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Gao X, Yan D, Li G, Wei Y, He H, Zhai J. Polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of metabolic syndrome and comparison with the risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165773. [PMID: 37506918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) worldwide and no consistent results on PCBs and MetS. A meta-analysis to explore their relationship was conducted. Given the high correlation and overlap of MetS with diabetes, analysis of diabetes risk, was used as a supplement to compare with MetS. Seven studies included MetS, 15 studies for diabetes, and one study included both outcomes. It was found that PCBs may not be a risk factor for MetS, but their high heterogeneity indicates that they are under-represented. In addition, our results showed that total PCBs might be a protective factor against diabetes. In the whole blood subgroup, which can reflect the accumulation of more than one body load, heterogeneity was reduced, and its OR value suggested that PCBs increased the risk of MetS in the whole blood biomaterial. DL-PCBs were positively associated with MetS and diabetes, while NDL-PCBs were negatively associated with diabetes. In the subgroup analysis of PCBs homologs, DL-PCB-126 and DL-PCB-118 were risk factors for MetS and diabetes, respectively. In addition, PCB-153 and 180 showed a dose-response relationship between them and diabetes mellitus, respectively. The results of total analysis of MetS and diabetes mellitus and subgroup analysis of PCBs were mixed, and this reason might be attributed to the different mechanisms of action and effect sizes of different PCBs, so based on subgroup results and in vivo and in vitro experiments, we considered PCBs to be a risk factor for MetS and diabetes. Due to various reasons, there are still many shortcomings in the evaluation of PCBs impact on human health, and more high-quality research are needed to further explore the role of PCBs of different species and congeners in MetS and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, China
| | - Di Yan
- Department of Public Affairs Administration, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Heifei, China
| | - Guangying Li
- Department of Public Affairs Administration, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Heifei, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, China
| | - Huan He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, China
| | - Jinxia Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, China.
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Achour A, Derouiche A, Driss MR, Tebourbi O. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in adipose tissue of women from Grand Tunis and their association with demographic factors and dietary habits. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139600. [PMID: 37480958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and polychloronated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in 25 woman adipose tissues collected in 2016 from Grand Tunis, Tunisia. p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, HCB and β-HCH were the dominant organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in decreasing order in all samples. The total OCP levels varied from 79 to 343 ng g-1 lipid with a median value of 189 ng g-1 lipid and DDTs contributed approximately 88% to sum OCP. The ratio of p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE across all samples is below one, which suggests mainly historic exposure but may indicate some recent exposure to the banned pesticide. The median concentration of PCBs was 109 ng g-1 lipid and ranged between 27 and 204 ng g-1 lipid. PCB-153, PCB-180, PCB-138 and PCB-170 were the most abundant congeners, which contributed about 78% of the total PCBs. Spearman analysis showed that dominant organochlorine compounds (OCs) are highly positive correlated except for PCB-28/31, indicating that women from Tunis are exposed via similar routes. Inhalation exposure could be a possible pathway for the uptake of the less chlorinated congeners. We found positive and statistically significant association with subjects age for HCB (r = 0.517; p = 0.009) and PCBs (r = 0.65; p = 0.001) levels and a weak age-dependent accumulation was found for HCHs (r = 0.375; p = 0.065) and DDTs (r = 0.388; p = 0.056). The concentrations of OC subgroups were not associated with BMI, parity and residence. No association was observed between fish, red/white meat, milk and dairy products consumption and levels of HCB, HCHs and PCBs. DDTs levels were significantly correlated only with milk (p = 0.048) and milk products (p = 0.047) intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Achour
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelkader Derouiche
- Laboratory of Hetero-organic Compounds and Nanostructural Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Hetero-organic Compounds and Nanostructural Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, 7021, Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
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Cannarella R, Gül M, Rambhatla A, Agarwal A. Temporal decline of sperm concentration: role of endocrine disruptors. Endocrine 2023; 79:1-16. [PMID: 36194343 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male infertility is a widespread disease with an etiology that is not always clear. A number of studies have reported a decrease in sperm production in the last forty years. Although the reasons are still undefined, the change in environmental conditions and the higher exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), namely bisphenol A, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl esters, dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene, pesticides, and herbicides, organophosphates, and heavy metals, starting from prenatal life may represent a possible factor justifying the temporal decline in sperm count. AIM The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the effects of the exposure to EDCs on testicular development, spermatogenesis, the prevalence of malformations of the male genital tract (cryptorchidism, testicular dysgenesis, and hypospadias), testicular tumor, and the mechanisms of testicular EDC-mediated damage. NARRATIVE REVIEW Animal studies confirm the deleterious impact of EDCs on the male reproductive apparatus. EDCs can compromise male fertility by binding to hormone receptors, dysregulating the expression of receptors, disrupting steroidogenesis and hormonal metabolism, and altering the epigenetic mechanisms. In humans, exposure to EDCs has been associated with poor semen quality, increased sperm DNA fragmentation, increased gonadotropin levels, a slightly increased risk of structural abnormalities of the genital apparatus, such as cryptorchidism and hypospadias, and development of testicular tumor. Finally, maternal exposure to EDCs seems to predispose to the risk of developing testicular tumors. CONCLUSION EDCs negatively impact the testicular function, as suggested by evidence in both experimental animals and humans. A prenatal and postnatal increase to EDC exposure compared to the past may likely represent one of the factors leading to the temporal decline in sperm counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Cannarella
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Murat Gül
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine (Virtual Research), Global Andrology Forum, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Salcedo-Bellido I, Amaya E, Pérez-Díaz C, Soler A, Vela-Soria F, Requena P, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Echeverría R, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Quesada-Jiménez R, Martín-Olmedo P, Arrebola JP. Differential Bioaccumulation Patterns of α, β-Hexachlorobenzene and Dicofol in Adipose Tissue from the GraMo Cohort (Southern Spain). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3344. [PMID: 35329028 PMCID: PMC8954870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To identify bioaccumulation patterns of α-, β- hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dicofol in relation to sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors, adipose tissue samples of 387 subjects from GraMo cohort in Southern Spain were analyzed. Potential predictors of these organochlorine pesticides (OCP) levels were collected by face-to-face interviews and assessed by multivariable linear and logistic regression. OCPs were detected in 84.2% (β-HCH), 21.7% (α-HCH), and 19.6% (dicofol) of the population. β-HCH levels were positively related to age, body mass index (BMI), mother's occupation in agriculture during pregnancy, living in Poniente and Alpujarras, white fish, milk and water consumption, and negatively related to being male, living near to an agricultural area, working ≥10 years in agriculture, and beer consumption. Detectable α-HCH levels were positively related to age, BMI, milk consumption, mother's occupation in agriculture during pregnancy, and negatively with residence in Poniente and Alpujarras, Granada city, and Granada Metropolitan Area. Residence near to an agricultural area, smoking habit, white fish and water consumption, and living in Poniente and Alpujarras, Granada city and Granada Metropolitan Area were negatively associated with detectable dicofol levels. Our study revealed different bioaccumulation patterns of α, β-HCH and dicofol, probably due to their dissimilar period of use, and emphasize the need for assessing the exposure to frequently overlooked pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Esperanza Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Celia Pérez-Díaz
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Anabel Soler
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
| | - Fernando Vela-Soria
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Ruth Echeverría
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
| | - Francisco M. Pérez-Carrascosa
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Quesada-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
| | - Piedad Martín-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (I.S.-B.); (C.P.-D.); (A.S.); (P.R.); (R.B.-R.); (R.E.); (F.M.P.-C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain; (E.A.); (F.V.-S.); (R.Q.-J.); (P.M.-O.)
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Sousa S, Maia ML, Delerue-Matos C, Calhau C, Domingues VF. The role of adipose tissue analysis on Environmental Pollutants Biomonitoring in women: The European scenario. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150922. [PMID: 34655625 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed every day to assorted environmental pollutants namely, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organochlorine pesticides (OCP), brominated flame-retardants (BFR), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), synthetic musks, heavy metals (e.g. cadmium) and plastic additives (e.g. bisphenol A, BPA). Besides environmental persistence, biomagnification and bioaccumulative properties, these pollutants are classified as endocrine disruptors (EDs), metabolic disruptors, neurologic disruptors. These compounds affect the normal function of several mechanisms in the human body being linked to human health issues as cancer development (e.g. breast, uterine and endometrial), miscarriage, birth defects, premature delivery and infertility. In order to prevent future health issue of women and possible progeny, the assessment of EDs accumulated is essential, particularly in adipose tissue. These samples have been referred as the ideal matrix to establish over time accumulation and long-term exposure of persistent and non-persistent lipophilic EDs. However, the invasive sample collection procedure and methodology processing discourages the usage of this matrix for biomonitoring studies. In this review, a Web of Science search without any publishing year restriction on the analysis in adipose tissue of PCB, OCP, BPA, cadmium, BFR and synthetic musks was performed. A total of 313 studies were found, 158 were European studies from which the studies with data on women EDs accumulation were selected for detailed analysis (n = 90). The results were structured and presented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The present paper is an overview on the existent EDs analytical methods and levels accumulated in women adipose tissue, with the correspondent health implications across Europe. The limits of detection and quantification were compared and a discussion with results obtained about the presence of ED was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sousa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Luz Maia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Nutrição e Metabolismo NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Valentina F Domingues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV-GRAQ, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
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Company-Morales M, Casadó L, Zafra Aparici E, Rubio Jiménez MF, Fontalba-Navas A. The Sound of Silence: Unspoken Meaning in the Discourse of Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women on Environmental Risks and Food Safety in Spain. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030593. [PMID: 35276954 PMCID: PMC8838824 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In recent years, a growing number of qualitative health research studies have performed discourse analysis of data from participants’ narratives. However, little attention has been paid to the gaps and silences within these narratives. The aim of the present study is to interpret the silences detected in the discourse of pregnant and breastfeeding women concerning environmental risks and food safety. (2) Methods: This descriptive, interpretive, observational study was conducted according to a qualitative research paradigm and from a phenomenological and ethnographic perspective. The study sample was composed of 88 intentionally selected women, among whom fifty interviews, three ethnographies and five focus groups were conducted. Data coding and analysis were performed using N-Vivo 12 software. (3) Results: The results obtained show that the women’s discourse presented silences that reflected their minimisation of perceived environmental and food risks. However, these women were wary of food produced in the proximity of contaminated areas. Nevertheless, the participants believed they were powerless to overcome environmental pollution and the potential contamination of their own bodies. (4) Conclusions: The participants’ minimisation of the environmental risks faced and their inaction in this respect are sustained by the biopolitical practices of public institutions, which have propelled these women into a situation of learned helplessness and social injustice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Company-Morales
- Seron Primary Care Center, Northern Almería Integrated Healthcare Area, 04600 Huercal-Overa, Almeria, Spain;
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 La Cañada, Almeria, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Lina Casadó
- Department of Nursing, Medical Anthropology Research Centre (MARC), University Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Eva Zafra Aparici
- Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, University Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain;
| | | | - Andrés Fontalba-Navas
- Antequera Hospital, Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare Area, 29200 Antequera, Malaga, Spain;
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Malaga, Spain
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Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Gómez-Peña C, Echeverría R, Jiménez Moleón JJ, Manuel Melchor J, García-Ruiz A, Navarro-Espigares JL, Cabeza-Barrera J, Martin-Olmedo P, Ortigosa-García JC, Arrebola JP. Historical exposure to persistent organic pollutants and cardiovascular disease: A 15-year longitudinal analysis focused on pharmaceutical consumption in primary care. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106734. [PMID: 34224998 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite restrictions on their production and use, most of the population is still exposed to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). These chemicals are thought to contribute to the aetiology of highly prevalent chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), although current evidences are still controversial. OBJECTIVES To explore the potential contribution of historical POP exposure to 15-year pharmaceutical consumption in relation to CVD. METHODS This study is framed within GraMo adult cohort. Participants (n = 387) were recruited in two hospitals in Granada province, Southern Spain (2003-2004). Historical exposure to 5 OCPs and 3 non-dioxine-like PCBs was estimated by analysing adipose tissue concentrations at recruitment. Pharmaceutical consumption from recruitment until year 2017 was quantified by reviewing dispensation databases. Average consumption increase (ACI) in CVD medication was calculated by subtracting average consumption in 2002 to the average yearly consumption during follow-up. ACI was expressed as Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/year units. Data analyses were carried out using a multivariable multinomial logistic regression and weighted quantile sum regression (WQS), with ACI categorized in quartiles (Q) as the dependent variable. RESULTS Concentrations of most pollutants showed a positive trend with the quartiles of ACI. Particularly, PCB-153 showed increasing and statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) for Q2 (OR: 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.52), Q3 (OR: 1.49, 95 %CI: 1.17-1.88) and Q4 (OR: 1.42, 95 %CI: 1.13-1.78) vs Q1. Similarly, beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) also showed increasing ORs, that reached statistical significance in Q4 (OR: 1.36, 95 %CI: 1.06-1.74) vs Q1. These findings were corroborated by WQS analyses, that revealed a significant mixture effect, predominantly accounted for by PCB-153 and β-HCH. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that long-term POP exposure might represent a modifiable risk factor for CVD. These findings are relevant for public health campaigns and management, since pharmaceutical consumption is considered an indicator of both morbidity and health expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Miguel Pérez-Carrascosa
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
| | - Ruth Echeverría
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - José Juan Jiménez Moleón
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Melchor
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Departamento de estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Excelencia Modeling Nature, MNat, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ruiz
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - José Luis Navarro-Espigares
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Economía Internacional y de España, Granada, Spain; Dirección Económica y Servicios Generales, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - José Cabeza-Barrera
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos Ortigosa-García
- Unidad de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Donat-Vargas C, Perez-Carrascosa F, Gomez-Peña C, Mustieles V, Salcedo-Bellido I, Frederiksen H, Åkesson A, Arrebola JP. Associations of serum phthalate metabolites with thyroid hormones in GraMo cohort, Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117606. [PMID: 34426375 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The general population is continuously exposed to phthalates via various consumer products. Epidemiological research relating phthalate exposure to thyroid function during non-developmental periods is limited. This study aimed to investigate the associations between specific serum phthalate metabolites and indicators of thyroid function in adults. We measured 10 serum phthalate metabolites and thyroid hormones - total triiodothyronine (TT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) - in a subsample of 207 adults from the GraMo cohort. This subsample was made up of men and women (in equal proportions) of middle age (49 ± 17 years) and from Southern Spain (province of Granada). Data on age, sex, body mass index, residence area, tobacco use, alcohol consumption and attained education were obtained from a questionnaire. Phthalate metabolites were log-transformed and categorized into tertiles. Cross-sectional associations of each metabolite with thyroid hormones were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted linear regression models. The mixture effect of metabolite phthalates was assessed using weighted quantile sum regression. After multivariable-adjustment, the following phthalate metabolites were significantly associated with TT3 in a dose-response manner: MMP (β = 0.90: 95% confidence interval 0.68,1.12), MEP (β = 0.67: 0.44, 0.90), MiBP (β = 0.49: 0.21, 0.77), MiDP (β = 0.27: 0.03, 0.52), MBzP (β = 0.51: 0.28, 0.73), MEHP (β = -0.59: -0.82, -0.35) and MiNP (β = -0.43: -0.71, -0.14), when comparing highest vs. lowest exposed. The sum of all metabolites was also linked to FT4 levels. No significant associations were observed for TSH except for MiNP. Although phthalate metabolites with different molecular weight showed opposite associations, overall metabolite concentrations seem to associate with increased TT3 and FT4 serum levels. The cross-sectional nature of this analysis limits causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- IMDEA-Food Institute. CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Carrascosa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Mustieles
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain.
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9
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Rodríguez-Pérez C, Gómez-Peña C, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Vrhovnik P, Echeverría R, Salcedo-Bellido I, Mustieles V, Željka F, Arrebola JP. Trace elements concentration in adipose tissue and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective adult cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117496. [PMID: 34438482 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the associations of adipose tissue trace element concentrations with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) incidence over a 16-year follow-up period in an adult cohort from Southern Spain. 16-year T2DM incidence was gathered from hospital records. Chemical analyses of Cr, V, Zn, Fe, Cu and Se in adipose tissue were performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox-regression models were used. Complementary cross-sectional analyses with markers of glucose homeostasis at recruitment were performed by multivariable linear regression. Out of 214 participants, 39 developed T2DM during the follow-up. Adipose tissue concentrations of Fe (HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 0.99 to 2.58, p = 0.057), Cr (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.07-2.33, p = 0.022) and Cu (HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.01-2.58, p = 0.046) were individually associated with T2DM incidence. When Fe, Cr and Cu were simultaneously entered in a model, only Cr was significantly associated with T2DM incidence (HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.02-2.76, p = 0.041). Furthermore, adipose tissue V (β = 0.283, p = 0.004) and Zn (β = 0.217, p = 0.028) concentrations were positively associated with β-pancreatic cell function (HOMA-β), while Se showed an inverse association (β = -0.049, p = 0.027). Although further research is warranted on the potential mechanisms of action, our results suggest that adipose tissue concentrations of certain trace elements (particularly Fe, Cr and Cu) are associated with the risk of incident T2DM, while V and Zn might have a protective effect. These biomarkers might complement prediction algorithms and contribute to identify patients with an increased risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Melilla, Spain; I Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos 'José Mataix', Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Pérez-Carrascosa
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Petra Vrhovnik
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG), Ljubjana, Slovenia
| | - Ruth Echeverría
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Fiket Željka
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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10
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Barrios-Rodríguez R, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Gómez-Peña C, Mustieles V, Salcedo-Bellido I, Requena P, Martín-Olmedo P, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Arrebola JP. Associations of accumulated selected persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue with insulin sensitivity and risk of incident type-2 diabetes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106607. [PMID: 33971459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuous exposure to low doses of persistent organic pollutant (POPs), such as those occurring in the general population, might contribute to the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, evidences from longitudinal studies are scarce. We aimed to explore the associations of accumulated POP exposure with the development of T2DM by means of 1) longitudinal associations with the 16-year incidence of the disease, and 2) complementary cross-sectional analyses with markers of glucose homeostasis at recruitment. Organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were analyzed in adipose tissue samples and incident T2DM cases were retrieved from clinical records. Homeostatic model assessment values of insulin sensitivity/resistance and β-cell function at recruitment were calculated. Linear and Cox-regression models were performed. In individuals with normal weight/overweight (n = 293), we observed positive dose-response relationships between the studied POPs and T2DM risk, particularly for hexachlorobenzene (HCB) [hazard ratio (HR): 3.96 for 4th quartile versus 1st quartile (Q1); confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.79, 19.71]. PCB-180 showed a positive but seemingly non-linear association with T2DM risk [HR of 3er quartile (Q3) versus Q1: 6.48; CI 95%: 0.82, 51.29]. Unadjustment for body mass index considerably increased the magnitude of the associations. In the cross-sectional study (n = 180), HCB and PCB-180 were inversely associated with insulin sensitivity and positively associated with insulin resistance parameters. Our results suggest that a higher burden of specific POPs in adipose tissue may disrupt glucose homeostasis, possibly contributing to increase T2DM risk, especially in non-obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisco M Pérez-Carrascosa
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Department of Pharmacy, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Pilar Requena
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain.
| | - Piedad Martín-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain.
| | - José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
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11
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Salcedo-Bellido I, Gómez-Peña C, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Vrhovnik P, Mustieles V, Echeverría R, Fiket Ž, Pérez-Díaz C, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Arrebola JP. Adipose tissue cadmium concentrations as a potential risk factor for insulin resistance and future type 2 diabetes mellitus in GraMo adult cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146359. [PMID: 34030321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue has been recently highlighted as a promising matrix for evaluation of cadmium's (Cd) long-term exposure although not frequently considered in epidemiological studies. The association between Cd exposure and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. This work aimed to explore the association between adipose tissue Cd levels and T2DM incidence over a 16-year follow-up in an adult cohort from Southern Spain considering smoking status. We also performed complementary cross-sectional analyses focused on subclinical markers of glucose homeostasis at recruitment. Clinical information was obtained from hospital databases. Socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle and diet were collected by face-to-face interviews. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values of insulin sensitivity/resistance and β-cell function were calculated using fasting serum glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels at recruitment. Adipose tissue Cd concentrations were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Statistical analyses were performed by means of Cox-regression and multivariable linear regression models. Participants in the 4th quartile (Q4) of Cd concentrations showed a non statistically-significant increased T2DM risk (Hazard Ratio (HR) Q4 vs Q1: 1.97; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.69, 5.66). This association was particularly strong and suggestive in current smokers (HR: 2.19; 95% CI: 0.98, 4.98). Interestingly, smokers in the 2nd tertile (T2) of adipose tissue Cd levels showed increased log-transformed insulin resistance (beta T2 vs T1: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.97), as well as higher log-transformed insulin levels (beta T2 vs T1: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.95). We found evidences supporting that Cd exposure, particularly from tobacco smoking, could be a risk factor for T2DM. In addition, our results support the potential relevance of adipose tissue as a matrix for Cd exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Pérez-Carrascosa
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Petra Vrhovnik
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain
| | - Ruth Echeverría
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Željka Fiket
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Celia Pérez-Díaz
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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12
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Mustieles V, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, León J, Lange T, Bonde JP, Gómez-Peña C, Artacho-Cordón F, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Olmedo-Requena R, Expósito J, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Arrebola JP. Adipose Tissue Redox Microenvironment as a Potential Link between Persistent Organic Pollutants and the 16-Year Incidence of Non-hormone-Dependent Cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9926-9937. [PMID: 34180659 PMCID: PMC8474112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the relationships among the adipose tissue's (AT) oxidative microenvironment, in situ accumulated persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations, and cancer development. POP and oxidative stress levels were quantified in AT samples from 382 adults recruited within the GraMo cohort (2003-2004) in Granada (Spain). The 16-year cancer incidence was ascertained by reviewing health/administrative databases. Cox-regression models and mediation analyses were performed. The enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GRd) were positively associated with the risk of non-hormone-dependent (NHD) cancer [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.76; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17, 2.64 and HR 2.35; 95% CI: 1.41, 3.94, respectively]. After adjustment for covariates, polychlorinated biphenyl-138 (PCB-138) (HR 1.78; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.09), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) (HR 1.70; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.64), and hexachlorobenzene (HR 1.54; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.33) were also positively associated with the risk of NHD cancer. Although confidence intervals included the null value, probably because of the modest number of cancer cases, we observed a potential mediation effect of SOD and GRd on the associations between β-HCH and the risk of NHD tumors (percent mediated = 33 and 47%, respectively). Our results highlight the relevance of human AT's oxidative microenvironment as a predictor of future cancer risk as well as its potential mediating role on POP-related carcinogenesis. Given their novelty, these findings should be interpreted with caution and confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Mustieles
- Center
for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University
of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University
of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Pérez-Carrascosa
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Radiotherapy
and Oncology Department, University Hospital
Virgen de las Nieves Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Unidad
de
Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Theis Lange
- Section
of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens-Peter Bonde
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23F, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Unidad
de
Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University
of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva
y Salud Pública, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Olmedo-Requena
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva
y Salud Pública, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - José Expósito
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Radiotherapy
and Oncology Department, University Hospital
Virgen de las Nieves Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - José J. Jiménez-Moleón
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva
y Salud Pública, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan P. Arrebola
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología
y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Universidad
de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva
y Salud Pública, 18016 Granada, Spain
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13
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Perception and Demands of Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Regarding Their Role as Participants in Environmental Research Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084149. [PMID: 33919934 PMCID: PMC8070940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A significant proportion of scientific studies consider pregnant and breastfeeding women as vulnerable subjects. The objective of this study was to analyse the perception of pregnant and breastfeeding women regarding their participation in environmental research studies. Our work is a descriptive and interpretative observational study that has been developed under the qualitative research paradigm following a phenomenological and ethnographic perspective. The study involved 173 women selected intentionally in two Spanish autonomous communities. To obtain the primary data, we relied upon 111 interviews, four focused ethnographies and eight focus groups. The data encoding and analysis was carried out with the help of NVivo 12 software (QSR International, Boston, MA, USA). We evidenced the need of pregnant and breastfeeding women for more detailed and accurate information on the risk of environmental pollutant exposure during their crucial life stage. In addition, these women claimed for a more participatory role in research studies. Pregnant and breastfeeding women in Spain ask for greater interaction with researchers and propose a dialogical relationship between valid partners. We conclude that our pregnant and breastfeeding women claim more research focused on their collective, as well as clearer, more accessible and structured information on the risks of exposure to environmental contaminants. In addition, they do not want to simply be informants; rather, they ask to be active and empowered members by providing their opinions and arguments throughout the research process.
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14
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Yu C, Wen Q, Ren Q, Du Y, Xie X. Polychlorinated biphenyl congener 180 (PCB 180) regulates mitotic clonal expansion and enhances adipogenesis through modulation of C/EBPβ SUMOylation in preadipocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112205. [PMID: 33864839 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PCB 180 is a typical non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (NDL-PCB). It is one of the most prevalent PCB-congeners found in human adipose tissue. However, the role of PCB 180 in obesity remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the adipogenic effect and mechanism of PCB 180. Significant enhancement in adipogenesis was observed when differentiating murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or human preadipocytes-visceral (HPA-v) that were exposed to PCB 180. Furthermore, exposure to PCB 180 during the first two days was critical to the adipogenic effect. According to results from sequential cell cycle analyses, cell counting, BrdU incorporation, and cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and p27 protein quantification, PCB 180 was found to enhance mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) during early adipogenic differentiation. Molecular mechanistic investigation revealed that PCB 180 promoted accumulation of the C/EBPβ protein, a key regulator that controls MCE. Finally, it was found that PCB 180 mitigated degradation of the C/EBPβ protein by repressing the SUMOylation and subsequent ubiquitination of C/EBPβ by the upregulation of SENP2. In summary, it was shown for the first time that PCB 180 facilitated adipogenesis by alleviating C/EBPβ protein SUMOylation. This result provides novel evidence regarding obesogenic effect of PCB 180.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemical Sciences and College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemical Sciences and College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qidong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemical Sciences and College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemical Sciences and College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xinni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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15
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Galbán-Velázquez S, Esteban J, Çakmak G, Artacho-Cordón F, León J, Barril J, Vela-Soria F, Martin-Olmedo P, Fernandez MF, Pellín MC, Arrebola JP. Associations of persistent organic pollutants in human adipose tissue with retinoid levels and their relevance to the redox microenvironment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110764. [PMID: 33497679 PMCID: PMC8127078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a myriad of chemical substances in both occupational and environmental settings. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have drawn attention for their adverse effects including cancer and endocrine disruption. Herein, the objectives were 1) to describe serum and adipose tissue retinol levels, along with serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) concentrations, and 2) to assess the associations of adipose tissue POP levels with these retinoid parameters, as well as their potential interaction with the previously-observed POP-related disruption of redox microenvironment. Retinol was measured in both serum and adipose tissue along with RBP4 levels in serum samples of 236 participants of the GraMo adult cohort. Associations were explored by multivariable linear regression analyses and Weighted Quantile Sum regression. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 180, 153 and 138 were related to decreased adipose tissue retinol levels and increased serum RBP4/retinol ratio. Dicofol concentrations > limit of detection were associated with decreased retinol levels in serum and adipose tissue. Additionally, increased adipose tissue retinol levels were linked to an attenuation in previously-reported associations of adipose tissue PCB-153 with in situ superoxide dismutase activity. Our results revealed a suggestive link between retinoids, PCBs and redox microenvironment, potentially relevant for both mechanistic and public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Esteban
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain.
| | - Gonca Çakmak
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Barril
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | | | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - M Cruz Pellín
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Spain
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16
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Simhadri JJ, Loffredo CA, Trnovec T, Murinova LP, Nunlee-Bland G, Koppe JG, Schoeters G, Jana SS, Ghosh S. Biomarkers of metabolic disorders and neurobehavioral diseases in a PCB- exposed population: What we learned and the implications for future research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110211. [PMID: 32937175 PMCID: PMC7658018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the original twelve classes of toxic chemicals covered by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP), an international environmental treaty signed in 2001. PCBs are present in the environment as mixtures of multiple isomers at different degree of chlorination. These compounds are manmade and possess useful industrial properties including extreme longevity under harsh conditions, heat absorbance, and the ability to form an oily liquid at room temperature that is useful for electrical utilities and in other industrial applications. They have been widely used for a wide range of industrial purposes over the decades. Despite a ban in production in 1979 in the US and many other countries, they remain persistent and ubiquitous in environment as contaminants due to their improper disposal. Humans, independent of where they live, are therefore exposed to PCBs, which are routinely found in random surveys of human and animal tissues. The prolonged exposures to PCBs have been associated with the development of different diseases and disorders, and they are classified as endocrine disruptors. Due to its ability to interact with thyroid hormone, metabolism and function, they are thought to be implicated in the global rise of obesity diabetes, and their potential toxicity for neurodevelopment and disorders, an example of gene by environmental interaction (GxE). The current review is primarily intended to summarize the evidence for the association of PCB exposures with increased risks for metabolic dysfunctions and neurobehavioral disorders. In particular, we present evidence of gene expression alterations in PCB-exposed populations to construct the underlying pathways that may lead to those diseases and disorders in course of life. We conclude the review with future perspectives on biomarker-based research to identify susceptible individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothirmai J Simhadri
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Departments of Oncology and of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tomas Trnovec
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Janna G Koppe
- Department of Pediatrics, EKZ-AMC, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium & Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
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17
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Artacho-Cordón F, Ríos-Arrabal S, León J, Frederiksen H, Sáenz JM, Martín-Olmedo P, Fernández MF, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Adipose tissue concentrations of non-persistent environmental phenols and local redox balance in adults from Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105118. [PMID: 31610369 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the associations of environmental phenol and paraben concentrations with the oxidative microenvironment in adipose tissue. This study was conducted in a subsample (n = 144) of the GraMo cohort (Southern Spain). Concentrations of 9 phenols and 7 parabens, and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified in adipose tissue. Associations were estimated using multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) concentration was borderline associated with enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity [exp(β) = 1.20, p = 0.060] and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) [exp(β) = 0.55, p = 0.070]. Concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and methylparaben (MeP) were associated to lower glutathione reductase (GRd) activity [exp(β) = 0.83, exp(β) = 0.72, respectively], and BPA was borderline associated to increased levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) [exp(β) = 1.73, p-value = 0.062]. MeP was inversely associated to both hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismustase (SOD) activity, as well as to the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) [0.75 < exp(β) < 0.79]. Our results suggest that some specific non-persistent pollutants may be associated with a disruption of the activity of relevant antioxidant enzymes, in addition to the depletion of the glutathione stock. They might act as a tissue-specific source of free radicals, contributing to the oxidative microenvironment in the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Ríos-Arrabal
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - J León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - H Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for research and research training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - P Martín-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - M F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, 18016 Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of Granada, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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18
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Mahfouz Y, Salameh P, Matta J, Helou K, Narbonne JF. Patterns of PCBs and OCPs exposure in a sample of Lebanese adults: The role of diet and physical activity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108789. [PMID: 31726307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the general population is 90% from food intake. Dietary patterns provide a global estimation of exposure to POPs, taking into account multiple food sources of environmental contaminants. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of dietary, socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle-related variables with clusters of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), in a sample of students and employees of Saint Joseph University of Beirut. METHODS A total of 302 participants were randomly recruited. Questionnaires covering dietary, socio-demographic, and lifestyle-related characteristics were administered. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Serum concentrations of six indicator PCBs (PCB 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180) and four OCPs, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexanes (β-HCH), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolite p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were measured, and cluster analysis was applied. We evaluated the association of dietary intake with PCBs/OCPs exposure using two different approaches: food consumption categories and dietary patterns retrieved from principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS Three clusters of PCBs/OCPs were obtained: middle-level, high-level, and low-level. Practicing physical activity was associated with a three times higher risk of having high-level PCBs/OCPs, after adjustment for confounding variables (ORa = 2.97; CI = 1.23-7.19; p < 0.05). The highest tertile of fish and shellfish consumption increased by three-folds the odds of having high-level PCBs/OCPs (ORa = 3.41; CI = 1.07-10.84; p < 0.05). PCA revealed six dietary patterns. A "cereals, fats and oils, and eggs" dietary pattern was associated with 50% increase in the risk of having high-level PCBs/OCPs (ORa = 1.48; CI = 1.03-2.13; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The present results offer a valuable contribution to the understanding of the factors increasing exposure to POPs, namely fish consumption and the "cereals, fats and oils, and eggs" dietary pattern. We also demonstrated that physical activity was positively associated with a higher risk of exposure to PCBs and OCPs, knowing that data on this matter are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
| | - Joseph Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon; Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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19
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León J, Sáenz JM, Artacho-Cordón F, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Salamanca-Fernández E, Gómez-Peña C, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Contribution of sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle and dietary characteristics to the oxidative stress microenvironment in adipose tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:52-62. [PMID: 31102949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conceived on the basis of the few previous reports suggesting a potential relevance of the oxidative stress microenvironment in the adipose tissue, a biological matrix which is closely related to the development of several chronic pathologies. Thus, our aim was to describe the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and markers of oxidative damage in adipose tissue samples from a Spanish cohort, as well as their main sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary predictors. The study was conducted in a subsample (n = 271 adults) of GraMo cohort, recruited in Granada (Southern Spain). A face-to-face questionnaire was used to gather data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, dietary habits, health status, and perceived exposure to chemicals. We analyzed adipose tissue levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activity, and glutathione cycle biomarkers. Potential predictors of oxidative stress markers were assessed using stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses. SOD and TBARS levels were mainly related to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, while the components of the glutathione cycle and HO-1 were predominantly associated with dietary habits. Men showed significantly lower levels of oxidative stress levels than women. In the regression models including only women, the use of oral contraceptive and hormonal therapy was associated with lower levels of oxidative stress, while the number of children was positively associated with increased oxidative biomarkers. Our results suggest that adipose tissue is potentially important matrix for the assessment of oxidative stress, which can be affected by specific environmental factors. These findings might be relevant for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain
| | - José M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
| | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Salamanca-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Spain.
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20
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Xi Z, Fang L, Xu J, Li B, Zuo Z, Lv L, Wang C. Exposure to Aroclor 1254 persistently suppresses the functions of pancreatic β-cells and deteriorates glucose homeostasis in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:822-830. [PMID: 30953944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that have been shown to be related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nevertheless, it is necessary to further explore the development of T2DM caused by PCBs and its underlying mechanisms. In the present study, 21-day-old C57BL/6 male mice were orally treated with Aroclor 1254 (0.5, 5, 50 or 500 μg kg-1) once every three days. After exposure for 66 d, the mice showed impaired glucose tolerance, 13% and 14% increased fasting serum insulin levels (FSIL), and 63% and 69% increases of the pancreatic β-cell mass in the 50 and 500 μg kg-1 groups, respectively. After stopping exposure for 90 d, treated mice returned to normoglycemia and normal FSIL. After re-exposure of these recovered mice to Aroclor 1254 for 30 d, fasting plasma glucose showed 15%, 28% and 16% increase in the 5, 50 and 500 μg kg-1 treatments, FSIL exhibited 35%, 27%, 30% and 32% decrease in the 0.5, 5, 50 or 500 μg kg-1 groups respectively, and there was no change in pancreatic β-cell mass. Transcription of the pancreatic insulin gene (Ins2) was significantly down-regulated in the 50 and 500 μg kg-1 groups, while DNA-methylation levels were simultaneously increased in the Ins2 promoter during the course of exposure, recovery and re-exposure. Reduced insulin levels were initially rescued by a compensative increase in β-cell mass. However, β-cell mass eventually failed to make sufficient levels of insulin, resulting in significant increases in fasting blood glucose, and indicating the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Bingshui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Liangju Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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21
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Zhao X, Qiu Y, Jiang L, Li Y. Analysis of Affinity Energy Between Biphenyl Dioxygenase and Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using Molecular Docking. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Artacho-Cordón F, Fernández MF, Frederiksen H, Iribarne-Durán LM, Jiménez-Díaz I, Vela-Soria F, Andersson AM, Martin-Olmedo P, Peinado FM, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Environmental phenols and parabens in adipose tissue from hospitalized adults in Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 119:203-211. [PMID: 29980043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Urinary concentrations of non-persistent environmental pollutants (npEPs) are widely assessed in biomonitoring studies under the assumption that they are metabolised and eliminated in urine. However, some of these chemicals are moderately lipophilic, and their presence in other biological matrices should also be evaluated to estimate mid/long-term exposure to npEPs and its impact on human health. The present study aims to explore concentrations and potential determinants of npEPs in adipose tissue from a hospital-based adult cohort (GraMo cohort, Southern Spain). Concentrations of bisphenol-A (BPA), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), triclosan (TCS), three chlorophenols (2,4-DCP, 2,5-DCP and 2,4,5-TCP) and two phenylphenols (2-PP and 4-PP), triclocarban (TCCB) and parabens [methyl- (MeP), ethyl- (EtP), propyl- (n-PrP and i-PrP), butyl- (n-BuP and i-BuP) and benzyl-paraben (BzP)] were analysed in adipose tissue samples from a subcohort of 144 participants. Spearman correlation tests were performed, followed by stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses to assess determinants of the exposure. Detection frequencies and median concentrations were: BPA (86.8%, 0.54 ng/g tissue), BP-3 (79.2%, 0.60 ng/g tissue), TCS (45.8%, <LOD), 2-PP (18.8%, <LOD), MeP (100.0%, 0.40 ng/g tissue), EtP (20.1%, <LOD) and n-PrP (54.2%, 0.06 ng/g tissue). The remaining npEPs were detected in <10% of the samples. BPA, MeP, EtP and n-PrP levels were significantly and positively correlated, while BP-3 showed a positive correlation with TCS and 2-PP. Older participants showed higher concentrations of TCS and MeP, while BMI was inversely associated with most of the analysed compounds and perceived recent weight loss was inversely associated with 2-PP. Female participants and residents of rural areas had increased BP-3 concentrations. npEP concentrations were positively associated with the consumption of fatty food but negatively associated with the consumption of vegetables and fruit. This study reveals the widespread presence of numerous npEPs in adipose tissue from adults in southern Spain, suggesting a generalized distribution of these environmental compounds in fatty tissues. In these adults, many of the determinants of npEP concentrations in adipose tissue were similar to those of more lipophilic and persistent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain.
| | - M F Fernández
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - H Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L M Iribarne-Durán
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain
| | - I Jiménez-Díaz
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - F Vela-Soria
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - A M Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - F M Peinado
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain
| | - N Olea
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
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23
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Arrebola JP, Castaño A, Esteban M, Bartolomé M, Pérez-Gómez B, Ramos JJ. Differential contribution of animal and vegetable food items on persistent organic pollutant serum concentrations in Spanish adults. Data from BIOAMBIENT.ES project. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:235-242. [PMID: 29627546 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Diet is considered the main source of Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exposure in the general population, although there are still several gaps of knowledge regarding the differential contribution of main food groups. The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns that contribute to human exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Study population (n=1880, 18-65years old) was recruited during 2009-2010 in all the main geographical areas of Spain. For this work, exposure was estimated by chemical analyses of serum levels of 6 PCBs (n=1880), 13 OCPs (n=934), and 6 (PFASs) in a subsample of 755 (n=755). Dietary habits and covariates were gathered via self-administered questionnaires. Data analyses were performed by means of multivariable linear regression and weighted quantile sum regression. Both the consumption of animal-based and plant-based food were positively associated with the individual concentrations of p,p´-DDE, hexachlorobenzene, and PCB-congeners -138, -153, and-180. The contribution of animal-based products was 2.1-4.0× stronger except in p,p´-DDE, to which both patterns had similar contributions. In PFASs only animal food was positively associated with the exposure levels. The main animal-based contributors to PCB exposure were fish (49-64%) and eggs (19-36%), while OCP concentrations were mainly influenced by dairy products (32-48%) and fish (47-48%). PFOA and PFHxS were mainly explained by cold-meat (34-37%), fish (25-26%), and eggs (19-21%), while PFOS and PFDA were primarily influenced by fish consumption (44-77%). In the case of plant-based items, fruits (25-82%) and vegetables (18-63%) accounted for the majority of the variability of PCB and OCP concentrations. Our results highlight the relevance of dietary POP exposure as well as the need for the consideration of nutritional interventions in public health programs aiming to reduce POP exposure in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Esteban
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Bartolomé
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Ramos
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Donat-Vargas C, Åkesson A, Tornevi A, Wennberg M, Sommar J, Kiviranta H, Rantakokko P, Bergdahl IA. Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Plasma, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension in a Longitudinal Study. Hypertension 2018; 71:1258-1268. [PMID: 29712742 PMCID: PMC5959216 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) have shown to be involved in the atherosclerotic process and to cause endothelial cell dysfunction. To assess longitudinally whether plasma concentrations of different POPs were associated with blood pressure and risk of hypertension in middle-aged women and men. Study subjects were 850 participants in the VIP (Västerbotten Intervention Programme) with 2 blood samples and blood pressure measurements, 10 years apart, during 1990 to 2003 (baseline) and during 2000 to 2013 (follow-up). Dioxin-like and nondioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs, NDL-PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were measured. Associations were assessed using generalized estimating equations. At baseline sampling 49% and at follow-up 64% had hypertension. DL-PCBs and DDE, but not NDL-PCBs or hexachlorobenzene, were associated with hypertension. Only the association for DL-PCBs remained statistically significant after lipid-standardization and adjustment for body mass index and total serum lipids. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of hypertension based on repeated measurements were 1.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.13) for DL-PCBs (third versus first tertile of lipid-standardized POPs). In stratified adjusted analyses, odds ratio for those born after 1950 increased to 3.99 (95% confidence interval, 2.15-7.43), whereas no association was observed among those born earlier. Based on repeated measurements, the accumulated exposure to DL-PCBs and DDE, although less clear for the latter, may disrupt the normal blood pressure levels and increase the odds of hypertension. Moreover, individuals experiencing early-life POP exposure may be at elevated risk of vascular POP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- From the Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (C.D.-V., A.A.)
| | - Andreas Tornevi
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | | | - Johan Sommar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Umeå University, Sweden; and Department for Health Security, Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland (H.K., P.R.)
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A.T., J.S., I.A.B.)
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25
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González-Alzaga B, Lacasaña M, Hernández AF, Arrebola JP, López-Flores I, Artacho-Cordón F, Bonde JP, Olea N, Aguilar-Garduño C. Serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds and predictors of exposure in children living in agricultural communities from South-Eastern Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:685-694. [PMID: 29129429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on exposure levels to organochlorine compounds (OCs) in child population is limited, despite their greater vulnerability to the adverse health effects of these chemicals. OBJECTIVE To determine serum concentrations of 10 OCs (including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls -PCBs-) in children living in agricultural communities from Almería (South-Eastern Spain), and to identify the main predictors of exposure related to socio-economic characteristics, diet and lifestyle. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 133 children aged 6-11 years selected from public schools of the study area. OCs compounds were determined in serum samples by GC/ECD. Anthropometric measures were obtained during sample collection. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, parental occupation, residential history, lifestyle and frequency of food consumption, among other relevant factors, was obtained by questionnaires administered to the mothers. RESULTS Geometric means of serum concentrations (ng/ml) were 0.11 for β-hexachloro-cyclohexane (β-HCH), 0.09 for endosulfan, 0.20 for endosulfan-ether, 0.51 for hexachorobenzene (HCB), 0.08 for mirex, 0.06 for oxychlordane, 0.36 for p,p'-DDE, 0.20 for PCB 138, 0.36 for PCB 153, and 0.45 for PCB 180. Percentage of samples above the limit of detection (0.05 ppb) ranged from 32 (β-HCH) to 100 (HCB). A high variability in OC levels depending on the compound was observed between our results and others found in similar studies carried out in children. Variables related to fish consumption were found to be the major dietary determinant of PCB 138, p,p´-DDE, endosulfan-α, β-HCH, mirex and oxychlordane levels. CONCLUSIONS Children participating in this study showed detectable levels of many OC, despite these compounds are no longer used. Their presence in children serum can be explained by their high lipophilicity and environmental persistence, leading to contamination of fatty food. In this line, fish consumption seemed to be the most relevant determinant of OC levels found in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- B González-Alzaga
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Lacasaña
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - A F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - I López-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
| | - F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J P Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - C Aguilar-Garduño
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental- Alejandro Otero, Spain
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26
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Rodríguez-Pérez C, Vrhovnik P, González-Alzaga B, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Olea N, Fiket Ž, Kniewald G, Arrebola JP. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, and dietary determinants of essential and possibly-essential trace element levels in adipose tissue from an adult cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:878-888. [PMID: 29021094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence linking levels of trace elements (TEs) in adipose tissue with certain chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes or obesity). The objectives of this study were to assess concentrations of a selection of nine essential and possibly-essential TEs in adipose tissue samples from an adult cohort and to explore their socio-demographic, dietary, and lifestyle determinants. Adipose tissue samples were intraoperatively collected from 226 volunteers recruited in two public hospitals from Granada province. Trace elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, V, and Zn) were analyzed in adipose tissue by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS). Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, diet, and health status by face-to-face interview. Predictors of TE concentrations were assessed by using multivariable linear and logistic regression. All TEs were detected in all samples with the exception of Se (53.50%). Iron, zinc, and copper showed the highest concentrations (42.60 mg/kg, 9.80 mg/kg, and 0.68 mg/kg, respectively). Diet was the main predictor of Cr, Fe, Mo, and Se concentrations. Body mass index was negatively associated with all TEs (β coefficients = -0.018 to -0.593, p = 0.001-0.090) except for Mn and V. Age showed a borderline-significant positive correlation with Cu (β = 0.004, p = 0.089). Residence in a rural or semi-rural area was associated with increased Co, Cr, Fe, Mo, Mn, V and Zn concentrations and with β coefficients ranging from 0.196 to 0.544 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, individuals with higher educational level showed increased Cr, Co, Fe and V concentrations (β coefficients = 0.276-0.368, p = 0.022-0.071). This is the first report on the distribution of these TEs in adipose tissue and on their determinants in a human cohort and might serve as an initial step in the elucidation of their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Vrhovnik
- Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Beatriz González-Alzaga
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Željka Fiket
- Ruđer Bošković, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Kniewald
- Ruđer Bošković, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
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27
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Zhao XH, Wang XL, Li Y. Relationship between the binding free energy and PCBs' migration, persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation using a combination of the molecular docking method and 3D-QSAR. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:20. [PMID: 29476294 PMCID: PMC5825354 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0389-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular docking method was used to calculate the binding free energies between biphenyl dioxygenase and 209 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners. The relationships between the calculated binding free energies and migration (octanol-air partition coefficients, KOA), persistence (half-life, t1/2), toxicity (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50), and bioaccumulation (bioconcentration factor, BCF) values for the PCBs were used to gain insight into the degradation of PCBs in the presence of biphenyl dioxygenase. The relationships between the calculated binding free energies and the molecular weights, KOA, BCF, and t1/2 values for the PCBs were statistically significant (P < 0.01), whereas the relationship between the calculated binding free energies and the IC50 for the PCBs was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The electrostatic field, derived from three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship studies, was a primary factor governing the binding free energy, which agreed with literature findings for KOA, t1/2, and BCF. Comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis contour maps showed that the binding free energies, KOA, t1/2, and BCF values for the PCBs decreased simultaneously when substituents with electropositive groups at the 3-position or electronegative groups at the 3'-position were introduced. This indicated the binding free energy was correlated with the persistent organic pollutant characteristics of PCBs. Furthermore, low binding free energies improved the degradation of the PCBs and simultaneously decreased the KOA, t1/2, and BCF values, thereby reducing the persistent organic pollutant characteristics of PCBs in the environment. These results are expected to be beneficial in providing a theoretical foundation for further elucidation of the degradation and molecular modification of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, No. 2, Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206 China
- The Moe Key Laboratory of Resources and Evironmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, No. 2, Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206 China
- The Moe Key Laboratory of Resources and Evironmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, No. 2, Beinong Road, Beijing, 102206 China
- The Moe Key Laboratory of Resources and Evironmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206 China
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28
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Ghosh S, Trnovec T, Palkovicova L, Hoffman EP, Washington K, Dutta SK. Status of LEPR Gene in PCB-exposed Population: A Quick Look. INT J HUM GENET 2017; 13:27-32. [PMID: 23741107 DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2013.11886193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Earlier, we have reported that Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) exposure in Slovak population has made differential gene expression that has linked to the possibilities of some diseases and disorder development in the studied population. Here we report that down-regulation of LEPR (Leptin receptor) gene in the 45-month children may have been following consequences in developing obesity later in life. A pilot high-throughput qRT-PCR [Taqman Low Density Array (TLDA)] study in a small population also corroborated the gene-expression results, and their pathways underlying the consequences of the diseases, amid further detailed large-scale population validation. The study shows the opportunity of predicting long-term effects of chemical exposures using selected genomic classifiers may reflect exposure effect and risk from environmental toxicants.
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29
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Mustieles V, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, González-Alzaga B, Fontalba-Navas A, Hauser R, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Human adipose tissue levels of persistent organic pollutants and metabolic syndrome components: Combining a cross-sectional with a 10-year longitudinal study using a multi-pollutant approach. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 104:48-57. [PMID: 28414931 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the influence of long-term exposure to POPs on the risk of metabolic syndrome, combining a cross-sectional with a 10-year longitudinal follow-up design. Residues of eight POPs were quantified in adipose tissue samples from 387 participants recruited between 2003 and 2004 in Granada province (Spain). The outcome ("metabolically compromised") was defined as having ≥1 diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and/or low HDL cholesterol. The cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the initial cohort, while the 10-year longitudinal analysis was conducted in those 154 participants free of any of the so-mentioned metabolic diseases and classified as "metabolically healthy" at recruitment. Statistical analyses were performed using single and multi-pollutant approaches through logistic and Cox regression analyses with elastic net penalty. After adjusting for confounders, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were independently associated with an increased risk of being metabolically compromised (unpenalized ORs=1.17, 95% CI=1.01-1.36 and 1.17, 95% CI=0.99-1.38, respectively). Very similar results were found in the 10-year longitudinal analysis [HRs=1.28, 95% CI=1.01-1.61 (β-HCH); 1.26, 95% CI=1.00-1.59 (HCB)] and were in line with those obtained using elastic net regression. Finally, when the arithmetic sum of both compounds was used as independent variable, risk estimates increased to OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.03-1.52 and HR=1.32, 95% CI=1.02-1.70. Our results suggest that historical exposure to HCB and β-HCH is consistently associated with the risk of metabolic disorders, and that these POPs might be partly responsible for the morbidity risk traditionally attributed to age and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Mustieles
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz González-Alzaga
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Spain.
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30
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Achour A, Derouiche A, Barhoumi B, Kort B, Cherif D, Bouabdallah S, Sakly M, Rhouma KB, Touil S, Driss MR, Tebourbi O. Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue from northern Tunisia: Current extent of contamination and contributions of socio-demographic characteristics and dietary habits. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:635-643. [PMID: 28463822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate the current exposure levels of persistent organochlorine compounds (OCs) in adipose tissues intraoperatively collected from 40 patients over 20 years undergoing non-cancer-related surgery residing in Northern region of Tunisia (Bizerte), which constitutes an exemplary case, and examined association between levels of contamination and both socio-demographic characteristics and dietary habits. Concentration of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane isomers (p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT) and metabolites (p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD and o,p'-DDD) and 12 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners were measured using capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detector. Overall, residue levels of OCs followed the decreasing order of DDTs > PCBs > HCB > HCHs. DDTs levels ranged from 74.49 to 1834.76ngg-1 lipid and contributing to more than 90% to the sum of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). p,p'-DDE was the most abundant in all samples and the p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE ratio (range between 1.85% and 58.45%) suggesting recent and ongoing exposure to banned commercial DDT products. PCB concentrations varied from 29.27 to 322.58ngg-1 lipid and PCB-180, PCB-153 and PCB-138 were the dominant congeners accounting for 70% of total PCBs. We did not find significant correlations between OC exposure levels and sex, parity, habitat areas and smoking habits. In females, the adipose tissue concentrations of DDTs, HCB and PCB-118 were positively correlated with age. There was statistically significant relationship between body mass index (BMI) changes and the adipose tissue levels of HCB and HCHs. No association was found between OCPs levels and dietary factors. However, our study suggests that fish consumption may be an important contributor of PCBs adipose tissue content of PCBs in Tunisian people. The presented work is highly significant, being the first study pointing out the chronic exposure to OCs in Bizerte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Achour
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelkader Derouiche
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Badreddine Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Badreddine Kort
- Service of General Surgery, Regional Hospital of Menzel Bourguiba, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | | | - Sondes Bouabdallah
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Khémais Ben Rhouma
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Soufiane Touil
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage Tunisia, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia
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31
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Artacho-Cordón F, León J, Sáenz JM, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Contribution of Persistent Organic Pollutant Exposure to the Adipose Tissue Oxidative Microenvironment in an Adult Cohort: A Multipollutant Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:13529-13538. [PMID: 27993081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing in vitro and in vivo evidence of the putative role of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the induction of oxidative damage in cell structures, this issue has been poorly addressed from an epidemiologic perspective. The aim of this study was to explore associations between adipose tissue POP concentrations and the in situ oxidative microenvironment. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a subsample (n = 271) of a previously established cohort, quantifying levels of eight POPs and four groups of oxidative stress biomarkers in adipose tissue. Associations were explored using multivariate linear regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. We assessed the combined effect of POPs on oxidative stress/glutathione system biomarkers using weighted quantile sum regression (WQS). Increased concentrations of p,p'-DDE, HCB, β-HCH, dicofol, and PCBs (congeners -138, -153, and -180) were predominantly associated with higher lipid peroxidation (TBARS) [exp(β) = 1.09-1.78, p < 0.01-0.04)] and SOD activity [exp(β) = 1.13-1.48, p < 0.01-0.05)] levels. However, only a few associations were observed with glutathione system biomarkers, e.g., PCB-180 with total glutathione [exp(β) = 1.98, p = 0.03]. The WQS index was found to be positively associated with SOD activity, and PCB-138, PCB-180, and β-HCH were the main contributors to the index. Likewise, the WQS index was positively associated with TBARS levels, with the three PCBs acting as the main contributors. This is the first epidemiological evidence of the putative disruption by POPs of the adipose tissue oxidative microenvironment. Our results indicate that POP exposure may enhance alternative pathways to the glutathione detoxification route, which might result in tissue damage. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the potential health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- CIBER en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nicolás Olea
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada , Granada, 18012, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública , Granada, 18011, Spain
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital , Granada, 18012 Spain
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Chen Y, Cai X, Jiang L, Li Y. Prediction of octanol-air partition coefficients for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using 3D-QSAR models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:202-212. [PMID: 26524653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on the experimental data of octanol-air partition coefficients (KOA) for 19 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, two types of QSAR methods, comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), are used to establish 3D-QSAR models using the structural parameters as independent variables and using logKOA values as the dependent variable with the Sybyl software to predict the KOA values of the remaining 190 PCB congeners. The whole data set (19 compounds) was divided into a training set (15 compounds) for model generation and a test set (4 compounds) for model validation. As a result, the cross-validation correlation coefficient (q(2)) obtained by the CoMFA and CoMSIA models (shuffled 12 times) was in the range of 0.825-0.969 (>0.5), the correlation coefficient (r(2)) obtained was in the range of 0.957-1.000 (>0.9), and the SEP (standard error of prediction) of test set was within the range of 0.070-0.617, indicating that the models were robust and predictive. Randomly selected from a set of models, CoMFA analysis revealed that the corresponding percentages of the variance explained by steric and electrostatic fields were 23.9% and 76.1%, respectively, while CoMSIA analysis by steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic fields were 0.6%, 92.6%, and 6.8%, respectively. The electrostatic field was determined as a primary factor governing the logKOA. The correlation analysis of the relationship between the number of Cl atoms and the average logKOA values of PCBs indicated that logKOA values gradually increased as the number of Cl atoms increased. Simultaneously, related studies on PCB detection in the Arctic and Antarctic areas revealed that higher logKOA values indicate a stronger PCB migration ability. From CoMFA and CoMSIA contour maps, logKOA decreased when substituents possessed electropositive groups at the 2-, 3-, 3'-, 5- and 6- positions, which could reduce the PCB migration ability. These results are expected to be beneficial in predicting logKOA values of PCB homologues and derivatives and in providing a theoretical foundation for further elucidation of the global migration behaviour of PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Resource and Environment Institute of North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Resource and Environment Institute of North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Long Jiang
- Resource and Environment Institute of North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Li
- Resource and Environment Institute of North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; The State Key Laboratory of Regional Optimisation of Energy System, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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Fernández-Rodríguez M, Arrebola JP, Artacho-Cordón F, Amaya E, Aragones N, Llorca J, Perez-Gomez B, Ardanaz E, Kogevinas M, Castano-Vinyals G, Pollan M, Olea N. Levels and predictors of persistent organic pollutants in an adult population from four Spanish regions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:152-61. [PMID: 26298258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to assess serum concentrations of a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a sample of adults recruited in four different regions from Spain and to assess socio-demographic, dietary, and lifestyle predictors of the exposure. The study population comprised 312 healthy adults selected from among controls recruited in the MCC-Spain multicase-control study. Study variables were collected using standardized questionnaires, and pollutants were analyzed by means of gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify predictors of log-transformed pollutant concentrations, using combined backward and forward stepwise multiple linear regression models. Detection rates ranged from 89.1% (hexachlorobenzene, HCB) to 93.6% (Polychlorinated biphenyl-153 [PCB-153]); p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) showed the highest median concentrations (1.04ng/ml), while HCB showed the lowest (0.24ng/ml). In the multivariable models, age was positively associated with HCB, p,p'-DDE, and PCB-180. BMI was associated positively with p,p'-DDE but negatively with PCB-138. Total accumulated time residing in an urban area was positively associated with PCB-153 concentrations. The women showed higher HCB and lower p,p'-DDE concentrations versus the men. Notably, POP exposure in our study population was inversely associated with the breastfeeding received by participants and with the number of pregnancies of their mothers but was not related to the participants' history of breastfeeding their children or parity. Smoking was negatively associated with HCB and PCB-153 concentrations. Consumption of fatty foods, including blue fish, was in general positively associated with POP levels. Although POP environmental levels are declining worldwide, there is a need for the continuous monitoring of human exposure in the general population. The results of the present study confirm previous findings and point to novel predictors of long-term exposure to persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - E Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - N Aragones
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Llorca
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - B Perez-Gomez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Ardanaz
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Castano-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pollan
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Artacho-Cordón F, Fernández-Rodríguez M, Garde C, Salamanca E, Iribarne-Durán LM, Torné P, Expósito J, Papay-Ramírez L, Fernández MF, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Serum and adipose tissue as matrices for assessment of exposure to persistent organic pollutants in breast cancer patients. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:633-643. [PMID: 26318258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess differences between two biological matrices (serum and breast adipose tissue) in the evaluation of persistent organic pollutant (POP) exposure in breast cancer patients. The study population consisted of 103 women undergoing surgery for newly diagnosed breast carcinoma in a public hospital in Granada, Southern Spain. Independent variables were gathered from questionnaires and clinical records. POP concentrations were quantified in breast adipose tissue and serum samples. Spearman correlation tests were performed between pairs of POP concentrations and stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to assess predictors of concentrations in the two matrices. p,p'- Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) showed the the highest median concentration in both matrices (194.34 and 173.84 ng/g lipid in adipose tissue and serum, respectively). Median wet-basis adipose tissue:serum ratios ranged from 109.34 to 651.62, while lipid-basis ratios ranged from 0.88 to 4.34. In general, we found significant positive correlation coefficients between pairs of POPs in adipose tissue and in serum, which were always higher in adipose tissue. We found positive and statistically significant correlations between serum and adipose tissue concentrations of p,p'-DDE and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) but not of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Age was positively associated with most POPs in adipose tissue and serum, while the body mass index was positively associated with adipose tissue HCB concentrations and negatively associated with serum PCB-153 and PCB-138 concentrations. Recent weight loss was inversely associated with POP residues in adipose tissue and positively associated with POP residues in serum. Serum HCB and PCB-180 concentrations were lower in patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy. According to our results, serum and adipose tissue POP concentrations in breast cancer patients may be differentially affected by external predictors. Taken together, these findings indicate the need to take account of the individual POP(s) under study and the biological matrix used when relating internal POP exposure to breast cancer disease and to make a careful selection of covariates for adjusting the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - M Fernández-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - C Garde
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - E Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - L M Iribarne-Durán
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - P Torné
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - J Expósito
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - L Papay-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - M F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
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Zhang S, Wu T, Chen M, Guo Z, Yang Z, Zuo Z, Wang C. Chronic Exposure to Aroclor 1254 Disrupts Glucose Homeostasis in Male Mice via Inhibition of the Insulin Receptor Signal Pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10084-92. [PMID: 26190026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) induce diabetes and insulin resistance. However, the development of diabetes caused by PCBs and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with Aroclor 1254 (0.5, 5, 50, and 500 μg/kg) once every 3 days for 60 days. The body weight and the fasting blood glucose levels were significantly elevated; the levels of serum insulin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) increased, while glucagon levels decreased in the animals treated with Aroclor 1254. Pancreatic β-cell mass significantly increased, while α-cell mass was reduced. Aroclor 1254 inhibited the expression of the insulin receptor signaling cascade, including insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt, and protein kinase B and glucose transporter 4, both in the skeletal muscle and the liver. The results suggested that chronic exposure to Aroclor 1254 disrupted glucose homeostasis and induced hyperinsulinemia. The significant elevation of serum resistin, TNFα and IL-6 indicated that obesity caused by Aroclor 1254 is associated with insulin resistance. The elevation of blood glucose levels could have been mainly as a result of insulin receptor signals pathway suppression in skeletal muscle and liver, and a decrease in pancreatic α-cells, accompanied by a reduction of serum glucagon levels, may play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Tian Wu
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Meng Chen
- §Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Zhizhun Guo
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Yang
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
- §Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- †State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
- ‡State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361006, P.R. China
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Teixeira D, Pestana D, Santos C, Correia-Sá L, Marques C, Norberto S, Meireles M, Faria A, Silva R, Faria G, Sá C, Freitas P, Taveira-Gomes A, Domingues V, Delerue-Matos C, Calhau C, Monteiro R. Inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk on obesity: role of environmental xenoestrogens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:1792-801. [PMID: 25853792 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-4136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Some chemicals used in consumer products or manufacturing (eg, plastics, pesticides) have estrogenic activities; these xenoestrogens (XEs) may affect immune responses and have recently emerged as a new risk factors for obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, the extent and impact on health of chronic exposure of the general population to XEs are still unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the levels of XEs in plasma and adipose tissue (AT) depots in a sample of pre- and postmenopausal obese women undergoing bariatric surgery and their cardiometabolic impact in an obese state. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We evaluated XE levels in plasma and visceral and subcutaneous AT samples of Portuguese obese (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) women undergoing bariatric surgery. Association with metabolic parameters and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was assessed, according to menopausal status (73 pre- and 48 postmenopausal). Levels of XEs were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected prior to surgery. Adipocyte size was determined on tissue sections obtained during surgery. RESULTS Our data show that XEs are pervasive in this obese population. Distribution of individual and concentration of total XEs differed between plasma, visceral AT, and subcutaneous AT, and the pattern of accumulation was different between pre- and postmenopausal women. Significant associations between XE levels and metabolic and inflammatory parameters were found. In premenopausal women, XEs in plasma seem to be a predictor of 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point toward a different distribution of XE between plasma and AT in pre- and postmenopausal women, and reveal the association between XEs on the development of metabolic abnormalities in obese premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Teixeira
- Departments of Biochemistry (D.T., D.P., S.N., M.M., A.F., R.S., C. Sá, C.C., R.M.), Health Information and Decision Science (C.San.), Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (P.F.), S. João Hospital General Surgery, Pedro Hispano Hospital (A.T.G.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems (D.P., C.San., G.F., C.C.), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Rede de Química e Tecnologia - Instituto Superior de Engenharia (L.C., V.D., C.D.M), Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (A.F.), University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Rede de Química e Tecnologia, Laboratório Associado de Química Verde (A.F.), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-009 Porto, Portugal; and Department of General Surgery, Oporto Hospital Center (G.F.), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Bonde JP, Martín-Rodriguez JL, Expósito J, Rubio-Domínguez A, Olea N. Historical exposure to persistent organic pollutants and risk of incident hypertension. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 138:217-23. [PMID: 25725302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of adipose tissue concentrations of a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the risk of hypertension in an adult cohort of residents of Granada (Southern Spain) over a 10-year follow-up. No chemical was significantly associated with the risk of hypertension in the overall population or when models were stratified by sex or median age. However, we found positive associations between log-transformed POP concentrations and hypertension risk in participants with body mass index (BMI) above the median value of 26.3kg/m(2), which were statistically significant for hexachlorobenzene (HR=1.26, 95% CI=1.03-1.56), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HR=1.25, 95% CI=1.03-1.51), and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners -138 (HR=1.32, 95% CI=1.04-1.69) and -153 (HR=1.36, 95% CI=1.00-1.84). Inverse associations were observed in the subgroup with BMI≤26.3kg/m(2), but none was statistically significant. More research and a longer follow-up period are warranted to verify these associations and elucidate the role of obesity as a potential effect modifier. Given the elevated worldwide frequency of POP exposure and hypertension, the public health impact of this relationship may be substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - José Expósito
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Rubio-Domínguez
- Gran Capitán Center for Primary Care, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
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Arrebola JP, Molina-Molina JM, Fernández MF, Sáenz JM, Amaya E, Indiveri P, Hill EM, Scholze M, Orton F, Kortenkamp A, Olea N. A novel biomarker for anti-androgenic activity in placenta reveals risks of urogenital malformations. Reproduction 2015; 149:605-13. [PMID: 25784770 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that the rise in male reproductive disorders over recent decades may at least be partially attributable to environmental factors, including chemical exposures, but observed associations with single chemicals were rather weak. The aim of this case-control study was to explore the relationship between exposure to mixtures of (anti-)androgenic chemicals during pregnancy and the risk of cryptorchidism and/or hypospadias in offspring, using the total effective xenobiotic burden of anti-androgens (TEXB-AA) as a biomarker. A subsample of 29 cases (16 of cryptorchidism, 12 of hypospadias, and one of both disorders) and 60 healthy controls was nested in a cohort of male newborns recruited between October 2000 and July 2002. The (anti-)androgenic activity of placenta samples collected at delivery was assessed using TEXB-AA biomarker, combined with a bioassay-directed fractionation protocol that separated endogenous hormones from most (anti-)androgenic chemicals by normal-phase HPLC. The bioassay measures the androgen-induced luciferase activity and the inhibition of this pathway by (anti-)androgens. First, we collected 27 HPLC fractions in each placenta extract, which were all tested in the bioassay. The multivariable statistical analyses indicated a statistically significant positive dose-response association between the potent anti-androgenic activity of the HPLC fraction collected during minutes 1-2 (F2) and the risk of malformations (odds ratio: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.04-5.23). This study represents a novel approach for the estimation of combined effects of the total anti-androgenic load and the associations suggest an effect of environmental pollutants on the development of fetal reproductive tract.Free Spanish abstract: A Spanish translation of this abstract is freely available at http://www.reproduction-online.org/content/149/6/605/suppl/DC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - José M Molina-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Jose M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Esperanza Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Paolo Indiveri
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Hill
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Martin Scholze
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Frances Orton
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADASan Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainCIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)Madrid, SpainSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UKInstitute of the EnvironmentHealth and Societies, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UKBiosciencesCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Martín-Olmedo P, Molina-Molina JM, Sánchez-Pérez MJ, Sánchez-Cantalejo E, Molina-Portillo E, Expósito J, Bonde JP, Olea N. Adipose tissue concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and total cancer risk in an adult cohort from Southern Spain: preliminary data from year 9 of the follow-up. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 500-501:243-9. [PMID: 25217999 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing trend in the incidence of cancer worldwide, and it has been accepted that environmental factors account for an important proportion of the global burden. The present paper reports preliminary findings on the influence of the historical exposure to a group of persistent organic pollutants on total cancer risk, at year 9 in the follow-up of a cohort from Southern Spain. A cohort of 368 participants (median age 51 years) was recruited in 2003. Their historical exposure was estimated by analyzing residues of persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue. Estimation of cancer incidence was based on data from a population-based cancer registry. Statistical analyses were performed using multivariable Cox-regression models. In males, PCB 153 concentrations were positively associated with total cancer risk, with an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.20 (1.01-1.41) for an increment of 100 ng/g lipid. Our preliminary findings suggest a potential relationship between the historical exposure to persistent organic pollutants and the risk of cancer in men. However, these results should be interpreted with caution and require verification during the future follow-up of this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martín-Olmedo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Molina-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Pérez
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain; Granada Research of Excellence Initiative on BioHealth "GREIB", University of Granada (CEB-005), Spain
| | - Emilio Sánchez-Cantalejo
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Expósito
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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Arrebola JP, Ocaña-Riola R, Arrebola-Moreno AL, Fernández-Rodríguez M, Martin-Olmedo P, Fernández MF, Olea N. Associations of accumulated exposure to persistent organic pollutants with serum lipids and obesity in an adult cohort from Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 195:9-15. [PMID: 25173983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the association of the accumulated human exposure to persistent organic pollutants with serum lipid levels and obesity, in a cohort of 298 adults. In the multivariable analyses, HCB concentrations evidenced a significant quadratic association with levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and total serum lipids. Likewise, PCBs 138 and 180 were associated with triglycerides and total serum lipids, and PCB 153 with LDL. HCB, p,p'-DDE, and β-HCH showed quadratic associations with BMI. All quadratic models showed a positive trend at low exposure levels, while the slope decreased or even became negative at higher exposure levels. Additionally, PCB 138 was positively associated with BMI but in a linear manner. Our results suggest a potential relationship between historical POP exposure and serum lipids/obesity, which followed a non-linear pattern in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Ricardo Ocaña-Riola
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada. ibs. GRANADA, Cuesta del Observatorio s/n, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | | | - María Fernández-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada. ibs. GRANADA, Cuesta del Observatorio s/n, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18080, Granada, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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41
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Lopes B, Arrebola JP, Serafim A, Company R, Rosa J, Olea N. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord serum in a human cohort from South Portugal. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 114:291-302. [PMID: 25113215 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine compounds as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pp'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (pp'DDE) are ubiquitous, resistant to degradation and lipophilic compounds, commonly found in the general population. Prenatal exposure to these compounds has been associated to adverse developmental effects. Levels of PCBs and pp'DDE were investigated in maternal and umbilical cord serum of 68 women/newborns pairs from Algarve, South Portugal. Mean sum PCBs congeners and pp'DDE concentrations were 1.62 ± 0.39 ng mL(-1)and 1.11 ± 0.69 ng mL(-1)-for maternal and 1.45 ± 0.25 ng mL(-1) and 0.85 ± 0.50 ng mL(-1)for cord serum, respectively. Congeners distribution pattern followed the order PCB 153>180>130, both for maternal and cord serum). Significant correlations (p<0.05) were found between maternal and cord serum concentrations. The umbilical cord/maternal serum ratio were 0.90 and 0.76, respectively for ΣPCB and pp'DDE Multivariate analyses relate women in urban centers with higher PCB levels, while higher pp'DDE relates to older primiparous women that live at rural areas. PCBs were also correlated to more portions of fat rich foods, while pp'DDE is associated to higher ingestion of vegetables and fruits. Smoking habits only correlated to maternal PCB. The present work provides, to our knowledge and for the first time, baseline human-biomonitoring data and establishes background ranges of PCB and pp'DDE levels in the maternal and umbilical cord serum in the Algarve region. These compounds exhibited the capacity to pass the placenta barrier and target the fetus. Even in non-industrialized areas, and in non-intensive agriculture areas, like the Southern Portugal, there is a need to take measures to eliminate or minimize the risk of organochlorine exposure during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lopes
- University of Algarve, CIMA, Edifício 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - J P Arrebola
- Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - A Serafim
- University of Algarve, CIMA, Edifício 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - R Company
- University of Algarve, CIMA, Edifício 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - J Rosa
- Hospital Central de Faro, Rua Leão Penedo, Department of Pediatry and Obstetricy, 8000-386 Faro, Portugal
| | - N Olea
- Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Liu H, Liu H, Sun P, Wang Z. QSAR studies of bioconcentration factors of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using DFT, PCS and CoMFA. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 114:101-105. [PMID: 25113189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of 58 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were modeled by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) using density functional theory (DFT), the position of Cl substitution (PCS) and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) methods. All the models were robust and predictive, and especially, the best CoMFA model was significant with a correlation coefficient (R(2)) of 0.926, a cross-validation correlation coefficient (Q(2)) of 0.821 and a root mean square error estimated (RMSE) of 0.235. The results indicate that the electrostatic descriptors play a more significant role in BCFs of PCBs. Additionally, a test set was used to compare the predictive ability of our models to others, and results show that our CoMFA model present the lowest RMSE. Thus, the models obtain in this work can be used to predict the BCFs of remaining 152 PCBs without available experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Pestana D, Faria G, Sá C, Fernandes VC, Teixeira D, Norberto S, Faria A, Meireles M, Marques C, Correia-Sá L, Cunha A, Guimarães JT, Taveira-Gomes A, Santos AC, Domingues VF, Delerue-Matos C, Monteiro R, Calhau C. Persistent organic pollutant levels in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese individuals--depot differences and dysmetabolism implications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 133:170-177. [PMID: 24949816 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with endocrine disrupting activity in the aetiology of obesity and other metabolic dysfunctions has been recently highlighted. Adipose tissue (AT) is a common site of POPs accumulation where they can induce adverse effects on human health. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the presence of POPs in human visceral (vAT) and subcutaneous (scAT) adipose tissue in a sample of Portuguese obese patients that underwent bariatric surgery, and assess their putative association with metabolic disruption preoperatively, as well as with subsequent body mass index (BMI) reduction. METHODS AT samples (n=189) from obese patients (BMI ≥ 35) were collected and the levels of 13 POPs were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected at the time of surgery. BMI variation was evaluated after 12 months and adipocyte size was measured in AT samples. RESULTS Our data confirm that POPs are pervasive in this obese population (96.3% of detection on both tissues), their abundance increasing with age (RS=0.310, p<0.01) and duration of obesity (RS=0.170, p<0.05). We observed a difference in AT depot POPs storage capability, with higher levels of ΣPOPs in vAT (213.9 ± 204.2 compared to 155.1 ± 147.4 ng/g of fat, p<0.001), extremely relevant when evaluating their metabolic impact. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between POP levels and the presence of metabolic syndrome components, namely dysglycaemia and hypertension, and more importantly with cardiovascular risk (RS=0.277, p<0.01), with relevance for vAT (RS=0.315, p<0.01). Finally, we observed an interesting relation of higher POP levels with lower weight loss in older patients. CONCLUSION Our sample of obese subjects allowed us to highlight the importance of POPs stored in AT on the development of metabolic dysfunction in a context of obesity, shifting the focus to their metabolic effects and not only for their recognition as environmental obesogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Pestana
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Gil Faria
- General Surgery Department, S. João Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Sá
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Virgínia C Fernandes
- Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Requimte-Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Norberto
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Faria
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, P-4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Meireles
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Marques
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Correia-Sá
- Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - João T Guimarães
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital S. João, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - António Taveira-Gomes
- General Surgery Department, S. João Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Santos
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valentina F Domingues
- Requimte-Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- Requimte-Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosário Monteiro
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Centro de Investigação Médica, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS-Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, P-4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Patayová H, Wimmerová S, Lancz K, Palkovičová Ľ, Drobná B, Fabišková A, Kováč J, Hertz-Picciotto I, Jusko TA, Trnovec T. Anthropometric, socioeconomic, and maternal health determinants of placental transfer of organochlorine compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:8557-66. [PMID: 23677752 PMCID: PMC4048999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to relate placental transfer, quantified by the cord to maternal serum concentration ratio (C/M), of five organochlorine pesticides (OCP) hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) , p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE and 15 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (28, 52, 101, 105, 114, 118, 123(+149), 138(+163), 153, 156(+171), 157, 167, 170, 180, and 189) to anthropometric, socioeconomic, and maternal health characteristics. We included into the study 1,134 births during the period 2002-2004 from two districts in eastern Slovakia with high organochlorine concentrations relative to other areas of the world. Only concentrations >LOD were taken into account. Variables as age, weight and height of mothers, parity, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, illness during pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, hypertension, respiratory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus, and birth weight were related to C/M. Results of regression analyses showed that C/M was predicted by several factors studied. Positive associations were observed for gestational alcohol consumption, fewer illnesses during pregnancy, maternal age, and maternal weight. Caucasians had a greater C/M compared to Romani for wet weight data of congeners 170 and 180 and in contrast C/M for HCB was greater in Romani. Our results show that drinking mothers compared to abstaining expose their fetuses not only to alcohol but to an increased level of several PCB congeners. A straightforward explanation of associations between C/M shifts and factors studied is very difficult, however, with regard to the high lipophilicity of OCPs and PCBs, changes in their kinetics probably reflect lipid kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrieta Patayová
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Soňa Wimmerová
- Institute of Biophysics, Informatics and Biostatistics, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303
| | - Kinga Lancz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Palkovičová
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Beata Drobná
- Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Fabišková
- Department of Toxic Organic Pollutants, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kováč
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine in Bratislava, Špitálska 24, 81372 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Todd A. Jusko
- Epidemiology Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Tomáš Trnovec
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Olea N, Ramos R, Martin-Olmedo P. Human exposure to p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) in urban and semi-rural areas in southeast Spain: a gender perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 458-460:209-16. [PMID: 23651776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) is the main metabolite of pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and a marker of past exposure to this organochlorine pesticide. p,p'-DDE is considered a persistent organic pollutant with potential adverse effects on human health. The aims of the present study were to assess p,p'-DDE levels in serum and adipose tissue from a cohort of adults in southern Spain and to explore the predictors of exposure from a gender perspective. Chemical analyses were performed using gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry in tandem mode. The study population (n=387) was intraoperatively recruited in two areas of Granada Province (southern Spain), and data on potential predictors of these concentrations were gathered by questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed by means of multivariable linear regression models. All participants showed detectable concentrations of p,p'-DDE in both serum and adipose tissue, with median concentrations of 175.7 and 93.0 ng/g lipid, respectively (p<0.001), and the two measurements showed positive correlations. Women showed higher concentrations than men (115.8 and 66.2 ng/g lipid, respectively, p<0.001). Concentrations in both matrices were positively associated with fatty food consumption, as well as with age and BMI, the latter only in adipose tissue. The multivariate model showed that, among women, adipose tissue concentrations were approximately 40% higher in those residing in the semi-rural area and 2-fold higher in those whose mothers had participated in agricultural activities during the pregnancy. In this study population, gender and place of residence play a key role in human exposure to p,p'-DDE and can be used to identify subjects at special risk of long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Liu P, Ren D, Du G, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Qin Z. Accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in mudsnails (Cipangopaludina cahayensis) did not increase with age. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 91:1-5. [PMID: 23595345 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-013-0993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in mudsnails (Cipangopaludina cahayensis) and sediment samples from an electronic waste recycling area to investigate the correlation between PBDE accumulation and age. The results showed that PBDE accumulation did not increase with age, suggesting a dynamic balance between the uptake, depuration and biotransformation of PBDEs relative to growth dilution in mudsnails. We infer that this phenomenon is associated with low absorption efficiencies, rapid depuration rates and high biotransformation rates of PBDEs. BDE-209 contributed only up to about 5 %, whereas BDE-209 was the dominant congener and contributed up to 90 % of the total PBDEs in surface sediments. The difference in PBDE congener pattern between mudsnails and sediments showed a low bioaccumulation potential for these compounds in mudsnails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, HeBei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
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Malarvannan G, Dirinck E, Dirtu AC, Pereira-Fernandes A, Neels H, Jorens PG, Gaal LV, Blust R, Covaci A. Distribution of persistent organic pollutants in two different fat compartments from obese individuals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 55:33-42. [PMID: 23518385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There are only few studies defining persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations in various fat compartments from living obese individuals. The present study has therefore determined the concentrations of various classes of organohalogenated compounds, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in visceral fat (VF: n=52) and subcutaneous abdominal fat (SF: n=52) samples collected in 2010-2012 from obese individuals in Belgium. Organohalogen compounds were detected in all fat samples in the decreasing order of their concentrations: PCBs>DDTs>HCHs>CHLs>HCB>HBCDs>PBDEs, suggesting that Belgians have been widely exposed to these contaminants. The levels and the patterns of POP distribution in VF and SF tissue depots were not significantly different. Concentrations of PCBs (VF/SF; median: 285/275ng/g lw) and DDTs (VF/SF; median: 150/155ng/g lw) were the major POPs in all fat samples. Concerning PCBs, PCB 153 (VF/SF: 27/26%) was the most dominant congener, followed by PCB 180 (VF/SF: 17/18%), PCB 138 (VF/SF: 15/14.5%) and PCB 170 (VF/SF: 8.1/8.4%) to the sum PCBs, respectively. Levels of HBCDs (VF/SF; median: 4.0/3.7ng/g lw) and PBDEs (VF/SF; median: 2.6/2.7ng/g lw) were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than those of PCBs and DDTs. Among PBDEs, BDE 153 (VF/SF: 31/34%) was the dominant congener, followed by BDE 47 (VF/SF: 26/23%), BDE 154 (VF/SF: 16/16%), BDE 100 (VF/SF: 10/11%) and BDE 99 (VF/SF: 9/9%). To our knowledge, this is the first report on HBCD concentrations in Belgian human fat tissues. Total PBDE and HBCD levels in human fat samples could not be correlated with age. In agreement with the literature, a significant correlation (p<0.05) between age and the concentration of PCBs (r=0.828), DDTs (r=0.640), HCHs (r=0.666), CHLs (r=0.534) and HCB (r=0.754), was observed in the present study. Levels of DDTs, HCHs, HCB and CHLs were also significantly correlated to each other, suggesting that they share similar exposure routes. Correlation with computed tomography (CT) scan data revealed that VF and VF/SF ratios are positive for most of the POPs, such as PCBs, PBDEs, p,p'DDE, CHLs, β-HCH, and HCB. To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess the relationship between POP levels in adipose tissue and markers of abdominal adiposity, determined by CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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Arrebola JP, Pumarega J, Gasull M, Fernandez MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Molina-Molina JM, Fernández-Rodríguez M, Porta M, Olea N. Adipose tissue concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults from Southern Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 122:31-37. [PMID: 23290489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that environmental factors play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes. Several persistent organic pollutants are suspected to contribute to the increasing prevalence and risk of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the body burden of three organochlorine pesticides and three polychlorinated biphenyls and the overall estrogenic activity with the risk of type 2 diabetes in a sample of adults from Southern Spain. Samples of adipose tissue and serum were obtained from 386 subjects undergoing non-cancer-related surgery and were extracted using validated methodologies. Residues of persistent organic pollutants were analyzed by means of high-resolution gas chromatography with a mass spectrometry detector in tandem mode. The overall estrogenicity of the adipose tissue extracts was measured by using the total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB) biomarker. Data on lifestyle, dietary habits, and health status were gathered from face-to-face interviews and clinical records. Statistical analyses were performed with unconditional logistic regression and different adjustment levels. In the models adjusted for adipose tissue origin, sex, age, and body mass index, the 2nd and 3rd tertiles of adipose tissue concentrations of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) were positively associated with the risk of diabetes [odds ratios (95% confidence interval)=3.6 (0.8-17.3) and 4.4 (1.0-21.0), respectively]. A positive association with β-hexachlorocyclohexane was also found when body mass index and adipose tissue origin were removed from the models, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 3.3 (1.0-10.4) and 5.5 (1.7-17.3), for the 2nd and 3rd tertiles of exposure, respectively. In addition, a statistically significant interaction was observed between p,p'-DDE and body mass index, such that the risk of diabetes increased with tertiles of exposure in a linear manner in non-obese subjects but not in the obese, in whom an inverted U-shape pattern was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Kvalem HE, Brantsæter AL, Meltzer HM, Stigum H, Thomsen C, Haugen M, Alexander J, Knutsen HK. Development and validation of prediction models for blood concentrations of dioxins and PCBs using dietary intakes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2012; 50:15-21. [PMID: 23032644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioxins and PCBs accumulate in the food chain and might exert toxic effects in animals and humans. In large epidemiologic studies, exposure estimates of these compounds based on analyses of biological material might not be available or affordable. OBJECTIVES To develop and then validate models for predicting concentrations of dioxins and PCBs in blood using a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire and blood concentrations. METHODS Prediction models were built on data from one study (n=195), and validated in an independent study group (n=66). We used linear regression to develop predictive models for dioxins and PCBs, both sums of congeners and 33 single congeners (7 and 10 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs: 4 non-ortho and 8 mono-ortho), sum of all the 29 dioxin-like compounds (total TEQ) and sum of 4 non dioxin-like PCBs (∑ CB-101, 138, 153, 183=PCB(4)). We used the blood concentration and dietary intake of each of the above as dependent and independent variables, while sex, parity, age, place of living, smoking status, energy intake and education were covariates. We validated the models in a new study population comparing the predicted blood concentrations with the measured blood concentrations using correlation coefficients and Weighted Kappa (К(W)) as measures of agreement, considering К(W)>0.40 as successful prediction. RESULTS The models explained 78% (sum dioxin-like compounds), 76% (PCDDs), 76% (PCDFs), 74% (no-PCBs), 69% (mo-PCBs), 68% (PCB(4)) and 63% (CB-153) of the variance. In addition to dietary intake, age and sex were the most important covariates. The predicted blood concentrations were highly correlated with the measured values, with r=0.75 for dl-compounds 0.70 for PCB(4), (p<0.001) and 0.66 (p<0.001) for CB-153. К(W) was 0.68 for sum dl-compounds 0.65 for both PCB(4) and CB-153. Out of 33 congeners 16 (13dl-compounds and 3 ndl PCBs) had К(W)>0.40. CONCLUSIONS The models developed had high power to predict blood levels of dioxins and PCBs and to correctly rank subjects according to high or low exposure based on dietary intake and demographic information. These models underline the value of dietary intake data for use in investigations of associations between dioxin and PCB exposure and health outcomes in large epidemiological studies with limited biomaterial for chemical analysis.
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Arrebola JP, Mutch E, Cuellar M, Quevedo M, Claure E, Mejía LM, Fernández-Rodríguez M, Freire C, Olea N, Mercado LA. Factors influencing combined exposure to three indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in an adult cohort from Bolivia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 116:17-25. [PMID: 22578811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls are persistent organic pollutants that have been used for decades in several industrial applications. Although production of polychlorinated biphenyls was restricted from the 1970s in most countries, substantial amounts remain in old equipment and buildings and they have been detected in various environmental and biological matrices. The main objective of this study was to analyze predictors of the combined exposure to three non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (congeners 138, 153 and 180) in serum and adipose tissue from an adult cohort (n=112) living in the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra (Bolivia) and surrounding towns/villages. A second aim was to identify modifiers that might influence the statistical associations found, using crude, partially-adjusted, and global multiple linear regression models. Main predictors of serum concentrations were occupation and fatty food consumption, while those for adipose tissue concentrations included age, smoking habit, fatty food consumption, and residence. The differences between the two matrices might be derived from their biological meaning, given that adipose tissue concentrations are an indicator of chronic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls while serum levels are a good predictor of ongoing exposure and the mobilization of polychlorinated biphenyls stored in fatty tissues. Body mass index was found to be an important modifier of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Arrebola
- Laboratory of Medical Investigations, San Cecilio University Hospital, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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