1
|
Cakmak I, Rengel Z. Potassium may mitigate drought stress by increasing stem carbohydrates and their mobilization into grains. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154325. [PMID: 39142140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Potassium (K) deficiency occurs commonly in crop plants. Optimal K nutrition is particularly important when plants are exposed to stress conditions (especially drought and heat) because a cellular demand for K increases. Low K in plant tissues is known to aggravate the effects of drought stress by impairing the osmoregulation process and the photosynthetic carbon metabolism. However, despite numerous publications about the role of K in enhancing tolerance to drought stress in crop plants, our understanding of the major mechanisms underlying the stress-mitigating effects of K is still limited. This paper summarizes and appraises the current knowledge on the major protective effects of K under drought stress, and then proposes a new K-related drought stress-mitigating mechanism, whereby optimal K nutrition may promote partitioning of carbohydrates in stem tissues and subsequent mobilization of these carbohydrates into developing grain under drought stress. The importance of stem reserves of carbohydrates is based on limited photosynthetic capacity during the grain-filling period under drought conditions due to premature leaf senescence as well as due to impaired assimilate transport from leaves to the developing grains. Plants with a high capacity to store large amounts of soluble carbohydrates in stems before anthesis and mobilize them into grain post-anthesis have a high potential to yield well in dry and hot environments. In practice, particular attention needs to be paid to the K nutritional status of plants grown with limited water supply, especially during grain filling. Because K is the mineral nutrient deposited mainly in stem, a special consideration should be given to stems of crop plants in research dealing with the effects of K on yield formation and stress mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Cakmak
- Sabanci University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Zed Rengel
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar R, Mishra SK, Singh K, Al-Ashkar I, Iqbal MA, Muzamil MN, Habib ur Rahman M, El Sabagh A. Impact analysis of moisture stress on growth and yield of cotton using DSSAT-CROPGRO-cotton model under semi-arid climate. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16329. [PMID: 38025731 PMCID: PMC10640844 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate soil moisture around the root zone of the crops is essential for optimal plant growth and productivity throughout the crop season, whereas excessive as well as deficient moisture is usually detrimental. A field experiment was conducted on cotton (Gossipium hirsuttum) with three water regimes (viz. well-watered (control); rainfed after one post-sowing irrigation (1-POSI) and rainfed after two post-sowing irrigations (2-POSI)) in main plots and application of eight osmoprotectants in sub plots of Split plot design to quantify the loss of seed cotton yield (SCY) under high and mild moisture stress. The DSSAT-CROPGRO-cotton model was calibrated to validate the response of cotton crop to water stress. Results elucidated that in comparison of well watered (control) crop, 1-POSI and 2-POSI reduced plant height by 13.5-28.4% and lower leaf area index (LAI) by 21.6-37.6%. Pooled analysis revealed that SCY under control was higher by 1,127 kg ha-1 over 1-POSI and 597 kg ha-1 than 2-POSI. The DSSAT-CROPGRO-cotton model fairly simulated the cotton yield as evidenced by good accuracy (d-stat ≥ 0.92) along with lower root mean square error (RMSE) of ≤183.2 kg ha-1; mean absolute percent error (MAPE) ≤6.5% under different irrigation levels. Similarly, simulated and observed biomass also exhibited good agreement with ≥0.98 d-stat; ≤533.7 kg ha-1 RMSE; and ≤4.6% MAPE. The model accurately simulated the periodical LAI, biomass and soil water dynamics as affected by varying water regimes in conformity with periodical observations. Both the experimental and the simulated results confirmed the decline of SCY with any degree of water stress. Thus, a well calibrated DSSAT-CROPGRO-cotton model may be successfully used for estimating the crop performance under varying hydro-climatic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rotash Kumar
- Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Mishra
- Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Kulvir Singh
- Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Ibrahim Al-Ashkar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamir Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Habib ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (IPBB), MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu G, Liu D, Zhang A, Liu H, Mia MS, Mullan D, Yan G. Identification of KASP markers and candidate genes for drought tolerance in wheat using 90K SNP array genotyping of near-isogenic lines targeting a 4BS quantitative trait locus. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:190. [PMID: 37584740 PMCID: PMC10432333 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This study identified a novel SNP and developed a highly efficient KASP marker for drought tolerance in wheat by genotyping NILs targeting a major QTL for drought tolerance using an SNP array and validation with commercial varieties. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important winter crop worldwide and a typical allopolyploid with a large and complex genome. With global warming, the environmental volatility and incidence of drought in wheat-producing areas will increase. Molecular markers for drought tolerance are urgently needed to enhance drought tolerance breeding. Here, we genotyped four near-isogenic line (NIL) pairs targeting a major QTL qDSI.4B.1 on wheat chromosome arm 4BS for drought tolerance using the 90K SNP Illumina iSelect array and discovered a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Excalibur_c100336_106) with consistent genotype-phenotype associations among all four NIL pairs and their parents. Then, we converted the SNP into a Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) marker, with an accuracy of 100% for the four NIL pairs and their parents and as high as 81.8% for the 44 tested wheat lines with known phenotypes collected from Australia and China. Two genes near this SNP were suggested as candidate genes for drought tolerance in wheat after checking the Chinese Spring reference genome annotation version 1.1. One gene, TraesCS4B02G085300, encodes an F-box protein reportedly related to the ABA network, a main pathway for drought tolerance, and another gene, TraesCS4B02G085400, encodes a calcineurin-like metallophos-phoesterase transmembrane protein, which participates in Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation regulatory system. Based on this work and previous research on pre-harvest sprouting, we established a quick and efficient general SQV-based approach for KASP marker development, integrating genotyping by SNP arrays (S) using NILs targeting major QTL for a specific trait (Q) and validating them with commercial varieties (V). The identified SNP and developed KASP marker could be applied to marker-assisted selection in drought breeding, and further study of the candidate genes may improve our understanding of drought tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Liu
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, 071000 Hebei China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, 071000 Hebei China
| | - Hui Liu
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Md Sultan Mia
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Daniel Mullan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
- InterGrain Pty. Ltd., 19 Ambitious Link, Bibra Lake, WA 6163 Australia
| | - Guijun Yan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian G, Wang S, Wu J, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu S, Han D, Xia G, Wang M. Allelic variation of TaWD40-4B.1 contributes to drought tolerance by modulating catalase activity in wheat. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1200. [PMID: 36864053 PMCID: PMC9981739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought drastically restricts wheat production, so to dissect allelic variations of drought tolerant genes without imposing trade-offs between tolerance and yield is essential to cope with the circumstance. Here, we identify a drought tolerant WD40 protein encoding gene TaWD40-4B.1 of wheat via the genome-wide association study. The full-length allele TaWD40-4B.1C but not the truncated allele TaWD40-4B.1T possessing a nonsense nucleotide variation enhances drought tolerance and grain yield of wheat under drought. TaWD40-4B.1C interacts with canonical catalases, promotes their oligomerization and activities, and reduces H2O2 levels under drought. The knock-down of catalase genes erases the role of TaWD40-4B.1C in drought tolerance. TaWD40-4B.1C proportion in wheat accessions is negatively correlative with the annual rainfall, suggesting this allele may be selected during wheat breeding. The introgression of TaWD40-4B.1C enhances drought tolerance of the cultivar harboring TaWD40-4B.1T. Therefore, TaWD40-4B.1C could be useful for molecular breeding of drought tolerant wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shubin Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050050, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiutang Wang
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050050, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Mengcheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dosage differences in 12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE genes modulate wheat root growth. Nat Commun 2023; 14:539. [PMID: 36725858 PMCID: PMC9892559 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat, an essential crop for global food security, is well adapted to a wide variety of soils. However, the gene networks shaping different root architectures remain poorly understood. We report here that dosage differences in a cluster of monocot-specific 12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE genes from subfamily III (OPRIII) modulate key differences in wheat root architecture, which are associated with grain yield under water-limited conditions. Wheat plants with loss-of-function mutations in OPRIII show longer seminal roots, whereas increased OPRIII dosage or transgenic over-expression result in reduced seminal root growth, precocious development of lateral roots and increased jasmonic acid (JA and JA-Ile). Pharmacological inhibition of JA-biosynthesis abolishes root length differences, consistent with a JA-mediated mechanism. Transcriptome analyses of transgenic and wild-type lines show significant enriched JA-biosynthetic and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways, which parallel changes in ROS distribution. OPRIII genes provide a useful entry point to engineer root architecture in wheat and other cereals.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Yu J, Qian Q, Shang L. Enhancement of Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Genetic Manipulation: A Systematic Review. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:67. [PMID: 36562861 PMCID: PMC9789292 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a result of global warming, plants are subjected to ever-increasing abiotic stresses including heat and drought. Drought stress frequently co-occurs with heat stress as a result of water evaporation. These stressors have adverse effects on crop production, which in turn affects human food security. Rice is a major food resource grown widely in crop-producing regions throughout the world. However, increasingly common heat and drought stresses in growth regions can have negative impacts on seedling morphogenesis, reproductive organ establishment, overall yield, and quality. This review centers on responses to heat and drought stress in rice. Current knowledge of molecular regulation mechanisms is summarized. We focus on approaches to cope with heat and drought stress, both at the genetic level and from an agricultural practice perspective. This review establishes a basis for improving rice stress tolerance, grain quality, and yield for human benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Yang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
| | - Jianping Yu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Qian Qian
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
- China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 311401 China
| | - Lianguang Shang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
da Silva Leite R, Neves do Nascimento M, Hernandéz-Navarro S, Miguel Ruiz Potosme N, Karthikeyan S. Use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for analysis of water deficit tolerance in Physalis peruviana L. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121551. [PMID: 35779475 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Treatments that allow plants to better tolerate water deficit become essential, such as the application of chemical priming. In addition, it is essential to use analyses capable of measuring these effects at the biomolecular level, complementing the other physiological evaluations. In view of the above, this study aimed to evaluate the use of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for analyses of water deficit tolerance in Physalis peruviana plants. For this, samples of leaves, stems and roots of plants subjected to different pretreatments with proline (10 mM and 20 mM), sodium nitroprusside (SNP 25 μM and 50 μM) and H2O as control, aiming at increasing tolerance to water deficit, were evaluated. The chemical agents used attenuated water deficit in P. peruviana plants, influencing phenotypic characterization and spectral analyses. Analysis of FTIR spectra indicates that different functional groups present in leaves, stems and roots were influenced by water deficit and priming treatments. Changes in lipid levels contributed to reducing water losses by increasing the thickness of cuticular wax. Accumulation of proteins and carbohydrates promoted osmoregulation and maintenance of the water status of plants. Thus, water deficit causes changes in the functional groups present in the organs of P. peruviana, and the ATR-FTIR technique is able to detect these biomolecular changes, helping in the selection of priming treatments to increase tolerance to water deficit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romeu da Silva Leite
- Biological Sciences Department, State University of Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil; Agriculture and Forestry Engineering Department, Universidad de Valladolid, 34004 Palencia, Castilla y Leon, Spain; Baiano Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Campus Xique-Xique, 47400-000 Xique-Xique, Brazil.
| | - Marilza Neves do Nascimento
- Biological Sciences Department, State University of Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Salvador Hernandéz-Navarro
- Agriculture and Forestry Engineering Department, Universidad de Valladolid, 34004 Palencia, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - Norlan Miguel Ruiz Potosme
- Superior Polytechnic School, European University Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Castilla y Leon, Spain
| | - Sivakumaran Karthikeyan
- Department of Physics, Dr. Ambedkar Government Arts College, 600039 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sunilkumar V, Krishna H, Devate NB, Manjunath KK, Chauhan D, Singh S, Sinha N, Singh JB, Prakasha TL, Pal D, Sivasamy M, Jain N, Singh GP, Singh PK. Marker assisted improvement for leaf rust and moisture deficit stress tolerance in wheat variety HD3086. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1035016. [PMID: 36352858 PMCID: PMC9638138 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1035016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant yield reduction in the wheat crop as a result of different biotic and abiotic stresses, and changing climate, among them moisture deficit stress and leaf rust are the major ones affecting wheat worldwide. HD3086 is a high-yielding wheat variety that has been released for commercial cultivation under timely sown irrigated conditions in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Variety HD3086 provides a good, stable yield, and it is the choice of millions of farmers in India. It becomes susceptible to the most prevalent pathotypes 77-5 and 77-9 of Puccinia triticina (causing leaf rust) in the production environment and its potential yield cannot be realized under moisture deficit stress. The present study demonstrates the use of a marker-assisted back cross breeding approach to the successful transfer of leaf rust resistance gene Lr24 and QTLs linked to moisture deficit stress tolerance in the background of HD3086. The genotype HI1500 was used as a donor parent that possesses leaf rust-resistant gene Lr24, which confers resistance against the major pathotypes found in the production environment. It possesses inbuilt tolerance under abiotic stresses with superior quality traits. Foreground selection for gene Lr24 and moisture deficit stress tolerance QTLs linked to Canopy temperature (CT), Normal Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Thousand Kernel Weight (TKW) in different generations of the backcrossing and selection. In BC2F2, foreground selection was carried out to identify homozygous lines based on the linked markers and were advanced following pedigree based phenotypic selection. The selected lines were evaluated against P. triticina pathotypes 77-5 and 77-9 under controlled conditions. Recurrent parent recovery of the selected lines ranged from 78-94%. The identified lines were evaluated for their tolerance to moisture stress under field conditions and their resistance to rust under artificial epiphytotic conditions for two years. In BC2F5 generation, eight positive lines for marker alleles were selected which showed resistance to leaf rust and recorded an improvement in component traits of moisture deficit stress tolerance such as CT, NDVI, TKW and yield compared to the recurrent parent HD3086. The derived line is named HD3471 and is nominated for national trials for testing and further release for commercial cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V.P. Sunilkumar
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari Krishna
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Narayana Bhat Devate
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Divya Chauhan
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nivedita Sinha
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jang Bahadur Singh
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - T. L. Prakasha
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharam Pal
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Sivasamy
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neelu Jain
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - G. P. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - P. K. Singh
- Division of Genetics, Icar- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Razi SMM, Shirzadian-Khorramabad R, Sabouri H, Rabiei B, Moghadam HH. Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Related to Salt Tolerance of Indica Rice RIL Population in Different Growth Stages. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422090149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Salgotra RK, Stewart CN. Genetic Augmentation of Legume Crops Using Genomic Resources and Genotyping Platforms for Nutritional Food Security. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1866. [PMID: 35890499 PMCID: PMC9325189 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have led the surge of genomic resources for the improvement legume crops. Advances in high throughput genotyping (HTG) and high throughput phenotyping (HTP) enable legume breeders to improve legume crops more precisely and efficiently. Now, the legume breeder can reshuffle the natural gene combinations of their choice to enhance the genetic potential of crops. These genomic resources are efficiently deployed through molecular breeding approaches for genetic augmentation of important legume crops, such as chickpea, cowpea, pigeonpea, groundnut, common bean, lentil, pea, as well as other underutilized legume crops. In the future, advances in NGS, HTG, and HTP technologies will help in the identification and assembly of superior haplotypes to tailor the legume crop varieties through haplotype-based breeding. This review article focuses on the recent development of genomic resource databases and their deployment in legume molecular breeding programmes to secure global food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romesh K. Salgotra
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu 190008, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bapela T, Shimelis H, Tsilo TJ, Mathew I. Genetic Improvement of Wheat for Drought Tolerance: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1331. [PMID: 35631756 PMCID: PMC9144332 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Wheat production and productivity are challenged by recurrent droughts associated with climate change globally. Drought and heat stress resilient cultivars can alleviate yield loss in marginal production agro-ecologies. The ability of some crop genotypes to thrive and yield in drought conditions is attributable to the inherent genetic variation and environmental adaptation, presenting opportunities to develop drought-tolerant varieties. Understanding the underlying genetic, physiological, biochemical, and environmental mechanisms and their interactions is key critical opportunity for drought tolerance improvement. Therefore, the objective of this review is to document the progress, challenges, and opportunities in breeding for drought tolerance in wheat. The paper outlines the following key aspects: (1) challenges associated with breeding for adaptation to drought-prone environments, (2) opportunities such as genetic variation in wheat for drought tolerance, selection methods, the interplay between above-ground phenotypic traits and root attributes in drought adaptation and drought-responsive attributes and (3) approaches, technologies and innovations in drought tolerance breeding. In the end, the paper summarises genetic gains and perspectives in drought tolerance breeding in wheat. The review will serve as baseline information for wheat breeders and agronomists to guide the development and deployment of drought-adapted and high-performing new-generation wheat varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Bapela
- African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (I.M.)
- Agricultural Research Council—Small Grain, Bethlehem 9700, South Africa;
| | - Hussein Shimelis
- African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (I.M.)
| | - Toi John Tsilo
- Agricultural Research Council—Small Grain, Bethlehem 9700, South Africa;
| | - Isack Mathew
- African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; (H.S.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu L, Chang Y, Wang L, Wang S, Wu J. The aquaporin gene PvXIP1;2 conferring drought resistance identified by GWAS at seedling stage in common bean. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:485-500. [PMID: 34698878 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03978-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A whole-genome resequencing-derived SNP dataset used for genome-wide association analysis revealed 12 loci significantly associated with drought stress based on survival rate after drought stress at seedling stage. We further confirmed the drought-related function of an aquaporin gene (PvXIP1;2) located at Locus_10. A variety of adverse conditions, including drought stress, severely affect common bean production. Molecular breeding for drought resistance has been proposed as an effective and practical way to improve the drought resistance of common bean. A genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify drought-related loci based on survival rates at the seedling stage using a natural population consisting of 400 common bean accessions and 3,832,340 SNPs. The coefficient of variation ranged from 40.90 to 56.22% for survival rates in three independent experiments. A total of 12 associated loci containing 89 significant SNPs were identified for survival rates at the seedling stage. Four loci overlapped in the region of the QTLs reported to be associated with drought resistance. According to the expression profiles, gene annotations and references of the functions of homologous genes in Arabidopsis, 39 genes were considered potential candidate genes selected from 199 genes annotated within all associated loci. A stable locus (Locus_10) was identified on chromosome 11, which contained LEA, aquaporin, and proline-rich protein genes. We further confirmed the drought-related function of an aquaporin (PvXIP1;2) located at Locus_10 by expression pattern analysis, phenotypic analysis of PvXIP1;2-overexpressing Arabidopsis and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation systems, indicating that the association results can facilitate the efficient identification of genes related to drought resistance. These loci and their candidate genes provide a foundation for crop improvement via breeding for drought resistance in common bean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yujie Chang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lanfen Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zargar SM, Mir RA, Ebinezer LB, Masi A, Hami A, Manzoor M, Salgotra RK, Sofi NR, Mushtaq R, Rohila JS, Rakwal R. Physiological and Multi-Omics Approaches for Explaining Drought Stress Tolerance and Supporting Sustainable Production of Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:803603. [PMID: 35154193 PMCID: PMC8829427 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.803603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought differs from other natural disasters in several respects, largely because of the complexity of a crop's response to it and also because we have the least understanding of a crop's inductive mechanism for addressing drought tolerance among all abiotic stressors. Overall, the growth and productivity of crops at a global level is now thought to be an issue that is more severe and arises more frequently due to climatic change-induced drought stress. Among the major crops, rice is a frontline staple cereal crop of the developing world and is critical to sustaining populations on a daily basis. Worldwide, studies have reported a reduction in rice productivity over the years as a consequence of drought. Plants are evolutionarily primed to withstand a substantial number of environmental cues by undergoing a wide range of changes at the molecular level, involving gene, protein and metabolite interactions to protect the growing plant. Currently, an in-depth, precise and systemic understanding of fundamental biological and cellular mechanisms activated by crop plants during stress is accomplished by an umbrella of -omics technologies, such as transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics. This combination of multi-omics approaches provides a comprehensive understanding of cellular dynamics during drought or other stress conditions in comparison to a single -omics approach. Thus a greater need to utilize information (big-omics data) from various molecular pathways to develop drought-resilient crop varieties for cultivation in ever-changing climatic conditions. This review article is focused on assembling current peer-reviewed published knowledge on the use of multi-omics approaches toward expediting the development of drought-tolerant rice plants for sustainable rice production and realizing global food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, BGSB University, Rajouri, India
| | - Leonard Barnabas Ebinezer
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Ammarah Hami
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Madhiya Manzoor
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Romesh K. Salgotra
- School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Najeebul Rehman Sofi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Roohi Mushtaq
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, SP College, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, India
| | - Jai Singh Rohila
- Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Stuttgart, AR, United States
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li C, Li L, Reynolds MP, Wang J, Chang X, Mao X, Jing R. Recognizing the hidden half in wheat: root system attributes associated with drought tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5117-5133. [PMID: 33783492 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Improving drought tolerance in wheat is crucial for maintaining productivity and food security. Roots are responsible for the uptake of water from soil, and a number of root traits are associated with drought tolerance. Studies have revealed many quantitative trait loci and genes controlling root development in plants. However, the genetic dissection of root traits in response to drought in wheat is still unclear. Here, we review crop root traits associated with drought, key genes governing root development in plants, and quantitative trait loci and genes regulating root system architecture under water-limited conditions in wheat. Deep roots, optimal root length density and xylem diameter, and increased root surface area are traits contributing to drought tolerance. In view of the diverse environments in which wheat is grown, the balance among root and shoot traits, as well as individual and population performance, are discussed. The known functions of key genes provide information for the genetic dissection of root development of wheat in a wide range of conditions, and will be beneficial for molecular marker development, marker-assisted selection, and genetic improvement in breeding for drought tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Chang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kaur H, Kohli SK, Khanna K, Bhardwaj R. Scrutinizing the impact of water deficit in plants: Transcriptional regulation, signaling, photosynthetic efficacy, and management. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:935-962. [PMID: 33686690 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal availability of water limits plant growth, development, and performance. Drought is one of the leading factors responsible for worldwide crop yield reduction. In the future, owing to climate changes, more agricultural land will be affected by prolonged periods of water deficit. Thus, understanding the fundamental mechanism of drought response is a major scientific concern for improvement of crop production. To combat drought stress, plants deploy varied mechanistic strategies and alter their morphological, physiochemical, and molecular attributes. This helps plant to enhance water uptake and storage, reduce water loss and avoid wilting. Induction of several transcription factors and drought responsive genes leads to synthesis of stress proteins, regulation of water channels i.e. aquaporins and production of osmolytes that are essential for maintenance of osmotic balance at the cellular level. Self- and hormone-regulated signaling pathways are often stimulated by plants after receiving drought stress signals via secondary messengers, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and stress hormones. These signaling cascades often leads to stomatal closure and reduction in transpiration rates. Reduced carbon dioxide diffusion in chloroplast, lowered efficacy of photosystems, and other metabolic constraints limits the key regulatory photosynthetic process during water deficit. The impact of these stomatal and nonstomatal limitations varies with stress intensity, superimposed stresses and plant species. A clear understanding of the drought resistance process is thus important before adopting strategies for imparting drought tolerance in plants. These management practices at present include exogenous hormone application, breeding, and genetic engineering techniques for combating the water deficit issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsimran Kaur
- PG Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Division, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- PG Department of Agriculture, Plant Protection Division, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Langridge P, Reynolds M. Breeding for drought and heat tolerance in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:1753-1769. [PMID: 33715017 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Many approaches have been adopted to enhance the heat and drought tolerance of wheat with mixed success. An assessment of the relative merits of different strategies is presented. Wheat is the most widely grown crop globally and plays a key role in human nutrition. However, it is grown in environments that are prone to heat and drought stress, resulting in severely reduced yield in some seasons. Increased climate variability is expected to have a particularly adverse effect of wheat production. Breeding for stable yield across both good and bad seasons while maintaining high yield under optimal conditions is a high priority for most wheat breeding programs and has been a focus of research activities. Multiple strategies have been explored to enhance the heat and drought tolerance of wheat including extensive genetic analysis and modify the expression of genes involved in stress responses, targeting specific physiological traits and direct selection under a range of stress scenarios. These approaches have been combined with improvements in phenotyping, the development of genetic and genomic resources, and extended screening and analysis techniques. The results have greatly expanded our knowledge and understanding of the factors that influence yield under stress, but not all have delivered the hoped-for progress. Here, we provide an overview of the different strategies and an assessment of the most promising approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
- Wheat Initiative, Julius-Kühn-Institute, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Int. AP 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Guo Q, Li X, Niu L, Jameson PE, Zhou W. Transcription-associated metabolomic adjustments in maize occur during combined drought and cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:677-695. [PMID: 33582802 PMCID: PMC8154062 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although simultaneous drought and cold stress occurs, especially in northwestern and eastern regions of China, and is an important factor limiting agricultural productivity, there are few studies focusing on plant responses to a combination of drought and cold stress. Here, by partially overlapping drought and cold stresses, we characterized the acclimation of maize (Zea mays B73) to these two stresses using physiological measurements, as well as comparative transcriptomics combined with metabolomics and hormonal analyses during the stress treatments and recovery stages. The combined drought and cold stress and drought stress alone were accompanied by a decline in photosynthetic capacity and enhanced transcriptional response, and subsequent recovery of these following removal from stress, whereas cold stress alone was accompanied by irreversible damage to photosynthetic capacity and chloroplast structure. The stress combination induced transcription-associated metabolomic alterations, in which raffinose, trehalose-6-phosphate, and proline accumulated, and monosaccharide abundance increased. Concomitantly, the increased abscisic acid (ABA) content and upregulated ABA signaling pathway may have provided the transcriptional regulation for the metabolic changes. In a parallel experiment, ABA treatments prior to exposure of the plants to cold stress primed the plants to survive the cold stress, thus confirming a key role for the endogenous ABA activated by the drought pretreatment in acclimation of the plants to cold. We present a model showing that the plant response to the combined stress is multi-faceted and reveal an ABA-dependent maize acclimation mechanism to the stress combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Guo
- China Grassland Research Center, School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Niu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Paula E Jameson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu H, Shen J, Yuan C, Lu D, Acharya BR, Wang M, Chen D, Zhang W. The Cyclophilin ROC3 Regulates ABA-Induced Stomatal Closure and the Drought Stress Response of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:668792. [PMID: 34113366 PMCID: PMC8186832 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.668792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Drought causes a major constraint on plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Drought stress enhances the synthesis and mobilization of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). Enhanced cellular levels of ABA promote the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn induce anion channel activity in guard cells that consequently leads to stomatal closure. Although Cyclophilins (CYPs) are known to participate in the biotic stress response, their involvement in guard cell ABA signaling and the drought response remains to be established. The Arabidopsis thaliana gene ROC3 encodes a CYP. Arabidopsis roc3 T-DNA mutants showed a reduced level of ABA-activated S-type anion currents, and stomatal closure than wild type (WT). Also, roc3 mutants exhibited rapid loss of water in leaf than wild type. Two complementation lines of roc3 mutants showed similar stomatal response to ABA as observed for WT. Both complementation lines also showed similar water loss as WT by leaf detached assay. Biochemical assay suggested that ROC3 positively regulates ROS accumulation by inhibiting catalase activity. In response to ABA treatment or drought stress, roc3 mutant show down regulation of a number of stress responsive genes. All findings indicate that ROC3 positively regulates ABA-induced stomatal closure and the drought response by regulating ROS homeostasis and the expression of various stress-activated genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianlin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongxue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Biswa R. Acharya
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Donghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chu C, Wang S, Paetzold L, Wang Z, Hui K, Rudd JC, Xue Q, Ibrahim AMH, Metz R, Johnson CD, Rush CM, Liu S. RNA-seq analysis reveals different drought tolerance mechanisms in two broadly adapted wheat cultivars 'TAM 111' and 'TAM 112'. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4301. [PMID: 33619336 PMCID: PMC7900135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat cultivars 'TAM 111' and 'TAM 112' have been dominantly grown in the Southern U.S. Great Plains for many years due to their high yield and drought tolerance. To identify the molecular basis and genetic control of drought tolerance in these two landmark cultivars, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to compare gene expression difference in flag leaves under fully irrigated (wet) and water deficient (dry) conditions. A total of 2254 genes showed significantly altered expression patterns under dry and wet conditions in the two cultivars. TAM 111 had 593 and 1532 dry-wet differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and TAM 112 had 777 and 1670 at heading and grain-filling stages, respectively. The two cultivars have 1214 (53.9%) dry-wet DEGs in common, which agreed with their excellent adaption to drought, but 438 and 602 dry-wet DEGs were respectively shown only in TAM 111 and TAM 112 suggested that each has a specific mechanism to cope with drought. Annotations of all 2254 genes showed 1855 have functions related to biosynthesis, stress responses, defense responses, transcription factors and cellular components related to ion or protein transportation and signal transduction. Comparing hierarchical structure of biological processes, molecule functions and cellular components revealed the significant regulation differences between TAM 111 and TAM 112, particularly for genes of phosphorylation and adenyl ribonucleotide binding, and proteins located in nucleus and plasma membrane. TAM 112 showed more active than TAM 111 in response to drought and carried more specific genes with most of them were up-regulated in responses to stresses of water deprivation, heat and oxidative, ABA-induced signal pathway and transcription regulation. In addition, 258 genes encoding predicted uncharacterized proteins and 141 unannotated genes with no similar sequences identified in the databases may represent novel genes related to drought response in TAM 111 or TAM 112. This research thus revealed different drought-tolerance mechanisms in TAM 111 and TAM 112 and identified useful drought tolerance genes for wheat adaption. Data of gene sequence and expression regulation from this study also provided useful information of annotating novel genes associated with drought tolerance in the wheat genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenggen Chu
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
- Sugarbeet and Potato Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, 1616 Albrecht Blvd. N, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
| | - Shichen Wang
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Service Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Li Paetzold
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Kele Hui
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Jackie C Rudd
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Qingwu Xue
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Amir M H Ibrahim
- Soil and Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Richard Metz
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Service Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Charles D Johnson
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Service Center, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Charles M Rush
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu FJ, Song SL, Ma CY, Zhang W, Sun K, Tang MJ, Xie XG, Fan KK, Dai CC. Endophytic fungus improves peanut drought resistance by reassembling the root-dwelling community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
21
|
Jatayev S, Sukhikh I, Vavilova V, Smolenskaya SE, Goncharov NP, Kurishbayev A, Zotova L, Absattarova A, Serikbay D, Hu YG, Borisjuk N, Gupta NK, Jacobs B, de Groot S, Koekemoer F, Alharthi B, Lethola K, Cu DT, Schramm C, Anderson P, Jenkins CLD, Soole KL, Shavrukov Y, Langridge P. Green revolution 'stumbles' in a dry environment: Dwarf wheat with Rht genes fails to produce higher grain yield than taller plants under drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2355-2364. [PMID: 32515827 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyvaldy Jatayev
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Igor Sukhikh
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valeriya Vavilova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana E Smolenskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Goncharov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Akhylbek Kurishbayev
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Lyudmila Zotova
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Aiman Absattarova
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Dauren Serikbay
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yin-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- School of Life Science, Huaian Normal University, Huai'an, China
| | | | - Bertus Jacobs
- LongReach Plant Breeders Management Pty Ltd, Lonsdale, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Badr Alharthi
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Katso Lethola
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dan T Cu
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carly Schramm
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Anderson
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Colin L D Jenkins
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kathleen L Soole
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yuri Shavrukov
- College of Science and Engineering (Biological Sciences), Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- Wheat Initiative, Julius-Kühn-Institute, Berlin, Germany
- University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi R, Lindlöf A, Aliakbari M, Pirasteh-Anosheh H. Plausible association between drought stress tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and programmed cell death via MC1 and TSN1 genes. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 170:46-59. [PMID: 32246464 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studying the drought-responsive transcriptome is of high interest as it can serve as a blueprint for stress adaptation strategies. Despite extensive studies in this area, there are still many details to be uncovered, such as the importance of each gene involved in the stress response as well as the relationship between these genes and the physiochemical processes governing stress tolerance. This study was designed to address such important details and to gain insights into molecular responses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to drought stress. To that, we combined RNA-seq data analysis with field and greenhouse drought experiments in a systems biology approach. RNA-sequence analysis identified a total of 665 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) belonging to diverse functional categories. A gene network was derived from the DEGs, which comprised of a total of 131 nodes and 257 edges. Gene network topology analysis highlighted two programmed cell death (PCD) modulating genes, MC1 (metacaspase 1) and TSN1 (Tudor-SN 1), as important (hub) genes in the predicted network. Based on the field trial, a drought-tolerant and a drought-susceptible barley genotype was identified from eight tested cultivars. Identified genotypes exhibited different physiochemical characteristics, including proline content, chlorophyll concentration, percentage of electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content as well as expression profiles of MC1 and TSN1 genes. Machine learning and correspondence analysis revealed a significant relationship between drought tolerance and measured characteristics in the context of PCD. Our study provides new insights which bridge barley drought tolerance to PCD through MC1 and TSN1 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Massume Aliakbari
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh
- National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Yazd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lim SD, Mayer JA, Yim WC, Cushman JC. Plant tissue succulence engineering improves water-use efficiency, water-deficit stress attenuation and salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1049-1072. [PMID: 32338788 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tissue succulence (ratio of tissue water/leaf area or dry mass) or the ability to store water within living tissues is among the most successful adaptations to drought in the plant kingdom. This taxonomically widespread adaptation helps plants avoid the damaging effects of drought, and is often associated with the occupancy of epiphytic, epilithic, semi-arid and arid environments. Tissue succulence was engineered in Arabidopsis thaliana by overexpression of a codon-optimized helix-loop-helix transcription factor (VvCEB1opt ) from wine grape involved in the cell expansion phase of berry development. VvCEB1opt -overexpressing lines displayed significant increases in cell size, succulence and decreased intercellular air space. VvCEB1opt -overexpressing lines showed increased instantaneous and integrated water-use efficiency (WUE) due to reduced stomatal conductance caused by reduced stomatal aperture and density resulting in increased attenuation of water-deficit stress. VvCEB1opt -overexpressing lines also showed increased salinity tolerance due to reduced salinity uptake and dilution of internal Na+ and Cl- as well as other ions. Alterations in transporter activities were further suggested by media and apoplastic acidification, hygromycin B tolerance and changes in relative transcript abundance patterns of various transporters with known functions in salinity tolerance. Engineered tissue succulence might provide an effective strategy for improving WUE, drought avoidance or attenuation, salinity tolerance, and for crassulacean acid metabolism biodesign.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Don Lim
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Won Cheol Yim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0330, USA
| | - John C Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0330, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gahlaut V, Jaiswal V, Singh S, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Multi-Locus Genome Wide Association Mapping for Yield and Its Contributing Traits in Hexaploid Wheat under Different Water Regimes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19486. [PMID: 31862891 PMCID: PMC6925107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55520-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-locus genome wide association study was undertaken using a set of 320 diverse spring wheat accessions, which were each genotyped for 9,626 SNPs. The association panel was grown in replicated trials in four environments [two each in irrigated (IR) and rainfed (RF) environments], and phenotypic data were recorded for five traits including days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, thousand grain weight and grain yield. Forty-six significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified for five traits. These included 20 MTAs in IR and 19 MTAs in RF environments; seven additional MTAs were common to both the environments. Five of these MTAs were co-localized with previously known QTL/MTAs and the remaining MTAs were novel and add to the existing knowledge. Three desirable haplotypes for agronomic traits, one for improvement in RF environment and two for improvement in IR environment were identified. Eighteen (18) promising candidate genes (CGs) involved in seven different biological activities were also identified. The expression profiles of four (Trehalose-6-Phosphate, APETALA2/Ethylene-responsive factor, DNA-binding One Zinc Finger and Gibberellin-dioxygenases) of the 18 genes showed that they were induced by drought stress in the wheat seedlings. The MTAs, haplotypes and CG-based markers may be used in marker-assisted breeding for drought tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Gahlaut
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Jaiswal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - H S Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - P K Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Furbank RT, Jimenez-Berni JA, George-Jaeggli B, Potgieter AB, Deery DM. Field crop phenomics: enabling breeding for radiation use efficiency and biomass in cereal crops. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1714-1727. [PMID: 30937909 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant phenotyping forms the core of crop breeding, allowing breeders to build on physiological traits and mechanistic science to inform their selection of material for crossing and genetic gain. Recent rapid progress in high-throughput techniques based on machine vision, robotics, and computing (plant phenomics) enables crop physiologists and breeders to quantitatively measure complex and previously intractable traits. By combining these techniques with affordable genomic sequencing and genotyping, machine learning, and genome selection approaches, breeders have an opportunity to make rapid genetic progress. This review focuses on how field-based plant phenomics can enable next-generation physiological breeding in cereal crops for traits related to radiation use efficiency, photosynthesis, and crop biomass. These traits have previously been regarded as difficult and laborious to measure but have recently become a focus as cereal breeders find genetic progress from 'Green Revolution' traits such as harvest index become exhausted. Application of LiDAR, thermal imaging, leaf and canopy spectral reflectance, Chl fluorescence, and machine learning are discussed using wheat and sorghum phenotyping as case studies. A vision of how crop genomics and high-throughput phenotyping could enable the next generation of crop research and breeding is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Furbank
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Science, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
| | - Jose A Jimenez-Berni
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Barbara George-Jaeggli
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovation, Centre for Crop Science, The University of Queensland, Hermitage Research Station, Warwick, 4370, QLD, Australia
- Agri-Science Queensland, Queensland Department of Agriculture & Fisheries, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, 4370, QLD, Australia
| | - Andries B Potgieter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovation, Centre for Crop Science, The University of Queensland, Tor Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia
| | - David M Deery
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, 2601, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li L, Mao X, Wang J, Chang X, Reynolds M, Jing R. Genetic dissection of drought and heat-responsive agronomic traits in wheat. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2540-2553. [PMID: 31077401 PMCID: PMC6851630 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High yield and wide adaptation are principal targets of wheat breeding but are hindered by limited knowledge on genetic basis of agronomic traits and abiotic stress tolerances. In this study, 277 wheat accessions were phenotyped across 30 environments with non-stress, drought-stressed, heat-stressed, and drought-heat-stressed treatments and were subjected to genome-wide association study using 395 681 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We detected 295 associated loci including consistent loci for agronomic traits across different treatments and eurytopic loci for multiple abiotic stress tolerances. A total of 22 loci overlapped with quantitative trait loci identified by biparental quantitative trait loci mapping. Six loci were simultaneously associated with agronomic traits and abiotic stress tolerance, four of which fell within selective sweep regions. Selection in Chinese wheat has increased the frequency of superior marker alleles controlling yield-related traits in the four loci during past decades, which conversely diminished favourable genetic variation controlling abiotic stress tolerance in the same loci; two promising candidate paralogous genes colocalized with such loci, thereby providing potential targets for studying the molecular mechanism of stress tolerance-productivity trade-off. These results uncovering promising alleles controlling agronomic traits and/or multiple abiotic stress tolerances, providing insights into heritable covariation between yield and abiotic stress tolerance, will accelerate future efforts for wheat improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China
| | - Xiaoping Chang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement CenterTexcoco56237Mexico
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schuy C, Groth J, Ammon A, Eydam J, Baier S, Schweizer G, Hanemann A, Herz M, Voll LM, Sonnewald U. Deciphering the genetic basis for vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley accessions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9470. [PMID: 31263124 PMCID: PMC6602966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols, commonly referred to as vitamin E, are essential compounds in food and feed. Due to their lipophilic nature they protect biomembranes by preventing the propagation of lipid-peroxidation especially during oxidative stress. Since their synthesis is restricted to photosynthetic organisms, plant-derived products are the major source of natural vitamin E. In the present study the genetic basis for high vitamin E accumulation in leaves and grains of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accessions was uncovered. A genome wide association study (GWAS) allowed the identification of two genes located on chromosome 7H, homogentisate phytyltransferase (HPT-7H) and homogentisate geranylgeranyltransferase (HGGT) that code for key enzymes controlling the accumulation of tocopherols in leaves and tocotrienols in grains, respectively. Transcript profiling showed a correlation between HPT-7H expression and vitamin E content in leaves. Allele sequencing allowed to decipher the allelic variation of HPT-7H and HGGT genes corresponding to high and low vitamin E contents in the respective tissues. Using the obtained sequence information molecular markers have been developed which can be used to assist smart breeding of high vitamin E barley varieties. This will facilitate the selection of genotypes more tolerant to oxidative stress and producing high-quality grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schuy
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Groth
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Am Gereuth 8, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ammon
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Eydam
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steffen Baier
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Saatzucht Josef Breun GmbH & Co. KG, Amselweg 1, D-91074, Herzogenaurach, Germany
| | - Günther Schweizer
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Am Gereuth 8, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Anja Hanemann
- Saatzucht Josef Breun GmbH & Co. KG, Amselweg 1, D-91074, Herzogenaurach, Germany
| | - Markus Herz
- Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Am Gereuth 8, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Lars M Voll
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, D-35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Sonnewald
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Farokhzadeh S, Fakheri BA, Nezhad NM, Tahmasebi S, Mirsoleimani A. Mapping QTLs of flag leaf morphological and physiological traits related to aluminum tolerance in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:975-990. [PMID: 31402821 PMCID: PMC6656840 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00670-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Genetic improvement of aluminum (Al) tolerance is one of the cost-effective solutions to improve plant productivity in acidic soils around the world. This study was performed to progress our understanding of the genetic mechanisms of aluminum tolerance underlying wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flag leaf morphological and physiological traits. A recombinant inbred line population derived from SeriM82 and Babax was used for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in wheat for tolerance to Al toxicity through 477 DNA markers. Based on a single-locus analysis, 48 QTLs including 16 putative and 32 suggestive QTLs were identified for all studied traits. Individual QTL explained 4.57-11.29% of the phenotypic variance in different environments during both the crop seasons. These QTLs located unevenly throughout the wheat genome. Among them, 52.08%, 29.17%, and 18.75% were in the A, B, and D genomes, respectively. Based on two-locus analysis, 54 additive QTLs and 6 pairs of epistatic effects were detected, among which 29 additive and 5 pairs of epistatic QTLs showed significant QTL × environment interactions. The highest number of stable QTLs was identified on genome A. Determining a number of QTL clusters indicated tight linkage or pleiotropy in the inheritance of different traits. The stable and major QTLs controlling traits in this research can be applied for verification in different environments and genetic backgrounds and identifying superior allelic variations in wheat to increase the performance of selection of high yielding lines adapted to Al stress in breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Farokhzadeh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Bonjar Rd, Sistan and Baluchestan Provice, Zabol, Iran
| | - Barat Ali Fakheri
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Bonjar Rd, Sistan and Baluchestan Provice, Zabol, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Mahdi Nezhad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Bonjar Rd, Sistan and Baluchestan Provice, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sirous Tahmasebi
- Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Fars Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirsoleimani
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mir RR, Reynolds M, Pinto F, Khan MA, Bhat MA. High-throughput phenotyping for crop improvement in the genomics era. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 282:60-72. [PMID: 31003612 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made with continually expanding genomics technologies to unravel and understand crop genomes. However, the impact of genomics data on crop improvement is still far from satisfactory, in large part due to a lack of effective phenotypic data; our capacity to collect useful high quality phenotypic data lags behind the current capacity to generate high-throughput genomics data. Thus, the research bottleneck in plant sciences is shifting from genotyping to phenotyping. This article review the current status of efforts made in the last decade to systematically collect phenotypic data to alleviate this 'phenomics bottlenecks' by recording trait data through sophisticated non-invasive imaging, spectroscopy, image analysis, robotics, high-performance computing facilities and phenomics databases. These modern phenomics platforms and tools aim to record data on traits like plant development, architecture, plant photosynthesis, growth or biomass productivity, on hundreds to thousands of plants in a single day, as a phenomics revolution. It is believed that this revolution will provide plant scientists with the knowledge and tools necessary for unlocking information coded in plant genomes. Efforts have been also made to present the advances made in the last 10 years in phenomics platforms and their use in generating phenotypic data on different traits in several major crops including rice, wheat, barley, and maize. The article also highlights the need for phenomics databases and phenotypic data sharing for crop improvement. The phenomics data generated has been used to identify genes/QTL through QTL mapping, association mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Wadura Campus, Sopore-193201, Kashmir, India.
| | - Mathew Reynolds
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Francisco Pinto
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Mohd Anwar Khan
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Wadura Campus, Sopore-193201, Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Bhat
- Division of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture (FoA), Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Wadura Campus, Sopore-193201, Kashmir, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Grondin A, Dixit S, Torres R, Venkateshwarlu C, Rogers E, Mitchell-Olds T, Benfey PN, Kumar A, Henry A. Physiological mechanisms contributing to the QTL qDTY 3.2 effects on improved performance of rice Moroberekan x Swarna BC 2F 3:4 lines under drought. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:43. [PMID: 30066052 PMCID: PMC6068063 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional rice (Oryza sativa) varieties are valuable resources for the improvement of drought resistance. qDTY3.2 is a drought-yield quantitative trait locus that was identified in a population derived from the traditional variety Moroberekan and the drought-susceptible variety Swarna. In this study, our aim was to characterize the physiological mechanisms associated with qDTY3.2. Our approach was to phenotype fifteen BC2F3:4 lines for shoot and root drought resistance-related traits as compared to Swarna in the field under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Four BC2F3:4 lines contrasting for yield under drought were selected for detailed characterization of shoot morphology, water use related traits, flowering time and root system architecture in the field as well as in controlled environments (lysimeters in a greenhouse, and gel imaging platform in a growth chamber). RESULTS Across five field experiments, grain yield correlated significantly with root growth along the soil profile, flowering time, and canopy temperature under drought conditions. The four selected BC2F3:4 lines showed earlier flowering time, reduced distribution of root growth to shallow soil layers which resulted in lower water uptake (between 0 and 30 cm) and drought-induced increased distribution of root growth to deep soil layers (between 30 and 60 cm) as compared to Swarna in the field. Root system architecture phenotypes were confirmed in whole root systems in lysimeters, and corresponded to higher numbers of root tips in a gel imaging platform, highlighting the potential stability of some root traits across different growth stages and systems. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that earlier flowering time, reduced shallow root growth, and drought-induced increased deep root growth are associated with the presence of qDTY3.2 since these phenotypes were consistently observed in the selected QTL lines with full introgression of qDTY3.2. We hypothesize that the qDTY3.2 associated RSA phenotypes led to better use of water and metabolic resources which, combined with earlier flowering time, improved yield under drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Grondin
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
- Present address: UMR DIADE, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Shalabh Dixit
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| | - Rolando Torres
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| | - Challa Venkateshwarlu
- International Rice Research Institute South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana India
| | - Eric Rogers
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Thomas Mitchell-Olds
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Philip N. Benfey
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
- International Rice Research Institute South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana India
| | - Amelia Henry
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Condorelli GE, Maccaferri M, Newcomb M, Andrade-Sanchez P, White JW, French AN, Sciara G, Ward R, Tuberosa R. Comparative Aerial and Ground Based High Throughput Phenotyping for the Genetic Dissection of NDVI as a Proxy for Drought Adaptive Traits in Durum Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:893. [PMID: 29997645 PMCID: PMC6028805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput phenotyping platforms (HTPPs) provide novel opportunities to more effectively dissect the genetic basis of drought-adaptive traits. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) compares the results obtained with two Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and a ground-based platform used to measure Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in a panel of 248 elite durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum Desf.) accessions at different growth stages and water regimes. Our results suggest increased ability of aerial over ground-based platforms to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for NDVI, particularly under terminal drought stress, with 22 and 16 single QTLs detected, respectively, and accounting for 89.6 vs. 64.7% phenotypic variance based on multiple QTL models. Additionally, the durum panel was investigated for leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf rolling and dry biomass under terminal drought stress. In total, 46 significant QTLs affected NDVI across platforms, 22 of which showed concomitant effects on leaf greenness, 2 on leaf rolling and 10 on biomass. Among 9 QTL hotspots on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 4B, 5B, 6B, and 7B that influenced NDVI and other drought-adaptive traits, 8 showed per se effects unrelated to phenology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Newcomb
- Maricopa Agricultural Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey W. White
- US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Andrew N. French
- US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Giuseppe Sciara
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rick Ward
- Maricopa Agricultural Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Roberto Tuberosa
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Egea I, Albaladejo I, Meco V, Morales B, Sevilla A, Bolarin MC, Flores FB. The drought-tolerant Solanum pennellii regulates leaf water loss and induces genes involved in amino acid and ethylene/jasmonate metabolism under dehydration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2791. [PMID: 29434236 PMCID: PMC5809557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breeding for drought-tolerant crops is a pressing issue due to the increasing frequency and duration of droughts caused by climate change. Although important sources of variation for drought tolerance exist in wild relatives, the mechanisms and the key genes controlling tolerance in tomato are little known. The aim of this study is to determine the drought response of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii (Sp) compared with the cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum (Sl). The paper investigates the physiological and molecular responses in leaves of Sp and Sl plants without stress and moderate drought stress. Significant physiological differences between species were found, with Sp leaves showing greater ability to avoid water loss and oxidative damage. Leaf transcriptomic analysis carried out when leaves did not as yet show visual dehydration symptoms revealed important constitutive expression differences between Sp and Sl species. Genes linked to different physiological and metabolic processes were induced by drought in Sp, especially those involved in N assimilation, GOGAT/GS cycle and GABA-shunt. Up-regulation in Sp of genes linked to JA/ET biosynthesis and signaling pathways was also observed. In sum, genes involved in the amino acid metabolism together with genes linked to ET/JA seem to be key actors in the drought tolerance of the wild tomato species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Egea
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Albaladejo
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoriano Meco
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, University of Malaga-CSIC, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Belén Morales
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Angel Sevilla
- Inbionova Biotech S.L., Edif. CEEIM.University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria C Bolarin
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco B Flores
- Department of stress biology and plant pathology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen X, Li Y, He R, Ding Q. Phenotyping field-state wheat root system architecture for root foraging traits in response to environment×management interactions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2642. [PMID: 29422488 PMCID: PMC5805786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20361-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An important aspect of below-ground crop physiology is its root foraging performance, which is inherently related to root system architecture (RSA). A 2-yr field experiment was conducted and the field-state wheat RSA was phenotyped for root foraging trait (RFT). Four RSA-derived traits, i.e. Root horizontal angle (RHA), axial root expansion volume (AREV), RSA convex hull volume (CHV) and effective volume per unit root length (EVURL), were analyzed for RFTs in response to environment × management interactions. Results showed a dynamical RHA process but without statistical difference both within crop seasons and tillage treatments. AREV increased with root developmental stages, revealing an overall better root performance in the first year. However, tillage treatments did not induce observed difference within both crop seasons. CHV varied drastically from year to year and between tillage treatments, correlating well to the root length, but not with RHA. EVURL was both sensitive to tillage treatments and crop seasons, being a potential indicator for RFT. Above all, tillage effect on RFT was statistically far less than that induced by crop seasons. Pro/E assisted modeling can be used as an effective means for phenotyping integrated, RSA-derived, RFTs for root foraging response to induced environment × management interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Chen
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - Yinian Li
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - Ruiyin He
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210031, China
| | - Qishuo Ding
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sogbohossou EOD, Achigan-Dako EG, Maundu P, Solberg S, Deguenon EMS, Mumm RH, Hale I, Van Deynze A, Schranz ME. A roadmap for breeding orphan leafy vegetable species: a case study of Gynandropsis gynandra (Cleomaceae). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:2. [PMID: 29423232 PMCID: PMC5798814 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-017-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite an increasing awareness of the potential of "orphan" or unimproved crops to contribute to food security and enhanced livelihoods for farmers, coordinated research agendas to facilitate production and use of orphan crops by local communities are generally lacking. We provide an overview of the current knowledge on leafy vegetables with a focus on Gynandropsis gynandra, a highly nutritious species used in Africa and Asia, and highlight general and species-specific guidelines for participatory, genomics-assisted breeding of orphan crops. Key steps in genome-enabled orphan leafy vegetables improvement are identified and discussed in the context of Gynandropsis gynandra breeding, including: (1) germplasm collection and management; (2) product target definition and refinement; (3) characterization of the genetic control of key traits; (4) design of the 'process' for cultivar development; (5) integration of genomic data to optimize that 'process'; (6) multi-environmental participatory testing and end-user evaluation; and (7) crop value chain development. The review discusses each step in detail, with emphasis on improving leaf yield, phytonutrient content, organoleptic quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and post-harvest management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. O. Deedi Sogbohossou
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Postbus 647 6700AP, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 2549 Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Enoch G. Achigan-Dako
- Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 2549 Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Patrick Maundu
- Kenya Resource Center for Indigenous Knowledge (KENRIK), Centre for Biodiversity, National Museums of Kenya, Museum Hill, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, 00100 Kenya
| | - Svein Solberg
- World Vegetable Center (AVRDC), P.O. Box 42, Shanhua, Tainan 74199 Taiwan
| | | | - Rita H. Mumm
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801 USA
| | - Iago Hale
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA
| | - Allen Van Deynze
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - M. Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Postbus 647 6700AP, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Reynolds MP, Pask AJD, Hoppitt WJE, Sonder K, Sukumaran S, Molero G, Pierre CS, Payne T, Singh RP, Braun HJ, Gonzalez FG, Terrile II, Barma NCD, Hakim A, He Z, Fan Z, Novoselovic D, Maghraby M, Gad KIM, Galal EG, Hagras A, Mohamed MM, Morad AFA, Kumar U, Singh GP, Naik R, Kalappanavar IK, Biradar S, Sai Prasad SV, Chatrath R, Sharma I, Panchabhai K, Sohu VS, Mavi GS, Mishra VK, Balasubramaniam A, Jalal-Kamali MR, Khodarahmi M, Dastfal M, Tabib-Ghaffari SM, Jafarby J, Nikzad AR, Moghaddam HA, Ghojogh H, Mehraban A, Solís-Moya E, Camacho-Casas MA, Figueroa-López P, Ireta-Moreno J, Alvarado-Padilla JI, Borbón-Gracia A, Torres A, Quiche YN, Upadhyay SR, Pandey D, Imtiaz M, Rehman MU, Hussain M, Hussain M, Ud-Din R, Qamar M, Sohail M, Mujahid MY, Ahmad G, Khan AJ, Sial MA, Mustatea P, von Well E, Ncala M, de Groot S, Hussein AHA, Tahir ISA, Idris AAM, Elamein HMM, Manes Y, Joshi AK. Correction to: Strategic crossing of biomass and harvest index-source and sink-achieves genetic gains in wheat. EUPHYTICA: NETHERLANDS JOURNAL OF PLANT BREEDING 2018; 214:9. [PMID: 31187787 DOI: 10.1007/s10681-017-2040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s10681-017-2040-z.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Reynolds
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Alistair J D Pask
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | | | - Kai Sonder
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Sivakumar Sukumaran
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Gemma Molero
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Carolina Saint Pierre
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Thomas Payne
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Ravi P Singh
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Hans J Braun
- 1International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo, 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | | | - Ignacio I Terrile
- 3Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Pergamino, Argentina
| | - Naresh C D Barma
- 4Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Hakim
- 4Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Zheru Fan
- 6Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Wulumuqi, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Adel Hagras
- Field Crops Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Rudra Naik
- 12University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | | | - Suma Biradar
- 12University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India
| | | | - Ravish Chatrath
- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Indu Sharma
- Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ernesto Solís-Moya
- 21Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Camacho-Casas
- 21Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Pedro Figueroa-López
- 21Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Javier Ireta-Moreno
- 21Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Borbón-Gracia
- 21Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Deepak Pandey
- Nepal Agriculture Research Council, Bhairahawa, Nepal
| | | | | | - Manzoor Hussain
- Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Makhdoom Hussain
- 26Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ud-Din
- Crop Sciences Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maqsood Qamar
- Crop Sciences Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Crop Sciences Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Y Mujahid
- Crop Sciences Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Ahmad
- Cereal Crop Research Institute, Nowshera-Pirsabak, Pakistan
| | - Abdul J Khan
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab-Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Pompiliu Mustatea
- National Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Fundulea, Romania
| | | | - Moses Ncala
- Small Grain Institute, Bethlehem, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gahlaut V, Jaiswal V, Tyagi BS, Singh G, Sareen S, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. QTL mapping for nine drought-responsive agronomic traits in bread wheat under irrigated and rain-fed environments. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182857. [PMID: 28793327 PMCID: PMC5550002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In bread wheat, QTL interval mapping was conducted for nine important drought responsive agronomic traits. For this purpose, a doubled haploid (DH) mapping population derived from Kukri/Excalibur was grown over three years at four separate locations in India, both under irrigated and rain-fed environments. Single locus analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM) allowed detection of 98 QTL, which included 66 QTL for nine individual agronomic traits and 32 QTL, which affected drought sensitivity index (DSI) for the same nine traits. Two-locus analysis allowed detection of 19 main effect QTL (M-QTL) for four traits (days to anthesis, days to maturity, grain filling duration and thousand grain weight) and 19 pairs of epistatic QTL (E-QTL) for two traits (days to anthesis and thousand grain weight). Eight QTL were common in single locus analysis and two locus analysis. These QTL (identified both in single- and two-locus analysis) were distributed on 20 different chromosomes (except 4D). Important genomic regions on chromosomes 5A and 7A were also identified (5A carried QTL for seven traits and 7A carried QTL for six traits). Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) involving pyramiding of important QTL reported in the present study, together with important QTL reported earlier, may be used for improvement of drought tolerance in wheat. In future, more closely linked markers for the QTL reported here may be developed through fine mapping, and the candidate genes may be identified and used for developing a better understanding of the genetic basis of drought tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Gahlaut
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Vandana Jaiswal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Bhudeva S. Tyagi
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Sindhu Sareen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Harindra S. Balyan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ovenden B, Milgate A, Wade LJ, Rebetzke GJ, Holland JB. Genome-Wide Associations for Water-Soluble Carbohydrate Concentration and Relative Maturity in Wheat Using SNP and DArT Marker Arrays. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2017; 7:2821-2830. [PMID: 28655739 PMCID: PMC5555485 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.039842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Improving water-use efficiency by incorporating drought avoidance traits into new wheat varieties is an important objective for wheat breeding in water-limited environments. This study uses genome wide association studies (GWAS) to identify candidate loci for water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation-an important drought-avoidance characteristic in wheat. Phenotypes from a multi-environment trial with experiments differing in water availability and separate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and diversity arrays technology (DArT) marker sets were used to perform the analyses. Significant associations for water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation were identified on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D, 2D, and 4A. Notably, these loci did not collocate with the major loci identified for relative maturity. Loci on chromosome 1D collocated with markers previously associated with the high molecular weight glutenin Glu-D1 locus. Genetic × environmental interactions impacted the results strongly, with significant associations for carbohydrate accumulation identified only in the water-deficit experiments. The markers associated with carbohydrate accumulation may be useful for marker-assisted selection of drought tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ovenden
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Yanco Agricultural Institute, New South Wales 2703, Australia
| | - Andrew Milgate
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, New South Wales 2650, Australia
| | - Len J Wade
- Charles Sturt University, Graham Centre, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
| | - Greg J Rebetzke
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Agriculture and Food, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - James B Holland
- Plant Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bi H, Kovalchuk N, Langridge P, Tricker PJ, Lopato S, Borisjuk N. The impact of drought on wheat leaf cuticle properties. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:85. [PMID: 28482800 PMCID: PMC5422891 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant cuticle is the outermost layer covering aerial tissues and is composed of cutin and waxes. The cuticle plays an important role in protection from environmental stresses and glaucousness, the bluish-white colouration of plant surfaces associated with cuticular waxes, has been suggested as a contributing factor in crop drought tolerance. However, the cuticle structure and composition is complex and it is not clear which aspects are important in determining a role in drought tolerance. Therefore, we analysed residual transpiration rates, cuticle structure and epicuticular wax composition under well-watered conditions and drought in five Australian bread wheat genotypes, Kukri, Excalibur, Drysdale, RAC875 and Gladius, with contrasting glaucousness and drought tolerance. RESULTS Significant differences were detected in residual transpiration rates between non-glaucous and drought-sensitive Kukri and four glaucous and drought-tolerant lines. No simple correlation was found between residual transpiration rates and the level of glaucousness among glaucous lines. Modest differences in the thickness of cuticle existed between the examined genotypes, while drought significantly increased thickness in Drysdale and RAC875. Wax composition analyses showed various amounts of C31 β-diketone among genotypes and increases in the content of alkanes under drought in all examined wheat lines. CONCLUSIONS The results provide new insights into the relationship between drought stress and the properties and structure of the wheat leaf cuticle. In particular, the data highlight the importance of the cuticle's biochemical makeup, rather than a simple correlation with glaucousness or stomatal density, for water loss under limited water conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Bi
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Nataliya Kovalchuk
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Penny J. Tricker
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Sergiy Lopato
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1 Glen Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia 5064 Australia
- Present address: School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300 China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Alptekin B, Langridge P, Budak H. Abiotic stress miRNomes in the Triticeae. Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 17:145-170. [PMID: 27665284 PMCID: PMC5383695 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The continued growth in world population necessitates increases in both the quantity and quality of agricultural production. Triticeae members, particularly wheat and barley, make an important contribution to world food reserves by providing rich sources of carbohydrate and protein. These crops are grown over diverse production environments that are characterized by a range of environmental or abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, salinity, or nutrient deficiencies and toxicities cause large yield losses resulting in economic and environmental damage. The negative effects of abiotic stresses have increased at an alarming rate in recent years and are predicted to further deteriorate due to climate change, land degradation, and declining water supply. New technologies have provided an important tool with great potential for improving crop tolerance to the abiotic stresses: microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small regulators of gene expression that act on many different molecular and biochemical processes such as development, environmental adaptation, and stress tolerance. miRNAs can act at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, although post-transcriptional regulation is the most common in plants where miRNAs can inhibit the translation of their mRNA targets via complementary binding and cleavage. To date, expression of several miRNA families such as miR156, miR159, and miR398 has been detected as responsive to environmental conditions to regulate stress-associated molecular mechanisms individually and/or together with their various miRNA partners. Manipulation of these miRNAs and their targets may pave the way to improve crop performance under several abiotic stresses. Here, we summarize the current status of our knowledge on abiotic stress-associated miRNAs in members of the Triticeae tribe, specifically in wheat and barley, and the miRNA-based regulatory mechanisms triggered by stress conditions. Exploration of further miRNA families together with their functions under stress will improve our knowledge and provide opportunities to enhance plant performance to help us meet global food demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Alptekin
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mwadzingeni L, Shimelis H, Rees DJG, Tsilo TJ. Genome-wide association analysis of agronomic traits in wheat under drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171692. [PMID: 28234945 PMCID: PMC5325217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the population structure and genome-wide marker-trait association of agronomic traits of wheat for drought-tolerance breeding. Ninety-three diverse bread wheat genotypes were genotyped using the Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArTseq) protocol. The number of days-to-heading (DTH), number of days-to-maturity (DTM), plant height (PHT), spike length (SPL), number of kernels per spike (KPS), thousand kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield (GYLD), assessed under drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions, were considered for the study. Population structure analysis and genome-wide association mapping were undertaken based on 16,383 silico DArTs loci with < 10% missing data. The population evaluated was grouped into nine distinct genetic structures. Inter-chromosomal linkage disequilibrium showed the existence of linkage decay as physical distance increased. A total of 62 significant (P < 0.001) marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected explaining more than 20% of the phenotypic variation observed under both drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions. Significant (P < 0.001) MTA event(s) were observed for DTH, PHT, SPL, SPS, and KPS; under both stressed and non-stressed conditions, while additional significant (P < 0.05) associations were observed for TKW, DTM and GYLD under non-stressed condition. The MTAs reported in this population could be useful to initiate marker-assisted selection (MAS) and targeted trait introgression of wheat under drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions, and for fine mapping and cloning of the underlying genes and QTL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Learnmore Mwadzingeni
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute (ARC-SGI), Bethlehem, South Africa
| | - Hussein Shimelis
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - D. Jasper G. Rees
- Agricultural Research Council-Biotechnology Platform, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Toi J. Tsilo
- Agricultural Research Council-Small Grain Institute (ARC-SGI), Bethlehem, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dubois M, Claeys H, Van den Broeck L, Inzé D. Time of day determines Arabidopsis transcriptome and growth dynamics under mild drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:180-189. [PMID: 27479938 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major problem for agriculture worldwide, causing significant yield losses. Plants have developed highly flexible mechanisms to deal with drought, including organ- and developmental stage-specific responses. In young leaves, growth is repressed as an active mechanism to save water and energy, increasing the chances of survival but decreasing yield. Despite its importance, the molecular basis for this growth inhibition is largely unknown. Here, we present a novel approach to explore early molecular mechanisms controlling Arabidopsis leaf growth inhibition following mild drought. We found that growth and transcriptome responses to drought are highly dynamic. Growth was only repressed by drought during the day, and our evidence suggests that this may be due to gating by the circadian clock. Similarly, time of day strongly affected the extent, specificity, and in certain cases even direction of drought-induced changes in gene expression. These findings underscore the importance of taking into account diurnal patterns to understand stress responses, as only a small core of drought-responsive genes are affected by drought at all times of the day. Finally, we leveraged our high-resolution data to demonstrate that phenotypic and transcriptome responses can be matched to identify putative novel regulators of growth under mild drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Dubois
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannes Claeys
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Van den Broeck
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ferdous J, Sanchez-Ferrero JC, Langridge P, Milne L, Chowdhury J, Brien C, Tricker PJ. Differential expression of microRNAs and potential targets under drought stress in barley. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:11-24. [PMID: 27155357 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a crucial environmental constraint limiting crop production in many parts of the world. microRNA (miRNA) based gene regulation has been shown to act in several pathways, including crop response to drought stress. Sequence based profiling and computational analysis have revealed hundreds of miRNAs and their potential targets in different plant species under various stress conditions, but few have been biologically verified. In this study, 11 candidate miRNAs were tested for their expression profiles in barley. Differences in accumulation of only four miRNAs (Ath-miR169b, Osa-miR1432, Hv-miRx5 and Hv-miR166b/c) were observed between drought-treated and well-watered barley in four genotypes. miRNA targets were predicted using degradome analysis of two, different genotypes, and genotype-specific target cleavage was observed. Inverse correlation of mature miRNA accumulation with miRNA target transcripts was also genotype dependent under drought treatment. Drought-responsive miRNAs accumulated predominantly in mesophyll tissues. Our results demonstrate genotype-specific miRNA regulation under drought stress and evidence for their role in mediating expression of target genes for abiotic stress response in barley.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdous
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Sanchez-Ferrero
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Linda Milne
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Jamil Chowdhury
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Chris Brien
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Penny J Tricker
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Aravind J, Rinku S, Pooja B, Shikha M, Kaliyugam S, Mallikarjuna MG, Kumar A, Rao AR, Nepolean T. Identification, Characterization, and Functional Validation of Drought-responsive MicroRNAs in Subtropical Maize Inbreds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:941. [PMID: 28626466 PMCID: PMC5454542 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-mediated gene regulation plays a crucial role in controlling drought tolerance. In the present investigation, 13 drought-associated miRNA families consisting of 65 members and regulating 42 unique target mRNAs were identified from drought-associated microarray expression data in maize and were subjected to structural and functional characterization. The largest number of members (14) was found in the zma-miR166 and zma-miR395 families, with several targets. However, zma-miR160, zma-miR390, zma-miR393, and zma-miR2275 each showed a single target. Twenty-three major drought-responsive cis-regulatory elements were found in the upstream regions of miRNAs. Many drought-related transcription factors, such as GAMYB, HD-Zip III, and NAC, were associated with the target mRNAs. Furthermore, two contrasting subtropical maize genotypes (tolerant: HKI-1532 and sensitive: V-372) were used to understand the miRNA-assisted regulation of target mRNA under drought stress. Approximately 35 and 31% of miRNAs were up-regulated in HKI-1532 and V-372, respectively. The up-regulation of target mRNAs was as high as 14.2% in HKI-1532 but was only 2.38% in V-372. The expression patterns of miRNA-target mRNA pairs were classified into four different types: Type I- up-regulation, Type II- down-regulation, Type III- neutral regulation, and Type IV- opposite regulation. HKI-1532 displayed 46 Type I, 13 Type II, and 23 Type III patterns, whereas V-372 had mostly Type IV interactions (151). A low level of negative regulations of miRNA associated with a higher level of mRNA activity in the tolerant genotype helped to maintain crucial biological functions such as ABA signaling, the auxin response pathway, the light-responsive pathway and endosperm expression under stress conditions, thereby leading to drought tolerance. Our study identified candidate miRNAs and mRNAs operating in important pathways under drought stress conditions, and these candidates will be useful in the development of drought-tolerant maize hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Aravind
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- Division of Germplasm Conservation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic ResourcesNew Delhi, India
| | - Sharma Rinku
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar UniversityGautam Buddha Nagar, India
| | - Banduni Pooja
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Mittal Shikha
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Shiriga Kaliyugam
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar
- National Phytotron Facility, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Atmakuri Ramakrishna Rao
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Nepolean
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Thirunavukkarasu Nepolean ;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ma D, Ding H, Wang C, Qin H, Han Q, Hou J, Lu H, Xie Y, Guo T. Alleviation of Drought Stress by Hydrogen Sulfide Is Partially Related to the Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathway in Wheat. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163082. [PMID: 27649534 PMCID: PMC5029883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Little information is available describing the effects of exogenous H2S on the ABA pathway in the acquisition of drought tolerance in wheat. In this study, we investigated the physiological parameters, the transcription levels of several genes involved in the abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism pathway, and the ABA and H2S contents in wheat leaves and roots under drought stress in response to exogenous NaHS treatment. The results showed that pretreatment with NaHS significantly increased plant height and the leaf relative water content of seedlings under drought stress. Compared with drought stress treatment alone, H2S application increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced MDA and H2O2 contents in both leaves and roots. NaHS pretreatment increased the expression levels of ABA biosynthesis and ABA reactivation genes in leaves; whereas the expression levels of ABA biosynthesis and ABA catabolism genes were up-regulated in roots. These results indicated that ABA participates in drought tolerance induced by exogenous H2S, and that the responses in leaves and roots are different. The transcription levels of genes encoding ABA receptors were up-regulated in response to NaHS pretreatment under drought conditions in both leaves and roots. Correspondingly, the H2S contents in leaves and roots were increased by NaHS pretreatment, while the ABA contents of leaves and roots decreased. This implied that there is complex crosstalk between these two signal molecules, and that the alleviation of drought stress by H2S, at least in part, involves the ABA signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huina Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Haixia Qin
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qiaoxia Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Junfeng Hou
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongfang Lu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 45002, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 45002, China
| | - Tiancai Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 45002, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ong Q, Nguyen P, Thao NP, Le L. Bioinformatics Approach in Plant Genomic Research. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:368-78. [PMID: 27499685 PMCID: PMC4955030 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160331202956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The advance in genomics technology leads to the dramatic change in plant biology research. Plant biologists now easily access to enormous genomic data to deeply study plant high-density genetic variation at molecular level. Therefore, fully understanding and well manipulating bioinformatics tools to manage and analyze these data are essential in current plant genome research. Many plant genome databases have been established and continued expanding recently. Meanwhile, analytical methods based on bioinformatics are also well developed in many aspects of plant genomic research including comparative genomic analysis, phylogenomics and evolutionary analysis, and genome-wide association study. However, constantly upgrading in computational infrastructures, such as high capacity data storage and high performing analysis software, is the real challenge for plant genome research. This review paper focuses on challenges and opportunities which knowledge and skills in bioinformatics can bring to plant scientists in present plant genomics era as well as future aspects in critical need for effective tools to facilitate the translation of knowledge from new sequencing data to enhancement of plant productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quang Ong
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Phuong Thao
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ly Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Reynolds M, Langridge P. Physiological breeding. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 31:162-71. [PMID: 27161822 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Physiological breeding crosses parents with different complex but complementary traits to achieve cumulative gene action for yield, while selecting progeny using remote sensing, possibly in combination with genomic selection. Physiological approaches have already demonstrated significant genetic gains in Australia and several developing countries of the International Wheat Improvement Network. The techniques involved (see Graphical Abstract) also provide platforms for research and refinement of breeding methodologies. Recent examples of these include screening genetic resources for novel expression of Calvin cycle enzymes, identification of common genetic bases for heat and drought adaptation, and genetic dissection of trade-offs among yield components. Such information, combined with results from physiological crosses designed to test novel trait combinations, lead to more precise breeding strategies, and feed models of genotype-by-environment interaction to help build new plant types and experimental environments for future climates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Reynolds
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li M, Li Y, Zhao J, Liu H, Jia S, Li J, Zhao H, Han S, Wang Y. GpDSR7, a Novel E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene in Grimmia pilifera Is Involved in Tolerance to Drought Stress in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155455. [PMID: 27228205 PMCID: PMC4882056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of plants under drought stress depends mainly on the expression levels of various genes and modification of proteins. To clarify the molecular mechanism of drought-tolerance of plants, suppression subtractive hybridisation cDNA libraries were screened to identify drought-stress-responsive unigenes in Grimmia pilifera, and a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase gene, GpDSR7, was identified among the 240 responsive unigenes. GpDSR7 expression was induced by various abiotic stresses, particularly by drought. GpDSR7 displayed E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro and was exclusively localised on the ER membrane in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. GpDSR7-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed a high water content and survival ratio under drought stress. Moreover, the expression levels of some marker genes involved in drought stress were higher in the transgenic plants than in wild-type plants. These results suggest that GpDSR7, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is involved in tolerance to drought stress at the protein modification level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Merchuk-Ovnat L, Barak V, Fahima T, Ordon F, Lidzbarsky GA, Krugman T, Saranga Y. Ancestral QTL Alleles from Wild Emmer Wheat Improve Drought Resistance and Productivity in Modern Wheat Cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:452. [PMID: 27148287 PMCID: PMC4832586 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is considered a promising source for improving stress resistances in domesticated wheat. Here we explored the potential of selected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from wild emmer wheat, introgressed via marker-assisted selection, to enhance drought resistance in elite durum (T. turgidum ssp. durum) and bread (T. aestivum) wheat cultivars. The resultant near-isogenic lines (BC3F3 and BC3F4) were genotyped using SNP array to confirm the introgressed genomic regions and evaluated in two consecutive years under well-watered (690-710 mm) and water-limited (290-320 mm) conditions. Three of the introgressed QTLs were successfully validated, two in the background of durum wheat cv. Uzan (on chromosomes 1BL and 2BS), and one in the background of bread wheat cvs. Bar Nir and Zahir (chromosome 7AS). In most cases, the QTL x environment interaction was validated in terms of improved grain yield and biomass-specifically under drought (7AS QTL in cv. Bar Nir background), under both treatments (2BS QTL), and a greater stability across treatments (1BL QTL). The results provide a first demonstration that introgression of wild emmer QTL alleles can enhance productivity and yield stability across environments in domesticated wheat, thereby enriching the modern gene pool with essential diversity for the improvement of drought resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianne Merchuk-Ovnat
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot, Israel
| | - Vered Barak
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot, Israel
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of HaifaHaifa, Israel
| | - Frank Ordon
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Julius Kuehn-Institute, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress ToleranceQuedlinburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel A. Lidzbarsky
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of HaifaHaifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of HaifaHaifa, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Saranga
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Maccaferri M, El-Feki W, Nazemi G, Salvi S, Canè MA, Colalongo MC, Stefanelli S, Tuberosa R. Prioritizing quantitative trait loci for root system architecture in tetraploid wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1161-78. [PMID: 26880749 PMCID: PMC4753857 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of root system architecture (RSA) traits is an important objective for modern wheat breeding. Linkage and association mapping for RSA in two recombinant inbred line populations and one association mapping panel of 183 elite durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) accessions evaluated as seedlings grown on filter paper/polycarbonate screening plates revealed 20 clusters of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for root length and number, as well as 30 QTLs for root growth angle (RGA). Divergent RGA phenotypes observed by seminal root screening were validated by root phenotyping of field-grown adult plants. QTLs were mapped on a high-density tetraploid consensus map based on transcript-associated Illumina 90K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) developed for bread and durum wheat, thus allowing for an accurate cross-referencing of RSA QTLs between durum and bread wheat. Among the main QTL clusters for root length and number highlighted in this study, 15 overlapped with QTLs for multiple RSA traits reported in bread wheat, while out of 30 QTLs for RGA, only six showed co-location with previously reported QTLs in wheat. Based on their relative additive effects/significance, allelic distribution in the association mapping panel, and co-location with QTLs for grain weight and grain yield, the RSA QTLs have been prioritized in terms of breeding value. Three major QTL clusters for root length and number (RSA_QTL_cluster_5#, RSA_QTL_cluster_6#, and RSA_QTL_cluster_12#) and nine RGA QTL clusters (QRGA.ubo-2A.1, QRGA.ubo-2A.3, QRGA.ubo-2B.2/2B.3, QRGA.ubo-4B.4, QRGA.ubo-6A.1, QRGA.ubo-6A.2, QRGA.ubo-7A.1, QRGA.ubo-7A.2, and QRGA.ubo-7B) appear particularly valuable for further characterization towards a possible implementation of breeding applications in marker-assisted selection and/or cloning of the causal genes underlying the QTLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Walid El-Feki
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, 23714 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ghasemali Nazemi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy Department of Agriculture, Hajiabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, 21100 Hajiabad, Iran
| | - Silvio Salvi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Canè
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Colalongo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Stefanelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Tuberosa
- Department of Agricultural Sciences (DipSA), University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shavrukov Y, Baho M, Lopato S, Langridge P. The TaDREB3 transgene transferred by conventional crossings to different genetic backgrounds of bread wheat improves drought tolerance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:313-22. [PMID: 25940960 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Drought tolerance of the wheat cultivar Bobwhite was previously enhanced by transformation with a construct containing the wheat DREB3 gene driven by the stress-inducible maize Rab17 promoter. Progeny of a single T2 transgenic line were used as pollinators in crosses with four elite bread wheat cultivars from Western Australia: Bonnie Rock, IGW-2971, Magenta and Wyalkatchem, with the aim of evaluating transgene performance in different genetic backgrounds. The selected pollinator line, BW8-9-10-3, contained multiple transgene copies, had significantly improved drought tolerance compared with wild-type plants and showed no growth and development penalties or abnormalities. A single hybrid plant was selected from each cross-combination for three rounds of backcrossing with the corresponding maternal wheat cultivar. The transgene was detected in all four F1 BC3 combinations, but stress-inducible transgene expression was found in only three of the four combinations. Under well-watered conditions, the phenotypes and grain yield components of the F2 BC3 transgene-expressing lines were similar to those of corresponding recurrent parents and null-segregants. Under severe drought conditions, the backcross lines demonstrated 12-18% higher survival rates than the corresponding control plants. Two from four F3 BC3 transgenic lines showed significantly higher yield (18.9% and 21.5%) than control plants under limited water conditions. There was no induction of transgene expression under cold stress, and therefore, no improvement of frost tolerance observed in the progenies of drought-tolerant F3 BC3 lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Shavrukov
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Manahil Baho
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Sergiy Lopato
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| |
Collapse
|