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Yue X, Lin F, Gui S, Zhang S, Wu Z, Xiang Y, Xiao T, Xiao J, Cao H, Shi Y. Emamectin benzoate-induced toxicity affects intestinal epithelial integrity involving apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114827. [PMID: 38901726 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The frequency presence of emamectin benzoate in agricultural production highlights the need for studying their toxicity against human intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB). Herein, we combined a Caco-2 cell model with transcriptome analysis to assess the intestinal toxicity of emamectin benzoate and its disease-causing potential. Results showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of emamectin benzoate on Caco-2 cell viability after 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure were 18.1, 9.9, and 8.3 μM, respectively. Emamectin benzoate exposure enhanced the Caco-2 monolayer paracellular permeability, damaged the IEB, and increased cellular apoptosis. Key driver gene analysis of 42 apoptosis - related DEGs, identified 10 genes (XIAP, KRAS, MCL1, NRAS, PIK3CA, CYCS, MAPK8, CASP3, FADD, and TNFRSF10B) with the strongest correlation with emamectin benzoate - induced apoptosis. Transcriptomics identified 326 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 204 upregulated and 122 downregulated). The functional terms of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases was enriched with the most number of DEGs, and the Parkinson disease pathway had the highest enrichment degree. Our findings provided support for environmental toxicology studies and the health risk assessment of emamectin benzoate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Yue
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Fengxiang Lin
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Shuyan Gui
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Zongbin Wu
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Yuxin Xiang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Tianxiang Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
| | - Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China.
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Prabhu K, Ghosh S, Sethulekshmi S, Shriwastav A. In vitro digestion of microplastics in human digestive system: Insights into particle morphological changes and chemical leaching. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173173. [PMID: 38740201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite the well-reported occurrences and established pathways for microplastics (MPs) ingestion by humans, the eventual fate of these particles in the human gastrointestinal system is poorly understood. The present study tries to gain a better understanding of the fate of four common food-borne MPs, i.e. Polystyrene (PS), Polypropylene (PP), Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE), and Nylon, in a simulated in vitro human digestive system. Firstly, the changes in the physicochemical properties of 20-210 μm sized MPs as well as the leaching of chemicals were monitored using fluorescence microscopy, FTIR, and LC-QTOF-MS. Thereafter, the mass loss and morphological alterations in 3-4 mm sized MPs were observed after removing the organic matter. The interaction of PS and PP MPs with duodenal and bile juices manifested in a corona formation. The increase in surface roughness in PP MPs aligned with MP-enzyme dehydrogenation reactions and the addition of NO groups. A few fragments ranging from 30 to 250 μm, with negligible mass loss, were released during the MP digestion process. In addition, the leaching of compounds, e.g. capsi-amide, butanamide, and other plasticizers and monomers was also observed from MPs during digestion, and which may have the potential to accumulate and get absorbed by the digestive organs, and to subsequently impart toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana Prabhu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Sayanti Ghosh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - S Sethulekshmi
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Amritanshu Shriwastav
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India.
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Martín-Pérez J, Villacorta A, Banaei G, Morataya-Reyes M, Tavakolpournegari A, Marcos R, Hernández A, García-Rodriguez A. Hazard assessment of nanoplastics is driven by their surface-functionalization. Effects in human-derived primary endothelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173236. [PMID: 38761522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
During plastic waste degradation into micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) their physicochemical characteristics including surface properties (charge, functionalization, biocorona, etc.) can change, potentially affecting their biological effects. This paper focuses on the surface functionalization of MNPLs to determine if it has a direct impact on the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic interactions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), at different exposure times. Pristine polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPLs), as well as their carboxylated (PS-C-NPLs) and aminated (PS-A-NPLs) forms, all around 50 nm, were used in a wide battery of toxicological assays. These assays encompassed evaluations on cell viability, cell internalization, induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS), and genotoxicity. The experiments were conducted at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, chosen to ensure a high internalization rate across all treatments while maintaining a sub-toxic concentration. Our results show that all PS-NPLs are internalized by HUVECs, but the internalization dynamic depends on the particle's functionalization. PS-NPLs and PS-C-NPLs internalization modify the morphology of the cell increasing its inner complexity/granularity. Regarding cell toxicity, only PS-A-NPLs reduced cell viability. Intracellular ROS was induced by the three different PS-NPLs but at different time points. Genotoxic damage was induced by the three PS-NPLs at short exposures (2 h), but not for PS-C-NPLs at 24 h. Overall, this study suggests that the toxicological effects of PSNPLs on HUVEC cells are surface-dependent, highlighting the relevance of using human-derived primary cells as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Martín-Pérez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Michelle Morataya-Reyes
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba García-Rodriguez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
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Krause S, Ouellet V, Allen D, Allen S, Moss K, Nel HA, Manaseki-Holland S, Lynch I. The potential of micro- and nanoplastics to exacerbate the health impacts and global burden of non-communicable diseases. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101581. [PMID: 38781963 PMCID: PMC11228470 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) constitute one of the highest burdens of disease globally and are associated with inflammatory responses in target organs. There is increasing evidence of significant human exposure to micro- and nanoplastics (MnPs). This review of environmental MnP exposure and health impacts indicates that MnP particles, directly and indirectly through their leachates, may exacerbate inflammation. Meanwhile, persistent inflammation associated with NCDs in gastrointestinal and respiratory systems potentially increases MnP uptake, thus influencing MnP access to distal organs. Consequently, a future increase in MnP exposure potentially augments the risk and severity of NCDs. There is a critical need for an integrated one-health approach to human health and environmental research for assessing the drivers of human MnP exposure and their bidirectional links with NCDs. Assessing these risks requires interdisciplinary efforts to identify and link drivers of environmental MnP exposure and organismal uptake to studies of impacted disease mechanisms and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Institute for Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute for Sustainability and Climate Action (BISCA), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Valerie Ouellet
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Institute for Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Deonie Allen
- WESP - Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
| | - Steven Allen
- WESP - Centre for Water, Environment, Sustainability & Public Health, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
| | - Kerry Moss
- Institute for Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Holly A Nel
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Semira Manaseki-Holland
- Institute for Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Institute for Global Innovation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Birmingham Institute for Sustainability and Climate Action (BISCA), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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5
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Yarahmadi A, Heidari S, Sepahvand P, Afkhami H, Kheradjoo H. Microplastics and environmental effects: investigating the effects of microplastics on aquatic habitats and their impact on human health. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1411389. [PMID: 38912266 PMCID: PMC11191580 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1411389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are particles with a diameter of <5 mm. The disposal of plastic waste into the environment poses a significant and pressing issue concern globally. Growing worry has been expressed in recent years over the impact of MPs on both human health and the entire natural ecosystem. MPs impact the feeding and digestive capabilities of marine organisms, as well as hinder the development of plant roots and leaves. Numerous studies have shown that the majority of individuals consume substantial quantities of MPs either through their dietary intake or by inhaling them. MPs have been identified in various human biological samples, such as lungs, stool, placenta, sputum, breast milk, liver, and blood. MPs can cause various illnesses in humans, depending on how they enter the body. Healthy and sustainable ecosystems depend on the proper functioning of microbiota, however, MPs disrupt the balance of microbiota. Also, due to their high surface area compared to their volume and chemical characteristics, MPs act as pollutant absorbers in different environments. Multiple policies and initiatives exist at both the domestic and global levels to mitigate pollution caused by MPs. Various techniques are currently employed to remove MPs, such as biodegradation, filtration systems, incineration, landfill disposal, and recycling, among others. In this review, we will discuss the sources and types of MPs, the presence of MPs in different environments and food, the impact of MPs on human health and microbiota, mechanisms of pollutant adsorption on MPs, and the methods of removing MPs with algae and microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Parisa Sepahvand
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Kim WH, Lee DH, Kim JE, Jeong HW, Chung JO, Roh J, Kim W, Fu X, Shim SM. Characterization of the intestinal transport mechanism of polystyrene microplastics (MPs) and the potential inhibitory effect of green tea extracts on MPs intestinal absorption. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 97:105813. [PMID: 38522493 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The aims of the current study included characterizing the intestinal transport mechanism of polystyrene microplastics (MPs) with different charges and sizes in the intestinal epithelial cell model and determining the inhibitory effect of green tea extracts (GTEs) on the intestinal absorption of MPs in Caco-2 cells. The smaller sizes, which included diameters of 0.2 μm, of amine-modified MPs compared to either larger size (1 μm diameter, or carboxylate-MPs (0.2 and 1 μm diameter) significantly lowered the cell viability of caco-2 cells that were measured by MTT assay (p < 0.05). The transported amount (particles/mL of the cell media) of amine-modified MPs by the Caco-2 cell, was not dependent according to the concentrations, energy, or temperature, but it was higher than the carboxylate-modified MPs. The co-treatment of GTEs with the amine-modified MPs inhibited Caco-2 cell cytotoxicity as well as reduced the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 generated by the exposure of amine-modified MPs. The GTEs co-treatment also increased trans-epithelial electrical resistances (TEER) and reduced the transportation of Lucifer Yellow via the Caco-2 monolayer compared to only the amine-modified MPs exposure. The GTEs treatment led to a decrease in the number of amine-modified MPs transported to the basal side of the Caco-2 monolayer. The results from our study suggest that the consumption of GTEs could enhance the intestinal barrier function by recovering intestinal epithelial cell damage induced by MPs, which resulted in a decrease of the intestinal absorption of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Jeong
- Healthcare Research Division, AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation (R&I) Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Chung
- Healthcare Research Division, AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation (R&I) Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - JongHwa Roh
- Healthcare Research Division, AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation (R&I) Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - WanGi Kim
- Healthcare Research Division, AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation (R&I) Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Xiaoting Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266005, China
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Seoul 143-747, South Korea.
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7
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Merbt SN, Kroll A, Sgier L, Tlili A, Schirmer K, Behra R. Fate and effects of microplastic particles in a periphyton-grazer system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123798. [PMID: 38492748 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, microplastic particles (MP) can accumulate in microbial communities that cover submerged substrata, i.e. in periphyton. Despite periphyton being the essential food source for grazers in the benthic zones, MP transfer from periphyton to benthic biota and its ecotoxicological consequences are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of 1) MP on embryonal development of freshwater gastropod Physa acuta embryos, 2) MP on adult Physa acuta individuals through dietary exposure and 3) on the MP surface properties. Embryonal development tests were carried out with spherical polyethylene MP in the size of 1-4 μm (MP). Over a period of 28 days, embryonal development and hatching rate were calculated. In the feeding experiments, periphyton was grown in the presence and absence of MP and was then offered to the adult Physa acuta for 42-152 h. The snails readily ingested and subsequently egested MP, together with the periphyton as shown by MP quantification in periphyton, snail soft body tissue and feces. No selective feeding behavior upon MP exposure was detected. The ingestion of MP had no effect on mortality, feeding and defecation rate. Yet, the reproductive output of snails, measured as the number of egg clutches and numbers of eggs per clutch, decreased after the ingestion of MPs, while the hatching success of snail embryos those parents were exposed remained unaffected. In contrast, hatching rate of snail embryos was significantly reduced upon direct MP exposure. MP optical properties were changed upon the incorporation into the periphyton and the passage through the digestive tract. Our results indicate that MP incorporated in periphyton are bioavailable to aquatic grazers, facilitating the introduction of MP into the food chain and having direct adverse effects on the grazers' reproductive fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N Merbt
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Ceab.CSIC Centre D'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Access a La Cala St, Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain.
| | - Alexandra Kroll
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Linn Sgier
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Tlili
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland; EPF Lausanne, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Renata Behra
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Aegetswil 4, 8492, Wila, Switzerland
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8
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Chen CY, Lin Z. Exploring the potential and challenges of developing physiologically-based toxicokinetic models to support human health risk assessment of microplastic and nanoplastic particles. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108617. [PMID: 38599027 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) pollution has emerged as a significant and widespread environmental issue. Humans are inevitably exposed to MPs and NPs via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contacts from various sources. However, mechanistic knowledge of their distribution, interaction, and potency in the body is still lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we have undertaken the task of elucidating the toxicokinetic (TK) behaviors of MPs and NPs, aiming to provide mechanistic information for constructing a conceptual physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model to support in silico modeling approaches. Our effort involved a thorough examination of the existing literature and data collation on the presence of MPs in the human body and in vitro/ex vivo/in vivo biodistribution across various cells and tissues. By comprehending the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion mechanisms of MPs and NPs in relation to their physicochemical attributes, we established a foundational understanding of the link between external exposure and internal tissue dosimetry. We observed that particle size and surface chemistry have been thoroughly explored in previous experimental studies. However, certain attributes, such as polymer type, shape, and biofilm/biocorona, warrant attention and further examination. We discussed the fundamental disparities in TK properties of MPs/NPs from those of engineered nanoparticles. We proposed a preliminary PBTK framework with several possible modeling approaches and discussed existing challenges for further investigation. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive compilation of existing TK data of MPs/NPs, a critical overview of TK processes and mechanisms, and proposes potential PBTK modeling approaches, particularly regarding their applicability to the human system, and outlines future perspectives for developing PBTK models and their integration into human health risk assessment of MPs and NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yun Chen
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL 32608, United States
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL 32608, United States.
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9
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Zeng G, Li J, Wang Y, Su J, Lu Z, Zhang F, Ding W. Polystyrene microplastic-induced oxidative stress triggers intestinal barrier dysfunction via the NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β/MCLK pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123473. [PMID: 38301820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated the association between microplastics (MPs) with a diameter of <5 mm and the risk of intestinal diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms contributing to MP-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction have not been fully appreciated. In this study, C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, 0.2, 1 or 5 μm) at 1 mg/kg body weight daily by oral gavage for 28 days. We found that PS-MPs exposure induced oxidative stress and inflammatory cell infiltration in mice colon, leading to an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, there were an increase in intestinal permeability and decrease in mucus secretion, accompanied by downregulation of tight junction (TJ)-related zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1), occluding (OCLN) and claudin-1 (CLDN-1) in mice colon. Especially, 5 μm PS-MPs (PS5)-induced intestinal epithelial TJ barrier damage was more severe than 0.2 μm PS-MPs (PS0.2) and 1 μm PS-MPs (PS1). In vitro experiments indicated that PS5-induced oxidative stress upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Meanwhile, pre-treatment with the antioxidant NAC, NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and MLCK inhibitor ML-7 considerably reduced PS5-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammatory response, inhibited the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3/MLCK pathway, and upregulated ZO-1, OCLN and CLDN-1 expression in Caco-2 cells. Taken together, our study demonstrated that PS-MPs cause intestinal barrier dysfunction through the ROS-dependent NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β/MLCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zeng
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanli Wang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingran Su
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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10
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Xiong S, He J, Qiu H, van Gestel CAM, He E, Qiao Z, Cao L, Li J, Chen G. Maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics causes defective retinal development and function in progeny mice by disturbing metabolic profiles. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141513. [PMID: 38387657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are widely spreading in our living environment, accumulating in the human body and potentially threating human health. The retina, which is a terminally differentiated extension of the central nervous system, is essential for the visual system. However, the effects and molecular mechanisms of MPs/NPs on retina development and function are still unclear. Here, we investigated the effects and modes of action of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) on the retina using mice as a mammalian model species. Maternal PS-NP exposure (100 nm) at an environmentally realistic concentration of 10 mg L-1 (or 2.07 *1010 particles mL-1) via drinking water from the first day of pregnancy till the end of lactation (21 days after birth) caused defective neural retinal development in the neonatal mice, by depositing in the retinal tissue and reducing the number of retinal ganglion cells and bipolar cells. Exposure to PS-NPs retarded retinal vascular development, while abnormal electroretinogram (ERG) responses and an increased level of oxidative stress were also observed in the retina of the progeny mice after maternal PS-NP exposure. Metabolomics showed significant dysregulation of amino acids that are pivotal to neuron retinal function, such as glutamate, aspartate, alanine, glycine, serine, threonine, taurine, and serotonin. Transcriptomics identified significantly dysregulated genes, which were enriched in processes of angiogenesis, visual system development and lens development. Regulatory analysis showed that Fos gene mediated pathways could be a potential key target for PS-NP exposure in retinal development and function. Our study revealed that maternal exposure to PS-NPs generated detrimental effects on retinal development and function in progeny mice, offering new insights into the visual toxicity of PS-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jincan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - ErKai He
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhengdong Qiao
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai International Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guangquan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201204, China.
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11
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Zhao B, Rehati P, Yang Z, Cai Z, Guo C, Li Y. The potential toxicity of microplastics on human health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168946. [PMID: 38043812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are plastic particles, films, and fibers with a diameter of < 5 mm. Given their long-standing existence in the environment and terrible increase in annual emissions, concerns were raised about the potential health risk of microplastics on human beings. In particular, the increased consumption of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically increased human contact with microplastics. To date, the emergence of microplastics in the human body, such as feces, blood, placenta, lower airway, and lungs, has been reported. Related toxicological investigations of microplastics were gradually increased. To comprehensively illuminate the interplay of microplastic exposure and human health, we systematically reviewed the updated toxicological data of microplastics and summarized their mode of action, adverse effects, and toxic mechanisms. The emerging critical issues in the current toxicological investigations were proposed and discussed. Our work would facilitate a better understanding of MPs-induced health hazards for toxicological evaluation and provide helpful information for regulatory decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosen Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Palizhati Rehati
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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12
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Paul MB, Böhmert L, Thünemann AF, Loeschner K, Givelet L, Fahrenson C, Braeuning A, Sieg H. Influence of artificial digestion on characteristics and intestinal cellular effects of micro-, submicro- and nanoplastics. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114423. [PMID: 38158035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The production of plastics is rising since they have been invented. Micro, submicro- and nanoplastics are produced intentionally or generated by environmental processes, and constitute ubiquitous contaminants which are ingested orally by consumers. Reported health concerns include intestinal translocation, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Every digestive milieu in the gastrointestinal tract does have an influence on the properties of particles and can cause changes in their effect on biological systems. In this study, we subjected plastic particles of different materials (polylactic acid, polymethylmethacrylate, melamine formaldehyde) and sizes (micro- to nano-range) to a complex artificial digestion model consisting of three intestinal fluid simulants (saliva, gastric and intestinal juice). We monitored the impact of the digestion process on the particles by performing Dynamic Light Scattering, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. An in vitro model of the intestinal epithelial barrier was used to monitor cellular effects and translocation behavior of (un)digested particles. In conclusion, artificial digestion decreased cellular interaction and slightly increased transport of all particles across the intestinal barrier. The interaction with organic matter resulted in clear differences in the agglomeration behavior. Moreover, we provide evidence for polymer-, size- and surface-dependent cellular effects of the test particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxi B Paul
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Linda Böhmert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas F Thünemann
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division Synthesis and Scattering of Nanostructured Materials, Unter Den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, Kemitorvet 201, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Lucas Givelet
- Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, Kemitorvet 201, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Christoph Fahrenson
- Technical University of Berlin, Center for Electron Microscopy (ZELMI), Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Zhang Y, Jia Z, Gao X, Zhao J, Zhang H. Polystyrene nanoparticles induced mammalian intestine damage caused by blockage of BNIP3/NIX-mediated mitophagy and gut microbiota alteration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168064. [PMID: 37884137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics possess the capacity for cellular internalization, and consequentially disrupt mitochondrial functionality, precipitating aberrations in energy metabolism. Given this, the potential accumulation of nanoplastics in alimentary sources presents a considerable hazard to the mammalian gastrointestinal system. While mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism that sustains redox homeostasis through the targeted removal of compromised mitochondria, the regulatory implications of mitophagy in nanoplastic-induced toxicity remain an underexplored domain. In the present investigation, polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles, with a diameter of 80 nm employed as a representative model to assess their toxicological impact and propensity to instigate mitophagy in intestinal cells both in vitro and in vivo. Data indicated that PS nanoparticles elicited BNIP3/NIX-mediated mitophagy within the intestinal milieu. Strikingly, the impediment of this degradation process at elevated concentrations was correlated with exacerbated pathological ramifications. In vitro assays corroborated that high-dosage cellular uptake of PS nanoparticles obstructed the mitophagy pathway. Furthermore, treatment with PS nanoparticles engendered alterations in gut microbiota composition and manifested a proclivity to modulate nutritional metabolism. Collectively, these findings elucidate that oral exposure to PS nanoparticles culminates in the inhibition of mitophagy and induces perturbations in the intestinal microbiota. This contributes valuable insights into the toxicological repercussions of nanoplastics on mammalian gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xianlei Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
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14
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Ali N, Katsouli J, Marczylo EL, Gant TW, Wright S, Bernardino de la Serna J. The potential impacts of micro-and-nano plastics on various organ systems in humans. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104901. [PMID: 38061242 PMCID: PMC10749881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to micro-and-nano plastics (MNPs) through various routes, but the adverse health effects of MNPs on different organ systems are not yet fully understood. This review aims to provide an overview of the potential impacts of MNPs on various organ systems and identify knowledge gaps in current research. The summarized results suggest that exposure to MNPs can lead to health effects through oxidative stress, inflammation, immune dysfunction, altered biochemical and energy metabolism, impaired cell proliferation, disrupted microbial metabolic pathways, abnormal organ development, and carcinogenicity. There is limited human data on the health effects of MNPs, despite evidence from animal and cellular studies. Most of the published research has focused on specific types of MNPs to assess their toxicity, while other types of plastic particles commonly found in the environment remain unstudied. Future studies should investigate MNPs exposure by considering realistic concentrations, dose-dependent effects, individual susceptibility, and confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshad Ali
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Jenny Katsouli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Emma L Marczylo
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Toxicology Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Timothy W Gant
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Toxicology Department, Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Stephanie Wright
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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15
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Chen G, Shan H, Xiong S, Zhao Y, van Gestel CAM, Qiu H, Wang Y. Polystyrene nanoparticle exposure accelerates ovarian cancer development in mice by altering the tumor microenvironment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167592. [PMID: 37802340 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics are ubiquitous pollutants, widely spread in the living and natural environment. Although their potential impact on human health has been investigated, many doubts remain about their effects in carcinogenic processes. We investigated the potential effects and its molecular mechanisms of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) using the human EOC cell line HEY as an in vitro cell model and mice as a mammalian model. In vivo exposure to PS-NPs (100 nm; 10 mg/L) via drinking water significantly accelerated EOC tumor growth in mice. In in vitro tests the PS-NPs reduced the relative viability of EOC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Histological analysis showed increased mitotic counts in EOC tumor tissues of PS-NP exposed mice. PS-NP exposure significantly affected gene expression and disturbed many metabolic pathways in both cultured EOC cells and EOC tumor tissue in mice. Gene functional and pathway analysis indicated that immune-related responses and the tumor microenvironment pathway were significantly enriched, which may be attributed to disturbed expression of thrombomodulin (THBD) and its regulators. It may be concluded that PS-NP exposure caused a significant acceleration of EOC tumor growth in mice and a dose-dependent decrease in the relative viability of EOC cells by altering the tumor growth microenvironment. This offers new insights into the mechanisms underlying PS-NP effects on EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangquan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China.
| | - Huang Shan
- Ren ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shiyi Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Ren ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China.
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16
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Peng M, Vercauteren M, Grootaert C, Rajkovic A, Boon N, Janssen C, Asselman J. Cellular and bioenergetic effects of polystyrene microplastic in function of cell type, differentiation status and post-exposure time. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122550. [PMID: 37716692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of microplastics (MPs) in food sources and personal care products increasingly raises concerns on human health. However, little is known about the duration of the effects of MPs and whether effects depend on cellular differentiation status. Herein, cellular and bioenergetic effects of MPs in different exposure scenarios on four types of human cell lines derived from lung (A549 and BEAS-2B), colon (Caco-2) and liver (HepG2) were investigated. These cell lines are models for the major exposure routes in the body (inhalation, ingestion and physiological transport through the liver by the portal vein). To this aim, different scenarios were implemented by exposing undifferentiated and differentiated cells to single dosing of 2-μm polystyrene (PS) (102-105 particles/mL) for 48 h and 12 days. The undifferentiated Caco-2 cells with short exposure (48 h) showed the highest uptake rate of PS yet without significant cellular and mitochondrial responses. The biological effects, with the exception of ROS production, were not influenced by differentiation states of A549 and Caco-2 cells although differentiated cells showed much weaker ability to internalize PS. However, PS had significantly long-term impacts on cellular and mitochondrial functions even after the initial exposure period. In particular, Caco-2 cells that were post-exposed for 12 days after single PS dosing suffered higher oxidative stress and exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction than that for short exposure. Correspondingly, we observed that PS particles still remained in cell membrane and even in nuclei with high retention rate by 14-d post exposure during which metabolism and exchange of internalization and release occurred in cells. This indicates PS could induce chronic stress and even harmful effects on human cells after single intake that persists for a long time. This study paves the way for assessing the influence of PS on human health at low particle concentrations and with multiple exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Peng
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400, Oostende, Belgium.
| | - Maaike Vercauteren
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400, Oostende, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Technology and Ecology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin Janssen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400, Oostende, Belgium
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Blue Growth Research Lab, Ghent University, Wetenschapspark 1, 8400, Oostende, Belgium
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17
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Lv W, Shen Y, Xu S, Wu B, Zhang Z, Liu S. Underestimated health risks: Dietary restriction magnify the intestinal barrier dysfunction and liver injury in mice induced by polystyrene microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165502. [PMID: 37451458 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have gained significant attention due to their widespread presence in the environment. While studies have been conducted to investigate the risks associated with MPs, the potential effects of MPs on populations with varying dietary habits, such as dietary restriction (DR), remain largely undefined. The sensitivity of the body to invasive contaminants may increase due to insufficient food intake. Here, we aimed to investigate whether dietary restriction could affect the toxicity of MPs in mice. Following a 5-week exposure to 200 μg/L polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs), DR-PSMPs treatment group exhibited significant intestinal barrier dysfunction compared to ND-PSMPs treatment group, as determined by histopathological and biochemical analysis. Dietary restriction worsened liver oxidative stress and bile acid disorder in mice exposed to PSMPs. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that DR-PSMPs treatment caused alterations in gut microbiota composition, including the downregulation of probiotics abundance and upregulation of pathogenic bacteria abundance. The negative effects caused by PSMPs in mice with dietary restriction could attribute to increased MPs bioaccumulation, declined water intake, reduced probiotics abundance, and elevated pathogenic bacteria abundance, as well as the susceptibility of the dietary restriction individual. Our findings hint that the biological effects of contaminants could be affected by dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Lv
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yihan Shen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shimin Xu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Su Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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18
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Yang Z, DeLoid GM, Zarbl H, Baw J, Demokritou P. Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) and their potential toxicological outcomes: State of science, knowledge gaps and research needs. NANOIMPACT 2023; 32:100481. [PMID: 37717636 PMCID: PMC10841092 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste has been produced at a rapidly growing rate over the past several decades. The environmental impacts of plastic waste on marine and terrestrial ecosystems have been recognized for years. Recently, researchers found that micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), micron (100 nm - 5 mm) and nanometer (1 - 100 nm) scale particles and fibers produced by degradation and fragmentation of plastic waste in the environment, have become an important emerging environmental and food chain contaminant with uncertain consequences for human health. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent findings from studies of potential toxicity and adverse health impacts of MNPs in terrestrial mammals, including studies in both in vitro cellular and in vivo mammalian models. Also reviewed here are recently released biomonitoring studies that have characterized the bioaccumulation, biodistribution, and excretion of MNPs in humans. The majority MNPs in the environment to which humans are most likely to be exposed, are of irregular shapes, varied sizes, and mixed compositions, and are defined as secondary MNPs. However, the MNPs used in most toxicity studies to date were commercially available primary MNPs of polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and other polymers. The emerging in vitro and in vivo evidence reviewed here suggests that MNP toxicity and bioactivity are largely determined by MNP particle physico-chemical characteristics, including size, shape, polymer type, and surface properties. For human exposure, MNPs have been identified in human blood, urine, feces, and placenta, which pose potential health risks. The evidence to date suggests that the mechanisms underlying MNP toxicity at the cellular level are primarily driven by oxidative stress. Nonetheless, large knowledge gaps in our understanding of MNP toxicity and the potential health impacts of MNP exposures still exist and much further study is needed to bridge those gaps. This includes human population exposure studies to determine the environmentally relevant MNP polymers and exposure concentrations and durations for toxicity studies, as well as toxicity studies employing environmentally relevant MNPs, with surface chemistries and other physico-chemical properties consistent with MNP particles in the environment. It is especially important to obtain comprehensive toxicological data for these MNPs to understand the range and extent of potential adverse impacts of microplastic pollutants on humans and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Yang
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Glen M DeLoid
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Helmut Zarbl
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joshua Baw
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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19
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Mısırlı NS, Pimtong W, Sillapaprayoon S, Chantho V, Saenmuangchin R, Aueviriyavit S, Dudak FC. Impact of a real food matrix and in vitro digestion on properties and acute toxicity of polystyrene microparticles. NANOIMPACT 2023; 32:100482. [PMID: 37717635 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Although it is proved that humans ingest microplastics via food, and microplastics were found in human tissues, blood and feces, there needs to be more data on the properties and health-related effects of plastic particles that interact with food and undergo digestion. This study aimed to examine the impact of a real food matrix, milk, on the behavior and gastrointestinal fate of polystyrene microparticles (PSMP). In the presence of the food matrix, the net negative ζ-potential values of PSMP (diameter size of 1.823 μm) decreased significantly due to the formation of the corona, mostly consisting of α and β-casein fragments. Protein corona profiles and morphologies of particles incubated with whole and skim milk were found to be similar, and the protein profiles were completely altered after in vitro digestion simulation. In vitro and in vivo toxicity studies showed that neither bare PSMP nor food-interacted PSMP pose acute toxicity on the Caco-2 cell line and zebrafish embryos under the chosen experimental conditions. In summary, these results may contribute to a better understanding of changes that microplastics undergo in foods. Further studies on repeated exposure or chronic toxicity are needed to fully reveal the effect of food matrix on microplastic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazım Sergen Mısırlı
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Wittaya Pimtong
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Siwapech Sillapaprayoon
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Varissara Chantho
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Rattaporn Saenmuangchin
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Aueviriyavit
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Fahriye Ceyda Dudak
- Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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20
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Li Z, Huang Y, Zhong Y, Liang B, Yang X, Wang Q, Sui H, Huang Z. Impact of food matrices on the characteristics and cellular toxicities of ingested nanoplastics in a simulated digestive tract. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113984. [PMID: 37567356 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic and nanoplastic (MNP) pollution has become a major global food safety concern. MNPs can interact with food matrices, and their passage through the gastrointestinal tract can modify their properties. To explore whether and how food matrices influence MNP toxicity, we investigated the interactions between polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and food matrices, using an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model. Then, we tested cell viability, particle uptake and cellular toxicities induced by PS-NPs with food matrices in Caco-2 cells. The results showed that PS-NPs were aggregated, both with and without food matrices, after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Glyceryl trioleate exerted greater ability to stabilize digestas and to disperse PS-NPs than starch and bovine serum albumin. The protein corona's protein composition on PS-NPs varied when it interacted with different food matrices. Moreover, when combined with food matrices, the PS-NPs' uptake was enhanced, thus aggravating cellular inflammation, stress, and apoptosis levels. Finally, through co-exposure to a mixture of food matrices, we found a combined negative effect of PS-NPs and cadmium on cellular inflammation, stress, and apoptosis levels. This is the first study to compare the impact of various food matrices on the characteristics and cellular toxicities of ingested NPs in a simulated digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuji Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yizhou Zhong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Boxuan Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haixia Sui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100022, China.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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21
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Jabor Z, Sutton SC. Effects of Digestion, Cell Culture Media, and Mucous on the Physical Properties, Cellular Effects, and Translocation of Polystyrene and Polymethacrylate Nanoparticles. TOXICS 2023; 11:708. [PMID: 37624213 PMCID: PMC10458608 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of plastic and metal nanoparticles in organisms, foods, and beverages has generated numerous studies on the effects of these particles on the barrier cells and their subsequent absorption into the body. Following ingestion, nanoparticles travel down the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and their physicochemical characteristics change in response to the change in proteins and pH during their digestion. We measured the translocation of digested nanoparticles across a co-culture monolayer of Caco-2 and various combinations (1:9, 5:5, and 9:1) of HT29-MTX-E12. The in vitro model of the intestine was used to determine the translocation of digested 20 nm polymethacrylate (PMA) particles and the accompanying monolayer barrier effects after a 72 h exposure. The in vitro digestion increased the agglomeration and hydrodynamic diameters and decreased the surface charge of the nanoparticles. For NH2-functionalized polymethacrylate nanoparticles (PMA-NH2), the diameters increased from 57 nm (water) to 3800 nm (media), or 2660 nm (chyme). These nanoparticles compromised the integrity of the monolayer (trans-epithelial electrical resistance, Lucifer yellow translocation) and translocated across all the cell ratio configurations. Digestion can have a large effect on nanoparticle agglomeration and surface charge. Excess mucous was not seen as a barrier to the translocation of PMA-NH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Jabor
- School of Pharmacy, Westbrook College of Health Professions, University of New England, 716 Stevens Ave, Portland, ME 04103, USA
| | - Steven C. Sutton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Westbrook College of Health Professions, University of New England, 716 Stevens Ave, Portland, ME 04103, USA
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22
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Kaseke T, Lujic T, Cirkovic Velickovic T. Nano- and Microplastics Migration from Plastic Food Packaging into Dairy Products: Impact on Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism. Foods 2023; 12:3043. [PMID: 37628042 PMCID: PMC10453031 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing use of plastic polymers to manufacture food packaging has raised concerns about the presence of nano- and microplastics (NMPs) in a variety of foods. This review provides the most recent data on NMPs' migration from plastic packaging into dairy products. Also discussed are the possible effects of NMPs on nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. Different kinds of dairy products, including skimmed milk, whole liquid milk, powder milk, and infant formula milk, have been found to contain NMPs of various sizes, shapes, and concentrations. NMPs may interact with proteins, carbohydrates, and fats and have a detrimental impact on how well these nutrients are digested and absorbed by the body. The presence of NMPs in the gastrointestinal tract may impact how lipids, proteins, glucose, iron, and energy are metabolized, increasing the risk of developing various health conditions. In addition to NMPs, plastic oligomers released from food packaging material have been found to migrate to various foods and food simulants, though information regarding their effect on human health is limited. Viewpoints on potential directions for future studies on NMPs and their impact on nutrient digestion, absorption, and health are also presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafadzwa Kaseke
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Lujic
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Food Technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Food Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 21985, Republic of Korea
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihajlova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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Bazeli J, Banikazemi Z, Hamblin MR, Sharafati Chaleshtori R. Could probiotics protect against human toxicity caused by polystyrene nanoplastics and microplastics? Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186724. [PMID: 37492595 PMCID: PMC10363603 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) made of polystyrene (PS) can be toxic to humans, especially by ingestion of plastic particles. These substances are often introduced into the gastrointestinal tract, where they can cause several adverse effects, including disturbances in intestinal flora, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and exacerbated oxidative stress. Although there are widespread reports of the protective effects of probiotics on the harm caused by chemical contaminants, limited information is available on how these organisms may protect against PS toxicity in either humans or animals. The protective effects of probiotics can be seen in organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, reproductive tract, and even the brain. It has been shown that both MPs and NPs could induce microbial dysbiosis in the gut, nose and lungs, and probiotic bacteria could be considered for both prevention and treatment. Furthermore, the improvement in gut dysbiosis and intestinal leakage after probiotics consumption may reduce inflammatory biomarkers and avoid unnecessary activation of the immune system. Herein, we show probiotics may overcome the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and microplastics in humans, although some studies are required before any clinical recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Bazeli
- Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Nursing, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Reza Sharafati Chaleshtori
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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24
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Zhao Y, Liu S, Xu H. Effects of microplastic and engineered nanomaterials on inflammatory bowel disease: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138486. [PMID: 36963581 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many microplastics and engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) exist in the daily environment. The intestinal impact of these exogenous fine particles on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) people may be unpredictable. In this paper, we reviewed the recent progress in the effect of microplastics and ENMs on IBD individuals. We also compared and summarized the various roles of microplastics and ENMs in healthy and IBD bodies, including factors such as particle size, particle properties, intestinal microenvironment, interaction with the intestinal barrier, and molecular mechanism. Our literature review showed that microplastics could be accomplices in the development of IBD and could cause severe intestinal inflammation. Moreover, ENMs could elicit diverse exposure outcomes in healthy and IBD bodies. Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs), titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and graphene oxide (GO) displayed slight to adverse effects that turned into apparent adverse effects, while zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) showed a toxic effect that became therapeutic. A deeper understanding of the impact of microplastics and ENMs on the high-risk group was needed, and we proposed several insights into the research priorities and directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shanji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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25
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Chen Y, Williams AM, Gordon EB, Rudolph SE, Longo BN, Li G, Kaplan DL. Biological effects of polystyrene micro- and nano-plastics on human intestinal organoid-derived epithelial tissue models without and with M cells. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 50:102680. [PMID: 37105344 PMCID: PMC10247512 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nano-plastics (MPs and NPs) released from plastics in the environment can enter the food chain and target the human intestine. However, knowledge about the effects of these particles on the human intestine is still limited due to the lack of relevant human intestinal models to validate data obtained from animal studies or tissue models employing cancer cells. In this study, human intestinal organoids were used to develop epithelia to mimic the cell complexity and functions of native tissue. Microfold cells (M cells) were induced to distinguish their role when exposure to MPs and NPs. During the exposure, the M cells acted as sensors, capturers and transporters of larger sized particles. The epithelial cells internalized the particles in a size-, concentration-, and time-dependent manner. Importantly, high concentrations of particles significantly triggered the secretion of a panel of inflammatory cytokines linked to human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Ashleigh M Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Edward B Gordon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sara E Rudolph
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Brooke N Longo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA; National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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26
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Ji J, Wu X, Li X, Zhu Y. Effects of microplastics in aquatic environments on inflammatory bowel disease. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115974. [PMID: 37088319 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing in recent years, particularly in newly industrialized nations. Environmental factors have been identified as playing a crucial role in IBD pathogenesis. Microplastics (MPs), a novel class of environmental pollutants, are a significant global pollution concern. MPs are found in almost all aquatic environments. MPs in the environment may pose health risks, specifically concerning the intestinal system, due to prolonged exposure through the consumption of aquatic foods and drinking water. In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the impact of MPs in water resources on the occurrence and progression of IBD. Our systematic analysis of in vitro and in vivo studies found that MPs induce intestinal barrier dysfunction, imbalance in the intestinal microbiome, and metabolic abnormalities, ultimately leading to IBD. In addition, MP exposure causes greater harm to individuals with preexisting gastrointestinal disorders than those without them. Our analysis of this literature review highlights the need for further research to improve the understanding of the complex relationship between MP exposure and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Ji
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xi Li
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Ya Zhu
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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27
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Vela L, Villacorta A, Venus T, Estrela-Lopis I, Pastor S, García-Rodriguez A, Rubio L, Marcos R, Hernández A. The potential effects of in vitro digestion on the physicochemical and biological characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121656. [PMID: 37075918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plastic waste in our environment has continued growing and become an important environmental concern. Because of its degradation into micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs), MNPLs are becoming environmental pollutants of special environmental/health concern. Since ingestion is one of the main exposure routes to MNPLs, the potential effects of digestion on the physicochemical/biological characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPLs) were determined. The results indicated a high tendency of digested PSNPLs to agglomerate and a differential presence of proteins on their surface. Interestingly, digested PSNPLs showed greater cell uptake than undigested PSNPLs in all three tested cell lines (TK6, Raji-B, and THP-1). Despite these differences in cell uptake, no differences in toxicity were observed except for high and assumed unrealistic exposures. When oxidative stress and genotoxicity induction were determined, the low effects observed after exposure to undigested PDNPLs were not observed in the digested ones. This indicated that the greater ability of digested PSNPLs to internalize was not accompanied by a greater hazard. This type of analysis should be performed with other MNPLs of varying sizes and chemical compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Vela
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Eugenio Espejo. Universidad UTE, Avenida Occidental y Mariana de Jesús, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Tom Venus
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susana Pastor
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alba García-Rodriguez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain; Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, PUCMM, Santiago de Los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Spain
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28
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Fournier E, Ratel J, Denis S, Leveque M, Ruiz P, Mazal C, Amiard F, Edely M, Bezirard V, Gaultier E, Lamas B, Houdeau E, Engel E, Lagarde F, Etienne-Mesmin L, Mercier-Bonin M, Blanquet-Diot S. Exposure to polyethylene microplastics alters immature gut microbiome in an infant in vitro gut model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130383. [PMID: 36444070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Infants are characterized by an immaturity of the gut ecosystem and a high exposure to microplastics (MPs) through diet, dust and suckling. However, the bidirectional interactions between MPs and the immature infant intestinal microbiota remain unknown. Our study aims to investigate the impact of chronic exposure to polyethylene (PE) MPs on the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier of infants, using the new Toddler mucosal Artificial Colon coupled with a co-culture of epithelial and mucus-secreting cells. Gut microbiota composition was determined by 16S metabarcoding and microbial activities were evaluated by gas, short chain fatty acid and volatolomics analyses. Gut barrier integrity was assessed via evaluation of intestinal permeability, inflammation and mucus synthesis. Exposure to PE MPs induced gut microbial shifts increasing α-diversity and abundance of potentially harmful pathobionts, such as Dethiosulfovibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. Those changes were associated to butyrate production decrease and major changes in volatile organic compounds profiles. In contrast, no significant impact of PE MPs on the gut barrier, as mediated by microbial metabolites, was reported. For the first time, this study indicates that ingestion of PE MPs can induce perturbations in the gut microbiome of infants. Next step would be to further investigate the potential vector effect of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeremy Ratel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, MASS Team, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathilde Leveque
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Ruiz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Mazal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Amiard
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Mathieu Edely
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Valerie Bezirard
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Erwan Engel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, MASS Team, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
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29
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Busch M, Brouwer H, Aalderink G, Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Bouwmeester H. Investigating nanoplastics toxicity using advanced stem cell-based intestinal and lung in vitro models. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1112212. [PMID: 36777263 PMCID: PMC9911716 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic particles in the nanometer range-called nanoplastics-are environmental contaminants with growing public health concern. As plastic particles are present in water, soil, air and food, human exposure via intestine and lung is unavoidable, but possible health effects are still to be elucidated. To better understand the Mode of Action of plastic particles, it is key to use experimental models that best reflect human physiology. Novel assessment methods like advanced cell models and several alternative approaches are currently used and developed in the scientific community. So far, the use of cancer cell line-based models is the standard approach regarding in vitro nanotoxicology. However, among the many advantages of the use of cancer cell lines, there are also disadvantages that might favor other approaches. In this review, we compare cell line-based models with stem cell-based in vitro models of the human intestine and lung. In the context of nanoplastics research, we highlight the advantages that come with the use of stem cells. Further, the specific challenges of testing nanoplastics in vitro are discussed. Although the use of stem cell-based models can be demanding, we conclude that, depending on the research question, stem cells in combination with advanced exposure strategies might be a more suitable approach than cancer cell lines when it comes to toxicological investigation of nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Busch
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hugo Brouwer
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Germaine Aalderink
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Roel P. F. Schins
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Hans Bouwmeester,
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30
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Fournier E, Leveque M, Ruiz P, Ratel J, Durif C, Chalancon S, Amiard F, Edely M, Bezirard V, Gaultier E, Lamas B, Houdeau E, Lagarde F, Engel E, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S, Mercier-Bonin M. Microplastics: What happens in the human digestive tract? First evidences in adults using in vitro gut models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130010. [PMID: 36182891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and humans are inevitably exposed to them. However, the effects of MPs in the human digestive environment are largely unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of repeated exposure to polyethylene (PE) MPs on the human gut microbiota and intestinal barrier using, under adult conditions, the Mucosal Artificial Colon (M-ARCOL) model, coupled with a co-culture of intestinal epithelial and mucus-secreting cells. The composition of the luminal and mucosal gut microbiota was determined by 16S metabarcoding and microbial activities were characterized by gas, short chain fatty acid, volatolomic and AhR activity analyses. Gut barrier integrity was assessed via intestinal permeability, inflammation and mucin synthesis. First, exposure to PE MPs induced donor-dependent effects. Second, an increase in abundances of potentially harmful pathobionts, Desulfovibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and a decrease in beneficial bacteria such as Christensenellaceae and Akkermansiaceae were observed. These bacterial shifts were associated with changes in volatile organic compounds profiles, notably characterized by increased indole 3-methyl- production. Finally, no significant impact of PE MPs mediated by changes in gut microbial metabolites was reported on the intestinal barrier. Given these adverse effects of repeated ingestion of PE MPs on the human gut microbiota, studying at-risk populations like infants would be a valuable advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Leveque
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Ruiz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jeremy Ratel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Claude Durif
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Amiard
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathieu Edely
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Valerie Bezirard
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Erwan Engel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
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31
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Cheng Y, Yang S, Yin L, Pu Y, Liang G. Recent consequences of micro-nanaoplastics (MNPLs) in subcellular/molecular environmental pollution toxicity on human and animals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114385. [PMID: 36508803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and Nanoplastics (MNPLs) pollution has been recognized as the important environmental pollution caused by human activities in addition to global warming, ozone layer depletion and ocean acidification. Most of the current studies have focused on the toxic effects caused by plastics and have not actively investigated the mechanisms causing cell death, especially at the subcellular level. The main content of this paper focuses on two aspects, one is a review of the current status of MNPLs contamination and recent advances in toxicological studies, which highlights the possible concentration levels of MNPLs in the environment and the internal exposure of humans. It is also proposed to pay attention to the compound toxicity of MNPLs as carriers of other environmental pollutants and pathogenic factors. Secondly, subcellular toxicity is discussed and the modes of entry and intracellular distribution of smaller-size MNPLs are analyzed, with particular emphasis on the importance of organelle damage to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity. Importantly, MNPLs are a new type of environmental pollutant and researchers need to focus not only on their toxicity, but also work with governments to develop measures to reduce plastic emissions, optimize degradation and control plastic aggression against organisms, especially humans, from multiple perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
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32
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Xu JL, Lin X, Wang JJ, Gowen AA. A review of potential human health impacts of micro- and nanoplastics exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158111. [PMID: 35987230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to summarize the current knowledge on biological effects of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) on human health based on mammalian systems. An extensive search of the literature led to a total of 133 primary research articles on the health relevance of MNPs. Our findings revealed that although the study of MNP cytotoxicity and inflammatory response represents a major research theme, most studies (105 articles) focused on the effects of polystyrene MNPs due to their wide availability as a well characterised research material that can be manufactured with a large range of particle sizes, fluorescence labelling as well as various surface modifications. Among the 133 studies covered in this review, 117 articles reported adverse health effects after being exposed to MNPs. Mammalian in vitro studies identified multiple biological effects including cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, genotoxicity, embryotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, renal toxicity and even carcinogenicity, while rodent in vivo models confirmed the bioaccumulation of MNPs in the liver, spleen, kidney, brain, lung and gut, presenting adverse effects at different levels including reproductive toxic effects and trans-generational toxicity. In contrast, the remaining 16 studies indicated an insignificant impact of MNPs on humans. A few studies attempted to investigate the mechanisms or factors driving the toxicity of MNPs and identified several determining factors including size, concentration, shape, surface charge, attached pollutants and weathering process, which, however, were not benchmarked or considered by most studies. This review demonstrates that there are still many inconsistencies in the evaluation of the potential health effects of MNPs due to the lack of comparability between studies. Current limitations hindering the attainment of reproducible conclusions as well as recommendations for future research directions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Li Xu
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- AMBER Research Centre and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aoife A Gowen
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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33
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Wen S, Zhao Y, Wang M, Yuan H, Xu H. Micro(nano)plastics in food system: potential health impacts on human intestinal system. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1429-1447. [PMID: 36066327 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2116559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) in human food system have been broadly recognized by researchers and have drawn an increasing public attention to their potential health risks, particularly the risk to the intestinal system regarding the long-term exposure to MNPs through food consumption. This study aims to review the environmental properties (formation and composition) of MNPs and MNPs pollution in human food system following the order of food production, food processing and food consumption. The current analytic and identical technologies utilized by researchers are also summarized in this review. In fact, parts of commonly consumed food raw materials, processed food and the way to take in food all become the possible sources for human MNPs ingestion. In addition, the available literatures investigating MNPs-induced intestinal adverse effect are discussed from in vitro models and in vivo mammalian experiments, respectively. Particle translocation, cytotoxicity, damaged gut barrier, intestinal inflammation as well as microbial alteration are mostly reported. Moreover, the practical remediation strategies for MNPs pollution are also illustrated in the last section. This review is expected to provide a research insight for foodborne MNPs and arouse more public awareness of MNPs pollution in food and potential risk for human intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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34
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Völkl M, Jérôme V, Weig A, Jasinski J, Meides N, Strohriegl P, Scheibel T, Freitag R. Pristine and artificially-aged polystyrene microplastic particles differ in regard to cellular response. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128955. [PMID: 35472543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic particles (MP), arising from the gradual decomposition of plastics in the environment, have been identified as a global problem. Most investigations of MP cytotoxicity use pristine spherical particles available from commercial sources when evaluating their impact on mammalian cells, while only limited data is available for the more relevant "weathered microplastic". In this study, we exposed murine macrophages to polystyrene MP either after up to 130 days of accelerated ageing or in pristine condition. Weathered and pristine MP were physicochemically characterized, and their cytotoxicity was investigated using biological assays, transcriptome analysis, and metabolic pathways prediction. Whereas the response to pristine MP is mainly dominated by a TNF-α release, sharp-edged weathered MP induce broader adverse cellular reactions. This study stresses the importance of including more realistic test particles (e.g., weathered particles) in combination with a broad range of biological assays when evaluating the potential risk of microplastic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Völkl
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alfons Weig
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Julia Jasinski
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Nora Meides
- Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peter Strohriegl
- Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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35
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Solan ME, Senthilkumar S, Aquino GV, Bruce ED, Lavado R. Comparative cytotoxicity of seven per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in six human cell lines. Toxicology 2022; 477:153281. [PMID: 35933025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human exposures to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to several diseases associated with adverse health outcomes. Animal studies have been conducted, though these may not be sufficient due to the inherent differences in metabolic processes between humans and rodents. Acquiring relevant data on the health effects of short-chain PFAS can be achieved through methods supported by in vitro human cell-based models. Specifically, cytotoxicity assays are the crucial first step to providing meaningful information used for determining safety and providing baseline information for further testing. To this end, we exposed human cell lines representative of six different tissue types, including colon (CaCo-2), liver (HepaRG), kidney (HEK293), brain (HMC-3), lung (MRC-5), and muscle (RMS-13) to five short-chain PFAS and two legacy PFAS. The exposure of the individual PFAS was assessed using a range of concentrations starting from a low concentration (10-11 M) to a high concentration of (10-4 M). Our results indicated that CaCo-2 and HEK293 cells were the least sensitive to PFAS exposure, while HMC-3, HepaRG, MRC-5, and RMS-13 demonstrated significant decreases in viability in a relatively narrow range (EC50 ranging from 1 to 70 µM). The most sensitive cell line was the neural HMC-3 for all short- and long-chain PFAS (with EC50 ranging from 1.34 to 2.73 µM). Our data suggest that PFAS do not exert toxicity on all cell types equally, and the cytotoxicity estimates we obtained varied from previously reported values. Overall, this study is novel because it uses human cell lines that have not been widely used to understand human health outcomes associated with PFAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Solan
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | | | - Grace V Aquino
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Erica D Bruce
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Ramon Lavado
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
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36
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Xu Y, Huang D, Liu P, Ouyang Z, Jia H, Guo X. The characteristics of dissolved organic matter release from UV-aged microplastics and its cytotoxicity on human colonic adenocarcinoma cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154177. [PMID: 35231513 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are a large number of microplastic (MPs) in the sea or on land, most of which undergo physical, chemical or biological processes leading to the release of dissolved organic matter (DOM). In this study, we analyzed the change of Polyurethane microplastic (PU-MPs) valence bond under different aging conditions thanks to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and its surface characteristics using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and also described the characteristics of DOM dissolved from PU (PU-DOM) under UV aging process in two different medium (water and air), based on Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements, UV-visible spectrometer and Three-dimensional excitation emission matrices (3D-EEMs). The DOC data both showed that Under UV aging of different systems, PU-DOM concentration increases with the extension of aging time, and correspondingly, its toxicity to human colon adenocarcinoma cells also increases, but the release amount of PU-DOM under air aging is higher than that of PU-DOM in water. We speculate that it may be the refraction and scattering of water, which leads to the reduction of the intensity of UV radiation. 3D-EEMs identified tryptophan-like fluorescent component and tyrosine-like component, meanwhile, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) data further confirmed the formation of acid substances. The results further confirmed that the composition of PU-DOM in different systems is the same, but the release amount is different. The contents of the produced conjugated carbonyls and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of light irradiation increased likewise. The cytotoxicity of PU-DOM was consistent with the changing trend of ROS level in PU-MPs, suggesting that the produced ROS induced the in vitro toxicities. The results not only highlight the adverse health effects of photoaged PU-MPs, but also provide new perspectives for the environmental risks of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Daofen Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhuozhi Ouyang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Rodrigues ACB, de Jesus GP, Waked D, Gomes GL, Silva TM, Yariwake VY, da Silva MP, Magaldi AJ, Veras MM. Scientific Evidence about the Risks of Micro and Nanoplastics (MNPLs) to Human Health and Their Exposure Routes through the Environment. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10060308. [PMID: 35736916 PMCID: PMC9228263 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10060308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, a large amount and variety of plastic is being produced and consumed by human beings on an enormous scale. Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPLs) have become ubiquitous since they can be found in many ecosystem components. Plastic particles can be found in soil, water, and air. The routes of human exposure are numerous, mainly involving ingestion and inhalation. Once ingested, these particles interact with the gastrointestinal tract and digestive fluids. They can adsorb substances such as additives, heavy metals, proteins, or even microorganisms on their surface, which can cause toxicity. During inhalation, they can be inhaled according to their respective sizes. Studies have reported that exposure to MNPLs can cause damage to the respiratory tract, creating problems such as bronchitis, asthma, fibrosis, and pneumothorax. The reports of boards and committees indicate that there is little data published and available on the toxicity of MNPLs as well as the exposure levels in humans. Despite the well-established concept of MNPLs, their characteristics, and presence in the environment, little is known about their real effects on human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Bastos Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Gabriel Pereira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Dunia Waked
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Gabriel Leandro Gomes
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Thamires Moraes Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Mariane Paula da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
| | - Antônio José Magaldi
- Kidney Research Laboratory–LIM12, Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental and Environmental Pathology–LIM05, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (A.C.B.R.); (G.P.d.J.); (D.W.); (G.L.G.); (T.M.S.); (V.Y.Y.); (M.P.d.S.)
- Correspondence:
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38
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Zając M, Kotyńska J, Worobiczuk M, Breczko J, Naumowicz M. The Effect of Submicron Polystyrene on the Electrokinetic Potential of Cell Membranes of Red Blood Cells and Platelets. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040366. [PMID: 35448336 PMCID: PMC9025842 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many scientists have studied the effects of polymer micro- and nanostructures on living organisms. As it turns out, plastic can be a component of the blood of livestock, eaten by humans around the globe. Thus, it seems important to investigate possible changes in the physicochemical parameters and morphology of the cell membranes of blood morphotic elements (red blood cells and platelets) under the influence of polymer particles. The article presents research in which cell membranes were exposed to plain polystyrene (PS) and amino-functionalized polystyrene (PS-NH2) of two different sizes. The polymers were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light-scattering methods. To analyze possible changes caused by polymer exposure in the structure of the membranes, their zeta potentials were measured using the electrophoretic light-scattering technique. The concentration of the polymers, as well as the exposure time, were also taken into the consideration during the research. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that 100 and 200 nm PS, as well as 100 nm PS-NH2, internalize into the cells. On the contrary, 200 nm PS-NH2 particles attach to cell membranes. Our study clearly shows that particle size and surface chemistry determine the interaction with biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Zając
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Joanna Kotyńska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (J.K.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Mateusz Worobiczuk
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (J.K.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Joanna Breczko
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (J.K.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Monika Naumowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (J.K.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-8573-880-71
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39
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Llorca M, Farré M. Current Insights into Potential Effects of Micro-Nanoplastics on Human Health by in-vitro Tests. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:752140. [PMID: 35295102 PMCID: PMC8915894 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.752140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to micro and nanoplastics (MNPLs) through inhalation, ingestion and, to a lesser extent, dermal contact. In recent years, new insights indicate the potential of MNPLs to cause damages to human health. Particle toxicity can include oxidative stress, inflammatory lesions, and then increased internalization or translocation through tissues. On the other hand, plastic additives are used in plastic particles, once internalized, can release toxic substances. It is noteworthy that the potential effects of MNPLs encompass a wide range of polymers and chemical additives, showing various physicochemical and toxicological properties, and the size, shape and surface properties are other variables influencing their effects. In spite of the research carried out recently, MNPLs research is in its early stages, and further investigation is required. In this review article, the knowledge of human exposure routes and the recent results on the toxicological effects of MNPLs in human health are presented and discussed. Finally, the current limitations and the main gaps in the body of knowledge are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llorca
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marinella Farré
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Olga V, Xue Y, Lv S, Diao X, Zhang Y, Han Q, Zhou H. The potential effects of microplastic pollution on human digestive tract cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132714. [PMID: 34743871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The level of environmental microplastics in the biosphere is constantly increasing. These environmental microplastics can enter the human body with food, be absorbed through the gut, and have negative effects on the organism health after its digestion. Four sizes (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 μm) polystyrene microspheres (PS-MPs) and nanospheres (PS-NPs) were selected for this study. The effects of different sizes of polystyrene particles on human colonic epithelial cell CCD841CoN and small intestinal epithelial cell HIEC-6 within 24 h were explored. The uptake of PS-NPs was found to has more potential to enter cells than micro-sized polystyrene PS-MPs that was confirmed by fluorescence microscope, and the intake amount was proportional to the exposure time. PS-MPs had no significant effect on cell viability and apoptosis, but the group treated with high concentration showed low toxicity to oxidative stress level and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the membrane damage caused by PS-MPs was significantly higher than that of PS-NPs. This may be due to the large amount of polystyrene adhering to interstitial, which have a significant negative effect on the cell membrane functions. For the first time human intestinal normal cell lines were used to study the effect of microplastic pollution, which can provide some references for the influence of microplastics on human health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shunlan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China
| | - Volovych Olga
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yijia Xue
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shuguo Lv
- Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Haikou, 571126, China
| | - Xiaoping Diao
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yingai Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Haikou, 570208, China.
| | - Qian Han
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Hailong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
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41
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Gündogdu S, Rathod N, Hassoun A, Jamroz E, Kulawik P, Gokbulut C, Aït-Kaddour A, Özogul F. The impact of nano/micro-plastics toxicity on seafood quality and human health: facts and gaps. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6445-6463. [PMID: 35152807 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2033684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of the food and especially marine environment with nano/micro-plastic particles has raised serious concern in recent years. Environmental pollution and the resulting seafood contamination with microplastic (MP) pose a potential threat to consumers. The absorption rate of the MP by fish is generally considered low, although the bioavailability depends on the physical and chemical properties of the consumed MP. The available safety studies are inconclusive, although there is an indication that prolonged exposure to high levels of orally administered MP can be hazardous for consumers. This review details novel findings about the occurrence of MP, along with its physical and chemical properties, in the marine environment and seafood. The effect of processing on the content of MP in the final product is also reviewed. Additionally, recent findings regarding the impact of exposure of MP on human health are discussed. Finally, gaps in current knowledge are underlined, and the possibilities for future research are indicated in the review. There is an urgent need for further research on the absorption and bioavailability of consumed MP and in vivo studies on chronic exposure. Policymakers should also consider the implementation of novel legislation related to MP presence in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedat Gündogdu
- Department of Basic Sciences, Cukurova University Faculty of Fisheries, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nikheel Rathod
- Department of Post Harvest Management of Meat, Poultry and Fish, Post Graduate Institute of Post-harvest Management (Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth), Dapoli, Maharashtra State, India
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ewelina Jamroz
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Karakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Kulawik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Adnan Menderes, Isikli Koyu, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Gokbulut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Balikesir University, Cagis Campus, Balikesir, Turkey
| | | | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Cukurova University Faculty of Fisheries, Adana, Turkey
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42
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Ma Y, Koh JYC, Lim HK, Shi P, Tay CY. Elucidating the Size‐dependency of in Vitro Digested Polystyrene Microplastics on Human Intestinal Cells Health And Function. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One Singapore 637141 Singapore
| | - Jie Yan Cheryl Koh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One Singapore 637141 Singapore
| | - Hong Kit Lim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Pujiang Shi
- Energy Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 Singapore
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute 1 CleanTech Loop, CleanTech One Singapore 637141 Singapore
- Energy Research Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University 60 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637551 Singapore
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SunSmart) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore
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43
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Meng X, Zhang J, Wang W, Gonzalez-Gil G, Vrouwenvelder JS, Li Z. Effects of nano- and microplastics on kidney: Physicochemical properties, bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and immunoreaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132631. [PMID: 34688716 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The potential toxicity of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) has raised concerns. However, knowledge of the effects of NPs/MPs on the health of mammals is still limited. Here we investigated the alteration of the physicochemical properties of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs: 50 nm) and MPs (PS-MPs: 300 nm, 600 nm, 4 μm) in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, we investigated the uptake and bioaccumulation and the toxic effects of these plastic particles in the kidneys of mice. The results revealed that their digestion promoted the aggregation of PS-NPs and PS-MPs and increased the Zeta-potential value. Both PS-NPs and PS-MPs bioaccumulated in the kidneys, and the aggregation of 600 nm PS-MPs exacerbated their biotoxicity. The PS-NPs and PS-MPs caused mice weight loss, increased their death rate, significantly alternated several biomarkers, and resulted in histological damage of the kidney. We also found that exposure to PS-NPs and PS-MPs induced oxidative stress and the development of inflammation. These findings provide new insights into the toxic effects of NPs and MPs on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Graciela Gonzalez-Gil
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Johannes S Vrouwenvelder
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zhenyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
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Cheng W, Li X, Zhou Y, Yu H, Xie Y, Guo H, Wang H, Li Y, Feng Y, Wang Y. Polystyrene microplastics induce hepatotoxicity and disrupt lipid metabolism in the liver organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150328. [PMID: 34571217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic particles (MP) has been detected in the environment widespread. Human beings are inevitably exposed to MP via multiple routines. However, the hazard identifications, as direct evidence of exposure and health risk, have not been fully characterized in human beings. Many studies suggest the liver is a potential target organ, but currently no study regarding the MP on human liver has been reported. In this study, we used a novel in vitro 3D model, the liver organoids (LOs) generated from human pluripotent stem cells, as an alternative model to the human liver, to explore the adverse biological effect of 1 μm polystyrene-MP (PS-MP) microbeads applying a non-static exposure approach. When the LOs were exposed to 0.25, 2.5 and 25 μg/mL PS-MP (the lowest one was relevant to the environmental concentrations, calculated to be 102 ± 7 items/mL). The potential mechanisms of PS-MP induced hepatotoxicity and lipotoxicity, in aspects of cytotoxicity, levels of key molecular markers, ATP production, alteration in lipid metabolism, ROS generation, oxidative stress and inflammation response, were determined. Specifically, it has been firstly observed that PS-MP could increase the expression of hepatic HNF4A and CYP2E1. Based on these findings, the potential adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) relevant to PS-MP were proposed, and the potential risks of PS-MP on liver steatosis, fibrosis and cancer were implicated. The combined application of novel LOs model and AOPs framework provides a new insight into the risk assessment of MP. Further studies are anticipated to validate the hepatotoxic molecular mechanism of PS-MP based on HNF4A or CYP2E1, and to investigate the MP-induced physical damage and its relationship to hepatic adverse effect for human beings. CAPSULE: Microplastics cause hepatotoxicity and disrupt lipid metabolism in the human pluripotent stem cells-derived liver organoids, providing evidence for human implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaolan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hengyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichun Xie
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaqi Guo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- The Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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45
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Rubin AE, Zucker I. Interactions of microplastics and organic compounds in aquatic environments: A case study of augmented joint toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133212. [PMID: 34890605 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High levels of persistent contaminants such as microplastics (MPs) and trace organic compounds (TrOCs) in the aquatic environment have become a major threat on the ecosystem and human health. While MP's role as a vector of environmental TrOCs is widely discussed in the literature, the corresponding implications of the interaction between these two compounds on human health (i.e., their joint toxic effect) have not been illustrated. Using a TrOCs model (Triclosan, TCS) and primary MPs (polystyrene microbeads), this work evaluates the sorption and desorption potential of TCS and MPs in simulated environmental and cellular conditions, respectively, and estimates the single and joint toxicity of these interactions toward human cells (Caco-2). Surface functionality of the microbeads highly increased their adsorption capacity of TCS, from 2.3 mg TCS for non-functionalized microbeads to 4.6 mg and 6.1 mg TCS per gram of microbeads for amino- and carboxyl-functionalized MPs, respectively. Using non-functionalized MPs, non-specific "hydrophobic-like" interactions and π-π interactions dominated the sorption mechanism of TCS; however, the addition of hydrogen interactions between functionalized microbeads and TCS increased the microbeads' overall sorption capacity. TCS was desorbed from both functionalized and non-functionalized MPs when changing from environmental conditions to cellular conditions. Desorption was found to be dependent on the matrix complexity and protein content as well as microbead functionality. Finally, toxicity tests suggested that while low concentrations of TCS and MPs (separately) have minor toxic effect toward Caco-2 cells, TCS-sorbed MPs at similar concentrations have an order of magnitude higher toxicity than pristine MPs, potentially associated with the close interaction of both MP and TCS with the cells. Overall, this study not only elucidates the role of MPs as a TrOC vector, but also demonstrates a realistic scenario in which co-presence of these environmental contaminants poses risks to the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Ethan Rubin
- Porter School of Earth and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Ines Zucker
- Porter School of Earth and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel; School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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46
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Yu J, Chen L, Gu W, Liu S, Wu B. Heterogeneity effects of nanoplastics and lead on zebrafish intestinal cells identified by single-cell sequencing. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133133. [PMID: 34861263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic particles in water environment can adsorb heavy metals, leading to combined toxicity on aquatic organisms. However, current conclusions are mostly obtained based on cell population-average responses. Heterogeneity effects among cell populations in aquatic organisms remain unclear. This study firstly analyzed the basic toxic effects of 20 μg L-1, 200 μg L-1 100 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs), 50 μg L-1 lead (Pb), and their combined exposures on zebrafish intestine. Results found that combined exposure of 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs and 50 μg L-1 Pb induced highest MDA, 8-OHdG, and TNF-α levels. Thus 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs, 50 μg L-1 Pb and their combined exposures were chosen to analyze the heterogeneity effects on zebrafish intestine cells by single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 38,640 zebrafish intestinal cells were obtained and identified as seven cell populations, including enterocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, T cells, enteroendocrine cells, and goblet cells. 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs exposure had the greatest influence on macrophages, while Pb exposure mostly influenced enterocytes. Results of MDA, 8-OHdG, and TNF-α analyses indicated that 20 μg L-1 and 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs increased the Pb toxicity. However, the scRNA-seq showed that the synergistic effects did not exist in most cell populations, except for goblet cells. Co-exposure of 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs and Pb caused similar transcriptome profiles with 200 μg L-1 PS-NPs exposure in macrophages, which changed immunological recognition and apoptosis processes. The Pb exposure influenced the macrophages by direct cytotoxicity. However, the Pb alone and combined exposures induced similar toxicities in the enterocytes, including the generation of oxidative stress and abnormality of lipid metabolism. This study shows the scRNA-seq is a powerful method to identify the target cell populations and corresponding toxic effects during combined exposure of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Weiqing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Zheng JL, Wang D, Chen X, Song HZ, Xiang LP, Yu HX, Peng LB, Zhu QL. Nutritional-status dependent effects of microplastics on activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase in Brachionus rotundiformis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150213. [PMID: 34571232 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and alpha-amylase (AMY) are essential in the immune and digestive systems, respectively. Microplastics (MPs) pose a risk to zooplankton which may be in a state of feeding, starvation, or subsequent refeeding. However, molecular characterization of both enzymes and the regulated mechanisms affected by nutritional statuses and MPs remain unclear in zooplankton. In the present study, four full-length genes encoding ALPL and two genes encoding AMY were cloned and characterized from an isolated marine rotifer, Brachionus rotundiformis, including alplA, alplB, alplC, alplD, amy2a, and amy2al. AMY activity and expression of amy2a and amy2al were reduced by starvation and recovered after refeeding compared with feeding. ALPL activity remained unchanged among different statuses, while alplA, alplB and alplD were down-regulated by starvation and refeeding compared with feeding. ALPL activity was not affected by exposure to 10, 100 and 1000 μg/L MPs in rotifers subjected to feeding, starvation and refeeding, whereas AMY activity was significantly enhanced by 1000 μg/L MPs in rotifers subjected to refeeding. Gene expression of the tested genes, except amy2a, was significantly responsive to MPs, especially in the feeding rotifers, depending on MPs concentrations and nutritional statuses. Two-way ANOVA confirmed that these changes were strongly associated with the interaction between MPs concentrations and nutritional statuses. The present study is the first to demonstrate a nutritional status-dependent impact of MPs on immune and digestive responses, and provides more sensitive molecular biomarkers for assessing MPs toxicity using the species as model animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Dan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Hong-Zi Song
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Xiang
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Han-Xiu Yu
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Li-Bin Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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Stock V, Böhmert L, Coban G, Tyra G, Vollbrecht ML, Voss L, Paul MB, Braeuning A, Sieg H. Microplastics and nanoplastics: Size, surface and dispersant - What causes the effect? Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 80:105314. [PMID: 35033651 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that humans are exposed to microplastic particles through contaminated food. Although suitable analytical methods are still lacking, it is likely that these contaminations also contain a nanoplastics fraction. It is known from nanotoxicology that particles may acquire altered toxicological properties with decreasing particle sizes. Particles can also have different surface modalities and functionalizations. Moreover, nano- and microplastics as materials with probably a relatively low toxicity are often applied at high concentrations in in vitro tests, and therefore the solvating agent, namely the dispersant in which the particles are supplied may have a major impact on the outcome. This might be misinterpreted as particle effect. Therefore, it is crucial to determine what causes the effect - size, surface or dispersant? In this study this question was investigated by applying established in vitro models for the intestinal barrier (differentiated Caco-2 monoculture and mucus- and M-cell co-culture) and hepatocytes (differentiated HepaRG cells), mimicking the oral route of particle uptake. A complex set of nine different polystyrene micro- and nanoparticles was used to elucidate the effect of particle size, surface modification and dispersant. Uptake and transport as well as biochemical endpoints were measured, complemented by particle characterization. The results show that indeed some dispersants can cause a more pronounced cytotoxic effect than the particles themselves. Surface modification and particle size show a clear influence on the uptake and cytotoxicity of nano- and microplastic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Stock
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Linda Böhmert
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gülcin Coban
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gina Tyra
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Vollbrecht
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Linn Voss
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Maxi B Paul
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
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49
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Hao W, Cha R, Wang M, Zhang P, Jiang X. Impact of nanomaterials on the intestinal mucosal barrier and its application in treating intestinal diseases. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 7:6-30. [PMID: 34889349 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB) is one of the important barriers to prevent harmful substances and pathogens from entering the body environment and to maintain intestinal homeostasis. The dysfunction of the IMB is associated with intestinal diseases and disorders. Nanomaterials have been widely used in medicine and as drug carriers due to their large specific surface area, strong adsorbability, and good biocompatibility. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the impact of typical nanomaterials on the IMB and summarize the treatment of intestinal diseases by using nanomaterials. The effects of nanomaterials on the IMB are mainly influenced by factors such as the dosage, size, morphology, and surface functional groups of nanomaterials. There is huge potential and a broad prospect for the application of nanomaterials in regulating the IMB for achieving an optimal therapeutic effect for antibiotics, oral vaccines, drug carriers, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Ruitao Cha
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Mingzheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Pai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China.
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Rakib MRJ, Al Nahian S, Alfonso MB, Khandaker MU, Enyoh CE, Hamid FS, Alsubaie A, Almalki ASA, Bradley DA, Mohafez H, Islam MA. Microplastics pollution in salt pans from the Maheshkhali Channel, Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23187. [PMID: 34848770 PMCID: PMC8632905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) were recognized as an emergent pollution problem due to their ubiquitous nature and bioaccumulative potential. Those present in salt for consumption could represent a human exposure route through dietary uptake. The current study, conducted in Bangladesh, reports microplastics contamination in coarse salt prepared for human consumption. Sea salt samples were collected from eight representative salt pans located in the country's largest salt farming area, in the Maheshkhali Channel, along the Bay of Bengal. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with mean concentrations ranging from 78 ± 9.33 to 137 ± 21.70 particles kg-1, mostly white and ranging in size from 500-1000 µm. The prevalent types were: fragments (48%) > films (22%) > fibers (15%) > granules and lines (both 9%). Fourier transform mid-IR and near-IR spectra (FT-MIR-NIR) analysis registered terephthalate (48%), polypropylene (20%), polyethylene (17%), and polystyrene (15%) in all samples. These results contribute to the MP's pollution knowledge in sea salts to understand and reduce this significant human exposure route and environmental pollution source in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Refat Jahan Rakib
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Sultan Al Nahian
- Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
| | - María B Alfonso
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO-CONICET-UNS), Florida 8000, B8000BFW, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christian Ebere Enyoh
- Group Research in Analytical Chemistry, Environment and Climate Change (GRACE & CC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imo State University Owerri, P. M. B 2000, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Fauziah Shahul Hamid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Research in Waste Management, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Alsubaie
- Department of Physics, College of Khurma, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Hamidreza Mohafez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Aminul Islam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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