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Fang Y, Cai J, Fei F, Zhong T, Ren M, Wang D, Li Y, Zhang K. Targeting the Skin: The Study of a Bottlebrush Polymer-Antisense Oligonucleotide Conjugate in a Psoriasis Mouse Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403949. [PMID: 39140277 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of gene regulation therapeutics for the treatment of skin-related diseases is rarely explored in part due to inefficient systemic delivery. In this study, a bottlebrush polymer-antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) conjugate, termed pacDNA, designed to target IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA), which is involved in psoriasis pathogenesis is presented. Systemic administration of pacDNA led to its accumulation in epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis of mouse skin, reduced IL-17RA gene expression in skin, and significantly reversed the development of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis in a mouse model. These findings highlight the potential of the pacDNA as a promising nanoconstruct for systemic oligonucleotide delivery to the skin and for treating psoriasis and other skin-related disorders through systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiansong Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Feng Fei
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tongtong Zhong
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mengqi Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical Engineering, and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Dzubanova M, Bond JM, Craige SM, Tencerova M. NOX4-reactive oxygen species axis: critical regulators of bone health and metabolism. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1432668. [PMID: 39188529 PMCID: PMC11345137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1432668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) play a significant role in bone metabolism as they can differentiate into osteoblasts, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), and chondrocytes. BMSCs chronically exposed to nutrient overload undergo adipogenic programming, resulting in bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) formation. BMAT is a fat depot transcriptionally, metabolically, and morphologically distinct from peripheral adipose depots. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated in obesity and serve as important signals directing BMSC fate. ROS produced by the NADPH oxidase (NOX) family of enzymes, such as NOX4, may be responsible for driving BMSC adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenic differentiation. The dual nature of ROS as both cellular signaling mediators and contributors to oxidative stress complicates their effects on bone metabolism. This review discusses the complex interplay between ROS and BMSC differentiation in the context of metabolic bone diseases.Special attention is paid to the role of NOX4-ROS in regulating cellular processes within the bone marrow microenvironment and potential target in metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Dzubanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jacob M. Bond
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Siobhan M. Craige
- Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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3
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Trivanović D, Vujačić M, Labella R, Djordjević IO, Ćazić M, Chernak B, Jauković A. Molecular Deconvolution of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Interactions with Malignant Hematopoiesis: Potential for New Therapy Development. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:367-377. [PMID: 38922359 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Along with a strong impact on skeletal integrity, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is an important modulator of the adult hematopoietic system. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the causal relationship between bone marrow (BM) adipogenesis and the development and progression of hematologic malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS BM adipocytes (BMAds) support a number of processes promoting oncogenesis, including the evolution of clonal hematopoiesis, malignant cell survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, leukemic cells manipulate surrounding BMAds by promoting lipolysis and release of free fatty acids, which are then utilized by leukemic cells via β-oxidation. Therefore, limiting BM adipogenesis, blocking BMAd-derived adipokines, or lipid metabolism obstruction have been considered as potential treatment options for hematological malignancies. Leukemic stem cells rely heavily on BMAds within the structural BM microenvironment for necessary signals which foster disease progression. Further development of 3D constructs resembling BMAT at different skeletal regions are critical to better understand these relationships in geometric space and may provide essential insight into the development of hematologic malignancies within the BM niche. In turn, these mechanisms provide promising potential as novel approaches to targeting the microenvironment with new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drenka Trivanović
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marko Vujačić
- Institute for Orthopedy Banjica, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rossella Labella
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Edward P. Evans Center for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivana Okić Djordjević
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ćazić
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tiršova, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Brian Chernak
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Pasupuleti SK, Kapur R. The impact of obesity-induced inflammation on clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:193-198. [PMID: 38640133 PMCID: PMC11197996 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review meticulously delves into existing literature and recent findings to elucidate the intricate link between obesity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) associated clonal hematopoiesis. It aims to enhance our comprehension of this multifaceted association, offering insights into potential avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent insights reveal that mutations in CHIP-associated genes are not limited to symptomatic patients but are also present in asymptomatic individuals. This section focuses on the impact of obesity-induced inflammation and fatty bone marrow (FBM) on the development of CHIP-associated diseases. Common comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and infection, fostering pro-inflammatory environments, play a pivotal role in the acceleration of these pathologies. Our research underscores a notable association between CHIP and an increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), emphasizing the link between obesity and myeloid leukemia. Recent studies highlight a strong correlation between obesity and myeloid leukemias in both children and adults, with increased risks and poorer survival outcomes in overweight individuals. SUMMARY We discuss recent insights into how CHIP-associated pathologies respond to obesity-induced inflammation, offering implications for future studies in the intricate field of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Alexander M, Cho E, Gliozheni E, Salem Y, Cheung J, Ichii H. Pathology of Diabetes-Induced Immune Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7105. [PMID: 39000211 PMCID: PMC11241249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with numerous comorbidities, one of which is increased vulnerability to infections. This review will focus on how diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the immune system and its various components, leading to the impaired proliferation of immune cells and the induction of senescence. We will explore how the pathology of diabetes-induced immune dysfunction may have similarities to the pathways of "inflammaging", a persistent low-grade inflammation common in the elderly. Inflammaging may increase the likelihood of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis at a younger age. Diabetes affects bone marrow composition and cellular senescence, and in combination with advanced age also affects lymphopoiesis by increasing myeloid differentiation and reducing lymphoid differentiation. Consequently, this leads to a reduced immune system response in both the innate and adaptive phases, resulting in higher infection rates, reduced vaccine response, and increased immune cells' senescence in diabetics. We will also explore how some diabetes drugs induce immune senescence despite their benefits on glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Alexander
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Eric Cho
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Eiger Gliozheni
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Yusuf Salem
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Joshua Cheung
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Hirohito Ichii
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
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Yen BL, Wang LT, Wang HH, Hung CP, Hsu PJ, Chang CC, Liao CY, Sytwu HK, Yen ML. Excess glucose alone depress young mesenchymal stromal/stem cell osteogenesis and mitochondria activity within hours/days via NAD +/SIRT1 axis. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:49. [PMID: 38735943 PMCID: PMC11089752 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of global overconsumption of simple sugars on bone health, which peaks in adolescence/early adulthood and correlates with osteoporosis (OP) and fracture risk decades, is unclear. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are the progenitors of osteoblasts/bone-forming cells, and known to decrease their osteogenic differentiation capacity with age. Alarmingly, while there is correlative evidence that adolescents consuming greatest amounts of simple sugars have the lowest bone mass, there is no mechanistic understanding on the causality of this correlation. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses for energetics pathways involved during MSC differentiation using human cell information was performed. In vitro dissection of normal versus high glucose (HG) conditions on osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment and mitochondrial function was assessed using multi-sources of non-senescent human and murine MSCs; for in vivo validation, young mice was fed normal or HG-added water with subsequent analyses of bone marrow CD45- MSCs. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed mitochondrial and glucose-related metabolic pathways as integral to MSC osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment. Functionally, in vitro HG alone without differentiation induction decreased both MSC mitochondrial activity and osteogenesis while enhancing adipogenesis by 8 h' time due to depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital mitochondrial co-enzyme and co-factor to Sirtuin (SIRT) 1, a longevity gene also involved in osteogenesis. In vivo, HG intake in young mice depleted MSC NAD+, with oral NAD+ precursor supplementation rapidly reversing both mitochondrial decline and osteo-/adipo-commitment in a SIRT1-dependent fashion within 1 ~ 5 days. CONCLUSIONS We found a surprisingly rapid impact of excessive glucose, a single dietary factor, on MSC SIRT1 function and osteogenesis in youthful settings, and the crucial role of NAD+-a single molecule-on both MSC mitochondrial function and lineage commitment. These findings have strong implications on future global OP and disability risks in light of current worldwide overconsumption of simple sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Tzu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11042, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No.250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11042, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Huang Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pao Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Hsu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), No.161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Liao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases & Vaccinology, NHRI, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, NDMC, No.161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Men-Luh Yen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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7
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Huang T, Lu Z, Wang Z, Cheng L, Gao L, Gao J, Zhang N, Geng CA, Zhao X, Wang H, Wong CW, Yeung KWK, Pan H, Lu WW, Guan M. Targeting adipocyte ESRRA promotes osteogenesis and vascular formation in adipocyte-rich bone marrow. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3769. [PMID: 38704393 PMCID: PMC11069533 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) accumulation often occurs under diverse pathophysiological conditions associated with bone deterioration. Estrogen-related receptor α (ESRRA) is a key regulator responding to metabolic stress. Here, we show that adipocyte-specific ESRRA deficiency preserves osteogenesis and vascular formation in adipocyte-rich bone marrow upon estrogen deficiency or obesity. Mechanistically, adipocyte ESRRA interferes with E2/ESR1 signaling resulting in transcriptional repression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1); yet positively modulates leptin expression by binding to its promoter. ESRRA abrogation results in enhanced SPP1 and decreased leptin secretion from both visceral adipocytes and BMAds, concertedly dictating bone marrow stromal stem cell fate commitment and restoring type H vessel formation, constituting a feed-forward loop for bone formation. Pharmacological inhibition of ESRRA protects obese mice against bone loss and high marrow adiposity. Thus, our findings highlight a therapeutic approach via targeting adipocyte ESRRA to preserve bone formation especially in detrimental adipocyte-rich bone milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Huang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaocheng Lu
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Neuroscience Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Kelvin W K Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - William Weijia Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Guan
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Nguyen TT, Corvera S. Adipose tissue as a linchpin of organismal ageing. Nat Metab 2024; 6:793-807. [PMID: 38783156 PMCID: PMC11238912 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a conserved biological process, modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, that leads to changes in life expectancy. In humans, ageing is characterized by greatly increased prevalence of cardiometabolic disease, type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with impaired immune surveillance. Adipose tissue displays species-conserved, temporal changes with ageing, including redistribution from peripheral to central depots, loss of thermogenic capacity and expansion within the bone marrow. Adipose tissue is localized to discrete depots, and also diffusely distributed within multiple organs and tissues in direct proximity to specialized cells. Thus, through their potent endocrine properties, adipocytes are capable of modulating tissue and organ function throughout the body. In addition to adipocytes, multipotent progenitor/stem cells in adipose tissue play a crucial role in maintenance and repair of tissues throughout the lifetime. Adipose tissue may therefore be a central driver for organismal ageing and age-associated diseases. Here we review the features of adipose tissue during ageing, and discuss potential mechanisms by which these changes affect whole-body metabolism, immunity and longevity. We also explore the potential of adipose tissue-targeted therapies to ameliorate age-associated disease burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy T Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Corvera
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Program in Molecular Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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9
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Mendes M, Monteiro AC, Neto E, Barrias CC, Sobrinho-Simões MA, Duarte D, Caires HR. Transforming the Niche: The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4430. [PMID: 38674015 PMCID: PMC11050723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) management remains a significant challenge in oncology due to its low survival rates and high post-treatment relapse rates, mainly attributed to treatment-resistant leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) residing in bone marrow (BM) niches. This review offers an in-depth analysis of AML progression, highlighting the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the dynamic remodelling of BM niche intercellular communication. We explore recent advancements elucidating the mechanisms through which EVs facilitate complex crosstalk, effectively promoting AML hallmarks and drug resistance. Adopting a temporal view, we chart the evolving landscape of EV-mediated interactions within the AML niche, underscoring the transformative potential of these insights for therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, the review discusses the emerging understanding of endothelial cell subsets' impact across BM niches in shaping AML disease progression, adding another layer of complexity to the disease progression and treatment resistance. We highlight the potential of cutting-edge methodologies, such as organ-on-chip (OoC) and single-EV analysis technologies, to provide unprecedented insights into AML-niche interactions in a human setting. Leveraging accumulated insights into AML EV signalling to reconfigure BM niches and pioneer novel approaches to decipher the EV signalling networks that fuel AML within the human context could revolutionise the development of niche-targeted therapy for leukaemia eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mendes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Monteiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Estrela Neto
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel A. Sobrinho-Simões
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- IPATIMUP—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Delfim Duarte
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Instituto Português de Oncologia (IPO)-Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
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10
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Barisas DAG, Choi K. Extramedullary hematopoiesis in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:549-558. [PMID: 38443597 PMCID: PMC10985111 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis can occur outside of the bone marrow during inflammatory stress to increase the production of primarily myeloid cells at extramedullary sites; this process is known as extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). As observed in a broad range of hematologic and nonhematologic diseases, EMH is now recognized for its important contributions to solid tumor pathology and prognosis. To initiate EMH, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow into the circulation and to extramedullary sites such as the spleen and liver. At these sites, HSCs primarily produce a pathological subset of myeloid cells that contributes to tumor pathology. The EMH HSC niche, which is distinct from the bone marrow HSC niche, is beginning to be characterized. The important cytokines that likely contribute to initiating and maintaining the EMH niche are KIT ligands, CXCL12, G-CSF, IL-1 family members, LIF, TNFα, and CXCR2. Further study of the role of EMH may offer valuable insights into emergency hematopoiesis and therapeutic approaches against cancer. Exciting future directions for the study of EMH include identifying common and distinct EMH mechanisms in cancer, infectious diseases, and chronic autoimmune diseases to control these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A G Barisas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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11
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Kumar V, Stewart JH. Obesity, bone marrow adiposity, and leukemia: Time to act. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13674. [PMID: 38092420 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has taken the face of a pandemic with less direct concern among the general population and scientific community. However, obesity is considered a low-grade systemic inflammation that impacts multiple organs. Chronic inflammation is also associated with different solid and blood cancers. In addition, emerging evidence demonstrates that individuals with obesity are at higher risk of developing blood cancers and have poorer clinical outcomes than individuals in a normal weight range. The bone marrow is critical for hematopoiesis, lymphopoiesis, and myelopoiesis. Therefore, it is vital to understand the mechanisms by which obesity-associated changes in BM adiposity impact leukemia development. BM adipocytes are critical to maintain homeostasis via different means, including immune regulation. However, obesity increases BM adiposity and creates a pro-inflammatory environment to upregulate clonal hematopoiesis and a leukemia-supportive environment. Obesity further alters lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis via different mechanisms, which dysregulate myeloid and lymphoid immune cell functions mentioned in the text under different sequentially discussed sections. The altered immune cell function during obesity alters hematological malignancies and leukemia susceptibility. Therefore, obesity-induced altered BM adiposity, immune cell generation, and function impact an individual's predisposition and severity of leukemia, which should be considered a critical factor in leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John H Stewart
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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12
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Widjaja N, Jalava N, Chen Y, Ivaska KK. Perilipin-1 immunostaining improves semi-automated digital quantitation of bone marrow adipocytes in histological bone sections. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2252711. [PMID: 37649225 PMCID: PMC10472850 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2252711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are not just passive fillers inside the bone marrow compartment but respond to various metabolic changes. Assessment of those responses requires evaluation of the number of BMAds and their morphology for which laborious and error-prone manual histological analysis remains the most widely used method. Here, we report an alternative image analysis strategy to semi-automatically quantitate and analyse the morphology of BMAds in histological bone sections. Decalcified, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded histological sections of long bones of Sprague-Dawley rats were stained with either haematoxylin and eosin (HE) or by immunofluorescent staining for adipocyte-specific protein perilipin-1 (PLIN1). ImageJ-based commands were constructed to detect BMAds sized 200 µm2 or larger from standardized 1 mm2 analysis regions by either classifying the background colour (HE) or the positive and circular PLIN1 fluorescent signal. Semi-automated quantitation strongly correlated with independent, single-blinded manual counts regardless of the staining method (HE-based: r=0.85, p<0.001; PLIN1 based: r=0.95, p<0.001). The detection error was higher in HE-stained sections than in PLIN1-stained sections (14% versus 5%, respectively; p<0.001), which was due to false-positive detections of unstained adipocyte-like circular structures. In our dataset, the total adiposity area from standardised ROIs in PLIN-1-stained sections correlated with that in whole-bone sections (r=0.60, p=0.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicko Widjaja
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Niki Jalava
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yimeng Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa K. Ivaska
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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13
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Ou L, Tan X, Qiao S, Wu J, Su Y, Xie W, Jin N, He J, Luo R, Lai X, Liu W, Zhang Y, Zhao F, Liu J, Kang Y, Shao L. Graphene-Based Material-Mediated Immunomodulation in Tissue Engineering and Regeneration: Mechanism and Significance. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18669-18687. [PMID: 37768738 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine hold promise for improving or even restoring the function of damaged organs. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have become a key player in biomaterials applied to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A series of cellular and molecular events, which affect the outcome of tissue regeneration, occur after GBMs are implanted into the body. The immunomodulatory function of GBMs is considered to be a key factor influencing tissue regeneration. This review introduces the applications of GBMs in bone, neural, skin, and cardiovascular tissue engineering, emphasizing that the immunomodulatory functions of GBMs significantly improve tissue regeneration. This review focuses on summarizing and discussing the mechanisms by which GBMs mediate the sequential regulation of the innate immune cell inflammatory response. During the process of tissue healing, multiple immune responses, such as the inflammatory response, foreign body reaction, tissue fibrosis, and biodegradation of GBMs, are interrelated and influential. We discuss the regulation of these immune responses by GBMs, as well as the immune cells and related immunomodulatory mechanisms involved. Finally, we summarize the limitations in the immunomodulatory strategies of GBMs and ideas for optimizing GBM applications in tissue engineering. This review demonstrates the significance and related mechanism of the immunomodulatory function of GBM application in tissue engineering; more importantly, it contributes insights into the design of GBMs to enhance wound healing and tissue regeneration in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xiner Tan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Shijia Qiao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528399, China
| | - Wenqiang Xie
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Nianqiang Jin
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jiankang He
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ruhui Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xuan Lai
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Fujian Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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14
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Hassun LA, Ruggeri MLR, de Souza SA, Rossato AM, Chmieleski GS, de Carvalho LS, Riccetto AGL, Degasperi GR. Adipokines from adipose tissue and common variable immunodeficiency: Is there any association? Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13257. [PMID: 37873571 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin and leptin are adipokines, secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT), which play an important role in energy homeostasis. Some evidence has shown that adipokine-producing adipose cells present in the bone marrow (BM) appear to exert an influence on hematopoiesis and B cell development. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the most common inborn errors of immunity in humans. In CVID, numerical and/or functional defects of B cells and their precursors result in hypogammaglobulinemia, usually Immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG. Manifestations of CVID include immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, inflammation and lymphoproliferation, resulting in a wide range of phenotypes. How adipokines interact and influence the pathophysiology of CVID is still unclear. In this review, we seek to summarize the aspects known so far concerning the interface between adipokines, B cells and CVID. More research is needed to fully understand these interactions; this knowledge is a potential avenue for the discovery of useful biomarkers and may provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with CVID and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Amorim Hassun
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Ricarte Ruggeri
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefany Alvino de Souza
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alice Mory Rossato
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Souza Chmieleski
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Scarpini de Carvalho
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gut Lopes Riccetto
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Rosa Degasperi
- Center for Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Todosenko N, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Yurova K, Bograya M, Beletskaya M, Vulf M, Mikhailova L, Minchenko A, Soroko I, Khlusov I, Litvinova L. Adipocyte- and Monocyte-Mediated Vicious Circle of Inflammation and Obesity (Review of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12259. [PMID: 37569635 PMCID: PMC10418857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes play a key role in the development of metabolic syndrome, and especially obesity. Given the complex features of their development from progenitor cells, whose regulation is mediated by their interactions with bone marrow adipocytes, the importance of a detailed study of the heterogeneous composition of monocytes at the molecular and systemic levels becomes clear. Research argues for monocytes as indicators of changes in the body's metabolism and the possibility of developing therapeutic strategies to combat obesity and components of metabolic syndrome based on manipulations of the monocyte compound of the immune response. An in-depth study of the heterogeneity of bone-marrow-derived monocytes and adipocytes could provide answers to many questions about the pathogenesis of obesity and reveal their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Maria Bograya
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Maria Beletskaya
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Maria Vulf
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Larisa Mikhailova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Anastasia Minchenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Irina Soroko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Igor Khlusov
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (O.K.); (V.M.); (K.Y.); (M.B.); (M.B.); (M.V.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (I.K.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Microfluidic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovskii Trakt, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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16
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Pasupuleti SK, Ramdas B, Burns SS, Palam LR, Kanumuri R, Kumar R, Pandhiri TR, Dave UP, Yellapu NK, Zhou X, Zhang C, Sandusky GE, Yu Z, Honigberg MC, Bick AG, Griffin GK, Niroula A, Ebert BL, Paczesny S, Natarajan P, Kapur R. Obesity-induced inflammation exacerbates clonal hematopoiesis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163968. [PMID: 37071471 PMCID: PMC10231999 DOI: 10.1172/jci163968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by the accumulation of somatic mutations in blood cell lineages, clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is frequent in aging and involves the expansion of mutated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSC/Ps) that leads to an increased risk of hematologic malignancy. However, the risk factors that contribute to CHIP-associated clonal hematopoiesis (CH) are poorly understood. Obesity induces a proinflammatory state and fatty bone marrow (FBM), which may influence CHIP-associated pathologies. We analyzed exome sequencing and clinical data for 47,466 individuals with validated CHIP in the UK Biobank. CHIP was present in 5.8% of the study population and was associated with a significant increase in the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Mouse models of obesity and CHIP driven by heterozygosity of Tet2, Dnmt3a, Asxl1, and Jak2 resulted in exacerbated expansion of mutant HSC/Ps due in part to excessive inflammation. Our results show that obesity is highly associated with CHIP and that a proinflammatory state could potentiate the progression of CHIP to more significant hematologic neoplasia. The calcium channel blockers nifedipine and SKF-96365, either alone or in combination with metformin, MCC950, or anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist), suppressed the growth of mutant CHIP cells and partially restored normal hematopoiesis. Targeting CHIP-mutant cells with these drugs could be a potential therapeutic approach to treat CH and its associated abnormalities in individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baskar Ramdas
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Sarah S. Burns
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and
| | | | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and
| | | | - Utpal P. Dave
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nanda Kumar Yellapu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and
| | - George E. Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhi Yu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael C. Honigberg
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gabriel K. Griffin
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Epigenomics Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin L. Ebert
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sophie Paczesny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charlestown, South Carolina, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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17
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Zioni N, Bercovich AA, Chapal-Ilani N, Bacharach T, Rappoport N, Solomon A, Avraham R, Kopitman E, Porat Z, Sacma M, Hartmut G, Scheller M, Muller-Tidow C, Lipka D, Shlush E, Minden M, Kaushansky N, Shlush LI. Inflammatory signals from fatty bone marrow support DNMT3A driven clonal hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2070. [PMID: 37045808 PMCID: PMC10097668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Both fatty bone marrow (FBM) and somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), also termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH) accumulate with human aging. However it remains unclear whether FBM can modify the evolution of CH. To address this question, we herein present the interaction between CH and FBM in two preclinical male mouse models: after sub-lethal irradiation or after castration. An adipogenesis inhibitor (PPARγ inhibitor) is used in both models as a control. A significant increase in self-renewal can be detected in both human and rodent DNMT3AMut-HSCs when exposed to FBM. DNMT3AMut-HSCs derived from older mice interacting with FBM have even higher self-renewal in comparison to DNMT3AMut-HSCs derived from younger mice. Single cell RNA-sequencing on rodent HSCs after exposing them to FBM reveal a 6-10 fold increase in DNMT3AMut-HSCs and an activated inflammatory signaling. Cytokine analysis of BM fluid and BM derived adipocytes grown in vitro demonstrates an increased IL-6 levels under FBM conditions. Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibodies significantly reduce the selective advantage of DNMT3AMut-HSCs exposed to FBM. Overall, paracrine FBM inflammatory signals promote DNMT3A-driven clonal hematopoiesis, which can be inhibited by blocking the IL-6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zioni
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - A Akhiad Bercovich
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - N Chapal-Ilani
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Bacharach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - N Rappoport
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Solomon
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - R Avraham
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Kopitman
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Z Porat
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - M Sacma
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Hartmut
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Scheller
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Muller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Lipka
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Shlush
- IVF Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - M Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Hematology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Kaushansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liran I Shlush
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Institute Rambam Healthcare campus Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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18
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Barthelemy J, Bogard G, Wolowczuk I. Beyond energy balance regulation: The underestimated role of adipose tissues in host defense against pathogens. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1083191. [PMID: 36936928 PMCID: PMC10019896 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1083191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the adipose tissue (AT) is a central metabolic organ in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis, it is also an important endocrine and immunological organ. As an endocrine organ, AT secretes a variety of bioactive peptides known as adipokines - some of which have inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. As an immunological organ, AT contains a broad spectrum of innate and adaptive immune cells that have mostly been studied in the context of obesity. However, overwhelming evidence supports the notion that AT is a genuine immunological effector site, which contains all cell subsets required to induce and generate specific and effective immune responses against pathogens. Indeed, AT was reported to be an immune reservoir in the host's response to infection, and a site of parasitic, bacterial and viral infections. In addition, besides AT's immune cells, preadipocytes and adipocytes were shown to express innate immune receptors, and adipocytes were reported as antigen-presenting cells to regulate T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity. Here we review the current knowledge on the role of AT and AT's immune system in host defense against pathogens. First, we will summarize the main characteristics of AT: type, distribution, function, and extraordinary plasticity. Second, we will describe the intimate contact AT has with lymph nodes and vessels, and AT immune cell composition. Finally, we will present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the current research on the contribution of AT to host defense against pathogens, including the respiratory viruses influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille (CHU Lille), Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Lille, France
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19
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Smith HL, Gray JC, Beers SA, Kanczler JM. Tri-Lineage Differentiation Potential of Osteosarcoma Cell Lines and Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from Different Anatomical Locations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043667. [PMID: 36835079 PMCID: PMC9960605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone cancer osteosarcoma, found mainly in adolescents, routinely forms around the growth plate/metaphysis of long bones. Bone marrow composition changes with age, shifting from a more hematopoietic to an adipocyte-rich tissue. This conversion occurs in the metaphysis during adolescence, implicating a link between bone marrow conversion and osteosarcoma initiation. To assess this, the tri-lineage differentiation potential of human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSCs) isolated from the femoral diaphysis/metaphysis (FD) and epiphysis (FE) was characterized and compared to two osteosarcoma cell lines, Saos-2 and MG63. Compared to FE-cells, FD-cells showed an increase in tri-lineage differentiation. Additionally, differences were found between the Saos-2 cells exhibiting higher levels of osteogenic differentiation, lower adipogenic differentiation, and a more developed chondrogenic phenotype than MG63, with the Saos-2 being more comparable to FD-derived HBMSCs. The differences found between the FD and FE derived cells are consistent with the FD region containing more hematopoietic tissue compared to the FE. This may be related to the similarities between FD-derived cells and Saos-2 cells during osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. These studies reveal distinct differences in the tri-lineage differentiations of 'hematopoietic' and 'adipocyte rich' bone marrow, which correlate with specific characteristics of the two osteosarcoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Smith
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faulty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Juliet C. Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A. Beers
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Janos M. Kanczler
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Human Development and Health, Faulty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Correspondence:
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20
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Aru B, Pehlivanoğlu C, Dal Z, Dereli-Çalışkan NN, Gürlü E, Yanıkkaya-Demirel G. A potential area of use for immune checkpoint inhibitors: Targeting bone marrow microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1108200. [PMID: 36742324 PMCID: PMC9895857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1108200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises from the cells of myeloid lineage and is the most frequent leukemia type in adulthood accounting for about 80% of all cases. The most common treatment strategy for the treatment of AML includes chemotherapy, in rare cases radiotherapy and stem cell and bone marrow transplantation are considered. Immune checkpoint proteins involve in the negative regulation of immune cells, leading to an escape from immune surveillance, in turn, causing failure of tumor cell elimination. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target the negative regulation of the immune cells and support the immune system in terms of anti-tumor immunity. Bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) bears various blood cell lineages and the interactions between these lineages and the noncellular components of BMM are considered important for AML development and progression. Administration of ICIs for the AML treatment may be a promising option by regulating BMM. In this review, we summarize the current treatment options in AML treatment and discuss the possible application of ICIs in AML treatment from the perspective of the regulation of BMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Cemil Pehlivanoğlu
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Dal
- School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Ege Gürlü
- School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gülderen Yanıkkaya-Demirel
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye,*Correspondence: Gülderen Yanıkkaya-Demirel,
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21
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Fairfield H, Condruti R, Farrell M, Di Iorio R, Gartner CA, Vary C, Reagan MR. Development and characterization of three cell culture systems to investigate the relationship between primary bone marrow adipocytes and myeloma cells. Front Oncol 2023; 12:912834. [PMID: 36713534 PMCID: PMC9874147 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.912834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique properties of the bone marrow (BM) allow for migration and proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells while also providing the perfect environment for development of quiescent, drug-resistant MM cell clones. BM adipocytes (BMAds) have recently been identified as important contributors to systemic adipokine levels, bone strength, hematopoiesis, and progression of metastatic and primary BM cancers, such as MM. Recent studies in myeloma suggest that BMAds can be reprogrammed by tumor cells to contribute to myeloma-induced bone disease, and, reciprocally, BMAds support MM cells in vitro. Importantly, most data investigating BMAds have been generated using adipocytes generated by differentiating BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) into adipocytes in vitro using adipogenic media, due to the extreme technical challenges associated with isolating and culturing primary adipocytes. However, if studies could be performed with primary adipocytes, then they likely will recapitulate in vivo biology better than BMSC-derived adipocytes, as the differentiation process is artificial and differs from in vivo differentiation, and progenitor cell(s) of the primary BMAd (pBMAds) may not be the same as the BMSCs precursors used for adipogenic differentiation in vitro. Therefore, we developed and refined three methods for culturing pBMAds: two-dimensional (2D) coverslips, 2D transwells, and three-dimensional (3D) silk scaffolds, all of which can be cultured alone or with MM cells to investigate bidirectional tumor-host signaling. To develop an in vitro model with a tissue-like structure to mimic the BM microenvironment, we developed the first 3D, tissue engineered model utilizing pBMAds derived from human BM. We found that pBMAds, which are extremely fragile, can be isolated and stably cultured in 2D for 10 days and in 3D for up to 4 week in vitro. To investigate the relationship between pBMAds and myeloma, MM cells can be added to investigate physical relationships through confocal imaging and soluble signaling molecules via mass spectrometry. In summary, we developed three in vitro cell culture systems to study pBMAds and myeloma cells, which could be adapted to investigate many diseases and biological processes involving the BM, including other bone-homing tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fairfield
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Mariah Farrell
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Reagan Di Iorio
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Carlos A. Gartner
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Calvin Vary
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Michaela R. Reagan,
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22
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Burkhardt LM, Bucher CH, Löffler J, Rinne C, Duda GN, Geissler S, Schulz TJ, Schmidt-Bleek K. The benefits of adipocyte metabolism in bone health and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1104709. [PMID: 36895792 PMCID: PMC9988968 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from musculoskeletal diseases must cope with a diminished quality of life and an increased burden on medical expenses. The interaction of immune cells and mesenchymal stromal cells during bone regeneration is one of the key requirements for the restoration of skeletal integrity. While stromal cells of the osteo-chondral lineage support bone regeneration, an excessive accumulation of cells of the adipogenic lineage is thought to promote low-grade inflammation and impair bone regeneration. Increasing evidence indicates that pro-inflammatory signaling from adipocytes is responsible for various chronic musculoskeletal diseases. This review aims to summarize the features of bone marrow adipocytes by phenotype, function, secretory features, metabolic properties and their impact on bone formation. In detail, the master regulator of adipogenesis and prominent diabetes drug target, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG), will be debated as a potential therapeutic approach to enhance bone regeneration. We will explore the possibilities of using clinically established PPARG agonists, the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), as a treatment strategy to guide the induction of a pro-regenerative, metabolically active bone marrow adipose tissue. The impact of this PPARG induced bone marrow adipose tissue type on providing the necessary metabolites to sustain osteogenic-as well as beneficial immune cells during bone fracture healing will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Burkhardt
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian H Bucher
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Löffler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Rinne
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Changes in interstitial fluid flow, mass transport and the bone cell response in microgravity and normogravity. Bone Res 2022; 10:65. [PMID: 36411278 PMCID: PMC9678891 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, our scientific interest in spaceflight has grown exponentially and resulted in a thriving area of research, with hundreds of astronauts spending months of their time in space. A recent shift toward pursuing territories farther afield, aiming at near-Earth asteroids, the Moon, and Mars combined with the anticipated availability of commercial flights to space in the near future, warrants continued understanding of the human physiological processes and response mechanisms when in this extreme environment. Acute skeletal loss, more severe than any bone loss seen on Earth, has significant implications for deep space exploration, and it remains elusive as to why there is such a magnitude of difference between bone loss on Earth and loss in microgravity. The removal of gravity eliminates a critical primary mechano-stimulus, and when combined with exposure to both galactic and solar cosmic radiation, healthy human tissue function can be negatively affected. An additional effect found in microgravity, and one with limited insight, involves changes in dynamic fluid flow. Fluids provide the most fundamental way to transport chemical and biochemical elements within our bodies and apply an essential mechano-stimulus to cells. Furthermore, the cell cytoplasm is not a simple liquid, and fluid transport phenomena together with viscoelastic deformation of the cytoskeleton play key roles in cell function. In microgravity, flow behavior changes drastically, and the impact on cells within the porous system of bone and the influence of an expanding level of adiposity are not well understood. This review explores the role of interstitial fluid motion and solute transport in porous bone under two different conditions: normogravity and microgravity.
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24
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Interplay between fat cells and immune cells in bone: Impact on malignant progression and therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Mishra S, Dubey DB, Agarwal K, Dubey DB, Verma S, Shabbir N, Kushwaha R, Reddy DH, Singh US, Ali W. Circulating Cell-Free DNA Level in Prediction of COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: Correlation of with Haematology and Serum Biochemical Parameters. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 38:172-181. [PMID: 36032561 PMCID: PMC9392861 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte dysregulation in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a major contributing factor linked to disease severity and mortality. Apoptosis results in the accumulation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in circulation. COVID-19 has a heterogeneous clinical course. The role of cfDNA levels was studied to assess the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients and correlated with other laboratory parameters. The current case series included 100 patients with mild COVID-19 (MCOV-19) and 106 patients with severe COVID-19 (SCOV-19). Plasma cfDNA levels were quantified using SYBR green quantitative real-time PCR through amplification of the β-actin gene. CfDNA level was significantly higher in SCOV-19 at 706.7 ng/ml (522.6–1258) as compared to MCOV-19 at 219.8 ng/ml (167.7–299.6). The cfDNA levels were significantly higher in non-survivor than in survivors (p = 0.0001). CfDNA showed a significant correlation with NLR, ferritin, LDH, procalcitonin, and IL-6. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of cfDNA in the discrimination of SCOV-19 from MCOV-19 were 90.57% & 80%, respectively. CfDNA showed a sensitivity of 94.74% in the differentiation of non-survivors from survivors. CfDNA levels showed a significant positive correlation with other laboratory and inflammatory markers of COVID-19. CfDNA levels, NLR, and other parameters may be used to stratify and monitor COVID-19 patients and predict mortality. CfDNA may be used to predict COVID-19 severity with higher diagnostic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22610 India
| | - Devanshi B. Dubey
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Krachi Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Deval B. Dubey
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Shweta Verma
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Nida Shabbir
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Rashmi Kushwaha
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - D Himanshu Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Uma Shankar Singh
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Chowk, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India
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26
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Hernandez M, Shin S, Muller C, Attané C. The role of bone marrow adipocytes in cancer progression: the impact of obesity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:589-605. [PMID: 35708800 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissues (BMATs) and their main cellular component, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), are found within the bone marrow (BM), which is a niche for the development of hematological malignancies as well as bone metastasis from solid tumors such as breast and prostate cancers. In humans, BMAds are present within the hematopoietic or "red" BMAT and in the "yellow" BMAT where they are more densely packed. BMAds are emerging as new actors in tumor progression; however, there are many outstanding questions regarding their precise role. In this review, we summarized our current knowledge regarding the development, distribution, and regulation by external stimuli of the BMATs in mice and humans and addressed how obesity could affect these traits. We then discussed the specific metabolic phenotype of BMAds that appear to be different from "classical" white adipocytes, since they are devoid of lipolytic function. According to this characterization, we presented how tumor cells affect the in vitro and in vivo phenotype of BMAds and the signals emanating from BMAds that are susceptible to modulate tumor behavior with a specific emphasis on their metabolic crosstalk with cancer cells. Finally, we discussed how obesity could affect this crosstalk. Deciphering the role of BMAds in tumor progression would certainly lead to the identification of new targets in oncology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Hernandez
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Sauyeun Shin
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| | - Camille Attané
- Institut de Pharmacologie Et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France.
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27
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Tian J, Chung HK, Moon JS, Nga HT, Lee HY, Kim JT, Chang JY, Kang SG, Ryu D, Che X, Choi J, Tsukasaki M, Sasako T, Lee S, Shong M, Yi H. Skeletal muscle mitoribosomal defects are linked to low bone mass caused by bone marrow inflammation in male mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1785-1799. [PMID: 35306755 PMCID: PMC9178379 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is a critical regulator of skeletal muscle mass and function. Although muscle atrophy due to mitochondrial dysfunction is closely associated with bone loss, the biological characteristics of the relationship between muscle and bone remain obscure. We showed that muscle atrophy caused by skeletal muscle-specific CR6-interacting factor 1 knockout (MKO) modulates the bone marrow (BM) inflammatory response, leading to low bone mass. METHODS MKO mice with lower muscle OxPhos were fed a normal chow or high-fat diet and then evaluated for muscle mass and function, and bone mineral density. Immunophenotyping of BM immune cells was also performed. BM transcriptomic analysis was used to identify key factors regulating bone mass in MKO mice. To determine the effects of BM-derived CXCL12 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12) on regulation of bone homeostasis, a variety of BM niche-resident cells were treated with recombinant CXCL12. Vastus lateralis muscle and BM immune cell samples from 14 patients with hip fracture were investigated to examine the association between muscle function and BM inflammation. RESULTS MKO mice exhibited significant reductions in both muscle mass and expression of OxPhos subunits but increased transcription of mitochondrial stress response-related genes in the extensor digitorum longus (P < 0.01). MKO mice showed a decline in grip strength and a higher drop rate in the wire hanging test (P < 0.01). Micro-computed tomography and von Kossa staining revealed that MKO mice developed a low mass phenotype in cortical and trabecular bone (P < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis of the BM revealed that mitochondrial stress responses in skeletal muscles induce an inflammatory response and adipogenesis in the BM and that the CXCL12-CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor 4) axis is important for T-cell homing to the BM. Antagonism of CXCR4 attenuated BM inflammation and increased bone mass in MKO mice. In humans, patients with low body mass index (BMI = 17.2 ± 0.42 kg/m2 ) harboured a larger population of proinflammatory and cytotoxic senescent T-cells in the BMI (P < 0.05) and showed reduced expression of OxPhos subunits in the vastus lateralis, compared with controls with a normal BMI (23.7 ± 0.88 kg/m2 ) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Defects in muscle mitochondrial OxPhos promote BM inflammation in mice, leading to decreased bone mass. Muscle mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to BM inflammatory cytokine secretion via the CXCL12-CXCR4 signalling axis, which is critical for inducing low bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tian
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Joon Young Chang
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea
- Samsung Biomedical Research InstituteSamsung Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Xiangguo Che
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and ImmunologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian UniversityYanjiChina
| | - Je‐Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Masayuki Tsukasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takayoshi Sasako
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Sang‐Hee Lee
- Bio‐Electron Microscopy Research Center (104‐Dong)Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonKorea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune SystemChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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28
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Little-Letsinger SE, Rubin J, Diekman B, Rubin CT, McGrath C, Pagnotti GM, Klett EL, Styner M. Exercise to Mend Aged-tissue Crosstalk in Bone Targeting Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:22-35. [PMID: 34489173 PMCID: PMC8840966 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging induces alterations in bone structure and strength through a multitude of processes, exacerbating common aging- related diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Cellular hallmarks of aging are examined, as related to bone and the marrow microenvironment, and ways in which these might contribute to a variety of age-related perturbations in osteoblasts, osteocytes, marrow adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors. Cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and intracellular communication changes are central pathways and recognized as associated and potentially causal in aging. We focus on these in musculoskeletal system and highlight knowledge gaps in the literature regarding cellular and tissue crosstalk in bone, cartilage, and the bone marrow niche. While senolytics have been utilized to target aging pathways, here we propose non-pharmacologic, exercise-based interventions as prospective "senolytics" against aging effects on the skeleton. Increased bone mass and delayed onset or progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are some of the recognized benefits of regular exercise across the lifespan. Further investigation is needed to delineate how cellular indicators of aging manifest in bone and the marrow niche and how altered cellular and tissue crosstalk impact disease progression, as well as consideration of exercise as a therapeutic modality, as a means to enhance discovery of bone-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- SE Little-Letsinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - B Diekman
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Joint Departments of Biomedical Engineering NC State & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - CT Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook
| | - C McGrath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - GM Pagnotti
- Dept of Endocrine, Neoplasia, and Hormonal Disorders, University Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - EL Klett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M Styner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Li Y, Cao S, Gaculenko A, Zhan Y, Bozec A, Chen X. Distinct Metabolism of Bone Marrow Adipocytes and their Role in Bone Metastasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:902033. [PMID: 35800430 PMCID: PMC9253270 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.902033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) represent 10% of the total fat mass of the human body and serve as an energy reservoir for the skeletal niche. They function as an endocrine organ by actively secreting fatty acids, cytokines, and adipokines. The volume of BMAs increases along with age, osteoporosis and/or obesity. With the rapid development of multi-omic analysis and the advance in in vivo imaging technology, further distinct characteristics and functions of BMAs have been revealed. There is accumulating evidence that BMAs are metabolically, biologically and functionally unique from white, brown, beige and pink adipocytes. Bone metastatic disease is an uncurable complication in cancer patients, where primary cancer cells spread from their original site into the bone marrow. Recent publications have highlighted those BMAs could also serve as a rich lipid source of fatty acids that can be utilized by the cancer cells during bone metastasis, particularly for breast, prostate, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer as well as melanoma. In this review, we summarize the novel progressions in BMAs metabolism, especially with multi-omic analysis and in vivo imaging technology. We also update the metabolic role of BMAs in bone metastasis, and their potential new avenues for diagnosis and therapies against metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anastasia Gaculenko
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yifan Zhan
- Drug Discovery, Shanghai Huaota Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxiang Chen,
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30
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Aaron N, Costa S, Rosen CJ, Qiang L. The Implications of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue on Inflammaging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853765. [PMID: 35360075 PMCID: PMC8962663 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Once considered an inert filler of the bone cavity, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is now regarded as a metabolically active organ that plays versatile roles in endocrine function, hematopoiesis, bone homeostasis and metabolism, and, potentially, energy conservation. While the regulation of BMAT is inadequately understood, it is recognized as a unique and dynamic fat depot that is distinct from peripheral fat. As we age, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) accumulate throughout the bone marrow (BM) milieu to influence the microenvironment. This process is conceivably signaled by the secretion of adipocyte-derived factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Adipokines participate in the development of a chronic state of low-grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging), which trigger changes in the immune system that are characterized by declining fidelity and efficiency and cause an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory networks. In this review, we discuss the local effects of BMAT on bone homeostasis and the hematopoietic niche, age-related inflammatory changes associated with BMAT accrual, and the downstream effect on endocrine function, energy expenditure, and metabolism. Furthermore, we address therapeutic strategies to prevent BMAT accumulation and associated dysfunction during aging. In sum, BMAT is emerging as a critical player in aging and its explicit characterization still requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Aaron
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Samantha Costa
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
- *Correspondence: Clifford J. Rosen, ; Li Qiang,
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Clifford J. Rosen, ; Li Qiang,
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31
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Wang L, Zhang H, Wang S, Chen X, Su J. Bone Marrow Adipocytes: A Critical Player in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:770705. [PMID: 34912805 PMCID: PMC8667222 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.770705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognized for nearly 100 years, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) form bone marrow niches that contain hematopoietic and bone cells, the roles of which have long been underestimated. Distinct from canonical white, brown, and beige adipocytes, BMAs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells possess unique characteristics and functions. Recent single-cell sequencing studies have revealed the differentiation pathway, and seminal works support the tenet that BMAs are critical regulators in hematopoiesis, osteogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis. In this review, we discuss the origin and differentiation of BMAs, as well as the roles of BMAs in hematopoiesis, osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and immune regulation. Overall, BMAs represent a novel target for bone marrow-related diseases, including osteoporosis and leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics Trauma, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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32
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Furesi G, Fert I, Beaufrère M, Araujo LM, Glatigny S, Baschant U, von Bonin M, Hofbauer LC, Horwood NJ, Breban M, Rauner M. Rodent Models of Spondyloarthritis Have Decreased White and Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Depots. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665208. [PMID: 34149700 PMCID: PMC8207134 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has recently been recognized as a distinct fat depot with endocrine functions. However, if and how it is regulated by chronic inflammation remains unknown. Here, we investigate the amount of white fat and BMAT in HLA-B27 transgenic rats and curdlan-challenged SKG mice, two well-established models of chronic inflammatory spondyloarthritis (SpA). Subcutaneous and gonadal white adipose tissue and BMAT was reduced by 65-70% and by up to 90% in both experimental models. Consistently, B27 rats had a 2-3-fold decrease in the serum concentrations of the adipocyte-derived cytokines adiponectin and leptin as well as a 2-fold lower concentration of triglycerides. The bone marrow of B27 rats was further characterized by higher numbers of neutrophils, lower numbers of erythroblast precursors, and higher numbers of IL-17 producing CD4+ T cells. IL-17 concentration was also increased in the serum of B27 rats. Using a cell culture model, we show that high levels of IL-17 in the serum of B27 rats negatively impacted adipogenesis (-76%), an effect that was reversed in the presence of neutralizing anti-IL-17 antibody. In summary, these findings show BMAT is severely reduced in two experimental models of chronic inflammatory SpA and suggest that IL-17 is involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Furesi
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Laboratoire Infection et inflammation, UMR U1173 INSERM/Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France
| | - Marie Beaufrère
- Laboratoire Infection et inflammation, UMR U1173 INSERM/Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France
| | - Luiza M Araujo
- Laboratoire Infection et inflammation, UMR U1173 INSERM/Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France
| | - Simon Glatigny
- Laboratoire Infection et inflammation, UMR U1173 INSERM/Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France
| | - Ulrike Baschant
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Department of Medicine I, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole J Horwood
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Maxime Breban
- Laboratoire Infection et inflammation, UMR U1173 INSERM/Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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33
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Bonaud A, Lemos JP, Espéli M, Balabanian K. Hematopoietic Multipotent Progenitors and Plasma Cells: Neighbors or Roommates in the Mouse Bone Marrow Ecosystem? Front Immunol 2021; 12:658535. [PMID: 33936091 PMCID: PMC8083056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow is a complex ecosystem in which hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells reside. In this review, we discuss the bone marrow niches in mice that facilitate the survival, maintenance, and differentiation of cells of hematopoietic origin based on the recent literature. Our review places a special focus on the hematopoietic multipotent progenitors and on plasma cells, corresponding to the last stage of the B-cell lineage, that play a key role in the humoral memory response. We highlight the similarities between the microenvironments necessary for the establishment and the maintenance of these two immune cell subsets, and how the chemokine CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis contributes to these processes. Finally, we bring elements to address the following question: are multipotent progenitors and plasma cells neighbors or roommates within the bone marrow?
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Bonaud
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Julia P Lemos
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marion Espéli
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, INSERM U1160, Paris, France.,OPALE Carnot Institute, The Organization for Partnerships in Leukemia, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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34
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Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) are prominent global health issues; therefore, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms underlying these conditions. The onset of obesity is characterized by accumulation of proinflammatory cells, including Ly6chi monocytes (which differentiate into proinflammatory macrophages) and neutrophils, in metabolic tissues. This shift toward chronic, low-grade inflammation is an obese-state hallmark and highly linked to metabolic disorders and other obesity comorbidities. The mechanisms that induce and maintain increased inflammatory myelopoiesis are of great interest, with a recent focus on how obesity affects more primitive hematopoietic cells. The hematopoietic system is constantly replenished by proper regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) pools in the BM. While early research suggests that chronic obesity promotes expansion of myeloid-skewed HSPCs, the involvement of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in regulating obesity-induced myelopoiesis remains undefined. In this review, we explore the role of the multicellular HSC niche in hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the potential contribution of this niche to the hematopoietic response to obesity. This review further aims to summarize the potential HSC niche involvement as a target of obesity-induced inflammation and a driver of obesity-induced myelopoiesis.
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35
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Lucas S, Tencerova M, von der Weid B, Andersen TL, Attané C, Behler-Janbeck F, Cawthorn WP, Ivaska KK, Naveiras O, Podgorski I, Reagan MR, van der Eerden BCJ. Guidelines for Biobanking of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Related Cell Types: Report of the Biobanking Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:744527. [PMID: 34646237 PMCID: PMC8503265 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.744527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, increased interest of scientists to study bone marrow adiposity (BMA) in relation to bone and adipose tissue physiology has expanded the number of publications using different sources of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). However, each source of BMAT has its limitations in the number of downstream analyses for which it can be used. Based on this increased scientific demand, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) established a Biobanking Working Group to identify the challenges of biobanking for human BMA-related samples and to develop guidelines to advance establishment of biobanks for BMA research. BMA is a young, growing field with increased interest among many diverse scientific communities. These bring new perspectives and important biological questions on how to improve and build an international community with biobank databases that can be used and shared all over the world. However, to create internationally accessible biobanks, several practical and legislative issues must be addressed to create a general ethical protocol used in all institutes, to allow for exchange of biological material internationally. In this position paper, the BMAS Biobanking Working Group describes similarities and differences of patient information (PIF) and consent forms from different institutes and addresses a possibility to create uniform documents for BMA biobanking purposes. Further, based on discussion among Working Group members, we report an overview of the current isolation protocols for human bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, formerly mesenchymal), highlighting the specific points crucial for effective isolation. Although we remain far from a unified BMAd isolation protocol and PIF, we have summarized all of these important aspects, which are needed to build a BMA biobank. In conclusion, we believe that harmonizing isolation protocols and PIF globally will help to build international collaborations and improve the quality and interpretation of BMA research outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lucas
- Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab-MABLab ULR4490, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Benoit von der Weid
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Clinical Cell Biology, Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Cell Biology, Pathology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camille Attané
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Friederike Behler-Janbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - William P. Cawthorn
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kaisa K. Ivaska
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School for Biomedical Science, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bram C. J. van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Bram C. J. van der Eerden,
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36
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Mitochondria at Work: New Insights into Regulation and Dysregulation of Cellular Energy Supply and Metabolism. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110526. [PMID: 33266387 PMCID: PMC7700424 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are of great relevance to health, and their dysregulation is associated with major chronic diseases. Research on mitochondria-156 brand new publications from 2019 and 2020-have contributed to this review. Mitochondria have been fundamental for the evolution of complex organisms. As important and semi-autonomous organelles in cells, they can adapt their function to the needs of the respective organ. They can program their function to energy supply (e.g., to keep heart muscle cells going, life-long) or to metabolism (e.g., to support hepatocytes and liver function). The capacity of mitochondria to re-program between different options is important for all cell types that are capable of changing between a resting state and cell proliferation, such as stem cells and immune cells. Major chronic diseases are characterized by mitochondrial dysregulation. This will be exemplified by cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, immune system disorders, and cancer. New strategies for intervention in chronic diseases will be presented. The tumor microenvironment can be considered a battlefield between cancer and immune defense, competing for energy supply and metabolism. Cancer cachexia is considered as a final stage of cancer progression. Nevertheless, the review will present an example of complete remission of cachexia via immune cell transfer. These findings should encourage studies along the lines of mitochondria, energy supply, and metabolism.
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37
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Liu C, Zhao Q, Yu X. Bone Marrow Adipocytes, Adipocytokines, and Breast Cancer Cells: Novel Implications in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:561595. [PMID: 33123472 PMCID: PMC7566900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.561595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating discoveries highlight the importance of interaction between marrow stromal cells and cancer cells for bone metastasis. Bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer and bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant component of the bone marrow microenvironment. BMAs are unique in their origin and location, and recently they are found to serve as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. It is reasonable to speculate that BMAs contribute to the modification of bone metastatic microenvironment and affecting metastatic breast cancer cells in the bone marrow. Indeed, BMAs may participate in bone metastasis of breast cancer through regulation of recruitment, invasion, survival, colonization, proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation by their production of various adipocytokines. In this review, we provide an overview of research progress, focusing on adipocytokines secreted by BMAs and their potential roles for bone metastasis of breast cancer, and investigating the mechanisms mediating the interaction between BMAs and metastatic breast cancer cells. Based on current findings, BMAs may function as a pivotal modulator of bone metastasis of breast cancer, therefore targeting BMAs combined with conventional treatment programs might present a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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38
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Zinngrebe J, Debatin KM, Fischer-Posovszky P. Adipocytes in hematopoiesis and acute leukemia: friends, enemies, or innocent bystanders? Leukemia 2020; 34:2305-2316. [PMID: 32474572 PMCID: PMC7449871 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow is home to well-balanced normal hematopoiesis, but also the stage of leukemia's crime. Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is a unique and versatile component of the bone marrow niche. While the importance of MAT for bone health has long been recognized, its complex role in hematopoiesis has only recently gained attention. In this review article we summarize recent conceptual advances in the field of MAT research and how these developments impact our understanding of MAT regulation of hematopoiesis. Elucidating routes of interaction and regulation between MAT and cells of the hematopoietic system are essential to pinpoint vulnerable processes resulting in malignant transformation. The concept of white adipose tissue contributing to cancer development and progression on the cellular, metabolic, and systemic level is generally accepted. The role of MAT in malignant hematopoiesis, however, is controversial. MAT is very sensitive to changes in the patient's metabolic status hampering a clear definition of its role in different clinical situations. Here, we discuss future directions for leukemia research in the context of metabolism-induced modifications of MAT and other adipose tissues and how this might impact on leukemia cell survival, proliferation, and antileukemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zinngrebe
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, D-89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, D-89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, D-89075, Ulm, Germany.
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39
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Frasca D, Blomberg BB. Adipose tissue, immune aging, and cellular senescence. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:573-587. [PMID: 32785750 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents a serious health problem as it is rapidly increasing worldwide. Obesity is associated with reduced healthspan and lifespan, decreased responses to infections and vaccination, and increased frequency of inflammatory conditions typical of old age. Obesity is characterized by increased fat mass and remodeling of the adipose tissue (AT). In this review, we summarize published data on the different types of AT present in mice and humans, and their roles as fat storage as well as endocrine and immune tissues. We review the age-induced changes, including those in the distribution of fat in the body, in abundance and function of adipocytes and their precursors, and in the infiltration of immune cells from the peripheral blood. We also show that cells with a senescent-associated secretory phenotype accumulate in the AT of mice and humans with age, where they secrete several factors involved in the establishment and maintenance of local inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death, tissue remodeling, and infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells. Not only adipocytes and pre-adipocytes but also immune cells show a senescent phenotype in the AT. With the increase in human lifespan, it is crucial to identify strategies of intervention and target senescent cells in the AT to reduce local and systemic inflammation and the development of age-associated diseases. Several studies have indeed shown that senescent cells can be effectively targeted in the AT by selectively removing them or by inhibiting the pathways that lead to the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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40
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Bone marrow fat: friend or foe in people with diabetes mellitus? Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1031-1048. [PMID: 32337536 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Global trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity put the adipocyte in the focus of huge medical interest. This review highlights a new topic in adipose tissue biology, namely the emerging pathogenic role of fat accumulation in bone marrow (BM). Specifically, we summarize current knowledge about the origin and function of BM adipose tissue (BMAT), provide evidence for the association of excess BMAT with diabetes and related cardiovascular complications, and discuss potential therapeutic approaches to correct BMAT dysfunction. There is still a significant uncertainty about the origins and function of BMAT, although several subpopulations of stromal cells have been suggested to have an adipogenic propensity. BM adipocytes are higly plastic and have a distinctive capacity to secrete adipokines that exert local and endocrine functions. BM adiposity is abundant in elderly people and has therefore been interpreted as a component of the whole-body ageing process. BM senescence and BMAT accumulation has been also reported in patients and animal models with Type 2 diabetes, being more pronounced in those with ischaemic complications. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for excess and altered function of BMAT could lead to new treatments able to preserve whole-body homeostasis.
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Robinson MJ, Webster RH, Tarlinton DM. How intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of plasma cell survival might intersect for durable humoral immunity. Immunol Rev 2020; 296:87-103. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J. Robinson
- Department of Immunology & Pathology Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Rosela H. Webster
- Department of Immunology & Pathology Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - David M. Tarlinton
- Department of Immunology & Pathology Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Pangrazzi L, Naismith E, Miggitsch C, Carmona Arana JA, Keller M, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Weinberger B. The impact of body mass index on adaptive immune cells in the human bone marrow. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:15. [PMID: 32514279 PMCID: PMC7251898 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Obesity has been associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Both conditions play a determinant role in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases, such as immunosenescence. Adipose tissue can modulate the function of the immune system with the secretion of molecules influencing the phenotype of immune cells. The importance of the bone marrow (BM) in the maintenance of antigen-experienced adaptive immune cells has been documented in mice. Recently, some groups have investigated the survival of effector/memory T cells in the human BM. Despite this, whether high body mass index (BMI) may affect immune cells in the BM and the production of molecules supporting the maintenance of these cells it is unknown. Methods Using flow cytometry, the frequency and the phenotype of immune cell populations were measured in paired BM and PB samples obtained from persons with different BMI. Furthermore, the expression of BM cytokines was assessed. The influence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) on T cell subsets was additionally considered, dividing the donors into the CMV− and CMV+ groups. Results Our study suggests that increased BMI may affect both the maintenance and the phenotype of adaptive immune cells in the BM. While the BM levels of IL-15 and IL-6, supporting the survival of highly differentiated T cells, and oxygen radicals increased in overweight persons, the production of IFNγ and TNF by CD8+ T cells was reduced. In addition, the frequency of B cells and CD4+ T cells positively correlated with BMI in the BM of CMV− persons. Finally, the frequency of several T cell subsets, and the expression of senescence/exhaustion markers within these subpopulations, were affected by BMI. In particular, the levels of bona fide memory T cells may be reduced in overweight persons. Conclusion Our work suggests that, in addition to aging and CMV, obesity may represent an additional risk factor for immunosenescence in adaptive immune cells. Metabolic interventions may help in improving the fitness of the immune system in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pangrazzi
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria.,Present Address: Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Corso Bettini, 31 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Erin Naismith
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carina Miggitsch
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria.,Present Address: Private Kinderwunsch-Clinic Dr. J. Zech GmbH, Grabenweg 64, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jose' Antonio Carmona Arana
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Keller
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Weinberger
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10 Innsbruck, Austria
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New Insights into Mechanisms of Long-term Protective Anti-tumor Immunity Induced by Cancer Vaccines Modified by Virus Infection. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030055. [PMID: 32155856 PMCID: PMC7148465 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The topic is how to achieve long-term protective anti-tumor immunity by anti-cancer vaccination and what are its mechanisms. Cancer vaccines should instruct the immune system regarding relevant cancer targets and contain signals for innate immunity activation. Of central importance is T-cell mediated immunity and thus a detailed understanding of cognate interactions between tumor antigen (TA)-specific T cells and TA-presenting dendritic cells. Microbes and their associated molecular patterns initiate early inflammatory defense reactions that can contribute to the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and to costimulation of T cells. The concommitant stimulation of naive TA-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with TAs and costimulatory signals occurs in T-APC clusters that generate effectors, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T cell mediated immunological memory. Information about how such memory can be maintained over long times is updated. The role that the bone marrow with its specialized niches plays for the survival of memory T cells is emphasized. Examples are presented that demonstrate long-term protective anti-tumor immunity can be achieved by post-operative vaccination with autologous cancer vaccines that are modified by virus infection.
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Bravenboer N, Bredella MA, Chauveau C, Corsi A, Douni E, Ferris WF, Riminucci M, Robey PG, Rojas-Sutterlin S, Rosen C, Schulz TJ, Cawthorn WP. Standardised Nomenclature, Abbreviations, and Units for the Study of Bone Marrow Adiposity: Report of the Nomenclature Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 10:923. [PMID: 32038486 PMCID: PMC6993042 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has expanded greatly since the late 1990s, leading to development of new methods for the study of bone marrow adipocytes. Simultaneously, research fields interested in BMA have diversified substantially. This increasing interest is revealing fundamental new knowledge of BMA; however, it has also led to a highly variable nomenclature that makes it difficult to interpret and compare results from different studies. A consensus on BMA nomenclature has therefore become indispensable. This article addresses this critical need for standardised terminology and consistent reporting of parameters related to BMA research. The International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) was formed in 2017 to consolidate the growing scientific community interested in BMA. To address the BMA nomenclature challenge, BMAS members from diverse fields established a working group (WG). Based on their broad expertise, the WG first reviewed the existing, unsystematic nomenclature and identified terms, and concepts requiring further discussion. They thereby identified and defined 8 broad concepts and methods central to BMA research. Notably, these had been described using 519 unique combinations of term, abbreviation and unit, many of which were overlapping or redundant. On this foundation a second consensus was reached, with each term classified as "to use" or "not to use." As a result, the WG reached a consensus to craft recommendations for 26 terms related to concepts and methods in BMA research. This was approved by the Scientific Board and Executive Board of BMAS and is the basis for the present recommendations for a formal BMA nomenclature. As an example, several terms or abbreviations have been used to represent "bone marrow adipocytes," including BMAds, BM-As, and BMAs. The WG decided that BMA should refer to "bone marrow adiposity"; that BM-A is too similar to BMA; and noted that "Ad" has previously been recommended to refer to adipocytes. Thus, it was recommended to use BMAds to represent bone marrow adipocytes. In conclusion, the standard nomenclature proposed in this article should be followed for all communications of results related to BMA. This will allow for better interactions both inside and outside of this emerging scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miriam A. Bredella
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christophe Chauveau
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Univ. Lille, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Lille, France
- Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleni Douni
- Biological Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - William F. Ferris
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, NIDCR, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Shanti Rojas-Sutterlin
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Clifford Rosen
- Maine Medical Research Center Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
| | - Tim J. Schulz
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
| | - William P. Cawthorn
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The age-related accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) negatively impacts bone metabolism and hematopoiesis. This review provides an overview about BMAT-secreted factors as biomarkers for BMAT accumulation and osteoporosis risk. RECENT FINDINGS The adipokines leptin and adiponectin are regulators of BMAT. It remains to be clarified if locally produced adipokines substantially contribute to their peripheral serum levels and if they influence bone metabolism beyond that of extraosseous adipokine production. Existing data also suggests that BMAT disturbs bone metabolism primarily through palmitate-mediated toxic effects on osteoblasts and osteocytes, including dysregulated autophagy and apoptosis. BMAT-secreted factors are important modulators of bone metabolism. However, the majority of our understanding about MAT-secreted factors and their paracrine and endocrine effects is derived from in vitro studies and animal experiments. Therefore, more research is needed before BMAT-secreted biomarkers can be applied in medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15/1, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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