1
|
Santos GD, Rutkoski CF, Folador A, Skovronski VJ, Müller C, Pompermaier A, Hartmann PA, Hartmann M. 2,4-D-based herbicide underdoses cause mortality, malformations, and nuclear abnormalities in Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109840. [PMID: 38218566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Amphibians are considered bioindicators of the environment due to their high sensitivity and involvement in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In the last two decades, 2,4-D has been one of the most widely used herbicides in Brazil and around the world, as its use has been authorized for genetically modified crops and therefore has been detected in surface and groundwater. Against this background, the aim of this work was to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of 2,4-D-based herbicides on survival, malformations, swimming activity, presence of micronuclei and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities in Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. The amphibians were exposed to six concentrations of 2,4-D-based herbicides: 0.0, 4.0, 30.0, 52.5, 75.0, and 100 μg L-1, for 168 h. At concentrations higher than 52.5 μg L-1, significantly increased mortality was observed from 24 h after exposure. At the highest concentration (100 μg L-1), the occurrence of mouth and intestinal malformations was also observed. The occurrence of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities at concentrations of 30.0, 52.5, 75.0 and 100 μg L-1 and the presence of micronuclei at concentrations of 52.5, 75.0, and 100 μg L-1 were also recorded. These effects of 2,4-D in P. cuvieri indicate that the ecological risk observed at concentrations above 10.35 μg L-1 2,4-D may represent a threat to the health and survival of this species, i.e., exposure to 2,4-D at concentrations already detected in surface waters in the species' range is toxic to P. cuvieri.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilcinéia Dos Santos
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Fátima Rutkoski
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Folador
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Vrandrieli Jucieli Skovronski
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Müller
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Pompermaier
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Hartmann
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Marilia Hartmann
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim Campus, RS 135-Km 72, no 200, 99.700-000 Erechim, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Babini MS, Bionda CDL, Martino AL, Peltzer PM. Impacts of horticultural environments on Rhinella arenarum (Anura, Bufonidae) populations: exploring genocytotoxic damage and demographic life history traits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:21235-21248. [PMID: 38388975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Horticulture poses a significant ecological risk, as agrochemicals are applied more frequently and in larger quantities per unit of production compared to extensive crop fields. The native amphibian Rhinella arenarum serves as a reliable bioindicator of environmental health. This study aimed to assess genocytotoxic damage and demographic life history traits of R. arenarum inhabiting horticultural environments. Sampling was conducted in suburban sites in central Argentina: H1 and H2 (sites associated with horticultural activity) and a reference site, RS. Environmental parameters were recorded, and the frequency of micronuclei (Mn), nuclear abnormalities (ENA), and indicators of cytotoxic damage were determined in tadpoles and adults. Demographic variables (age at maturity, longevity, potential reproductive lifespan, size at maturity, modal lifespan) were calculated. The highest nitrate and phosphate values, along with low dissolved oxygen values, were recorded at sites H1 and H2. Organisms inhabiting horticultural environments exhibited higher frequencies of Mn and ENA, surpassing those recorded in previous studies on tadpoles from sites with extensive crop production. Size at maturity and age at maturity of females, as well as size at maturity, longevity, mean age, and mean adult SVL of males, were lower in horticultural sites. The results support the hypothesis that anuran populations inhabiting horticultural environments demonstrate a diminished health status attributed to subpar environmental quality. Monitoring endpoints at different biological levels provides information on the ecotoxicological risk for amphibians and human populations inhabiting nearby areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Selene Babini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales (FCEFQyN), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Clarisa de Lourdes Bionda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales (FCEFQyN), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Adolfo Ludovico Martino
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales (FCEFQyN), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Paola Mariela Peltzer
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lima ICM, Oliveira ICDSD, da Silva Sousa D, Couto NJP, Carvalho Neta RNF, Santos DMS. Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Histological Effects in Neotropical Fish Prochilodus Lacustris (Pisces, Prochilodontidae) in Conservation Area of the Brazilian Northeast. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 112:4. [PMID: 38017119 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Human activities significantly impact the aquatic biota in lacustrine environments, leading to negative environmental consequences. Due to this, this study was carried out to evaluate the genotoxic and histological biomarkers in the gills and kidneys of Prochilodus lacustris. The collection of fish and water was conducted in three distinct stations (S1, S2, S3) in an international protected area in northeast Brazil. The histological alterations index was used to assess changes in the gills and kidneys at a histological level. In addition, micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities tests were employed to examine damage to the genetic material. According to the frequency of Micronucleus, nuclear injuries, and the histopathology of gills and kidneys, it can be inferred that station S1 had the highest impact on the fish, causing significant harm. Based on our findings, the organisms residing in Lake Açu are adversely affected by the poor environmental conditions. This raises doubts about the effectiveness of the Protection Area by Humid Zone of International Interest in Northeast Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Caroline Moreira Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Conservation Ecology and Biodiversity, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo, VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
| | - Itallo Cristian da Silva de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Conservation Ecology and Biodiversity, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo, VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Denise da Silva Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Conservation Ecology and Biodiversity, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo, VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Natália Jovita Pereira Couto
- Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo, VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho Neta
- Postgraduate Program in Conservation Ecology and Biodiversity, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo, VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schvezov N, Caffetti J, Silva C, Boeris J, Baldo D, Lajmanovich R. Impact of soil from monoculture pine plantations on two anuran species from the Atlantic Forest: Odontophrynus reigi and Leptodactylus luctator. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161769. [PMID: 36702263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monoculture tree plantations reduces landscape heterogeneity and the number and diversity of habitats available for species. Physical-chemical changes in soil may affect the ponds where tadpoles develop. This work aimed to study the effect on tadpoles of two species of frogs, Leptodactylus luctator (Ll) and Odontophrynus reigi (Or) exposed to soils from a pine plantation (PP), which were compared to tadpoles exposed to soils from Atlantic Forest, the native forest (NF). The impact of soils from both places on growth, development, antioxidant system and genetic damage of Ll and Or tadpoles were observed. A composite sample (5 kg) of soil was taken from the top 10 cm stratum in a 200 m transect in each site, with random plots of 50x50cm. In collected soil samples Organic Matter (OM), Organic Carbon (OC), and Total Nitrogen (TN) were determined. We conducted laboratory experiments, from 23 until 38 Gosner stages. During the experiment, pH and ammonium in the water were determined. Soil from NF presented higher content of OM, OC and TN, and water pH in PP was 0.2 units lower than in NF. Both species showed ≈60 % increase of catalase activity in PP, and ≈40 % increase of lipid peroxidation in NF. Ll tadpoles presented 10 times higher protein oxidation in PP than in NF, but Gosner stage was higher in NF. In NF the higher OM and OC in both species causes the increase of lipid peroxidation; and Ll responds to a stressor in PP that in Or is not observed. Or presented lower stress response towards PP soils, which indicates a tolerance towards this soil. The changes observed in soil chemistry, although not big from a physical-chemical point of view, affects the growth, development and oxidative stress of two species of anuran tadpoles from the NF, which can affect future populations and anuran diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Schvezov
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
| | - Jacqueline Caffetti
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Carla Silva
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Juan Boeris
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Diego Baldo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Rafael Lajmanovich
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, RN168 Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hacıoğlu Doğru N, Gül Çİ, Çördük N, Tosunoğlu M. Determination of the effects of environmental pollution on the Balkan terrapin, Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 1833). Acta Vet Hung 2022; 70:245-253. [PMID: 36178766 DOI: 10.1556/004.2022.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of environmental pollution on three populations of the Balkan terrapin [Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 1833)] from the Bozcaada, Gökçeada and Dardanos regions were evaluated. The morphological parameters of Balkan terrapins collected on each site were measured and blood samples were taken for haematological analysis and micronucleus detection. The physicochemical, microbiological and microelement analyses of the water samples from each region were conducted by standard methods. The highest red blood cell, white blood cell and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration values were seen in the samples from Gökçeada. The highest haemoglobin value was found in the samples originating from Bozcaada, whereas the highest haematocrit and mean corpuscular volume values were found in the animals from Dardanos. Based on the microbiological analysis of the water samples, the most polluted site was Gökçeada. The microelement contents of the water and blood samples were different at the three sites, the lowest being in the Gökçeada area. It was revealed that the percentage of red blood cell micronuclei and other nucleus abnormalities in the M. rivulata blood samples was the lowest also in the animals living in the region of Gökçeada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurcİhan Hacıoğlu Doğru
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Çİğdem Gül
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Çördük
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Murat Tosunoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Trivedi SP, Singh S, Trivedi A, Kumar M. Mercuric chloride-induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity, haematological changes and histopathological alterations in fish Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 100:868-883. [PMID: 35195905 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the adverse effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl2 ) overload in the fish Channa punctatus. Two sublethal test concentrations of HgCl2 (1/20th and 1/10th of 96 h LC50 i.e., 0.03 mg l-1 (low concentration) and 0.07 mg l-1 (high concentration), respectively, were used for exposure. Blood, liver and kidney tissues of the control and exposed specimens were sampled at intervals of 15, 30, and 45 days to assess alterations in oxidative stress, genotoxicity haematological parameters and histopathology. Significant changes in Hb%, RBC count, WBC count, antioxidant enzyme activity, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR), were recorded. Micronuclei (MN) induction, nuclear abnormalities (NAs) and histopathological alterations were also observed in the exposed fish. Significant (P < 0.05) increase in the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH and GR was observed. After 45 days, a decrease in the level of GSH and GR was noticed which suggests an undermined anti-oxidative defence system in the fish exposed to HgCl2 . Histological examination of the liver and kidney showed serious tissue injury and histological alterations. Significant increases in MN and NA frequencies reveal the DNA damage in erythrocytes of fish, and haematological changes show the toxicological potential of HgCl2 . The observed changes in the antioxidant defence system, genotoxicity and haematological and histological changes in the present study provide the most extensive insight into HgCl2 stress in C. punctatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil P Trivedi
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Shefalee Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Abha Trivedi
- Department of Animal Sciences, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leitão RG, Silva MP, Diniz MS, Guerra M. Mapping the distribution of mercury (II) chloride in zebrafish organs by benchtop micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence: A proof of concept. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126874. [PMID: 34700157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mercury (Hg) is a globally ubiquitous pollutant and one of the most dangerous metal contaminants, which presents a high risk of bioaccumulation in living organisms. In this study, we mapped the distribution of Hg and other trace elements in zebrafish (Danio rerio), which were exposed to mercury (II) chloride in order to assess its toxicity, bioaccumulation and distribution in fish organs. METHODS Adult zebrafish were exposed for 7 days to different concentrations of mercury (II) chloride and the elemental distribution was obtained through the micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique (μ-EDXRF). RESULTS The results showed that Hg levels, measured in fish tissues, were indicative of bioaccumulation within some of its organs (e.g. visceral mass, gills), and that the physiological processes of accumulation were highly dose-dependent. In addition, the results showed higher concentrations of Hg in the gills. Moreover, other trace elements (e.g. Fe, Cu and Zn) levels were not altered after fish exposure to mercury(II) chloride. CONCLUSION The μ-EDXRF results were assessed along with the determination of some oxidative stress biomarkers (e.g. antioxidant enzymes) to understand the effects behind the Hg bioaccumulation and toxicity. These results suggest that the metabolic changes in zebrafish due to the exposure to Hg are consistent with oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta G Leitão
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria P Silva
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mario S Diniz
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry/Department of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mauro Guerra
- LIBPhys - UNL, Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics, Physics Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
De Marco G, Brandão F, Pereira P, Pacheco M, Cappello T. Organ-Specific Metabolome Deciphering Cell Pathways to Cope with Mercury in Wild Fish (Golden Grey Mullet Chelon auratus). Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:79. [PMID: 35011185 PMCID: PMC8749613 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful approach in evaluating the health status of organisms in ecotoxicological studies. However, metabolomics data reflect metabolic variations that are attributable to factors intrinsic to the environment and organism, and it is thus crucial to accurately evaluate the metabolome of the tissue/organ examined when it is exposed to no stressor. The metabolomes of the liver and gills of wild golden grey mullet (Chelon auratus) from a reference area were analyzed and compared by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics. Both organs were characterized by amino acids, carbohydrates, osmolytes, nucleosides and their derivatives, and miscellaneous metabolites. However, similarities and differences were revealed in their metabolite profile and related to organ-specific functions. Taurine was predominant in both organs due to its involvement in osmoregulation in gills, and detoxification and antioxidant protective processes in liver. Environmental exposure to mercury (Hg) triggered multiple and often differential metabolic alterations in fish organs. Disturbances in ion-osmoregulatory processes were highlighted in the gills, whereas differential impairments between fish organs were pointed out in energy-producing metabolic pathways, protein catabolism, membrane stabilization processes, and antioxidant defense system, reflecting the induction of organ-specific adaptive and defensive strategies. Overall, a strict correlation between metabolites and organ-specific functions of fish gills and liver were discerned in this study, as well as organ-specific cytotoxicity mechanisms of Hg in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amaral TF, Miyasaki FH, Braga ES, Azevedo JS. Temporal and spatial toxicogenetic damage in estuarine catfish Cathorops spixii from a marine protected area with evidence of anthropogenic influences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149409. [PMID: 34375871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Taking action to contribute to the preservation of the natural coastal environment, which maintains a diversity of life, is important in today's world. In estuarine ecosystems that are included in marine protected areas (MPA), it is important to conduct biomonitoring over time to monitor the effects of xenobiotics on bioindicator species such as the catfish Cathorops spixii. This study aims to evaluate the toxicogenetic signals in C. spixii from a MPA (Cananéia-Iguape region, Brazilian coast). These genotoxic signals are demonstrated by the presence of micronuclei (MN) and abnormalities in erythrocytes (AE). This study also takes into account the environmental differences signaled by the water's properties (temperature, salinity, pH, DO, dissolved nutrients, and particulate material) over time (2009, 2014, 2017, and 2018). The results show that in the northern region of the estuary, and mainly in 2009, the water properties reveal the influence of the river in the form of the lowest levels of salinity and pH and the highest levels of nutrients. The most significant levels of suspended particulate material and chlorophyll-a are found in the southern region of the estuary, mainly in 2017 and 2018. In general, the C. spixii from the northern region had better well-being than catfish from the more preserved (southern) region. The data on MN and AE show evidence of toxicogenetic damage occurring over time and clastogenic/aneugenic effects mainly in fish sampled in 2018. The presence of a new AE, first recorded in C. spixii sampled in 2018, and named here as double bubbled, is another indicator of toxicogenetic effects. Finally, although the southern region of the estuary has better abiotic properties and conditions for primary production, the obtained toxicogenetic data for C. spixii reinforces the need for - and encourages the implementation of - monitoring actions in this marine protected area using bioindicator species of contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T F Amaral
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil
| | - F H Miyasaki
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil
| | - E S Braga
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, 05508-120 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J S Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Nicolau street, 210, Centro, Diadema, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fanali LZ, Sturve J, de Oliveira C. Exposure of Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura) to benzo[a]pyrene and α-naphthoflavone: Morphofunctional effects on hepatic melanomacrophages and erythrocytes abnormalities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117526. [PMID: 34380224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a high-risk contaminant of elevated toxicity. Its biotransformation process occurs as the expression of CYP1A1 increases and produces toxic metabolites. In turn, α-naphthoflavone (aNF) represents an inhibitor of CYP1A1, preventing BaP metabolism. Toxicological studies in anurans show alterations in the melanomacrophage (MM) detoxification cell after exposure to xenobiotics. In this study, the production of melanin by MMs was evaluated, as were morphological alterations in the cytoskeleton, phagocytosis and the genotoxicity effects after exposure of an anuran species to BaP and aNF. Physalaemus cuvieri received subcutaneous injections of 2 mg/kg and/or 20 mg/kg aNF. For phagocytosis analyses, animals received an intraperitoneal injection with 0.4% trypan blue. The results revealed that melanin synthesis increased by 503.2% in animals exposed to BaP after 48 h, which was related to the antioxidant action of melanin, whereas the decreased in synthesis of 25.6% with the BaP + aNF interaction resulted in high toxicity to MMs and cell degeneration. The phagocytic activity reduced to 37.6% in animals exposed to BaP, characterizing a functional impairment; however, the BaP + aNF interaction led to the restoration of phagocytosis, reaching 419.23%. The decreased rate or absence of abnormalities may be explained by the fact that only the less damaged erythrocytes remained in the bloodstream, whereas the most damaged cells died. In conclusion, BaP and aNF are toxic to P. cuvieri, bringing risks to herpetofauna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Zácari Fanali
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Joachim Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg 405 30, Box 463, Sweden
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Norris SB, Reistad NA, Rumbold DG. Mercury in neonatal and juvenile blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus). Part II: Effects assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:311-322. [PMID: 33447940 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As apex predators, blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus) are highly susceptible to biomagnified mercury (Hg) particularly in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), which is known to contain fishes and invertebrates with elevated Hg levels. Blacktip sharks occur in the GOM year-round and are heavily fished both commercially and recreationally, but little is known about how Hg affects the species. In this study, blood, muscle, liver, and kidney samples were collected from neonatal (n = 57) and juvenile (n = 13) blacktip sharks in Charlotte Harbor, Florida. Hg concentrations in neonates and juveniles were found to be elevated in muscle (mean ± SE = 0.59 ± 0.23 mg kg-1), liver (0.39 ± 0.29 mg kg-1), kidney (0.56 ± 0.25 mg kg-1), and blood (0.059 ± 0.041 mg kg-1) compared to other local shark species and conspecifics from other areas. Blood plasma chemistry, hematology, and liver histology were evaluated to assess the relationship between Hg and tissue damage. Plasma chemistry parameters alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and phosphorus (PHOS) were not correlated with tissue Hg or liver condition index. Hematological effects were also not correlated with tissue Hg. However, melanomacrophage presence and lipid deposition, evaluated as part of histopathological analysis, were found to exhibit a statistically significant association with concentrations of Hg in tissue and ALT levels. These results suggest that Hg exposure potentially had a negative effect on the livers of the blacktip sharks evaluated in the present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Norris
- Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA.
| | - Nicole A Reistad
- Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA
| | - Darren G Rumbold
- Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Caliani I, Campani T, Conti B, Cosci F, Bedini S, D'Agostino A, Ammendola A, Di Noi A, Gori A, Casini S. Multi-biomarker approach and IBR index to evaluate the effects of different contaminants on the ecotoxicological status of Apis mellifera. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111486. [PMID: 33130481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The honeybee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a keystone pollinator of wild plant species and agricultural crops, is disappearing globally due to parasites and diseases, habitat loss, genetic constraints, beekeeper management issues and to the widespread use of pesticides. Besides insecticides, widely studied in this species, honeybees are also exposed to herbicides and fungicides and heavy metals whose lethal and sublethal effects need to be investigated. In this context, our study aimed to evaluate the effects of fungicides and of heavy metals on honeybees and to develop and apply a multi-biomarker approach that include an Integrated Biological Index (IBRv2) to assess the toxicological status of this species. Biomarkers of neurotoxicity (AChE and CaE), metabolic alteration (ALP, and GST) and immune system (LYS, granulocytes) were measured, following honeybees' exposure to cadmium or to a crop fungicide, using the genotoxic compound EMS as positive control. A biomarker of genotoxicity (NA assay) was developed and applied for the first time in honeybees. At the doses tested, all the contaminants showed sublethal toxicity to the bees, highlighting in particular genotoxic effects. The data collected were analyzed by an IBRv2 index, which integrated the seven biomarkers used in this study. IBRv2 index increased with increasing cadmium or fungicide concentrations. The IBRv2 represents a simple tool for a general description of honeybees ecotoxicological health status. Results highlight the need for more in-depth investigations on the effects of fungicides on non-target organisms, such as honeybees, using sensitive methods for the determination of sublethal effects. This study contributes to the development of a multi-biomarker approach to be used for a more accurate ecotoxicological environmental monitoring of these animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Campani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Barbara Conti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cosci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Bedini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Agostino
- Department of Management and Quantitative Studies, University of Naples "Parthenope", via Generale Parisi, 13, 80132 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Ammendola
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
D'Agostini F, La Maestra S. Micronuclei in Fish Erythrocytes as Genotoxic Biomarkers of Water Pollution: An Overview. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 258:195-240. [PMID: 34611757 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater and marine water bodies receive chemical contaminants from industrial, agricultural, urban, and domestic wastes. Eco-genotoxicity assays are useful tools to assess the cumulative genotoxicity of these pollutants. Fish are suitable indicators for biomonitoring of mutagenic and carcinogenic pollution.In this review, we present a complete overview of the studies performed so far using the micronucleus test in peripheral erythrocytes of fish exposed to polluted water. We have listed all the species of fish used and the geographical distribution of the investigations. We have analyzed and discussed all technical aspects of using this test in fish, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different experimental protocols. We have reported the results of all studies. This assay has become, for years, one of the simplest, fastest, and most cost-effective for assessing genotoxic risk in aquatic environments. However, there are still several factors influencing the variability of the results. Therefore, we have given indications and suggestions to achieve a standardization of experimental procedures and ensure uniformity of future investigations.
Collapse
|
14
|
Gonçalves VF, Ribeiro PVA, de Souza Oliveira CF, Pires LP, Baesse CQ, Paniago LPM, Toletino VCG, de Melo C. Effects of urban proximity and the occurrence of erythroplastids in Antilophia galeata. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44650-44655. [PMID: 32666446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution can generate changes in the morphology, physiology, and behavior of several animals, including birds, which, when responding to such environmental changes, can be used as biomonitors. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of erythrocyte nuclear anomalies comprise a useful tool for biomonitoring, with anucleated erythrocytes, called erythroplastids, being particularly significant. The objectives of the present study were to quantify the presence of erythroplastids in Antilophia galeata and relate their presence to distance from the nearest urban environment. Blood smears were analyzed for 80 individuals of A. galeata captured between June 2013 and October 2018 in five Cerrado forest fragments of different sizes and with different influences from urbanization. The quantity of erythroplastids differed among areas, with it being greater in fragments within a proximity with urban, and less in highly preserved areas far from an urban environment. Quantification of erythroplastids in A. galeata proved to be a useful tool for monitoring air quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Fonseca Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Vitor Alves Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Caroliny Ferreira de Souza Oliveira
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luís Paulo Pires
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Camilla Queiroz Baesse
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luís Pedro Mendes Paniago
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Vitor Carneiro Guimarães Toletino
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Celine de Melo
- Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Federal University of de Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Braga AC, Pereira V, Marçal R, Marques A, Guilherme S, Costa PR, Pacheco M. DNA damage and oxidative stress responses of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis to paralytic shellfish toxins under warming and acidification conditions - Elucidation on the organ-specificity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105619. [PMID: 32937230 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Commonly affected by changes in climate and environmental conditions, coastal areas are very dynamic environments where shellfish play an important ecological role. In this study, the oxidative stress and genotoxic responses of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to paralytic shellfish toxin (PST) - producing dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum were evaluated under i) current conditions (CC: 19 °C; pH 8.0), ii) warming (W: 24 °C; pH 8.0), iii) acidification (A:19 °C; pH 7.6) and iv) combined effect of warming and acidification (WA: 24 °C; pH 7.6). Mussels were fed with G. catenatum for 5 days, and to a non-toxic diet during the following 10 days. A battery of oxidative stress biomarkers and comet assay was performed at the peak of toxin accumulation and at the end of the post-exposure phase. Under CC, gills and hepatopancreas displayed different responses/vulnerabilities and mechanisms to cope with PST. While gills presented a tendency for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and genetic damage (expressed by the Genetic Damage Indicator - GDI), hepatopancreas seems to better cope with the toxins, as no LPO was observed. However, the mechanisms involved in hepatopancreas protection were not enough to maintain DNA integrity. The absence of LPO, and the antioxidant system low responsiveness, suggests DNA damage was not oxidative. When exposed to toxic algae under W, toxin-modulated antioxidant responses were observed in both gills and hepatopancreas. Simultaneous exposure to the stressors highlighted gills susceptibility with a synergistic interaction increasing DNA damage. Exposure to toxic algae under A led to genotoxicity potentiation in both organs. The combined effect of WA did not cause relevant interactions in gills antioxidant responses, but stressors interactions impacted LPO and GDI. Antioxidant responses and LPO pointed out to be modulated by the environmental conditions in hepatopancreas, while GDI results support the dominance of toxin-triggered process. Overall, these results reveal that simultaneous exposure to warming, acidification and PSTs impairs mussel DNA integrity, compromising the genetic information due to the synergetic effects. Finally, this study highlights the increasing ecological risk of harmful algal blooms to Mytilus galloprovinciallis populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Braga
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Vitória Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Marçal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro R Costa
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Handa K, Jindal R. Genotoxicity induced by hexavalent chromium leading to eryptosis in Ctenopharyngodon idellus. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125967. [PMID: 32069732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of eryptosis as a result of genotoxic action of Cr(VI), seen through micronucleus and comet assay in the peripheral erythrocytes of Ctenopharyngodon idellus was evaluated through RT-qPCR. For this, fish was exposed to sublethal concentration of hexavalent chromium (5.30 and 10.63 mg/L), and the blood was sampled on different endpoints (15, 30 and 45 days). Accumulation of chromium in the erythrocytes was also studied, which depicted a significant increase in toxicant concentration and time dependent manner. Both concentrations of hexavalent chromium induced DNA damage, visible in the form of comet tails. The presence of micronuclei in the erythrocytes was accompanied with occurrence of nuclear bud (NBu), lobed nucleus (Lb), notched nucleus (Nt), vacuolated nucleus (Vn), binucleated cell (Bn) as nuclear abnormalities; and acanthocytes (Ac), echinocytes (Ec), notched cells (Nc), microcytes (Mc) and vacuolated cytoplasm (Vc) as cytoplasmic abnormalities. The expression of genes related to intrinsic apoptotic pathway induced by Cr(VI) presented significant (p < 0.05) upregulation in the expression of p53, Bax, Apaf-1, caspase9 and caspase3, and downregulation of Bcl2; inferring the initiation of apoptotic pathway. The ration of Bax and Bcl2 also appended the apoptotic state of the erythrocytes. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that genotoxicity induced by hexavalent chromium lead to eryptosis in C. idellus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Handa
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tsarpali V, Kassara C, Barboutis C, Papadimitraki M, Kloukinioti M, Giokas S, Dailianis S. Assessing the seasonal and intrinsic variability of neurotoxic and cyto-genotoxic biomarkers in blood of free-living Eleonoras' falcons. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:135101. [PMID: 32000341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated seasonal and intrinsic variability of neurotoxic and cyto-genotoxic biomarkers in blood plasma and erythrocytes of free-living Eleonoras' falcons, captured during the pre-breeding (May of 2017 and 2018) and breeding period (September of 2017) on the Antikythira Island (Greece). Specifically, blood samples of captured birds were prepared for the determination of cholinesterase (ChEs, i.e. acetylcholinesterase/AChE and butyrylcholinesterase/ BChE) activity, as well as the formation of nuclear (i.e. the formation of micronuclei into the cells/MN, binucleated cells/BN and others), and cellular/cytoplasmic (i.e. echinocytes/EC, acanthocytes/AC and notched cells/NC) abnormalities in blood plasma and erythrocytes, respectively. Our results indicated that birds sampled in late May had higher ChE and BChE activity levels, as well as higher frequency of total nuclear abnormalities. The latter were also higher in second calendar year (2cy) birds. Cellular/cytoplasmic abnormalities were less frequent in falcons having better body condition, sampled in late May, as well as in light-morph falcons. The observed ChEs activities, as well as nuclear and cellular/cytoplasmic abnormalities revealed that Eleonora's falcons are likely to be exposed to chemical agents with neurotoxic and cyto-genotoxic potential year round, while different aspects of their biology and ecology, such as their reproductive and nutritional status, could mediate their levels. Although we encourage more sampling campaigns to verify the identified seasonal and intrinsic sources of variation in biomarkers tested, the current study enriches the existing knowledge about their usefulness in the environmental monitoring and risk assessment of migratory birds, like Eleonoras' falcon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Tsarpali
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Kassara
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Barboutis
- Antikythira Bird Observatory, Hellenic Ornithological Society/BirdLife Greece, Themistokleous str. 80, GR-10681 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Papadimitraki
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Kloukinioti
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Sinos Giokas
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, Section of Animal Biology, University of Patras, GR-26500 Patras, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu YC, Tang Y, Chen ZQ, Chen JY, Ding GH. Evaluation of the sensitivity of Microhyla fissipes tadpoles to aqueous cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:1150-1159. [PMID: 31620949 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure is harmful to amphibians in natural environments and the Cd concentration is a key parameter in water monitoring. Cd pollution has been a severe issue in the Yangtze River and its southern reaches in recent years. Acute toxicity assays were employed to determine the tolerance limits of Cd for Microhyla fissipes tadpoles and five different concentrations of Cd (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μg/L) were involved to detect its chronic effects on metamorphosis, growth, locomotion, genotoxicity and enzymatic activities of M. fissipes tadpoles. The results showed that the 24-h and 48-h LC50 values of Cd on M. fissipes tadpoles were 2591.3 μg/L and 1567.9 μg/L, respectively, and the presumable non-lethal concentration obtained was 172.2 μg/L. During the 70-day chronic toxicity assays, Cd showed negative impacts on survival, growth, metamorphosis and the frequency of erythrocytes nuclear abnormality of M. fissipes tadpoles. However, the Cd exposure caused the increased body size and condition of tadpoles at complete metamorphosis (GS46). The tadpoles exposed to 200 μg/L of Cd exhibited degraded locomotor performance at GS46. Weight increments of tadpoles were inhibited at Day 14 and massive deaths were observed over the next 14 days. The enzymatic activities of tadpoles experienced a shock response stage (GS30-GS35) and a complete recovery stage (GS36-GS41) in all treatments. However, the enzymatic activities (except alkaline phosphatase) of tadpoles at GS46 increased after Cd exposure, especially at high concentrations. In summary, Cd is a threat to M. fissipes tadpoles as that causes reduced fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chao Hu
- ADI, College of Ecology, Lishui University, 323000, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Tang
- ADI, College of Ecology, Lishui University, 323000, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- ADI, College of Ecology, Lishui University, 323000, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- ADI, College of Ecology, Lishui University, 323000, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Ding
- ADI, College of Ecology, Lishui University, 323000, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guilherme S, Crespo R, Azevedo D, Marques A, Santos MA, Serradeiro R, Pacheco M. DNA and chromosomal damage in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) as side effects of ozone-based water treatment - Contribution to optimization of fish-farming practices. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 219:68-76. [PMID: 30771494 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The progressive growth of aquaculture implicates a dependence on large water amounts, which are submitted to disinfection processes, namely ozonation. Considering the importance of genomic integrity, it is critical to improve the knowledge on ozone-related genotoxic hazard to organisms reared in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) applying ozonation. Therefore, genetic damage induced by ozone exposure in the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) was assessed, combining the comet and the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) assays, reflecting different damage levels, i.e. DNA and chromosomal damage, respectively. Fish were subjected to a daily 6-h ozone (0.15 mg L-1) exposure, repeated for 3 consecutive days, simulating a short-term event of overozonation. To assess the temporal impact of the previous event, the progression of damage was evaluated 7 days later, following transference to ozone-free water or to 0.07 mg L-1 ozone, a routinely adopted level in RAS. Both endpoints pointed to the ozone genotoxic potential, displaying DNA oxidation as a possible mechanism of damage. Overall, the present findings pointed out the genotoxic hazard of ozone to fish, highlighting the importance of these types of studies and contributing to improve aquaculture practices, namely in RAS systems. These early genotoxic signals may be a prelude to negative repercussions on fish health, which may affect the aquaculture productivity. The present findings recommend precautions in relation to accidental or intentional overozonation in fish-farming, even when short-term events are considered. The strategies to mitigate the impact of ozonation in S. senegalensis may include a dietary extra supplementation of antioxidants (regularly, or punctually in cases of overozonation).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - R Crespo
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D Azevedo
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Marques
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R Serradeiro
- Riasearch, Rua do Farol, N° 131, Torrão do Lameiro, 3880-394 Ovar, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Baudou FG, Ossana NA, Castañé PM, Mastrángelo MM, González Núñez AA, Palacio MJ, Ferrari L. Use of integrated biomarker indexes for assessing the impact of receiving waters on a native neotropical teleost fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1779-1786. [PMID: 30278422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the field of aquatic ecotoxicology, indexes obtained from a battery of biomarkers have proved to be a useful tool for assessing quantifiable and integrated health responses of organisms exposed to pollutants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of exposure to the Reconquista River water (RR) on adults of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus using different integrated indexes. We conducted a 12-d laboratory assay involving the exposure of fish to RR, a negative control (moderately hard water - MHW medium), and a positive control (for genotoxicity with MHW + Cyclophosphamide, CP). There were measured metabolic (food intake and specific assimilation, specific metabolic rate, oxygen extraction efficiency, ammonia excretion, and ammonia quotient), genotoxic (comet assay, micronucleus test, and nuclear abnormalities), morphological variables (total length, body and liver weight) and biochemical variables (Electron Transport System - ETS, Acetylcholinesterase activity - AChE, Catalase - CAT, Glutathione-S-transferase - GST, Glutathione content - GSH and tissue proteins). These variables were grouped into different indexes: morphological (Condition Factor - K and Liver Somatic Index-LSI), metabolic (Scope for Growth-SFG), genetic damage (GDI) and integrated biomarker response - IBR (AChE brain, CAT, GST and GSH liver, GSH gills, ETS muscle) indexes. Results indicated that RR water induced metabolic, biochemical and genetic damages. The SFG, GDI and IBR were suitable to assess the effects of exposure to an environmental sample in an integrated approach, reducing uncertainty due to inherent biomarker variability. These indexes have emerged as promising tools for environmental monitoring studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico G Baudou
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Natalia A Ossana
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Patricia M Castañé
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Martina M Mastrángelo
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Ayelen A González Núñez
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Mauro J Palacio
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - Lucrecia Ferrari
- Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA-INEDES-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Lujan (UNLu), PO Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pollo FE, Grenat PR, Otero MA, Babini S, Salas NE, Martino AL. Evaluation in situ of genotoxic and cytotoxic response in the diploid/polyploid complex Odontophrynus (Anura: Odontophrynidae) inhabiting agroecosystems. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:306-312. [PMID: 30384299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidization has been documented across a wide range of vertebrates. Gene duplication could promote better adaptation to environmental changes and to chronic injury or stress. We investigated if genotoxic and cytotoxic responses to agricultural impact are affected by ploidy. We evaluate syntopic populations of the cryptic diploid/polyploid complex Odontophrynus cordobae/O. americanus breeding in an agroecosystem from Central Argentina. The blood of 72 adult anurans was analysed. We used erythrometry to distinguish Odontophrynus individuals with different ploidy levels. We calculated micronucleus frequencies (Mn) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) as genotoxic effects and enucleated, mitotic, pyknotic and immature erythrocytes as cytotoxic endpoints (CYT). Mn, ENAs and CYT frequencies were significantly different between diploid and polyploid organisms. The higher frequencies of Mn and CYT were recorded in polyploid organisms, and the higher frequency of ENAs was recorded in diploids. These results indicate that stress response, as indicated by most genotoxic and cytotoxic endpoints, was higher in polyploids respect to diploids. Polyploidy could provide greater genetic flexibility increasing buffering against exogenous DNA-damaging agents and thus confer an advantage over diploids under certain environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Favio E Pollo
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Pablo R Grenat
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Manuel A Otero
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Selene Babini
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Nancy E Salas
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adolfo L Martino
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
BRAGA ELISABETES, AZEVEDO JULIANAS, KUNIYOSHI LEONARDO, FÁVARO DÉBORAHI. Zn, Co, Cr, As, and genotoxic effects in the ichthyofauna species from polluted and non-polluted/protected estuaries of the São Paulo coast, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920190066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
23
|
Castro D, Mieiro CL, Coelho JP, Guilherme S, Marques A, Santos MA, Duarte AC, Pereira E, Pacheco M. Addressing the impact of mercury estuarine contamination in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L., 1758) - An early diagnosis in glass eel stage based on erythrocytic nuclear morphology. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:733-742. [PMID: 29475718 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The decline of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L., 1758) population throughout Europe has been partially attributed to pollution. As glass eel estuarine migration may represent a considerable threat, the impact of mercury (Hg) contamination at this stage was evaluated through an in situ experiment (7days). Total Hg (tHg) bioaccumulation was evaluated concomitantly with erythrocytic nuclear morphology alterations: erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities assay (ENA), frequency of immature erythrocytes (IE) and the erythrocytic maturity index (EMI). The ENA results suggested a genotoxic pressure at the most contaminated sites, in line with the tHg increase. The EMI data, together with IE frequency, showed that fish exposed to high levels of Hg exhibited alterations of haematological dynamics, translated into an erythropoiesis increment. Despite the presence of these compensatory mechanisms, the present findings suggest a harmful impact of Hg on genome integrity at this early development stage, potentially affecting eels' condition and ultimately the population sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Castro
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C L Mieiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - J P Coelho
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua das Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - S Guilherme
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Marques
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Santos
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A C Duarte
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - E Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Erythrocytes as a biological model for screening of xenobiotics toxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 279:73-83. [PMID: 29128605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes are the main cells in circulation. They are devoid of internal membrane structures and easy to be isolated and handled providing a good model for different assays. Red blood cells (RBCs) plasma membrane is a multi-component structure that keeps the cell morphology, elasticity, flexibility and deformability. Alteration of membrane structure upon exposure to xenobiotics could induce various cellular abnormalities and releasing of intracellular components. Therefore the morphological changes and extracellular release of haemoglobin [hemolysis] and increased content of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [as signs of membrane stability] could be used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of various molecules. The nucleated RBCs from birds, fish and amphibians can be used to evaluate genotoxicity of different xenobiotics using comet, DNA fragmentation and micronucleus assays. The RBCs could undergo programmed cell death (eryptosis) in response to injury providing a useful model to analyze some mechanisms of toxicity that could be implicated in apoptosis of nucleated cells. Erythrocytes are vulnerable to peroxidation making it a good biological membrane model for analyzing the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of various xenobiotics. The RBCs contain a large number of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The changes of the RBCs antioxidant capacity could reflect the capability of xenobiotics to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in oxidative damage of tissue. These criteria make RBCs a valuable in vitro model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of different natural or synthetic and organic or inorganic molecules by cellular damage measures.
Collapse
|
25
|
Barreto A, Luis L, Soares A, Paíga P, Santos L, Delerue-Matos C, Hylland K, Loureiro S, Oliveira M. Genotoxicity of gemfibrozil in the gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ). MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 821:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
26
|
Santos CSA, Brandão R, Monteiro MS, Bastos AC, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Assessment of DNA damage in Ardea cinerea and Ciconia ciconia: A 5-year study in Portuguese birds retrieved for rehabilitation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 136:104-110. [PMID: 27833047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the presence of micronucleated blood cells has been used to detect genotoxic effects of xenobiotics in fish, amphibians and birds. This study assessed the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of individuals of Ardea cinerea and Ciconia ciconia retrieved for rehabilitation in order to evaluate the influence of age, temporal and spatial factors on the occurrence of DNA damage in Portuguese wild birds. Blood smears from 65 birds with different life-history backgrounds (e.g. geographic origin, age) were collected between 2007 and 2011 and the frequency of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) was analysed. Differences in DNA damage between ages were observed to occur in C. ciconia, with chicks displaying significantly higher frequencies of ENAs (both when looking at total ENAs or only MN frequency) than juveniles and adults. Additionally, significant differences in ENAs frequencies were observed between different years and geographic origins, whereas MN frequency alone did not show significant alterations concerning spatial and temporal variations. These results suggest that the assessment of ENAs rather than MN frequency alone may be a useful and valuable tool to complement the evaluation of DNA damage in populations of birds, as prompted by individual life-history traits and environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia S A Santos
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ricardo Brandão
- CERVAS -Centre of Ecology, Rehabilitation and Vigilance of Wildlife, Gouveia, Portugal
| | - Marta S Monteiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana C Bastos
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ossana NA, Eissa BL, Baudou FG, Castañé PM, Soloneski S, Ferrari L. Multibiomarker response in ten spotted live-bearer fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842) exposed to Reconquista river water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:73-81. [PMID: 27414258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to assess the water quality to chemical pollution at Roggero Dam, the headwater of the Reconquista river, and to perform a Cadmium (Cd) contamination pulse simulation through a wide battery of biomarkers which included: genotoxicity and enzymatic biomarker parameters on a neotropical teleost fish namely Cnesterodon decemmaculatus. Water samples were taken in order to determine the river's physicochemical profile. An integrative approach was applied using a biomarker index. The bioassay involved the use of laboratory culture adult animals, acclimatized in moderately hard water (MHW) and fed ad libitum. A semi-static 96h bioassay was conducted and the experimental groups were as follows: [1] river water (Rg); [2] river water + 2mg/L Cd (RgCd); [3] MHW + 2mg/L Cadmium (Cd), positive metal control; [4] MHW + 5mg/L Cyclophosphamide (positive genotoxicity control -CP); [5] MWH, negative control (NC). At the end of the exposure time fishes were sectioned and the following biomarkers were determined: 1) condition factor rate (CF); 2) for the anterior section (A) (head): glutathione (GSH) and protein (Pr) content; 3) for the body midsection (M) (viscera): Pr, GSH, Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Blood samples were also taken from the fish specimens to estimate the frequency of micronuclei (MN) as well as other nuclear abnormalities (NA). The physicochemical profile of the river water sample indicated high Copper concentrations. CAT and SOD activity and total Pr content did not show any significant changes. GST activity decreased in fish exposed to Rg, while GSH content decreased significantly for all treatments compared to controls in MHW. These results would seem to point to a reduction in cell defense capability as a result of the depletion antioxidants such as GSH. The NA frequency increased significantly in all treated groups while MN frequency was increased only in Cd and CP groups. Using some the biomarkers measured, a biomarker index was estimated which revealed that fish exposed to Rg were 90% affected or highly affected, while those exposed to RgCd were 80% and Cd 68% affected or highly affected. The obtained results indicate the usefulness of the use of a battery of variables by means of the biomarker index to analyze water quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Ossana
- Department of Basic Sciences and Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (PRODEA-INEDES), National University of Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - B L Eissa
- Department of Basic Sciences and Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (PRODEA-INEDES), National University of Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - F G Baudou
- Department of Basic Sciences and Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (PRODEA-INEDES), National University of Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; ANPCyT, Argentina
| | - P M Castañé
- Department of Basic Sciences and Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (PRODEA-INEDES), National University of Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina
| | - S Soloneski
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Natural Sciences and Museum, National University of La Plata-UNLP, Argentina
| | - L Ferrari
- Department of Basic Sciences and Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (PRODEA-INEDES), National University of Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina; Scientific Research Commission (CIC)-La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pollo FE, Grenat PR, Otero MA, Salas NE, Martino AL. Assessment in situ of genotoxicity in tadpoles and adults of frog Hypsiboas cordobae (Barrio 1965) inhabiting aquatic ecosystems associated to fluorite mine. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 133:466-474. [PMID: 27522316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-lethal biological techniques such as blood biomarkers have gained attention due to their value as early signals of anthropic effects of contamination representing significant tools to evaluate ecosystems health. We evaluate and characterize in situ genotoxicity of water samples collected from aquatic ecosystems around a fluorite mine using amphibian frogs Hypsiboas cordobae as bioindicator species complemented with 16 physicochemical parameters. Four stations associated with fluorite mine sampling were sampled: a stream running on granitic rock with natural high fluorite content; two streams both running on metamorphic rock with low fluorite content; and an artificial decantation pond containing sediments produced by fluorite flotation process with high variation in physicochemical parameters. We analyses the blood of tadpoles and adults of H. Cordobae, calculated frequencies of micronuclei, erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, mitosis, immature and enucleated erythrocytes. Individuals were measured and weighed and body condition was calculated. The results of this study indicate that individuals of decantation pond are exposed to compounds or mixtures which are causing cell damage when compared to those that were collected of stream. Larval stage was more vulnerable than the adult phase and it could be related mainly to the higher exposure time to xenobiotics, which can penetrate easily by skin, mouth and gills; additionally this site offers a reduced availability of food than other sites. Therefore, chronic exposure to pollutants could derive in degenerative and neoplastic diseases in target organs. Moreover these individuals may experience reproductive and behavioral disturbances which could lead to population decline in the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Favio E Pollo
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Pablo R Grenat
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Manuel A Otero
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Nancy E Salas
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adolfo L Martino
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fenstad AA, Bustnes JO, Bingham CG, Öst M, Jaatinen K, Moe B, Hanssen SA, Moody AJ, Gabrielsen KM, Herzke D, Lierhagen S, Jenssen BM, Krøkje Å. DNA double-strand breaks in incubating female common eiders (Somateria mollissima): Comparison between a low and a high polluted area. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:297-303. [PMID: 27517757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the genetic material may have severe consequences for individuals and populations. Hence, genotoxic effects of environmental exposure to pollutants are of great concern. We assessed the impact of blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury (Hg) on DNA double-strand break (DSB) frequency, in blood cells of a high-exposed Baltic, and lower exposed Arctic population of common eiders (Somateria mollissima). Furthermore, we examined whether the genotoxic response was influenced by antioxidant concentration (plasma total glutathione (tGSH) and total antioxidant capacity) and female body mass. The DNA DSB frequency did not differ between the two populations. We found significant positive relationships between Hg and DNA DSB frequency in Baltic, but not in Arctic eiders. Although both p,p'-DDE and PCB 118 had a lesser effect than Hg, they exhibited a positive association with DNA DSB frequency in Baltic eiders. Antioxidant levels were not important for the genotoxic effect, suggesting alternative mechanisms other than GSH depletion for the relationship between Hg and DNA DSBs. Hence, the Baltic population, which is considered to be endangered and is under the influence of several environmental stressors, may be more susceptible to genotoxic effects of environmental exposure to Hg than the Arctic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anette A Fenstad
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jan O Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Framsenteret, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christopher G Bingham
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Markus Öst
- Environmental and Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademy University, Turku, Finland; Novia University of Applied Science (NOVIA), Coastal Zone Research Team, Ekenäs, Finland
| | - Kim Jaatinen
- Novia University of Applied Science (NOVIA), Coastal Zone Research Team, Ekenäs, Finland
| | | | - Sveinn A Hanssen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Framsenteret, Tromsø, Norway
| | - A John Moody
- Plymouth University, School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth, UK
| | - Kristin M Gabrielsen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dorte Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Framsenteret, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Bjørn M Jenssen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åse Krøkje
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Biology, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
García-Seoane E, Coelho JP, Mieiro C, Dolbeth M, Ereira T, Rebelo JE, Pereira E. Effect of historical contamination in the fish community structure of a recovering temperate coastal lagoon. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 111:221-230. [PMID: 27423444 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of trace element concentrations in fish assemblages of a recovering coastal lagoon. Fish, water and sediment were sampled in winter and summer in the Ria de Aveiro (Portugal). Multivariate analyses were used to examine the relationship between fish assemblages and environmental variables (physical-chemical parameters, contaminants and sediment grain size). In winter, fish density and biomass were mainly affected by the water turbidity, while Li concentration in the water column was found to be significant for fish biomass. During summer, a significant relationship was found between fish density and temperature, Hg, Li and Zn concentration in the sediment. These contaminants were mainly associated with the historically contaminated area, were Liza spp. and Dicentrarchus labrax appeared as dominant species. Environmental variables were not significant for fish biomass. The historical contamination in the Ria de Aveiro still seems to exert some influence on fish community structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva García-Seoane
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João Pedro Coelho
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua das Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Apartado 3046, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marina Dolbeth
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Apartado 3046, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Ereira
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Rebelo
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Marques A, Rego A, Guilherme S, Gaivão I, Santos MA, Pacheco M. Evidences of DNA and chromosomal damage induced by the mancozeb-based fungicide Mancozan ® in fish (Anguilla anguilla L.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 133:52-58. [PMID: 27742361 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The formulation Mancozan®, containing mancozeb as active ingredient, is among the most widely used fungicides. Although mancozeb has been detected in surface waters, studies addressing the genotoxic risk to fish arising from the use of this formulation, testing environmentally realistic concentrations, are absent from the literature. Hence, this work aimed to investigate the DNA and chromosome damaging potential of Mancozan® (0.29 and 2.9μgL-1) in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.), after a short-term exposure (3days), through the adoption of the comet and the erythrocytic nuclear abnormality (ENA) assays. In addition, it was intended to elucidate the subjacent damage mechanisms, improving the comet assay with the adoption of the endonucleases formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG) and endonuclease III (EndoIII), which detect oxidized bases. The highest Mancozan® concentration was able to affect the DNA integrity (comet assay), while the adoption of endonucleases pointed out an oxidative cause to the damage. Regarding the chromosomal damage (ENA assay), both concentrations displayed significant effects, revealing the clastogenic and/or aneugenic properties of Mancozan®. Furthermore, the two genotoxic endpoints were significantly correlated. Overall, the results revealed a genetic hazard to fish inhabiting aquatic systems contaminated by Mancozan® and strongly recommend the development of biomonitoring and regulatory policies regarding the utilization of this agrochemical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marques
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Rego
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology and CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Ana Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nunes B, Vidal D, Barbosa I, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Pollution effects on biochemical pathways determined in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor collected in three Portuguese estuaries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:1208-1219. [PMID: 27499386 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00297h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring is an important tool for the assessment of the quality and functions of ecosystems, providing information about the pollutants present and the direct effects that they exert on organisms. Biomonitoring relies upon the quantification of variables that can be biochemical, genetic, morphological and physiological changes. Such variables are designated as biomarkers, and multiple biomarkers are usually determined simultaneously in order to have a more integrated analysis and information about sublethal early effects of contaminants. In this work, we quantified biomarkers, associated with oxidative stress (glutathione-S-transferases GSTs, and catalase CAT, activities; levels of peroxidative alterations, by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay, TBARS) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase activity, AChE) in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor. Organisms were collected at three distinct estuaries, Ria de Aveiro (Laranjo and São Jacinto), Douro River (São Paio, Afurada, and Ribeira da Granja), both impacted by human activities, and Minho River (Seixas), which has been used as a reference site. Obtained data showed the occurrence of anti-oxidant responses, in most samples from contaminated sites, which was not followed however by the occurrence of oxidative damage in organisms from Ria de Aveiro. None of the analyzed organisms had significant impairment of cholinesterasic activity, suggesting the absence of a prior exposure to neurotoxic compounds. In fact, organisms collected at Ria de Aveiro had largely increased AChE activity, suggesting an uncommon paradoxical biological response that is further discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Babini MS, Bionda CDL, Salas NE, Martino AL. Adverse effect of agroecosystem pond water on biological endpoints of common toad (Rhinella arenarum) tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:459. [PMID: 27395360 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical prroducts used in farming and wastes from livestock can contaminate pond water in agroecosystems due to runoff. Amphibians using these ponds for breeding are probably exposed to pollutants, and serious consequences might be observed afterward at the population level. Assessment biological endpoints of anuran to water quality give a realistic estimate of the probability of occurrence of adverse effects and provide an early warning signal. In this study, the ecotoxicity of agroecosystem ponds from the south of Córdoba province, Argentina, was investigated. Ponds in four sites with different degrees of human disturbance were selected: three agroecosystems (A1, A2, A3) and a site without crops or livestock (SM). The effect of pond water quality on the biological endpoint of Rhinella arenarum tadpoles was examined using microcosms with pond water from sites. Biological endpoints assessed were as follows: mortality, growth, development, morphological abnormalities (in body shape, gut, and labial tooth row formula), behavior, and blood cell parameters (micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities). Results indicated that water from agroecosystems has adverse effect on early life stage of R. arenarum. High mortality and fewer metamorphs were recorded in the A1 and A3 treatments. Tadpoles and metamorphs from A1 and A2 treatments had lower body condition. Tadpoles from A1 and A3 showed the highest prevalence of morphological abnormalities. The lowest amount of tadpoles feeding and the highest percentage of tadpoles swimming on the surface were observed in treatments with agroecosystem pond water. The higher frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities were recorded in tadpoles from A1, A2, and A3 treatments. We check the sensitivity of the biological endpoints of R. arenarum tadpoles like early warning indicators of water quality. We found that the poor water quality of agroecosystem ponds has impact on the health of the tadpoles, and this could affect the persistence of populations. We recommend implementation of management actions before the harmful effects of agroecosystem pond water on early life stage of anuran become evident in higher ecological levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Selene Babini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional No. 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Clarisa de Lourdes Bionda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional No. 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nancy Edith Salas
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional No. 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adolfo Ludovico Martino
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional No. 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bessa ML, Antunes SC, Pereira R, Gonçalves FJM, Nunes B. Multibiomarker toxicity characterization of uranium mine drainages to the fish Carassius auratus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:13355-13367. [PMID: 27023822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The release of acidic effluents, naturally enriched in metals and radionuclides, is the main legacy of uranium mines. Generally, metals dissolved by these acidic effluents can cause significant alterations in exposed organisms, with distinct toxicological outcomes. In this study, 72 individuals of the freshwater fish species Carassius auratus were exposed in situ for different periods (8, 16, 24, and 48 h) to water from a pond (treatment pond (TP)) with a chemically treated effluent and a reference pond (PRP), in the vicinity of the Cunha Baixa uranium mine (Portugal). Comparing the water of the two ponds, the PRP pond was characterized by higher pH and oxygen values and lower conductivity and hardness values. Regarding total metal concentrations, among others, magnesium (56,000 μg/L), sodium (17,400 μg/L), zinc (86 μg/L), manganese (6340 μg/L), and uranium (1380 μg/L) concentrations in the TP pond were above the values obtained for the PRP pond. The values of manganese and uranium exceeded the values of quality criteria established for surface waters for cyprinids and for irrigation purposes. After exposure to pond water, significant differences were recorded for several biomarkers: (i) between ponds for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with higher activities for animals from the PRP and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities that were particularly enhanced in animals from the TP pond; (ii) between ponds and exposure periods for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, since organisms from PRP pond presented always higher values than those from the TP pond, and among these, organisms exposed for the longer period presented a further depression in LDH activity; and (iii) between exposure periods for erythrocyte micronucleus. GSTs and LDH were the most sensitive biomarkers within the timeframe of the in situ assay performed. Despite the alleged efficacy of the chemical treatment (evidenced by a significantly lower pH), some metals persisted in the treated effluent (TP pond), potentially contributing to the induction of oxidative stress or increased conjugation metabolic activity in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Bessa
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/no., 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/no., 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - F J M Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - B Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pereira R, Guilherme S, Brandão F, Raimundo J, Santos MA, Pacheco M, Pereira P. Insights into neurosensory toxicity of mercury in fish eyes stemming from tissue burdens, oxidative stress and synaptic transmission profiles. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 113:70-79. [PMID: 26610197 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to contribute to fill a knowledge gap related with Hg effects in fish eyes. As a pioneering strategy, Hg bioaccumulation in eye wall of the wild grey mullet (Liza aurata) was assessed, together with oxidative stress and synaptic transmission profiles. This approach was complemented by the characterisation of environmental contamination (both in water and sediment). Sampling was conducted in winter and summer in two sites of a Portuguese coastal lagoon (Aveiro lagoon): Largo do Laranjo (LAR) - located in an Hg contaminated/confined area; São Jacinto (SJ) - closer to the lagoon inlet and selected as reference site. Levels of total Hg (tHg), inorganic Hg (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in eye wall were higher at LAR than SJ, both in winter and summer, reflecting the environmental contamination patterns. Moreover, fish caught at LAR in winter showed a significant decrease of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, in line with the occurrence of peroxidative damage. A different spatial pattern was recorded in summer, being characterised by the increment of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities at LAR, as well as total glutathione content, preventing the occurrence of lipid peroxidation. Also in summer, a significant decrease of acetylcholinesterase activity was recorded in fish eyes at LAR, pointed out Hg as an anticholinergic agent. Besides Hg, water salinity had probably an indirect effect on spatial and winter-summer variation patterns of AChE. Current data pointed out that Hg (in iHg and MeHg forms) could exert ocular toxicity both by the promotion of oxidative stress and by the interference with neurotransmission processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pereira
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Ana Santos
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- Biology Department and CESAM, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Anbumani S, Mohankumar MN. Nucleoplasmic bridges and tailed nuclei are signatures of radiation exposure in Oreochromis mossambicus using erythrocyte micronucleus cytome assay (EMNCA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:18425-18436. [PMID: 26263884 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gamma radiation-induced genetic perturbations in aquatic vertebrates is largely unknown at low-dose rate, especially in the wake of a nuclear disaster and/or other environmental outbreaks. Freshwater fish, Oreochromis mossambicus subjected to low-dose rate (2 mGy/min) at 2.5-, 5-, and 10-Gy doses, were analyzed for "exposure signatures" in blood samples drawn on days 3, 6, 12, 18, and 30, respectively. Significant dose-dependent increments in micronuclei frequency and other anomalies such as nucleoplasmic bridges and tailed nuclei were observed and exhibit a strong positive correlation, suggesting that they could be used as prospective signatures of radiation exposure. Similarly increased incidence of apoptosis and DNA repair machinery circuits at high and low doses were noted. This work highlighted "cytogenetic signatures" in fish and the sensitivity of these endpoints toward low-dose rate of radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Anbumani
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India, 603102.
- Ecotoxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Govt. of India, M.G.Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India.
| | - Mary N Mohankumar
- Ecotoxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IITR), Govt. of India, M.G.Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India.
- , 40, D.J.Nagar, B.R.Puram, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, 641004, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fortes Carvalho Neta RN, Pinheiro Sousa DB, de Macêdo Sobrinho IC, Yarbrough Horton E, da Silva de Almeida Z, Tchaicka L, de Sousa AL. Genotoxic and hematological parameters in Colossoma macropomum (Pisces, Serrasalmidae) as biomarkers for environmental impact assessment in a protected area in northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:15994-16003. [PMID: 26062456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic and hematological parameters in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a native freshwater fish, were used as biomarkers to assess exposure to environmental stressors within the Maracanã Protected Area of Maranhão State, Brazil. Fish were sampled at two sites-Serena Lagoon (control) and Ambude River-on four occasions (dry and rainy season), and biometric data (length and weight) recorded and blood collected from all fish for analysis. Erythrocyte indices-mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-were calculated. Blood samples were stained with Giemsa and acridine orange, and microscopically examined for micronuclei and morphological nuclear abnormalities. Micronuclei were observed in fish from both sites, although the frequency was significantly higher in fish from the Ambude River and morphological nuclear abnormalities were only observed in fish from the Ambude River. More morphological nuclear abnormalities and a larger number of micronuclei were observed in erythrocytes stained with acridine orange compared with those stained with Giemsa. On average, erythrocyte indices were lower in fish from the Ambude River than from the Serena Lagoon. The results confirm that genotoxic and hematological parameters in C. macropomum can be used as indicators of environmental health and could be valuable tools for monitoring environmental conditions within protected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Débora Batista Pinheiro Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Aquatic Resources and Fishery (PPGRAP/UEMA), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Emily Yarbrough Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Ecological and Environmental, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zafira da Silva de Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lígia Tchaicka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Alana Lislea de Sousa
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Babini MS, Bionda CDL, Salas NE, Martino AL. Health status of tadpoles and metamorphs of Rhinella arenarum (Anura, Bufonidae) that inhabit agroecosystems and its implications for land use. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 118:118-125. [PMID: 25919343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Perturbations of water bodies near agricultural and livestock systems can affect embryonic and larval stages of anurans and negatively impact adult populations and structure of amphibian communities. This study is focused on early development of Rhinella arenarum, for which body growth, abnormalities in the oral disc and genetic damage on erythrocytes were analyzed to establish the impact of agroecosystems on local populations of amphibians. Tadpoles and metamorphs of R. arenarum were collected in three agroecosystems (namely, C1, C2, and C3) and in a site without agricultural and livestock activities (SM) from central Argentina. Egg masses of C1 were extracted for breeding tadpoles under laboratory conditions (Lab). Tadpoles were in small size and lighter in weight in C1 and C2. Metamorphs were shorter and lighter in weight in C1 and C3. In SM and Lab samples, no tadpoles with abnormal LTRF (labial tooth row formula) or without labial teeth were observed. In C1, the highest frequency of abnormal LTRF was recorded and was the only site in which tadpoles without labial teeth were found. In C1 and C2 the tadpoles had highest micronucleus frequencies and nuclear abnormalities. C1 can be considered as the site with the highest anthropogenic perturbation and with less healthy tadpoles. Livestock practices such as alternating cattle between parcel and keeping a buffer between crops and water bodies, would allow a better development of the first aquatic stages that are essential for the conservation of the anuran populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Selene Babini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional N 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Clarisa de Lourdes Bionda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional N 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Nancy Edith Salas
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional N 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Adolfo Ludovico Martino
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Ruta Nacional N 36-km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jindal R, Verma S. In vivo genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assessment of cadmium chloride in peripheral erythrocytes of Labeo rohita (Hamilton). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 118:1-10. [PMID: 25890049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity has been assessed in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of freshwater fish Labeo rohita exposed to 0.37 and 0.62mg/L of CdCl2 in water for 100 days. The blood samples of the fish were collected at different intervals (days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100) of exposure period to analyze DNA damage using comet assay and the occurrence of micronuclei and other cellular anomalies. The results of comet assay showed a significant increase in the mean percentage of tail DNA at both the concentrations. Exposure to CdCl2 also induced micronuclei in addition to many nuclear abnormalities such as nuclear bud, binucleates, lobed, notched and vacuolated nuclei. Cytoplasmic abnormalities like echinocytes, acanthocytes, notched, microcytes and cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were also observed. The metal exposed groups showed significant variation in the frequency of cellular abnormalities as well as the extent of DNA damage in comparison to controls. These frequencies increased significantly (p<0.05) in concentration dependent manner, peaking on 10th day while a decreasing trend was observed after 15 days of the exposure period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Sakshi Verma
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Araújo O, Pereira P, Cesário R, Pacheco M, Raimundo J. The sub-cellular fate of mercury in the liver of wild mullets (Liza aurata)--Contribution to the understanding of metal-induced cellular toxicity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 95:412-418. [PMID: 25861722 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a recognized harmful pollutant in aquatic systems but still little is known about its sub-cellular partitioning in wild fish. Mercury concentrations in liver homogenate (whole organ load) and in six sub-cellular compartments were determined in wild Liza aurata from two areas - contaminated (LAR) and reference. Water and sediment contamination was also assessed. Fish from LAR displayed higher total mercury (tHg) organ load as well as in sub-cellular compartments than those from the reference area, reflecting environmental differences. However, spatial differences in percentage of tHg were only observed for mitochondria (Mit) and lysosomes plus microsomes (Lys+Mic). At LAR, Lys+Mic exhibited higher levels of tHg than the other fractions. Interestingly, tHg in Mit, granules (Gran) and heat-denaturable proteins was linearly correlated with the whole organ. Low tHg concentrations in heat stable proteins and Gran suggests that accumulated levels might be below the physiological threshold to activate those detoxification fractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olinda Araújo
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rute Cesário
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Anbumani S, Mohankumar MN. Cytogenotoxicity assessment of monocrotophos and butachlor at single and combined chronic exposures in the fish Catla catla (Hamilton). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4964-4976. [PMID: 25378033 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenotoxic effects in the form of micronuclei and deformed nucleus, nuclear buds, binucleated cells, vacuolated nucleus, vacuolated cytoplasm, echinocytes, and enucleus induced by two compounds belonging to two different chemical classes of agrochemicals (monocrotophos and butachlor) at sublethal concentrations (0.625, 1.3, and 2.3 ppm and 0.016, 0.032, and 0.064 ppm) in single and combined chronic exposures were studied under laboratory conditions for a period of 35 days in the economically important Indian fish Catla catla. Statistically significant duration-dependent increases in the frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and other cytological anomalies were observed. Compared to single exposures, a twofold increase in micronuclei frequency was noted at combined exposures indicating the synergistic phenomenon. Binucleated and enucleated cells appeared only in fishes exposed to sublethal concentrations of butachlor. The present study is the first of its kind in exploring a significant positive correlation between micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies suggesting them as new possible biomarkers of genotoxicity after agrochemical exposures. The study highlights the sensitivity of the assay in exploring various predictive biomarkers of genotoxic and cytotoxic events and also elicits the synergistic effects of agrochemicals in apparently healthy fishes. C. catla can be considered as a suitable aquatic biomonitoring sentinel species of contaminated water bodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Anbumani
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, 603102, India,
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
De Mas E, Benzal J, Merino S, Valera F, Palacios MJ, Cuervo JJ, Barbosa A. Erythrocytic abnormalities in three Antarctic penguin species along the Antarctic Peninsula: biomonitoring of genomic damage. Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
43
|
Mohmood I, Ahmad I, Asim M, Costa L, Lopes CB, Trindade T, Duarte AC, Pereira E. Interference of the co-exposure of mercury with silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles can modulate genotoxicity induced by their individual exposures--a paradox depicted in fish under in vitro conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3687-3696. [PMID: 25256583 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the genotoxic potential of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle functionalized with dithiocarbamate groups (IONP, 100 nm) in vitro exposure alone or its interference with mercury (Hg) co-exposure in the blood of European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) by evaluating 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA). Four groups were made: (i) 2 × 10(6) erythrocytes + Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 (RPMI-1640) (control), (ii) 2 × 10(6) erythrocytes + IONP (2.5 mg L(-1)), (iii) 2 × 10(6) erythrocytes + Hg (50 μg L(-1)), and (iv) 2 × 10(6) erythrocytes + IONP + Hg. Blood plasma was also processed following the previous exposure conditions. Samplings were performed at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure. The results revealed significant ENA increases at both early (2, 4, 8) and late (16, 24, 48, 72) hours of exposure to IONP alone. However, IONP exposure combined with Hg co-exposure revealed no ENA increase at 2 h, suggesting that IONP-Hg complex formation is efficient to eliminate the DNA damage induced by individual exposure to IONP or Hg at early hours. Hence, the initial occurrence of antagonism between IONP and Hg was perceptible; however, at late hours of exposure, IONP was unable to mitigate the mercury-accrued negative impacts. Plasma exposure to IONP alone displayed a significant increase in 8-OHdG levels at 2 and 48 h of exposure. However, IONP in combination with Hg co-exposure revealed an increase in 8-OHdG levels at all the exposure length (except 16 h), suggesting that both IONP and Hg independently oxidized DNA. In addition, an additive effect on 8-OHdG levels at both early and late hours, and on LPO only at late hours (except 24 h), suggested that DNA is more susceptible to peroxidative damage than lipid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Mohmood
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Seriani R, França JG, Lombardi JV, Brito JM, Ranzani-Paiva MJT. Hematological changes and cytogenotoxicity in the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus caused by sub-chronic exposures to mercury and selenium. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:311-322. [PMID: 25216806 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish bioassays are valuable tools that can be used to elucidate the toxicological potential of numerous substances that are present in the aquatic environment. In this study, we assessed the antagonistic action of selenium (Se) against the toxicity of mercury (Hg) in fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Six experimental groups with six fish each were defined as follows: (1) control, (2) mercury (HgCl(2)), (3) sodium selenite (Na(2)Se(4)O(3)), (4) sodium selenate (Na(2)Se(6)O(4)), (5) mercury + sodium selenite (HgCl(2) + Na(2)Se(4)O(3)), and (6) mercury + sodium selenate (HgCl(2) + Na(2)Se(6)O(4)). Hematological parameters [red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and erythroblasts (ERB)] in combination with cytogenotoxicity biomarkers [nuclear abnormalities (NAs) and micronuclei (MN)] were examined after three, seven, ten, and fourteen days. After 7 days of exposure, cytogenotoxic effects and increased erythroblasts caused by mercury, leukocytosis triggered by mercury + sodium selenite, leukopenia associated with sodium selenate, and anemia triggered by mercury + sodium selenate were observed. Positive correlations that were independent of time were observed between WBC and RBC, ERB and MN, and NA and MN. The results suggest that short-term exposure to chemical contaminants elicited changes in blood parameters and produced cytogenotoxic effects. Moreover, NAs are the primary manifestations of MN formation and should be included in a class characterized as NA only. Lastly, the staining techniques used can be applied to both hematological characterization and the measurement of cytogenotoxicity biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robson Seriani
- Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Pesca, Avenida Francisco Matarazzo, 455, São Paulo, SP, 05001-900, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Seriani R, Abessa DMS, Moreira LB, Cabrera JPG, Sanches JQ, Silva CLS, Amorim FA, Rivero DHRF, Silva FL, Fitorra LS, Carvalho-Oliveira R, Macchione M, Ranzani-Paiva MJT. In vitro mucus transportability, cytogenotoxicity, and hematological changes as non-destructive physiological biomarkers in fish chronically exposed to metals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 112:162-168. [PMID: 25463867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The biomonitoring of fish using biomarkers represents a useful tool for the assessment of aquatic pollution. This study evaluated the sublethal toxic effects of aquatic pollution on fish collected from a site contaminated by metals. Water and fish (Oreochromis niloticus) samples were collected from a pond in the Parque Ecológico do Tietê (PET) that lies along the Tietê River (São Paulo, Brazil), and from a control site (an experimental fish farm). The metal content of the water was evaluated, and fish were used to examine the properties of gill mucus and blood. The PET fish were evaluated for alterations in the in vitro transportability of mucus and changes in blood properties (e.g., cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cells, and white blood cell count). The results of the water analyzes indicated metal levels above the legal standards for Fe (0.71 mg/L), Ni (0.06 mg/L), Mn (0.11 mg/L), and Pb (0.48 mg/L). Compared to the controls, the hematologic parameter analyzes of PET fish revealed significantly higher numbers of erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), lymphocytes, erythroblasts, and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV); however, the hemoglobin content and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) values were significantly lower. The frequencies of nuclear abnormalities and micronuclei were significantly higher and the mucociliary transport was significantly lower in PET fish than in the controls. These results suggest that fish from the contaminated site exhibit a series of physiological responses, which probably indicate health disturbances. Furthermore, the results suggest that blood and mucus are promising, non-destructive targets for use in the monitoring of pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robson Seriani
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica - LIM 05-Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil; Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ecotoxicologia Aquática - Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Campus do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente, SP, Brasil; Pós Graduação em Educação Ambiental da Universidade de Guarulhos UnG - Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | - Denis M S Abessa
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ecotoxicologia Aquática - Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Campus do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente, SP, Brasil
| | - Lucas B Moreira
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ecotoxicologia Aquática - Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Campus do Litoral Paulista, São Vicente, SP, Brasil
| | - Joana P G Cabrera
- Pós Graduação em Educação Ambiental da Universidade de Guarulhos UnG - Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Juliana Q Sanches
- Graduação em Ciênicas Biológicas da Universidade Paulista - UNIP, Campus Vergueiro/Paraíso, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Carolina L S Silva
- Graduação em Ciênicas Biológicas da Universidade Paulista - UNIP, Campus Vergueiro/Paraíso, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Francisca A Amorim
- Graduação em Ciênicas Biológicas da Universidade Paulista - UNIP, Campus Vergueiro/Paraíso, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Dolores H R F Rivero
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica - LIM 05-Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Flavia L Silva
- Pós Graduação em Nanociências e Materiais Avançados, Universidade Federal do ABC-UFABC-Santo André, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lilian S Fitorra
- Centro de Recepção de Animais Silvestre "Orlando Villas Boas", São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica - LIM 05-Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Mariangela Macchione
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica - LIM 05-Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lajmanovich RC, Junges CM, Cabagna-Zenklusen MC, Attademo AM, Peltzer PM, Maglianese M, Márquez VE, Beccaria AJ. Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis in aqueous suspension on the South American common frog Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae) tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 136:205-212. [PMID: 25460638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensis (Bti) on non-target organisms are still a matter of debate; in amphibians, the risks of Bti are little known. To evaluate the toxicity of a commercial liquid (aqueous suspension, AS) formulation of Bti (Introban(®)) on Leptodactylus latrans tadpoles, including median lethal concentration (LC50) and no-and lowest-observed-effect concentrations (NOEC and LOEC, respectively), as well as the possible effects of Bti on oxidative responses, erythrocytes genotoxicity, and histology of the intestines. In the laboratory, tadpoles were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L of formulated Bti-AS. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as formation of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs), and histological effect were measured in tadpoles displaying survival rates >85%. L. latrans tadpoles were sensitive to exposure to Bti-AS, reaching 100% mortality after 48 h of exposure at the highest concentration. Bti-AS induced GST and CAT enzymes and genotoxicity (erythrocyte's nuclear abnormalities), and caused intestine's histopathology. Our results demonstrate that toxicity of Bti-AS is dose-dependent for L. latrans tadpoles and that sublethal exposure alters enzymes of oxidative stress, induces genotoxicity, and causes intestine damage. Further research is needed to evaluate the ecotoxicological risk of the massive use of Bti formulations on amphibian populations that commonly used suburban wastewater or urban waterbodies to reproduce and where this biopesticide is frequently applied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Lajmanovich
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Celina M Junges
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mariana C Cabagna-Zenklusen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Attademo
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Paola M Peltzer
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mariana Maglianese
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Vanina E Márquez
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Beccaria
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje el Pozo s/n, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lajmanovich RC, Cabagna-Zenklusen MC, Attademo AM, Junges CM, Peltzer PM, Bassó A, Lorenzatti E. Induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in tadpoles of the common toad (Rhinella arenarum) treated with the herbicides Liberty® and glufosinate-ammonium. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 769:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
48
|
Marques A, Custódio M, Guilherme S, Gaivão I, Santos MA, Pacheco M. Assessment of chromosomal damage induced by a deltamethrin-based insecticide in fish (Anguilla anguilla L.) - a follow-up study upon exposure and post-exposure periods. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 113:40-46. [PMID: 25052525 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The pyrethroid insecticide Decis®, containing deltamethrin as active ingredient, is among the most popular broad-spectrum biocides, with wide application in agriculture and home pest control. The occurrence of deltamethrin in the aquatic environment is well-established, but the possible genotoxic effects of Decis® in non-target organisms, namely fish, remain unknown. Hence, this work aimed to evaluate the cytogenetic damaging potential of Decis® in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.), adopting the erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) assay. In addition, it was intended to investigate the damage progression in the post-exposure period. The frequency of immature erythrocytes (IE) was also determined to provide indirect information on the erythrocyte catabolism and erythropoiesis rate. Fish were exposed to 17.5 and 35 μg L(-1) of Decis® (equivalent to 0.05 and 0.1 μg L(-1) of deltamethrin, respectively) during 1 and 3 days. Thereafter, fish were transferred to clean water and kept for 1, 7 and 14 days. The results demonstrated a clear potential to induce chromosomal damage following 3 days exposure, depicted in an ENA frequency increase for both Decis® concentrations. The transient nature of this cytogenetic damage was also demonstrated, as ENA frequency returned to the control level 1 and 7 days after cessation of the exposure, respectively for the higher and the lower Decis® concentration. Moreover, this response pattern suggested a rapid metabolization and elimination of the formulation constituents by A. anguilla, combined with an increased erythrocyte turnover in fish exposed to the higher Decis® concentration, as pointed out by the IE frequency rise. Overall, the demonstrated genotoxic properties of Decis® pointed out increased risk factors to fish exposed to this insecticide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marques
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Marco Custódio
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- CECAV and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Ana Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Carrola J, Santos N, Rocha MJ, Fontainhas-Fernandes A, Pardal MA, Monteiro RAF, Rocha E. Frequency of micronuclei and of other nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of the grey mullet from the Mondego, Douro and Ave estuaries--Portugal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6057-6068. [PMID: 24469770 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2537-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish are bioindicators of water pollution, and an increased rate of their erythrocyte nuclear morphological abnormalities (ENMAs)-and particularly of erythrocyte micronuclei (EMN)-is used as a genotoxicity biomarker. Despite the potential value of ENMAs and MN, there is scarce information about fish captured in Iberian estuaries. This is the case of the Portuguese estuaries of the Mondego, Douro and Ave, suffering from different levels of environmental stress and where chemical surveys have been disclosing significant amounts of certain pollutants. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicants impacts and infer about the exposure at those ecosystems, using the grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) as bioindicator and considering the type and frequency of nuclear abnormalities of erythrocytes as proxies of genotoxicity. Sampling of mullets was done throughout the year in the important Mondego, Douro and Ave River estuaries (centre and north-western Portugal). The fish (total n = 242) were caught in campaigns made in spring-summer and autumn-winter, using nets or fishing rods. The sampled mullets were comparable between locations in terms of the basic biometric parameters. Blood smears were stained with Diff-Quik to assess the frequencies of six types of ENMAs and MN (given per 1,000 erythrocytes). Some basic water physicochemical parameters were recorded to search for fluctuations matching the ENMAs. Overall, the most frequent nucleus abnormality was the polymorphic type, sequentially followed by the blebbed/lobed/notched, segmented, kidney shaped, vacuolated, MN and binucleated. The total average frequency of the ENMAs ranged from 73 ‰ in the Mondego to 108 ‰ in the Ave. The polymorphic type was typically ≥50 % of the total ENMAs, averaging about 51 ‰, when considering all three estuaries. The most serious lesion-the MN-in fish from Mondego and Douro had a similar frequency (≈0.38 ‰), which was significantly lower than that in the Ave (0.75 ‰). No significant seasonal differences existed as to the MN rates and seasonal differences existed almost only in the Douro, with the higher values in AW. In general, the pattern of ENMAs frequencies was unrelated with the water physicochemical parameters. Considering the data for both the total ENMAs and for each specific abnormality, and bearing in mind that values of MN in fish erythrocytes >0.3 ‰ usually reflect pollution by genotoxicants, it is suggested that mullets were likely being chronically exposed to such compounds, even in the allegedly less polluted ecosystem (Mondego). Moreover, data supported the following pollution exposure gradient: Mondego < Douro < Ave. The scenario and inferences nicely agree with the published data from chemical monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Carrola
- UTAD-University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, ECVA-School of Life and Environmental Sciences, CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Quinta de Prados, Apartado 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Guilherme S, Santos MA, Gaivão I, Pacheco M. DNA and chromosomal damage induced in fish (Anguilla anguilla L.) by aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)--the major environmental breakdown product of glyphosate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:8730-9. [PMID: 24696215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the direct impact of breakdown products of pesticide components on aquatic wildlife is ecotoxicologically relevant, but frequently disregarded. In this context, the evaluation of the genotoxic hazard posed by aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA--the major natural degradation product of glyphosate) to fish emerges as a critical but unexplored issue. Hence, the main goal of the present research was to assess the AMPA genotoxic potential to fish following short-term exposures (1 and 3 days) to environmentally realistic concentrations (11.8 and 23.6 μg L(-1)), using the comet and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) assays, as reflecting different levels of damage, i.e. DNA and chromosomal damage, respectively. Overall, the present findings pointed out the genotoxic hazard of AMPA to fish and, subsequently, the importance of including it in future studies concerning the risk assessment of glyphosate-based herbicides in the water systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Guilherme
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|