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Ai JY, Liu CF, Zhang W, Rao GW. Current status of drugs targeting PDGF/PDGFR. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103989. [PMID: 38663580 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
As an important proangiogenic factor, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptor PDGFR are highly expressed in a variety of tumors, fibrosis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Targeting the PDGF/PDGFR pathway is therefore a promising therapeutic strategy. At present, a variety of PDGF/PDGFR targeted drugs with potential therapeutic effects have been developed, mainly including PDGF agonists, inhibitors targeting PDGFR and proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTACs). This review clarifies the structure, biological function and disease correlation of PDGF and PDGFR, and it discusses the current status of PDGFR-targeted drugs, so as to provide a reference for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yan Ai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Chen-Fu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Guo-Wu Rao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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2
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Cheng MF, Abdullah FS, Buechler MB. Essential growth factor receptors for fibroblast homeostasis and activation: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR), Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR), and Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor (TGFβR). F1000Res 2024; 13:120. [PMID: 38988879 PMCID: PMC11234085 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.143514.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are cells of mesenchymal origin that are found throughout the body. While these cells have several functions, their integral roles include maintaining tissue architecture through the production of key extracellular matrix components, and participation in wound healing after injury. Fibroblasts are also key mediators in disease progression during fibrosis, cancer, and other inflammatory diseases. Under these perturbed states, fibroblasts can activate into inflammatory fibroblasts or contractile myofibroblasts. Fibroblasts require various growth factors and mitogenic molecules for survival, proliferation, and differentiation. While the activity of mitogenic growth factors on fibroblasts in vitro was characterized as early as the 1970s, the proliferation and differentiation effects of growth factors on these cells in vivo are unclear. Recent work exploring the heterogeneity of fibroblasts raises questions as to whether all fibroblast cell states exhibit the same growth factor requirements. Here, we will examine and review existing studies on the influence of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), and transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFβR) on fibroblast cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maye F. Cheng
- Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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3
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Bhat GP, Maurizio A, Motta A, Podini P, Diprima S, Malpighi C, Brambilla I, Martins L, Badaloni A, Boselli D, Bianchi F, Pellegatta M, Genua M, Ostuni R, Del Carro U, Taveggia C, de Pretis S, Quattrini A, Bonanomi D. Structured wound angiogenesis instructs mesenchymal barrier compartments in the regenerating nerve. Neuron 2024; 112:209-229.e11. [PMID: 37972594 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Organ injury stimulates the formation of new capillaries to restore blood supply raising questions about the potential contribution of neoangiogenic vessel architecture to the healing process. Using single-cell mapping, we resolved the properties of endothelial cells that organize a polarized scaffold at the repair site of lesioned peripheral nerves. Transient reactivation of an embryonic guidance program is required to orient neovessels across the wound. Manipulation of this structured angiogenic response through genetic and pharmacological targeting of Plexin-D1/VEGF pathways within an early window of repair has long-term impact on configuration of the nerve stroma. Neovessels direct nerve-resident mesenchymal cells to mold a provisionary fibrotic scar by assembling an orderly system of stable barrier compartments that channel regenerating nerve fibers and shield them from the persistently leaky vasculature. Thus, guided and balanced repair angiogenesis enables the construction of a "bridge" microenvironment conducive for axon regrowth and homeostasis of the regenerated tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Parameshwar Bhat
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Maurizio
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Motta
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Podini
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Santo Diprima
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Malpighi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Brambilla
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luis Martins
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Badaloni
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Boselli
- FRACTAL-Flow cytometry Resource Advanced Cytometry Technical Applications Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Pellegatta
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Genua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Del Carro
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Taveggia
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano de Pretis
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Bonanomi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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4
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Han S, Lee MC, Rodríguez-delaRosa A, Kim J, Barroso-Zuppa M, Pineda-Rosales M, Kim SS, Hatanaka T, Yazdi IK, Bassous N, Sinha I, Pourquié O, Park S, Shin SR. Engineering Stem Cell Fate Controlling Biomaterials to Develop Muscle Connective Tissue Layered Myofibers. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2024; 34:2304153. [PMID: 38707790 PMCID: PMC11068219 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202304153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle connective tissue (MCT) surrounds myofiber bundles to provide structural support, produce force transduction from tendons, and regulate satellite cell differentiation during muscle regeneration. Engineered muscle tissue composed of myofibers layered within MCT has not yet been developed. Herein, a bioengineering strategy to create MCT-layered myofibers through the development of stem cell fate-controlling biomaterials that achieve both myogenesis and fibroblast differentiation in a locally controlled manner at the single construct is introduced. The reciprocal role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and its inhibitor as well as 3D matrix stiffness to achieve co-differentiation of MCT fibroblasts and myofibers from a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived paraxial mesoderm is studied. To avoid myogenic inhibition, TGF-β1 is conjugated on the gelatin-based hydrogel to control the fibroblasts' populations locally; the TGF-β1 degrades after 2 weeks, resulting in increased MCT-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) production. The locations of myofibers and fibroblasts are precisely controlled by using photolithography and co-axial wet spinning techniques, which results in the formation of MCT-layered functional myofibers in 3D constructs. This advanced engineering strategy is envisioned as a possible method for obtaining biomimetic human muscle grafts for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokgyu Han
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Chul Lee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-delaRosa
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jiseong Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Margot Barroso-Zuppa
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
- School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Montserrat Pineda-Rosales
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Seong Soo Kim
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Takaaki Hatanaka
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Future Mobility Research Department, Toyota Research Institute North America, Toyota Motor North America Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Iman K Yazdi
- School of Arts and Sciences, Regis College, Weston, MA 02493, USA
- LiquiGlide Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nicole Bassous
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivier Pourquié
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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5
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Gamradt P, Thierry K, Masmoudi M, Wu Z, Hernandez-Vargas H, Bachy S, Antonio T, Savas B, Hussain Z, Tomasini R, Milani P, Bertolino P, Hennino A. Stiffness-induced cancer-associated fibroblasts are responsible for immunosuppression in a platelet-derived growth factor ligand-dependent manner. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad405. [PMID: 38111825 PMCID: PMC10727001 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with a vast stromal reaction that arises mainly from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and promotes both immune escape and tumor growth. Here, we used a mouse model with deletion of the activin A receptor ALK4 in the context of the KrasG12D mutation, which strongly drives collagen deposition that leads to tissue stiffness. By ligand-receptor analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we identified that, in stiff conditions, neoplastic ductal cells instructed CAFs through sustained platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling. Tumor-associated tissue rigidity resulted in the emergence of stiffness-induced CAFs (siCAFs) in vitro and in vivo. Similar results were confirmed in human data. siCAFs were able to strongly inhibit CD8+ T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo, promoting local immunosuppression. More importantly, targeting PDGF signaling led to diminished siCAF and reduced tumor growth. Our data show for the first time that early paracrine signaling leads to profound changes in tissue mechanics, impacting immune responses and tumor progression. Our study highlights that PDGF ligand neutralization can normalize the tissue architecture independent of the genetic background, indicating that finely tuned stromal therapy may open new therapeutic avenues in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Gamradt
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Kevin Thierry
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Melissa Masmoudi
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
- StromaCare, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Zhichong Wu
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hector Hernandez-Vargas
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Sophie Bachy
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
- StromaCare, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Tiffanie Antonio
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Berkan Savas
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Bertolino
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
| | - Ana Hennino
- Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Lyon F-69373, France
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon F-69000, France
- Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon F-69008, France
- StromaCare, Lyon F-69008, France
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6
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Yao L, Jeong S, Kwon HR, Olson LE. Regulation of adipocyte dedifferentiation at the skin wound edge. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.22.568302. [PMID: 38045303 PMCID: PMC10690246 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.568302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Adipocytes have diverse roles in energy storage and metabolism, inflammation, and tissue repair. Mature adipocytes have been assumed to be terminally differentiated cells. However, recent evidence suggests that adipocytes retain substantial phenotypic plasticity, with potential to dedifferentiate into fibroblast-like cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we develop a two-step lineage tracing approach based on the observation that fibroblasts express platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha ( Pdgfra ) while adipocytes express Adiponectin ( Adipoq ) but not Pdgfra . Our approach specifically traces Pdgfra + cells that originate from Adipoq + adipocytes. We find many traced adipocytes and fibroblast-like cells surrounding skin wounds, but only a few traced cells localize to the wound center. In agreement with adipocyte plasticity, traced adipocytes incorporate EdU, downregulate Plin1 and PPARγ, and upregulate αSMA. We also investigate the role of potential dedifferentiation signals using constitutively active PDGFRα mutation, Pdgfra knockout, or Tgfbr2 knockout models. We find that PDGF and TGFβ signaling both promote dedifferentiation, and PDGFRα does so independently of TGFβR2. These results demonstrate an intersectional genetic approach to trace the hybrid cell phenotype of Pdgfra + adipocytes, which may be important for wound repair, regeneration and fibrosis.
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7
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De Jesus DF, Kimura T, Gupta MK, Kulkarni RN. NREP contributes to development of NAFLD by regulating one-carbon metabolism in primary human hepatocytes. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1144-1155.e4. [PMID: 37354909 PMCID: PMC10529627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. We recently discovered that neuronal regeneration-related protein (NREP/P311), an epigenetically regulated gene reprogrammed by parental metabolic syndrome, is downregulated in human NAFLD. To investigate the impact of NREP insufficiency, we used RNA-sequencing, lipidomics, and antibody microarrays on primary human hepatocytes. NREP knockdown induced transcriptomic remodeling that overlapped with key pathways impacted in human steatosis and steatohepatitis. Additionally, we observed enrichment of pathways involving phosphatidylinositol signaling and one-carbon metabolism. Lipidomics analyses also revealed an increase in cholesterol esters and triglycerides and decreased phosphatidylcholine levels in NREP-deficient hepatocytes. Signalomics identified calcium signaling as a potential mediator of NREP insufficiency's effects. Our results, together with the encouraging observation that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the NREP locus are associated with metabolic traits, provide a strong rationale for targeting hepatic NREP to improve NAFLD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F De Jesus
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Chaen T, Kurosawa T, Kishi K, Kaji N, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Uezumi A, Hori M. Transcriptome analysis of mesenchymal stromal cells of the large and small intestinal smooth muscle layers reveals a unique gastrontestinal stromal signature. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101478. [PMID: 37153863 PMCID: PMC10160341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells in the muscle layer of the large intestine are essential for the regulation of intestinal motility. They form electrogenic syncytia with the smooth muscle and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) to regulate smooth muscle contraction. Mesenchymal stromal cells are present in the muscle layer throughout the gastrointestinal tract. However, their area-specific characteristics remain ambiguous. In this study, we compared mesenchymal stromal cells from the large and small intestinal muscle layers. Histological analysis using immunostaining showed that the cells in the large and small intestines were morphologically distinct. We established a method to isolate mesenchymal stromal cells from wild-type mice with platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) as a marker on the cell surface and performed RNAseq. Transcriptome analysis revealed that PDGFRα+ cells in the large intestine exhibited increased expression levels of collagen-related genes, whereas PDGFRα+ cells in the small intestine exhibited increased expression levels of channel/transporter genes, including Kcn genes. These results suggest that mesenchymal stromal cells differ morphologically and functionally depending on gastrointestinal tract. Further investigations of the cellular properties of mesenchymal stromal cells in the gastrointestinal tract will aid in optimizing methods for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Chaen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kurosawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Division of Cell Heterogeneity, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kishi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kaji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71, Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi
- Division of Cell Heterogeneity, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Division of Cell Heterogeneity, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Rossi F, Liu M, Tieniber A, Etherington MS, Hanna A, Vitiello GA, Param NJ, Do K, Wang L, Antonescu CR, Zeng S, Zhang JQ, DeMatteo RP. Myosin Light-Chain Kinase Inhibition Potentiates the Antitumor Effects of Avapritinib in PDGFRA D842V-Mutant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:2144-2157. [PMID: 36971786 PMCID: PMC10239357 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To create an in vivo model of PDGFRA D842V-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and identify the mechanism of tumor persistence following avapritinib therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We created a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) of PDGFRA D842V-mutant GIST and tested the effects of imatinib, avapritinib, and ML-7, an inhibitor of myosin light-chain kinase (MYLK). Bulk tumor RNA sequencing and oncogenic signaling were evaluated. Apoptosis, survival, and actin cytoskeleton were evaluated in GIST T1 cells and isolated PDX cells in vitro. Human GIST specimens were analyzed for MYLK expression. RESULTS The PDX was minimally responsive to imatinib but sensitive to avapritinib. Avapritinib therapy increased tumor expression of genes related to the actin cytoskeleton, including MYLK. ML-7 induced apoptosis and disrupted actin filaments in short-term cultures of PDX cells and decreased survival in GIST T1 cells in combination with imatinib or avapritinib. Combined therapy with ML-7 improved the antitumor effects of low-dose avapritinib in vivo. Furthermore, MYLK was expressed in human GIST specimens. CONCLUSIONS MYLK upregulation is a novel mechanism of tumor persistence after tyrosine kinase inhibition. Concomitant MYLK inhibition may enable the use of a lower dose of avapritinib, which is associated with dose-dependent cognitive side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Rossi
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Andrew Tieniber
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Mark S. Etherington
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Andrew Hanna
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Gerardo A. Vitiello
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Nesteene J. Param
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Kevin Do
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Laura Wang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | | | - Shan Zeng
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Jennifer Q. Zhang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
| | - Ronald P. DeMatteo
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA
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10
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Umar M, Bartoletti G, Dong C, Gahankari A, Browne D, Deng A, Jaramillo J, Sammarco M, Simkin J, He F. Characterizing the role of Pdgfra in calvarial development. Dev Dyn 2023; 252:589-604. [PMID: 36606407 PMCID: PMC10159935 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian calvarium is composed of flat bones developed from two origins, neural crest, and mesoderm. Cells from both origins exhibit similar behavior but express distinct transcriptomes. It is intriguing to ask whether genes shared by both origins play similar or distinct roles in development. In the present study, we have examined the role of Pdgfra, which is expressed in both neural crest and mesoderm, in specific lineages during calvarial development. RESULTS We found that in calvarial progenitor cells, Pdgfra is needed to maintain normal proliferation and migration of neural crest cells but only proliferation of mesoderm cells. Later in calvarial osteoblasts, we found that Pdgfra is necessary for both proliferation and differentiation of neural crest-derived cells, but not for differentiation of mesoderm-derived cells. We also examined the potential interaction between Pdgfra and other signaling pathway involved in calvarial osteoblasts but did not identify significant alteration of Wnt or Hh signaling activity in Pdgfra genetic models. CONCLUSIONS Pdgfra is required for normal calvarial development in both neural crest cells and mesoderm cells, but these lineages exhibit distinct responses to alteration of Pdgfra activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Umar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Garrett Bartoletti
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chunmin Dong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Apurva Gahankari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Danielle Browne
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alastair Deng
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Josue Jaramillo
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mimi Sammarco
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jennifer Simkin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Health Sciences Center, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Fenglei He
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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11
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Caligiuri G, Tuveson DA. Activated fibroblasts in cancer: Perspectives and challenges. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:434-449. [PMID: 36917949 PMCID: PMC11022589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Activated fibroblasts in tumors, or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), have become a popular research area over the past decade. As important players in many aspects of tumor biology, with functions ranging from collagen deposition to immunosuppression, CAFs have been the target of clinical and pre-clinical studies that have revealed their potential pro- and anti-tumorigenic dichotomy. In this review, we describe the important role of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment and the technological advances that made these discoveries possible, and we detail the models that are currently available for CAF investigation. Additionally, we present evidence to support the value of encompassing CAF investigation as a future therapeutic avenue alongside immune and cancer cells while highlighting the challenges that must be addressed for successful clinical translation of new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
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12
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Jung HJ, Yeo S, Jang J, Pleasure S, Choe Y. Brain heterotopia formation by ciliopathic breakdown of neuroepithelial and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Brain Pathol 2023:e13148. [PMID: 36623505 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The developmental functions of primary cilia and the downstream signaling pathways have been widely studied; however, the roles of primary cilia in the developing neurovascular system are not clearly understood. In this study, we found that ablation of genes encoding ciliary transport proteins such as intraflagellar transport homolog 88 (Ift88) and kinesin family member 3a (Kif3a) in cortical radial progenitors led to periventricular heterotopia during late mouse embryogenesis. Conditional mutation of primary cilia unexpectedly caused breakdown of both the neuroepithelial lining and the blood-choroid plexus barrier. Choroidal leakage was partially caused by enlargement of the choroid plexus in the cilia mutants. We found that the choroid plexus expressed platelet-derived growth factor A (Pdgf-A) and that Pdgf-A expression was ectopically increased in cilia-mutant embryos. Cortices obtained from embryos in utero electroporated with Pdgfa mimicked periventricular heterotopic nodules of the cilia mutant. These results suggest that defective ciliogenesis in both cortical progenitors and the choroid plexus leads to breakdown of cortical and choroidal barriers causing forebrain neuronal dysplasia, which may be related to developmental cortical malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seungeun Yeo
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | - Samuel Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience, Developmental Stem Cell Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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13
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Wang K, Wen D, Xu X, Zhao R, Jiang F, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Li Q. Extracellular matrix stiffness-The central cue for skin fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1132353. [PMID: 36968277 PMCID: PMC10031116 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1132353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin fibrosis is a physiopathological process featuring the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), which is the main architecture that provides structural support and constitutes the microenvironment for various cellular behaviors. Recently, increasing interest has been drawn to the relationship between the mechanical properties of the ECM and the initiation and modulation of skin fibrosis, with the engagement of a complex network of signaling pathways, the activation of mechanosensitive proteins, and changes in immunoregulation and metabolism. Simultaneous with the progression of skin fibrosis, the stiffness of ECM increases, which in turn perturbs mechanical and humoral homeostasis to drive cell fate toward an outcome that maintains and enhances the fibrosis process, thus forming a pro-fibrotic "positive feedback loop". In this review, we highlighted the central role of the ECM and its dynamic changes at both the molecular and cellular levels in skin fibrosis. We paid special attention to signaling pathways regulated by mechanical cues in ECM remodeling. We also systematically summarized antifibrotic interventions targeting the ECM, hopefully enlightening new strategies for fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongsheng Wen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feipeng Jiang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengqin Yuan
- School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yifan Zhang, ; Ya Gao, ; Qingfeng Li,
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14
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Owen JS, Clayton A, Pearson HB. Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Heterogeneity, Activation and Function: Implications for Prostate Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 13:67. [PMID: 36671452 PMCID: PMC9856041 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME) during prostate tumorigenesis is emerging as a critical event that facilitates cancer growth, progression and drug-resistance. Recent advances have identified extensive communication networks that enable tumor-stroma cross-talk, and emphasized the functional importance of diverse, heterogeneous stromal fibroblast populations during malignant growth. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a vital component of the TME, which mediate key oncogenic events including angiogenesis, immunosuppression, metastatic progression and therapeutic resistance, thus presenting an attractive therapeutic target. Nevertheless, how fibroblast heterogeneity, recruitment, cell-of-origin and differential functions contribute to prostate cancer remains to be fully delineated. Developing our molecular understanding of these processes is fundamental to developing new therapies and biomarkers that can ultimately improve clinical outcomes. In this review, we explore the current challenges surrounding fibroblast identification, discuss new mechanistic insights into fibroblast functions during normal prostate tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis, and illustrate the diverse nature of fibroblast recruitment and CAF generation. We also highlight the promise of CAF-targeted therapies for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine S. Owen
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Aled Clayton
- Tissue Microenvironment Group, Division of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Helen B. Pearson
- The European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
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15
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Odell ID, Steach H, Gauld SB, Reinke-Breen L, Karman J, Carr TL, Wetter JB, Phillips L, Hinchcliff M, Flavell RA. Epiregulin is a dendritic cell-derived EGFR ligand that maintains skin and lung fibrosis. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabq6691. [PMID: 36490328 PMCID: PMC9840167 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq6691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells are fundamental regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) production by fibroblasts and have important roles in determining extent of fibrosis in response to inflammation. Although much is known about fibroblast signaling in fibrosis, the molecular signals between immune cells and fibroblasts that drive its persistence are poorly understood. We therefore analyzed skin and lung samples of patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, an autoimmune disease that causes debilitating fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Here, we define a critical role of epiregulin-EGFR signaling between dendritic cells and fibroblasts to maintain elevated ECM production and accumulation in fibrotic tissue. We found that epiregulin expression marks an inducible state of DC3 dendritic cells triggered by type I interferon and that DC3-derived epiregulin activates EGFR on fibroblasts, driving a positive feedback loop through NOTCH signaling. In mouse models of skin and lung fibrosis, epiregulin was essential for persistence of fibrosis in both tissues, which could be abrogated by epiregulin genetic deficiency or a neutralizing antibody. Therapeutic administration of epiregulin antibody reversed fibrosis in patient skin and lung explants, identifying it as a previously unexplored biologic drug target. Our findings reveal epiregulin as a crucial immune signal that maintains skin and lung fibrosis in multiple diseases and represents a promising antifibrotic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D. Odell
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Holly Steach
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard A. Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Correspondence to: , Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-569, Post Office Box 208011, New Haven, CT 06520-8011
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16
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Dubuisson N, Versele R, Planchon C, Selvais CM, Noel L, Abou-Samra M, Davis-López de Carrizosa MA. Histological Methods to Assess Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Regeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16080. [PMID: 36555721 PMCID: PMC9786356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease caused by the loss of function of the protein dystrophin. This protein contributes to the stabilisation of striated cells during contraction, as it anchors the cytoskeleton with components of the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Moreover, absence of the functional protein affects the expression and function of proteins within the DAPC, leading to molecular events responsible for myofibre damage, muscle weakening, disability and, eventually, premature death. Presently, there is no cure for DMD, but different treatments help manage some of the symptoms. Advances in genetic and exon-skipping therapies are the most promising intervention, the safety and efficiency of which are tested in animal models. In addition to in vivo functional tests, ex vivo molecular evaluation aids assess to what extent the therapy has contributed to the regenerative process. In this regard, the later advances in microscopy and image acquisition systems and the current expansion of antibodies for immunohistological evaluation together with the development of different spectrum fluorescent dyes have made histology a crucial tool. Nevertheless, the complexity of the molecular events that take place in dystrophic muscles, together with the rise of a multitude of markers for each of the phases of the process, makes the histological assessment a challenging task. Therefore, here, we summarise and explain the rationale behind different histological techniques used in the literature to assess degeneration and regeneration in the field of dystrophinopathies, focusing especially on those related to DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dubuisson
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (CUSL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Versele
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Planchon
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille M. Selvais
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Noel
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - María A. Davis-López de Carrizosa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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17
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Tower RJ, Bancroft AC, Chowdary AR, Barnes S, Edwards NJ, Pagani CA, Dawson LA, Levi B. Single-cell mapping of regenerative and fibrotic healing responses after musculoskeletal injury. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2334-2348. [PMID: 36150381 PMCID: PMC9561541 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
After injury, a cascade of events repairs the damaged tissue, including expansion and differentiation of the progenitor pool and redeposition of matrix. To guide future wound regeneration strategies, we compared single-cell sequencing of regenerative (third phalangeal element [P3]) and fibrotic (second phalangeal element [P2]) digit tip amputation (DTA) models as well as traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO; aberrant). Analyses point to a common initial response to injury, including expansion of progenitors, redeposition of matrix, and activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and WNT pathways. Surprisingly, fibrotic P2 DTA showed greater transcriptional similarity to HO than to regenerative P3 DTA, suggesting that gene expression more strongly correlates with healing outcome than with injury type or cell origin. Differential analysis and immunostaining revealed altered activation of inflammatory pathways, such as the complement pathway, in the progenitor cells. These data suggests that common pathways are activated in response to damage but are fine tuned within each injury. Modulating these pathways may shift the balance toward regenerative outcomes. Regenerative and fibrotic injuries share common early response mechanisms Transcriptomes correlate with healing outcome more than injury type or cell source Matrix composition after injury-induced tissue repair is highly injury type dependent Inflammatory cascades are activated in immune and mesenchymal cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Alec C Bancroft
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashish R Chowdary
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Spencer Barnes
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Bioinformatics Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Nicole J Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chase A Pagani
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lindsay A Dawson
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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18
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Yao L, Rathnakar BH, Kwon HR, Sakashita H, Kim JH, Rackley A, Tomasek JJ, Berry WL, Olson LE. Temporal control of PDGFRα regulates the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in wound healing. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111192. [PMID: 35977484 PMCID: PMC9423027 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts by acquiring new contractile function. This is important for tissue repair, but it also contributes to organ fibrosis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) promotes tissue repair and fibrosis, but the relationship between PDGF and myofibroblasts is unclear. Using mice with lineage tracing linked to PDGF receptor α (PDGFRα) gene mutations, we examine cell fates during skin wound healing. Elevated PDGFRα signaling increases proliferation but unexpectedly delays the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, suggesting that PDGFRα must be downregulated for myofibroblast differentiation. In contrast, deletion of PDGFRα decreases proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation by reducing serum response factor (SRF) nuclear localization. Consequences of SRF deletion resemble PDGFRα deletion, but deletion of two SRF coactivators, MRTFA and MRTFB, specifically eliminates myofibroblasts. Our findings suggest a scenario where PDGFRα signaling initially supports proliferation of fibroblast progenitors to expand their number during early wound healing but, later, PDGFRα downregulation facilitates fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbiao Yao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Bharath H Rathnakar
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hae Ryong Kwon
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hiromi Sakashita
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jang H Kim
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Alex Rackley
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - James J Tomasek
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - William L Berry
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Lorin E Olson
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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19
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Marini V, Marino F, Aliberti F, Giarratana N, Pozzo E, Duelen R, Cortés Calabuig Á, La Rovere R, Vervliet T, Torella D, Bultynck G, Sampaolesi M, Chai YC. Long-term culture of patient-derived cardiac organoids recapitulated Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy and disease progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:878311. [PMID: 36035984 PMCID: PMC9403515 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.878311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular disease which to date is incurable. The major cause of death is dilated cardiomyopathy however, its pathogenesis is unclear as existing cellular and animal models do not fully recapitulate the human disease phenotypes. In this study, we generated cardiac organoids from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (DMD-COs) and isogenic-corrected controls (DMD-Iso-COs) and studied if DMD-related cardiomyopathy and disease progression occur in the organoids upon long-term culture (up to 93 days). Histological analysis showed that DMD-COs lack initial proliferative capacity, displayed a progressive loss of sarcoglycan localization and high stress in endoplasmic reticulum. Additionally, cardiomyocyte deterioration, fibrosis and aberrant adipogenesis were observed in DMD-COs over time. RNA sequencing analysis confirmed a distinct transcriptomic profile in DMD-COs which was associated with functional enrichment in hypertrophy/dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, adipogenesis and fibrosis pathways. Moreover, five miRNAs were identified to be crucial in this dysregulated gene network. In conclusion, we generated patient-derived cardiac organoid model that displayed DMD-related cardiomyopathy and disease progression phenotypes in long-term culture. We envision the feasibility to develop a more complex, realistic and reliable in vitro 3D human cardiac-mimics to study DMD-related cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Marini
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabiola Marino
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flaminia Aliberti
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Transplant Research Area, Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nefele Giarratana
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Enrico Pozzo
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Duelen
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rita La Rovere
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniele Torella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Yoke Chin Chai,
| | - Yoke Chin Chai
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Yoke Chin Chai,
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20
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Lu A, Tseng C, Guo P, Gao Z, Whitney KE, Kolonin MG, Huard J. The role of the aging microenvironment on the fate of PDGFRβ lineage cells in skeletal muscle repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:405. [PMID: 35932084 PMCID: PMC9356493 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During aging, perturbation of muscle progenitor cell (MPC) constituents leads to progressive loss of muscle mass and accumulation of adipose and fibrotic tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to adipocytes and fibroblasts that accumulate in injured and pathological skeletal muscle through constitutive activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs). Although the role of the PDGFRα has been widely explored, there is a paucity of evidence demonstrating the role of PDGFRβ in aged skeletal muscle. Methods In this study, we investigated the role of PDGFRβ lineage cells in skeletal muscle during aging by using Cre/loxP lineage tracing technology. The PDGFR-Cre mice were crossed with global double-fluorescent Cre reporter mice (mTmG) that indelibly marks PDGFRβ lineage cells. Those cells were analyzed and compared at different ages in the skeletal muscle of the mice. Results Our results demonstrated that PDGFRβ lineage cells isolated from the muscles of young mice are MPC-like cells that exhibited satellite cell morphology, expressed Pax7, and undergo myogenic differentiation producing myosin heavy chain expressing myotubes. Conversely, the PDGFRβ lineage cells isolated from muscles of old mice displayed MSC morphology with a reduced myogenic differentiation potential while expressing adipogenic and fibrotic differentiation markers. PDGFRβ lineage cells also gave rise to newly regenerated muscle fibers in young mice after muscle injury, but their muscle regenerative process is reduced in old mice. Conclusions Our data suggest that PDGFRβ lineage cells function as MPCs in young mice, while the same PDGFRβ lineage cells from old mice undergo a fate switch participating in adipose and fibrotic tissue infiltration in aged muscle. The inhibition of fate-switching in PDGFRβ lineage cells may represent a potential approach to prevent fibrosis and fatty infiltration in skeletal muscle during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Lu
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
| | - Chieh Tseng
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ping Guo
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Zhanguo Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E Whitney
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
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21
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Animal Models of Systemic Sclerosis: Using Nailfold Capillaroscopy as a Potential Tool to Evaluate Microcirculation and Microangiopathy: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050703. [PMID: 35629370 PMCID: PMC9147447 DOI: 10.3390/life12050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with three pathogenic hallmarks, i.e., inflammation, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. A wide plethora of animal models have been developed to address the complex pathophysiology and for the development of possible anti-fibrotic treatments. However, no current model comprises all three pathological mechanisms of the disease. To highlight the lack of a complete model, a review of some of the most widely used animal models for SSc was performed. In addition, to date, no model has accomplished the recreation of primary or secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon, a key feature in SSc. In humans, nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) has been used to evaluate secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon and microvasculature changes in SSc. Being a non-invasive technique, it is widely used both in clinical studies and as a tool for clinical evaluation. Because of this, its potential use in animal models has been neglected. We evaluated NFC in guinea pigs to investigate the possibility of applying this technique to study microcirculation in the nailfold of animal models and in the future, development of an animal model for Raynaud’s phenomenon. The applications are not only to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of vasculopathy but can also be used in the development of novel treatment options.
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22
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Jacob JM, Di Carlo SE, Stzepourginski I, Lepelletier A, Ndiaye PD, Varet H, Legendre R, Kornobis E, Benabid A, Nigro G, Peduto L. PDGFRα-induced stromal maturation is required to restrain postnatal intestinal epithelial stemness and promote defense mechanisms. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:856-868.e5. [PMID: 35523143 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
After birth, the intestine undergoes major changes to shift from an immature proliferative state to a functional intestinal barrier. By combining inducible lineage tracing and transcriptomics in mouse models, we identify a prodifferentiation PDGFRαHigh intestinal stromal lineage originating from postnatal LTβR+ perivascular stromal progenitors. The genetic blockage of this lineage increased the intestinal stem cell pool while decreasing epithelial and immune maturation at weaning age, leading to reduced postnatal growth and dysregulated repair responses. Ablating PDGFRα in the LTBR stromal lineage demonstrates that PDGFRα has a major impact on the lineage fate and function, inducing a transcriptomic switch from prostemness genes, such as Rspo3 and Grem1, to prodifferentiation factors, including BMPs, retinoic acid, and laminins, and on spatial organization within the crypt-villus and repair responses. Our results show that the PDGFRα-induced transcriptomic switch in intestinal stromal cells is required in the first weeks after birth to coordinate postnatal intestinal maturation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Jacob
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Selene E Di Carlo
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Igor Stzepourginski
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Lepelletier
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Papa Diogop Ndiaye
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Varet
- Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform-Biomics Pole, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Legendre
- Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform-Biomics Pole, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Kornobis
- Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform-Biomics Pole, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Adam Benabid
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Nigro
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France.
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23
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Solinc J, Ribot J, Soubrier F, Pavoine C, Dierick F, Nadaud S. The Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Pathway in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Still an Interesting Target? Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050658. [PMID: 35629326 PMCID: PMC9143262 DOI: 10.3390/life12050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of curative options for pulmonary arterial hypertension drives important research to understand the mechanisms underlying this devastating disease. Among the main identified pathways, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) pathway was established to control vascular remodeling and anti-PDGF receptor (PDGFR) drugs were shown to reverse the disease in experimental models. Four different isoforms of PDGF are produced by various cell types in the lung. PDGFs control vascular cells migration, proliferation and survival through binding to their receptors PDGFRα and β. They elicit multiple intracellular signaling pathways which have been particularly studied in pulmonary smooth muscle cells. Activation of the PDGF pathway has been demonstrated both in patients and in pulmonary hypertension (PH) experimental models. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are numerous but without real specificity and Imatinib, one of the most specific, resulted in beneficial effects. However, adverse events and treatment discontinuation discouraged to pursue this therapy. Novel therapeutic strategies are currently under experimental evaluation. For TKI, they include intratracheal drug administration, low dosage or nanoparticles delivery. Specific anti-PDGF and anti-PDGFR molecules can also be designed such as new TKI, soluble receptors, aptamers or oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Solinc
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Jonathan Ribot
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Florent Soubrier
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Catherine Pavoine
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
| | - France Dierick
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada;
| | - Sophie Nadaud
- INSERM, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1166, F-75013 Paris, France; (J.S.); (J.R.); (F.S.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-14077-9681
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24
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Diverse roles of tumor-stromal PDGFB-to-PDGFRβ signaling in breast cancer growth and metastasis. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 154:93-140. [PMID: 35459473 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last couple of decades, it has become increasingly apparent that the tumor microenvironment (TME) mediates every step of cancer progression and solid tumors are only able to metastasize with a permissive TME. This intricate interaction of cancer cells with their surrounding TME, or stroma, is becoming more understood with an ever greater knowledge of tumor-stromal signaling pairs such as platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) and their cognate receptors. We and others have focused our research efforts on understanding how tumor-derived PDGFB activates platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) signaling specifically in the breast cancer TME. In this chapter, we broadly discuss PDGF and PDGFR expression patterns and signaling in normal physiology and breast cancer. We then detail the expansive roles played by the PDGFB-to-PDGFRβ signaling pathway in modulating breast tumor growth and metastasis with a focus on specific cellular populations within the TME, which are responsive to tumor-derived PDGFB. Given the increasingly appreciated importance of PDGFB-to-PDGFRβ signaling in breast cancer progression, specifically in promoting metastasis, we end by discussing how therapeutic targeting of PDGFB-to-PDGFRβ signaling holds great promise for improving current breast cancer treatment strategies.
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25
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Kita A, Saito Y, Miura N, Miyajima M, Yamamoto S, Sato T, Yotsuyanagi T, Fujimiya M, Chikenji TS. Altered regulation of mesenchymal cell senescence in adipose tissue promotes pathological changes associated with diabetic wound healing. Commun Biol 2022; 5:310. [PMID: 35383267 PMCID: PMC8983691 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologic diabetic wound healing is caused by sequential and progressive deterioration of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and resolution/remodeling. Cellular senescence promotes wound healing; however, diabetic wounds exhibit low levels of senescent factors and accumulate senescent cells, which impair the healing process. Here we show that the number of p15INK4B + PDGFRα + senescent mesenchymal cells in adipose tissue increases transiently during early phases of wound healing in both non-diabetic mice and humans. Transplantation of adipose tissue from diabetic mice into non-diabetic mice results in impaired wound healing and an altered cellular senescence–associated secretory phenotype (SASP), suggesting that insufficient induction of adipose tissue senescence after injury is a pathological mechanism of diabetic wound healing. These results provide insight into how regulation of senescence in adipose tissue contributes to wound healing and could constitute a basis for developing therapeutic treatment for wound healing impairment in diabetes. Type-2 diabetic adipose tissue impairs transient senescence during wound healing with expression of different components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and this is associated with deteriorated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Kita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Miura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Miyajima
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sena Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takako S Chikenji
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. .,Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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26
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Fernández-Simón E, Suárez-Calvet X, Carrasco-Rozas A, Piñol-Jurado P, López-Fernández S, Pons G, Bech Serra JJ, de la Torre C, de Luna N, Gallardo E, Díaz-Manera J. RhoA/ROCK2 signalling is enhanced by PDGF-AA in fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells: implications for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1373-1384. [PMID: 35132805 PMCID: PMC8977967 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of dystrophin expression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) induces muscle fibre and replacement by fibro-adipose tissue. Although the role of some growth factors in the process of fibrogenesis has been studied, pathways activated by PDGF-AA have not been described so far. Our aim was to study the molecular role of PDGF-AA in the fibrotic process of DMD. METHODS Skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) from three DMD treated with PDGF-AA at 50 ng/mL were analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Western-blot, immunofluorescence, and G-LISA were used to confirm the mass spectrometry results. We evaluated the effects of PDGF-AA on the activation of RhoA pathway using two inhibitors, C3-exoenzyme and fasudil. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by BrdU and migration assay. Actin reorganization and collagen synthesis were measured by phalloidin staining and Sircol assay, respectively. In an in vivo proof of concept study, we treated dba/2J-mdx mice with fasudil for 6 weeks. Muscle strength was assessed with the grip strength. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analyses were used to study fibrotic and inflammatory markers in muscle tissue. RESULTS Mass spectrometry revealed that RhoA pathway proteins were up-regulated in treated compared with non-treated DMD FAPs (n = 3, mean age = 8 ± 1.15 years old). Validation of proteomic data showed that Arhgef2 expression was significantly increased in DMD muscles compared with healthy controls by a 7.7-fold increase (n = 2, mean age = 8 ± 1.14 years old). In vitro studies showed that RhoA/ROCK2 pathway was significantly activated by PDGF-AA (n = 3, 1.88-fold increase, P < 0.01) and both C3-exoenzyme and fasudil blocked that activation (n = 3, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The activation of RhoA pathway by PDGF-AA promoted a significant increase in proliferation and migration of FAPs (n = 3, P < 0.001), while C3-exoenzyme and fasudil inhibited FAPs proliferation at 72 h and migration at 48 and 72 h (n = 3, P < 0.001). In vivo studies showed that fasudil improved muscle function (n = 5 non-treated dba/2J-mdx and n = 6 treated dba/2J-mdx, 1.76-fold increase, P < 0.013), and histological studies demonstrated a 23% reduction of collagen-I expression area (n = 5 non-treated dba/2J-mdx and n = 6 treated dba/2J-mdx, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PDGF-AA promotes the activation of RhoA pathway in FAPs from DMD patients. This pathway could be involved in FAPs activation promoting its proliferation, migration, and actin reorganization, which represents the beginning of the fibrotic process. The inhibition of RhoA pathway could be considered as a potential therapeutic target for muscle fibrosis in patients with muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Fernández-Simón
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Susana López-Fernández
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Pons
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Noemí de Luna
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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27
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Paolini C, Agarbati S, Benfaremo D, Mozzicafreddo M, Svegliati S, Moroncini G. PDGF/PDGFR: A Possible Molecular Target in Scleroderma Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073904. [PMID: 35409263 PMCID: PMC8999630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder of the connective tissue characterized by vascular alterations, immune/inflammatory manifestations, and organ fibrosis. SSc pathogenesis is complex and still poorly understood. Therefore, effective therapies are lacking and remain nonspecific and limited to disease symptoms. In the last few years, many molecular and cellular mediators of SSc fibrosis have been described, providing new potential options for targeted therapies. In this review: (i) we focused on the PDGF/PDGFR pathway as key signaling molecules in the development of tissue fibrosis; (ii) we highlighted the possible role of stimulatory anti-PDGFRα autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of SSc; (iii) we reported the most promising PDGF/PDGFR targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Paolini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Agarbati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Devis Benfaremo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riuniti “Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Matteo Mozzicafreddo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Svegliati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Gianluca Moroncini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (C.P.); (S.A.); (D.B.); (M.M.); (S.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riuniti “Umberto I-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
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28
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Solinc J, Raimbault‐Machado J, Dierick F, El Bernoussi L, Tu L, Thuillet R, Mougenot N, Hoareau‐Coudert B, Monceau V, Pavoine C, Atassi F, Sassoon D, Marazzi G, Harvey RP, Schofield P, Christ D, Humbert M, Guignabert C, Soubrier F, Nadaud S. Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Receptor Type α Activation Drives Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling Via Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Induces Pulmonary Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023021. [PMID: 35348002 PMCID: PMC9075467 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Platelet‐derived growth factor is a major regulator of the vascular remodeling associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We previously showed that protein widely 1 (PW1+) vascular progenitor cells participate in early vessel neomuscularization during experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH) and we addressed the role of the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor type α (PDGFRα) pathway in progenitor cell‐dependent vascular remodeling and in PH development. Methods and Results Remodeled pulmonary arteries from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension showed an increased number of perivascular and vascular PW1+ cells expressing PDGFRα. PW1nLacZ reporter mice were used to follow the fate of pulmonary PW1+ progenitor cells in a model of chronic hypoxia–induced PH development. Under chronic hypoxia, PDGFRα inhibition prevented the increase in PW1+ progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells and reduced pulmonary vessel neomuscularization, but did not prevent an increased right ventricular systolic pressure or the development of right ventricular hypertrophy. Conversely, constitutive PDGFRα activation led to neomuscularization via PW1+ progenitor cell differentiation into new smooth muscle cells and to PH development in male mice without fibrosis. In vitro, PW1+ progenitor cell proliferation, but not differentiation, was dependent on PDGFRα activity. Conclusions These results demonstrate a major role of PDGFRα signaling in progenitor cell–dependent lung vessel neomuscularization and vascular remodeling contributing to PH development, including in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Our findings suggest that PDGFRα blockers may offer a therapeutic add‐on strategy to combine with current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments to reduce vascular remodeling. Furthermore, our study highlights constitutive PDGFRα activation as a novel experimental PH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Solinc
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - Jessica Raimbault‐Machado
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - France Dierick
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University Montréal QC Canada
| | - Lamiaa El Bernoussi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - Ly Tu
- Université Paris‐Saclay, School of Medicine Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies Le Plessis‐Robinson France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- Université Paris‐Saclay, School of Medicine Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies Le Plessis‐Robinson France
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, UMS2, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
| | | | | | - Catherine Pavoine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - Fabrice Atassi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - David Sassoon
- Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center Paris France
| | - Giovanna Marazzi
- Université de Paris, INSERM, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center Paris France
| | - Richard P. Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute Darlinghurst Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Peter Schofield
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia
- Immunology Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia
- Immunology Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst Australia
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris‐Saclay, School of Medicine Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies Le Plessis‐Robinson France
- Department of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP)Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral CenterHôpital Bicêtre Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Université Paris‐Saclay, School of Medicine Le Kremlin‐Bicêtre France
- INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, UMR_S 999 «Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies Le Plessis‐Robinson France
| | - Florent Soubrier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
| | - Sophie Nadaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
- ICAN Institute Paris France
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29
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Rozen EJ, Shohet JM. Systematic review of the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily in neuroblastoma pathophysiology. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:33-52. [PMID: 34716856 PMCID: PMC8924100 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma is a devastating disease accounting for 15% of all childhood cancer deaths. Yet, our understanding of key molecular drivers such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in this pathology remains poorly clarified. Here, we provide a systematic analysis of the RTK superfamily in the context of neuroblastoma pathogenesis. METHODS Statistical correlations for all RTK family members' expression to neuroblastoma patient survival across 10 independent patient cohorts were annotated, synthesized, and ranked using the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. Gene expression of selected members across different cancer cell lines was further analyzed in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, part of the Cancer Dependency Map portal (depmap portal ( http://depmap.org )). Finally, we provide a detailed literature review for highly ranked candidates. RESULTS Our analysis defined two subsets of RTKs showing robust associations with either better or worse survival, constituting potential novel players in neuroblastoma pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy. We review the available literature regarding the oncogenic functions of these RTKs, their roles in neuroblastoma pathophysiology, and potential utility as therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic analysis and review of the RTK superfamily in neuroblastoma pathogenesis provides a new resource to guide the research community towards focused efforts investigating signaling pathways that contribute to neuroblastoma tumor establishment, growth, and/or aggressiveness and targeting these druggable molecules in novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Javier Rozen
- Department of Pediatrics, UMass Chan Medical School, Lazare Research Building LRB603, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Jason Matthew Shohet
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, UMass Chan Medical School, Lazare Research Building LRB603, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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30
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Grimaldi A, Comai G, Mella S, Tajbakhsh S. Identification of bipotent progenitors that give rise to myogenic and connective tissues in mouse. eLife 2022; 11:70235. [PMID: 35225230 PMCID: PMC9020825 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How distinct cell fates are manifested by direct lineage ancestry from bipotent progenitors, or by specification of individual cell types is a key question for understanding the emergence of tissues. The interplay between skeletal muscle progenitors and associated connective tissue cells provides a model for examining how muscle functional units are established. Most craniofacial structures originate from the vertebrate-specific neural crest cells except in the dorsal portion of the head, where they arise from cranial mesoderm. Here, using multiple lineage-tracing strategies combined with single cell RNAseq and in situ analyses, we identify bipotent progenitors expressing Myf5 (an upstream regulator of myogenic fate) that give rise to both muscle and juxtaposed connective tissue. Following this bifurcation, muscle and connective tissue cells retain complementary signalling features and maintain spatial proximity. Disrupting myogenic identity shifts muscle progenitors to a connective tissue fate. The emergence of Myf5-derived connective tissue is associated with the activity of several transcription factors, including Foxp2. Interestingly, this unexpected bifurcation in cell fate was not observed in craniofacial regions that are colonised by neural crest cells. Therefore, we propose that an ancestral bi-fated program gives rise to muscle and connective tissue cells in skeletal muscles that are deprived of neural crest cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glenda Comai
- UMR 3738, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Mella
- Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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31
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Zhou TA, Hsu HP, Tu YH, Cheng HK, Lin CY, Chen NJ, Tsai JW, Robey EA, Huang HC, Hsu CL, Dzhagalov IL. Thymic macrophages consist of two populations with distinct localization and origin. eLife 2022; 11:75148. [PMID: 36449334 PMCID: PMC9754631 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages are essential to protect from pathogen invasion and maintain organ homeostasis. The ability of thymic macrophages to engulf apoptotic thymocytes is well appreciated, but little is known about their ontogeny, maintenance, and diversity. Here, we characterized the surface phenotype and transcriptional profile of these cells and defined their expression signature. Thymic macrophages were most closely related to spleen red pulp macrophages and Kupffer cells and shared the expression of the transcription factor (TF) SpiC with these cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) showed that the macrophages in the adult thymus are composed of two populations distinguished by the expression of Timd4 and Cx3cr1. Remarkably, Timd4+ cells were located in the cortex, while Cx3cr1+ macrophages were restricted to the medulla and the cortico-medullary junction. Using shield chimeras, transplantation of embryonic thymuses, and genetic fate mapping, we found that the two populations have distinct origins. Timd4+ thymic macrophages are of embryonic origin, while Cx3cr1+ macrophages are derived from adult hematopoietic stem cells. Aging has a profound effect on the macrophages in the thymus. Timd4+ cells underwent gradual attrition, while Cx3cr1+ cells slowly accumulated with age and, in older mice, were the dominant macrophage population in the thymus. Altogether, our work defines the phenotype, origin, and diversity of thymic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyng-An Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hsuan-Po Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yueh-Hua Tu
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hui-Kuei Cheng
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Nien-Jung Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ellen A Robey
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Hsuan-Cheng Huang
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ivan L Dzhagalov
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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Takamura N, Renaud L, da Silveira WA, Feghali-Bostwick C. PDGF Promotes Dermal Fibroblast Activation via a Novel Mechanism Mediated by Signaling Through MCHR1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:745308. [PMID: 34912333 PMCID: PMC8667318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and excessive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. To this day, no effective treatments to prevent the progression of fibrosis exist, and SSc patients have disabilities and reduced life expectancy. The need to better understand pathways that drive SSc and to find therapeutic targets is urgent. RNA sequencing data from SSc dermal fibroblasts suggested that melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1), one of the G protein-coupled receptors regulating emotion and energy metabolism, is abnormally deregulated in SSc. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB stimulation upregulated MCHR1 mRNA and protein levels in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), and MCHR1 silencing prevented the PDGF-BB-induced expression of the profibrotic factors transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). PDGF-BB bound MCHR1 in membrane fractions of NHDF, and the binding was confirmed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). MCHR1 inhibition blocked PDGF-BB modulation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). MCHR1 silencing in NHDF reduced PDGF-BB signaling. In summary, MCHR1 promoted the fibrotic response in NHDF through modulation of TGFβ1 and CTGF production, intracellular cAMP levels, and PDGF-BB-induced signaling pathways, suggesting that MCHR1 plays an important role in mediating the response to PDGF-BB and in the pathogenesis of SSc. Inhibition of MCHR1 should be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy in SSc-associated fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Takamura
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Ludivine Renaud
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Willian Abraham da Silveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Education, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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33
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Cui Y, Ji W, Gao Y, Xiao Y, Liu H, Chen Z. Single-cell characterization of monolayer cultured human dental pulp stem cells with enhanced differentiation capacity. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:44. [PMID: 34911932 PMCID: PMC8674359 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are easily obtained multipotent cells, however, their potential value in regenerative medicine is hindered by the phenotypic and functional changes after conventional monolayer expansion. Here, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to comprehensively study the transcriptional difference between the freshly isolated and monolayer cultured DPSCs. The cell cluster analysis based on our scRNA-seq data showed that monolayer culture resulted in a significant cellular composition switch compared to the freshly isolated DPSCs. However, one subpopulation, characterized as MCAM(+)JAG(+)PDGFRA(-), maintained the most transcriptional characteristics compared to their freshly isolated counterparts. Notably, immunofluorescent staining revealed that the MCAM(+)JAG(+)PDGFRA(-) hDPSCs uniquely located in the perivascular region of human dental pulp tissue. Flow-cytometry analysis confirmed that their proportion remained relatively stable (~2%) regardless of physiological senescence or dental caries. Consistent with the annotation of scRNA-seq data, MCAM(+)JAG(+)PDGFRA(-) hDPSCs showed higher proliferation capacity and enhanced in vitro multilineage differentiation potentials (osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) compared with their counterparts PDGFRA(+) subpopulation. Furthermore, the MCAM(+)JAG(+)PDGFRA(-) hDPSCs showed enhanced bone tissue formation and adipose tissue formation after 4-week subcutaneous implantation in nude mice. Taken together, our study for the first time revealed the cellular composition switch of monolayer cultured hDPSCs compared to the freshly isolated hDPSCs. After in vitro expansion, the MCAM(+)JAG(+)PDGFRA(-) subpopulation resembled the most transcriptional characteristics of fresh hDPSCs which may be beneficial for further tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cui
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongyan Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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34
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The role for miRNA146b-5p in the attenuation of dermal fibrosis and angiogenesis by targeting PDGFRα in skin wounds. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1990-2002.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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35
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Marcelin G, Clément K. The multifaceted progenitor fates in healthy or unhealthy adipose tissue during obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:1111-1119. [PMID: 34105090 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While obesity is defined as an excessive fat accumulation conferring a risk to metabolic health, increased adipose mass by itself does not fully explain obesity's propensity to promote metabolic alterations. Adipose tissue regulates multiple processes critical for energy homeostasis and its dysfunction favors the development and perpetuation of metabolic diseases. Obesity drives inflammatory leucocyte infiltration in adipose tissue and fibrotic transformation of the fat depots. Both features associate with metabolic alterations such as impaired glucose control and resistance to fat mass loss. In this context, adipose progenitors, an heterogenous resident population of mesenchymal stromal cells, display functions important to shape healthy or unhealthy adipose tissue expansion. We, here, outline the current understanding of adipose progenitor biology in the context of obesity-induced adipose tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Marcelin
- Nutrition and Obesities : Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics, UMRS U1269), Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Karine Clément
- Nutrition and Obesities : Systemic Approaches (NutriOmics, UMRS U1269), Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Paris, France.
- Nutrition Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, CRNH Ile de France, 75013, Paris, France.
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36
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Jussila AR, Zhang B, Caves E, Kirti S, Steele M, Hamburg-Shields E, Lydon J, Ying Y, Lafyatis R, Rajagopalan S, Horsley V, Atit RP. Skin Fibrosis and Recovery Is Dependent on Wnt Activation via DPP4. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1597-1606.e9. [PMID: 34808238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the life-threatening, excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix and is sometimes associated with a loss of lipid-filled cells in the skin and other organs. Understanding the mechanisms of fibrosis and associated lipodystrophy and their reversal may reveal new targets for therapeutic intervention. In vivo genetic models are needed to identify key targets that induce recovery from established fibrosis. Wnt signaling is activated in animal and human fibrotic diseases across organs. Here, we developed a genetically inducible and reversible Wnt activation model and showed that it is sufficient to cause fibrotic dermal remodeling, including extracellular matrix expansion and shrinking of dermal adipocytes. Upon withdrawal from Wnt activation, Wnt-induced fibrotic remodeling was reversed in mouse skin-fully restoring skin architecture. Next, we demonstrated CD26/ DPP4 is a Wnt/β-catenin-responsive gene and a functional mediator of fibrotic transformation. We provide genetic evidence that the Wnt/DPP4 axis is required to drive fibrotic dermal remodeling and is associated with human skin fibrosis severity. Remarkably, DPP4 inhibitors can be repurposed to accelerate recovery from established Wnt-induced fibrosis. Collectively, this study identifies Wnt/DPP4 axis as a key driver of extracellular matrix homeostasis and dermal fat loss, providing therapeutic avenues to manipulate the onset and reversal of tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Jussila
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth Caves
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sakin Kirti
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Miarasa Steele
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily Hamburg-Shields
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yan Ying
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospitals Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute (HHVI), Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine and Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Radhika P Atit
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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37
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Rippa AL, Alpeeva EV, Vasiliev AV, Vorotelyak EA. Alveologenesis: What Governs Secondary Septa Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212107. [PMID: 34829987 PMCID: PMC8618598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The simplification of alveoli leads to various lung pathologies such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema. Deep insight into the process of emergence of the secondary septa during development and regeneration after pneumonectomy, and into the contribution of the drivers of alveologenesis and neo-alveolarization is required in an efficient search for therapeutic approaches. In this review, we describe the formation of the gas exchange units of the lung as a multifactorial process, which includes changes in the actomyosin cytoskeleton of alveocytes and myofibroblasts, elastogenesis, retinoic acid signaling, and the contribution of alveolar mesenchymal cells in secondary septation. Knowledge of the mechanistic context of alveologenesis remains incomplete. The characterization of the mechanisms that govern the emergence and depletion of αSMA will allow for an understanding of how the niche of fibroblasts is changing. Taking into account the intense studies that have been performed on the pool of lung mesenchymal cells, we present data on the typing of interstitial fibroblasts and their role in the formation and maintenance of alveoli. On the whole, when identifying cell subpopulations in lung mesenchyme, one has to consider the developmental context, the changing cellular functions, and the lability of gene signatures.
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Abstract
Obesity is a chronic and progressive process affecting whole-body energy balance and is associated with comorbidities development. In addition to increased fat mass, obesity induces white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and fibrosis, leading to local and systemic metabolic dysfunctions, such as insulin resistance (IR). Accordingly, limiting inflammation or fibrosis deposition may improve IR and glucose homeostasis. Although no targeted therapy yet exists to slow or reverse adipose tissue fibrosis, a number of findings have clarified the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. In this review, we highlight adipose tissue remodeling events shown to be associated with fibrosis deposition, with a focus on adipose progenitors involved in obesity-induced healthy as well as unhealthy WAT expansion. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 84 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Marcelin
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approach (NutriOmics) Research Unit, UMRS U1269, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; ,
| | | | - Karine Clément
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approach (NutriOmics) Research Unit, UMRS U1269, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; , .,Nutrition Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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39
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Farup J, Just J, de Paoli F, Lin L, Jensen JB, Billeskov T, Roman IS, Cömert C, Møller AB, Madaro L, Groppa E, Fred RG, Kampmann U, Gormsen LC, Pedersen SB, Bross P, Stevnsner T, Eldrup N, Pers TH, Rossi FMV, Puri PL, Jessen N. Human skeletal muscle CD90 + fibro-adipogenic progenitors are associated with muscle degeneration in type 2 diabetic patients. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2201-2214.e11. [PMID: 34678202 PMCID: PMC9165662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degeneration of the skeletal muscles. However, the mechanisms underlying the degeneration are not well described in human skeletal muscle. Here we show that skeletal muscle of T2DM patients exhibit degenerative remodeling of the extracellular matrix that is associated with a selective increase of a subpopulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) marked by expression of THY1 (CD90)-the FAPCD90+. We identify platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) as a key FAP regulator, as it promotes proliferation and collagen production at the expense of adipogenesis. FAPsCD90+ display a PDGF-mimetic phenotype, with high proliferative activity, clonogenicity, and production of extracellular matrix. FAPCD90+ proliferation was reduced by in vitro treatment with metformin. Furthermore, metformin treatment reduced FAP content in T2DM patients. These data identify a PDGF-driven conversion of a subpopulation of FAPs as a key event in the fibrosis development in T2DM muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Farup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Just
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Frank de Paoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Jonas Brorson Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Tine Billeskov
- Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Diabetes and Hormonal Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Ines Sanchez Roman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28670, Spain
| | - Cagla Cömert
- Molecular Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Andreas Buch Møller
- Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Luca Madaro
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome "la Sapienza," Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Elena Groppa
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC CA V6T, Canada
| | - Rikard Göran Fred
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ulla Kampmann
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Lars C Gormsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Steen B Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Diabetes and Hormonal Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Peter Bross
- Molecular Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Eldrup
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Tune H Pers
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC CA V6T, Canada
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Niels Jessen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark.
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Hypoxia induces stress fiber formation in adipocytes in the early stage of obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21473. [PMID: 34728615 PMCID: PMC8563745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In obese adipose tissue (AT), hypertrophic expansion of adipocytes is not matched by new vessel formation, leading to AT hypoxia. As a result, hypoxia inducible factor-1⍺ (HIF-1⍺) accumulates in adipocytes inducing a transcriptional program that upregulates profibrotic genes and biosynthetic enzymes such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) synthesis. This excess synthesis and crosslinking of extracellular matrix (ECM) components cause AT fibrosis. Although fibrosis is a hallmark of obese AT, the role of fibroblasts, cells known to regulate fibrosis in other fibrosis-prone tissues, is not well studied. Here we have developed an in vitro model of AT to study adipocyte-fibroblast crosstalk in a hypoxic environment. Further, this in vitro model was used to investigate the effect of hypoxia on adipocyte mechanical properties via ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCK) signaling pathways. We confirmed that hypoxia creates a diseased phenotype by inhibiting adipocyte maturation and inducing actin stress fiber formation facilitated by myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A/MKL1) nuclear translocation. This work presents new potential therapeutic targets for obesity by improving adipocyte maturation and limiting mechanical stress in obese AT.
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41
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Farutin V, Kurtagic E, Pradines JR, Capila I, Mayes MD, Wu M, Manning AM, Assassi S. Multiomic study of skin, peripheral blood, and serum: is serum proteome a reflection of disease process at the end-organ level in systemic sclerosis? Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:259. [PMID: 34654463 PMCID: PMC8518248 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum proteins can be readily assessed during routine clinical care. However, it is unclear to what extent serum proteins reflect the molecular dysregulations of peripheral blood cells (PBCs) or affected end-organs in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We conducted a multiomic comparative analysis of SSc serum profile, PBC, and skin gene expression in concurrently collected samples. METHODS Global gene expression profiling was carried out in skin and PBC samples obtained from 49 SSc patients enrolled in the GENISOS observational cohort and 25 unaffected controls. Levels of 911 proteins were determined by Olink Proximity Extension Assay in concurrently collected serum samples. RESULTS Both SSc PBC and skin transcriptomes showed a prominent type I interferon signature. The examination of SSc serum profile revealed an upregulation of proteins involved in pro-fibrotic homing and extravasation, as well as extracellular matrix components/modulators. Notably, several soluble receptor proteins such as EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, VEGFR2, TGFBR3, and PDGF-Rα were downregulated. Thirty-nine proteins correlated with severity of SSc skin disease. The differential expression of serum protein in SSc vs. control comparison significantly correlated with the differential expression of corresponding transcripts in skin but not in PBCs. Moreover, the differentially expressed serum proteins were significantly more connected to the Well-Associated-Proteins in the skin than PBC gene expression dataset. The assessment of the concordance of between-sample similarities revealed that the molecular profile of serum proteins and skin gene expression data were significantly concordant in patients with SSc but not in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS SSc serum protein profile shows an upregulation of profibrotic cytokines and a downregulation of soluble EGF and other key receptors. Our multilevel comparative analysis indicates that the serum protein profile in SSc correlates more closely with molecular dysregulations of skin than PBCs and might serve as a reflection of disease severity at the end-organ level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Farutin
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 301 Binney St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Elma Kurtagic
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 301 Binney St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | | | | | - Maureen D Mayes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 5.270, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Minghua Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 5.270, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anthony M Manning
- Momenta Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 301 Binney St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB 5.270, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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42
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Marine T, Marielle S, Graziella M, Fabio RMV. Macrophages in Skeletal Muscle Dystrophies, An Entangled Partner. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 9:1-23. [PMID: 34542080 PMCID: PMC8842758 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While skeletal muscle remodeling happens throughout life, diseases that result in its dysfunction are accountable for many deaths. Indeed, skeletal muscle is exceptionally capable to respond to stimuli modifying its homeostasis, such as in atrophy, hypertrophy, regeneration and repair. In particular conditions such as genetic diseases (muscular dystrophies), skeletal muscle’s capacity to remodel is strongly affected and undergoes continuous cycles of chronic damage. This induces scarring, fatty infiltration, as well as loss of contractibility and of the ability to generate force. In this context, inflammation, primarily mediated by macrophages, plays a central pathogenic role. Macrophages contribute as the primary regulators of inflammation during skeletal muscle regeneration, affecting tissue-resident cells such as myogenic cells and endothelial cells, but also fibro-adipogenic progenitors, which are the main source of the fibro fatty scar. During skeletal muscle regeneration their function is tightly orchestrated, while in dystrophies their fate is strongly disturbed, resulting in chronic inflammation. In this review, we will discuss the latest findings on the role of macrophages in skeletal muscle diseases, and how they are regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theret Marine
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
| | - Saclier Marielle
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria, Milan, Italy
| | - Messina Graziella
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossi M V Fabio
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
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Kalra K, Eberhard J, Farbehi N, Chong JJ, Xaymardan M. Role of PDGF-A/B Ligands in Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:669188. [PMID: 34513823 PMCID: PMC8424099 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.669188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are powerful inducers of cellular mitosis, migration, angiogenesis, and matrix modulation that play pivotal roles in the development, homeostasis, and healing of cardiac tissues. PDGFs are key signaling molecules and important drug targets in the treatment of cardiovascular disease as multiple researchers have shown that delivery of recombinant PDGF ligands during or after myocardial infarction can reduce mortality and improve cardiac function in both rodents and porcine models. The mechanism involved cannot be easily elucidated due to the complexity of PDGF regulatory activities, crosstalk with other protein tyrosine kinase activators, and diversity of the pathological milieu. This review outlines the possible roles of PDGF ligands A and B in the healing of cardiac tissues including reduced cell death, improved vascularization, and improved extracellular matrix remodeling to improve cardiac architecture and function after acute myocardial injury. This review may highlight the use of recombinant PDGF-A and PDGF-B as a potential therapeutic modality in the treatment of cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Kalra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James J Chong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Munira Xaymardan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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44
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Chen D, Ouyang G, Liu Y, Cui D. Periostin deficiency attenuates lipopolysaccharide- and obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2099-2112. [PMID: 34165806 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Periostin (POSTN) is a type of matricellular protein, but its functions in adipose fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we found that POSTN expression is significantly increased in mouse adipose tissue after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and that adipose progenitor cells are the main source of POSTN. In our mouse model of fibrosis, POSTN deletion protected mice from adipose fibrosis, probably through reducing the accumulation of macrophages and promoting adipocyte differentiation of progenitor cells. Taken together, our study demonstrates that POSTN deficiency attenuates adipose tissue fibrosis and improves insulin resistance, providing new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of type II diabetes by targeting adipose tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, China
| | | | - Dandan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, China
| | | | - Yingfu Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, China
| | - Dan Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, China
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Plikus MV, Wang X, Sinha S, Forte E, Thompson SM, Herzog EL, Driskell RR, Rosenthal N, Biernaskie J, Horsley V. Fibroblasts: Origins, definitions, and functions in health and disease. Cell 2021; 184:3852-3872. [PMID: 34297930 PMCID: PMC8566693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are diverse mesenchymal cells that participate in tissue homeostasis and disease by producing complex extracellular matrix and creating signaling niches through biophysical and biochemical cues. Transcriptionally and functionally heterogeneous across and within organs, fibroblasts encode regional positional information and maintain distinct cellular progeny. We summarize their development, lineages, functions, and contributions to fibrosis in four fibroblast-rich organs: skin, lung, skeletal muscle, and heart. We propose that fibroblasts are uniquely poised for tissue repair by easily reentering the cell cycle and exhibiting a reversible plasticity in phenotype and cell fate. These properties, when activated aberrantly, drive fibrotic disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim V Plikus
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sarthak Sinha
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Elvira Forte
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Sean M Thompson
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Ryan R Driskell
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK.
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Huang X, Khoong Y, Han C, Su D, Ma H, Gu S, Li Q, Zan T. Targeting Dermal Fibroblast Subtypes in Antifibrotic Therapy: Surface Marker as a Cellular Identity or a Functional Entity? Front Physiol 2021; 12:694605. [PMID: 34335301 PMCID: PMC8319956 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.694605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the chief effector cells in fibrotic diseases and have been discovered to be highly heterogeneous. Recently, fibroblast heterogeneity in human skin has been studied extensively and several surface markers for dermal fibroblast subtypes have been identified, holding promise for future antifibrotic therapies. However, it has yet to be confirmed whether surface markers should be looked upon as merely lineage landmarks or as functional entities of fibroblast subtypes, which may further complicate the interpretation of cellular function of these fibroblast subtypes. This review aims to provide an update on current evidence on fibroblast surface markers in fibrotic disorders of skin as well as of other organ systems. Specifically, studies where surface markers were treated as lineage markers and manipulated as functional membrane proteins are both evaluated in parallel, hoping to reveal the underlying mechanism behind the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis contributed by various fibroblast subtypes from multiple angles, shedding lights on future translational researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyao Han
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Su
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Esteves de Lima J, Blavet C, Bonnin MA, Hirsinger E, Comai G, Yvernogeau L, Delfini MC, Bellenger L, Mella S, Nassari S, Robin C, Schweitzer R, Fournier-Thibault C, Jaffredo T, Tajbakhsh S, Relaix F, Duprez D. Unexpected contribution of fibroblasts to muscle lineage as a mechanism for limb muscle patterning. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3851. [PMID: 34158501 PMCID: PMC8219714 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Positional information driving limb muscle patterning is contained in connective tissue fibroblasts but not in myogenic cells. Limb muscles originate from somites, while connective tissues originate from lateral plate mesoderm. With cell and genetic lineage tracing we challenge this model and identify an unexpected contribution of lateral plate-derived fibroblasts to the myogenic lineage, preferentially at the myotendinous junction. Analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from whole limbs at successive developmental stages identifies a population displaying a dual muscle and connective tissue signature. BMP signalling is active in this dual population and at the tendon/muscle interface. In vivo and in vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments show that BMP signalling regulates a fibroblast-to-myoblast conversion. These results suggest a scenario in which BMP signalling converts a subset of lateral plate mesoderm-derived cells to a myogenic fate in order to create a boundary of fibroblast-derived myonuclei at the myotendinous junction that controls limb muscle patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Esteves de Lima
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EnvA, EFS, AP-HP, IMRB, Creteil, France
| | - Cédrine Blavet
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Ange Bonnin
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Hirsinger
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Glenda Comai
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Yvernogeau
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
- Hubrecht Institute-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Claire Delfini
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Léa Bellenger
- Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-FR3631, ARTbio Bioinformatics Platform, Inserm US 037, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Mella
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Sonya Nassari
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Robin
- Hubrecht Institute-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Research Division, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Claire Fournier-Thibault
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Jaffredo
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Relaix
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EnvA, EFS, AP-HP, IMRB, Creteil, France
| | - Delphine Duprez
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IBPS-UMR 7622, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1156, Paris, France.
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Alonso-Jiménez A, Fernández-Simón E, Natera-de Benito D, Ortez C, García C, Montiel E, Belmonte I, Pedrosa I, Segovia S, Piñol-Jurado P, Carrasco-Rozas A, Suárez-Calvet X, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Nascimento A, Llauger J, Nuñez-Peralta C, Montesinos P, Alonso-Pérez J, Gallardo E, Illa I, Díaz-Manera J. Platelet Derived Growth Factor-AA Correlates With Muscle Function Tests and Quantitative Muscle Magnetic Resonance in Dystrophinopathies. Front Neurol 2021; 12:659922. [PMID: 34177765 PMCID: PMC8226260 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.659922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophy are X-linked muscular disorders produced by mutations in the DMD gene which encodes the protein dystrophin. Both diseases are characterized by progressive involvement of skeletal, cardiac, and respiratory muscles. As new treatment strategies become available, reliable biomarkers and outcome measures that can monitor disease progression are needed for clinical trials. Methods: We collected clinical and functional data and blood samples from 19 DMD patients, 13 BMD patients, and 66 healthy controls (8 pediatric and 58 adult controls), and blood samples from 15 patients with dysferlinopathy (DYSF) and studied the serum concentration of 4 growth factors involved in the process of muscle fibrosis. We correlated the serum concentration of these growth factors with several muscle function tests, spirometry results and fat fraction identified by quantitative Dixon muscle MRI. Results: We found significant differences in the serum concentration of Platelet Derived Growth Factor-AA (PDGF-AA) between DMD patients and pediatric controls, in Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) between BMD patients and adult controls, and in and Transforming Growth Factor- β1 (TGF-β1) between BMD and DYSF patients. PDGF-AA showed a good correlation with several muscle function tests for both DMD and BMD patients and with thigh fat fraction in BMD patients. Moreover, PDGF-AA levels were increased in muscle biopsies of patients with DMD and BMD as was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Real-Time PCR studies. Conclusion: Our study suggests that PDGF-AA should be further investigated in a larger cohort of DMD and BMD patients because it might be a good biomarker candidate to monitor the progression of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Alonso-Jiménez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Neurology Department, Neuromuscular Reference Center, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esther Fernández-Simón
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Natera-de Benito
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme García
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Montiel
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Izaskun Belmonte
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Pedrosa
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Segovia
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Llauger
- Radiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Nuñez-Peralta
- Radiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Alonso-Pérez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Illa
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Jolly AJ, Lu S, Strand KA, Dubner AM, Mutryn MF, Nemenoff RA, Majesky MW, Moulton KS, Weiser-Evans MCM. Heterogeneous subpopulations of adventitial progenitor cells regulate vascular homeostasis and pathological vascular remodeling. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1452-1465. [PMID: 33989378 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are characterized by chronic vascular dysfunction and provoke pathological remodeling events such as neointima formation, atherosclerotic lesion development, and adventitial fibrosis. While lineage-tracing studies have shown that phenotypically modulated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the major cellular component of neointimal lesions, the cellular origins and microenvironmental signaling mechanisms that underlie remodeling along the adventitial vascular layer are not fully understood. However, a growing body of evidence supports a unique population of adventitial lineage-restricted progenitor cells expressing the stem cell marker, stem cell antigen-1 (Sca1; AdvSca1 cells) as important effectors of adventitial remodeling and suggests that they are at least partially responsible for subsequent pathological changes that occur in the media and intima. AdvSca1 cells are being studied in murine models of atherosclerosis, perivascular fibrosis, and neointima formation in response to acute vascular injury. Depending on the experimental conditions, AdvSca1 cells exhibit the capacity to differentiate into SMCs, endothelial cells, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and pro-remodeling cells such as myofibroblasts and macrophages. These data indicate that AdvSca1 cells may be a targetable cell population to influence the outcomes of pathologic vascular remodeling. Important questions remain regarding the origins of AdvSca1 cells and the essential signaling mechanisms and microenvironmental factors that regulate both maintenance of their stem-like, progenitor phenotype and their differentiation into lineage-specified cell types. Adding complexity to the story, recent data indicate that the collective population of adventitial progenitor cells is likely composed of several smaller, lineage-restricted subpopulations which are not fully defined by their transcriptomic profile and differentiation capabilities. The aim of this review is to outline the heterogeneity of Sca1+ adventitial progenitor cells, summarize their role in vascular homeostasis and remodeling, and comment on their translational relevance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Jolly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Sizhao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Keith A Strand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Allison M Dubner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Marie F Mutryn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension
| | - Raphael A Nemenoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension.,School of Medicine,Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation
| | - Mark W Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101.,Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | | | - Mary C M Weiser-Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension.,School of Medicine,Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation.,Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
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Contreras O, Córdova-Casanova A, Brandan E. PDGF-PDGFR network differentially regulates the fate, migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression of myogenic cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110036. [PMID: 33971280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) regulate embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and wound healing through their binding to PDGF receptors, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ. However, the role of PDGF signaling in regulating muscle development and regeneration remains elusive, and the cellular and molecular responses of myogenic cells are understudied. Here, we explore the PDGF-PDGFR gene expression changes and their involvement in skeletal muscle myogenesis and myogenic fate. By surveying bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell profiling data of skeletal muscle stem cells, we show that myogenic progenitors and muscle stem cells differentially express PDGF ligands and PDGF receptors during myogenesis. Quiescent adult muscle stem cells and myoblasts preferentially express PDGFRβ over PDGFRα. Remarkably, cell culture- and injury-induced muscle stem cell activation altered PDGF family gene expression. In myoblasts, PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB treatments activate two pro-chemotactic and pro-mitogenic downstream transducers, RAS-ERK1/2 and PI3K-AKT. PDGFRs inhibitor AG1296 inhibited ERK1/2 and AKT activation, myoblast migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression induced by PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB. We also found that AG1296 causes myoblast G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Remarkably, PDGF-AA did not promote a noticeable ERK1/2 or AKT activation, myoblast migration, or expansion. Also, myogenic differentiation reduced the expression of both PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, whereas forced PDGFRα expression impaired myogenesis. Thus, our data highlight PDGF signaling pathway to stimulate satellite cell proliferation aiming to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration and provide a deeper understanding of the role of PDGF signaling in non-fibroblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Adriana Córdova-Casanova
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Brandan
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular and Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE-ChileUC), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile; Fundación Ciencia & Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
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