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Patra A, Das S, Das S, Mandal A, Sekhar Mondal N, Ratan Ghosh A. Assessing haematological parameters and probable toxicity analysis in two coastal fish species at harbouring areas of Digha coastal belt, West Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118318. [PMID: 38307179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems are vital for maintaining the biodiversity and human livelihoods, but they are increasingly subjected to anthropogenic pressures, including pollution from various sources. Present work intends to assess the possible threats in coastal ecosystem as well as coastal fish species, in particular, through haematological parameters caused due to exposure of environmental contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), potentially toxic metals (PTMs), etc. This study analysed the haematological parameters and probable toxicity levels in two important coastal fish species, viz., Mystus sp. and Mugil sp. widely available in Digha coastal belt. Different haematological parameters, such as WBCs (White Blood Cells), Lym (Lymphocytes), Gran (Granulocytes), Mid (Monocytes), RBCs (Red Blood Cells), HCT (Haematocrit) value, MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration), RDW- CV (Red Cells Distribution Width-Co-efficient of Variation), RDW- SD (Red Cells Distribution Width-Standard Deviation), PLT (Total Platelet Count), MPV (Mean Platelet Volume), PDW- SD (Platelet Distribution Width-Standard Deviation), PDW- CV (Platelet Distribution Width-Co-efficient of Variation), PCT (Plateletcrit), PLCR (Platelet Large Cell Ratio), PLCC (Platelet Large Cell Count) and many others were measured directly through Erba H360 Haematology Analyser, simultaneously air dried blood smear was stained by Haematoxylin-Eosin(H-E) and Giemsa stain for assessing morphometric alterations of RBCs, WBCs, platelets as well as to determine the differential counts of WBCs by observing through Leica DM2000 microscope. Evidence of several abnormalities in the erythrocyte's nucleus (ENAs) and the abundance of abnormal celled erythrocytes (ECAs), carcinoma (lymphoproliferative disorder, polycythaemia vera, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma), elevation of WBCs content, Lym %(Lymphocyte percentage), Eo(Eosinophils), monocytes, HCT and gross depletion of Ne(Neutrophils), basophils, and PLCR levels indicated a sign of major impact of contamination to two intoxicated fishes which may also affect the human being through food chain and may result into leukaemia in mammalian species, finally. However, comprehensive evaluation of the long-term impacts of the contaminants like PAHs and/or PTMs, etc., on fish populations, human health risk and coastal ecosystem is required to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Mankar College, Mankar, West Bengal, 713144, India
| | - Subhas Das
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India
| | - Sugata Das
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India
| | - Arghya Mandal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Mankar College, Mankar, West Bengal, 713144, India
| | - Niladri Sekhar Mondal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Netaji Subhas Open University, DD-26, Sector-I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700 064, India
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India.
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Wu D, Lu X, Dong LX, Tian J, Deng J, Wei L, Wen H, Zhong S, Jiang M. Nano polystyrene microplastics could accumulate in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Negatively impacts on the intestinal and liver health through water exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:604-614. [PMID: 37980043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a significant concern for their potential toxicity. However, the correlation between the size of plastic particles and their toxicity remains inconclusive. Here, we investigate the toxic effects of different sizes (80 nm, 800 nm, 8 µm and 80 µm) polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the model organism Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The results of bioluminescent imaging indicate that the 80 nm PS-MPs are more likely to invade the body. H&E staining shows severe damage on the intestinal villi and distinct hepatic steatosis in the 80 nm group. EdU labeling shows that the proliferation activity of intestinal and liver cells reduces significantly in the 80 nm group. The gut microbiome analysis shows a severe imbalance of gut microbiota homeostasis in the 80 nm group. The analysis of liver transcriptomics and metabolomics shows that the liver lipid metabolism is disordered in the 80 nm group. In conclusion, this study confirms that the 80 nm PS-MPs are more likely to induce intestinal and liver toxicity. All the above lay the foundation for further study on the pathological damage of MPs to other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Li-Xue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Jin Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hua Wen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
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Rushford CA, North RL, Miller GL. Detection of Pythium spp. in Golf Course Irrigation Systems. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:46-56. [PMID: 34569825 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0399-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many Pythium spp. are causal agents of diseases of turfgrasses. Pythium spp. disseminate through irrigation systems in agricultural settings, and this study provides evidence that Pythium spp. also disseminate through golf course irrigation. Water samples were collected from irrigation heads and water sources at 10 golf courses in Missouri and Kansas, U.S.A. Samples were collected from 2018 to 2019 in April, July, and October. Phosphorus, nitrogen, and chloride concentrations were measured from irrigation head samples to determine if these parameters influence frequency of Pythium spp. detected. Pythium spp. were detected in samples through baiting and membrane filtration. Cultures were isolated on PARP media, and DNA was extracted from putative Pythium isolates. The internal transcribed spacer region was PCR-amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using representative sample sequences, sequences from seven morphologically identified reference isolates of Pythium, and similar GenBank accessions. Detected oomycete species include Lagenidium giganteum, Pythium biforme, Pythium insidiosum, Pythium marsipium, Pythium plurisporium, and Saprolegnia hypogyna. Twenty-one clades lacked species-level resolution, and 14 of these clades were associated with Pythium species. Clades A, C, D, E, I, and M contain Pythium species that cause root and crown rot on creeping bentgrass. Detected Pythium communities were dependent on the detection method used and sampling source. Pythium frequency and diversity were highest in April 2019. Sample temperature, sampling site, and chloride and nutrient concentrations did not influence Pythium frequency in samples. Irrigation systems using surface water sources contained at least three Pythium spp. over the course of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca L North
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Gerald L Miller
- Division of Plant Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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Ibrahim ATA, Banaee M, Sureda A. Genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and biochemical biomarkers of exposure to green synthesized cadmium nanoparticles in Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 242:108942. [PMID: 33220515 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The considerable increment in the use of Nanoparticles in the industry has been recognized as an environmental concern today. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity effects of green synthesized cadmium nanoparticles [Cd]NPs using Moringa oleifera leaves extract on multi-biomarkers in Oreochromis niloticus after four weeks of exposure. The results showed that LC50 values of [Cd]NPs for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 2.17, 1.75, 1.49 and 1.22 mg l-1, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the number of white and red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration value in fish exposed to [Cd]NPs. The mean corpuscular volume and neutrophils were increased. [Cd]NPs exposure to fish has led to cytotoxic and genotoxic changes in the erythrocytes. Significant changes were observed in the cortisol, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine levels of the fish exposed to [Cd]NPs. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase increased. Glucose, total lipids, urea, and creatinine levels increased in the serum of fish exposed to [Cd]NPs, whereas total protein contents and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased. A significant reduction was observed in glycogen, total antioxidant levels, and superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities of fish exposed to [Cd]NPs. In contrast, the [Cd]NPs exposure resulted in a significant increase in DNA fragmentation percentages, lipid peroxidation, and carbonyl protein levels in different tissues. The results of the present study confirmed that [Cd]NPs has the toxicity potential to cause Cyto-genotoxicity, oxidative damages, changes in the hematological and biochemical changes, and endocrine disruptor in the fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Banaee
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, and CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Mendonça Gomes JM, Charlie-Silva I, Santos AK, Rezende RR, Gomes JAS, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Corrêa Junior JD. An imaging flow cytometry-based technique to quantify erythrocyte nuclear alterations. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 228:105649. [PMID: 33035768 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Morphological nuclear alterations are indicative of DNA damage and have been considered excellent markers of exposure to several pollutants in aquatic environments. Flow cytometry is a powerful technique for measuring cell phenotypes in large numbers of cells in a short period of time. This technique is suited to the study of cell populations and subset identification as a function of its high-throughput and multi-parameter characteristics. We used the quantification of erythrocyte nuclear alterations to compare the techniques of imaging flow cytometry and light microscopy. The comparison used blood samples of the fish Oreochromis niloticus assayed using cadmium as a nuclear alteration-inducing agent. The results showed that imaging flow cytometry has higher sensitivity than light microscopy for detecting and quantifying erythrocytic nuclear alterations. We conclude that imaging flow cytometry can produce fast and reliable results and could potentially be useful in studies involving fish erythrocytes under normal and impacted environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juliana A S Gomes
- Department of Morphology, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Ma J, Jiang N, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Cain K, Yi M, Jia K, Wen H, Liu W, Guan W, Zeng L. Determination of a novel parvovirus pathogen associated with massive mortality in adult tilapia. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008765. [PMID: 32970777 PMCID: PMC7588064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilapia is one of the most important economic and fastest-growing species in aquaculture worldwide. In 2015, an epidemic associated with severe mortality occurred in adult tilapia in Hubei, China. The causative pathogen was identified as Tilapia parvovirus (TiPV) by virus isolation, electron microscopy, experimental challenge, In situ hybridization (ISH), indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), and viral gene sequencing. Electron microscopy revealed large numbers of parvovirus particles in the organs of diseased fish, including kidney, spleen, liver, heart, brain, gill, intestine, etc. The virions were spherical in shape, non-enveloped and approximately 30nm in diameter. The TiPV was isolated and propagated in tilapia brain cells (TiB) and induced a typical cytopathic effect (CPE) after 3 days post-infection (dpi). This virus was used to experimentally infect adult tilapia and clinical disease symptoms similar to those observed naturally were replicated. Additionally, the results of ISH and IFA showed positive signals in kidney and spleen tissues from TiPV-infected fish. To identify TiPV-specific sequences, the near complete genome of TiPV was obtained and determined to be 4269 bp in size. Phylogenetic analysis of the NS1 sequence revealed that TiPV is a novel parvovirus, forms a separate branch in proposed genus Chapparvovirus of Parvoviridae. Results presented here confirm that TiPV is a novel parvovirus pathogen that can cause massive mortality in adult tilapia. This provides a basis for the further studies to define the epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this emerging viral disease. A novel parvovirus isolated from adult tilapia causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Using a SISPA-PCR and RACE, we identified and characterized 4269 nucleotides of this parvovirus. Tentatively named Tilapia parvovirus (TiPV), this is to our knowledge the first putative member of the family Parvoviridae shown to infect a teleost host. We found that a nucleotide sequence similarity search by BLASTX had no significant matches with other viruses, while amino acid sequence comparison indicated approximately 34.6% ~ 50.0% amino acids (aa) homology with other parvoviruses. Similarities between the genomes of parvoviruses infecting hosts in different phyla or divisions indicate a need to update previously suggested hypotheses on the origins of parvovirus. Our findings may represent new avenues to explain viral evolution and suggest a need to further study parvovirus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yecheng Zhang
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences and the Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kenneth Cain
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences and the Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Meisheng Yi
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Kuntong Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Wen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wuxiang Guan
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: ; (WG); (LZ)
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: ; (WG); (LZ)
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Pinheiro JPS, Assis CBD, Muñoz-Peñuela M, Barbosa Júnior F, Correia TG, Moreira RG. Water temperature and acid pH influence the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aluminum in the freshwater teleost Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:266-274. [PMID: 30590293 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of metals, including aluminum (Al), can be potentiated by temperature and acid pH, a concern in view of the current global warming scenario. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioconcentration of Al in the testes and semen of Astyanax altiparanae and the potential of this metal, at different environmental temperatures and acid pH, to cause cytotoxicity and genotocixity in erythrocytes and spermatozoa. A. altiparanae males were divided into nine experimental groups: at each of three different water temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C), the fish were exposed to a neutral pH, an acid pH and acidic water containing Al (0.5 mg.L-1). The fish were subjected to subacute, semi-static exposure and sampled at 24 and 96 h. After each exposure period the comet assay (blood and semen) and micronucleus test (blood) were performed. Bioconcentration of Al was evaluated in the testes and semen. Exposure time and temperature influenced the Al bioconcentration pattern in the testes. Al concentration in the semen was higher in fish exposed at 20 and 25 °C (24 h). The DNA fragmentation score for the semen and blood was higher in fish exposed to Al at 20 (24 h) and 30 °C (96 h). The frequency of nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes was higher in the group exposed to Al at 30 °C (96 h). It was concluded that Al bioconcentrates in the testes and semen of A. altiparanae at different temperatures and is potentially cytotoxic and genotoxic to erythrocytes and spermatozoa in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Silva Pinheiro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolism and Reproduction of Aquatic Organisms - LAMEROA; Matão Street, 14 lane, number 101 - room 220, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cecília Bertacini de Assis
- Universidade de São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolism and Reproduction of Aquatic Organisms - LAMEROA; Matão Street, 14 lane, number 101 - room 220, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolism and Reproduction of Aquatic Organisms - LAMEROA; Matão Street, 14 lane, number 101 - room 220, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Barbosa Júnior
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Café Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Gabriel Correia
- Universidade Federal do Amapá, Biological Sciences Course, Juscelino Kubitschek Highway, Km 02 - Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, AP, Brazil.
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolism and Reproduction of Aquatic Organisms - LAMEROA; Matão Street, 14 lane, number 101 - room 220, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Ibrahim ATA, AbouelFadl KY, Osman AGM. Ultraviolet A-induced hematotoxic and genotoxic potential in Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1495-1502. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00189h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fish as an aquatic organism could be harmed by various levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Th. A. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology
- Faculty of Science
- Assiut University (New Valley Branch)
- Egypt
| | - Khaled Y. AbouelFadl
- Lecturer of Fish biology and Ecology
- Faculty of Fish and Fisheries Technology
- Aswan University
- Egypt
| | - Alaa G. M. Osman
- Department of Zoology
- Faculty of Science
- Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch)
- 71524 Assiut
- Egypt
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Viana LF, Súarez YR, Cardoso CAL, Crispim BDA, Grisolia AB, Lima-Junior SE. Mutagenic and genotoxic effects and metal contaminations in fish of the Amambai River, Upper Paraná River, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27104-27112. [PMID: 28963607 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated mutagenic and genotoxic effects and metal accumulation in the liver and musculature of Pterygoplichthys ambrosetti and Prochilodus lineatus in the Amambai River, a tributary of the Upper Paraná River in Brazil. We also evaluated the potential for these fish species as environmental bioindicators and performed risk assessment for conservation purposes. We found that P. ambrosetti had a higher frequency of micronuclei compared to P. lineatus (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences between species in other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA) (p > 0.05). For both species, the liver contained a higher concentration of metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Ni) than the musculature did (p < 0.0001). Of the two species, P. ambrosetti was more suitable to evaluate mutagenic and genotoxic effects and metal accumulation in the liver and musculature, likely due to its resident behavior; hence, we highlight the potential of this species for use as an environmental bioindicator. The concentrations of non-essential metals observed in the fish confirm conditions of environmental stress in the Amambai River, possibly related to the discharge of pollutants and exacerbated by lack of native vegetation cover along the watercourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilene Finoto Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, MS, Brazil.
| | - Yzel Rondon Súarez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Bruno do Amaral Crispim
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Alexeia Barufatti Grisolia
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Eduardo Lima-Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Dourados, MS, Brazil
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de Castro E Sousa JM, Peron AP, da Silva FCC, de Siqueira Dantas EB, de Macedo Vieira Lima A, de Oliveira VA, Matos LA, Paz MFCJ, de Alencar MVOB, Islam MT, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA, Bonecker CC, Júlio HF. Physico-chemical and genotoxicity analysis of Guaribas river water in the Northeast Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 177:334-338. [PMID: 28319887 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
River pollution in Brazil is significant. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical and genotoxic profiles of the Guaribas river water, located in Northeast Brazil (State of Piauí, Brazil). The study conducted during the dry and wet seasons to understand the frequency of pollution throughout the year. Genotoxicity analysis was done with the blood of Oreochromis niloticus by using the comet assay. Water samples were collected from upstream, within and downstream the city Picos. The results suggest a significant (p < 0.05) genotoxic effect of the Guaribas river water when compared to the control group. In comparison to the control group, in the river water we found a significant increase in metals such as - Fe, Zn, Cr, Cu and Al. In conclusion, Guaribas river carries polluted water, especially a large quantity of toxic metals, which may impart the genotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ellifran Bezerra de Siqueira Dantas
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil
| | - Ataíde de Macedo Vieira Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Alves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Av. Cícero Duarte, Picos, Piauí, CEP - 64600-000, Brazil
| | - Leomá Albuquerque Matos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Oliveira Barros de Alencar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Mehedibag (Chittagong)-4000, Bangladesh.
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, CEP - 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Costa Bonecker
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, Paraná, CEP - 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Horácio Ferreira Júlio
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, Paraná, CEP - 87020-900, Brazil
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Sharma M, Chadha P. Widely used non-ionic surfactant 4-nonylphenol: showing genotoxic effects in various tissues of Channa punctatus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:11331-11339. [PMID: 28303538 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the intertissue differences in genotoxicity induction in the fish, Channa punctatus, in response to 4-nonylphenol. The lethal concentration of 50 (LC50) was estimated using a semi-static system. Fish were subjected to three sublethal concentrations of 4-nonylphenol (NP) for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Liver, gill, and kidney tissues were analyzed, and the genotoxicity was estimated using the micronucleus test and the comet assay. The frequency of micronucleated cells (MNCs), binucleated cells (BNCs), aberrant cells, and tail moment (TM) increased significantly. The time for maximum induction of genotoxicity for all the parameters considered in the micronucleus assay was 72 h of exposure, whereas the TM was highest at 24 h of exposure followed by a decline. The gill and liver showed higher genotoxicity than kidney tissue demonstrating organ-specific susceptibilities to NP in fish C. punctatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
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Rebok K, Jordanova M, Slavevska-Stamenković V, Ivanova L, Kostov V, Stafilov T, Rocha E. Frequencies of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities and of leucocytes in the fish Barbus peloponnesius correlate with a pollution gradient in the River Bregalnica (Macedonia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:10493-10509. [PMID: 28281072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Integrated chemical and biomarker approaches were performed to estimate if there is ongoing toxicity in the River Bregalnica, namely connected with the presence of metals. The study was performed in water, sediment, and barbel (Barbus peloponnesius), collected in two seasons, from two suspected polluted and one reference zones. The water analyses revealed higher mean values in polluted sites for most of the examined physicochemical parameters. Metal concentrations (Zn, Cu, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Fe) in water were more or less constant, whereas in sediment, they were higher at the two polluted locations. Condition factor (CF), as a general health indicator, revealed better overall condition in barbel from the reference site. In general, blood parameters revealed higher values in the polluted localities. Irrespective of sex and/or season, the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and vacuolated nuclei (VN) were with higher rates in polluted sites. Similarly, the frequencies of the leucocytes (Le), binuclei (BN), and irregularly shaped nuclei (ISN) were also significantly increased in the polluted localities, but they seemed prone to be influenced by sex and/or season. However, strong positive correlations between blood biomarkers and most water physicochemical parameters and metal in sediment were estimated. Our data support that the River Bregalnica's lower course receives significant genotoxic pollution, likely via metal industry effluents, agricultural runoff, and domestic sewage, and reinforced the utility of MN and other nuclear abnormalities as sensitive and suitable biomarkers for genotoxicity when used in monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rebok
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, "Ss Cyril and Methodius" University, Arhimedova 3, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
| | - Maja Jordanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, "Ss Cyril and Methodius" University, Arhimedova 3, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Valentina Slavevska-Stamenković
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, "Ss Cyril and Methodius" University, Arhimedova 3, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Lozenka Ivanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, "Ss Cyril and Methodius" University, Arhimedova 3, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Vasil Kostov
- Fisheries Department, Institute of Animal Science, Ilinden bul., 92a, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Trajče Stafilov
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, "Ss Cyril and Methodius" University, Arhimedova 5, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto (UPorto), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Group of Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (UPorto), Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
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de Jesus IS, Cestari MM, Bezerra MDA, Affonso PRADM. Genotoxicity Effects in Freshwater Fish from a Brazilian Impacted River. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:490-495. [PMID: 26894492 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-1755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the incidence of nuclear abnormalities (NA) in four fish species from an impacted river in Northeastern Brazil, characterized by accumulation of heavy metals and organic sewage. Two carnivores (Serrasalmus brandtii and Hoplias malabaricus) and two omnivore species (Oreochromis niloticus and Geophagus brasiliensis), used as food sources by local populations, were collected during the dry and the rainy season along Contas River basin. Nuclear abnormalities (bulbs, binuclei, lobes, micronuclei, notches, and vacuoles) were reported in all fish samples, with high occurrence in S. brandtii and H. malabaricus, species commonly found in local fish markets. This result agrees with previous analyses of accumulation of trace metals in both species, suggesting an association of genotoxic effects and biomagnification. Moreover, native specimens collected near urban areas presented higher frequencies of NA while O. niloticus seems to be more tolerant to environmental contamination. Therefore, effective policies are required to reduce the contamination of Contas River, since pollution by xenobiotics are potential threats to both local biodiversity and human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isac Silva de Jesus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Jequié, BA, 45206-190, Brazil.
| | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 210, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos de Almeida Bezerra
- Department of Chemistry and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, BA, Brazil
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What the Erythrocytic Nuclear Alteration Frequencies Could Tell Us about Genotoxicity and Macrophage Iron Storage? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143029. [PMID: 26619141 PMCID: PMC4664483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytic nuclear alterations have been considered as an indicative of organism’s exposure to genotoxic agents. Due to their close relationship among their frequencies and DNA damages, they are considered excellent markers of exposure in eukaryotes. However, poor data has been found in literature concerning their genesis, differential occurrence and their life span. In this study, we use markers of cell viability; genotoxicity and cellular turn over in order to shed light to these events. Tilapia and their blood were exposed to cadmium in acute exposure and in vitro assays. They were analyzed using flow cytometry for oxidative stress and membrane disruption, optical microscopy for erythrocytic nuclear alteration, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for cadmium content in aquaria water, blood and cytochemical and analytical electron microscopy techniques for the hemocateretic aspects. The results showed a close relationship among the total nuclear alterations and cadmium content in the total blood and melanomacrophage centres area, mismatching reactive oxygen species and membrane damages. Moreover, nuclear alterations frequencies (vacuolated, condensed and blebbed) showed to be associated to cadmium exposure whereas others (lobed and bud) were associated to depuration period. Decrease on nuclear alterations frequencies was also associated with hemosiderin increase inside spleen and head kidney macrophages mainly during depurative processes. These data disclosure in temporal fashion the main processes that drive the nuclear alterations frequencies and their relationship with some cellular and systemic biomarkers.
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Nwani CD, Nagpure NS, Kumar R, Kushwaha B, Kumar P, Lakra WS. Induction of micronuclei and nuclear lesions in Channa punctatus following exposure to carbosulfan, glyphosate and atrazine. Drug Chem Toxicol 2014; 37:370-7. [PMID: 24328755 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.866138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxic effects of commonly used agricultural pesticides viz., carbosulfan, glyphosate, and atrazine, were evaluated in Channa punctatus (Pisces, Perciformes) using micronucleus (MN) test and induction of nuclear lesions (NL). The 96 h LC50 value were estimated by probit analysis as 0.27, 32.0 and 42.0 mg L(-1), respectively, for carbosulfan, glyphosate, and atrazine using semi-static bioassays. Based on these values, three sublethal test concentrations of carbosulfan (0.07, 0.13, 0.20 mg L(-1)), glyphosate (8.1, 16.3, 24.4 mg L(-1)) and atrazine (10.6, 21.2, 31.8 mg L(-1)) corresponding to ¼, ½ and ¾ of the LC50 of the pesticides respectively, were selected for exposure for 96 h. Peripheral blood samplings were taken at intervals of 24 h for assessment of MN and NL frequencies. Considerably higher genotoxic damage was induced by carbosulfan as compared to glyphosate and atrazine. There were significant effects (p < 0.01) of concentrations in all the treated groups. The induction of MN and NL was highest at 96 h pesticide exposure at all test concentrations. The nuclear abnormalities recorded in this study, such as blebbed-, lobed-, notched- and bi-nuclei, other than micronuclei, are indicators of genotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Didigwu Nwani
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka , Enugu State , Nigeria
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Harabawy ASA, Mosleh YYI. The role of vitamins A, C, E and selenium as antioxidants against genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 104:28-35. [PMID: 24632120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the genotoxic and cytotoxic potentials of sublethal concentration (5mg L(-1)) of combined metals including Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn (1.25mg L(-1) of each) on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus after exposure for five and seven days; and to evaluate the protective role of vitamin E alone and a combination of selenium (Se) with vitamins A, C and E which was added to the diet as antioxidants against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of these metals. This was accomplished by application of micronuclei (MN), binuclei (BN), nuclear abnormalities (NAs) assays in addition to morphological erythrocyte alteration (MAEs) assay. The results revealed that, exposure of O. niloticus to Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn induced the formation of nine genotoxic endpoints including MN, BN and seven patterns of NAs, kidney-shaped nuclei, blebbed nuclei, lobed nuclei, bilobed nuclei, notched nuclei, hook-shaped nuclei and vacuolated nuclei; and five patterns of morphological malformations were recorded as cytotoxic endpoints including echinocytes, acanthocytes, teardrop-like erythrocytes, microcytes and fused erythrocytes. Frequencies of these abnormalities were significantly different (p<0.05) in comparison to control group. The maximum number of MN, BN and most of NAs and MAEs were recorded in the 5th day of exposure and then start to decrease as recorded in the 7th day. Addition of the vitamin E alone to the diet significantly (p<0.05) decreased the frequencies of MN, BN, and most of NAs and MAEs to become less than those recorded in metals-treated fish. But, addition of a combination of Se with vitamins A, C and E in the diet resulted in more significant decrease (p<0.05) in frequencies of MN, BN, NAs and most MAEs to become less than those recorded in both, fish treated with metals only and fish treated with metals and supplied with vitamin E alone in the diet. Therefore, this study confirms the powerful protective potential of the vitamin E alone and a combination of SE with vitamins A, C and E as antioxidants against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in erythrocytes of O. niloticus. Also, confirmed on the validity of MN test and NAs in addition to MAEs as effective indicators and valuable sensitive monitoring tools for detecting genotoxic and cytotoxic agents in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S A Harabawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, North Jeddah, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yahia Y I Mosleh
- Department of Aquatic Environment, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, North Jeddah, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Harabawy ASA, Ibrahim ATA. Sublethal toxicity of carbofuran pesticide on the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822): hematological, biochemical and cytogenetic response. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 103:61-67. [PMID: 24461394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of two sublethal concentrations of carbofuran pesticide (0.16 and 0.49mg/L, for 35 days) on hematological and blood biochemical parameters of catfish, Clarias gariepinus, and to evaluate the genotoxic potential of carbofuran on the erythrocytes of C. gariepinus for the first time by micronucleus and erythrocyte alteration assays. The results revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in red blood cells (RBCs) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Hct) and the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) levels, but the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) levels were increased. White blood cells (WBCs) count, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and monocytes were increased significantly (p<0.05), while the lymphocytes were decreased. Also, carbofuran exposure caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in aspartic aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The results obtained showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in plasma glucose, total lipids, urea and creatinin levels, but the total protein, albumin concentration and globulin levels were decreased (p<0.05) significantly and consequently A/G ratio also decreased. Carbofuran caused many genotoxic and morphological alterations in erythrocytes such as formation of micronuclei (MN), echinocytes, acanthocytes, tear like drop cells, microcytes and erythrocytes with vacuolated cytoplasm and pale nucleus. The exposed groups have shown significant variations in frequencies of MN and altered erythrocytes in comparison to control group, and these frequencies increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increase of carbofuran concentration. Therefore, current results present a clear evidence of the response of C. gariepinus to carbofuran and allow us to consider that C. gariepinus as a good bioindicator to reflect the toxicity and the genotoxic potential of carbofuran that might be released into the aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S A Harabawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, North Jeddah, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Th A Ibrahim
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley Branch, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Osman AG, Abuel-Fadl KY, Kloas W. In situ evaluation of the genotoxic potential of the river Nile: II. Detection of DNA strand-breakage and apoptosis in Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2012; 747:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Osman AG, Harabawy AS. Hematotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Ultraviolet-A Radiation on the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jfish.2010.44.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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