1
|
Broden EG, Eche-Ugwu IJ, DeCourcey DD, Wolfe J, Hinds PS, Snaman J. "At Least I Can Push this Morphine": PICU Nurses' Approaches to Suffering Among Dying Children. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 68:132-141.e2. [PMID: 38679304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Parents of children who die in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) carry memories of their child's suffering throughout a lifelong grieving experience. Given their prolonged time at the bedside, PICU nurses are poised to attend to dying children's suffering. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore how PICU nurses identify, assess, and attend to EOL suffering. METHODS Interpretive descriptive qualitative study with thematic analysis of virtual focus groups from a geographically diverse sample of PICU nurses. RESULTS Nurses participated in five focus groups (N = 19). Most identified as White (89%) females (95%) with a range of 1-24 years of PICU experience and involvement in >10 EOL care cases (89%). Nurses described approaches to suffering within five themes: 1) Identifying and easing perceptible elements; 2) Recognizing and responding to subtleties moment-to-moment; 3) Acclimating to family interdependence; 4) Synchronizing nurse in-the-room insight with systemic complexity; and 5) Accounting for ambiguity. Nurses detailed elements of suffering they could "fix" with straightforward, external interventions (e.g., pain medication). More complex tasks like optimizing care within familial and interprofessional team relationships while navigating psychosocial responses from children and families challenged nurses. Nurses attempted to minimize EOL suffering amidst ambiguity and complexity using internal processes including managing the environment and titrating moment-to-moment care. CONCLUSIONS While physical suffering may be remedied with direct nursing care, holistically attending to EOL suffering in the PICU requires both bolstering external processes and strengthening PICU nurses' internal resources. Improving psychosocial training and optimizing interprofessional care systems could better support dying children and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Broden
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care (E.G.B., J.S.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Massachussetts; National Clinician Scholars Program (E.G.B.), Yale Schools of Medicine and Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Ijeoma Julie Eche-Ugwu
- Phyllis F. Cantor Center for Research in Nursing and Patient Care Services(I.J.E.U.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachussetts
| | - Danielle D DeCourcey
- Department of Pediatrics (D.D.D., J.W., J.S.), Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachussetts; Division of Medical Critical Care (D.D.D.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts
| | - Joanne Wolfe
- Department of Pediatrics (D.D.D., J.W., J.S.), Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachussetts; Department of Pediatrics (J.W.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts
| | - Pamela S Hinds
- Department of Nursing Science (P.H.), Professional Practice and Quality, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Pediatrics (P.H.), The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Jennifer Snaman
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care (E.G.B., J.S.), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Massachussetts; Department of Pediatrics (D.D.D., J.W., J.S.), Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachussetts
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Phillips B, Spratling R. Use of Social Media Support Groups to Bolster Recruitment of Hard-to-Reach Populations. J Pediatr Health Care 2024:S0891-5245(24)00175-5. [PMID: 39033443 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Research within social media is becoming more prevalent in the current climate of the digital era. However, there is little known about the use of Facebook support groups to recruit hard-to-reach populations like parents of children and youth with special health care needs. This paper reports on a recruitment strategy targeted at Facebook support groups and offers practical guidance for future research based on lessons learned. Recruitment through social media provides increased flexibility and accessibility at little to no cost, but careful consideration should be given to unique ethical requirements and challenges that may arise.
Collapse
|
3
|
Sobolewski J, Rothschild A, Freeman A. The Impact of Incentives on Data Collection for Online Surveys: Social Media Recruitment Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e50240. [PMID: 38963924 PMCID: PMC11258516 DOI: 10.2196/50240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of targeted advertisements on social media platforms (eg, Facebook and Instagram) has become increasingly popular for recruiting participants for online survey research. Many of these surveys offer monetary incentives for survey completion in the form of gift cards; however, little is known about whether the incentive amount impacts the cost, speed, and quality of data collection. OBJECTIVE This experiment addresses this gap in the literature by examining how different incentives in paid advertising campaigns on Instagram for completing a 10-minute online survey influence the response rate, recruitment advertising cost, data quality, and length of data collection. METHODS This experiment tested three incentive conditions using three Instagram campaigns that were each allocated a US $1400 budget to spend over a maximum of 4 days; ads targeted users aged 15-24 years in three nonadjacent designated market areas of similar size to avoid overlapping audiences. Four ad creatives were designed for each campaign; all ads featured the same images and text, but the incentive amount varied: no incentive, US $5 gift card, and US $15 gift card. All ads had a clickable link that directed users to an eligibility screener and a 10-minute online survey, if eligible. Each campaign ran for either the full allotted time (4 days) or until there were 150 total survey completes, prior to data quality checks for fraud. RESULTS The US $15 incentive condition resulted in the quickest and cheapest data collection, requiring 17 hours and ad spending of US $338.64 to achieve 142 survey completes. The US $5 condition took more than twice as long (39 hours) and cost US $864.33 in ad spending to achieve 148 survey completes. The no-incentive condition ran for 60 hours, spending nearly the full budget (US $1398.23), and achieved only 24 survey completes. The US $15 and US $5 incentive conditions had similar levels of fraudulent respondents, whereas the no-incentive condition had no fraudulent respondents. The completion rate for the US $15 and US $5 incentive conditions were 93.4% (155/166) and 89.8% (149/166), respectively, while the completion rate for the no-incentive condition was 43.6% (24/55). CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found that a higher incentive resulted in quicker data collection, less money spent on ads, and higher response rates, despite some fraudulent cases that had to be dropped from the sample. However, when considering the total incentive amounts in addition to the ad spending, a US $5 incentive appeared to be the most cost-effective data collection option. Other costs associated with running a campaign for a longer period should also be considered. A longer experiment is warranted to determine whether fraud varies over time across conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Freeman
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Idnay B, Cordoba E, Ramirez SO, Xiao E, Wood OR, Batey DS, Garofalo R, Schnall R. Social Marketing Perspective on Participant Recruitment in Informatics-Based Intervention Studies. AIDS Behav 2024:10.1007/s10461-024-04355-6. [PMID: 38703337 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Effective recruitment strategies are pivotal for informatics-based intervention trials success, particularly for people living with HIV (PLWH), where engagement can be challenging. Although informatics interventions are recognized for improving health outcomes, the effectiveness of their recruitment strategies remains unclear. We investigated the application of a social marketing framework in navigating the nuances of recruitment for informatics-based intervention trials for PLWH by examining participant experiences and perceptions. We used qualitative descriptive methodology to conduct semi-structured interviews with 90 research participants from four informatics-based intervention trials. Directed inductive and deductive content analyses were guided by Howcutt et al.'s social marketing framework on applying the decision-making process to research recruitment. The majority were male (86.7%), living in the Northeast United States (56%), and identified as Black (32%) or White (32%). Most participants (60%) completed the interview remotely. Sixteen subthemes emerged from five themes: motivation, perception, attitude formation, integration, and learning. Findings from our interview data suggest that concepts from Howcutt et al.'s framework informed participants' decisions to participate in an informatics-based intervention trial. We found that the participants' perceptions of trust in the research process were integral to the participants across the four trials. However, the recruitment approach and communication medium preferences varied between older and younger age groups. Social marketing framework can provide insight into improving the research recruitment process. Future work should delve into the complex interplay between the type of informatics-based interventions, trust in the research process, and communication preferences, and how these factors collectively influence participants' willingness to engage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betina Idnay
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Evette Cordoba
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Eugenia Xiao
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivia R Wood
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Scott Batey
- School of Social Work, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Robert Garofalo
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca Schnall
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Richardson TN, Reis P, Swanson M. Mental Health and Feeding Styles in Parents of Formula-Fed Infants. Child Obes 2024; 20:178-187. [PMID: 37130301 PMCID: PMC10979682 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nonresponsive feeding styles can contribute to rapid weight gain in infancy and subsequent obesity in childhood. There is a need to investigate factors such as parental mental health symptoms (stress, depression, and anxiety) that may contribute to nonresponsive feeding styles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental mental health symptoms and feeding styles in parents of healthy, term formula-fed infants during the first year of life. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was employed using online surveys. We recruited participants through Facebook groups and pediatricians' offices. Instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale-10, Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression Module-9, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, and Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire. Results: Participants were 306 parents of formula-fed infants. Greater depressive symptoms was the strongest predictor of the pressuring style (β = 0.54), while greater symptoms of stress (β = -0.13) and anxiety (β = -0.28) were associated with lower pressuring scores. Greater depressive symptoms was the strongest predictor of the laissez-faire style (β = 0.48), while greater symptoms of stress (β = -0.17) and anxiety (β = -0.23) were associated with lower laissez-faire scores. Engaging in ≤50% of the infant's feeds was the strongest control variable predictor for the pressuring and laissez-faire styles. None of the mental health variables were significantly related to the restrictive style. Conclusions: We recommend increased screening for depressive symptoms in parents of infants and responsive feeding support, especially for those experiencing depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Reis
- College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Mel Swanson
- College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Padula CB, Ball S, Wyman MF, Evans K, Grant H, Periyakoil VS, Zhu CW, Yaffe K, Huang GD. INviting Veterans InTo Enrollment in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (INVITE-ADRC): An NIA and VA-sponsored initiative to increase veteran participation in aging and dementia research. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3088-3098. [PMID: 38348782 PMCID: PMC11032542 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older military veterans often present with unique and complex risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Increasing veteran participation in research studies offers one avenue to advance the field and improve health outcomes. METHODS To this end, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) partnered to build infrastructure, improve collaboration, and intensify targeted recruitment of veterans. This initiative, INviting Veterans InTo Enrollment in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (INVITE-ADRC), provided funding for five sites and cross-site organizing structure. Diverse and innovative recruitment strategies were used. RESULTS Across five sites, 172 veterans entered registries, and 99 were enrolled into ADRC studies. Of the enrolled, 39 were veterans from historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS This initiative laid the groundwork to establish sustainable relationships between the VA and ADRCs. The partnership between both federal agencies demonstrates how mutual interests can accelerate progress. In turn, efforts can help our aging veterans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia B. Padula
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System & Stanford University ADRCPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sherry Ball
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System HSR&DClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Mary F. Wyman
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital & University of Wisconsin ADRCMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Kirsten Evans
- James J. Peters VAMC & Mount Sinai ADRCBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Harli Grant
- University of California, San Francisco, ADRC & VA San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Kristine Yaffe
- University of California, San Francisco, ADRC & VA San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Grant D. Huang
- Office of Research and Development, US Department of Veterans AffairsWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Garrett C, Qiao S, Tam CC, Li X. Low-Cost Recruitment Approach: Utilizing Facebook Groups to Recruit COVID-19 Long-Haulers. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4078924. [PMID: 38586017 PMCID: PMC10996785 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4078924/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The accessibility of social media (e.g., Facebook groups) presents long-haulers with the ability to connect with others with similar experiences and symptomology that are likely outside of their physical social networks. Social media sites may serve as promising platforms for research recruitment, public health campaigns, or interventions. The present study aims to assess, and comprehensively present, the effectiveness of a low-cost approach to recruitment through groups on Facebook within the context of a broader study of COVID-19 long-haulers. Methods Facebook groups were searched using a variety of COVID-related terminology and included if they were in English, COVID-19 specific, public, and have or were approaching 1,000 or more members. Group administrators were either contacted for permission to post recruitment materials or posts were made and left pending administrator approval, depending on group settings. Group members were able to follow a link to the online survey platform (i.e., RedCap) where they provided informed consent and completed an online assessment of their COVID-19 experiences and psychosocial wellbeing. Upon survey completion participants were able to opt-in to a raffle-based incentive. The characteristics of the Facebook groups and demographic background of participants were assessed. Findings Contacting administrators and posts made between January and March of 2022 within 17 COVID-19 specific groups yielded a sample size of 460 long-haulers. The groups relied upon for recruitment had a mean size of 21,022 (SD=45,645.3), most had three or more administrators (43%), and a majority were state specific (60%). The long-hauler participants enrolled from the posts had an average age of 32 years (SD=6.19), approximately split between men (48.91%) and women (50.22%), a majority white (70%), having earned a bachelor's or postgraduate degree (63.48%), and reporting an annual income between $50,000 and $100,000 (56.09%). Discussion The present study presents strengths and recommendations for survey recruitment through Facebook groups as a low-cost recruitment strategy that is easily targeted to populations with a specific health condition and allows users to complete online psycho-behavioral assessments off-site on a HIPPA compliant survey platform.
Collapse
|
8
|
Weisblum M, Trussell E, Schwinn T, Pacheco AR, Nurkin P. Screening and Retaining Adolescents Recruited Through Social Media: Secondary Analysis from a Longitudinal Clinical Trial. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e47984. [PMID: 38416559 PMCID: PMC10938224 DOI: 10.2196/47984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media has become a popular method to recruit participants, particularly for studies with hard-to-reach populations. These studies still face challenges in data quality and, for longitudinal studies, sample retention. However, in addition to aiding in recruitment, social media platforms can help researchers with participant verification and tracking procedures during the study. There is limited previous research describing how longitudinal studies can use social media to screen and retain participants. OBJECTIVE This paper describes strategies implemented to screen and retain a nationwide sample of sexual minority youth who were recruited through social media platforms for a longitudinal study testing a drug abuse prevention program. METHODS Our screening strategies for participants included collecting necessary demographic information (name, phone, email, and social media accounts), verifying this information using publicly available web-based records, and sending confirmation emails to ensure working email addresses and correct dates of birth. Retention strategies included communications designed to develop positive participant relationships, incentives for survey completion, regular updating of participant contact information, targeting hard-to-reach participants, and using social media as an alternative means of contacting participants. RESULTS During enrollment, although the only demographic data required were a phone number and an email address, 87.58% (1065/1216) of participants provided their Instagram as an alternative means of contact. This form of alternative communication remains the most preferred with 87.40% (1047/1198) of participants continuing to provide an Instagram username as of January 2023, about 3 years after recruitment began. In comparison, other alternative means of contact (eg, Facebook and alternative email) were provided by only 6.43% (77/1198) to 56.18% (673/1198) of participants. Direct messaging on Instagram was used to successfully confirm participant identity, remind participants to take annual follow-up surveys, and update lost participant contact information. Screening and retention strategies used in the study have helped achieve 96.30% (1171/1216) to 96.79% (1177/1216) sample retention across 3 waves of data collection. CONCLUSIONS Though social media can be a helpful tool to recruit participants, attrition and participant authenticity difficulties may be associated with this method. Screening and retention strategies can be implemented to improve retention. Internet searches are effective for screening youth to ensure they meet eligibility requirements. Additionally, social media-Instagram in this study-can help to track and locate participants who do not respond to traditional contact methods. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03954535; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03954535.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Weisblum
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Emma Trussell
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Traci Schwinn
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrea R Pacheco
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, International Center of Excellence in Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Paige Nurkin
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baldofski S, Klemm SL, Kohls E, Mueller SME, Bauer S, Becker K, Diestelkamp S, Eschenbeck H, Hiery A, Kaess M, Koenig J, Lehner L, Moessner M, Thomasius R, Rummel-Kluge C. Reasons for non-participation of children and adolescents in a large-scale school-based mental health project. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1294862. [PMID: 38259782 PMCID: PMC10800647 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1294862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-participation in mental health studies is an under-explored but very important topic. Investigating reasons for non-participation holds promise for the planning of future study designs and recruitment strategies. This study aimed at investigating reasons for children and adolescents (C&A) not participating in a school-based mental health research project. Methods Data collection took place within the school-based recruitment of a large-scale multi-site project ("ProHEAD-Promoting Help-seeking using E-technology for Adolescents") in Germany. Participants were N = 534 C&A aged ≥ 12 years attending secondary schools. The present cross-sectional study analyzed anonymous survey data of C&A who themselves or whose parents, respectively, did not provide written consent to participate in the mental health research project. The questionnaire consisted of 14 items covering potential reasons for non-participation, and four free text fields. Besides descriptive statistics, free text field answers were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Students indicated an average of M = 2.94 (SD = 1.75) reasons for their non-participation in the project. In the descriptive analysis of indicated items, the three most frequently reported reasons for non-participation included students reporting to not be concerned by the topic "mental health" (n = 290, 54.3%), not having returned the consent form to the teacher (n = 175, 32.8%), and not having time for participation (n = 149, 27.9%). In the qualitative content analysis, the most frequently assigned categories were organizational reasons (n = 216, 57.1%), general disinterest in study participation (n = 139, 36.8%), and personal attitudes toward the topic "mental health" (n = 84, 22.2%), such as not being concerned with the topic "mental health" (n = 23, 6.1%) or being too concerned with the topic "mental health" (n = 16, 4.2%). Conclusion The study provides unique insights into reasons for C&A and their caregivers not participating in a large federally funded mental health research project. The results suggest that in order to increase participation rates, stigma should be reduced, parents as well as teachers should be involved where possible, and the use of incentives might be helpful. The study highlights the importance of assessing reasons for non-participation, especially in online intervention studies on mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Baldofski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah-Lena Klemm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophia M. E. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bauer
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University and University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silke Diestelkamp
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heike Eschenbeck
- Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Alisa Hiery
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University and University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kaess
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Koenig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laya Lehner
- Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology, University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Markus Moessner
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Thomasius
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine Rummel-Kluge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Daniels AM, Law JK, Green Snyder L, Diehl K, Goin-Kochel RP, Feliciano P, Chung WK. Effectiveness of multimodal participant recruitment in SPARK, a large, online longitudinal research study of autism. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 8:e64. [PMID: 38655455 PMCID: PMC11036434 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background SPARK launched in 2016 to build a US cohort of autistic individuals and their family members. Enrollment includes online consent to share data and optional consent to provide saliva for genomic analysis. SPARK's recruitment strategies include social media and support of a nation-wide network of clinical sites. This study evaluates SPARK's recruitment strategies to enroll a core study population. Methods Individuals who joined between January 31, 2018, and May 29, 2019 were included in the analysis. Data include sociodemographic characteristics, clinical site referral, the website URL used to join, how the participant heard about SPARK, enrollment completion (online registration, study consents, and returning saliva sample), and completion of the baseline questionnaire. Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the odds of core participant status (completing enrollment and baseline questionnaire) by recruitment strategy. Results In total, 31,715 individuals joined during the study period, including 40% through a clinical site. Overall, 88% completed online registration, 46% returned saliva, and 38% were core participants. Those referred by a clinical site were almost twice as likely to be core participants. Those who directly visited the SPARK website or performed a Google search were more likely to be core participants than those who joined through social media. Discussion Being a core participant may be associated with the "personal" connection and support provided by a clinical site and/or site staff, as well as greater motivation to seek research opportunities. Findings from this study underscore the value of adopting a multimodal recruitment approach that combines social media and a physical presence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Kiely Law
- Simons Foundation, New York, NY,
USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore,
MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA,
USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Smith MVA, Grohmann D, Trivedi D. Use of social media in recruiting young people to mental health research: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075290. [PMID: 38016791 PMCID: PMC10685975 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review explored the literature on the use of social media in recruiting young people, aged 13-18 years, to mental health research. It aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and strategies to improve participation in future research. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Articles published between January 2011 and February 2023 were searched for on PubMed, Scopus, Medline (via EBSCOhost) and Cochrane Library databases. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies that outlined social media as a recruitment method and recruited participants aged 13-18 years. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data was extracted by two reviewers independently and cross-checked by a third reviewer. Data on study design, aims, participants, recruitment methods and findings related specifically to social media as a recruitment tool were collected. RESULTS 24 journal articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were predominantly surveys (n=13) conducted in the USA (n=16) recruiting via Facebook (n=16) and/or Instagram (n=14). Only nine of the included articles provided a summary of success and reviewed the efficacy of social media recruitment for young people in mental health research. Type of advertisement, the language used, time of day and the use of keywords were all found to be factors that may influence the success of recruitment through social media; however, as these are based on findings from a small number of studies, such potential influences require further investigation. CONCLUSION Social media recruitment can be a successful method for recruiting young people to mental health research. Further research is needed into recruiting socioeconomically marginalised groups using this method, as well as the effectiveness of new social media platforms. REGISTRATION Open Science Framework Registry (https://osf.io/mak75/).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan V A Smith
- Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Daksha Trivedi
- Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kohl F, Angerer P, Weber J. Determinants of the intention to seek psychotherapeutic consultation at work - a cross-sectional study in Germany. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1945. [PMID: 37805517 PMCID: PMC10559521 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotherapeutic consultation at work (PT-A) provides employees with mental illnesses or subclinical symptoms a short-term and low-threshold access to psychotherapeutic care. However, practical experience shows that the utilisation rate seems low compared to expected demand. Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of utilisation by exploring associations between sociodemographic characteristics, psychological well-being, stigma-related barriers and psychosocial safety climate and the intention to seek PT-A. METHODS Within a cross-sectional study, 658 participants were recruited via various social media channels in Germany. Participants answered an online questionnaire on potential determinants of (1) intention to seek PT-A in general and of intention to seek PT-A to specifically discuss (2) occupational burden and (3) private burden. Multiple ordinal regression analyses were conducted for the whole study sample and for the subgroups of participants screened positive and negative for current depression. RESULTS Lower stigma-related barriers were associated with higher general intention to seek PT-A among all study groups. Lower psychological well-being was associated with higher general intention to seek PT-A and with higher intention to seek PT-A to discuss occupational and private burden, but only so in the subgroup of employees who were screened negative for current depression. Treatment experience was associated with higher intention to seek PT-A for occupational burden among participants screened negative but not among participants screened positive for current depression. No associations were found between age, gender, education or psychosocial safety climate and any variable of intention to seek PT-A. CONCLUSION Those results give an overview on potential determinants for the intention to seek PT-A, but future research with longitudinal designs is needed to confirm that those factors also determine actual utilisation of PT-A. Based on the results, practical implications might include antistigma campaigns and promotion of PT-A adapted to the aims of the consultation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Kohl
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jeannette Weber
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wagner N, Perkins E, Rodriguez Y, Ordway C, Flum M, Hernandez-Pena L, Perelstein P, Sem K, Paz Y, Plate R, Popoola A, Lynch S, Astone K, Goldstein E, Njoroge WFM, Raine A, Pincus D, Pérez-Edgar K, Waller R. Promoting Empathy and Affiliation in Relationships (PEAR) study: protocol for a longitudinal study investigating the development of early childhood callous-unemotional traits. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072742. [PMID: 37802613 PMCID: PMC10565261 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with callous-unemotional (CU) traits are at high lifetime risk of antisocial behaviour. Low affiliation (ie, social bonding difficulties) and fearlessness (ie, low threat sensitivity) are proposed risk factors for CU traits. Parenting practices (eg, harshness and low warmth) also predict risk for CU traits. However, few studies in early childhood have identified attentional or physiological markers of low affiliation and fearlessness. Moreover, no studies have tested whether parenting practices are underpinned by low affiliation or fearlessness shared by parents, which could further shape parent-child interactions and exacerbate risk for CU traits. Addressing these questions will inform knowledge of how CU traits develop and isolate novel parent and child targets for future specialised treatments for CU traits. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Promoting Empathy and Affiliation in Relationships (PEAR) study aims to establish risk factors for CU traits in children aged 3-6 years. The PEAR study will recruit 500 parent-child dyads from two metropolitan areas of the USA. Parents and children will complete questionnaires, computer tasks and observational assessments, alongside collection of eye-tracking and physiological data, when children are aged 3-4 (time 1) and 5-6 (time 2) years. The moderating roles of child sex, race and ethnicity, family and neighbourhood disadvantage, and parental psychopathology will also be assessed. Study aims will be addressed using structural equation modelling, which will allow for flexible characterisation of low affiliation, fearlessness and parenting practices as risk factors for CU traits across multiple domains. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was granted by Boston University (#6158E) and the University of Pennsylvania (#850638). Results will be disseminated through conferences and open-access publications. All study and task materials will be made freely available on lab websites and through the Open Science Framework (OSF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Wagner
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily Perkins
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuheiry Rodriguez
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cora Ordway
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michaela Flum
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lucia Hernandez-Pena
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Polina Perelstein
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathy Sem
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yael Paz
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rista Plate
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ayomide Popoola
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah Lynch
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristina Astone
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ethan Goldstein
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wanjikũ F M Njoroge
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adriane Raine
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Donna Pincus
- Department of Brain & Psychological Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Idnay B, Fang Y, Butler A, Moran J, Li Z, Lee J, Ta C, Liu C, Yuan C, Chen H, Stanley E, Hripcsak G, Larson E, Marder K, Chung W, Ruotolo B, Weng C. Uncovering key clinical trial features influencing recruitment. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e199. [PMID: 37830010 PMCID: PMC10565197 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Randomized clinical trials (RCT) are the foundation for medical advances, but participant recruitment remains a persistent barrier to their success. This retrospective data analysis aims to (1) identify clinical trial features associated with successful participant recruitment measured by accrual percentage and (2) compare the characteristics of the RCTs by assessing the most and least successful recruitment, which are indicated by varying thresholds of accrual percentage such as ≥ 90% vs ≤ 10%, ≥ 80% vs ≤ 20%, and ≥ 70% vs ≤ 30%. Methods Data from the internal research registry at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Aggregated Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov were collected for 393 randomized interventional treatment studies closed to further enrollment. We compared two regularized linear regression and six tree-based machine learning models for accrual percentage (i.e., reported accrual to date divided by the target accrual) prediction. The outperforming model and Tree SHapley Additive exPlanations were used for feature importance analysis for participant recruitment. The identified features were compared between the two subgroups. Results CatBoost regressor outperformed the others. Key features positively associated with recruitment success, as measured by accrual percentage, include government funding and compensation. Meanwhile, cancer research and non-conventional recruitment methods (e.g., websites) are negatively associated with recruitment success. Statistically significant subgroup differences (corrected p-value < .05) were found in 15 of the top 30 most important features. Conclusion This multi-source retrospective study highlighted key features influencing RCT participant recruitment, offering actionable steps for improvement, including flexible recruitment infrastructure and appropriate participant compensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betina Idnay
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yilu Fang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Butler
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joyce Moran
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ziran Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junghwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Casey Ta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chi Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huanyao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward Stanley
- Compliance Applications, Information Technology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Larson
- School of Nursing, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brenda Ruotolo
- Institutional Review Board for Human Subjects Research, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lang S, Day K, Gallaher E, Jebeile H, Collins CE, Baur LA, Truby H. Participant recruitment for paediatric research using social media: A practical 'how-to' guide for researchers. Nutr Diet 2023; 80:338-350. [PMID: 37154014 PMCID: PMC10952907 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Social media platforms are being increasingly used to support participant recruitment into paediatric health-related research. This study aimed to develop a multi-phase approach for using social media as a recruitment strategy for paediatric research studies. METHODS The process was informed by the authors' prior experiences recruiting for paediatric obesity-related research studies, expertise in social media marketing and digital participant/ patient recruitment. Reflection on these experiences resulted in the iterative creation of a draft process which was further refined. A narrative literature review using a structured search was conducted to refine and augment the content and finalise the process. RESULTS A six-phase recruitment approach was developed that includes: (i) plan for social media use as a recruitment strategy, (ii) explore relevant ethical considerations to protect the wellbeing of potentially vulnerable groups and create an ethical management plan, (iii) identify and understand the different target audiences and develop the advertising strategy, (iv) develop and design campaign content, (v) implement, monitor and iteratively refine the recruitment campaign, (vi) evaluate the campaign success. Potential activities and key considerations relevant for paediatric research are presented within each phase. CONCLUSION Due to the widespread use and diverse characteristics of social media users, social media has the potential to disseminate details of research opportunities to community members who may otherwise not hear about, engage with, and potentially benefit from research participation. Researchers should collaborate with communication experts and target audiences to generate relevant and effective recruitment campaigns. Researchers should implement processes to protect vulnerable audiences' wellbeing at each stage of the process. Recruitment via social media may support wider community participation in research studies designed to improve young people's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityNotting HillAustralia
| | - Kaitlin Day
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityNotting HillAustralia
- School of Agriculture and FoodFaculty of Science, University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | - Hiba Jebeile
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyWestmeadAustralia
- The Children's Hospital at WestmeadInstitute of Endocrinology and DiabetesWestmeadAustralia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleAustralia
- Food and Nutrition Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteRankin ParkAustralia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyWestmeadAustralia
- Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Helen Truby
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lutz J, Pratap A, Lenze EJ, Bestha D, Lipschitz JM, Karantzoulis S, Vaidyanathan U, Robin J, Horan W, Brannan S, Mittoux A, Davis MC, Lakhan SE, Keefe R. Innovative Technologies in CNS Trials: Promises and Pitfalls for Recruitment, Retention, and Representativeness. INNOVATIONS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 20:40-46. [PMID: 37817816 PMCID: PMC10561984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Recruitment of a sufficiently large and representative patient sample and its retention during central nervous system (CNS) trials presents major challenges for study sponsors. Technological advances are reshaping clinical trial operations to meet these challenges, and the COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated this development. Method of Research The International Society for CNS Clinical Trials and Methodology (ISCTM; www.isctm.org) Innovative Technologies for CNS Trials Working Group surveyed the state of technological innovations for improved recruitment and retention and assessed their promises and pitfalls. Results Online advertisement and electronic patient registries can enhance recruitment, but challenges with sample representativeness, conversion rates from eligible prescreening to enrolled patients, data privacy and security, and patient identification remain hurdles for optimal use of these technologies. Electronic medical records (EMR) mining with artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) methods is promising but awaits translation into trials. During the study treatment phase, technological innovations increasingly support participant retention, including adherence with the investigational treatment. Digital tools for adherence and retention support take many forms, including patient-centric communication channels between researchers and participants, real-time study reminders, and digital behavioral interventions to increase study compliance. However, such tools add technical complexities to trials, and their impact on the generalizability of results are largely unknown. Conclusion Overall, the group found a scarcity of systematic data directly assessing the impact of technological innovations on study recruitment and retention in CNS trials, even for strategies with already high adoption, such as online recruitment. Given the added complexity and costs associated with most technological innovations, such data is needed to fully harness technologies for CNS trials and drive further adoption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Lutz
- Dr. Lutz was with Medical Office, Click Therapeutics, Inc. in New York, New York, at the time of writing; she is now with Biogen Digital Health in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Boston University School of Medicine in Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Abhishek Pratap
- Dr. Pratap was with Center for Addiction & Mental Health in Toronto, Canada, at the time of writing; he is now with Boehringer Ingelheim in Ridgefield, Connecticut; King's College London in London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington in Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Dr. Lenze is with Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Durga Bestha
- Dr. Bestha is with Atrium Health in Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Lipschitz
- Dr. Lipschitz is with Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Uma Vaidyanathan
- Dr. Vaidyanathan was with Boehringer Ingelheim in Ridgefield, Connecticut, at the time of writing; she is now with Sublimus in Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Jessica Robin
- Dr. Robin is with Winterlight Labs, Inc. in Toronto, Canada
| | - William Horan
- Dr. Horan was with WCG VeraSci in Durham, North Carolina, at the time of writing; he is now with Karuna Therapeutics in Boston, Massachusetts, and University of California in Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephen Brannan
- Dr. Brannan is with Karuna Therapeutics in Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Shaheen E Lakhan
- Dr. Lakhan is with Medical Office, Click Therapeutics, Inc. in New York, New York, and School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Richard Keefe
- Dr. Keefe is with Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanusi IA, Arisoyin AE, Aruoture S, Folorunsho IL, Okereke OP, Adeyemo DA, Salawu MA, Okobi OE, Gupta A, Akunne HS, Patel R, Emmanuel O, Ezeudemba NC. Exploring the Prevalence and Factors Influencing Clinical Trial Awareness in US Adults with Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety. Cureus 2023; 15:e40780. [PMID: 37485134 PMCID: PMC10362504 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lack of clinical trial awareness is a crucial barrier to clinical trial enrollment. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with clinical trial awareness among US adults with self-reported depression and anxiety. METHODS Data were collected from 896 adults who self-reported depression and anxiety from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to assess predictors of clinical trial awareness, particularly socio-demographic, health-related, and technological variables. Odds ratios (OR) for the associations were reported. RESULTS About 60.4% of adults with self-reported depression or anxiety reported being aware of clinical trials. In the multivariable regression, education level, health-related social media use, and having access to a regular provider were all significantly associated with greater odds of clinical trial awareness among individuals with depression and/or anxiety. Specifically, individuals with at least some college education (OR 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.28-3.34; p = 0.004) were more likely to report awareness of clinical trials than those with less than a college education. Similarly, compared to those without access to health providers, individuals with depression and/or anxiety who had a regular provider had greater odds of clinical trial awareness (OR 2.23, 95% CI; 1.16-4.31; p = 0.017). Additionally, those who reported two or more health-related uses of social media were significantly more likely to report clinical trial awareness than their counterparts who reported no health-related social media use (OR 3.17, 95% CI; 1.48-6.80; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our study shows that about six in 10 adults with depression and anxiety in the United States were aware of clinical trials. However, some sub-groups of patients, particularly those without access to a regular health provider, those with a lower education level, and those with limited use of social media for health purposes, remain inadequately informed and may lack awareness of available clinical trials. These findings are crucial and identify subgroups of people with mental disorders that may benefit from targeted interventions to improve clinical trial awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaw Aruoture
- Psychiatry, Behavioral Hospital Of Bellaire, Houston, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mujeeb A Salawu
- Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin College of Health Sciences, Ilorin, NGA
- Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Houston Health Department, Houston, USA
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | - Akash Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Spartan Health Sciences University, Vieux Fort, LCA
| | | | - Radhey Patel
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, CUW
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Goldman N, Willem T, Buyx A, Zimmermann BM. Practical Benefits, Challenges, and Recommendations on Social Media Recruitment: Multi-Stakeholder Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44587. [PMID: 37213177 DOI: 10.2196/44587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing use of social media opens new opportunities for recruiting patients for research studies. However, systematic evaluations indicate that the success of social media recruitment in terms of cost-effectiveness and representativeness depends on the type of study and its purpose. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the practical benefits and challenges of recruiting study participants with social media in the context of clinical and nonclinical studies and provide a summary of expert advice on how to conduct social media-based recruitment. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with 6 patients with hepatitis B who use social media and 30 experts from the following disciplines: (1) social media researchers or social scientists, (2) practical experts for social media recruitment, (3) legal experts, (4) ethics committee members, and (5) clinical researchers. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We found diverging expert opinions regarding the challenges and benefits of social media recruitment for research studies in four domains: (1) resources needed, (2) representativeness, (3) web-based community building, and (4) privacy considerations. Moreover, the interviewed experts provided practical advice on how to promote a research study via social media. CONCLUSIONS Even though recruitment strategies should always be sensitive to individual study contexts, a multiplatform approach (recruiting via several different social media platforms) with mixed-methods recruitment (web-based and offline recruitment channels) is the most beneficial recruitment strategy for many research studies. The different recruitment methods complement each other and may contribute to improving the reach of the study, the recruitment accrual, and the representativeness of the sample. However, it is important to assess the context- and project-specific appropriateness and usefulness of social media recruitment before designing the recruitment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Goldman
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Willem
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alena Buyx
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina M Zimmermann
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huckvale K, Hoon L, Stech E, Newby JM, Zheng WY, Han J, Vasa R, Gupta S, Barnett S, Senadeera M, Cameron S, Kurniawan S, Agarwal A, Kupper JF, Asbury J, Willie D, Grant A, Cutler H, Parkinson B, Ahumada-Canale A, Beames JR, Logothetis R, Bautista M, Rosenberg J, Shvetcov A, Quinn T, Mackinnon A, Rana S, Tran T, Rosenbaum S, Mouzakis K, Werner-Seidler A, Whitton A, Venkatesh S, Christensen H. Protocol for a bandit-based response adaptive trial to evaluate the effectiveness of brief self-guided digital interventions for reducing psychological distress in university students: the Vibe Up study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066249. [PMID: 37116996 PMCID: PMC10151864 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Meta-analytical evidence confirms a range of interventions, including mindfulness, physical activity and sleep hygiene, can reduce psychological distress in university students. However, it is unclear which intervention is most effective. Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven adaptive trials may be an efficient method to determine what works best and for whom. The primary purpose of the study is to rank the effectiveness of mindfulness, physical activity, sleep hygiene and an active control on reducing distress, using a multiarm contextual bandit-based AI-adaptive trial method. Furthermore, the study will explore which interventions have the largest effect for students with different levels of baseline distress severity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Vibe Up study is a pragmatically oriented, decentralised AI-adaptive group sequential randomised controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of one of three brief, 2-week digital self-guided interventions (mindfulness, physical activity or sleep hygiene) or active control (ecological momentary assessment) in reducing self-reported psychological distress in Australian university students. The adaptive trial methodology involves up to 12 sequential mini-trials that allow for the optimisation of allocation ratios. The primary outcome is change in psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, 21-item version, DASS-21 total score) from preintervention to postintervention. Secondary outcomes include change in physical activity, sleep quality and mindfulness from preintervention to postintervention. Planned contrasts will compare the four groups (ie, the three intervention and control) using self-reported psychological distress at prespecified time points for interim analyses. The study aims to determine the best performing intervention, as well as ranking of other interventions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was sought and obtained from the UNSW Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC A, HC200466). A trial protocol adhering to the requirements of the Guideline for Good Clinical Practice was prepared for and approved by the Sponsor, UNSW Sydney (Protocol number: HC200466_CTP). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621001223820.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit Huckvale
- Centre for Digital Transformation of Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leonard Hoon
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eileen Stech
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jill M Newby
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wu Yi Zheng
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jin Han
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rajesh Vasa
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sunil Gupta
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Barnett
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Manisha Senadeera
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart Cameron
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefanus Kurniawan
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Akash Agarwal
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joost Funke Kupper
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua Asbury
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Willie
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alasdair Grant
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henry Cutler
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bonny Parkinson
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Joanne R Beames
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rena Logothetis
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marya Bautista
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jodie Rosenberg
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Artur Shvetcov
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas Quinn
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Mackinnon
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Santu Rana
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Truyen Tran
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kon Mouzakis
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Alexis Whitton
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Svetha Venkatesh
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Christensen
- Black Dog Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
A systematic review of the available literature on the use of social media in brain tumor. GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE, MEMORY AND COMMUNICATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/gkmc-11-2022-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
The use of social media is one of the new technological options that has been recommended as a potential new strategy for delivering high-quality, high-value cancer prevention and management services. Despite the increasing use of social media, little research has been done on the use of social media in brain tumors. Therefore, this systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the use of social media in brain tumor research.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from inception to August 1, 2022. English full-text articles evaluating social media use, benefit or content in brain tumor were considered.
Findings
Sixteen documents satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Most of the included studies (n = 11/16) were conducted and published by researchers in the USA. In terms of social media platform, most studies focused on Twitter (8/16, 50%) and YouTube (8/16, 50%), followed by Facebook (6/16, 37.5%) and Instagram (4/16, 25%). Most studies (n = 7/12) analyzed the content of brain tumor information provided on social media, followed by patients’ use of social media (n = 3/12) and the quality of information on social media (n = 3/12). The other three articles also examined patient recruitment, crowdfunding and caregiver use of social media.
Practical implications
By identifying the use, benefits and content of social media platforms in different settings, patients, clinicians and policymakers can better benefit from harnessing the power of social media in different ways, leading to improved health-care services.
Originality/value
To the authors knowledge, this is the first study to systematically examine social media use, benefits and content status in brain tumors.
Collapse
|
21
|
Pellicane MJ, Brewster ME, Ciesla JA. Minority stress, repetitive negative thinking, and internalizing symptoms in sexual minorites: Does cognitive content matter? J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:1452-1466. [PMID: 36748640 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Psychological Mediation Framework theorizes that repetitive negative thinking (RNT) mediates the relationship between minority stress and mental health, and this theory has been consistently supported by previous research. Yet, it is unclear whether the process or content of RNT is more important in the development of internalizing symptoms in sexual minorities. Consequently, the goal of the current study was to use structural equation modeling to determine whether there are significant indirect effects of repetitive negative thought content in the relationship between minority stress and internalizing psychopathology. METHODS Measures of RNT, internalizing symptoms, and proximal minority stress were completed online by 205 cisgender sexual minority adults. Structural equation modeling was used to examine indirect effects of proximal stress on internalizing symptoms through content-independent RNT, depressive rumination, and sexual orientation-related rumination. RESULTS Significant direct effects of proximal minority stress on internalizing symptoms were observed. Indirect effects of proximal stress on internalizing symptoms were observed for content-independent RNT and depressive rumination, but not sexual orientation-related rumination. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides evidence that the process and affective valence of RNT contributes more to internalizing symptoms in sexual minorities when compared with sexual orientation-related content. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Pellicane
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.,Department of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melanie E Brewster
- Department of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Ciesla
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The InterFace of Social Media Recruitment and Nursing Education Research. COMPUTERS, INFORMATICS, NURSING : CIN 2023:00024665-990000000-00080. [PMID: 36634288 DOI: 10.1097/cin.0000000000001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study describes using social media in recruiting a large and hard-to-reach national sample of family nurse practitioner students in the United States enrolled in their final clinical course and the impact on survey response targets. Social media recruitment was initiated when sample targets were not met using traditional, direct email invitations. A cross-sectional, observational, complex-samples survey design was used to collect data from students enrolled in accredited programs. When inviting participants via emails to schools of nursing and program administrators was only moderately successful, direct recruitment via social media sites was used. Targeted study advertisements were shown 602 389 times to 77 410 unique Facebook users over 14 months. In the final sample of 3940 study participants, 46% (n = 1811) were recruited through social media. Survey responses for health education research are typically 50% or less of the target. Using Facebook was successful for recruiting a large, geographically disperse and representative student sample necessary to ensure findings were representative and generalizable. This recruitment strategy could be effectively used for a myriad of research in areas where social media use exists to gain access to participants who might otherwise not be accessible.
Collapse
|
23
|
Teo AR, Call AA, Hooker ER, Fong C, Karras E, Dobscha SK. Feasibility of recruitment and retention in a remote trial of gatekeeper training for close supports of military veterans: Mixed methods study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 30:100993. [PMID: 36159001 PMCID: PMC9489752 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background VA S.A.V.E. (Signs; Ask; Validate; Encourage/Expedite) is a gatekeeper training, designed to teach individuals how to identify and assist military veterans at risk for suicide. The aim of this pilot was to determine feasibility, barriers, and facilitators of recruitment and retention in a remote trial of VA S.A.V.E. Methods We recruited close supports (family and friends) of veterans through Facebook sponsored ads, automatically randomized them to VA S.A.V.E. or an unrelated video training, and followed them for six months. A subgroup completed interviews, and we used a mixed methods framework to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings. Results Of 214 participants, 61% were spouses or partners of veterans and 48% knew at least one veteran who had died by suicide. Of the three a priori feasibility benchmarks, two were achieved (enrollment, on average, of twenty participants per week and less than 50% loss to follow-up at the 6-month study endpoint) and one was not (enrollment of at least 50% of eligible individuals). There were three barriers (generic ads, ad text referring to "research," and Facebook as an ad platform) and five facilitators (audience segmentation focused on veterans' family members and friends, an urgent call to action to help a veteran, prior exposure to suicide, emphasizing the benefit of receiving training, and using a university as the campaign messenger) to study participation. Conclusion A fully remote trial of VA S.A.V.E. gatekeeper training was feasible in a population of close supports of veterans. Several strategies may further enhance study participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Teo
- VA Portland Health Care System, HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd (R&D 66), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd (Multnomah Pavilion, Room 2316), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| | - Aaron A. Call
- VA Portland Health Care System, HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd (R&D 66), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Hooker
- VA Portland Health Care System, HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd (R&D 66), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| | - Clarissa Fong
- Oregon Health & Science University, OHSU Brain Institute, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| | - Elizabeth Karras
- Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, 400 Fort Hill Ave, Canandaigua, NY, 14424, United States
| | - Steven K. Dobscha
- VA Portland Health Care System, HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd (R&D 66), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd (Multnomah Pavilion, Room 2316), Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Garrido‐Hernansaiz H. The use of online social media for the recruitment of people living with HIV in Spain and Latin America: Lessons from two studies. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e4065-e4073. [PMID: 35318765 PMCID: PMC10078670 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various barriers make recruiting a difficult task for researchers, especially when recruiting people living with HIV (PLWH) or conducting longitudinal studies. Effective recruitment is crucial to the validity of studies, and in this regard, social media can come to aid, although researchers usually rely on paid advertisements. This paper describes the free social media strategies used for participant recruitment in two studies carried out with PLWH in Spain and Latin America. Study 1 was a cross-sectional study on the validation of two stigma scales with a 1-month retest. Study 2 was a longitudinal study exploring the mental health of newly diagnosed PLWH, with a second assessment after 6 months. Facebook posts, Twitter mentions, and discussion forums were used in both studies. Study 2 also recruited participants through a healthcare centre. In Study 1, 5-month recruitment yielded a sample of 458 PLWH, averaging 91.6 surveys/month and a 43% retention rate. In study 2, recruitment took 16 months, yielding a final sample of 145 newly diagnosed PLWH, 92 from the healthcare centre (5.75 surveys/month) and 53 from social media (3.31 surveys/month), with 95% and 60% retention rates, respectively. Participants in Study 2 did not differ in sociodemographic characteristics by recruitment method, except for the region of origin and financial difficulty (more diverse origin and greater difficulty emerged in social media participants). Greater psychological distress and lower personal and social resources were also found in social media participants. These data indicate that free social media recruitment is a feasible and effective tool for the recruitment of Spanish-speaking PLWH, although it is best used in combination with traditional methods for newly diagnosed PLWH and longitudinal studies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hrincu V, An Z, Joseph K, Jiang YF, Robillard JM. Dementia Research on Facebook and Twitter: Current Practice and Challenges. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:447-459. [PMID: 36155513 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media is a powerful tool for engaging diverse audiences in dementia research. However, there is little data summarizing current content exchange in this context. OBJECTIVE To inform ethical dementia research engagement on social media, we characterized current practices by analyzing public social media posts. METHODS We retrieved Facebook (2-year period, N = 7,896) and Twitter (1-year period, N = 9,323) posts containing dementia research-related keywords using manual and machine learning-based search strategies. We performed qualitative and quantitative content and sentiment analyses on random samples (10%) of the posts. RESULTS Top Facebook users were advocacy (45%) and health organizations (25%). On Twitter, academics/researchers were the largest user group. Prevention was the most frequently coded theme (Facebook 30%; Twitter 26%), followed by treatment (Facebook 15%; Twitter 18%). Diagnostics had the highest Facebook engagement. Sharing knowledge was the primary form of content exchange (Facebook 63%; Twitter 80%). Most shared journal articles were peer-reviewed and open access. Emotional tone was overall more positive on Facebook. Justice was a prominent ethics topic regarding inequalities related to identity and intersecting modes of marginalization in dementia research. CONCLUSION The findings indicate the importance of social media as an engagement tool of current topics in health research and reveal areas of potential for increased engagement. These data can inform consensus-based best practices for ethical social media application in dementia research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Hrincu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zijian An
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Joseph
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yu Fei Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julie M Robillard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,BC Children's and Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in cataclysmic changes to the research enterprise, causing a forced shutdown or rapid pivot to virtual methods. Adapting studies to the virtual environment also impacted recruitment and retention strategies. This review elucidated challenges and offered pragmatic recommendations, drawing on published literature and our prior work, to assist researchers in re-evaluating and amending best-practice techniques to bolster inclusive recruitment and study engagement of people using substances, particularly for virtual interviews or focus groups. RECENT FINDINGS Ameliorating recruitment strategies and research protocols to better fit virtual methods of recruitment and study administration required careful consideration of ethical and logistical implications. Many procedures to increase enrollment of underrepresented populations, such as building mutually beneficial and respectful community partnerships, recruiting via social media, or providing ambulatory research centers, existed prior to this specific pandemic. However, unprecedented disruptions in resources needed to participate in virtual interviews or focus groups, privacy concerns, and possible deteriorating trust in research necessitated continued adaptation and expansion of these strategies. SUMMARY Building upon prepandemic, community-engaged strategies may continue to facilitate diverse recruitment efforts and advance science productivity in the substance use and addiction field during the pandemic and thereafter.
Collapse
|
27
|
Frizzo GB, Arteche AX, Yates DB, Sousa DAD, Mendonça Filho ED, Bazon MR, Silva MAD, Silva PSD, Mateus VLE, Marasca AR, Cauduro GN, Almeida ML, Bandeira DR. Challenges in Developmental Psychology Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PSICO-USF 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-82712034270313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic brought a series of restructurings necessary for research in Developmental Psychology. The aim of the manuscript is to discuss adaptations we made in our research in this context during the COVID-19 pandemic and to present strategies to adequate research protocols originally designed to occur in person. Although some contexts do not allow the continuity of studies, research at this time can bring essential contributions in this extreme period. This article explores the strategies for adapting recruitment procedures, suggesting dissemination platforms, and using social networks for this purpose. Guidelines are suggested for conducting non-face-to-face interviews with caregivers, ways of assessing the interaction of the mother-child pairs, and problematizing ethical issues. The procedures for returning the results, an ethical researcher commitment, may be improved by resources such as automatic reports. Besides, strategies for better dissemination of the results for the participants are suggested.
Collapse
|
28
|
Yuthok TYW, Sales C, Li SS, Li N, Connors K, Palaniappan L. Lifting the Digital Curtain: Utilizing Social Media to Promote Health Content and Engage with Asian Populations. JOURNAL OF ASIAN HEALTH 2022; 2:e202208. [PMID: 36381954 PMCID: PMC9642986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To understand how social media can be used to improve Asian subgroup engagement in a research registry. METHODS A 10-week social media campaign was implemented with the goal of increasing the percentage of Asian participants in the Stanford Research Registry - platforms utilized include Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter through the Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education accounts. Participant data was disaggregated by race and ethnicity in order to better understand the diversity among Asian subgroups. RESULTS The percentage of Asian participants increased from 14.3% at baseline to 23.8% at the end of the campaign (525 Asian identifying individuals to 1,871). The greatest increase occurred during the general outreach phase which utilized all channels of outreach available. Frequencies of some ethnicities, such as Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese, were higher in the Multi-Ethnic and/or Multi-Racial categories compared to their corresponding monoethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Social media is a powerful tool that can be leveraged for targeted recruitment - in this study we see how it can increase diversity amongst research participants and potentially be used as an effective tool for information dissemination. This work can be expanded in the future by examining other social media platforms more targeted toward Asian populations, and more thorough disaggregation to fully understand the diversity present in the Asian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tenzin Yeshi Wangdak Yuthok
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Chloe Sales
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Sally Shan Li
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Nina Li
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Katherine Connors
- Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Latha Palaniappan
- Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dol J, Aston M, McMillan D, Tomblin Murphy G, Campbell-Yeo M. Participants perceptions of Essential Coaching for Every Mother, a Canadian text-message postpartum program: Process evaluation of a randomized controlled trial (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e36821. [PMID: 35559855 PMCID: PMC9143775 DOI: 10.2196/36821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background “Essential Coaching for Every Mother” is a Canadian text message–based program that sends daily messages to mothers for 6 weeks after they give birth. There is a need to explore the program’s effectiveness in terms of the participants’ experience to guide refinement and modification. Objective This study aimed to describe the process evaluation of the Essential Coaching for Every Mother randomized controlled trial through an evaluation of the research implementation extent and quality. Methods Participants were recruited from Nova Scotia, Canada, between January 5 and August 1, 2021. Enrolled participants were randomized into the intervention or control group. Participants randomized to the intervention group received standard care along with the Essential Coaching for Every Mother program’s text messages related to newborn and maternal care for the first 6 weeks after giving birth, while the control group received standard care. Usage data were collected from the SMS text message program used, and participants completed web-based questionnaires at 6 weeks after birth. Quantitative data and qualitative responses to open-ended questions were used to triangulate findings. Quantitative data were summarized using means, SDs, and percentages, as appropriate, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Of the 295 unique initial contacts, 150 mothers were eligible and completed the baseline survey to be enrolled in the study (intervention, n=78; control, n=72). Of those randomized into the intervention group, 75 (96%) completed the 6-week follow-up survey to provide feedback on the program. In total, 48 (62%) intervention participants received all messages as designed in the Essential Coaching for Every Mother program, with participants who enrolled late missing on average 4.7 (range 1-12) messages. Intervention participants reported an 89% satisfaction rate with the program, and 100% of participants would recommend the program to other new mothers. Participants liked how the program made them feel, the format, appropriate timing of messages, and content while disliking the frequency of messages and gaps in content. Participants also provided suggestions for future improvement. Conclusions Our process evaluation has provided a comprehensive understanding of interest in the program as well as identified preference for program components. The findings of this study will be used to update future iterations of the Essential Coaching for Every Mother program. Trial Registration ClincalTrials.gov NCT04730570; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04730570
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Dol
- Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Aston
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Douglas McMillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Marsha Campbell-Yeo
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kling J, Nordgreen T, Kvalem IL, Williamson H, Feragen KB. Recruiting hard-to-engage groups to online psychosocial interventions: Experiences from an RCT study targeting adolescents with a visible difference. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 24:100869. [PMID: 34877433 PMCID: PMC8628201 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Online interventions have the potential to reach individuals who are otherwise difficult to engage due to stigma and sensitive topics. However, these individuals also tend to be hard to recruit in clinical trials, a crucial step in order to provide evidence-based interventions. This highlights a need for more information about efficient recruitment strategies for difficult-to-engage groups. The present study aimed to share the systematised experiences of recruiting adolescents with a visible difference to an online psychosocial intervention RCT. With the intention to recruit 160 participants (age 12-17), recruitment efforts were nationwide and included multiple arenas (e.g., hospitals, schools, social media), and methods (e.g., in-consultation, targeted letters, posters). Ultimately, 102 participants were recruited, and results showed that recruitment involving patient organisations, hospital departments, and specialised resource centres were most successful in reaching participants. The most efficient recruitment strategy was targeted letters sent home to eligible patients/members, as 78% of the participants were recruited this way. Media and social media recruitment efforts yielded comparatively few participants. No participants were recruited through schools and educational health care services, primary health care services, or municipal and regional authorities. Our results are discussed in relation to barriers with recruiting difficult-to-engage groups to RCTs, providing useful recruitment tools to future similar studies. For instance, future studies are recommended to utilise targeted approaches over general population approaches. Also, results from recruitment efforts should routinely be reported, as this ultimately will provide more general strategies for effective recruitment and support studies in reaching recruitment goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Kling
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital HF, Norway
| | | | | | - Heidi Williamson
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Kristin B. Feragen
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital HF, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Heckman CJ, Riley M, Khavjou O, Ohman-Strickland P, Manne SL, Yaroch AL, Bhurosy T, Coups EJ, Glanz K. Cost, reach, and representativeness of recruitment efforts for an online skin cancer risk reduction intervention trial for young adults. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:1875-1884. [PMID: 34160622 PMCID: PMC8541696 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its increasing use, few studies have reported on demographic representativeness and costs of research recruitment via social media. It was hypothesized that cost, reach, enrollment, and demographic representativeness would differ by social media recruitment approach. Participants were 18-25 year-olds at moderate to high risk of skin cancer based on phenotypic and behavioral characteristics. Paid Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter ads, unpaid social media posts by study staff, and unpaid referrals were used to recruit participants. Demographic and other characteristics of the sample were compared with the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) sample. Analyses demonstrated significant differences among recruitment approaches regarding cost efficiency, study participation, and representativeness. Costs were compared across 4,274 individuals who completed eligibility screeners over a 7-month period from: Instagram, 44.6% (of the sample) = 1,907, $9 (per individual screened); Facebook, 31.5% = 1,345, $8; Twitter, 1% = 42, $178; unpaid posts by study staff, 10.6% and referred, 6.5%, $1. The lowest rates of study enrollment among individuals screened was for Twitter. Most demographic and skin cancer risk factors of study participants differed from those of the 2015 NHIS sample and across social media recruitment approaches. Considering recruitment costs and number of participants enrolled, Facebook and Instagram appeared to be the most useful approaches for recruiting 18-25 year-olds. Findings suggest that project budget, target population and representativeness, and participation goals should inform selection and/or combination of existing and emerging online recruitment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Riley
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Olga Khavjou
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Sharon L Manne
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Amy L Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Glanz
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kukafka R, Liu C, Le N, Angyan P, Finley JM. General Practice and Digital Methods to Recruit Stroke Survivors to a Clinical Mobility Study: Comparative Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e28923. [PMID: 34643544 PMCID: PMC8552096 DOI: 10.2196/28923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participant recruitment remains a barrier to conducting clinical research. The disabling nature of a stroke, which often includes functional and cognitive impairments, and the acute stage of illness at which patients are appropriate for many trials make recruiting patients particularly complex and challenging. In addition, people aged 65 years and older, which includes most stroke survivors, have been identified as a group that is difficult to reach and is commonly underrepresented in health research, particularly clinical trials. Digital media may provide effective tools to support enrollment efforts of stroke survivors in clinical trials. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of general practice (traditional) and digital (online) methods of recruiting stroke survivors to a clinical mobility study. METHODS Recruitment for a clinical mobility study began in July 2018. Eligible study participants included individuals 18 years and older who had a single stroke and were currently ambulatory in the community. General recruiting practice included calling individuals listed in a stroke registry, contacting local physical therapists, and placing study flyers throughout a university campus. Between May 21, 2019, and June 26, 2019, the study was also promoted digitally using the social network Facebook and the search engine marketing tool Google AdWords. The recruitment advertisements (ads) included a link to the study page to which users who clicked were referred. Primary outcomes of interest for both general practice and digital methods included recruitment speed (enrollment rate) and sample characteristics. The data were analyzed using the Lilliefors test, the Welch two-sample t test, and the Mann-Whitney test. Significance was set at P=.05. All statistical analyses were performed in MATLAB 2019b. RESULTS Our results indicate that digital recruitment methods can address recruitment challenges regarding stroke survivors. Digital recruitment methods allowed us to enroll study participants at a faster rate (1.8 participants/week) compared to using general practice methods (0.57 participants/week). Our findings also demonstrate that digital and general recruitment practices can achieve an equivalent level of sample representativeness. The characteristics of the enrolled stroke survivors did not differ significantly by age (P=.95) or clinical scores (P=.22; P=.82). Comparing the cost-effectiveness of Facebook and Google, we found that the use of Facebook resulted in a lower cost per click and cost per enrollee per ad. CONCLUSIONS Digital recruitment can be used to expedite participant recruitment of stroke survivors compared to more traditional recruitment practices, while also achieving equivalent sample representativeness. Both general practice and digital recruitment methods will be important to the successful recruitment of stroke survivors. Future studies could focus on testing the effectiveness of additional general practice and digital media approaches and include robust cost-effectiveness analyses. Examining the effectiveness of different messaging and visual approaches tailored to culturally diverse and underrepresented target subgroups could provide further data to move toward evidence-based recruitment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - NamQuyen Le
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Praveen Angyan
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James M Finley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kasson E, Vázquez MM, Doroshenko C, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Wilfley DE, Taylor CB, Cavazos-Rehg PA. Exploring Social Media Recruitment Strategies and Preliminary Acceptability of an mHealth Tool for Teens with Eating Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7979. [PMID: 34360270 PMCID: PMC8345665 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The current study leveraged social media to connect with teens with EDs to identify population specific characteristics and to gather feedback on an mHealth intervention. (2) Methods: We recruited teens with EDs from social media in two phases: (1) Discovery Group, (2) Testing Group. The Discovery Group (n = 14) participants were recruited from Facebook/Instagram and were asked to review the app for up to one week and provide qualitative feedback. After incorporating feedback from the Discovery Group, we refined our social media outreach methods to connect with 30 teens with EDs to pilot this mobile app. Recruitment from a variety of platforms on social media was successful, with the majority of enrolled participants in the Testing Group coming from Snapchat (60%) and a large percentage of participants belonging to gender and sexual minority groups (63%). (3) Results: Participants from both groups experienced extremely high rates of depression (100% Discovery, 90% Testing) and/or anxiety symptoms (100% Discovery, 93% Testing) in addition to ED symptoms, and noted this as a possible barrier to app engagement. (4) Conclusion: Use of social media for recruitment of teens with EDs is feasible and may connect with groups who may be more difficult to reach using traditional recruitment methods. Among the Discovery Group there was high acceptability of and interest in an app to support ED recovery, and characteristics of both groups demonstrated need for support in other mental health domains. Future studies should evaluate the preliminary efficacy of such tools among teens to determine the effects of such interventions on ED symptoms and other mental health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Kasson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.K.); (M.M.V.); (C.D.); (E.E.F.-C.)
| | - Melissa M. Vázquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.K.); (M.M.V.); (C.D.); (E.E.F.-C.)
| | - Christine Doroshenko
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.K.); (M.M.V.); (C.D.); (E.E.F.-C.)
| | - Ellen E. Fitzsimmons-Craft
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.K.); (M.M.V.); (C.D.); (E.E.F.-C.)
| | - Denise E. Wilfley
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - C. Barr Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Center for m2Health, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.K.); (M.M.V.); (C.D.); (E.E.F.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen J, Wang Y. Social Media Use for Health Purposes: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e17917. [PMID: 33978589 PMCID: PMC8156131 DOI: 10.2196/17917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media has been widely used for health-related purposes, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous reviews have summarized social media uses for a specific health purpose such as health interventions, health campaigns, medical education, and disease outbreak surveillance. The most recent comprehensive review of social media uses for health purposes, however, was conducted in 2013. A systematic review that covers various health purposes is needed to reveal the new usages and research gaps that emerge in recent years. Objective This study aimed to provide a systematic review of social media uses for health purposes that have been identified in previous studies. Methods The researchers searched for peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2006 and 2020 in 12 databases covering medicine, public health, and social science. After coding the articles in terms of publication year, journal area, country, method, social media platform, and social media use for health purposes, the researchers provided a review of social media use for health purposes identified in these articles. Results This study summarized 10 social media uses for various health purposes by health institutions, health researchers and practitioners, and the public. Conclusions Social media can be used for various health purposes. Several new usages have emerged since 2013 including advancing health research and practice, social mobilization, and facilitating offline health-related services and events. Research gaps exist regarding advancing strategic use of social media based on audience segmentation, evaluating the impact of social media in health interventions, understanding the impact of health identity development, and addressing privacy concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Chen
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bour C, Schmitz S, Ahne A, Perchoux C, Dessenne C, Fagherazzi G. Scoping review protocol on the use of social media for health research purposes. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e040671. [PMID: 33574143 PMCID: PMC7880087 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than one-third of the world population uses at least one form of social media. Since their advent in 2005, health-oriented research based on social media data has largely increased as discussions about health issues are broadly shared online and generate a large amount of health-related data. The objective of this scoping review is to provide an evidence map of the various uses of social media for health research purposes, their fields of applications and their analysis methods. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework (2005) as well as the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's manual. Relevant publications will be first searched on the PudMed/MEDLINE database and then on Web of Science. We will focus on literature published between January 2005 and April 2020. All articles related to the use of social media or networks for health-oriented research purposes will be included. A first search will be conducted with some keywords in order to identify relevant articles. After identifying the research strategy, a two-part study selection process will be systematically applied by two reviewers. The first part consists of screening titles and abstracts found, thanks to the search strategy, to define the eligibility of each article. In the second part, the full texts will be screened and only relevant articles will be kept. Data will finally be extracted, collated and charted to summarise all the relevant methods, outcomes and key findings in the articles. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This scoping review will provide an extensive overview of the use of social media for health research purposes. Opportunities as well as future ethical, methodological and technical challenges will also be discussed based on our findings to define a new research agenda. Results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charline Bour
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Susanne Schmitz
- Department of Population Health, Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Adrian Ahne
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France
- Epiconcept, Paris, France
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Coralie Dessenne
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|