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Xia W, Li S, Li L, Zhang S, Wang X, Ding W, Ding L, Zhang X, Wang Z. Role of anthraquinones in combating insulin resistance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275430. [PMID: 38053837 PMCID: PMC10694622 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance presents a formidable public health challenge that is intricately linked to the onset and progression of various chronic ailments, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. Effectively addressing insulin resistance is paramount in preventing and managing these metabolic disorders. Natural herbal remedies show promise in combating insulin resistance, with anthraquinone extracts garnering attention for their role in enhancing insulin sensitivity and treating diabetes. Anthraquinones are believed to ameliorate insulin resistance through diverse pathways, encompassing activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, restoration of insulin signal transduction, attenuation of inflammatory pathways, and modulation of gut microbiota. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate the potential anthraquinone compounds that exert beneficial effects on insulin resistance, elucidating the underlying mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic impact. The evidence discussed in this review points toward the potential utilization of anthraquinones as a promising therapeutic strategy to combat insulin resistance and its associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanru Xia
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shuqian Li
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - LinZehao Li
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiandang Zhang
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Saravanan D, Khatoon B S, Winner G J. Unraveling the Interplay: Exploring the Links Between Gut Microbiota, Obesity, and Psychological Outcomes. Cureus 2023; 15:e49271. [PMID: 38143611 PMCID: PMC10746887 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review delves into the complex and intricate mechanisms of the gut-brain axis. Gut microbiota has gained immense importance in the treatment of various diseases. The therapeutic potential of gut-microbial modulation is slowly coming to light. With good preclinical evidence, some human studies shed light on the translation potential of gut-microbial modulation. The concept of gut-microbial modulation has been studied for over a few decades. The relationship between gut microbiota and various homeostatic mechanisms is fascinating. Over the years, we have started understanding the immense role of gut microbiota in various homeostatic mechanisms. There are a good number of clinical studies that have shown the therapeutic potential of gut-microbial modulation in obesity and psychological diseases, especially depression and anxiety. The gut-microbial modulation can be achieved by dietary factors or supplementation. In this review, we explore the mechanisms by which prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics alter the gut-brain axis. The review limits its discussion to the most recent clinical studies that have shown promise as therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Saravanan
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Suhana Khatoon B
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Jefry Winner G
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, IND
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Clottes P, Benech N, Dumot C, Jarraud S, Vidal H, Mechtouff L. Gut microbiota and stroke: New avenues to improve prevention and outcome. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3595-3604. [PMID: 36897813 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite major recent therapeutic advances, stroke remains a leading cause of disability and death. Consequently, new therapeutic targets need to be found to improve stroke outcome. The deleterious role of gut microbiota alteration (often mentioned as "dysbiosis") on cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and its risk factors, has been increasingly recognized. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, short chain fatty acids and tryptophan, play a key role. Evidence of a link between alteration of the gut microbiota and cardiovascular risk factors exists, with a possible causality link supported by several preclinical studies. Gut microbiota alteration also seems to be implicated at the acute phase of stroke, with observational studies showing more non-neurological complications, higher infarct size and worse clinical outcome in stroke patients with altered microbiota. Microbiota targeted strategies have been developed, including prebiotics/probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, short chain fatty acid and trimethylamine-N-oxide inhibitors. Research teams have been using different time windows and end-points for their studies, with various results. Considering the available evidence, it is believed that studies focusing on microbiota-targeted strategies in association with conventional stroke care should be conducted. Such strategies should be considered according to three therapeutic time windows: first, at the pre-stroke (primary prevention) or post-stroke (secondary prevention) phases, to enhance the control of cardiovascular risk factors; secondly, at the acute phase of stroke, to limit the infarct size and the systemic complications and enhance the overall clinical outcome; thirdly, at the subacute phase of stroke, to prevent stroke recurrence and promote neurological recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Clottes
- Stroke Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CarMeN Laboratoire, INSERM, INRAER, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Nicolas Benech
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Tumor Escape Resistance and Immunity Department, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Lyon, France
- French Fecal Transplant Group, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Dumot
- CarMeN Laboratoire, INSERM, INRAER, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Jarraud
- GenEPII Sequencing Platform, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence Des Légionelles, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut Des Agents Infectieux, Lyon, France
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN Laboratoire, INSERM, INRAER, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Laura Mechtouff
- Stroke Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CarMeN Laboratoire, INSERM, INRAER, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
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Dalby MJ. Questioning the foundations of the gut microbiota and obesity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220221. [PMID: 37661739 PMCID: PMC10475866 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota in determining body fatness has been a prominent area of research and has received significant public attention. Based largely on animal studies, recent attempts to translate these findings into interventions in humans have not been successful. This review will outline the key mouse research that initiated this area of study, examine whether those results warranted the initial enthusiasm and progress into human studies, and examine whether later follow-up research supported earlier conclusions. It will look at whether the absence of a gut microbiota protects germ-free mice from obesity, whether microbiota can transfer obesity into germ-free mice, the evidence for the role of immune system activation as a causal mechanism linking the gut microbiota to body weight, and consider the evidence for effects of individual bacterial species. Finally, it will examine the outcomes of randomized controlled trials of microbiota transfer in human participants that have not shown effects on body weight. With a more critical reading, early studies did not show as large an effect as first appeared and later research, including human trials, has failed to support a role of the gut microbiota in shaping body weight. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Causes of obesity: theories, conjectures and evidence (Part II)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Dalby
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
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Du L, Lü H, Chen Y, Yu X, Jian T, Zhao H, Wu W, Ding X, Chen J, Li W. Blueberry and Blackberry Anthocyanins Ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6J Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14649-14665. [PMID: 37755883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, blueberry (Vaccinium ssp.) anthocyanins (VA) and blackberry (Rubus L.) anthocyanins (RA) were used to investigate the effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the potential mechanisms. Importantly, all of the data presented in this study were obtained from experiments conducted on mice. As a result, VA and RA reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation while improving liver damage, inflammation, glucose, and lipid metabolism induced by a high-fat diet. Moreover, VA and RA regulated the gut microbiota composition, decreasing the pro-obesity and proinflammation bacteria taxa, such as the phylum Actinobacterium and the genera Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, and increasing those negatively associated with obesity and inflammation, such as the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera Prevotella and Oscillospira. Additionally, the supplementation with VA and RA reversed the elevated levels of valeric, caproic, and isovaleric acids observed in the high-fat diet (HFD) group, bringing them closer to the levels observed in the Chow group. This reversal indicated that alterations in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota may contribute to the restoration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels. Additionally, PICRUSt2 exhibited that cyanamino acid metabolism and betalain biosynthesis might be the major metabolic pathways in the HVA group compared with the HFD group, while in the HRA group, it was the phosphotransferase system. These findings suggest that VA and RA can ameliorate MetS by modulating the gut microbiota and production of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Du
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Han Lü
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Jiangsu Zhongzhi Ecological Plant Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211200, China
| | - Tunyu Jian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Lee J, Wellenstein K, Rahnavard A, Nelson AT, Holter MM, Cummings B, Yeliseyev V, Castoldi A, Clish CB, Bry L, Siegel D, Kahn BB. Beneficial metabolic effects of PAHSAs depend on the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.28.558803. [PMID: 37808673 PMCID: PMC10557726 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.28.558803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary lipids play an essential role in regulating the function of the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tract, and these luminal interactions contribute to mediating host metabolism. PAHSAs are a class of lipids with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, but whether the gut microbiota contributes to their beneficial effects on host metabolism is unknown. Here, we report that treating high fat diet (HFD)-fed germ-free mice with PAHSAs does not improve insulin sensitivity. However, transfer of feces from PAHSA-treated, but not Vehicle-treated, chow-fed mice increases insulin-sensitivity in HFD-fed germ free mice. Thus, the gut microbiota is necessary for and can transmit the insulin-sensitizing effects of PAHSAs in HFD-fed germ-free mice. Functional analyses of the cecal metagenome and lipidome of PAHSA-treated mice identified multiple lipid species that associate with the gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ( Bt ) and with insulin sensitivity resulting from PAHSA treatment. Bt supplementation in HFD-fed female mice prevented weight gain, reduced adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, fortified the colonic mucus barrier and reduced systemic inflammation versus chow-fed controls, effects that were not observed in HFD-fed male mice. Furthermore, ovariectomy partially reversed the beneficial Bt effects on host metabolism, indicating a role for sex hormones in mediating probiotic effects. Altogether, these studies highlight the fact that lipids can modulate the gut microbiota resulting in improvement in host metabolism and that PAHSA-induced changes in the microbiota result in at least some of their insulin-sensitizing effects in female mice.
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Vorobyev A, Ludwig RJ. Forschung für die Praxis: Ernährung und Mikrobiom bei Autoimmunkrankheiten. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:958-963. [PMID: 37700405 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15101_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Häufigkeit von Autoimmunerkrankungen in Industrieländern hat während der letzten Jahrzehnte ständig zugenommen. Diese Erkrankungen führen zu erhöhter Sterblichkeit sowie anhaltender Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität der Patienten und bedeuten eine große medizinische Belastung. Die Behandlung von Autoimmunkrankheiten beruht häufig auf unspezifischer Immunsuppression, was das Risiko von Infektionskrankheiten und Krebsmanifestationen erhöht. Die Pathogenese von Autoimmunerkrankungen ist komplex und umfasst nicht nur genetische Faktoren, sondern auch Umwelteinflüsse, die als Grund für die Zunahme von Autoimmunerkrankungen angesehen werden. Zahlreiche Umweltfaktoren wie Infektionen, Rauchen, Medikamente oder Ernährung können das Auftreten von Autoimmunität entweder fördern oder verhindern. Die Mechanismen der Beeinflussung durch Umwelteinflüsse sind jedoch komplex und derzeit noch nicht eindeutig geklärt. Die Entschlüsselung dieser Wechselwirkungen könnte unser Verständnis der Autoimmunität verbessern und neue Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für die Patienten eröffnen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Vorobyev
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
- Lübecker Institut für experimentelle Dermatologie, Lübeck
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Abteilung für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
- Lübecker Institut für experimentelle Dermatologie, Lübeck
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Vorobyev A, Ludwig RJ. Research in practice: Diet and microbiome in autoimmune diseases. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:958-962. [PMID: 37235511 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of autoimmune diseases in industrialized countries is constantly increasing over past decades. These diseases lead to increased mortality and persistent reduction in quality of life of the patients, posing a severe medical burden. Treatment of autoimmune diseases is often based on unspecific immune suppression, increasing the risk of infectious diseases as well as cancer manifestation. Pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions is complex and includes not only genetic factors, but also environmental influence, which is considered to be the reason for the rise of incidence of autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors comprise numerous elements, such as infections, smoking, medication, diet etc., which can either promote or prevent the onset of autoimmunity. However, the mechanisms of environmental influence are complex and for this moment not clearly understood. Deciphering of these interactions could enhance our comprehension of autoimmunity and provide some novel treatment options for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Vorobyev
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, Lübeck, Germany
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Yin M, Wang Y, Han M, Liang R, Li S, Wang G, Gang X. Mechanisms of bariatric surgery for weight loss and diabetes remission. J Diabetes 2023; 15:736-752. [PMID: 37442561 PMCID: PMC10509523 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D) lead to defects in intestinal hormones secretion, abnormalities in the composition of bile acids (BAs), increased systemic and adipose tissue inflammation, defects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) catabolism, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of obesity and T2D, which allows us to view BS not simply as weight-loss surgery but as a means of alleviating obesity and its comorbidities, especially T2D. In recent years, accumulating studies have focused on the mechanisms of BS to find out which metabolic parameters are affected by BS through which pathways, such as which hormones and inflammatory processes are altered. The literatures are saturated with the role of intestinal hormones and the gut-brain axis formed by their interaction with neural networks in the remission of obesity and T2D following BS. In addition, BAs, gut microbiota and other factors are also involved in these benefits after BS. The interaction of these factors makes the mechanisms of metabolic improvement induced by BS more complicated. To date, we do not fully understand the exact mechanisms of the metabolic alterations induced by BS and its impact on the disease process of T2D itself. This review summarizes the changes of intestinal hormones, BAs, BCAAs, gut microbiota, signaling proteins, growth differentiation factor 15, exosomes, adipose tissue, brain function, and food preferences after BS, so as to fully understand the actual working mechanisms of BS and provide nonsurgical therapeutic strategies for obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsha Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Mingyue Han
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ruishuang Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Malnick SDH, Ohayon Michael S. The Intestinal Microbiome and the Metabolic Syndrome-How Its Manipulation May Affect Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7197-7211. [PMID: 37754239 PMCID: PMC10527723 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is now the predominant liver disease worldwide consequent to the epidemic of obesity. The intestinal microbiome (IM), consisting of the bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays an important role in human metabolism and preserving the epithelial barrier function. Disturbances in the IM have been shown to influence the development and progression of MAFLD and play a role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). The main treatment for MAFLD involves lifestyle changes, which also influence the IM. Manipulation of the IM by fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) has been approved for the treatment of recurrent Closteroides difficile infection. This may be administered by endoscopic administration from the lower or upper GI tract. Other methods of administration include nasogastric tube, enema, and oral capsules of stool from healthy donors. In this narrative review, we elaborate on the role of the IM in developing MS and MAFLD and on the current experience with IM modulation by FMT on MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. H. Malnick
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91121, Israel
| | - Sheral Ohayon Michael
- Department of Internal Medicine C, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91121, Israel
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