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Yeager R, Keith RJ, Riggs DW, Fleischer D, Browning MHEM, Ossola A, Walker KL, Hart JL, Srivastava S, Rai SN, Smith T, Bhatnagar A. Intra-neighborhood associations between residential greenness and blood pressure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:173788. [PMID: 38901580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous investigations have reported that individuals living in greener neighborhoods have better cardiovascular health. It is unclear whether the effects reported at large geographic scales persist when examined at an intra-neighborhood level. The effects of greenness have not been thoroughly examined using high-resolution metrics of greenness exposure, and how they vary with spatial scales of assessment or participant characteristics. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of associations between blood pressure and multiple high-resolution measures of residential area greenness in spatially concentrated HEAL Study cohort of the Green Heart Project. We employed generalized linear models, accounting for individual-level covariates, to examine associations between different high-resolution measures of greenness and blood pressure among 667 participants in a 4 sq. mile contiguous neighborhood area in Louisville, KY. RESULTS In adjusted models, we observed significant inverse associations between residential greenness, measured by leaf area index (LAI), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) within 150-250 m and 500 m of homes, but not for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) or grass cover. Weaker associations were also found with diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Significant positive associations were observed between LAI and SBP among participants who reported being female, White, without obesity, non-exercisers, non-smokers, younger age, of lower income, and who had high nearby roadway traffic. We found few significant associations between grass cover and SBP, but an inverse association in those with obesity, but positive associations for those without obesity. CONCLUSIONS We found that leaf surface area of trees around participants home is strongly associated with lower blood pressure, with little association with grass cover. These effects varied with participant characteristics and spatial scales. More research is needed to test causative links between greenspace types and cardiovascular health and to develop population-, typology-, and place-based evidence to inform greening interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Yeager
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rachel J Keith
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel W Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel Fleischer
- Hyphae Design Laboratory, 942 Clay Street, Oakland, CA 94607, USA
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Sirrine 120B, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Alessandro Ossola
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis. PES-1238, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kandi L Walker
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Communication, University of Louisville, 310 Strickler Hall West, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Joy L Hart
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Communication, University of Louisville, 310 Strickler Hall West, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ted Smith
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville. 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, 302 E Muhammad Ali Blvd, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Liu C, Zhang B, Liu C, Zhang Y, Zhao K, Zhang P, Tian M, Lu Z, Guo X, Jia X. Association of ambient ozone exposure and greenness exposure with hemorrhagic stroke mortality at different times: A cohort study in Shandong Province, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116356. [PMID: 38678691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on the association between long-term ozone exposure and greenness exposure and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is limited, with mixed results. One potential source of this inconsistency is the difference in exposure time metrics. This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient ozone, greenness, and mortality from HS using exposure metrics at different times. We also examined whether greenness exposure modified the relationship between ozone exposure and mortality due to HS. The study population consisted of 45771 participants aged ≥40 y residing in 20 counties in Shandong Province who were followed up from 2013 to 2019. Ozone exposure metrics (annual mean and warm season) and the normalized difference a measure of greenness exposure, were calculated. The relationship between environmental exposures (ozone and greenness exposures) and mortality from HS was assessed using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models, and the modification of greenness exposure was examined using stratified analysis with interaction terms. The person-years at the end of follow-up were 90,663. With full adjustments, the risk of death from hemorrhagic stroke increased by 5% per interquartile range increase in warm season ozone [hazard ratio =1.05; 95 % confidence interval: 1.01-1.08]. No clear association was observed between annual ozone and mortality HS. Both the annual and summer NDVI were found to reduce the risk of HS mortality. The relationships were influenced by age, sex, and residence (urban or rural). Furthermore, greenness exposure was shown to have a modifying effect on the relationship between ozone exposure and the occurrence of HS mortality (P for interaction = 0.001). Long-term exposure to warm season O3 was positively associated with HS mortality, while greenness exposure was inversely associated with HS mortality. Greenness exposure may mitigate the negative effects of warm season ozone exposure on HS mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Bingyin Zhang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Meihui Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Zilong Lu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
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Wu W, Chen D, Ruan X, Wu G, Deng X, Lawrence W, Lin X, Li Z, Wang Y, Lin Z, Zhu S, Deng X, Lin Q, Hao C, Du Z, Wei J, Zhang W, Hao Y. Residential greenness and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a large cohort in southern China: Potential causal links, risk trajectories, and mediation pathways. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00214-5. [PMID: 38797475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Residential greenness may influence COPD mortality, but the causal links, risk trajectories, and mediation pathways between them remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES We aim to comprehensively identify the potential causal links, characterize the dynamic progression of hospitalization or posthospital risk, and quantify mediation effects between greenness and COPD. METHODS This study was conducted using a community-based cohort enrolling individuals aged ≥ 18 years in southern China from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2015. Greenness was characterized by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) around participants' residential addresses. We applied doubly robust Cox proportional hazards model, multi-state model, and multiple mediation method, to investigate the potential causal links, risk trajectories among baseline, COPD hospitalization, first readmission due to COPD or COPD-related complications, and all-cause death, as well as the multiple mediation pathways (particulate matter [PM], temperature, body mass index [BMI] and physical activity) connecting greenness exposure to COPD mortality. RESULTS Our final analysis included 581,785 participants (52.52% female; average age: 48.36 [Standard Deviation (SD): 17.56]). Each interquartile range (IQR: 0.06) increase in NDVI was associated with a reduced COPD mortality risk, yielding a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.88 (95 % CI: 0.81, 0.96). Furthermore, we observed per IQR (0.04) increase in NDVI was inversely associated with the risk of multiple transitions (baseline - COPD hospitalization, baseline - death, and readmission - death risks), especially a declined risk of all-cause death after readmission (HR = 0.66 [95 %CI: 0.44, 0.99]). Within the observed association between greenness and COPD mortality, three mediators were identified, namely PM, temperature, and BMI (HR for the total indirect effect: 0.773 [95 % CI: 0.703, 0.851]), with PM showing the highest mediating effect. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed greenness may be a beneficial factor for COPD morbidity, prognosis, and mortality. This protective effect is primarily attributed to the reduction in PM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingling Ruan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gonghua Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlei Deng
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wayne Lawrence
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuming Zhu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Deng
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoxuan Lin
- Guangzhou Health Technology Identification & Human Resources Assessment Center, Department of Statistics, China
| | - Chun Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, USA.
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Information & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Peking, China.
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Mansouri R, Lavigne E, Talarico R, Smargiassi A, Rodriguez-Villamizar LA, Villeneuve PJ. Residential surrounding greenness and the incidence of childhood asthma: Findings from a population-based cohort in Ontario, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118316. [PMID: 38301756 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have investigated the possible role that living in areas with greater amounts of greenspace has on the incidence of childhood asthma. These findings have been inconsistent, and few studies explored the relevance of timing of exposure. We investigated the role of residential surrounding greenness on the risk of incident asthma using a population-based retrospective cohort study. We included 982,131 singleton births in Ontario, Canada between 2006 and 2013. Two measures of greenness, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Green View Index (GVI), were assigned to the residential histories of these infants from pregnancy through to 12 years of age. Longitudinally-based diagnoses of asthma were determined by using provincial administrative health data. The extended Cox hazards model was used to characterize associations between greenness measures and asthma (up to age 12 years) while adjusting for several risk factors. In a fully adjusted model, that included a term for traffic-related air pollution (NO2), we found no association between an interquartile range increase (0.08) of the NDVI during childhood and asthma incidence (HR = 0.99; 95 % CI = 0.99-1.01). In contrast, we found that an 0.08 increase in NDVI during childhood reduced the risk of asthma in children 7-12 years of age by 14 % (HR = 0.86, 95 % CI:0.79-0.95). Seasonal differences in the association between greenness and asthma were noted. Our findings suggest that residential proximity to greenness reduces the risk of asthma in children aged 7-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mansouri
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Eric Lavigne
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Robert Talarico
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Audrey Smargiassi
- Center for Public Health Research (CReSP), University of Montreal and CIUSSS Du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 7101 Av Du Parc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Laura A Rodriguez-Villamizar
- Department of Public Health, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 32 29-31, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Yu B, Tang W, Fan Y, Ma C, Ye T, Cai C, Xie Y, Shi Y, Baima K, Yang T, Wang Y, Jia P, Yang S. Associations between residential greenness and obesity phenotypes among adults in Southwest China. Health Place 2024; 87:103236. [PMID: 38593578 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although exposure to greenness has generally benefited human metabolic health, the association between greenness exposure and metabolic obesity remains poorly studied. We aimed to investigate the associations between residential greenness and obesity phenotypes and the mediation effects of air pollutants and physical activity (PA) level on the associations. METHODS We used the baseline of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study, which enrolled 87,613 adults. Obesity phenotypes were defined based on obesity and metabolic status, including metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), non-obesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and non-obesity (MHNO). Greenness exposure was measured as the 3-year mean values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) within the 500-m buffer zones around the participants' residence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between greenness and obesity phenotypes. Stratified analyses by age, sex, educational level, and urbanicity were performed to identify how the effect varies across different subgroups. Causal mediation analysis was used to examine the mediation effects of air pollutants and PA level. RESULTS Compared with MHNO, each interquartile range (IQR) increase in greenness exposure was associated with reduced risks of MHO (ORNDVI [95% CI] = 0.87 [0.81, 0.93]; OREVI = 0.91 [0.86, 0.97]), MUO (ORNDVI = 0.83 [0.78, 0.88]; OREVI = 0.86 [0.81, 0.91]), and MUNO (ORNDVI = 0.88 [0.84, 0.91]; OREVI = 0.89 [0.86, 0.92]). For each IQR increase in both NDVI and EVI, the risks of MHO, MUO, and MUNO were reduced more in men, participants over 60 years, those with a higher level of education, and those living in urban areas, compared to their counterparts. Concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and PA level partially mediated the associations between greenness exposure and obesity phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to residential greenness was associated with decreased risks of MHO, MUO, and MUNO, which was mediated by concentrations of PM and PA level, and modified by sex, age, educational level, and urbanicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenge Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunzhe Fan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changwei Cai
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Xie
- Jianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jianyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangzhuo Baima
- High Altitude Health Science Research Center of Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanjiao Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan, China; School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Matthaios VN, Holland I, Kang CM, Hart JE, Hauptman M, Wolfson JM, Gaffin JM, Phipatanakul W, Gold DR, Koutrakis P. The effects of urban green space and road proximity to indoor traffic-related PM 2.5, NO 2, and BC exposure in inner-city schools. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00669-8. [PMID: 38615139 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since there are known adverse health impacts of traffic-related air pollution, while at the same time there are potential health benefits from greenness, it is important to examine more closely the impacts of these factors on indoor air quality in urban schools. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the association of road proximity and urban greenness to indoor traffic-related fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and black carbon (BC) in inner-city schools. METHODS PM2.5, NO2, and BC were measured indoors at 74 schools and outdoors at a central urban over a 10-year period. Seasonal urban greenness was estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with 270 and 1230 m buffers. The associations between indoor traffic-related air pollution and road proximity and greenness were investigated with mixed-effects models. RESULTS The analysis showed linear decays of indoor traffic-related PM2.5, NO2, and BC by 60%, 35%, and 22%, respectively for schools located at a greater distance from major roads. The results further showed that surrounding school greenness at 270 m buffer was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with lower indoor traffic-related PM2.5: -0.068 (95% CI: -0.124, -0.013), NO2: -0.139 (95% CI: -0.185, -0.092), and BC: -0.060 (95% CI: -0.115, -0.005). These associations were stronger for surrounding greenness at a greater distance from the schools (buffer 1230 m) PM2.5: -0.101 (95% CI: -0.156, -0.046) NO2: -0.122 (95% CI: -0.169, -0.075) BC: -0.080 (95% CI: -0.136, -0.026). These inverse associations were stronger after fully adjusting for regional pollution and meteorological conditions. IMPACT STATEMENT More than 90% of children under the age of 15 worldwide are exposed to elevated air pollution levels exceeding the WHO's guidelines. The study investigates the impact that urban infrastructure and greenness, in particular green areas and road proximity, have on indoor exposures to traffic-related PM2.5, NO2, and BC in inner-city schools. By examining a 10-year period the study provides insights for air quality management, into how road proximity and greenness at different buffers from the school locations can affect indoor exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Matthaios
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Public Health Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - I Holland
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Hauptman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Wolfson
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Gaffin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Phipatanakul
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Lee M, Kotake R, Yamauchi H. Physical Activity and Mammographic Density in Japanese Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:365-370. [PMID: 38147061 PMCID: PMC10905669 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dense breast is one of the strong risk factors for breast cancer among women. While it has been established that physical activity is associated with decreased risk for breast cancer, results have been inconsistent in terms of mammographic density. Thus, we examined physical activity in relation to mammographic density among Japanese women in Tokyo. METHODS We used 123,026 records from 33,698 Japanese women without a history of breast cancer who got mammograms at St. Luke's International Hospital in Tokyo, Japan from 2004 to 2019. Mammographic density was classified according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), and women self-reported their physical activity level over the past year. ORs were estimated using logistic generalized estimating equations after adjusting for age, body mass index, menopausal status, parity, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, hormone therapy use, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and year. RESULTS We observed inverse associations of physical activity with dense breasts. Adjusted ORs were 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.91-1.00) for women with physical exercise for 1-2 days per week, 0.94 (0.88-0.99) for those with physical exercise for 3-5 days per week, and 0.91 (0.84-0.99) for those with daily physical exercise when compared with those reported seldom physical exercise. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of physical activity may be associated with decreased mammographic density levels in Japanese women. IMPACT Increasing physical activity may serve as a reasonable intervention to reduce mammographic density, and thereby, to mitigate the risk of breast cancer in Asian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihye Lee
- St. Luke's School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rina Kotake
- St. Luke's School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang Z, Liao J, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Ge Y, Chen W, Qiu C, Berhane K, Bai Z, Han B, Xu J, Jiang YH, Gilliland F, Yan W, Chen Z, Huang G, Zhang J(J. Critical windows of greenness exposure during preconception and gestational periods in association with birthweight outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, HEALTH : ERH 2024; 2:015001. [PMID: 38022394 PMCID: PMC10647935 DOI: 10.1088/2752-5309/ad0aa6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between greenness exposure and birth outcomes. This study aims to identify critical exposure time windows during preconception and pregnancy for the association between greenness exposure and birth weight. A cohort of 13 890 pregnant women and newborns in Shanghai, China from 2016-2019 were included in the study. We assessed greenness exposure using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) during the preconception and gestational periods, and evaluated the association with term birthweight, birthweight z-score, small-for-gestational age, and large-for-gestational age using linear and logistic regressions adjusting for key maternal and newborn covariates. Ambient temperature, relative humidity, ambient levels of fine particles (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) assessed during the same period were adjusted for as sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we explored the potential different effects by urbanicity and park accessibility through stratified analysis. We found that higher greenness exposure at the second trimester of pregnancy and averaged exposure during the entire pregnancy were associated with higher birthweight and birthweight Z-score. Specifically, a 0.1 unit increase in second trimester averaged NDVI value was associated with an increase in birthweight of 10.2 g (95% CI: 1.8-18.5 g) and in birthweight Z-score of 0.024 (0.003-0.045). A 0.1 unit increase in an averaged NDVI during the entire pregnancy was associated with 10.1 g (95% CI: 1.0-19.2 g) increase in birthweight and 0.025 (0.001-0.048) increase in birthweight Z-score. Moreover, the associations were larger in effect size among urban residents than suburban residents and among residents without park accessibility within 500 m compared to those with park accessibility within 500 m. Our findings suggest that increased greenness exposure, particularly during the second trimester, may be beneficial to birth weight in a metropolitan area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchun Yang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Jiawen Liao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhang
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yihui Ge
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Chenyu Qiu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Weili Yan
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Guoying Huang
- Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfeng (Jim) Zhang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Division of Environmental Science and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
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Tang M, Liu W, Li H, Li F. Greenness and chronic respiratory health issues: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1279322. [PMID: 38125839 PMCID: PMC10732026 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The number of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) individuals worldwide has been continuously increasing. Numerous studies have shown that greenness can improve chronic respiratory health issues through different mechanisms, with inconsistent evidence. By quantitatively summarizing existing studies, our purpose is to determine the connection between greenness exposure and various chronic respiratory health. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science core databases to identify relevant studies on the correlation between greenness exposure and chronic respiratory health issues. Studies published up to January 2023 were included in the search. The study used the most frequent indicator (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) as the definition of greenness exposure. Results We finally identified 35 studies for meta-analysis. We calculated pooled effects across studies using a random-effects model and conducted a subgroup analysis by age and buffer zones to discuss the effects on chronic respiratory health issues. This study showed that 0.1 increments in NDVI were significantly related to lower rates of asthma incidence, lung cancer incidence, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality risk; the pooled RRs were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85-0.98), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.95), and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92- 0.99), respectively. For the age subgroup, the higher greenness exposure level was related to the incidence rate of asthma among teenagers aged 13-18years (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99). For the buffer subgroup, a positive relationship with greenness exposure and asthma incidence/prevalence at 200-300m and 800- 1000m buffers, as well as the COPD mortality at 800-1000m buffer, the pooled RRs were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.98), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.93), and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88- 0.98), respectively. Evidence of publication bias was not detected in this study. Discussion Our study is the first global meta-analysis between greenness and various CRDs to report an inverse association. Further research is needed in order to determine the effect of greenness exposure on different CRDs. Therefore, when planning for green development, more consideration must be given to public health and green management as intervention measures. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/384029_STRATEGY_20230116.pdf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Tang
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Art, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengyi Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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10
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Zhang P, Zhou C, Zhao K, Liu C, Liu C, He F, Peng W, Jia X, Mi J. Associations of air pollution and greenness with global burden of breast cancer: an ecological study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:103921-103931. [PMID: 37697184 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the significance of the associations of air pollution and greenness with the risk of breast cancer, this topic has not been investigated on a global scale. We conducted an ecological study using 7 years of data from 162 countries. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and incidence data were used to represent the breast cancer disease burden. Particulate matter with a diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were adopted as our exposures. We employed generalized linear mixed models to explore the relationship between air pollution and greenness on breast cancer disease burden. The rate ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) indicate the effect size. There is a positive association between air pollution and the burden of breast cancer disease. Contrarily, per interquartile range increment in NDVI was negatively associated with DALYs and incidence. In terms of air pollutants and breast cancer, NDVI seems to have a significant influence on the relationship between these two conditions. A higher amount of greenness helps to alleviate the negative association of air pollution on breast cancer. PM2.5 and O3 play a mediating role in the relationship between greenness and breast cancer disease burden. In areas with higher levels of greenness, there is a possibility that the inverse association between air pollutants and the burden of breast cancer may be influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Chengrong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Fenfen He
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Jing Mi
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, 233000, China.
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11
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Gu T, Yang T, Wang J, Hu X, Xu Z, Wang Y, Jin J, Zhang J, He T, Li G, Huang J. Modification of green space on the associations between long-term road traffic noise exposure and incident intracerebral hemorrhage: A prospective cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116189. [PMID: 37211178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke that would cause high mortality and disability. Environmental factors may play an important role in the incident risk of ICH. Evidence on how long-term road traffic noise exposure affects incident ICH is still scarce, and whether green space has a modification effect is unknown. We conducted a prospective analysis based on UK Biobank to assess the longitudinal association between road traffic noise exposure and incident ICH, and the potential modification of green space. METHODS Algorithms based on medical records and linkage were utilized to identify ICH incident cases in the UK Biobank. The Common Noise Assessment Methods in Europe noise model was used to calculate the road traffic noise exposure at the residential level. The relationship between weighted average 24-h road traffic noise level (Lden) and incident ICH was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models, and the modification effect of green space was examined using stratified analysis with interaction terms. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 1 459 incident ICH cases were ascertained in the 402 268 baseline individuals. After adjustment for potential confounders, Lden was significantly related to an elevated risk of incident ICH with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.28) for a 10 dB [A] increment. The detrimental influence of Lden on ICH remained stable after adjustment for air pollution. Furthermore, green space modified the association between Lden exposure and incident ICH (Pinteraction = 0.035), and no association was found for higher green space. CONCLUSIONS Long-term residential road traffic noise exposure was associated with an increased risk of ICH, but only for those who live in areas with less green space, indicating that green space may alleviate the negative impacts of road traffic noise exposure on ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Teng Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhihu Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianfeng He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China; Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Building, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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12
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Kim K, Joyce BT, Nannini DR, Zheng Y, Gordon-Larsen P, Shikany JM, Lloyd-Jones DM, Hu M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Vaughan DE, Zhang K, Hou L. Inequalities in urban greenness and epigenetic aging: Different associations by race and neighborhood socioeconomic status. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8140. [PMID: 37379393 PMCID: PMC10306284 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Slower epigenetic aging is associated with exposure to green space (greenness); however, the longitudinal relationship has not been well studied, particularly in minority groups. We investigated the association between 20-year exposure to greenness [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)] and epigenetic aging in a large, biracial (Black/white), U.S. urban cohort. Using generalized estimating equations adjusted for individual and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics, greater greenness was associated with slower epigenetic aging. Black participants had less surrounding greenness and an attenuated association between greenness and epigenetic aging [βNDVI5km: -0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.75, 3.13 versus βNDVI5km: -3.03, 95% CI: -5.63, -0.43 in white participants]. Participants in disadvantaged neighborhoods showed a stronger association between greenness and epigenetic aging (βNDVI5km: -3.36, 95% CI: -6.65, -0.08 versus βNDVI5km: -1.57, 95% CI: -4.12, 0.96 in less disadvantaged). In conclusion, we found a relationship between greenness and slower epigenetic aging, and different associations by social determinants of health such as race and neighborhood socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeezu Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Joyce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Drew R. Nannini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James M. Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ming Hu
- School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Douglas E. Vaughan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Potocsnak Longevity Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Thiering E, Markevych I, Kress S, Astell-Burt T, Feng X, Altug H, Koletzko S, Bauer CP, von Berg A, Berdel D, Herberth G, Schikowski T, Heinrich J, Standl M. Gene-environment interaction in the association of residential greenness and 25(OH) vitamin D. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121519. [PMID: 36990343 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing awareness for beneficial health effects of green space surrounding the home, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood and challenging to study given the correlation with other exposures. Here, the association of residential greenness and vitamin D including a gene-environment interaction is investigated. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured by electrochemiluminescence at ages 10 and 15 years in participants of two German birth cohorts GINIplus and LISA. Greenness was measured using the Landsat-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in a 500 m buffer surrounding the home. Linear and logistic regression models were applied at both time points adjusted for several covariates (N10Y = 2,504, N15Y = 2,613). In additional analyses vitamin D-related genes, physical activity, time spent outdoors, supplements, and measurement season were investigated as potential confounders or effect modifiers. A 1.5-SD increase in NDVI was significantly associated with increased 25(OH)D values at ages 10 and 15 years (β10y = 2.41 nmol/l, p=<0.01; β15y = 2.03 nmol/l, p = 0.02). In stratified analyses, the associations were not seen in participants spending more than 5 h/day outside in summer, having a high physical activity level, taking supplements, or being examined during the winter season. In a subset (n = 1,732) with genetic data, a significant gene-environment interaction of NDVI with CYP2R1, an upstream gene in 25(OH)D synthesis, was observed at age 10 years. When investigating 25(OH)D sufficiency, defined as values above 50 nmol/l, a 1.5-SD increase in NDVI was associated with significantly higher odds of having sufficient 25 (OH)D levels at age 10 years (OR = 1.48, 1.19-1.83). In conclusion, robust associations between residential greenness and 25 (OH)D levels were observed in children and adolescents independent of other confounders and additionally supported by the presence of a gene-environment interaction. Effects of NDVI were stronger in those having lower vitamin D levels at age 10 years due to their covariate profile or genetically lower 25(OH)D synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU), Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany.
| | - Iana Markevych
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sara Kress
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Astell-Burt
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia; School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia; School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, NSW, 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hicran Altug
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337, Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Michała Oczapowskiego 2, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Carl-Peter Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Kölner Platz 1, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea von Berg
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Pastor-Janßen-Straße 8-38, 46483, Wesel, Germany
| | - Dietrich Berdel
- Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Pastor-Janßen-Straße 8-38, 46483, Wesel, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
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Guo K, Yan L, He Y, Li H, Lam SS, Peng W, Sonne C. Phytoremediation as a potential technique for vehicle hazardous pollutants around highways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121130. [PMID: 36693585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the synchronous development of highway construction and the urban economy, automobiles have entered thousands of households as essential means of transportation. This paper reviews the latest research progress in using phytoremediation technology to remediate the environmental pollution caused by automobile exhaust in recent years, including the prospects for stereoscopic forestry. Currently, most automobiles on the global market are internal combustion vehicles using fossil energy sources as the primary fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, and liquid or compressed natural gas. The composition of vehicle exhaust is relatively complex. When it enters the atmosphere, it is prone to a series of chemical reactions to generate various secondary pollutants, which are very harmful to human beings, plants, animals, and the eco-environment. Despite improving the automobile fuel quality and installing exhaust gas purification devices, helping to reduce air pollution, the treatment costs of these approaches are expensive and cannot achieve zero emissions of automobile exhaust pollutants. The purification of vehicle exhaust by plants is a crucial way to remediate the environmental pollution caused by automobile exhaust and improve the environment along the highway by utilizing the ecosystem's self-regulating ability. Therefore, it has become a global trend to use phytoremediation technology to restore the automobile exhaust pollution. Now, there is no scientific report or systematic review about how plants absorb vehicle pollutants. The screening and configuration of suitable plant species is the most crucial aspect of successful phytoremediation. The mechanisms of plant adsorption, metabolism, and detoxification are reviewed in this paper to address the problem of automobile exhaust pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Guo
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yifeng He
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hanyin Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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15
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Yang T, Gu T, Xu Z, He T, Li G, Huang J. Associations of residential green space with incident type 2 diabetes and the role of air pollution: A prospective analysis in UK Biobank. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161396. [PMID: 36608823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green space is a newly modifiable environmental factor which would bring health benefits, and identifying potential pathways is important to better promote public health. Nowadays, limited evidence is available on residential green space and risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). To evaluate the longitudinal association between residential green space and incident T2D, and further illustrate the role of air pollution, we conducted a prospective analysis in UK Biobank. METHODS Incident cases of T2D were ascertained through medical linkage of hospital admissions. Residential green space indicated by percentage of green space at 300 m buffer was estimated using land use data. Annual average air pollution was modelled using Land Use Regression model. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the association between the exposure and incident T2D. Effect modification of air pollution was assessed using log-likelihood tests. Casual mediation analysis including interaction of green space and air pollution was used to quantity pure natural indirect effect of air pollution. RESULTS Of 379,238 participants at baseline, 15564 incident T2D cases were identified with 12.4 years of follow-up. In main models, individuals who exposed to residential green space at 300 m buffer in high level (≥75 %) had 14.4 % (95 % CI: 8.0 %, 20.3 %) lower risk of incident T2D compared with those in low level (<25 %). This association was modified by NO2, with green space indicating higher protective effect in low NO2 level (Pinteraction = 0.098). PM2.5 had a high mediation effect of 37.0 % in the association. CONCLUSION Elevated residential green space level was associated with lower risk of incident T2D, and air pollution played an important role in this association. These findings would contribute to policy making and healthy city construction to take air pollution into consideration while planning green space, which would maximize public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhihu Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tianfeng He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China; Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Building, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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16
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Mannucci PM, Peyvandi F. Air pollution and cardiovascular health in Middle East and North Africa: many shadows but some light. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:254-255. [PMID: 36515623 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center and Fondazione Luigi Villa, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center and Fondazione Luigi Villa, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
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17
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Feng C, Yu B, Fei T, Jia P, Dou Q, Yang S. Association between residential greenness and all-cause mortality and the joint mediation effect of air pollutants among old people with disability: A prospective cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159604. [PMID: 36272487 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential greenness offers health benefits to old people, but evidence of its association with the health of old people with disability is scarce. Moreover, due to the limited mobility of this vulnerable population, air pollutants may play an indispensable mediating role in that association, which however remains understudied. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between residential greenness and all-cause mortality risk and the joint mediation effect of air pollutants among old people with disability. METHODS A total of 34,075 old people with disability were included in the Chengdu Long-term Care Insurance cohort. Participants' residential greenness exposure was measured by an enhanced vegetation index within the 500 m buffer zone (EVI500m). Causal mediation analysis was conducted to assess the total effect (TE) of residential greenness and the natural indirect effect (NIE) through PM2.5, CO, NO2, SO2, and O3 on all-cause mortality. RESULTS The TE of EVI500m on the all-cause mortality risk in overall participants showed negative, which, decreased from the 2nd quartile (HR = 0.93, 95 % CI: 0. 91, 0.95) to the 4th quartile (HR = 0.81, 95 % CI: 0.76, 0.85); the NIE through the five air pollutants also decreased from the 2nd quartile (HR = 0.96, 95 % CI: 0.95, 0.98) to the 4th quartile (HR = 0.90, 95 % CI: 0.88, 0.93), with the proportion mediated decreased from 48 % to 44 %. The stronger TE or NIE were observed in participants aged <80 years old, men, with mild-moderate disability, and having outdoor experience every week. CONCLUSION Exposure to residential greenness was associated with a decreased risk of mortality, partially through the pathways of air pollutants, which varied by age, sex, degree of disability, and frequency of weekly outdoors. Our findings would provide evidence to develop aging-friendly cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanteng Feng
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University-The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Teng Fei
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingyu Dou
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, Geriatric Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
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18
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Hart JL, Yeager RA, Riggs DW, Fleischer D, Owolabi U, Walker KL, Bhatnagar A, Keith RJ. The Relationship between Perceptions and Objective Measures of Greenness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16317. [PMID: 36498387 PMCID: PMC9736070 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to greenness has been studied through objective measures of remote visualization of greenspace; however, the link to how individuals interpret spaces as green is missing. We examined the associations between three objective greenspace measures with perceptions of greenness. We used a subsample (n = 175; 2018-2019) from an environmental cardiovascular risk cohort to investigate perceptions of residential greenness. Participants completed a 17-item survey electronically. Objective measurements of greenness within 300 m buffer around participants home included normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), tree canopy and leaf area index. Principal component analysis reduced the perceived greenspaces to three dimensions reflecting natural vegetation, tree cover and built greenspace such as parks. Our results suggest significant positive associations between NDVI, tree canopy and leaf area and perceived greenness reflecting playgrounds; also, associations between tree canopy and perceived greenness reflecting tree cover. These findings indicate that the most used objective greenness measure, NDVI, as well as tree canopy and leaf area may most align with perceptions of parks, whereas tree canopy alone captures individuals' perceptions of tree cover. This highlights the need for research to understand the complexity of green metrics and careful interpretation of data based on the use of subjective or objective measures of greenness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy L. Hart
- Department of Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Ray A. Yeager
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel W. Riggs
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | | | - Ugochukwu Owolabi
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kandi L. Walker
- Department of Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rachel J. Keith
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Division of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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19
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De Ruyter T, Martens DS, Bijnens EM, Nawrot TS, De Henauw S, Michels N. A multi-exposure approach to study telomere dynamics in childhood: A role for residential green space and waist circumference. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113656. [PMID: 35691385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres are vulnerable to various environmental exposures and lifestyle factors, encompassed in the exposome. Recent research shows that telomere length is substantially determined early in life and that exposures in childhood may have important consequences in setting later life telomere length. OBJECTIVES We explore in a child population the associations of 17 exposures with telomere length and longitudinal telomere change. METHODS Children (2.8-10.3y at baseline, 51.3% boys) were followed-up for five to seven years. Relative telomere length was measured at baseline and follow-up using quantitative real-time PCR. Exposures and lifestyle factors included: body composition (body mass index and waist circumference), dietary habits (sugar- and fat-rich food intake, vegetables and fruit intake), psychosocial stress (events, emotions, behaviour), sleep duration, physical activity, and residential environmental quality (longterm black carbon, particulate matter exposure, and residential green space). Cross-sectional (n=182) and longitudinal (n=150) analyses were assessed using linear regression models, adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status and multiple testing. RESULTS Our longitudinal analyses showed that higher residential green space at baseline was associated with (β=0.261, p=0.002) lower telomere attrition and that children with a higher waist circumference at baseline showed a higher telomere attrition (β=-0.287, p=0.001). These two predictors were confirmed via LASSO variable selection and correction for multiple testing. In addition, children with more unhealthy exposures at baseline had a significantly higher telomere attrition over the follow-up period compared to children with more healthy exposures (β=-0.200, p=0.017). DISCUSSION Waist circumference and residential green space were identified as predictors associated with telomere attrition in childhood. These results further support the advantages of a healthy lifestyle from early age onwards and the importance of a green environment to promote molecular longevity from childhood onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaïs De Ruyter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Esmée M Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Basith S, Manavalan B, Shin TH, Park CB, Lee WS, Kim J, Lee G. The Impact of Fine Particulate Matter 2.5 on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Invisible Killer. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152656. [PMID: 35957086 PMCID: PMC9370264 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution exerts several deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounting for 80% of all premature deaths caused by air pollution. Short-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) leads to acute CVD-associated deaths and nonfatal events, whereas long-term exposure increases CVD-associated risk of death and reduces longevity. Here, we summarize published data illustrating how PM2.5 may impact the cardiovascular system to provide information on the mechanisms by which it may contribute to CVDs. We provide an overview of PM2.5, its associated health risks, global statistics, mechanistic underpinnings related to mitochondria, and hazardous biological effects. We elaborate on the association between PM2.5 exposure and CVD development and examine preventive PM2.5 exposure measures and future strategies for combating PM2.5-related adverse health effects. The insights gained can provide critical guidelines for preventing pollution-related CVDs through governmental, societal, and personal measures, thereby benefitting humanity and slowing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaherin Basith
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (S.B.); (T.H.S.); (C.B.P.)
| | - Balachandran Manavalan
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Tae Hwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (S.B.); (T.H.S.); (C.B.P.)
| | - Chan Bae Park
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (S.B.); (T.H.S.); (C.B.P.)
| | - Wang-Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Korea;
| | - Jaetaek Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (G.L.)
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (S.B.); (T.H.S.); (C.B.P.)
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (G.L.)
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21
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Chen L, Gao D, Ma T, Chen M, Li Y, Ma Y, Wen B, Jiang J, Wang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Wu L, Li W, Liu X, Guo X, Huang S, Wei J, Song Y, Ma J, Dong Y. Could greenness modify the effects of physical activity and air pollutants on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155117. [PMID: 35398425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Greenness could theoretically increase the impact of physical activity (PA) and reduce the adverse effects of air pollution on overweight/obesity. However, no evidence systematically compares these two pathways, especially in longitudinal studies of children and adolescent's cohort. Greenness, PA, and air pollution were assessed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), International Physical Activity Short Form, and 7 pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3). Each exposure was divided into low-/high-level groups based on the 50% quantile. Proportional hazards and logistic regression model were used to assess the associations of greenness, PA, pollutants with overweight/obesity. The incidence of overweight/obesity was 1.98% in the national survey, and the cumulative incidence and incidence density were 12.76% and 3.43 per 100 person-year in the dynamic cohort, separately. An increase of 0.1 units in NDVI was associated with a 12% lower risk of overweight/obesity, but no significant link between PA and incidence was observed. The HRs of the high-level of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 on the risk of overweight/obesity were 2.21, 2.63, 1.88, 2.38, 1.33, 2.43, and 1.33 in the low-level of greenness, which was higher than those in the high-level of greenness. The AFs of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 were 25.58%, 44.37%, 22.96%, 29.15%, 11.55%, 29.50%, and 10.92% in the low-level of greenness, which simultaneously was higher than those in the high-level of greenness. Moreover, the risk of overweight/obesity associated with high-level of greenness in the high-level of PM10, SO2, CO were 0.83, 0.81, and 0.83 respectively. Our findings confirmed that greenness has a moderating effect on the effects of air pollutants on childhood overweight/obesity especially in heavy-industry areas where PM10, SO2, and CO are the major pollutants, although it did not influence the association between PA and overweight/obesity risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Gao
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Manman Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bo Wen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, USA
| | - Xijie Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China; Wanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Beijing Health Center for Physical Examination, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Capital Medical University School of Public Health, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sizhe Huang
- Zhongshan Health Care Centers for Primary and Secondary School, Zhongshan 528403, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
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Song J, Du P, Yi W, Wei J, Fang J, Pan R, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Sun Q, Liu Y, Chen C, Cheng J, Lu Y, Li T, Su H, Shi X. Using an Exposome-Wide Approach to Explore the Impact of Urban Environments on Blood Pressure among Adults in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Surrounding Areas of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8395-8405. [PMID: 35652547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Existing studies mostly explored the association between urban environmental exposures and blood pressure (BP) in isolation, ignoring correlations across exposures. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the impact of a wide range of urban exposures on BP using an exposome-wide approach. A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in ten cities of China. For each enrolled participant, we estimated their urban exposures, including air pollution, built environment, surrounding natural space, and road traffic indicator. On the whole, this study comprised three statistical analysis steps, that is, single exposure analysis, multiple exposure analysis and a cluster analysis. We also used deletion-substitution-addition algorithm to conduct variable selection. After considering multiple exposures, for hypertension risk, most significant associations in single exposure model disappeared, with only neighborhood walkability remaining negatively statistically significant. Besides, it was observed that SBP (systolic BP) raised gradually with the increase in PM2.5, but such rising pattern slowed down when PM2.5 concentration reached a relatively high level. For surrounding natural spaces, significant protective associations between green and blue spaces with BP were found. This study also found that high population density and public transport accessibility have beneficially significant association with BP. Additionally, with the increase in the distance to the nearest major road, DBP (diastolic BP) decreased rapidly. When the distance was beyond around 200 m, however, there was no obvious change to DBP anymore. By cluster analysis, six clusters of urban exposures were identified. These findings reinforce the importance of improving urban design, which help promote healthy urban environments to optimize human BP health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Peng Du
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jianlong Fang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Qinghua Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yifu Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China
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23
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Zhao Y, Bao WW, Yang BY, Liang JH, Gui ZH, Huang S, Chen YC, Dong GH, Chen YJ. Association between greenspace and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152513. [PMID: 35016929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the association between greenspaces and blood pressure (BP), but the results remain mixed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the evidence concerning greenspaces with BP levels and prevalent hypertension. Systematic literature searches were performed in Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase up to 25 April 2021. Combined effect estimates were calculated using random-effect models for each greenspace exposure assessment method that had been examined in ≥3 studies. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias were also conducted. Of 38 articles (including 52 analyses, 5.2 million participants in total) examining the effects of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (n = 23), proportion of greenspace (n = 11), distance to greenspace (n = 9), and others (n = 9) were identified. Most studies (65%) reported beneficial associations between greenspaces and BP levels/hypertension. Our results of meta-analyses showed that higher NDVI500m was significantly associated with lower levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP = -0.77 mmHg, 95%CI: -1.23 to -0.32) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP = -0.32 mmHg, 95%CI: -0.57 to -0.07). We also found that NDVI in different buffers and the proportion of greenspaces were significantly associated with lower odds (1-9%) of hypertension. However, no significant effect was found for distance to greenspaces. In summary, our results indicate the beneficial effects of greenspace exposure on BP and hypertension. However, future better-designed studies, preferably longitudinal, are needed to confirm and better quantify the observed benefits in BP and/or hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wen-Wen Bao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhao-Huan Gui
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi-Can Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya-Jun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Zhang X, Wei F, Yu Z, Guo F, Wang J, Jin M, Shui L, Lin H, Tang M, Chen K. Association of residential greenness and incident depression: Investigating the mediation and interaction effects of particulate matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152372. [PMID: 34914979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has linked residential greenness to depression, the results from prospective cohort study are still limited. And it remains unclear whether particulate matter (PM) modify, mediate, or interact the greenness-depression relationship. METHODS We collected data from Yinzhou Cohort(N = 47,516) which was recruited between June 2015 and December 2017. Depression cases before April 2020 were ascertained from local Health Information System covered all residents' health care records. Residential greenness (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI, and the Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI) and PM (particulate matters with diameters≤2.5 μm, PM2.5 and particulate matters with diameters≤10 μm, PM10) were estimated based on participants' residential coordinates. We conducted Cox models employing age as timescale to estimate the association between residential greenness within different buffers and incident depression. Furthermore, we explored the potential confounding, mediation and interaction relationship between greenness and PM. RESULTS During the 99,556 person-years of follow-up, 1043 incident depression cases occurred. In single exposure models, residential greenness was inversely associated with depression incidence (e.g. Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79, 0.94 for per interquartile range (IQR) increase NDVI 250 m). The protective association between greenness was attenuated after introducing PM2.5 and PM10 into the models. We identified multiplicative interactions between greenness and PM exposure for depression (e.g. HR interaction = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.85, 0.98 for per IQR decrease NDVI 250 m and per IQR increase PM2.5). Besides, we found the protective association of greenness was partly mediated by PM (e.g. mediation proportion = 52.9% between NDVI 250 m and PM2.5). CONCLUSIONS In this longitudinal cohort study, residents living in greener neighborhoods had a lower risk of depression incidence and the benefits were interacted and partly mediated by PM. Improvement in residential greenness could be an actionable and planning intervention to prevent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School Public Health and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhebin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanjia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Shui
- Health Commission of Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbo Lin
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School Public Health and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Fan S, Feng W, Zhou Z, Guo Y, Xue Z, Yuan J, Wang Y, Li C, Zhong Y, He W, Dong G, Yang B, Yang Z, Zhang Z. Association between residential greenness and overweight/obesity among rural adults in northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112358. [PMID: 34774507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in greener areas may reduce adiposity, but epidemiological evidence on this topic is still inconsistence and limited, especially in rural areas. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study among 4651 Uyghur adults in rural areas in Xinjiang province, northwestern China, from May to September 2016. We measured residential greenness levels using satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) in 100 m, 300 m, 500 m, and 1000 m buffers around each home address. Body height, weight, and waist circumference were assessed according to recommended guidelines. Data on baseline characteristics and confounders were collected using a questionnaire. We used generalized linear mixed models to estimate the associations of residential greenness with overweight/obesity prevalence and obesity-related anthropometric indices. RESULTS Higher residential greenness levels were associated with lower waist circumference and body mass index levels, as well as with a lower odds ratio of peripheral overweight/obesity prevalence. No significant association was found for greenness and central obesity prevalence. The associations persisted in magnitude and direction across several sensitivity analyses we performed. Stratified analysis suggested that the associations were generally stronger in older adults than those in younger adults. Additionally, neither air pollutants nor physical activity significantly mediated the associations between greenness and obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that higher residential greenness were associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity and lower obesity-related anthropometric indices among rural Uyghur adults in China, especially for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Fan
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wenru Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ziyan Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhenxiang Xue
- Shufu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar, 844100, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Shufu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kashgar, 844100, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Weiyun He
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Boyi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Zhoubin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China; Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Adhikari S, Jordaan A, Beukes JP, Siebert SJ. Anthropogenic Sources Dominate Foliar Chromium Dust Deposition in a Mining-Based Urban Region of South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2072. [PMID: 35206256 PMCID: PMC8872262 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dust pollution can be severe in urban centers near mines and smelters. Identification of dust sources and assessing dust capturing plant morphological traits may help address the problem. A chromium (Cr) mining and ferrochrome smelting region in Sekhukhuneland, South Africa, was investigated to identify the sources of Cr in soil and plant leaf surfaces and to evaluate the association between Cr sources and plant morphology. Combinations of bi- and multivariate statistical analysis techniques were applied. Non-significant relation between Cr quantities in surface soil and on leaf surfaces suggested negligible Cr dust contribution from soil to leaves. Association among Cr, Fe, Mg, Al, and Si levels on leaf surfaces confirmed their shared origin, possibly from chromite containing dust dispersed by mines, smelters, roads, and tailings. Both plant morphology and Cr sources (number and proximity to mines and roads) conjointly determined Cr dust deposition on leaf surfaces. Air mass movement patterns further identified local polluters, i.e., mines, ferrochrome smelters, and roads, as dominant dust sources in the region. Common plant species showed Cr dust adhesion favouring traits (plant tallness, larger leaf area, dense epicuticular wax structures, and larger stomata) and projected dust mitigation prospects for Sekhukhuneland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Adhikari
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Anine Jordaan
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Johan Paul Beukes
- Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Stefan John Siebert
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
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Wu AC, Dahlin A, Wang AL. The Role of Environmental Risk Factors on the Development of Childhood Allergic Rhinitis. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8080708. [PMID: 34438599 PMCID: PMC8391414 DOI: 10.3390/children8080708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors play an important role in the development and exacerbation of allergic rhinitis (AR) in childhood. Indoor air pollution, such as house dust mites and secondhand smoke, can significantly increase the onset of AR, while pet dander may affect the exacerbation of AR symptoms in children. Furthermore, traffic related air pollution and pollen are outdoor air pollutants that can affect immune competency and airway responsiveness, increasing the risk of AR in children. Climate change has increased AR in children, as growth patterns of allergenic species have changed, resulting in longer pollen seasons. More extreme and frequent weather events also contribute to the deterioration of indoor air quality due to climate change. Additionally, viruses provoke respiratory tract infections, worsening the symptoms of AR, while viral infections alter the immune system. Although viruses and pollution influence development and exacerbation of AR, a variety of treatment and prevention options are available for AR patients. The protective influence of vegetation (greenness) is heavily associated with air pollution mitigation, relieving AR exacerbations, while the use of air filters can reduce allergic triggers. Oral antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids are common pharmacotherapy for AR symptoms. In this review, we discuss the environmental risk factors for AR and summarize treatment strategies for preventing and managing AR in children.
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Magnoni P, Murtas R, Russo AG. Residential exposure to traffic-borne pollution as a risk factor for acute cardiocerebrovascular events: a population-based retrospective cohort study in a highly urbanized area. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:1160-1171. [PMID: 34279611 PMCID: PMC8522025 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term exposure to traffic-borne noise and air pollution has been variably
associated with incidence of acute vascular events, namely acute myocardial
infarction, ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke. This study aims at
exploring this association within a highly urbanized city. Methods This is a population-based retrospective dynamic cohort study including all
residents aged ≥ 35 years in the municipality of Milan over
the years 2011–18 (1 087 110 inhabitants).
Residential exposure to road traffic noise (day-evening-night levels) and
nitrogen dioxide was estimated using a noise predictive model and a land use
regression model, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses
were performed to assess the incidence of acute vascular events and specific
outcomes in single-exposure and two-exposure models including adjustment for
sociodemographic confounders, fine particulate matter and surrounding
greenness. Results A total of 27 282 subjects (2.5%) had an acute vascular
event. Models using nitrogen dioxide produced inconsistent results. The
strongest effect was observed for noise, with an optimal cut-off for
dichotomization set at 70 dBA (hazard ratio 1.025, 95% confidence
interval 1.000–1.050). This association was observed specifically
for ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. When stratifying by age group and
sex, a remarkable effect was found for haemorrhagic stroke in men aged
<60 years (hazard ratio 1.439, 95% confidence
interval 1.156–1.792). Conclusions Living by roads with a day-evening-night noise level above 70 dBA exerts a
small but tangible independent effect on the risks of both ischaemic and
haemorrhagic stroke. It is urgent to propose mitigation measures against
pollution and noise originating from vehicular traffic in order to reduce
their impact, especially in the population younger than
60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Magnoni
- Epidemiology Unit, Agency for Health Protection of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Murtas
- Epidemiology Unit, Agency for Health Protection of Milan, Milan, Italy
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A Conceptual Model Based on the Activity System and Transportation System for Sustainable Urban Freight Transport. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Urban freight transport (UFT) is simultaneously responsible for maintaining the urban lifestyle and the negative externalities impacting urban areas, necessitating strategies that promote sustainable urban freight transport (SUFT). In addition, the stakeholders and geographic factors involved in UFT impose specific concerns in the planning and operation stages of SUFT. Therefore, this paper proposes a model addressing sustainable last-mile delivery considering the relationship between the activity system, transportation system, and stakeholders involved in UFT. Based on the literature review, we identified UFT planning procedures to achieve SUFT. In a cyclical process, these procedures were considered on the proposed model, integrating freight transport planning with urban planning to develop SUFT and, consequently, sustainable cities.
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Huang L, Schmid KL, Zhang J, Yang GY, Wu J, Yin XN, He G, Ruan Z, Jiang XQ, Wu CA, Chen WQ. Association between greater residential greenness and decreased risk of preschool myopia and astigmatism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110976. [PMID: 33684414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapid urbanization has led to reduced greenness in many areas, this has been linked to adverse health outcomes. The aim was to determine the association between residential greenness experienced during very early childhood with preschool myopia and astigmatism and to explore the potential mediating role of screen time on any associations. METHOD Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics, home address, screen time during early childhood, and refraction data from vision screenings of 53,575 preschoolers from Longhua Child Cohort Study were collected via questionnaires. Residential greenness was calculated as the average of satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in buffers of 100, 250, and 500 m around each child's home address. Logistic and linear regression models were used to examine the relationships between residential greenness, screen time, and preschool myopia and astigmatism. RESULT The mean (SD) age of the 53,575 preschoolers was 5.0 (0.7) years, and 24,849 (46.4%) were girls. A total of 1236 (2.3%) preschoolers had myopia and 5347 (10.0%) had astigmatism. In the adjusted model, a higher neighborhood greenness level within 100 m buffers around the home address was associated with decreased risk of myopia (adjusted odds ratios (AOR): 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38-0.99), and higher neighborhood greenness levels within 100, 250, and 500 m decreased the risk of astigmatism, and their AORs (95% CIs) were 0.55 (0.43-0.70) for 100 m, 0.59 (0.41-0.83) for 250 m, 0.61 (0.42-0.90) for 500 m, respectively. Greater screen time during early childhood increased the risk of myopia (AOR = 1.33) and astigmatism (AOR = 1.23). Reduction in screen time fully mediated the benefits of greater residential greenness on preschool myopia, but partially mediated that on preschool astigmatism (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Higher residential greenness reduces the risk of preschool myopia and astigmatism; the benefits of residential greenness were mediated through reduced daily screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Katrina L Schmid
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 518109, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui-You Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China; Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 518109, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Na Yin
- Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 518109, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Jiang
- Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 518109, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan-An Wu
- Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 518109, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wei-Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China; Department of Information Management, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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Zeng XW, Lowe AJ, Lodge CJ, Heinrich J, Roponen M, Jalava P, Guo Y, Hu LW, Yang BY, Dharmage SC, Dong GH. Greenness surrounding schools is associated with lower risk of asthma in schoolchildren. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105967. [PMID: 32702595 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing interest in the effect of residential greenness on respiratory health in children with inconsistent results. However, there are no studies investigating the association between greenness around schools, a representative environment for children and childhood asthma. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between greenness surrounding schools and asthma in schoolchildren. METHODS We recruited 59,754 schoolchildren from 94 schools in 2012-2013 from the Seven Northeast Cities Study, China. Greenness surrounding schools was measured using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) at buffers from 30 to 1000 m. Asthma symptoms were collected from validated self-reported questionnaires. Logistic mixed-effects regression models were used to estimate the associations between greenness surrounding school and childhood asthma after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS We found that greenness surrounding schools in all buffered sizes was negatively associated with the prevalence of asthmatic symptoms in schoolchildren. A 0.1-unit increase in NDVI1000m was associated with lower odds of current asthma (odds ratio: 0.81, 95% confidential interval: 0.75, 0.86) and current wheeze (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84, 0.94) in children after covariate adjustments. Higher greenness was associated with less asthma symptoms in a dose-response pattern (P for trend < 0.05). The estimated associations appeared to be stronger in children exposure to higher air pollution level. The observed associations varied across seven cities. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest beneficial associations of greenness surrounding schools with childhood asthma. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich 80336, Germany; Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Aerts R, Nemery B, Bauwelinck M, Trabelsi S, Deboosere P, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Nawrot TS, Casas L. Residential green space, air pollution, socioeconomic deprivation and cardiovascular medication sales in Belgium: A nationwide ecological study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136426. [PMID: 31945528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Green space may improve cardiovascular (CV) health, for example by promoting physical activity and by reducing air pollution, noise and heat. Socioeconomic and environmental factors may modify the health effects of green space. We examined the association between residential green space and reimbursed CV medication sales in Belgium between 2006 and 2014, adjusting for socioeconomic deprivation and air pollution. We analyzed data for 11,575 census tracts using structural equation models for the entire country and for the administrative regions. Latent variables for green space, air pollution and socioeconomic deprivation were used as predictors of CV medication sales and were estimated from the number of patches of forest, census tract relative forest cover and relative forest cover within a 600 m buffer around the census tract; annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, BC and NO2; and percentages of inhabitants that were foreign-born from lower- and mid-income countries, unemployed or had no higher education. A direct association between socioeconomic deprivation and CV medication sales [parameter estimate (95% CI): 0.26 (0.25; 0.28)] and inverse associations between CV medication sales and green space [-0.71 (-0.80; -0.61)] and air pollution [-1.62 (-1.69; -0.61)] were observed. In the regional models, the association between green space and CV medication sales was stronger in the region with relatively low green space cover (Flemish Region, standardized estimate -0.16) than in the region with high green space cover (Walloon Region, -0.10). In the highly urbanized Brussels Capital Region the association tended towards the null. In all regions, the associations between CV medication sales and socioeconomic deprivation were direct and more prominent. Our results suggest that there may be an inverse association between green space and CV medication sales, but socioeconomic deprivation was always the strongest predictor of CV medication sales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raf Aerts
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Division Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity Conservation, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31-2435, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Agoralaan D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium; Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E-2411, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49-706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mariska Bauwelinck
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 5, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sonia Trabelsi
- Louvain Institute of Data Analysis and Modeling in Economics and Statistics, UCLouvain, Voie du Roman Pays, 34 bte L1.03.01, BE-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Deboosere
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 5, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano (Belgian Institute of Health), Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49-706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Agoralaan D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Hasselt, Belgium; Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49-706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lidia Casas
- Center for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49-706, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1-R.232, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Blount RJ, Pascopella L, Barry P, Zabner J, Stapleton EM, Flood J, Balmes J, Nahid P, Catanzaro DG. Residential urban tree canopy is associated with decreased mortality during tuberculosis treatment in California. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:134580. [PMID: 32000313 PMCID: PMC6995452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trees can sequester air pollutants, and air pollution is associated with poor tuberculosis outcomes. However, the health impacts of urban trees on tuberculosis patients are unknown. To elucidate the effects of urban tree canopy on mortality during tuberculosis treatment, we evaluated patients diagnosed with active tuberculosis in California from 2000 through 2012, obtaining patient data from the California tuberculosis registry. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality during tuberculosis treatment. We determined percent tree cover using 1 mresolution color infrared orthoimagery categorized into land cover classes, then linked tree cover to four circular buffer zones of 50-300 m radii around patient residential addresses. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate survival probabilities and Cox regression models to determine mortality hazard ratios, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical covariates. Our cohort included 33,962 tuberculosis patients of median age 47, 59% male, 51% unemployed, and 4.9% HIV positive. Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed in 79%, and 1.17% were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Median tree cover was 7.9% (50 m buffer). Patients were followed for 23,280 person-years with 2370 deaths during tuberculosis treatment resulting in a crude mortality rate of 1018 deaths per 10,000 person-years. Increasing tree cover quintiles were associated with decreasing mortality risk during tuberculosis treatment in all buffers, and the magnitude of association decreased incrementally with increasing buffer radius: In the 50 m buffer, patients living in neighborhoods with the highest quintile tree cover experienced a 22% reduction in mortality (HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.68-0.90) compared to those living in lowest quintile tree cover; whereas for 100, 200, and 300 m buffers, a 21%, 13%, and 11% mortality risk reduction was evident. In conclusion, urban tree canopy was associated with decreased mortality during tuberculosis treatment even after adjusting for multiple demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors, suggesting that trees might play a role in improving tuberculosis outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Blount
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Lisa Pascopella
- Tuberculosis Control Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Pennan Barry
- Tuberculosis Control Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Zabner
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Emma M Stapleton
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jennifer Flood
- Tuberculosis Control Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - John Balmes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Payam Nahid
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donald G Catanzaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Mueller W, Steinle S, Pärkkä J, Parmes E, Liedes H, Kuijpers E, Pronk A, Sarigiannis D, Karakitsios S, Chapizanis D, Maggos T, Stamatelopoulou A, Wilkinson P, Milner J, Vardoulakis S, Loh M. Urban greenspace and the indoor environment: Pathways to health via indoor particulate matter, noise, and road noise annoyance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 180:108850. [PMID: 31670081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The exposome includes urban greenspace, which may affect health via a complex set of pathways, including reducing exposure to particulate matter (PM) and noise. We assessed these pathways using indoor exposure monitoring data from the HEALS study in four European urban areas (Edinburgh, UK; Utrecht, Netherlands; Athens and Thessaloniki, Greece). METHODS We quantified three metrics of residential greenspace at 50 m and 100 m buffers: Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), annual tree cover density, and surrounding green land use. NDVI values were generated for both summer and the season during which the monitoring took place. Indoor PM2.5 and noise levels were measured by Dylos and Netatmo sensors, respectively, and subjective noise annoyance was collected by questionnaire on an 11-point scale. We used random-effects generalised least squares regression models to assess associations between greenspace and indoor PM2.5 and noise, and an ordinal logistic regression to model the relationship between greenspace and road noise annoyance. RESULTS We identified a significant inverse relationship between summer NDVI and indoor PM2.5 (-1.27 μg/m3 per 0.1 unit increase [95% CI -2.38 to -0.15]) using a 100 m residential buffer. Reduced (i.e., <1.0) odds ratios (OR) of road noise annoyance were associated with increasing summer (OR = 0.55 [0.31 to 0.98]) and season-specific (OR = 0.55 [0.32 to 0.94]) NDVI levels, and tree cover density (OR = 0.54 [0.31 to 0.93] per 10 percentage point increase), also at a 100 m buffer. In contrast to these findings, we did not identify any significant associations between greenspace and indoor noise in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS We identified reduced indoor levels of PM2.5 and noise annoyance, but not overall noise, with increasing outdoor levels of certain greenspace indicators. To corroborate our findings, future research should examine the effect of enhanced temporal resolution of greenspace metrics during different seasons, characterise the configuration and composition of green areas, and explore mechanisms through mediation modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
| | | | - Juha Pärkkä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | - Eija Parmes
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Maggos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | | | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
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Greenness Availability and Respiratory Health in a Population of Urbanised Children in North-Western Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010108. [PMID: 31877852 PMCID: PMC6981614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paediatric Asthma contributes in paediatric global burden of diseases, as the most common chronic disease in children. Children are exposed to many environmental risk-factors, able to determine or worsen respiratory diseases, and contributing to asthma and asthma-like symptoms increases, especially in metropolitan areas. In urban settings, surrounding vegetation (greenness) may provide important benefits to health, including the promotion of physical activity and the mitigation of air and noise pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between greenness and respiratory health. A total of 187 children (10–13 yrs old) were recruited in Turin, the north-western part of Italy. The prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms was calculated from self-reported data collected by SIDRIA questionnaire. Spirometry test was performed to obtain respiratory flow measurements. Greenness was measured at individual level through the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) estimations from remote-sensing images. Higher exposure (3rd tertile vs. 1st tertile) to NDVI was associated to significantly lower ORs for asthma [0.13 CI 95% 0.02–0.7, p = 0.019], bronchitis [0.14 CI 95% 0.05–0.45, p = 0.001], and current wheezing [0.25 CI 95% 0.09–0.70, p = 0.008]. A significative positive association was found between greenness and FEF25–75, since children exposed to the 2nd tertile of NDVI reported a significantly decreased FEF25–75 compared to those in the 3rd tertile [B: −2.40; C.I.95%: −0.48–0.01; p = 0.049]. This cross-sectional study provided additional data on still inconsistent literature referring to respiratory health in children and green spaces, attesting a positive effect of greenness in a specific area of Italy. Further research is still needed.
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Mannucci PM, Harari S, Franchini M. Novel evidence for a greater burden of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular disease. Haematologica 2019; 104:2349-2357. [PMID: 31672903 PMCID: PMC6959193 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.225086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient and household air pollution is a major health problem worldwide, contributing annually to approximately seven million of all-cause avoidable deaths, shorter life expectancy, and significant direct and indirect costs for the community. Air pollution is a complex mixture of gaseous and particulate materials that vary depending on their source and physicochemical features. Each material has detrimental effects on human health, but a number of experimental and clinical studies have shown a strong impact for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). In particular, there is more and more evidence that PM2.5 exerts adverse effects particularly on the cardiovascular system, contributing substantially (mainly through mechanisms of atherosclerosis, thrombosis and inflammation) to coronary artery and cerebrovascular disease, but also to heart failure, hypertension, diabetes and cardiac arrhythmias. In this review, we summarize knowledge on the mechanisms and magnitude of the cardiovascular adverse effects of short-and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution, particularly for the PM2.5 size fraction. We also emphasize that very recent data indicate that the global mortality and morbidity burden of cardiovascular disease associated with this air pollutant is dramatically greater than what has been thought up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Harari
- Department of Pneumology and Semi-Intensive Care Unit, Department of Respiratory Physiopathology and Pulmonary Hemodynamics, Ospedale San Giuseppe MultiMedica, Milan and
| | - Massimo Franchini
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, "Carlo Poma" Hospital, Mantua, Italy
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Roadside Moss Turfs in South East Australia Capture More Particulate Matter Along an Urban Gradient than a Common Native Tree Species. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Urbanisation largely consists of removing native vegetation. Plants that remain interact with air quality in complex ways. Pollutants can be detrimental to plant growth; plants sometimes reduce air quality, yet some species also improve it through phytoremediation. A common pollutant of concern to human health in urban areas is particulate matter (PM), small particles of solid or liquid. Our study compared roadside moss turfs with leaves of a common Australian tree species, Pittosporum undulatum, in their ability to capture PM along an urban gradient. We sampled nine sites, three in each of three levels of urbanisation: low, medium, and high according to road type (freeway, suburban road, quiet peri-urban road). In addition, we deployed a PM monitor over a two-week period in one site of each urban level to provide concentrations of PM2.5. We used chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm; maximum quantum yield of photosystem II) as a measure of plant stress. We extracted PM in three size fractions using a filtration and washing technique with water and chloroform. Site averages for moss turfs were between 5.60 and 33.00 mg per g dry weight for total PM compared to between 2.15 and 10.24 mg per g dry weight for the tree leaves. We found that moss was more sensitive to increasing urbanisation, both in terms of trapping proportionately more PM than the leaves, and also in terms of photosynthetic stress, with moss Fv/Fm declining by a site average of 40% from low to high urban “class” (0.76 to 0.45). Our study highlights the stressors potentially limiting moss persistence in cities. It also demonstrates its ability to trap PM, a trait that could be useful in urban applications relating to urban greening or air quality.
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Deng L, Deng Q. The basic roles of indoor plants in human health and comfort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:36087-36101. [PMID: 30387059 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Humans have a close relationship with nature, and so integrating the nature world into indoor space could effectively increase people's engagement with nature, and this in turn may benefit their health and comfort. Since people spend 80-90% of their time indoors, the indoor environment is very important for their health. Indoor plants are part of natural indoor environment, but their effect on the indoor environment and on humans has not been quantified. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the role and importance of indoor plants in human health and comfort according to the following four criteria: photosynthesis; transpiration; psychological effects; and purification. Photosynthesis and transpiration are important mechanisms for plants, and the basic functions maintaining the carbon and oxygen cycles in nature. Above all have potential inspiration to human's activities that people often ignored, for example, the application of solar panel, artificial photosynthesis, and green roof/facades were motivated by those functions. Indoor plants have also been shown to have indirect unconscious psychological effect on task performance, health, and levels of stress. Indoor plants can act as indoor air purifiers, they are an effective way to reduce pollutants indoor to reduce human exposure, and have been widely studied in this regard. Indoor plants have potential applications in other fields, including sensing, solar energy, acoustic, and people's health and comfort. Making full use of various effects in plants benefit human health and comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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