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Ostadmohammadi V, Namazi MJ, Rezasoltani M, Kheirkhah D, Rajabi M, Sharif A, Taghavi Ardakani A, Raygan F, Assareh AA, Sharif MR. Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Inflammatory Status and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Overweight or Obese Children: a Randomized Clinical Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3496-3503. [PMID: 37989929 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03954-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present clinical trial was to determine the impact of zinc supplementation on serum liver enzymes, steatosis severity, lipid profile, and inflammatory status in overweight or obese children with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This randomized controlled trial was conducted by enrolling 60 children with NASH, aged 10-18 years old. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups that received either 30 mg/day of elemental zinc or placebo for 16 weeks. The severity of liver steatosis was evaluated using liver ultrasonography. Fasting blood samples were collected from each patient at the beginning and after 16 weeks of intervention to measure biochemical parameters. Following a 16-week intervention, zinc supplementation compared with placebo significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and considerably enhanced HDL-cholesterol values. However, zinc intake had no considerable impact on aspartate aminotransferase, the severity of liver steatosis, anthropometric parameters, and other lipid indices versus the placebo group. Overall, zinc supplementation showed a promising impact on serum ALT, HDL-cholesterol, and inflammatory status in overweight or obese children suffering from NASH. Zinc supplementation may be a new strategy for the amelioration of NASH in overweight or obese children. This trial has been registered on the Iranian website for registration of clinical trials with the special ID of IRCT20200531047614N1 ( https://www.irct.ir/trial/48543 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Namazi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Health Sciences and Social Work, Western Illinois University, Macomb, USA
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rezasoltani
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Kheirkhah
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rajabi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Sharif
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abbas Taghavi Ardakani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fariba Raygan
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amelia A Assareh
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Sharif
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Nazari M, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Pashayee-Khamene F, Bagheri R, Goudarzi K, Hosseinnia NV, Dolatshahi S, Omran HS, Amirani N, Ashtary-Larky D, Asbaghi O, Ghanavati M. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2966-2990. [PMID: 37870684 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc supplementation has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation as the main contributors to CVD pathogenesis. Since CVD is a major cause of mortality among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this study aimed to overview the potential effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors in T2DM patients. To determine appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors, electronic sources including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched until January 2023. The heterogeneity of trials was checked using the I2 statistic. According to the heterogeneity tests, random-effects models were estimated, and pooled data were defined as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Of the 4004 initial records, 23 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings indicated the significant lowering effects of zinc supplementation on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and C-reactive protein (CRP), while high-density cholesterol (HDL) concentrations showed an elevation after zinc supplementation. In addition to statistical significance, the effect of zinc supplementation on most of the variables was clinically significant; however, the quality of evidence in the included studies is regarded as low or very low for most variables. Our study demonstrated that zinc supplementation has beneficial effects on glycemic control markers, lipid profile, and CRP levels as a classic marker of inflammation in T2DM. Due to the high degree of heterogeneity between studies and the low rate of quality in them, further well-designed studies are necessitated to strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Vahid Hosseinnia
- Sport Management Department, Human Science Faculty, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi Omran
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fukazawa R, Ishii R, Higashimoto Y, Hanya M, Shimizu Y, Shinomoto M, Fujii A, Mizuno T. Zinc Administration Favorably Affects Prophylactic Therapy-refractory Migraine Attacks: A Case Series. Intern Med 2024; 63:1631-1635. [PMID: 37926551 PMCID: PMC11189699 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2111-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notably, certain nutrients are effective in preventing migraine. Nonetheless, zinc replacement therapy for migraine treatment has yet to be explored. We herein report four patients with migraine who were refractory to prophylactic therapy and whose headache frequency and severity improved with zinc supplementation. Zinc administration may be an option for treating patients with prophylaxis-refractory migraine. Further investigation is required to determine the efficacy of zinc replacement therapy as a treatment option for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fukazawa
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Ishii
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuki Higashimoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Japan
| | - Misaki Hanya
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Neurology, North Medical Center Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Japan
| | - Makiko Shinomoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujii
- Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Shiga Hospital, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Japan
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Khajeh M, Hassanizadeh S, Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi F, Hassanizadeh R, Vajdi M, Askari G. Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Body Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04059-x. [PMID: 38224402 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is to investigate the overall effects of zinc supplementation on lipid profile and body composition such as body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched from inception through October, 2023. The I2 and Cochran's Q tests were used to assess heterogeneity between studies. Nineteen RCTs (n = 1357 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Zinc supplementation significantly reduced TG (WMD = - 17.41 mg/dL; 95% CI: - 22.60, - 12.22; P < 0.001), TC (WMD: - 19.60 mg/dL; 95% CI: - 28.46, - 10.73, P < 0.001), LDL-C (WMD = - 8.80 mg/dL; 95% CI: - 14.80, - 2.81; P = 0.004), and BMI (WMD = - 0.53 kg/m2; 95% CI: - 1.05, - 0.01; P = 0.046) but not BW (WMD: - 0.51 kg, 95 % CI: - 1.99, 0.97, P = 0.498). Moreover, zinc supplementation increased HDL-C (WMD = 4.82 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.88, 8.76; P = 0.016) in patients with T2DM. Our results propose that zinc supplementation may be an effective strategy for improving lipid profile and body composition in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Khajeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Hassanizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Reza Hassanizadeh
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Lu Q, Yan Q, Li X. Regulation of Intestinal Flora and Immune Response by Cyanidin Exhibits Protective Effect against Type-2 Diabetes in Rat Model. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 513:S67-S74. [PMID: 38379077 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923600422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In the current study the effects of metformin and cyanidin on the immune system and intestinal flora in rats with type-2 diabetes was investigated. The findings showed that metformin or cyanidin treatment considerably reduced the rise in body weight and glucose levels induced by type-2 diabetes. The type-2 diabetic rats' glucose tolerance was significantly increased by cyanidin administration comparable to that of metformin. Cyanidin administration resulted in a significant reduction in serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in rats with type-2 diabetes. Treatment with cyanidin significantly increased the ratio of high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein in type-2 diabetes rats. Cyanidin administration significantly raised the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the fecal samples of type-2 diabetic rats compared to the model group. In comparison to the model group, it also significantly raised the levels of Lactobacillus intestinalis, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus reuteri in the type-2 diabetes rats. In type-2 diabetes rat fecal samples, the abundance of Christensenellaceae significantly increased while Enterobacteriaceae and Proteobacteria were found to decrease upon cyanidin administration. Furthermore, cyanidin administration to the rats with type-2 diabetes significantly improved the glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that cyanidin enhances glucose homeostasis in rats with type-2 diabetes, potentially through controlling intestinal flora. Thus, cyanidin may be looked into more as a possible therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, no. 199, 221009, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, no. 199, 221009, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, no. 199, 221009, Xuzhou, China.
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Rezaei SMA, Mohammadi F, Eftekhari MH, Ejtehadi F, Ghaem H, Mohammadipoor N. The effects of zinc supplementation on the metabolic factors in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:138. [PMID: 38012749 PMCID: PMC10683204 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with metabolic factors including obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and elevated inflammatory factors. Zinc (Zn) supplementation has been investigated as a potential adjunctive therapy in managing NAFLD outcomes. METHODS In this randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial, 50 overweight or obese participants with NAFLD were randomized into 2 groups of 25 and received either 30 mg of daily Zn or a placebo for 8 weeks. Both groups were invited to follow a balanced energy-restricted diet and physical activity recommendations. RESULTS Based on the between-group comparison, Zn supplementation caused a significant increase in the Zn level (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in weight (P = 0.004), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.002), waist circumference (P = 0.010), aspartate transaminase (AST) (P = 0.033), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.045), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.014), but it had no significant effect on alanine transaminase (ALT), fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicated that 8-week supplementation of 30 mg daily Zn may increase the Zn serum level and decline anthropometric parameters, AST, TC, and LDL-C in NAFLD patients, so further research is suggested in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was retrospectively registered at IRCT.ir as IRCT20191015045113N1 (December/8/2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Amin Rezaei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Ghaem
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mohammadipoor
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Heidari Seyedmahalleh M, Montazer M, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Azadbakht L. The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Lipid Profiles in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1374-1388. [PMID: 37604307 PMCID: PMC10721485 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the effects of zinc supplementation on lipid profiles in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarize the current data on the effects of zinc supplementation on lipid profiles in patients with T2DM. Three online databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant studies published until September 2022. The exposure was zinc supplementation, and the outcomes were low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC). Fourteen randomized clinical trials consisting of 1067 patients were included in the statistical analysis. Significant improvement was observed in all 4 lipid profile components. Following zinc supplementation, a significant decrease was observed in TC (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -16.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -26.43, -5.89; P = 0.002), LDL (WMD: -6.18; 95% CI: -9.35, -3.02; P < 0.001), and TG (WMD: -13.08; 95% CI: -21.83, -4.34; P = 0.003). After analyzing 13 studies reporting HDL, a significant increase was seen (WMD: 3.76; 95% CI: 1.30, 6.22; P = 0.003). In a nonlinear dose-response analysis, a significant inverse association was observed between <12 wk zinc supplementation and TC, LDL, and TG (TC: WMD: -5, Pnonlinearity < 0.001; LDL: WMD: -5, Pnonlinearity = 0.07, TG: WMD: -16.5, Pnonlinearity = 0.006). Nonlinear dose-response analysis shows that the optimum elemental zinc dosage for the best response to the supplementation for TC, LDL, and TG are 120, 100, and 140 mg/d, respectively (TC: WMD: -5, Pnonlinearity < 0.001; LDL: WMD: -10, Pnonlinearity = 0.006, TG: WMD: -50, Pnonlinearity = 0.031). In conclusion, we found significant changes in all 4 components of the lipid profile through zinc supplementation in T2DM patients. Based on our findings, zinc supplementation may have profound favorable consequences on the lipid profile of T2DM patients, especially in the zinc-deficient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidari Seyedmahalleh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Montazer
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Autoimmune Bullous Disease Research Center, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Övermöhle C, Rimbach G, Waniek S, Strathmann EA, Liedtke T, Stürmer P, Both M, Weber KS, Lieb W. Association of Plasma Zinc and Copper with Body Composition, Lipids and Inflammation in a Cross-Sectional General Population Sample from Germany. Nutrients 2023; 15:4460. [PMID: 37892535 PMCID: PMC10609917 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to relate circulating plasma zinc and copper to a broad spectrum of adiposity-related traits in a cross-sectional Northern German study (n = 841, 42% female, age: 61 ± 12 years). Zinc and copper were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue and liver fat were derived from 534 and 538 participants, respectively, via magnet resonance imaging. Associations were assessed using multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis. An increase per one standard deviation (SD) in zinc was associated with direct linear increases in body mass index (BMI) (1.17%; 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.15-2.20%), waist circumference (0.85%; 95%CI 0.04-1.67%) and waist-to-hip ratio (0.64%; 95%CI 0.18-1.09%). A 1-SD increment in copper was directly associated with BMI (1.64%; 0.41-2.88%) and waist circumference (1.22%; 95%CI 0.25-2.20%) but not waist-to-hip ratio. Independent of fat intake, zinc displayed associations with VAT (5.73%; 95%CI 2.04-9.56%) and with liver fat (3.84%; 95%CI 1.49-6.25%), the latter association being also independent of BMI. Copper was directly associated with SAT (4.64%; 95%CI 0.31-9.15%) before accounting for BMI, but showed no association with VAT or liver fat. Observed associations suggest a possible relevance of zinc and copper to adiposity. Particularly zinc displayed associations with traits of abdominal adiposity and liver fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Övermöhle
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabina Waniek
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Eike A. Strathmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Tatjana Liedtke
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Paula Stürmer
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Marcus Both
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina S. Weber
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany (K.S.W.); (W.L.)
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Cai L, Tan Y, Watson S, Wintergerst K. Diabetic cardiomyopathy - Zinc preventive and therapeutic potentials by its anti-oxidative stress and sensitizing insulin signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 477:116694. [PMID: 37739320 PMCID: PMC10616760 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and insulin resistance are two key mechanisms for the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction). In this review, we discussed how zinc and metallothionein (MT) protect the heart from type 1 or type 2 diabetes (T1D or T2D) through its anti-oxidative function and insulin-mediated PI3K/Akt signaling activation. Both T1D and T2D-induced DCM, shown by cardiac structural remodeling and dysfunction, in wild-type mice, but not in cardiomyocyte-specific overexpressing MT mice. In contrast, mice with global MT gene deletion were more susceptible to the development of DCM. When we used zinc to treat mice with either T1D or T2D, cardiac remodeling and dysfunction were significantly prevented along with increased cardiac MT expression. To support the role of zinc homeostasis in insulin signaling pathways, treatment of diabetic mice with zinc showed the preservation of phosphorylation levels of insulin-mediated glucose metabolism-related Akt2 and GSK-3β and even rescued cardiac pathogenesis induced by global deletion of Akt2 gene in a MT-dependent manner. These results suggest the protection by zinc from DCM is through both the induction of MT and sensitization of insulin signaling. Combined our own and other works, this review comprehensively summarized the roles of zinc homeostasis in the development and progression of DCM and its therapeutic implications. At the end, we provided pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the preventive and therapeutic potential of zinc supplementation through its anti-oxidative stress and sensitizing insulin signaling actions. Understanding the intricate connections between zinc and DCM provides insights for the future interventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America.
| | - Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America.
| | - Sara Watson
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Kupper Wintergerst
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, United States of America
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Jahankhani K, Taghipour N, Mashhadi Rafiee M, Nikoonezhad M, Mehdizadeh M, Mosaffa N. Therapeutic effect of trace elements on multiple myeloma and mechanisms of cancer process. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113983. [PMID: 37567355 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In the human body, trace elements and other micronutrients play a vital role in growth, health and immune system function. The trace elements are Iron, Manganese, Copper, Iodine, Zinc, Cobalt, Fluoride, and Selenium. Estimating the serum levels of trace elements in hematologic malignancy patients can determine the severity of the tumor. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematopoietic malignancy and is characterized by plasma cell clonal expansion in bone marrow. Despite the advances in treatment methods, myeloma remains largely incurable. In addition to conventional medicine, treatment is moving toward less expensive noninvasive alternatives. One of the alternative treatments is the use of dietary supplements. In this review, we focused on the effect of three trace elements including iron, zinc and selenium on important mechanisms such as the immune system, oxidative and antioxidant factors and cell cycle. Using some trace minerals in combination with approved drugs can increase patients' recovery speed. Trace elements can be used as not only a preventive but also a therapeutic tool, especially in reducing inflammation in hematological cancers such as multiple myeloma. We hope that the prospect of the correct use of trace element supplements in the future could be promising for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Jahankhani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Nikoonezhad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Mehdizadeh
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Nazem MR, Asadi M, Adelipour M, Jabbari N, Allameh A. Zinc supplementation ameliorates type 2 diabetes markers through the enhancement of total antioxidant capacity in overweight patients. Postgrad Med J 2023; 99:862-867. [PMID: 37137539 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence show that the recommended dose of zinc may not be sufficient for controlling pathological conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on the oxidative status in overweight T2DM. In addition, the routine glycaemic parameters were determined and compared in zinc-treated and placebo groups. METHODS In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 70 patients with T2DM were selected. They were divided into two groups for supplementation of 50 mg zinc gluconate or placebo (zinc group, n=35; placebo group, n=35) per day for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from all the individuals in the zinc group and controls for analysis. RESULTS The results showed that zinc supplementation to patients with T2DM for 8 weeks significantly inhibited serum levels of lipid peroxidation (25%), nitrotyrosine (30%) and total oxidant status levels (25%, p<0.05). Nevertheless, the total antioxidant capacity was significantly elevated (16%) following zinc intake by patients with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS These data, together with our previous report, may suggest that the control in the glycaemic condition in overweight patients with T2DM is correlated with the antioxidative/oxidative balance following intake of 50 mg zinc supplementation for 8 weeks. Under these circumstances, the clinical and glycaemic indices, including fasting blood glucose, insulin, haemoglobin A1c and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, were controlled. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT2015083102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Nazem
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mojgan Asadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Maryam Adelipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Niloofar Jabbari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, IAUPS, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Abdolamir Allameh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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12
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Zavros A, Andreou E, Aphamis G, Bogdanis GC, Sakkas GK, Roupa Z, Giannaki CD. The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3133. [PMID: 37513551 PMCID: PMC10386647 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the effectiveness of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical function parameters in people with overweight and obesity is scarce, while the effects of zinc and selenium on thyroid function and body composition are still a topic of debate and controversy. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial was to examine the effects of a hypocaloric diet and Se-Zn co-supplementation on RMR, thyroid function, body composition, physical fitness, and functional capacity in overweight or obese individuals. Twenty-eight overweight-obese participants (mean BMI: 29.4 ± 4.7) were randomly allocated (1:1) to the supplementation group (n = 14, 31.1 ± 5.5 yrs, 9 females) and the placebo group (n = 14, 32.1 ± 4.8 yrs, 6 females). The participants received Zn (25 mg of zinc gluconate/day) and Se (200 mcg of L-selenomethionine/day) or placebo tablets containing starch for eight weeks. The participants of both groups followed a hypocaloric diet during the intervention. RMR, thyroid function, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and functional capacity (sit-to-stand tests, timed up-and-go test, and handgrip strength) were assessed before and after the intervention. A significant interaction was found between supplementation and time on RMR (p = 0.045), with the intervention group's RMR increasing from 1923 ± 440 to 2364 ± 410 kcal/day. On the other hand, no interaction between supplementation and time on the thyroid function was found (p > 0.05). Regarding the effects of Zn/Se co-administration on Se levels, a significant interaction between supplementation and time on Se levels was detected (p = 0.004). Specifically, the intervention group's Se serum levels were increased from 83.04 ± 13.59 to 119.40 ± 23.93 μg/L. However, Zn serum levels did not change over time (90.61 ± 23.23 to 89.58 ± 10.61 umol/L). Even though all body composition outcomes improved in the intervention group more than placebo at the second measurement, no supplement × time interaction was detected on body composition (p > 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness did not change over the intervention. Yet, a main effect of time was found for some functional capacity tests, with both groups improving similarly over the eight-week intervention period (p < 0.05). In contrast, a supplement x group interaction was found in the performance of the timed up-and-go test (TUG) (p = 0.010), with the supplementation group improving more. In conclusion, an eight-week intervention with Zn/Se co-supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet increased the RMR, TUG performance, and Se levels in overweight and obese people. However, thyroid function, Zn levels, body composition, and the remaining outcomes of exercise performance remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Zavros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Andreou
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - George Aphamis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Gregory C Bogdanis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos K Sakkas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Zoe Roupa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Christoforos D Giannaki
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
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13
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Yang HY, Hung KC, Chuang MH, Chang R, Chen RY, Wang FW, Wu JY, Chen JY. Effect of zinc supplementation on blood sugar control in the overweight and obese population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:308-317. [PMID: 37385909 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although overweight and obese people have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes incidence than normal-weight individuals, the efficacy of zinc supplementation in blood sugar control in overweight and obese people remained unknown. This meta-analysis attempted to address this issue. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception until May 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of zinc supplementation among participants who were overweight or obese without language restriction. It is a random-effect meta-analysis that analyzed the impact of zinc supplementation on fasting glucose (FG) (i.e., primary outcome) and other variables including fasting insulin (FI), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and 2-hour postprandial glucose (2 h- PG). RESULTS Analysis of 12 eligible RCTs involving 651 overweight/obese participants demonstrated that zinc supplementation significantly improves FG (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -8.57 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -14.04 to -3.09 mg/dL, p = 0.002), HOMA-IR (WMD: -0.54; 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.30, p < 0.001), HbA1c (WMD: -0.25%; 95% CI: -0.43% to -0.07%, p = 0.006), and 2 h-PG (WMD: -18.42 mg/dL; 95% CI: -25.04 to -11.79 mg/dL, p < 0.001) compared to those in the control group. After conducting subgroup analyses, we found that the primary outcome, FG, showed more significant results in the subgroups with Asia, Zinc supplementation alone, higher dose (≥30 mg) and patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicated that zinc supplementation benefits blood sugar control in overweight and obese populations, with an especially significant reduction in FG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Hsiang Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Renin Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Ru-Yih Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Wei Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Yi Chen
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan City, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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14
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Nazari M, Ashtary-Larky D, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Goudarzi K, Bagheri R, Dolatshahi S, Omran HS, Amirani N, Ghanavati M, Asbaghi O. Zinc supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127244. [PMID: 37399684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A deficit in zinc has been related to a higher probability of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative capabilities of zinc may have a wide range of therapeutic impacts on CVDs. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the possible impacts that zinc supplementation may have on the risk factors associated with CVDs. METHODS To identify eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of zinc supplementation on CVDs risk factors, electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched up to January 2023. The heterogeneity of trials was checked using the I2 statistic. According to the heterogeneity tests, random effects models were estimated and pooled data were defined as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Of 23165 initial records, 75 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings indicated the significant lowering effects of zinc supplementation on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione (GSH), with no noticeable effects on low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), insulin, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), aspartate transaminase (AST), and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT). CONCLUSION Overall, zinc supplementation may boost recognized coronary risk factors that contribute to the development of CVDs. Future research should be conducted to bolster our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sina Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi Omran
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Carrizales-Sánchez AK, Tamez-Rivera O, García-Gamboa R, García-Cayuela T, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez NA, Elizondo-Montemayor L, García-Rivas G, Pacheco A, Hernández-Brenes C, Senés-Guerrero C. Gut microbial composition and functionality of school-age Mexican population with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1193832. [PMID: 37342535 PMCID: PMC10277889 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1193832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut metagenome in pediatric subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been poorly studied, despite an alarming worldwide increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity and MetS within this population. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomic composition of Mexican pediatric subjects with MetS and T2DM using shotgun metagenomics and analyze the potential relationship with metabolic changes and proinflammatory effects. Paired-end reads of fecal DNA samples were obtained through the Illumina HiSeq X Platform. Statistical analyses and correlational studies were conducted using gut microbiome data and metadata from all individuals. Gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in MetS and T2DM children compared to healthy subjects, which was characterized by an increase in facultative anaerobes (i.e., enteric and lactic acid bacteria) and a decrease in strict anaerobes (i.e., Erysipelatoclostridium, Shaalia, and Actinomyces genera). This may cause a loss of gut hypoxic environment, increased gut microbial nitrogen metabolism, and higher production of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These metabolic changes may trigger the activation of proinflammatory activity and impair the host's intermediate metabolism, leading to a possible progression of the characteristic risk factors of MetS and T2DM, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and an increased abdominal circumference. Furthermore, specific viruses (Jiaodavirus genus and Inoviridae family) showed positive correlations with proinflammatory cytokines involved in these metabolic diseases. This study provides novel evidence for the characterization of MetS and T2DM pediatric subjects in which the whole gut microbial composition has been characterized. Additionally, it describes specific gut microorganisms with functional changes that may influence the onset of relevant health risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Tamez-Rivera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nora A Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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16
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Ghaedi K, Ghasempour D, Jowshan M, Zheng M, Ghobadi S, Jafari A. Effect of zinc supplementation in the management of type 2 diabetes: A grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation-assessed, dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37183697 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2209802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The question of whether zinc supplementation may improve cardio-metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains controversial and require further evaluation. This study aimed to summarize the effectiveness of oral zinc supplementation in improving cardio-metabolic risk markers in people with T2DM. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs of type 2 diabetic adults (aged ≥18 years) comparing zinc supplementation with placebo were included. We excluded studies if not randomized, involved co-supplementation, and were conducted in children or pregnant women. Glycemic indices, lipid profiles, blood pressure, anthropometric measure, c-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, and serum zinc were extracted. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. We used a random-effect model to perform the dose-response analysis. Effect sizes were presented as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). 22 studies (n = 1442 participants) were included. The certainty of the evidence was rated as moderate to high. Zinc supplementation significantly reduced glycemic indices: including two-hour postprandial glucose (2hpp) (mean difference (MD): -34.34 mg/dl; 95%CI: -51.61∼ -17.07), fast blood sugar (FBS) (MD: -23.32 mg/dl; 95% CI: -33.81∼ -12.83), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (MD: -0.47; 95% CI: -0.71∼ -0.23). Zinc had a favorable effect on lipid profiles low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (MD: -10.76 mg/dl; CI: -17.79∼-3.73), triglyceride (TG) (MD: -18.23 mg/dl; CI: -32.81∼-3.65), total cholesterol (TC) (MD: -12.74 mg/dl; CI: -21.68∼-3.80), VLDL (MD: -5.39 mg/dl; CI: -7.35∼-3.43) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (MD: 4.04 mg/dl; CI: 0.96 ∼ 7.12). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD): -3.64 mmHg; 95% CI: -6.77∼ -0.52), weight (MD: 1.00 kg; 95% CI: 0.34∼1.66), CRP (MD: -3.37 mg/l, 95% CI: -4.05∼ -2.70), and serum zinc (MD: 15.38 µg/dl; 95% CI: 10.74∼ 20.02) changed to a statistically significant extent with zinc supplementation. There was also a linear association between additional 10 mg/d zinc treatment with FBS, HbA1c, HDL, LDL, TG, TC, and serum zinc. A non-linear dose-response gradient was seen for FBS, HDL, and SBP (p < 0.05). Egger's test showed no substantial publication bias. Our findings strongly suggest a potential beneficial effect of zinc supplementation on type 2 diabetic patients. Further high-quality research is needed to determine the optimal form, dosage, and duration of zinc supplementation for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Ghaedi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Dorsa Ghasempour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Jowshan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Saeed Ghobadi
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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17
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Luo T, Chen S, Cai J, Liu Q, Gou R, Mo X, Tang X, He K, Xiao S, Wei Y, Lin Y, Huang S, Li T, Chen Z, Li R, Li Y, Zhang Z. Association between combined exposure to plasma heavy metals and dyslipidemia in a chinese population. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:131. [PMID: 36474262 PMCID: PMC9724421 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to heavy metals in the environment is widespread, while the relationship between combined exposure to heavy metals and dyslipidemia is unclear. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed, and 3544 participants aged 30 years or older were included in the analyses. Heavy metal concentrations in plasma were based on inductively coupled plasma‒mass spectrometry. The relationship between heavy metals and dyslipidemia was estimated by logistic regression. BKMR was used to evaluate metal mixtures and their potential interactions. RESULTS In logistic regression analysis, participants in the fourth quartile of Fe and Zn (Fe > 1352.38 µg/L; Zn > 4401.42 µg/L) had a relatively higher risk of dyslipidemia (Fe, OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.92,1.38; Zn, OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03,1.64). After sex stratification, females in the third quartile of plasma Zn (1062.05-4401.42 µg/L) had a higher relative risk of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.38). In BKMR analysis, metal mixtures were negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females when all metal concentrations were above the 50th percentile. In the total population (estimated from 0.030 to 0.031), As was positively associated with dyslipidemia when other metals were controlled at the 25th, 50th, or 75th percentile, respectively, and As was below the 75th percentile. In females (estimated from - 0.037 to -0.031), Zn was negatively associated with dyslipidemia when it was above the 50th percentile. CONCLUSION This study indicated that As was positively associated with dyslipidemia and that Zn may be negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females. Combined metal exposure was negatively associated with dyslipidemia in females. Females with low plasma Zn levels are more likely to develop dyslipidemia and should receive more clinical attention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Luo
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- grid.411858.10000 0004 1759 3543School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi 530200 Nanning, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Ruoyu Gou
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Xu Tang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Kailian He
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Song Xiao
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Yinxia Lin
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Shenxiang Huang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Tingjun Li
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Ruiying Li
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - You Li
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, No.1 Zhiyuan Road, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China ,grid.443385.d0000 0004 1798 9548Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guangxi 541199 Guilin, China
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Triangulating evidence for the causal impact of single-intervention zinc supplement on glycaemic control for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trial and two-sample Mendelian randomisation. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1929-1944. [PMID: 35946077 PMCID: PMC10167665 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although previous studies suggested the protective effect of Zn for type 2 diabetes (T2D), the unitary causal effect remains inconclusive. We investigated the causal effect of Zn as a single intervention on glycaemic control for T2D, using a systematic review of randomised controlled trials and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR). Four primary outcomes were identified: fasting blood glucose/fasting glucose, HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and serum insulin/fasting insulin level. In the systematic review, four databases were searched until June 2021. Studies, in which participants had T2D and intervention did not comprise another co-supplement, were included. Results were synthesised through the random-effects meta-analysis. In the two-sample MR, we used single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from MR-base, strongly related to Zn supplements, to infer the relationship causally, but not specified T2D. In the systematic review and meta-analysis, fourteen trials were included with overall 897 participants initially. The Zn supplement led to a significant reduction in the post-trial mean of fasting blood glucose (mean difference (MD): −26·52 mg/dl, 95 % CI (−35·13, −17·91)), HbA1c (MD: −0·52 %, 95 % CI: (−0·90, −0·13)) and HOMA-IR (MD: −1·65, 95 % CI (−2·62, −0·68)), compared to the control group. In the two-sample MR, Zn supplement with two SNP reduced the fasting glucose (inverse-variance weighted coefficient: −2·04 mmol/l, 95 % CI (−3·26, −0·83)). From the two methods, Zn supplementation alone may causally improve glycaemic control among T2D patients. The findings are limited by power from the small number of studies and SNP included in the systematic review and two-sample MR analysis, respectively.
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Hosseini R, Karajibani M, Montazerifar F, Shahraki E, Babakhani K, Mohammad Mokhtari A, Sahebkar A. The impact of zinc supplementation on galectin-3 and metabolic markers in diabetic patients on hemodialysis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:743-750. [PMID: 35673488 PMCID: PMC9167385 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose There is little information about the association between zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) supplementation and metabolic profiles in zinc-deficient diabetic patients on hemodialysis (DHPs). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between ZnSO4 supplementation and serum levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and cardiometabolic parameters in zinc-deficient DHPs. Methods In the present randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 46 zinc-deficient DHPs (35-62 years) were included and assigned to receive either 220 mg/d ZnSO4 or placebo for 8 weeks. Serum levels of Gal-3, lipid profile, and blood pressure (BP) were assessed at baseline and the end of trial. Results We found a significant effect of ZnSO4 intake on the reduction of serum Gal-3 (P = < 0.001), triglycerides (P = < 0.001), total cholesterol (P = < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = < 0.001) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = < 0.001) as compared to the control group. Additionally, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.006) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.01) were significantly reduced following 8 weeks of ZnSO4 supplementation. Conclusion Taken together, 220 mg ZnSO4 supplementation per day for 8 weeks among zinc-deficient DHPs had beneficial effects on Gal-3 and metabolic profiles. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier IRCT20191217045765N1, date of registration: 2020-02-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Hosseini
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mansour Karajibani
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Montazerifar
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Elham Shahraki
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Khatereh Babakhani
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Mokhtari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Zavros A, Giannaki CD, Aphamis G, Roupa Z, Andreou E. The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Body Composition and Thyroid Function in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review. J Diet Suppl 2022:1-29. [PMID: 35532055 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2022.2072044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
People with obesity have been found to have lower zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) circulatory levels and abnormal thyroid function than people with normal weight. Studies about the effects of Zn and Se supplementation on body composition and thyroid function of overweight-obese people showed inconsistent results. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted to determine the effects of Ζn supplementation, Se supplementation, and their combination on body composition and thyroid function of individuals with overweight or obesity. Databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane, were searched from inception to February 27, 2022, to identify relevant articles. For the assessment of the methodological quality of the studies, the Jadad scale was used. After screening the articles, thirteen studies were finally included and were analyzed using the strength of the evidence approach. Regarding the effectiveness of Zn supplementation on body composition, moderate evidence was found, while the effects of Se were found to be mixed. Zn supplementation was found to affect the thyroid function of people with overweight or obesity by increasing their free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels. However, this result is based only on one study among hypothyroid patients. At this point, the effectiveness of Zn, Se, and their combination, on the body composition and the thyroid function of people with overweight or obesity cannot safely be determined because of the controversial results, small number, and the limitations of the identified studies. The results of this systematic review must be interpreted with caution due to the limitations detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Zavros
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - George Aphamis
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Zoe Roupa
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Andreou
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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21
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Penny H, Flores R, Pennington E, Pedersen A, Tran S. The role of macronutrients and micronutrients in wound healing: a narrative review. J Wound Care 2022; 31:S14-S22. [PMID: 35576197 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.sup5.s14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is an extensive amount of research and literature discussing the role of various nutrients throughout the wound healing process. Despite the importance of nutrition in wound healing, dietary protocols often remain absent from wound care standards. This may be due to a lack of comprehensive literature that summarises the complexities and considerations associated with nutrient deficiency and supplementation into an easily accessible and inclusive reference tool. The purpose of this review is to assess the nutrients with key roles in the wound healing process, and subsequently provide information that enables optimisation of nutrition in wound healing. The goal is to consolidate the complexities associated with this topic into a simple, easy-to-use reference tool. We have identified the most important nutrients required for optimal wound healing and condensed the findings into an inclusive chart to be utilised in a clinical setting. This reference tool will include patient populations at risk of deficiency, the stage of wound healing in which each nutrient is required, delivery method and recommended daily intake, outpatient recommendations for rich food sources of each nutrient, and considerations associated with each nutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Penny
- UPMC Altoona, 1414 9th Ave, Altoona, PA 16602, US
| | | | | | | | - Son Tran
- Temple University, School of Pediatric Medicine 148 N. 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, US
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22
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Vázquez-Lorente H, Molina-López J, Herrera-Quintana L, Gamarra-Morales Y, Quintero-Osso B, López-González B, Planells E. Good antioxidant response of erythrocyte Zn levels after supplementation with Zn in a postmenopausal population. A double-blind randomized trial. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mendes Garrido Abregú F, Caniffi C, Arranz CT, Tomat AL. Impact of Zinc Deficiency During Prenatal and/or Postnatal Life on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: Experimental and Clinical Evidence. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:833-845. [PMID: 35167660 PMCID: PMC9156367 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the latest findings, from animal models and clinical studies, regarding the cardiovascular and metabolic consequences in adult life of zinc deficiency (ZD) during prenatal and early postnatal life. The effect of zinc supplementation (ZS) and new insights about sex differences in the phenotype and severity of cardiovascular and metabolic alterations are also discussed. Zinc has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties and regulates the activity of enzymes involved in regulation of the metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal systems. Maternal ZD is associated with intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight (LBW). Breast-fed preterm infants are at risk of ZD due to lower zinc uptake during fetal life and reduced gut absorption capacity. ZS is most likely to increase growth in preterm infants and survival in LBW infants in countries where ZD is prevalent. Studies performed in rats revealed that moderate ZD during prenatal and/or early postnatal growth is a risk factor for the development of hypertension, cardiovascular and renal alterations, obesity, and diabetes in adult life. An adequate zinc diet during postweaning life does not always prevent the cardiovascular and metabolic alterations induced by zinc restriction during fetal and lactation periods. Male rats are more susceptible to this injury than females, and some of the mechanisms involved include: 1) alterations in organogenesis, 2) activation of oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory processes, 3) dysfunction of nitric oxide and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, 4) changes in glucose and lipid metabolism, and 5) adipose tissue dysfunction. Safeguarding body zinc requirements during pregnancy, lactation, and growth periods could become a new target in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Further research is needed to elucidate the efficacy of ZS during early stages of growth to prevent the development of these diseases later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Mendes Garrido Abregú
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,CONICET, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Caniffi
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,CONICET, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina T Arranz
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,CONICET, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lima JEBF, Moreira NCS, Sakamoto-Hojo ET. Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes: From risk factors to oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, and hyperglycemia. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 874-875:503437. [PMID: 35151421 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex multifactorial disease that emerges from the combination of genetic and environmental factors, and obesity, lifestyle, and aging are the most relevant risk factors. Hyperglycemia is the main metabolic feature of T2D as a consequence of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Among the cellular alterations induced by hyperglycemia, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently oxidative stress, accompanied by a reduced antioxidant response and impaired DNA repair pathways, represent essential mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of T2D and the development of late complications. Mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation are also closely correlated with insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. This review focus on the mechanisms by which oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of T2D, highlighting the importance of the antioxidant response and DNA repair mechanisms counteracting the development of the disease. Moreover, we indicate evidence on how nutritional interventions effectively improve diabetes care. Additionally, we address key molecular characteristics and signaling pathways shared between T2D and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which might probably be implicated in the risk of T2D patients to develop AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E B F Lima
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia C S Moreira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elza T Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Méndez-Morales S, Pérez-De Marco J, Rodríguez-Cortés O, Flores-Mejía R, Martínez-Venegas M, Sánchez-Vera Y, Tamay-Cach F, Lomeli-Gonzaléz J, Emilio Reyes A, Lehman-Mendoza R, Martínez-Arredondo H, Vazquez-Dávila R, Torres-Roldan J, Correa-Basurto J, Arellano-Mendoza M. Diabetic neuropathy: Molecular approach a treatment opportunity. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 143:106954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.106954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Li Y, Li L, Yang W, Yu Z. <sup>1</sup>Effects of zinc deficiency in male mice on glucose metabolism of male offspring. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:369-374. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
| | - LingLing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
| | - Zengli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
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27
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Tsuruoka T, Kodama A, Yamaguchi S, Masutomi T, Koyama A, Murohara T, Komori K, Shibata R. Zinc deficiency impairs ischemia-induced angiogenesis. JVS Vasc Sci 2022; 3:30-40. [PMID: 35128488 PMCID: PMC8792263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Zinc is an important essential trace metal involved in many physiologic functions, and its deficiency can affect the development of multiple organs, including the vasculature. However, clarity is lacking regarding the effects of zinc deficiency in the regulation of angiogenesis. We investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on the revascularization process through animal experiments and examined the relationship between the circulating zinc levels and tissue blood perfusion in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods Zinc-deficient mice and control wild-type mice had undergone surgery to create unilateral hindlimb ischemia. Next, we examined the relationship between the serum zinc levels and skin perfusion pressure (SPP) as an index of tissue blood perfusion in patients with CLTI. A total of 51 patients with CLTI who had been referred for de novo revascularization for CLTI due to arteriosclerosis obliterans at our hospital from May 2012 to March 2016 were enrolled. Results The zinc-deficient mice showed a significant reduction in blood flow recovery rates in the ischemic limb and capillary density in the ischemic adductor muscle fibers compared with the control wild-type mice. The zinc-deficient mice also showed increased reactive oxygen species production after hindlimb ischemia. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitors ameliorated the zinc deficient-induced impairment of revascularization. The serum zinc levels were positively associated with the SPP in the CLTI patients. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed that the serum zinc levels were significantly correlated with the SPP in patients with CLTI. Conclusions Zinc deficiency impaired the rate of ischemia-induced revascularization through enhanced oxidative stress rates, suggesting that nutritional management for zinc sufficiency could be useful in CLTI prevention and treatment. In the present study, we investigated the effects of zinc deficiency on angiogenesis. We found that zinc deficiency impaired the rate of ischemia-induced revascularization through enhanced oxidative stress rates in animal model. In addition, the skin perfusion pressures were positively associated with the serum zinc levels in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Thus, the intake of zinc could be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of ischemic limb disease. Circulating zinc levels could be a useful marker for the assessment of atherosclerosis-based vascular disease such as limb ischemia. Possibly, nutritional improvement by zinc intake could lead to the prevention and treatment of ischemic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tsuruoka
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Kodama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shukuro Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Masutomi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Koyama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Correspondence: Kimihiro Komori, MD, PhD, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Padilla-Martinez F, Wojciechowska G, Szczerbinski L, Kretowski A. Circulating Nucleic Acid-Based Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010295. [PMID: 35008723 PMCID: PMC8745431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a deficiency in how the body regulates glucose. Uncontrolled T2D will result in chronic high blood sugar levels, eventually resulting in T2D complications. These complications, such as kidney, eye, and nerve damage, are even harder to treat. Identifying individuals at high risk of developing T2D and its complications is essential for early prevention and treatment. Numerous studies have been done to identify biomarkers for T2D diagnosis and prognosis. This review focuses on recent T2D biomarker studies based on circulating nucleic acids using different omics technologies: genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics. Omics studies have profiled biomarker candidates from blood, urine, and other non-invasive samples. Despite methodological differences, several candidate biomarkers were reported for the risk and diagnosis of T2D, the prognosis of T2D complications, and pharmacodynamics of T2D treatments. Future studies should be done to validate the findings in larger samples and blood-based biomarkers in non-invasive samples to support the realization of precision medicine for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Padilla-Martinez
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Gladys Wojciechowska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lukasz Szczerbinski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland
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Faghfouri AH, Zarezadeh M, Aghapour B, Izadi A, Rostamkhani H, Majnouni A, Abu-Zaid A, Kord Varkaneh H, Ghoreishi Z, Ostadrahimi A. Clinical efficacy of zinc supplementation in improving antioxidant defense system: A comprehensive systematic review and time-response meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174243. [PMID: 34102185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a contributing factor to many chronic diseases. It has been investigated that zinc (Zn) may enhance the antioxidant defense. The current dose-response and time-response meta-analysis aims to determine the efficacy of Zn supplementation in improving antioxidant defense. Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched systematically up to December 30, 2020. Meta-analysis was performed on human controlled clinical trials using random effects method. To find any source of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed. Trim and fill analysis was used for adjusting the publication bias. To find any non-linear relationship between variables and effect size, dose-response and time-response analyses were performed. Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for evaluating the quality assessment. A total of 23 controlled clinical trials were analyzed. The range of Zn supplementation duration in various studies was within 4-24 weeks. Zn supplementation did not have beneficial effects on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (SMD = -0.34 U/g; 95% CI: -0.93, 0.25; P = 0.258). There were significant increasing effects of Zn supplementation on glutathione (GSH) (SMD = 1.28 μmol/l; 95% CI: 0.42, 2.14; P = 0.003) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (SMD = 1.39 mmol/l; 95% CI: 0.44, 2.35; P = 0.004). Zn had ameliorative effects on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after elimination of publication bias (SMD: 0.84 U/g; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.56, P < 0.05). Zn could also elevate GSH and TAC levels, plus SOD activity after modifying the publication bias. Finally, Zn had no significant effect on GPx activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Baharak Aghapour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helya Rostamkhani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Majnouni
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hamed Kord Varkaneh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Ghoreishi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Fu S, Fu S, Ma X, Yang X, Ling J. miR‑875‑5p regulates IR and inflammation via targeting TXNRD1 in gestational diabetes rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:303. [PMID: 33649852 PMCID: PMC7974266 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious life‑threatening disease that affects the mother and fetus. However, the pathogenesis of GDM is still unclear. microRNAs (miRs) play vital roles in the regulation of various cell functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of miR‑875‑5p and thioredoxin reductase 1 cytoplasmic (TXNRD1) in GDM rats and analyze the associated underlying mechanism. A GDM rat model was induced using an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. miR‑875‑5p knockdown plasmids or TXNRD1 knockdown plasmids were injected into the rats via the caudal vein. miR‑875‑5p and TXNRD1 expression in the serum were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) or western blot (WB) analyses. The fasting blood‑glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein levels were detected by specific commercial kits. The inflammatory response and the induction of oxidative stress were analyzed by assessing the expression of associated markers via WB, RT‑qPCR or commercial kits. The pancreatic and placental injuries were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results indicated that miR‑875‑5p expression levels were downregulated, whereas TXNRD1 levels were upregulated in GDM rats compared with normal pregnancy rats. miR‑875‑5p significantly regulated TXNRD1 expression in GDM rats. miR‑875‑5p silencing notably reduced FBG and insulin resistance, which was accompanied by reduced expression levels of blood lipid and pro‑inflammatory markers as well as reduced oxidative stress. However, the effects of miR‑875‑5p could be reversed by TXNRD1 silencing. Therefore, the present study indicated that miR‑875‑5p regulated IR and inflammation by targeting TXNRD1 in GDM rats. miR‑875‑5p and TXNRD1 may be considered as potential targets for treating GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Songquan Fu
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoni Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jizu Ling
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Mazaheri M, Aghdam AM, Heidari M, Zarrin R. Assessing the Effect of Zinc Supplementation on the Frequency of Migraine Attack, Duration, Severity, Lipid Profile and hs-CRP in Adult Women. Clin Nutr Res 2021; 10:127-139. [PMID: 33987139 PMCID: PMC8093090 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2021.10.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a widespread incapacitating neurologic disorder with debilitating headaches which are usually throbbing due to inefficacy and several side effects, complementary therapies recommended as possible alternatives. The current randomized controlled trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of zinc gluconate supplementation on migraine-related symptoms, serum level of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipid profile in migraineurs. Present study was designed as randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sixty women with migraine (mean age of 35.44 ± 7.42 years) were randomly allocated to obtain 15 mg per day of zinc gluconate or placebo for 12 weeks. Frequency, periods of headaches and severity of migraine based on numerical rating scale questionnaire and migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) test were checked. Fasting serum level of lipid profile and hs-CRP were assessed at the beginning and the end of trial. Zinc gluconate supplementation significantly reduced the frequency (p = 0.001), periods of migraine attacks (p < 0.001) and severity of migraine and MIDAS (p < 0.001) compared with control group. The serum level of low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001) and hs-CRP (p < 0.001) decreased following zinc supplementation, but no significant differences in serum level of triglycerides (p = 0.1) and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.3) was observed. However, after adjustment for baseline values using analysis of covariance test, none of lipid profile components and hs-CRP showed a significant difference. Zinc supplementation has beneficial effect on the migraine related complications like its severity, frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Mazaheri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 32770-397, Iran
| | - Arash Mosarrezaii Aghdam
- Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 33469-935, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 33469-935, Iran
| | - Rasoul Zarrin
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 32770-397, Iran
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Pompano LM, Boy E. Effects of Dose and Duration of Zinc Interventions on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:141-160. [PMID: 32722790 PMCID: PMC7850144 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
No meta-analysis has examined the effect of dose and duration of zinc interventions on their impact on risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) or cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed first to compare the effects of zinc interventions dichotomized as low versus high dose (<25 mg/d and ≥25 mg/d, respectively) and short versus long duration (<12 wk and ≥12 wk, respectively) on risk factors for T2D and CVD. Second, it discusses the results from the low-dose and long-duration meta-analyses as a foundation for understanding what impact a zinc-biofortification intervention could have on these risk factors. The PubMed and Cochrane Review databases were searched through January 2020 for full-text, human studies providing zinc supplements (alone) at doses ≤75 mg/d and a placebo. Data on study and sample characteristics and several T2D and CVD risk factors were extracted. There were 1042 and 974 participants receiving zinc and placebo, respectively, from 27 studies. Low-dose zinc supplementation (<25 mg/d) significantly benefited fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. High-dose zinc supplementation (≥25 mg/d) benefited glycated hemoglobin and insulin resistance. Short-duration interventions (<12 wk) benefited fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and triglycerides, while long-duration studies (≥12 wk) benefited fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and total and LDL cholesterol. Effect sizes for low-dose and long-duration interventions were of equal or greater magnitude to those from high-dose or short-duration interventions. Low-dose and long-duration zinc supplementation each improved more risk factors for T2D and CVD than high-dose and short-duration interventions, respectively. It is currently unknown whether low doses of zinc delivered over long durations via a biofortified crop would similarly impact these risk factors. However, this review suggests that low-dose, long-duration zinc intake from supplements, and potentially biofortification, can benefit risk factors for T2D and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pompano
- HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erick Boy
- HarvestPlus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Fathi M, Alavinejad P, Haidari Z, Amani R. The effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic profile and oxidative stress in overweight/obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126635. [PMID: 32932174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates the positive effects of zinc on insulin resistance and oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome or diabetes. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main hepatic manifestation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The present study is the first clinical trial that evaluated the effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic and oxidative stress status in overweight/obese patients with NAFLD undergoing calorie- restriction diet. METHODS Fifty six overweight/obese patients with confirmed mild to moderate NAFLD using ultrasonography were randomly allocated to receive 30 mg elemental zinc supplement (n = 29) or placebo (n = 27) along with weight loss diet for 12 weeks. Serum levels of zinc, homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, serum superoxide dismutas1 (SOD1) and malondialdhyde (MDA) levels were assessed. RESULTS Serum levels of insulin, SOD1, MDA and HOMA-IR were improved in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Within group comparison showed significant reduction in serum FBS, HbA1C, TC, LDL-c and TG in the treatment group. CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation for three months improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress status in overweight/obese NAFLD patients with no beneficial effects on lipid profiles over weight loss diet. Registration ID in IRCT (IRCT NO: 20181005041238N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Fathi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pezhman Alavinejad
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Imam Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Haidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Zhang H, Cai L. Zinc homeostasis plays an important role in the prevention of obesity-induced cardiac inflammation, remodeling and dysfunction. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126615. [PMID: 32683230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity often leads to cardiovascular diseases, such as obesity-related cardiac hypertrophy (ORCH), due to chronic cardiac inflammation. Zinc is structurally and functionally essential for many transcription factors, therefore it not only has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress functions, but also has insulin-like function, however, its role in the development of obesity-associated cardiac pathogenesis and the potentially underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the available evidence on the role of zinc homeostasis in the prevention of ORCH. It was recently reported that when four-week old mice were fed either high fat diet (HFD) or normal diet containing deficient, adequate or supplemented zinc, HFD induced obesity and ORCH along with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and increased expression of B-cell lymphoma/ leukemia 10 (BCL10) and caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9). These effects were further aggravated by zinc deficiency and significantly alleviated by zinc supplementation. Mechanistically administration of a p38 MAPK specific inhibitor in HFD-fed mice for 3 months did not affect HFD-induced obesity and increased expression of BCL10 and CARD9, but completely abolished HFD/obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation. In cultured cardiomyocytes, inhibition of BCL10 expression by siRNA prevented palmitate-induced increased p38 MAPK activation and atrial natriuretic peptide expression. Deletion of metallothionein abolished the protective effect of zinc on palmitate-induced up-regulation of BCL10 and phospho-p38 MAPK. Taken together with other recent studies, we concluded that HFD and zinc deficiency synergistically induce ORCH by increasing oxidative stress-mediated activation of BCL10/CARD9/p38 MAPK signaling. Zinc supplementation ameliorates ORCH through activation of metallothionein to repress oxidative stress-activated BCL10 expression and p38 MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haina Zhang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatric, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Center of Cardiovascular Disorders, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatric, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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HESA-A Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis in NAFLD Rat Model Through the Suppression of SREBP-1c and NF-kβ. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Asbaghi O, Sadeghian M, Fouladvand F, Panahande B, Nasiri M, Khodadost M, Shokri A, Pirouzi A, Sadeghi O. Effects of zinc supplementation on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1260-1271. [PMID: 32451277 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Findings on the effects of zinc supplementation on the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conflicting. The current comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence in this regard. METHODS AND RESULTS After a systematic search in the online databases, we included the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of zinc supplementation on lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG)] in patients with T2DM. Altogether, 9 studies with a total sample size of 424 patients with T2DM were included in the analysis. Combining 9 effect sizes from 9 RCTs, we found a significant lowering effect of zinc supplementation on serum levels of TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -17.08, 95% CI: -30.59, -3.58 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and TC (WMD: -26.16, 95% CI: -49.69, -2.62 mg/dL, P = 0.02). Although the overall effect of zinc supplementation on LDL-C levels was not significant, a beneficial effect was seen in studies that administered <100 mg/d zinc. Based on the non-linear dose-response analysis, a greater reduction in serum levels of TC and LDL-C following zinc supplementation was seen at <12 weeks' duration of intervention. Unlike the overall effect size, we found a significant increasing effect of zinc supplementation on serum HDL-C concentrations in most subgroups of RCTs according to the subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION We found that zinc supplementation may beneficially influence lipid profile in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran; Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Sadeghian
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Fouladvand
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Bahman Panahande
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morteza Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Khodadost
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azad Shokri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | | | - Omid Sadeghi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chasapis CT, Ntoupa PSA, Spiliopoulou CA, Stefanidou ME. Recent aspects of the effects of zinc on human health. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1443-1460. [PMID: 32394086 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02702-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is one of the most important essential nutrients of great public health significance. It is involved in numerous biological functions and it is considered as a multipurpose trace element, due to its capacity to bind to more than 300 enzymes and more than 2000 transcriptional factors. Its role in biochemical pathways and cellular functions, such as the response to oxidative stress, homeostasis, immune responses, DNA replication, DNA damage repair, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and aging is significant. Zn is required for the synthesis of protein and collagen, thus contributing to wound healing and a healthy skin. Metallothioneins are metal-binding proteins and they are potent scavengers of heavy metals, including Zn, and protect the organism against stress. Zn deficiency is observed almost in 17% of the global population and affects many organ systems, leading to dysfunction of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, thus increasing the susceptibility to infection. This review gives a thorough insight into the most recent evidence on the association between Zn biochemistry and human pathologies, epigenetic processes, gut microbial composition, drug targets and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos T Chasapis
- NMR Center, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Panagoula-Stamatina A Ntoupa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias Street, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Chara A Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias Street, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria E Stefanidou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, Mikras Asias Street, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
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Squitti R, Negrouk V, Perera M, Llabre MM, Ricordi C, Rongioletti MCA, Mendez AJ. Serum copper profile in patients with type 1 diabetes in comparison to other metals. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 56:156-161. [PMID: 31472477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition in which the pancreas loses the ability to produce insulin due to an autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Pathophysiological complications related to diabetes include micro and macrovascular disease, nephropathy, and neuropathy that can also be affected by environmental factors such as lifestyle and diet. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of total copper, the copper-carrying protein, ceruloplasmin and nonceruloplasmin bound copper (nonceruloplasmin-Cu) and other essential and environmental metals and metalloids in subjects with T1D compared with healthy controls. METHODS A cohort of 63 subjects with T1D attending Diabetes Clinics at the University of Miami and 65 healthy control subjects was studied. Metals and metalloids were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS A main finding of this study was that total copper and ceruloplasmin levels were higher in persons with T1D compared to healthy controls. In comparison to other metals and clinical variables, elevated copper was the strongest factor associated with T1D resulting in a15-fold increased odds of having the disease per standard deviation increase. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a metal and metalloid perturbation in T1D with a significant involvement of Copper dysfunction in the disease pathology, possibly linked to inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Valentine Negrouk
- IGEA Research, 2600 SW 3rd Avenue, Suite 350, Miami, FL 33129, United States
| | - Marisa Perera
- Psychology Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Psychology Department, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute and Department of Surgery, Cell Transplant Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, 'San Giovanni Calibita', Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Armando J Mendez
- Diabetes Research Institute and the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
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Nakamura H, Sekiguchi A, Ogawa Y, Kawamura T, Akai R, Iwawaki T, Makiguchi T, Yokoo S, Ishikawa O, Motegi SI. Zinc deficiency exacerbates pressure ulcers by increasing oxidative stress and ATP in the skin. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 95:62-69. [PMID: 31327530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc deficiency is believed to be a predisposing factor for the development and intractable healing of pressure ulcers (PUs); however, the mechanisms of this association have not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE Objective was to elucidate the mechanisms of the formation of severe and prolonged PUs under the zinc deficiency condition. METHODS We assessed PUs formation after cutaneous ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice fed with a zinc-adequate (ZA) or a zinc-deficient (ZD) diet from 2 weeks before I/R injury. Wound size, vascular damage, apoptotic cells, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) amount, and the number of Langerhans cells (LCs) in I/R area were analyzed. We evaluated the extent of oxidative stress in I/R area in OKD48 mice through bioluminescence detection. RESULTS We found that dietary zinc deficiency caused the formation of severe and prolonged PUs in mice. Zinc deficiency increased the vascular disorder, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by cutaneous I/R injury. I/R injury-induced oxidative stress signals were significantly higher in ZD OKD48 mice than in ZA OKD48 mice. Additionally, zinc deficiency reduced the number of LCs and increased the amount of ATP in cutaneous I/R-injured skin. Oral supplementation of zinc improved zinc deficiency-associated PUs. CONCLUSION Zinc deficiency might increase cutaneous I/R injury-induced vascular damages, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, as well as ATP amount in I/R area due to the loss of LCs. These mechanisms might partly account for zinc deficiency-induced formation of severe and prolonged PUs. Oral supplementation of zinc might be a reasonable therapeutic choice for patients with PUs and zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akiko Sekiguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Youichi Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Kawamura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Akai
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takaya Makiguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
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