1
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Frame AK, Sinka JL, Courchesne M, Muhammad RA, Grahovac-Nemeth S, Bernards MA, Bartha R, Cumming RC. Altered neuronal lactate dehydrogenase A expression affects cognition in a sex- and age-dependent manner. iScience 2024; 27:110342. [PMID: 39055955 PMCID: PMC11269950 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) model posits that astrocyte-generated lactate is transported to neurons to fuel memory processes. However, neurons express high levels of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), the rate-limiting enzyme of lactate production, suggesting a cognitive role for neuronally generated lactate. It was hypothesized that lactate metabolism in neurons is critical for learning and memory. Here transgenic mice were generated to conditionally induce or knockout (KO) the Ldha gene in CNS neurons of adult mice. High pattern separation memory was enhanced by neuronal Ldha induction in young females, and by neuronal Ldha KO in aged females. In older mice, Ldha induction caused cognitive deficits whereas Ldha KO caused cognitive improvements. Genotype-associated cognitive changes were often only observed in one sex or oppositely in males and females. Thus, neuronal-generated lactate has sex-specific cognitive effects, is largely indispensable at young age, and may be detrimental to learning and memory with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel K. Frame
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jessica L. Sinka
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Marc Courchesne
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | | | | | - Mark A. Bernards
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Robert C. Cumming
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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2
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Gong W, Lu L, Ma H, Shan M, Fan X, Bai M, Zhang Y, Huang S, Jia Z, Zhang A. DY131 activates ERRγ/TFAM axis to protect against metabolic disorders and acute kidney injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:777-795. [PMID: 38860674 DOI: 10.1042/cs20240242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Renal tubular injury is considered as the main pathological feature of acute kidney injury (AKI), and mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubular cells is implicated in the pathogenesis of AKI. The estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a member of orphan nuclear receptors which plays a regulatory role in mitochondrial biosynthesis, energy metabolism and many metabolic pathways. Online datasets showed a dominant expression of ERRγ in renal tubules, but the role of ERRγ in AKI is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of ERRγ in the pathogenesis of AKI and the therapeutic efficacy of ERRγ agonist DY131 in several murine models of AKI. ERRγ expression was reduced in kidneys of AKI patients and AKI murine models along with a negative correlation to the severity of AKI. Consistently, silencing ERRγ in vitro enhanced cisplatin-induced tubular cells apoptosis, while ERRγ overexpression in vivo utilizing hydrodynamic-based tail vein plasmid delivery approach alleviated cisplatin-induced AKI. ERRγ agonist DY131 could enhance the transcriptional activity of ERRγ and ameliorate AKI in various murine models. Moreover, DY131 attenuated the mitochondrial dysfunction of renal tubular cells and metabolic disorders of kidneys in AKI, and promoted the expression of the mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM). Further investigation showed that TFAM could be a target gene of ERRγ and DY131 might ameliorate AKI by enhancing ERRγ-mediated TFAM expression protecting mitochondria. These findings highlighted the protective effect of DY131 on AKI, thus providing a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyang Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingfeng Shan
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinwen Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Hu P, Rychik J, Zhao J, Bai H, Bauer A, Yu W, Rand EB, Dodds KM, Goldberg DJ, Tan K, Wilkins BJ, Pei L. Single-cell multiomics guided mechanistic understanding of Fontan-associated liver disease. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadk6213. [PMID: 38657025 PMCID: PMC11103255 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adk6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The Fontan operation is the current standard of care for single-ventricle congenital heart disease. Individuals with a Fontan circulation (FC) exhibit central venous hypertension and face life-threatening complications of hepatic fibrosis, known as Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD). The fundamental biology and mechanisms of FALD are little understood. Here, we generated a transcriptomic and epigenomic atlas of human FALD at single-cell resolution using multiomic snRNA-ATAC-seq. We found profound cell type-specific transcriptomic and epigenomic changes in FC livers. Central hepatocytes (cHep) exhibited the most substantial changes, featuring profound metabolic reprogramming. These cHep changes preceded substantial activation of hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis, suggesting cHep as a potential first "responder" in the pathogenesis of FALD. We also identified a network of ligand-receptor pairs that transmit signals from cHep to hepatic stellate cells, which may promote their activation and liver fibrosis. We further experimentally demonstrated that activins A and B promote fibrotic activation in vitro and identified mechanisms of activin A's transcriptional activation in FALD. Together, our single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic atlas revealed mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of FALD and may aid identification of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Hu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jack Rychik
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Huajun Bai
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aidan Bauer
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenbao Yu
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth B. Rand
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Dodds
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- School of Nursing, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David J. Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kai Tan
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Wilkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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4
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Sakamoto T, Kelly DP. Cardiac maturation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 187:38-50. [PMID: 38160640 PMCID: PMC10923079 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The heart undergoes a dynamic maturation process following birth, in response to a wide range of stimuli, including both physiological and pathological cues. This process entails substantial re-programming of mitochondrial energy metabolism coincident with the emergence of specialized structural and contractile machinery to meet the demands of the adult heart. Many components of this program revert to a more "fetal" format during development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. In this review, emphasis is placed on recent progress in our understanding of the transcriptional control of cardiac maturation, encompassing the results of studies spanning from in vivo models to cardiomyocytes derived from human stem cells. The potential applications of this current state of knowledge to new translational avenues aimed at the treatment of heart failure is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sakamoto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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5
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Sato K, Takayama KI, Inoue S. Expression and function of estrogen receptors and estrogen-related receptors in the brain and their association with Alzheimer's disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220150. [PMID: 37469978 PMCID: PMC10352578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
While estrogens are well known for their pivotal role in the female reproductive system, they also play a crucial function in regulating physiological processes associated with learning and memory in the brain. Moreover, they have neuroprotective effects in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Importantly, AD has a higher incidence in older and postmenopausal women than in men, and estrogen treatment might reduce the risk of AD in these women. In general, estrogens bind to and activate estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated transcriptional machineries, and also stimulate signal transduction through membrane ERs (mERs). Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), which share homologous sequences with ERs but lack estrogen-binding capabilities, are widely and highly expressed in the human brain and have also been implicated in AD pathogenesis. In this review, we primarily provide a summary of ER and ERR expression patterns in the human brain. In addition, we summarize recent studies on their role in learning and memory. We then review and discuss research that has elucidated the functions and importance of ERs and ERRs in AD pathogenesis, including their role in Aβ clearance and the reduction of phosphorylated tau levels. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying ER- and ERR-mediated transcriptional machineries and their functions in healthy and diseased brains would provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of AD. Furthermore, exploring the potential role of estrogens and their receptors, ERs, in AD will facilitate a better understanding of the sex differences observed in AD, and lead to novel sex-specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Sato
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia (IRIDE), TMIG, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Guo Y, Hu Y, Huang Y, Huang L, Kanamaru H, Takemoto Y, Li H, Li D, Gu J, Zhang JH. Role of Estrogen-Related Receptor γ and PGC-1α/SIRT3 Pathway in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:822-837. [PMID: 36481985 PMCID: PMC10275823 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) were shown to play an important role in the regulation of free radical-mediated pathology. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of ERRγ activation against early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the potential underlying mechanisms. In a rat model of SAH, the time course of ERRs and SIRT3 and the effects of ERRγ activation were investigated. ERRγ agonist DY131, selective inhibitor GSK5182, or SIRT3 selective inhibitor 3-TYP were administered intracerebroventricularly (icv) in the rat model of SAH. The use of 3-TYP was for validating SIRT3 as the downstream signaling of ERRγ activation. Post-SAH assessments included SAH grade, neurological score, Western blot, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence staining in rats. In an vitro study, the ERRγ agonist DY131 and ERRγ siRNA were administered to primary cortical neurons stimulated by Hb, after which cell viability and neuronal deaths were accessed. Lastly, the brain ERRγ levels and neuronal death were accessed in SAH patients. We found that brain ERRγ expressions were significantly increased, but the expression of SIRT3 dramatically decreased after SAH in rats. In the brains of SAH rats, ERRγ was expressed primarily in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. The activation of ERRγ with DY131 significantly improved the short-term and long-term neurological deficits, accompanied by reductions in oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis at 24 h after SAH in rats. DY131 treatment significantly increased the expressions of PGC-1α, SIRT3, and Bcl-2 while downregulating the expressions of 4-HNE and Bax. ERRγ antagonist GSK5182 and SIRT3 inhibitor 3-TYP abolished the neuroprotective effects of ERRγ activation in the SAH rats. An in vitro study showed that Hb stimulation significantly increased intracellular oxidative stress in primary cortical neurons, and DY131 reduced such elevations. Primary cortical neurons transfected with the ERRγ siRNA exhibited notable apoptosis and abolished the protective effect of DY131. The examination of SAH patients' brain samples revealed increases in ERRγ expressions and neuronal apoptosis marker CC3. We concluded that ERRγ activation with DY131 ameliorated oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis after the experimental SAH. The effects were, at least in part, through the ERRγ/PGC-1α/SIRT3 signaling pathway. ERRγ may serve as a novel therapeutic target to ameliorate EBI after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Yongmei Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
- Department of Nursing, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Hideki Kanamaru
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Yushin Takemoto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Dujuan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Jianjun Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, (People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA.
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7
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Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 PMCID: PMC9440900 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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8
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Field MG, Kuznetsoff JN, Zhang MG, Dollar JJ, Durante MA, Sayegh Y, Decatur CL, Kurtenbach S, Pelaez D, Harbour JW. RB1 loss triggers dependence on ESRRG in retinoblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm8466. [PMID: 35984874 PMCID: PMC9390996 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm8466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a deadly childhood eye cancer that is classically initiated by inactivation of the RB1 tumor suppressor. Clinical management continues to rely on nonspecific chemotherapeutic agents that are associated with treatment resistance and toxicity. Here, we analyzed 103 whole exomes, 20 whole transcriptomes, 5 single-cell transcriptomes, and 4 whole genomes from primary Rb tumors to identify previously unknown Rb dependencies. Several recurrent genomic aberrations implicate estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG) in Rb pathogenesis. RB1 directly interacts with and inhibits ESRRG, and RB1 loss uncouples ESRRG from negative regulation. ESRRG regulates genes involved in retinogenesis and oxygen metabolism in Rb cells. ESRRG is preferentially expressed in hypoxic Rb cells in vivo. Depletion or inhibition of ESRRG causes marked Rb cell death, which is exacerbated in hypoxia. These findings reveal a previously unidentified dependency of Rb cells on ESRRG, and they implicate ESRRG as a potential therapeutic vulnerability in Rb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Field
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jeffim N. Kuznetsoff
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michelle G. Zhang
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - James J. Dollar
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michael A. Durante
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yoseph Sayegh
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Christina L. Decatur
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Stefan Kurtenbach
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J. William Harbour
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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9
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Fox SN, McMeekin LJ, Savage CH, Joyce KL, Boas SM, Simmons MS, Farmer CB, Ryan J, Pereboeva L, Becker K, Auwerx J, Sudarshan S, Ma J, Lee A, Roberts RC, Crossman DK, Kralli A, Cowell RM. Estrogen-related receptor gamma regulates mitochondrial and synaptic genes and modulates vulnerability to synucleinopathy. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:106. [PMID: 35982091 PMCID: PMC9388660 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a key contributor to cell loss in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous analyses of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons from patients with Lewy-body pathology revealed a deficiency in nuclear-encoded genes for mitochondrial respiration, many of which are targets for the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg/ERRγ). We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. While ERRγ deletion did not fully recapitulate the transcriptional alterations observed in postmortem tissue, it caused reductions in genes involved in synaptic and mitochondrial function and autophagy. Altogether, these experiments suggest that ERRγ-deficient mice could provide a model for understanding the regulation of transcription in DAergic neurons and that amplifying ERRγ-mediated transcriptional programs should be considered as a strategy to promote DAergic maintenance in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Fox
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - L J McMeekin
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - C H Savage
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - K L Joyce
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - S M Boas
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - M S Simmons
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - C B Farmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - J Ryan
- NeuroInitiative, LLC, Jacksonville, FL, 32207, USA
| | - L Pereboeva
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease, Neuroscience Vector and Virus Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35223, USA
| | - K Becker
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - J Auwerx
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Sudarshan
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - J Ma
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - A Lee
- NeuroInitiative, LLC, Jacksonville, FL, 32207, USA
| | - R C Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - D K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - A Kralli
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - R M Cowell
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA.
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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10
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Choi J, Oh TG, Jung H, Park KY, Shin H, Jo T, Kang DS, Chanda D, Hong S, Kim J, Hwang H, Ji M, Jung M, Takashihoji, Matsushima A, Kim P, Mun JY, Paik MJ, Cho SJ, Lee IK, Whitcomb DC, Greer P, Blobner B, Goodarzi MO, Pandol SJ, Rotter JI, Fan W, Bapat SP, Zheng Y, Liddle C, Yu RT, Atkins AR, Downes M, Yoshihara E, Evans RM, Suh JM. Estrogen-Related Receptor γ Maintains Pancreatic Acinar Cell Function and Identity by Regulating Cellular Metabolism. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:239-256. [PMID: 35461826 PMCID: PMC9233018 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondrial dysfunction disrupts the synthesis and secretion of digestive enzymes in pancreatic acinar cells and plays a primary role in the etiology of exocrine pancreas disorders. However, the transcriptional mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial function to support acinar cell physiology are poorly understood. Here, we aim to elucidate the function of estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) in pancreatic acinar cell mitochondrial homeostasis and energy production. METHODS Two models of ERRγ inhibition, GSK5182-treated wild-type mice and ERRγ conditional knock-out (cKO) mice, were established to investigate ERRγ function in the exocrine pancreas. To identify the functional role of ERRγ in pancreatic acinar cells, we performed histologic and transcriptome analysis with the pancreas isolated from ERRγ cKO mice. To determine the relevance of these findings for human disease, we analyzed transcriptome data from multiple independent human cohorts and conducted genetic association studies for ESRRG variants in 2 distinct human pancreatitis cohorts. RESULTS Blocking ERRγ function in mice by genetic deletion or inverse agonist treatment results in striking pancreatitis-like phenotypes accompanied by inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death. Mechanistically, loss of ERRγ in primary acini abrogates messenger RNA expression and protein levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex genes, resulting in defective acinar cell energetics. Mitochondrial dysfunction due to ERRγ deletion further triggers autophagy dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and production of reactive oxygen species, ultimately leading to cell death. Interestingly, ERRγ-deficient acinar cells that escape cell death acquire ductal cell characteristics, indicating a role for ERRγ in acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. Consistent with our findings in ERRγ cKO mice, ERRγ expression was significantly reduced in patients with chronic pancreatitis compared with normal subjects. Furthermore, candidate locus region genetic association studies revealed multiple single nucleotide variants for ERRγ that are associated with chronic pancreatitis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings highlight an essential role for ERRγ in maintaining the transcriptional program that supports acinar cell mitochondrial function and organellar homeostasis and provide a novel molecular link between ERRγ and exocrine pancreas disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyuk Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Oh
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Heewon Jung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Jo
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Seock Kang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea,Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujung Hong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Hwang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Moongi Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyo Jung
- Department of Neural Circuits Research, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Takashihoji
- Department of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ayami Matsushima
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Neural Circuits Research, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea,Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - David C. Whitcomb
- Ariel Precision Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Physiology and the Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Phil Greer
- Ariel Precision Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Brandon Blobner
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA,Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA USA,Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Weiwei Fan
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sagar P. Bapat
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Diabetes Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA,Nomis Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ye Zheng
- Nomis Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chris Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ruth T. Yu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Annette R. Atkins
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eiji Yoshihara
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California; David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Ronald M. Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Scholtes C, Giguère V. Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:750-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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The nuclear receptor ERR cooperates with the cardiogenic factor GATA4 to orchestrate cardiomyocyte maturation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1991. [PMID: 35418170 PMCID: PMC9008061 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptors (ERR) α and γ were shown recently to serve as regulators of cardiac maturation, yet the underlying mechanisms have not been delineated. Herein, we find that ERR signaling is necessary for induction of genes involved in mitochondrial and cardiac-specific contractile processes during human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) differentiation. Genomic interrogation studies demonstrate that ERRγ occupies many cardiomyocyte enhancers/super-enhancers, often co-localizing with the cardiogenic factor GATA4. ERRγ interacts with GATA4 to cooperatively activate transcription of targets involved in cardiomyocyte-specific processes such as contractile function, whereas ERRγ-mediated control of metabolic genes occurs independent of GATA4. Both mechanisms require the transcriptional coregulator PGC-1α. A disease-causing GATA4 mutation is shown to diminish PGC-1α/ERR/GATA4 cooperativity and expression of ERR target genes are downregulated in human heart failure samples suggesting that dysregulation of this circuitry may contribute to congenital and acquired forms of heart failure. Mature cardiac muscle requires high mitochondrial ATP production and specialized contractile proteins. Here the authors demonstrate that cardiomyocyte-specific contractile maturation involves cooperation between the nuclear receptor ERRγ and cardiogenic transcription factor GATA4, but ERRγ controls metabolic genes independently.
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13
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McMeekin LJ, Joyce KL, Jenkins LM, Bohannon BM, Patel KD, Bohannon AS, Patel A, Fox SN, Simmons MS, Day JJ, Kralli A, Crossman DK, Cowell RM. Estrogen-related Receptor Alpha (ERRα) is Required for PGC-1α-dependent Gene Expression in the Mouse Brain. Neuroscience 2021; 479:70-90. [PMID: 34648866 PMCID: PMC9124582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha. (PGC-1α) expression or function is implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. PGC-1α is required for the expression of genes involved in synchronous neurotransmitter release, axonal integrity, and metabolism, especially in parvalbumin-positive interneurons. As a transcriptional coactivator, PGC-1α requires transcription factors to specify cell-type-specific gene programs; while much is known about these factors in peripheral tissues, it is unclear if PGC-1α utilizes these same factors in neurons. Here, we identified putative transcription factors controlling PGC-1α-dependent gene expression in the brain using bioinformatics and then validated the role of the top candidate in a knockout mouse model. We transcriptionally profiled cells overexpressing PGC-1α and searched for over-represented binding motifs in the promoters of upregulated genes. Binding sites of the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family of transcription factors were enriched, and blockade of ERRα attenuated PGC-1α-mediated induction of mitochondrial and synaptic genes in cell culture. Localization in the mouse brain revealed enrichment of ERRα expression in parvalbumin-expressing neurons with tight correlation of expression with PGC-1α across brain regions. In ERRα null mice, PGC-1α-dependent genes were reduced in multiple regions, including neocortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, though not to the extent observed in PGC-1α null mice. Behavioral assessment revealed ambulatory hyperactivity in response to amphetamine and impairments in sensorimotor gating without the overt motor impairment characteristic of PGC-1α null mice. These data suggest that ERRα is required for normal levels of expression of PGC-1α-dependent genes in neurons but that additional factors may be involved in their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J McMeekin
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - K L Joyce
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - L M Jenkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - B M Bohannon
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - K D Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - A S Bohannon
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - A Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - S N Fox
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - M S Simmons
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - J J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - A Kralli
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - D K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - R M Cowell
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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14
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Molecular dynamics of estrogen-related receptors and their regulatory proteins: roles in transcriptional control for endocrine and metabolic signaling. Anat Sci Int 2021; 97:15-29. [PMID: 34609710 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-021-00634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily and has three subtypes α, β, and γ. Despite their strong homology with estrogen receptor (ER) α, ERRs cannot accommodate endogenous hormones. However, they are able to regulate gene expression without ligand binding. ERRα and ERRγ orchestrate the expression of genes involved in bioenergetic pathways, while ERRβ controls placental development and stem cell maintenance. Evidence from recent studies, including clinical research, has also demonstrated close associations of ERRs with the pathophysiology of hormone-related cancers and metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review summarizes the basic knowledge and recent advances in ERRs and their associated proteins, focusing on the subcellular dynamics involved in transcriptional regulation. Fluorescent protein labeling enabled monitoring of ERRs in living cells and revealed previously unrecognized characteristics. Using this technique, we demonstrated a role of ERRβ in controlling estrogen signaling by regulating the subnuclear dynamics of ligand-activated ERα. Visualization of ERRs and related proteins and subsequent analyses also revealed a function of ERRγ in promoting liver lactate metabolism in association with LRPGC1, a recently identified lactic acid-responsive protein. These findings suggest that ERRs activate unique transregulation mechanisms in response to extracellular stimuli such as hormones and metabolic signals, implying an adaptive system behind the cellular homeostatic regulation by orphan NRs. Control of subcellular ERR dynamics will contribute toward the development of therapeutic approaches to treat various diseases including hormone-related cancers and metabolic disorders associated with abnormal ERR signaling pathways.
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15
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Li W, Gong M, Park YP, Elshikha AS, Choi SC, Brown J, Kanda N, Yeh WI, Peters L, Titov AA, Teng X, Brusko TM, Morel L. Lupus susceptibility gene Esrrg modulates regulatory T cells through mitochondrial metabolism. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e143540. [PMID: 34156979 PMCID: PMC8410062 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor γ (Esrrg) is a murine lupus susceptibility gene associated with T cell activation. Here, we report that Esrrg controls Tregs through mitochondria homeostasis. Esrrg deficiency impaired the maintenance and function of Tregs, leading to global T cell activation and autoimmunity in aged mice. Further, Esrrg-deficient Tregs presented an impaired differentiation into follicular Tregs that enhanced follicular helper T cells' responses. Mechanistically, Esrrg-deficient Tregs presented with dysregulated mitochondria with decreased oxygen consumption as well as ATP and NAD+ production. In addition, Esrrg-deficient Tregs exhibited decreased phosphatidylinositol and TGF-β signaling pathways and increased mTOR complex 1 activation. We found that the expression of human ESRRG, which is high in Tregs, was lower in CD4+ T cells from patients with lupus than in healthy controls. Finally, knocking down ESRRG in Jurkat T cells decreased their metabolism. Together, our results reveal a critical role of Esrrg in the maintenance and metabolism of Tregs, which may provide a genetic link between lupus pathogenesis and mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Minghao Gong
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yuk Pheel Park
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ahmed S Elshikha
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Josephine Brown
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nathalie Kanda
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wen-I Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Leeana Peters
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anton A Titov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Xiangyu Teng
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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16
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Ma H, Liu J, Du Y, Zhang S, Cao W, Jia Z, Gong W, Zhang A. Estrogen-Related Receptor γ Agonist DY131 Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:626166. [PMID: 33967760 PMCID: PMC8104008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.626166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated liver dysfunction remains a challenge in clinical practice with high mortality and limited specific therapies. DY131 is a pharmacological agonist of the orphan receptor estrogen-related receptor (ERR) γ which plays a crucial role in regulating energy generation, oxidative metabolism, cell apoptosis, inflammatory responses, etc. However, its role in acute liver injury is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of DY131 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. Mice were pretreated with DY131 through intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 3 days prior to LPS challenge (10 mg/kg). 24 h later, they were anesthetized and sacrificed. Blood and liver tissues were collected for further studies. In a separate experiment, mice were treated with saline (vehicle) or DY131 for 3 days to evaluate the toxicity of DY131. We found that ERRγ was downregulated in the liver tissues from LPS-treated mice. Pretreatment with DY131 ameliorated LPS-induced liver injury as demonstrated by reduced liver enzyme release (ALT, AST, and LDH), improved liver morphological damage, and attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Meanwhile, DY131 had no significant side effects on hepatic and renal functions in mice. Finally, transcriptomics analysis revealed that the dysregulated pathways associated with inflammation and metabolism were significantly reversed by DY131 in LPS-treated mice, providing more evidence in favor of the protective effect of DY131 against LPS-induced liver injury. Altogether, these findings highlighted the protective effect of DY131 on LPS-induced hepatotoxicity possibly via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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ERRγ ligand HPB2 upregulates BDNF-TrkB and enhances dopaminergic neuronal phenotype. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105423. [PMID: 33434621 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes maturation of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the midbrain and positively regulates their maintenance and outgrowth. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms regulating the BDNF signaling pathway in DAergic neurons may help discover potential therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological disorders associated with dysregulation of DAergic neurotransmission. Because estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) is highly expressed in both the fetal nervous system and adult brains during DAergic neuronal differentiation, and it is involved in regulating the DAergic neuronal phenotype, we asked in this study whether ERRγ ligand regulates BDNF signaling and subsequent DAergic neuronal phenotype. Based on the X-ray crystal structures of the ligand binding domain of ERRγ, we designed and synthesized the ERRγ agonist, (E)-4-hydroxy-N'-(4-(phenylethynyl)benzylidene)benzohydrazide (HPB2) (Kd value, 8.35 μmol/L). HPB2 increased BDNF mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced the expression of the BDNF receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, differentiated Lund human mesencephalic (LUHMES) cells, and primary ventral mesencephalic (VM) neurons. HPB2-induced upregulation of BDNF was attenuated by GSK5182, an antagonist of ERRγ, and siRNA-mediated ERRγ silencing. HPB2-induced activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) was responsible for BDNF upregulation in SH-SY5Y cells. HPB2 enhanced the DAergic neuronal phenotype, namely upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DA transporter (DAT) with neurite outgrowth, both in SH-SY5Y and primary VM neurons, which was interfered by the inhibition of BDNF-TrkB signaling, ERRγ knockdown, or blockade of ERK activation. HPB2 also upregulated BDNF and TH in the striatum and induced neurite elongation in the substantia nigra of mice brain. In conclusion, ERRγ activation regulated BDNF expression and the subsequent DAergic neuronal phenotype in neuronal cells. Our results might provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the regulation of BDNF expression, leading to novel therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological disorders associated with DAergic dysregulation.
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18
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Sakamoto T, Matsuura TR, Wan S, Ryba DM, Kim J, Won KJ, Lai L, Petucci C, Petrenko N, Musunuru K, Vega RB, Kelly DP. A Critical Role for Estrogen-Related Receptor Signaling in Cardiac Maturation. Circ Res 2020; 126:1685-1702. [PMID: 32212902 PMCID: PMC7274895 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The heart undergoes dramatic developmental changes during the prenatal to postnatal transition, including maturation of cardiac myocyte energy metabolic and contractile machinery. Delineation of the mechanisms involved in cardiac postnatal development could provide new insight into the fetal shifts that occur in the diseased heart and unveil strategies for driving maturation of stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes. OBJECTIVE To delineate transcriptional drivers of cardiac maturation. METHODS AND RESULTS We hypothesized that ERR (estrogen-related receptor) α and γ, known transcriptional regulators of postnatal mitochondrial biogenesis and function, serve a role in the broader cardiac maturation program. We devised a strategy to knockdown the expression of ERRα and γ in heart after birth (pn-csERRα/γ [postnatal cardiac-specific ERRα/γ]) in mice. With high levels of knockdown, pn-csERRα/γ knockdown mice exhibited cardiomyopathy with an arrest in mitochondrial maturation. RNA sequence analysis of pn-csERRα/γ knockdown hearts at 5 weeks of age combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation with deep sequencing and functional characterization conducted in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes (hiPSC-CM) demonstrated that ERRγ activates transcription of genes involved in virtually all aspects of postnatal developmental maturation, including mitochondrial energy transduction, contractile function, and ion transport. In addition, ERRγ was found to suppress genes involved in fibroblast activation in hearts of pn-csERRα/γ knockdown mice. Disruption of Esrra and Esrrg in mice during fetal development resulted in perinatal lethality associated with structural and genomic evidence of an arrest in cardiac maturation, including persistent expression of early developmental and noncardiac lineage gene markers including cardiac fibroblast signatures. Lastly, targeted deletion of ESRRA and ESRRG in hiPSC-CM derepressed expression of early (transcription factor 21 or TCF21) and mature (periostin, collagen type III) fibroblast gene signatures. CONCLUSIONS ERRα and γ are critical regulators of cardiac myocyte maturation, serving as transcriptional activators of adult cardiac metabolic and structural genes, an.d suppressors of noncardiac lineages including fibroblast determination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shibiao Wan
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Dept. Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | | | - Junil Kim
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Dept. Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kyoung Jae Won
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Dept. Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Rick B. Vega
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, Florida, 32827, USA
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Jang Y, Lee JH, Lee MJ, Kim SJ, Ju X, Cui J, Zhu J, Lee YL, Namgung E, Sung HWJ, Lee HW, Ryu MJ, Oh E, Chung W, Kweon GR, Choi CW, Heo JY. Schisandra Extract and Ascorbic Acid Synergistically Enhance Cognition in Mice Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040897. [PMID: 32218327 PMCID: PMC7230947 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline is observed in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. Intracellular energy produced via mitochondrial respiration is used in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and structure, including dendritic spine length and density, as well as for the release of neurotrophic factors involved in learning and memory. To date, a few synthetic agents for improving mitochondrial function have been developed for overcoming cognitive impairment. However, no natural compounds that modulate synaptic plasticity by directly targeting mitochondria have been developed. Here, we demonstrate that a mixture of Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) and ascorbic acid (AA) improved cognitive function and induced synaptic plasticity-regulating proteins by enhancing mitochondrial respiration. Treatment of embryonic mouse hippocampal mHippoE-14 cells with a 4:1 mixture of SCE and AA increased basal oxygen consumption rate. We found that mice injected with the SCE-AA mixture showed enhanced learning and memory and recognition ability. We further observed that injection of the SCE-AA mixture in mice significantly increased expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), an increase that was correlated with enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. These results demonstrate that a mixture of SCE and AA improves mitochondrial function and memory, suggesting that this natural compound mixture could be used to alleviate AD and aging-associated memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunseon Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Min Joung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Xianshu Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jianchen Cui
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jiebo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Yu Lim Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eunji Namgung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Han Wool John Sung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
| | - Hong Won Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
| | - Min Jeong Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
| | - Eungseok Oh
- Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Gi Ryang Kweon
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- Natural Product Research Team, Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon 16229, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.W.C.); (J.Y.H.); Tel.: +82-31-888-6131 (C.W.C.); +82-42-580-8222 (J.Y.H.)
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (Y.J.); (J.H.L.); (M.J.L.); (S.J.K.); (X.J.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.L.); (E.N.); (H.W.J.S.); (H.W.L.); (M.J.R.); (G.R.K.)
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.W.C.); (J.Y.H.); Tel.: +82-31-888-6131 (C.W.C.); +82-42-580-8222 (J.Y.H.)
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Chen Z, Wu L, Zhou J, Lin X, Peng Y, Ge L, Chiang CM, Huang H, Wang H, He W. N6-methyladenosine-induced ERRγ triggers chemoresistance of cancer cells through upregulation of ABCB1 and metabolic reprogramming. Theranostics 2020; 10:3382-3396. [PMID: 32206097 PMCID: PMC7069076 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Drug resistance severely reduces treatment efficiency of chemotherapy and leads to poor prognosis. However, regulatory factors of chemoresistant cancer cells are largely unknown. Methods: The expression of estrogen receptor related receptors (ERRs) in chemoresistant cancer cells are checked. The roles of ERRγ in chemoresistance are confirmed by in vitro and in vivo studies. The mechanisms responsible for ERRγ-regulated expression of ABCB1 and CPT1B are investigated. Results: The expression of ERRγ is upregulated in chemoresistant cancer cells. Targeted inhibition of ERRγ restores the chemosensitivity. ERRγ can directly bind to the promoter of ABCB1 to increase its transcription. An elevated interaction between ERRγ and p65 in chemoresistant cells further strengthens transcription of ABCB1. Further, ERRγ can increase the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in chemoresistant cells via regulation of CPT1B, the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO. The upregulated ERRγ in chemoresistant cancer cells might be due to increased levels of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) can trigger the splicing of precursor ESRRG mRNA. Conclusions: m6A induced ERRγ confers chemoresistance of cancer cells through upregulation of ABCB1 and CPT1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojia Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Long Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xinyao Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yanxi Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lichen Ge
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Hui Huang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shennan Middle Road 3025#, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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GSK3β Regulates Brain Energy Metabolism. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1922-1931.e4. [PMID: 29768193 PMCID: PMC6082412 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
GSK3β is a serine threonine kinase implicated in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Although the role of GSK3β in growth and pathology has been extensively studied, little is known about the metabolic consequences of GSK3β manipulation, particularly in the brain. Here, we show that GSK3β regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism in human H4 neuroglioma cells and rat PC12-derived neuronal cells and that inhibition of GSK3β in mice in vivo alters metabolism in the hippocampus in a region-specific manner. We demonstrate that GSK3β inhibition increases mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential and alters NAD(P)H metabolism. These metabolic effects are associated with increased PGC-1α protein stabilization, enhanced nuclear localization, and increased transcriptional co-activation. In mice treated with the GSK3β inhibitor lithium carbonate, changes in hippocampal energy metabolism are linked to increased PGC-1α. These data highlight a metabolic role for brain GSK3β and suggest that the GSK3β/PGC-1α axis may be important in neuronal metabolic integrity.
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Yu G, Zilundu PLM, Liu L, Zhong K, Tang Y, Ling Z, Zhou LH. ERRγ is downregulated in injured motor neuron subpopulations following brachial plexus root avulsion. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:205-213. [PMID: 31853291 PMCID: PMC6909709 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a member of a small group of orphan nuclear receptor transcription factors that have been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, including placental development, regulation of metabolic genes or disease. The pattern of expression of ERRγ, its role in neuronal injury and its co-localization with other transcription factors in the spinal cord of rats with brachial plexus injury has not been determined. The expression profile of ERRγ and its co-localization with RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 3 (NeuN) or cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor 3 (ATF-3) in the motor neurons of rats that underwent brachial plexus root avulsion were assessed using western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Fluorogold (FG) was used to mark neurons whose axons were severed. ATF-3 was expressed in the nuclei of motor neurons whose axons were severed by root avulsion. On day 3 post-avulsion, FG and ATF-3 were all co-localized in the injured motor neurons. The level of ERRγ protein in the ipsilateral half of injured spinal cords was significantly decreased compared with that in the contralateral half on days 3, 14 and 28 post-avulsion (all P<0.05). The numbers of ERRγ-positive motor neurons (ERRγon) were also notably decreased in the ipsilateral side compared with that in the contralateral side on days 14 and 28 post-avulsion, implying that the expression occurred in α motor neurons that were progressively being lost, a phenomenon that was expected post-brachial plexus avulsion. Almost all large and small ERRγ-positive motor neurons were also NeuN-positive (NeuNon). However, a few of these were ERRγon/NeuNoff (no NeuN signal). Therefore, these results suggested that ERRγ is a non-specific marker of γ motor neurons in rats, and therefore, this specific transcriptional program cannot be used to define functionally distinct motor neuron sub-populations. However, its downregulation on the injured side suggests that it is an important component of the response to injury in motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Prince Last Mudenda Zilundu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zemin Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Renaud L, Huff M, da Silveira WA, Angert M, Haas M, Hardiman G. Genome-Wide Analysis of Low Dose Bisphenol-A (BPA) Exposure in Human Prostate Cells. Curr Genomics 2019; 20:260-274. [PMID: 32030086 PMCID: PMC6983955 DOI: 10.2174/1389202920666190603123040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have the potential to cause adverse effects on wild-life and human health. Two important EDCs are the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and bisphenol-A (BPA) both of which are xenoestrogens (XEs) as they bind the estrogen receptor and dis-rupt estrogen physiology in mammals and other vertebrates. In the recent years the influence of XEs on oncogenes, specifically in relation to breast and prostate cancer has been the subject of considerable study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Renaud
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Huff
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
| | - Willian A da Silveira
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
| | - Mila Angert
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
| | - Martin Haas
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
| | - Gary Hardiman
- 1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 2MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3MS in Biomedical Sciences Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 4School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, UK; 5Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA; 6Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA; 7Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, CA, USA
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Jiménez-González V, Ogalla-García E, García-Quintanilla M, García-Quintanilla A. Deciphering GRINA/Lifeguard1: Nuclear Location, Ca 2+ Homeostasis and Vesicle Transport. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164005. [PMID: 31426446 PMCID: PMC6719933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic NMDA-Associated Protein 1 (GRINA) belongs to the Lifeguard family and is involved in calcium homeostasis, which governs key processes, such as cell survival or the release of neurotransmitters. GRINA is mainly associated with membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, endosome, and the cell surface, but its presence in the nucleus has not been explained yet. Here we dissect, with the help of different software tools, the potential roles of GRINA in the cell and how they may be altered in diseases, such as schizophrenia or celiac disease. We describe for the first time that the cytoplasmic N-terminal half of GRINA (which spans a Proline-rich domain) contains a potential DNA-binding sequence, in addition to cleavage target sites and probable PY-nuclear localization sequences, that may enable it to be released from the rest of the protein and enter the nucleus under suitable conditions, where it could participate in the transcription, alternative splicing, and mRNA export of a subset of genes likely involved in lipid and sterol synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, or cell cycle progression. To support these findings, we include additional evidence based on an exhaustive review of the literature and our preliminary data of the protein–protein interaction network of GRINA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Ogalla-García
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Meritxell García-Quintanilla
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Albert García-Quintanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Maturation Requires Proteolytic Cleavage by PCSK3, -5, and -6. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00249-18. [PMID: 30104250 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00249-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a secreted protein with pleotropic functions from the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family. GDF15 is synthesized as a precursor and undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate mature GDF15. The strong appetite-suppressing effect of mature GDF15 makes it an attractive therapeutic agent/target for diseases such as obesity and cachexia. In addition, clinical studies indicate that circulating, mature GDF15 is an independent biomarker for heart failure. We recently found that GDF15 functions as a heart-derived hormone that inhibits liver growth hormone signaling and postnatal body growth in the pediatric period. However, little is known about the mechanism of GDF15 maturation, in particular the enzymes that mediate GDF15 precursor cleavage. We investigated which candidate proteases can cleave GDF15 precursor and generate mature GDF15 in cardiomyocytes in vitro and mouse hearts in vivo We discovered that three members of the proprotein convertase, subtilisin/kexin-type (PCSK) family, namely, PCSK3, PCSK5, and PCSK6, can efficiently cleave GDF15 precursor, therefore licensing its maturation both in vitro and in vivo Our studies suggest that PCSK3, -5, and -6 mediate a crucial step of GDF15 maturation through proteolytic cleavage of the precursor. These results also reveal new targets for therapeutic application of GDF15 in treating obesity and cachexia.
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26
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Hu P, Liu J, Zhao J, Wilkins BJ, Lupino K, Wu H, Pei L. Single-nucleus transcriptomic survey of cell diversity and functional maturation in postnatal mammalian hearts. Genes Dev 2018; 32:1344-1357. [PMID: 30254108 PMCID: PMC6169839 DOI: 10.1101/gad.316802.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental challenge in understanding cardiac biology and disease is that the remarkable heterogeneity in cell type composition and functional states have not been well characterized at single-cell resolution in maturing and diseased mammalian hearts. Massively parallel single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool to address these questions by interrogating the transcriptome of tens of thousands of nuclei isolated from fresh or frozen tissues. snRNA-seq overcomes the technical challenge of isolating intact single cells from complex tissues, including the maturing mammalian hearts; reduces biased recovery of easily dissociated cell types; and minimizes aberrant gene expression during the whole-cell dissociation. Here we applied sNucDrop-seq, a droplet microfluidics-based massively parallel snRNA-seq method, to investigate the transcriptional landscape of postnatal maturing mouse hearts in both healthy and disease states. By profiling the transcriptome of nearly 20,000 nuclei, we identified major and rare cardiac cell types and revealed significant heterogeneity of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in postnatal developing hearts. When applied to a mouse model of pediatric mitochondrial cardiomyopathy, we uncovered profound cell type-specific modifications of the cardiac transcriptional landscape at single-nucleus resolution, including changes of subtype composition, maturation states, and functional remodeling of each cell type. Furthermore, we employed sNucDrop-seq to decipher the cardiac cell type-specific gene regulatory network (GRN) of GDF15, a heart-derived hormone and clinically important diagnostic biomarker of heart disease. Together, our results present a rich resource for studying cardiac biology and provide new insights into heart disease using an approach broadly applicable to many fields of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics, Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin J Wilkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Katherine Lupino
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Genetics, Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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27
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Genomic integration of ERRγ-HNF1β regulates renal bioenergetics and prevents chronic kidney disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E4910-E4919. [PMID: 29735694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804965115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of both hereditary and acquired kidney diseases. However, it remains poorly understood how mitochondrial metabolism is regulated to support normal kidney function and how its dysregulation contributes to kidney disease. Here, we show that the nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1β) link renal mitochondrial and reabsorptive functions through coordinated epigenomic programs. ERRγ directly regulates mitochondrial metabolism but cooperatively controls renal reabsorption via convergent binding with HNF1β. Deletion of ERRγ in renal epithelial cells (RECs), in which it is highly and specifically expressed, results in severe renal energetic and reabsorptive dysfunction and progressive renal failure that recapitulates phenotypes of animals and patients with HNF1β loss-of-function gene mutations. Moreover, ERRγ expression positively correlates with renal function and is decreased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). REC-ERRγ KO mice share highly overlapping renal transcriptional signatures with human patients with CKD. Together these findings reveal a role for ERRγ in directing independent and HNF1β-integrated programs for energy production and use essential for normal renal function and the prevention of kidney disease.
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28
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Pei L, Wallace DC. Mitochondrial Etiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:722-730. [PMID: 29290371 PMCID: PMC5891364 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The brain has the highest mitochondrial energy demand of any organ. Therefore, subtle changes in mitochondrial energy production will preferentially affect the brain. Considerable biochemical evidence has accumulated revealing mitochondrial defects associated with neuropsychiatric diseases. Moreover, the mitochondrial genome encompasses over a thousand nuclear DNA genes plus hundreds to thousands of copies of the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Therefore, partial defects in either the nuclear DNA or mtDNA genes or combinations of the two can be sufficient to cause neuropsychiatric disorders. Inherited and acquired mtDNA mutations have recently been associated with autism spectrum disorder, which parallels previous evidence of mtDNA variation in other neurological diseases. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction may be central to the etiology of a wide spectrum of neurological diseases. The mitochondria and the nucleus communicate to coordinate energy production and utilization, providing the potential for therapeutics by manipulating nuclear regulation of mitochondrial gene expression.
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29
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Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Related Receptors in the Brain: Potential Interactions with Estrogen Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041091. [PMID: 29621182 PMCID: PMC5979530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to their well-known role in the female reproductive system, estrogens can act in the brain to regulate a wide range of behaviors and physiological functions in both sexes. Over the past few decades, genetically modified animal models have greatly increased our knowledge about the roles of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in the brain in behavioral and physiological regulations. However, less attention has been paid to the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), the members of orphan nuclear receptors whose sequences are homologous to ERs but lack estrogen-binding ability. While endogenous ligands of ERRs remain to be determined, they seemingly share transcriptional targets with ERs and their expression can be directly regulated by ERs through the estrogen-response element embedded within the regulatory region of the genes encoding ERRs. Despite the broad expression of ERRs in the brain, we have just begun to understand the fundamental roles they play at molecular, cellular, and circuit levels. Here, we review recent research advancement in understanding the roles of ERs and ERRs in the brain, with particular emphasis on ERRs, and discuss possible cross-talk between ERs and ERRs in behavioral and physiological regulations.
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30
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Wang T, Liu J, McDonald C, Lupino K, Zhai X, Wilkins BJ, Hakonarson H, Pei L. GDF15 is a heart-derived hormone that regulates body growth. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1150-1164. [PMID: 28572090 PMCID: PMC5538424 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocrine system is crucial for maintaining whole-body homeostasis. Little is known regarding endocrine hormones secreted by the heart other than atrial/brain natriuretic peptides discovered over 30 years ago. Here, we identify growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a heart-derived hormone that regulates body growth. We show that pediatric heart disease induces GDF15 synthesis and secretion by cardiomyocytes. Circulating GDF15 in turn acts on the liver to inhibit growth hormone (GH) signaling and body growth. We demonstrate that blocking cardiomyocyte production of GDF15 normalizes circulating GDF15 level and restores liver GH signaling, establishing GDF15 as a bona fide heart-derived hormone that regulates pediatric body growth. Importantly, plasma GDF15 is further increased in children with concomitant heart disease and failure to thrive (FTT). Together these studies reveal a new endocrine mechanism by which the heart coordinates cardiac function and body growth. Our results also provide a potential mechanism for the well-established clinical observation that children with heart diseases often develop FTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caitlin McDonald
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine Lupino
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiandun Zhai
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute of Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang Henan, China
| | - Benjamin J Wilkins
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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31
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Ahmadian M, Liu S, Reilly SM, Hah N, Fan W, Yoshihara E, Jha P, De Magalhaes Filho CD, Jacinto S, Gomez AV, Dai Y, Yu RT, Liddle C, Atkins AR, Auwerx J, Saltiel AR, Downes M, Evans RM. ERRγ Preserves Brown Fat Innate Thermogenic Activity. Cell Rep 2018; 22:2849-2859. [PMID: 29539415 PMCID: PMC5884669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) adaptively transfers energy from glucose and fat into heat by inducing a gene network that uncouples mitochondrial electron transport. However, the innate transcription factors that enable the rapid adaptive response of BAT are unclear. Here, we identify estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) as a critical factor for maintaining BAT identity. ERRγ is selectively expressed in BAT versus WAT, in which, in the absence of PGC1α, it drives a signature transcriptional network of thermogenic and oxidative genes in the basal (i.e., thermoneutral) state. Mice lacking ERRγ in adipose tissue (ERRγKO mice) display marked downregulation of BAT-selective genes that leads to a pronounced whitening of BAT. Consistent with the transcriptional changes, the thermogenic capacity of ERRγKO mice is severely blunted, such that they fail to survive an acute cold challenge. These findings reveal a role for ERRγ as a critical thermoneutral maintenance factor required to prime BAT for thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sihao Liu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shannon M Reilly
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0757, USA
| | - Nasun Hah
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Weiwei Fan
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eiji Yoshihara
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pooja Jha
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandra Jacinto
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew V Gomez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0757, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ruth T Yu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Annette R Atkins
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan R Saltiel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0757, USA
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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32
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Ohtani N, Suda K, Tsuji E, Tanemura K, Yokota H, Inoue H, Iwano H. Late pregnancy is vulnerable period for exposure to BPA. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:536-543. [PMID: 29367495 PMCID: PMC5880839 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the better-known endocrine disruptors. BPA is used in various food-contacting materials and is easily eluted into food; as a result, we are exposed to BPA on a daily basis. In adults, BPA is
metabolized and eliminated rapidly from the body. However, numerous reports suggest that fetuses and young children are susceptible to BPA. One of the concerning adverse effects of BPA is disruption of behavior,
especially anxiety-like behavior. In order to study the mechanism of influences on offspring, it is important to clarify the most vulnerable gestation period. We hypothesized that offspring in late pregnancy would be
more susceptible to BPA, because late pregnancy is a critical time for functional brain development. In this study, C57BL/6 mouse fetuses were exposed prenatally by oral dosing of pregnant dams, once daily from
gestational day 5.5 to 12.5 (early pregnancy) or 11.5 to 18.5 (late pregnancy), with BPA (0 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Following birth and weaning, the resulting pups were tested using an elevated plus maze at postnatal
week 10. The behavior of the offspring was altered by prenatal BPA exposure during late pregnancy but not during early pregnancy. These results indicated that offspring are more vulnerable to exposure to BPA in late
pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Ohtani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Koshi Suda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Erika Tsuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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33
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Li W, Sivakumar R, Titov AA, Choi SC, Morel L. Metabolic Factors that Contribute to Lupus Pathogenesis. Crit Rev Immunol 2017; 36:75-98. [PMID: 27480903 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2016017164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which organ damage is mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies directed against nucleic acids and protein complexes. Studies in SLE patients and in mouse models of lupus have implicated virtually every cell type in the immune system in the induction or amplification of the autoimmune response as well as the promotion of an inflammatory environment that aggravates tissue injury. Here, we review the contribution of CD4+ T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells to lupus pathogenesis and then discuss alterations in the metabolism of these cells that may contribute to disease, given the recent advances in the field of immunometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ramya Sivakumar
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Anton A Titov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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34
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Festuccia N, Owens N, Navarro P. Esrrb, an estrogen-related receptor involved in early development, pluripotency, and reprogramming. FEBS Lett 2017; 592:852-877. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Festuccia
- Epigenetics of Stem Cells; Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology; Institut Pasteur; CNRS UMR3738; Paris France
| | - Nick Owens
- Epigenetics of Stem Cells; Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology; Institut Pasteur; CNRS UMR3738; Paris France
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Epigenetics of Stem Cells; Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology; Institut Pasteur; CNRS UMR3738; Paris France
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35
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de Oliveira Souza A, Couto-Lima CA, Rosa Machado MC, Espreafico EM, Pinheiro Ramos RG, Alberici LC. Protective action of Omega-3 on paraquat intoxication in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1050-1063. [PMID: 28849990 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) (1,1'-dimethyl-4-4'-bipyridinium dichloride) is the second most widely used herbicide worldwide; however, in countries different sales and distribution remain restricted. Chronic exposure to PQ leads to several diseases related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions including myocardial failure, cancer, and neurodegeneration and subsequently death depending upon the dose level. The aim of this study was to examine if diet supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA, omega-3 long-chain fatty acids) serves a protective mechanism against neuromuscular dysfunctions mediated by PQ using Drosophila melanogaster as a model with focus on mitochondrial metabolism. PQ ingestion (170 mg/kg b.w. for 3 d) resulted in a decreased life span and climbing ability in D. melanogaster. In the brain, PQ increased thioflavin fluorescence and reduced either 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) nuclei staining and neuronal nuclei protein (NeuN) positive neurons, indicating amyloid formation and neurodegenetation, respectively. In the thorax, PQ ingestion lowered citrate synthase activity and respiratory functions indicating a reduction in mitochondrial content. PQ elevated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) mRNA expression levels, indicative of high calcium influx from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix. In brain and thorax, PQ also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and impaired acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Concomitant EPA/DHA ingestion (0.31/0.19 mg/kg b.w.) protected D. melanogaster against PQ-induced toxicity preserving neuromuscular function and slowing down the rate of aging. In brain and thorax, these omega-3 fatty acids inhibited excess H2O2 production and restored AChE activity. EPA/DHA delayed amyloid deposition in the brain, and restored low citrate synthase activity and respiratory functions in the thorax. The effects in the thorax were attributed to stimulated mRNA expression level of genes involved either in mitochondrial dynamics or biogenesis promoted by EPA/DHA: dynamin-related protein (DRP1), mitochondrial assembly regulatory factor (MARF), mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase (OPA1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α). In conclusion, diet supplementation with EPA/DHA appears to protect D. melanogaster muscular and neuronal tissues against PQ intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson de Oliveira Souza
- a Institute of Health and Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) Estrada Coari-Mamiá 305 , CEP 69460-000 , Coari-AM , Brazil
- b Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo (FCFRP-USP) Avenida do Café s/nº , CEP 14040-903 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Carlos Antônio Couto-Lima
- c Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) Avenida Bandeirantes 3900 , CEP 14049-900 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Maiaro Cabral Rosa Machado
- c Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) Avenida Bandeirantes 3900 , CEP 14049-900 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Enilza Maria Espreafico
- c Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) Avenida Bandeirantes 3900 , CEP 14049-900 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Guelerman Pinheiro Ramos
- c Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP) Avenida Bandeirantes 3900 , CEP 14049-900 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Luciane Carla Alberici
- b Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo (FCFRP-USP) Avenida do Café s/nº , CEP 14040-903 , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
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36
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Misra J, Kim DK, Choi HS. ERRγ: a Junior Orphan with a Senior Role in Metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:261-272. [PMID: 28209382 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor (ERR)γ is an orphan nuclear hormone receptor that belongs to the ERR subfamily of transcription factors. No endogenous ligand has been identified to date. ERRγ possesses ligand-independent transcriptional activity that is regulated by co-regulator interactions, and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Recent data from animal models have established ERRγ as a crucial mediator of multiple endocrine and metabolic signals. ERRγ plays important roles in pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, alcoholic liver injury, and cardiac hypertrophy, and controls energy metabolism in the heart, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic β cells. These findings corroborate the importance of ERRγ in metabolic homeostasis, and suggest that ERRγ is a good target for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Misra
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Ruggiero A, Aloni E, Korkotian E, Zaltsman Y, Oni-Biton E, Kuperman Y, Tsoory M, Shachnai L, Levin-Zaidman S, Brenner O, Segal M, Gross A. Loss of forebrain MTCH2 decreases mitochondria motility and calcium handling and impairs hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44401. [PMID: 28276496 PMCID: PMC5343590 DOI: 10.1038/srep44401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Carrier Homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a novel regulator of mitochondria metabolism, which was recently associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Here we demonstrate that deletion of forebrain MTCH2 increases mitochondria and whole-body energy metabolism, increases locomotor activity, but impairs motor coordination and balance. Importantly, mice deficient in forebrain MTCH2 display a deficit in hippocampus-dependent cognitive functions, including spatial memory, long term potentiation (LTP) and rates of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents. Moreover, MTCH2-deficient hippocampal neurons display a deficit in mitochondria motility and calcium handling. Thus, MTCH2 is a critical player in neuronal cell biology, controlling mitochondria metabolism, motility and calcium buffering to regulate hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Ruggiero
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Etay Aloni
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Eduard Korkotian
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yehudit Zaltsman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Efrat Oni-Biton
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michael Tsoory
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Liat Shachnai
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Smadar Levin-Zaidman
- Department of Chemical research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ori Brenner
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Menahem Segal
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Atan Gross
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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38
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Manshack LK, Conard CM, Bryan SJ, Deem SL, Holliday DK, Bivens NJ, Givan SA, Rosenfeld CS. Transcriptomic alterations in the brain of painted turtles ( Chrysemys picta) developmentally exposed to bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol. Physiol Genomics 2017; 49:201-215. [PMID: 28159858 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00103.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental exposure of turtles and other reptiles to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol A (BPA) and ethinyl estradiol (EE), can stimulate partial to full gonadal sex-reversal in males. We have also recently shown that in ovo exposure to either EDC can induce similar sex-dependent behavioral changes typified by improved spatial learning and memory or possibly feminized brain responses. Observed behavioral changes are presumed to be due to BPA- and EE-induced brain transcriptomic alterations during development. To test this hypothesis, we treated painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) at developmental stage 17, incubated at 26°C (male-inducing temperature), with 1) BPA (1 ng/µl), 2) EE (4 ng/µl), or 3) vehicle ethanol (control group). Ten months after hatching and completion of the behavioral tests, juvenile turtles were euthanized, brains were collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen, and RNA was isolated for RNA-Seq analysis. Turtles exposed to BPA clustered separately from EE-exposed and control individuals. More transcripts and gene pathways were altered in BPA vs. EE individuals. The one transcript upregulated in both BPA- and EE-exposed individuals was the mitochondrial-associated gene, ND5, which is involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Early exposure of turtles to BPA increases transcripts linked with ribosomal and mitochondrial functions, especially bioenergetics, which has been previously linked with improved cognitive performance. In summary, even though both BPA and EE resulted in similar behavioral alterations, they diverge in the pattern of neural transcript alterations with early BPA significantly upregulating several genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial activity, and ribosomal function, which could enhance cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey K Manshack
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Caroline M Conard
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sara J Bryan
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Sharon L Deem
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dawn K Holliday
- Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Westminster College, Fulton, Missouri
| | - Nathan J Bivens
- DNA Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott A Givan
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Informatics Research Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Cheryl S Rosenfeld
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; .,Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; and.,Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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39
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Tanida T, Matsuda KI, Yamada S, Kawata M, Tanaka M. Immunohistochemical profiling of estrogen-related receptor gamma in rat brain and colocalization with estrogen receptor alpha in the preoptic area. Brain Res 2017; 1659:71-80. [PMID: 28119057 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that has strong homology with estrogen receptor (ER) α. Despite the lack of endogenous ligands, ERR serves as transcription factors through their constitutively active structure with or without interaction with ERα. Among the three subtypes of ERR (α, β, and γ), ERRγ is highly expressed in brain, but the distribution of ERRγ is poorly characterized. Therefore, we investigated ERRγ immunoreactivity throughout the rostro-caudal axis in rat brain. Immunohistochemistry revealed localization of ERRγ protein in the cell nucleus, and a ubiquitous distribution of ERRγ in brain regions including the olfactory bulb, cerebrum, brain stem, and cerebellum. Selective intense immunoreactivity was observed in the reticular thalamic nucleus, zona incerta, circular nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, pontine nucleus, and parasolitary nucleus. Most ERRγ-immunoreactive (ir) regions were also positive for ERα and/or ERβ, which suggests that ERRγ is involved in modulation of estrogen signaling in adult rat brain. Double immunofluorescence demonstrated colocalization of ERRγ with ERα within the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area (AVPV) and medial preoptic nucleus (MPO), which are major target sites for estrogen action. The results of this study suggest that ERRγ function in the brain is affected by estrogens through an interaction with ERα. The findings also provide basic information on brain region-specific ERRγ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tanida
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Ken Ichi Matsuda
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shunji Yamada
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawata
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, 96, Kitahananobo-cho, Murasakino, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8301, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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40
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Bodofsky S, Koitz F, Wightman B. CONSERVED AND EXAPTED FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEAR RECEPTORS IN ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2017; 4:101305. [PMID: 29333434 PMCID: PMC5761748 DOI: 10.11131/2017/101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor gene family includes 18 members that are broadly conserved among multiple disparate animal phyla, indicating that they trace their evolutionary origins to the time at which animal life arose. Typical nuclear receptors contain two major domains: a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal domain that may bind a lipophilic hormone. Many of these nuclear receptors play varied roles in animal development, including coordination of life cycle events and cellular differentiation. The well-studied genetic model systems of Drosophila, C. elegans, and mouse permit an evaluation of the extent to which nuclear receptor function in development is conserved or exapted (repurposed) over animal evolution. While there are some specific examples of conserved functions and pathways, there are many clear examples of exaptation. Overall, the evolutionary theme of exaptation appears to be favored over strict functional conservation. Despite strong conservation of DNA-binding domain sequences and activity, the nuclear receptors prove to be highly-flexible regulators of animal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari Bodofsky
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
| | - Francine Koitz
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
| | - Bruce Wightman
- Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew St., Allentown, PA 18104
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41
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Choi SC, Titov AA, Sivakumar R, Li W, Morel L. Immune Cell Metabolism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2016; 18:66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-016-0615-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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42
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Bose A, Beal MF. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:216-231. [PMID: 27546335 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. About 2% of the population above the age of 60 is affected by the disease. The pathological hallmarks of the disease include the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies that are made of α-synuclein. Several theories have been suggested for the pathogenesis of PD, of which mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in both sporadic and familial forms of the disease. Dysfunction of the mitochondria that is caused by bioenergetic defects, mutations in mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA gene mutations linked to mitochondria, and changes in dynamics of the mitochondria such fusion or fission, changes in size and morphology, alterations in trafficking or transport, altered movement of mitochondria, impairment of transcription, and the presence of mutated proteins associated with mitochondria are implicated in PD. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the mechanisms that can cause mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. We bring to the forefront, new signaling pathways such as the retromer-trafficking pathway and its implication in the disease and also provide a brief overview of therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial defects in PD. Bioenergetic defects, mutations in mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA gene mutations, alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, alterations in trafficking/transport and mitochondrial movement, abnormal size and morphology, impairment of transcription and the presence of mutated proteins associated with mitochondria are implicated in PD. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in PD and bring to the forefront new signaling pathways that may be involved in PD. We also provide an overview of therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial defects in PD. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Bose
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
| | - M Flint Beal
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
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43
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Zheng X, Boyer L, Jin M, Mertens J, Kim Y, Ma L, Ma L, Hamm M, Gage FH, Hunter T. Metabolic reprogramming during neuronal differentiation from aerobic glycolysis to neuronal oxidative phosphorylation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27282387 PMCID: PMC4963198 DOI: 10.7554/elife.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
How metabolism is reprogrammed during neuronal differentiation is unknown. We found that the loss of hexokinase (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) expression, together with a switch in pyruvate kinase gene splicing from PKM2 to PKM1, marks the transition from aerobic glycolysis in neural progenitor cells (NPC) to neuronal oxidative phosphorylation. The protein levels of c-MYC and N-MYC, transcriptional activators of the HK2 and LDHA genes, decrease dramatically. Constitutive expression of HK2 and LDHA during differentiation leads to neuronal cell death, indicating that the shut-off aerobic glycolysis is essential for neuronal survival. The metabolic regulators PGC-1α and ERRγ increase significantly upon neuronal differentiation to sustain the transcription of metabolic and mitochondrial genes, whose levels are unchanged compared to NPCs, revealing distinct transcriptional regulation of metabolic genes in the proliferation and post-mitotic differentiation states. Mitochondrial mass increases proportionally with neuronal mass growth, indicating an unknown mechanism linking mitochondrial biogenesis to cell size. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13374.001 Structures called mitochondria act like the batteries of cells, and use several different metabolic processes to release energy. For example, neurons rely on a metabolic process called oxidative phosphorylation, while neural progenitor cells (which develop, or differentiate, into neurons) use a process called aerobic glycolysis instead. Little is known about why neurons prefer to use oxidative phosphorylation to provide them with energy, and it is also not clear why problems that affect this process are often seen in neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Zheng, Boyer et al. have now used human neural progenitor cells to explore the metabolic changes that occur as these cells develop into neurons. It appears that the loss of two metabolic enzymes, called hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase, marks the transition from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, the instructions to produce an enzyme called pyruvate kinase are altered or “alternatively spliced” when progenitor cells differentiate, which in turn changes the structure of the enzyme. The levels of the proteins that activate and regulate the production of these three metabolic enzymes also decrease dramatically during this transition. Further experiments showed that neurons that produce hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase while they differentiate die, which means that neurons must shut off aerobic glycolysis in order to survive. The amounts of two proteins that regulate metabolism (called PGC-1α and ERRγ) increase significantly when a neuron differentiates. This sustains a constant level of activity for several metabolic and mitochondrial genes as neural progenitor cells differentiate to form neurons. Zheng, Boyer et al. also found that neurons build more mitochondria as they grow; this suggests that an unknown mechanism exists that links the creation of mitochondria to the size of the neuron. Zheng, Boyer et al. have mainly focused on how much of each metabolic enzyme is produced inside cells, but these levels may not completely reflect the actual level of enzyme activity. The next steps are therefore to investigate whether any other processes or modifications play a part in regulating the enzymes. Further investigation is also needed to determine the effects of changes in mitochondrial structure that occur as a neuron develops from a neural progenitor cell. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13374.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinde Zheng
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Leah Boyer
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Mingji Jin
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jerome Mertens
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yongsung Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Li Ma
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Li Ma
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Michael Hamm
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Fred H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Tony Hunter
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
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44
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Yoshihara E, Wei Z, Lin CS, Fang S, Ahmadian M, Kida Y, Tseng T, Dai Y, Yu RT, Liddle C, Atkins AR, Downes M, Evans RM. ERRγ Is Required for the Metabolic Maturation of Therapeutically Functional Glucose-Responsive β Cells. Cell Metab 2016; 23:622-34. [PMID: 27076077 PMCID: PMC4832237 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells undergo postnatal maturation to achieve maximal glucose-responsive insulin secretion, an energy intensive process. We identify estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) expression as a hallmark of adult, but not neonatal β cells. Postnatal induction of ERRγ drives a transcriptional network activating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the electron transport chain, and ATP production needed to drive glucose-responsive insulin secretion. Mice deficient in β cell-specific ERRγ expression are glucose intolerant and fail to secrete insulin in response to a glucose challenge. Notably, forced expression of ERRγ in iPSC-derived β-like cells enables glucose-responsive secretion of human insulin in vitro, obviating in vivo maturation to achieve functionality. Moreover, these cells rapidly rescue diabetes when transplanted into β cell-deficient mice. These results identify a key role for ERRγ in β cell metabolic maturation, and offer a reproducible, quantifiable, and scalable approach for in vitro generation of functional human β cell therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yoshihara
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zong Wei
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chun Shi Lin
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 143-762, Korea
| | - Maryam Ahmadian
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 4, 1-1-4 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8562, Japan
| | - Tiffany Tseng
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ruth T Yu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Annette R Atkins
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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45
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Martin SA, DeMuth TM, Miller KN, Pugh TD, Polewski MA, Colman RJ, Eliceiri KW, Beasley TM, Johnson SC, Anderson RM. Regional metabolic heterogeneity of the hippocampus is nonuniformly impacted by age and caloric restriction. Aging Cell 2016; 15:100-10. [PMID: 26521867 PMCID: PMC4717265 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is critical for cognition and memory formation and is vulnerable to age‐related atrophy and loss of function. These phenotypes are attenuated by caloric restriction (CR), a dietary intervention that delays aging. Here, we show significant regional effects in hippocampal energy metabolism that are responsive to age and CR, implicating metabolic pathways in neuronal protection. In situ mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity was region specific and lower in aged mice, and the impact of age was region specific. Multiphoton laser scanning microscopy revealed region‐ and age‐specific differences in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)‐derived metabolic cofactors. Age‐related changes in metabolic parameters were temporally separated, with early and late events in the metabolic response to age. There was a significant regional impact of age to lower levels of PGC‐1α, a master mitochondrial regulator. Rather than reversing the impact of age, CR induced a distinct metabolic state with decreased cytochrome c oxidase activity and increased levels of NAD(P)H. Levels of hippocampal PGC‐1α were lower with CR, as were levels of GSK3β, a key regulator of PGC‐1α turnover and activity. Regional distribution and colocalization of PGC‐1α and GSK3β in mouse hippocampus was similar in monkeys. Furthermore, the impact of CR to lower levels of both PGC‐1α and GSK3β was also conserved. The studies presented here establish the hippocampus as a highly varied metabolic environment, reveal cell‐type and regional specificity in the metabolic response to age and delayed aging by CR, and suggest that PGC‐1α and GSK3β play a role in implementing the neuroprotective program induced by CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Martin
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Tyler M. DeMuth
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Karl N. Miller
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Thomas D. Pugh
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Michael A. Polewski
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53715 USA
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Timothy Mark Beasley
- Department of Biostatistics University of Alabama Birmingham AL 35294 USA
- GRECC Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital Birmingham AL 35294 USA
| | - Sterling C. Johnson
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
- GRECC William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison WI 53705 USA
| | - Rozalyn M. Anderson
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Medicine SMPH University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53705 USA
- GRECC William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison WI 53705 USA
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46
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Delprato A, Bonheur B, Algéo MP, Rosay P, Lu L, Williams RW, Crusio WE. Systems genetic analysis of hippocampal neuroanatomy and spatial learning in mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2015; 14:591-606. [PMID: 26449520 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Variation in hippocampal neuroanatomy correlates well with spatial learning ability in mice. Here, we have studied both hippocampal neuroanatomy and behavior in 53 isogenic BXD recombinant strains derived from C57BL/6J and DBA/2J parents. A combination of experimental, neuroinformatic and systems genetics methods was used to test the genetic bases of variation and covariation among traits. Data were collected on seven hippocampal subregions in CA3 and CA4 after testing spatial memory in an eight-arm radial maze task. Quantitative trait loci were identified for hippocampal structure, including the areas of the intra- and infrapyramidal mossy fibers (IIPMFs), stratum radiatum and stratum pyramidale, and for a spatial learning parameter, error rate. We identified multiple loci and gene variants linked to either structural differences or behavior. Gpc4 and Tenm2 are strong candidate genes that may modulate IIPMF areas. Analysis of gene expression networks and trait correlations highlight several processes influencing morphometrical variation and spatial learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Delprato
- University of Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,BioScience Project, Wakefield, MA, USA
| | - B Bonheur
- University of Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - M-P Algéo
- University of Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - P Rosay
- University of Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
| | - L Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - R W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - W E Crusio
- University of Bordeaux, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France.,CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, Pessac, France
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